WO2018081506A1 - Système de contrôle qualité automatisé pour additifs de ciment, fluides de mélange et suspensions - Google Patents

Système de contrôle qualité automatisé pour additifs de ciment, fluides de mélange et suspensions Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018081506A1
WO2018081506A1 PCT/US2017/058672 US2017058672W WO2018081506A1 WO 2018081506 A1 WO2018081506 A1 WO 2018081506A1 US 2017058672 W US2017058672 W US 2017058672W WO 2018081506 A1 WO2018081506 A1 WO 2018081506A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
ingredients
mix
additive
additives
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2017/058672
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English (en)
Inventor
Sharath Chandra MAHAVADI
Francois M Auzerais
Simon Ivar Andersen
Original Assignee
Schlumberger Technology Corporation
Schlumberger Canada Limited
Services Petroliers Schlumberger
Schlumberger Technology B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by Schlumberger Technology Corporation, Schlumberger Canada Limited, Services Petroliers Schlumberger, Schlumberger Technology B.V. filed Critical Schlumberger Technology Corporation
Publication of WO2018081506A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018081506A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
    • C09K8/46—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement
    • C09K8/467—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement containing additives for specific purposes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
    • C04B40/0032—Controlling the process of mixing, e.g. adding ingredients in a quantity depending on a measured or desired value
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
    • C09K8/03—Specific additives for general use in well-drilling compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
    • C09K8/46—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement
    • C09K8/467—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement containing additives for specific purposes
    • C09K8/487—Fluid loss control additives; Additives for reducing or preventing circulation loss

Definitions

  • the subject disclosure relates to preventing or reducing cementing operation failure using a quality control and quality assurance process.
  • Drilling a well may require the use of a mud.
  • Cementing or plugging a well can require pumping chemical wash, spacer and settable compositions, for example, cement slurry, resin, or geopolymers, to ensure proper isolation of the annulus between the casing and the formation.
  • completion fluids may be required; production can be improved during acidizing or fracturing operations; sand control can also be achieved by injecting optimized fluid containing sand.
  • Fluid properties injected into subterranean zones need to be optimized based on well configuration (temperature, pressure, deviation, etc.) and customer requirements. For example, in cement slurry, retarder concentration is adjusted to allow placement of the fluid in the annulus and to minimize waiting on cement time. This mainly depends on well configuration (temperature, pressure, etc.) and operation constraints (pumping time, etc.).
  • cement slurry is placed across a permeable formation under pressure, a filtration process occurs. The aqueous phase of the slurry escapes into the formation, leaving the cement particles behind. Such a process is commonly known as fluid loss. If fluid loss is not controlled, several serious consequences may result that can lead to cement-job failure.
  • the concentration of the fluid loss additive is dictated based on well configuration (temperature, slurry density and therefore slurry volume fraction, etc.), but also on customer requirements (API fluid loss, etc.).
  • gelling agents and cross linkers are added at a specific concentration to control the fluid rheology in order to suspend the proppant. Concentrations will depend on the temperature, fluid density, pumping time, etc.
  • a method for pumping a pre-determined fluid mixture with a composition having a high degree of accuracy into a subterranean formation includes: comparing a plurality of ingredients to a library of ingredients and adjusting the one or a plurality of ingredients to match ingredients from the library of ingredients; generating a fluid mixture with the one or a plurality of ingredients for pumping into the subterranean formation; comparing with an analytical device the fluid mixture concentration to a target concentration and adjusting the fluid mixture to match the target concentration; and pumping the fluid mixture into the subterranean formation.
  • FIG. 1 is a method for automated QA/QC for fault detection and remediation in cementing jobs with capillary electrophoresis (CE);
  • Fig. 2A depicts CE analysis of cement retarders
  • Fig. 2B depicts CE analysis of cement multi-functional additives
  • Fig. 2C depicts CE analysis of cement dispersants. Fig. 2C also shows a zoom of the mid-section from 3-5 minutes;
  • FIG. 3 A depicts a calibration curve for a retarder
  • Fig. 3B depicts a calibration curve for a major and minor constituent (inset) of a multifunctional additive
  • Fig. 4A and 4B depicts mix-fluid analysis where fluids are prepared by mixing individual additives in 1 : 1 : 1 ratio.
  • Methods and systems of the subject disclosure can be applied to reservoir fluids, large scale manufacturing fluids, remediation fluids, disposal fluids, and the like, as well as additives which include cement additives, contaminants and other ingredients of such fluids.
  • the subject disclosure relates to preventing or reducing cementing operation failure using a quality control and quality assurance process which can perform auto fault detection and suggest remedial action without or minimal human intervention.
  • methods are disclosed for automated quality assurance fault detection and automated methods for remedial actions to improve a faulty mix fluid to a pumpable slurry while using capillary electrophoresis and/or other analytical methods which analyze the mix fluid composition prepared for oilfield cementing applications.
  • Capillary electrophoresis used to determine a concentration of an ingredient in the sample of a well fluid is disclosed in WIPO Publication No. : 2015/167627, filed January 20, 2015, the contents of which are herein incorporated by reference.
  • the concentration of one or more selected additives present in the mix fluids are determined. Real time quality control and quality assurance can be provided on the rig. Further, the concentration of each additive may be adjusted to fit the formulation designed in the laboratory and for field deployment.
  • the subject disclosure relates to analyzing in-situ and in quasi real-time the composition of the mix fluid while being pumped in subterranean zones. It is based on capillary electrophoresis and does not require the addition of tracers inside the additive. Based on the significance of each additive on the slurry properties, a decision can be made to determine the concentration of all or a limited number (including only one) of the additives present in the mix fluid.
  • This methodology is also applicable to determining the composition of water used to prepare the mix fluid.
  • the methods and systems of the subject disclosure can be used to QA/QC the composition of each batch of additives. Solid additives are dissolved prior to the analysis.
  • the subject disclosure relates to quantifying the type, concentration and contamination of additives specific to cementing operations.
  • fluids can be prepared in different ways.
  • fluids can be prepared in a batch mix.
  • solid additives can be dissolved and liquid additives can be diluted in the water.
  • the amount of water and of each additive can be added to correspond to the concentration determined in the laboratory.
  • This mix fluid can then be used to prepare the fluid pumped in subterranean zones, for example, the cement slurry.
  • Mix fluids can be prepared in different ways. One method is to prepare a sufficient amount of mix fluid in a separate pit tank, as for the batch mix slurry described previously. The concentration of each additive corresponds to the formulation designed in the laboratory by adding the exact amount of each additive in the corresponding amount of water. The final fluid (for example cement slurry) is prepared continuously by mixing the amount of mix fluid with the corresponding amount of solid blends.
  • Mix fluid can also be prepared continuously during mixing using a Liquid Additive System.
  • additives are added automatically or manually inside a first tank to obtain the desired concentration in the mix fluid.
  • the mix fluid Once the mix fluid is prepared in a first tank, it can be used to prepare the fluid to be pumped in subterranean zones. While the first mix fluid is used, a second mix fluid is prepared using the same method in a separate tank. When the first tank is empty, slurry can be prepared by using the mix fluid prepared in the second tank. The empty first tank can then be used to prepare a new mix fluid.
  • By alternating the mix fluid preparation in two separate tanks it is possible to pump large volumes of slurry continuously.
  • each tank can last less than two minutes.
  • the additives are injected automatically in a water stream, which is then used to prepare the slurry (cement or fracturing fluids).
  • additives are added in water to correct the properties of the final slurry. Indeed, additives can be added in the solid phase, the blend being prepared for an expected situation. However, the quality of the field blend can vary with the composition of pilot blends. Furthermore, once drilled, field parameters might have changed (such as bottomhole temperature). Addition of supplementary additives can correct the initial slurry to take into account either quality difference between pilot and field blends and/or to accommodate small variations of given parameters (such as bottomhole conditions).
  • an automated QA/QC through fault detection and remedial action by sampling the mix fluid, and analyzing the additive and/or cement slurry concentration through capillary electrophoresis or any other portable analytical device is described.
  • CE is highly sensitive and easy to operate.
  • This unit can be miniaturized to accommodate it onto a well site laboratory or can be purchased commercially to perform routine laboratory analysis at onsite laboratories or commercial analytical laboratories.
  • the benefits of the methods and systems of the subject disclosure include: 1) a single technique for the analysis of different types of additives; 2) a single method can be used to analyze all types of ion; 3) use of specific components in individual additives to monitor concentration; 4) minimal to no sample preparation; 5) easy to operate; and 7) the methods can be deployed to the field or rig-side to perform on-site analysis.
  • Additives that can be analyzed through this CE technique contain at least one component soluble in the solvent of interest.
  • This automated QA/QC of additives can be used in various fluids, which are not limited to: drilling fluids, spacer, settable composition (including cement and resins), completion fluid, acidification fluids, fracturing fluid, sand control fluids, or any other fluids which are pumped into subterranean zones.
  • Additives can act as anti-foamer, defoamer, dispersant, accelerator, retarder, fluid loss additives, gas migration additives, corrosion inhibitors, acids, gelling agent, crosslinkers, breakers, surfactants, ions, etc.
  • Fig. 1 depicts an automated QA/QC gate process for fault detection and remedial action.
  • the additives fail the QA/QC test against the inventory library then additives will be removed and replaced with a correct additive.
  • pumping will start. With this process we can eliminate the failures in cementing jobs.
  • the whole QA/QC process for error free cement slurry preparation is divided into three major stages and each stage is controlled by gate analysis, where the suitability of individual additives or mix-fluids are analyzed before proceeding to the next stage.
  • the additive testing stage (Stage 1), individual additives will be analyzed for their purity or in other words extent of contaminants and the type of contaminants in them. Based on the analyzed/measured data obtained here such as type and quantity of contaminants it will be determined whether the process can proceed to the next step. The additives may be qualified against the 'fingerprints' pre-determined for each additive. If all the additives pass the QA/QC at gate 1, then the process proceeds to the mix-fluid preparation stage (Stage 2). If any one of the additives fails the QA/QC (the extent and type of contaminants is not within the tolerance limits of the design), then before moving to Stage 2, additives will be obtained with improved quality and rechecked at gate 1.
  • stage 2 the mix fluid will be prepared and at gate 2 it will be qualified against a lab design.
  • the program and process would inform the operator if the prepared mix-fluid met the design requirements or not. If the mix-fluid did not meet the design requirements the process would indicate which additive or additives were causing an issue.
  • the system would alert the operator about the design failure and suggest a remedial action in order to proceed through gate 2 to cement slurry preparation (Stage 3).
  • the mix-fluid is added to the cement to make the slurry.
  • the cement slurry will be tested for the consistency of design parameters. Failing to meet the design requirements at this stage would alert the operator to stop the job and suggest a remedial action.
  • pumping will be allowed to start. With this process we can eliminate the failures in cementing jobs including CLIPs.
  • the methods of the subject disclosure were tested with different types of cement additives at the Gate 1 stage as presented in Fig.2. As can be seen the individual additives comprise a range of different chemicals with different retention time and response. Depending on the interaction with the UV tracer in the CE buffer, individual components may have either a negative or positive response without affecting the quantitative response. As part of the CE buffer design the UV tracer can also be optimized to enhance response factors.
  • the QA/QC process at each gate is completed in less than 10 minutes, but can be reduced by changing the parameters of the technique used for detection, for example, in the CE various parameters e.g. voltage, flow, capillary length, buffer pH etc. can be tuned to reduce the analysis time. At the same time, separation can be improved by changing the size and type of the capillary, and inducing gradient of voltage during the analysis.
  • various parameters e.g. voltage, flow, capillary length, buffer pH etc.
  • separation can be improved by changing the size and type of the capillary, and inducing gradient of voltage during the analysis.
  • Figs. 4A and 4B presents the different types of mix-fluid analysis at Gate 2 of the process.
  • Fig. 4A shows the separation of a mixture of three proprietary retarders
  • Fig. 4B shows the separation of three different types of additives - dispersants, a retarder, and a multifunctional additive - in a single mix.
  • Also methods of the subject disclosure can be used to retro-control the pumps injecting the additives in the mix fluids based on resultant mix fluid composition and field requirements. For example, the rig mix-fluid composition is compared to the designed mix-fluid composition. If the concentration of one or several additives are lower than expected, the pump can be activated automatically or manually to add the needed amount of additive. If the concentration(s) of one or several additives are higher than expected, more carrier fluid (usually water) can be added, as well as the other additives in order to meet the required composition.
  • carrier fluid usually water
  • processor may include a computer system.
  • the computer system may also include a computer processor (e.g., a microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor, or general purpose computer) for executing any of the methods and processes described above.
  • a computer processor e.g., a microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor, or general purpose computer
  • the computer system may further include a memory such as a semiconductor memory device (e.g., a RAM, ROM, PROM, EEPROM, or Flash-Programmable RAM), a magnetic memory device (e.g., a diskette or fixed disk), an optical memory device (e.g., a CD-ROM), a PC card (e.g., PCMCIA card), or other memory device.
  • a semiconductor memory device e.g., a RAM, ROM, PROM, EEPROM, or Flash-Programmable RAM
  • a magnetic memory device e.g., a diskette or fixed disk
  • an optical memory device e.g., a CD-ROM
  • PC card e.g., PCMCIA card
  • the computer program logic may be embodied in various forms, including a source code form or a computer executable form.
  • Source code may include a series of computer program instructions in a variety of programming languages (e.g., an object code, an assembly language, or a high-level language such as C, C++, or JAVA).
  • Such computer instructions can be stored in a non-transitory computer readable medium (e.g., memory) and executed by the computer processor.
  • the computer instructions may be distributed in any form as a removable storage medium with accompanying printed or electronic documentation (e.g., shrink wrapped software), preloaded with a computer system (e.g., on system ROM or fixed disk), or distributed from a server or electronic bulletin board over a communication system (e.g., the Internet or World Wide Web).
  • a removable storage medium with accompanying printed or electronic documentation (e.g., shrink wrapped software), preloaded with a computer system (e.g., on system ROM or fixed disk), or distributed from a server or electronic bulletin board over a communication system (e.g., the Internet or World Wide Web).
  • a communication system e.g., the Internet or World Wide Web
  • the processor may include discrete electronic components coupled to a printed circuit board, integrated circuitry (e.g., Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC)), and/or programmable logic devices (e.g., a Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA)). Any of the methods and processes described above can be implemented using such logic devices.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Arrays

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de pompage d'un mélange fluide prédéterminé dont la composition présente un degré élevé de précision dans une formation souterraine. Le procédé comprend: la comparaison d'une pluralité d'ingrédients à une banque d'ingrédients et l'ajustement de l'ingrédient ou des ingrédients afin qu'ils correspondent aux ingrédients provenant de la banque d'ingrédients; la génération d'un mélange fluide avec l'ingrédient ou les ingrédients à des fins de pompage dans la formation souterraine; la comparaison avec un dispositif analytique de la concentration du mélange fluide à une concentration cible et l'ajustement du mélange fluide afin qu'il corresponde à la concentration cible; et le pompage du mélange fluide dans la formation souterraine.
PCT/US2017/058672 2016-10-28 2017-10-27 Système de contrôle qualité automatisé pour additifs de ciment, fluides de mélange et suspensions WO2018081506A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US201662414432P 2016-10-28 2016-10-28
US62/414,432 2016-10-28

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WO2018081506A1 true WO2018081506A1 (fr) 2018-05-03

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110002775A (zh) * 2019-03-20 2019-07-12 安徽海螺集团有限责任公司 用于水泥生产质量控制的一体化智能质量控制系统
CN115340858A (zh) * 2022-07-12 2022-11-15 大庆亿莱检验检测技术服务有限公司 一种适用于水敏储层的防膨驱替液及其制备方法
US11941128B2 (en) 2017-03-28 2024-03-26 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Indirect diagnosis of multiple fluid mixer unit performance

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100059226A1 (en) * 2008-09-09 2010-03-11 Tetra Technologies, Inc. Method of Delivering Frac Fluid and Additives
US20100224365A1 (en) * 2009-03-06 2010-09-09 Carlos Abad Method of treating a subterranean formation and forming treatment fluids using chemo-mathematical models and process control
WO2010125327A1 (fr) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Procédé de sélection d'un ciment de trou de forage ayant des caractéristiques souhaitables
WO2015167627A1 (fr) * 2014-04-30 2015-11-05 Services Petroliers Schlumberger Analyse simultanée de plusieurs constituants dans des fluides de puits
WO2016032438A1 (fr) * 2014-08-26 2016-03-03 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Systèmes et procédés d'analyse des caractéristiques et compositions d'additifs de ciment

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100059226A1 (en) * 2008-09-09 2010-03-11 Tetra Technologies, Inc. Method of Delivering Frac Fluid and Additives
US20100224365A1 (en) * 2009-03-06 2010-09-09 Carlos Abad Method of treating a subterranean formation and forming treatment fluids using chemo-mathematical models and process control
WO2010125327A1 (fr) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Procédé de sélection d'un ciment de trou de forage ayant des caractéristiques souhaitables
WO2015167627A1 (fr) * 2014-04-30 2015-11-05 Services Petroliers Schlumberger Analyse simultanée de plusieurs constituants dans des fluides de puits
WO2016032438A1 (fr) * 2014-08-26 2016-03-03 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Systèmes et procédés d'analyse des caractéristiques et compositions d'additifs de ciment

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11941128B2 (en) 2017-03-28 2024-03-26 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Indirect diagnosis of multiple fluid mixer unit performance
CN110002775A (zh) * 2019-03-20 2019-07-12 安徽海螺集团有限责任公司 用于水泥生产质量控制的一体化智能质量控制系统
CN115340858A (zh) * 2022-07-12 2022-11-15 大庆亿莱检验检测技术服务有限公司 一种适用于水敏储层的防膨驱替液及其制备方法

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