WO2018077948A1 - VERFAHREN ZUM SCHWEIßEN EINES POLYOLEFIN-KUNSTSTOFFES MIT EINEM WEITEREN KUNSTSTOFF - Google Patents

VERFAHREN ZUM SCHWEIßEN EINES POLYOLEFIN-KUNSTSTOFFES MIT EINEM WEITEREN KUNSTSTOFF Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018077948A1
WO2018077948A1 PCT/EP2017/077306 EP2017077306W WO2018077948A1 WO 2018077948 A1 WO2018077948 A1 WO 2018077948A1 EP 2017077306 W EP2017077306 W EP 2017077306W WO 2018077948 A1 WO2018077948 A1 WO 2018077948A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plastic
primer
welding
mol
maleic anhydride
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2017/077306
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hendrik Lützen
Pablo Walter
Thomas Härtig
Dirk Kasper
Christian Klug
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel AG and Co KGaA filed Critical Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Priority to JP2019523102A priority Critical patent/JP2019532850A/ja
Priority to CN201780066554.3A priority patent/CN109890597A/zh
Priority to KR1020197014734A priority patent/KR20190082240A/ko
Publication of WO2018077948A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018077948A1/de
Priority to US16/385,147 priority patent/US20190240919A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/12—Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives
    • C08J5/121—Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives by heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/026—Chemical pre-treatments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined the composition of one of the parts to be joined being different from the composition of the other part
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D123/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D123/26—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D167/00—Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/002—Priming paints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
    • C09J5/02—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers involving pretreatment of the surfaces to be joined
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
    • C09J5/06—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers involving heating of the applied adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/04—Dielectric heating, e.g. high-frequency welding, i.e. radio frequency welding of plastic materials having dielectric properties, e.g. PVC
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/72—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by combined operations or combined techniques, e.g. welding and stitching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2025/00—Use of polymers of vinyl-aromatic compounds or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2025/04—Polymers of styrene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2033/00—Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2033/04—Polymers of esters
    • B29K2033/12—Polymers of methacrylic acid esters, e.g. PMMA, i.e. polymethylmethacrylate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2055/00—Use of specific polymers obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of main groups B29K2023/00 - B29K2049/00, e.g. having a vinyl group, as moulding material
    • B29K2055/02—ABS polymers, i.e. acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B29K2067/003—PET, i.e. poylethylene terephthalate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B29K2067/006—PBT, i.e. polybutylene terephthalate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2069/00—Use of PC, i.e. polycarbonates or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2701/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2701/12—Thermoplastic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2423/00—Presence of polyolefin
    • C09J2423/006—Presence of polyolefin in the substrate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2451/00—Presence of graft polymer
    • C09J2451/003—Presence of graft polymer in the primer coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2467/00—Presence of polyester
    • C09J2467/003—Presence of polyester in the primer coating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for welding a polyolefin plastic with a plastic using a primer, wherein the primer contains at least one maleic anhydride-containing polymer and at least one polyester. Moreover, the present invention relates to welded products accordingly.
  • plastics such as polyethylene (PE), polyacrylates or polyamide (PA).
  • PE polyethylene
  • PA polyacrylates
  • plastics can also be welded together. Welding is a joining process for a non-detachable, materially physical connection of generally similar plastics, such as PE with PE or PA with PA.
  • Identical thermoplastic materials are those polymers which do not differ significantly in terms of their molecular structure, their melting temperature, the melt viscosity and their thermal expansion coefficient and are basically miscible with one another. In most cases, plastics of the same type are plastics of identical polymer base or identical plastics.
  • an adhesive method is that the final strength of the compound is reached only after a long period of time, which can be up to several weeks. Furthermore, the bonding of low-energy surfaces usually requires a complex pretreatment of the joining partners. In addition, an adhesive bond is often not indefinitely stable due to the external weather. In addition, the provision of a clean adhesive bond is often complicated and time consuming. Thus, the connection by means of a welding process for plastics is the cleanest, fastest and simplest solution.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to find a simple method for welding a polyolefin plastic with a second plastic.
  • the connection between these different plastics through the weld should be as stable and durable as possible.
  • this object is achieved by a method for welding a polyolefin plastic with a second plastic using a primer, wherein the primer at least one maleic anhydride-containing polymer, in particular at least one maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin polymer, and at least one polyester , in particular at least one copolyester.
  • a primer containing at least one maleic anhydride-containing polymer in particular at least one maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin polymer, and at least one polyester, preferably at least one copolyester, could when welding a polyolefin plastic with a plastic particularly stable, cohesive connections between the Plastics are obtained.
  • the first joining partner for welding using a primer is a polyolefin plastic, in particular a thermoplastic polyolefin plastic.
  • a polyolefin plastic is based on polyolefinic polymers, such as homo- and copolymers of alpha-olefins.
  • the polyolefinic polymers can be selected from the group consisting of poly-alpha-olefin homopolymers based on ethylene, propylene and / or butylene, in particular homopolymers of ethylene or propylene, and poly-alpha-olefin copolymers based on ethene, propene , 1-butene, 1-hexene and 1-octene, especially ethylene / alpha-olefin and propylene / alpha-olefin copolymers, preferably copolymers of ethylene or propene with 1-butene, 1-hexene, 1- Octene, or a combination thereof.
  • the polyolefin plastics are selected from polyethylene (in particular high-density / HD-polyethylene, medium-density / MD-polyethylene, low-density / LD-polyethylene, ultra high molecular weight / UHMW-polyethylene and linear low-density / LLD-polyethylene, preferably HD-polyethylene, MD-polyethylene or LD-polyethylene) and polypropylene plastics.
  • the polyolefin plastic is a polyethylene plastic or polypropylene plastic, more preferably a polypropylene plastic.
  • the polyolefin polymers in particular polypropylene polymers, a weight average molecular weight (weight average Mw) of greater than 10,000 g / mol, in particular greater than 20,000 g / mol, preferably greater than 50,000 g / mol, more preferably greater than 100,000 g / mol.
  • the polyolefin polymers, in particular polypropylene polymers preferably have a weight average molecular weight (weight average Mw) of less than 2,000,000 g / mol, in particular less than 1,000,000 g / mol, preferably less than 500,000 g / mol.
  • Particularly preferred polyethylene polymers have a weight average molecular weight (weight average Mw) of 50,000 g / mol to 1,000,000 g / mol, in particular from 200,000 g / mol to 500,000 g / mol.
  • Other preferred polyethylene polymers UHMW-PE polymers
  • UHMW-PE polymers have a weight average molecular weight of more than 2,000,000 g / mol, in particular from 4,000 to 6,000,000 g / mol.
  • Particularly preferred polyolefin polymers, in particular polypropylene polymers have weight-average molar masses (weight average Mw) of 50,000 g / mol to 250,000 g / mol.
  • the polyolefin plastics in particular polypropylene plastics may also contain other components, for example fillers, such as natural fibers or glass fibers, pigments, dyes, rheology aids, mold release agents or stabilizers.
  • the polyolefin plastic in particular polyethylene and / or polypropylene plastic, preferably polypropylene plastic to more than 80 wt .-%, in particular more than 90 wt .-%, preferably more than 98 wt .-% of the said polyolefin polymers, in particular the said polyethylene and / or polypropylene polymers, preferably polypropylene polymers, in each case based on the polymer content of the polyolefin plastic (total polyolefin plastic without fillers).
  • the polyolefin plastic preferably polypropylene plastic to more than 50 wt .-%, in particular more than 70 wt .-%, preferably more than 90 wt .-%, preferably more than 95 wt .-%, particularly preferably more than 98% by weight of said polyolefin polymer, in particular polypropylene, in each case based on the total polyolefin plastic (with fillers).
  • polyethylene and / or polypropylene plastic preferably polypropylene plastic
  • polypropylene plastic consists of 10 to 80 wt .-%, in particular 30 to 50 wt .-% of said polyolefin polymers, in particular the mentioned polyethylene and / or polypropylene polymers, preferably polypropylene polymers, each based on the total polyolefin plastic (with fillers). This is particularly preferred for polyolefin plastics filled with natural fibers.
  • a preferred polyolefin plastic in particular polyethylene and / or polypropylene plastic, is preferred
  • Polypropylene plastic contains 20 to 80 wt .-%, in particular 50 to 70 wt .-% fibers, in particular natural fibers, based on the total polyolefin plastic (with fillers).
  • the second joining partner for welding using a primer is another plastic.
  • the plastics to be joined or the polymers on which these plastics are based can be selected from the following: polyoxyalkylenes, polycarbonates (PC), polyesters such as polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyolefins such as polyethylene or polypropylene, poly (poly) meth) acrylates, polyamides, vinylaromatic (co) polymers such as polystyrene, impact-modified polystyrene such as HI-PS, or SAN, ASA, ABS or AES polymers, polyarylene ethers such as polyphenylene ether (PPE), polysulfones, polyphenylene sulfides (PPS), Polyurethanes, polylactides, halogen-containing polymers such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), imid weakness Georgia polymers, cellulose esters, silicone polymers and thermoplastic elasto
  • thermoplastics materials for the plastic molded parts. These mixtures may be a single or multi-phase polymer blend.
  • the molded parts to be joined together may consist of identical or different thermoplastics or thermoplastic blends; the plastics preferably have a thermoplastic polymer as the main component, in particular more than 30% by weight, in particular more than 60% by weight, preferably more than 70 wt .-%, preferably more than 90 wt .-%, more preferably more than 95 wt .-% of this one thermoplastic polymer, each based on the polymer content of the plastic, in each case based on the total plastic (with fillers).
  • the second plastic is selected from polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polystyrene (PS), poly-styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN ), Poly-acrylic ester-styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA), methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (MABS), high impact polystyrene (HIPS), polyamide (PA) or mixtures thereof.
  • PC polycarbonate
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • PS polystyrene
  • SAN poly-styrene-acrylonitrile
  • ASA Poly-acrylic ester-s
  • the second joining partner is made of a plastic, which differs from the plastic of the first joining partner in the composition and / or properties.
  • the second plastic is different from the first polyolefin plastic.
  • the second plastic is not a polyethylene or polypropylene plastic, preferably no polyolefin plastic.
  • Suitable as second plastics to be joined are, for example, polyamide plastics.
  • the polyamide plastic is preferably a thermoplastic polyamide.
  • the amide-based thermoplastics include, for example, polyamide 6, a homopolymer of epsilon-caprolactam (polycaprolactam); Polyamide 1 1, a polycondensate of 1 1 -aminoundecanoic acid (poly-1 1 -aminoundecanamide); Polyamide 12, a homopolymer of omega- Laurin lactam (polylaurolactam); Polyamide 6.6, a homopolycondensate of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid (polyhexamethylene adipamide); Polyamide 6.10, a homopolycondensate of hexamethylenediamine and sebacic acid (polyhexamethylene sebacamide); Polyamide 6.12 is a homopolycondensate of hexamethylenediamine and dodecane
  • polyhexamethylenedodecanamide or polyamide 6-3-T, a homopolycondensate of trimethylhexamethylenediamine and terephthalic acid (polytrimethylhexamethylene terephthalamide), poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) or poly (m-phenylene terephthalamide) of phenylenediamine and terephthalic acid, polyphthalamide PPA from various diamines and terephthalic acid and mixtures thereof.
  • Optically transparent polyamides include microcrystalline polyamides containing linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and cycloaliphatic diamines, amorphous polyamides containing linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and cycloaliphatic diamines and optionally lactams or aminocarboxylic acids containing amorphous polyamides containing terephthalic acid and cycloaliphatic or branched aliphatic diamines and optionally lactams or aminocarboxylic acids or amorphous polyamides Isophthalic acid and cycloaliphatic or linear or branched aliphatic diamines and optionally lactams or aminocarboxylic acids.
  • Suitable optically transparent polyamides are, for example, amides of dodecanedioic acid and a mixture of isomers of 4,4'-bis (aminocyclohexyl) methane, from terephthalic acid and the isomer mixture of 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylenediamine, from dodecanedioic acid and Isomer mixture of 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-bis (aminocyclohexyl) methane, from laurolactam, isophthalic acid and the isomer mixture of 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-bis (aminocyclohexyl) methane or from tetradecanedioic acid and the isomer mixture of 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-bis (aminocyclohexyl) methane or from epsilon-caprolactam or omega-laurolactam.
  • Preferred polyamides are selected from the group consisting of polyamide 6, polyamide 6.6, polyamide 6.10, polyamide 6.12, polyamide 10.10, polyamide 1 1, polyamide 12, polyamide 10.12, polyphthalamides, optical transparent polyamides or mixtures based on these polyamides.
  • Particularly preferred polyamides are selected from polyamide 6, polyamide 6.6, polyamide 12, polyphthalamides, optically transparent polyamides and mixtures thereof, in particular polyamide 6, polyamide 6.6 and mixtures thereof.
  • polyoxyalkylene homopolymers or copolymers in particular (co) polyoxymethylene (POM).
  • POM polyoxymethylene
  • the homopolymers are generally prepared by polymerization of formaldehyde or trioxane, preferably in the presence of suitable catalysts. Preference is given to polyoxymethylene copolymers and polyoxymethylene terpolymers.
  • the preferred polyoxymethylene (co) polymers have melting points of at least 150 ° C and weight average Mole masses (weight average Mw) in the range of 5000 to 200000 g / mol, preferably from 7000 to 150000 g / mol. End-group stabilized polyoxymethylene polymers which have C-C bonds at the chain ends are particularly preferred. In a further embodiment, in particular hydroxyl-terminated polyoxymethylene polymers are preferred.
  • Polyarylene ethers are preferably to be understood as meaning both polyarylene ethers per se, polyarylene ether sulfides, polyarylene ether sulfones or polyarylene ether ketones.
  • Their arylene groups may be the same or different and independently of one another represent an aromatic radical having 6 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • suitable arylene radicals are phenylene, biphenylene, terphenylene, 1, 5-naphthylene, 1, 6-naphthylene, 1, 5-anthrylene, 9, 10-anthrylene or 2,6-anthrylene. Of these, preferred are 1,4-phenylene and 4,4'-biphenylene.
  • these aromatic radicals are not substituted. However, they can carry one or more substituents.
  • the second plastic may be a polyester plastic.
  • Suitable polyester plastics are also known per se and described in the literature.
  • Preferred polyester plastics include a polyester having an aromatic ring in the main chain derived from an aromatic dicarboxylic acid.
  • the aromatic ring may also be substituted, for. B. by halogen such as chlorine or bromine or by C 1 -C 4 -alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, i or n-propyl or n-, i- or t-butyl groups.
  • the polyesters can be prepared by reacting aromatic dicarboxylic acids, their esters or other ester-forming derivatives thereof with aliphatic dihydroxy compounds in a manner known per se.
  • Preferred dicarboxylic acids are naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, ortho-phthalic acid, terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid or mixtures thereof. Up to 30 mol% of the aromatic dicarboxylic acids can be replaced by aliphatic or cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid and cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid.
  • diols having 2 to 8 carbon atoms in particular 1, 2-ethanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol, 1, 4-hexanediol, 1, 4-cyclohexanedimethylol and neopentyl glycol or mixtures thereof are preferred.
  • Particularly preferred polyesters are polyalkylene terephthalates derived from alkanediols having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • the polyester plastics are preferably selected from the group of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene naphthalate and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) plastics and mixtures thereof, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) plastics and mixtures thereof.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • the polyester plastics may also contain other components, for example fillers, such as glass fibers, pigments, mineral particles, dyes, rheological aids, Demoulding aids or stabilizers.
  • the polyester plastic is more than 40 wt .-%, in particular more than 60 wt .-%, preferably more than 70 wt .-%, preferably more than 90 wt .-% of said polyesters, respectively based on the entire polyester plastic (with fillers).
  • the polyester plastic is more than 90 wt .-%, in particular more than 95 wt .-%, preferably more than 98 wt .-% of said polyesters, in each case based on the polymer content of the polyester plastic (total Plastic without fillers).
  • the polyester plastics preferably have a content of said polyesters, in particular of polyethylene terephthalate and / or polybutylene terephthalate, of 50-100% by weight, in particular 90-100% by weight, in each case based on the total polyester plastic (with fillers).
  • the second plastic is a polycarbonate plastic.
  • Polycarbonate plastics are preferably thermoplastics which can be formally described as polyesters of carbonic acid.
  • the preparation of polycarbonates can be carried out in principle by polycondensation of phosgene with diols, preferably bisphenols.
  • Preferred polycarbonates are aromatic polycarbonates.
  • Aromatic polycarbonates are those which are made up of at least one aromatic monomer.
  • Preferred polycarbonate plastics are bisphenol, especially bisphenol A and bisphenol F based polycarbonate plastics.
  • the diol component is preferably 50% by weight, in particular 70% by weight, preferably 90% by weight, preferably 100% by weight, of bisphenol, in particular bisphenol A and / or Bisphenol F.
  • the polycarbonate plastics may also contain other components, e.g. Fillers, such as glass fibers, pigments, mineral particles, dyes, rheology aids, mold release agents or stabilizers.
  • Fillers such as glass fibers, pigments, mineral particles, dyes, rheology aids, mold release agents or stabilizers.
  • the polycarbonate plastic consists of more than 40 wt .-%, in particular more than 60 wt .-%, preferably more than 70 wt .-%, preferably more than 90 wt .-% of said polycarbonates, respectively based on the total polycarbonate plastic (with fillers).
  • the polycarbonate plastic is more than 90 wt .-%, in particular more than 95 wt .-%, preferably more than 98 wt .-% of said polycarbonates, each based on the polymer content of the polycarbonate plastic (total Plastic without fillers).
  • the polycarbonate plastics have a content of said polycarbonates of 50 to 100 wt .-%, in particular 90 to 100 wt .-%, in each case based on the total polycarbonate plastic (with fillers).
  • the second plastic contains at least one vinylaromatic polymer, in particular copolymer, of monomers selected from styrene, chlorostyrene, alpha-methylstyrene and para-methylstyrene.
  • the vinyl aromatic copolymers preferably not more than 20 wt .-%, especially not more than 8 wt .-%) and comonomers such as (meth) acrylonitrile or (meth) acrylic acid esters, such as (Methyl) methacrylate, to be involved in the construction.
  • Very particularly preferred vinylaromatic polymers are MABS, SAN, ASA, ABS and AES polymers
  • MABS (methyl) methacrylate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
  • SAN styrene-acrylonitrile
  • ASA acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic ester
  • ABS Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
  • AES acrylonitrile-EPDM rubber-styrene).
  • These impact-resistant vinyl aromatic polymers contain at least one rubber-elastic graft polymer and a thermoplastic polymer (matrix polymer).
  • the matrix material is generally based on a styrene / acrylonitrile polymer (SAN).
  • graft polymers which, as rubber, are a diene rubber based on dienes, such as, for example, diene rubber.
  • diene rubber based on dienes
  • ABS butadiene or isoprene
  • an alkyl acrylate rubber based on alkyl esters of acrylic acid such as n-butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate
  • an EPDM rubber based on ethylene, propylene and a diene or mixtures of these rubbers or rubber monomers are examples of these rubbers or rubber monomers.
  • the weight-average molecular weight of these vinylaromatic polymers is in particular from 1500 to 2 000 000 g / mol, preferably from 70 000 to 1 000 000 g / mol.
  • the second plastic is selected from SMMA, SAN, ASA, ABS and AES plastics, in particular ABS plastics.
  • the second plastic containing vinylaromatic polymers may also contain other components, e.g. Fillers, such as glass fibers, pigments, mineral particles, dyes, rheology aids, mold release agents or stabilizers.
  • Fillers such as glass fibers, pigments, mineral particles, dyes, rheology aids, mold release agents or stabilizers.
  • the second plastic in particular the SAN, ASA, ABS and AES plastic to more than 40 wt .-%, in particular more than 60 wt .-%, preferably more than 70 wt .-%, preferably to more than 90 wt .-% of said vinyl aromatic polymers, each based on the total plastic (with fillers).
  • the second plastic is more than 90 wt .-%, in particular more than 95 wt .-%, preferably more than 98 wt .-% of said vinyl aromatic polymers, in particular SAN, ASA, ABS and / or AES polymers, in each case based on the polymer content of the plastic (total plastic without fillers).
  • the second plastic preferably has a content of vinylaromatic polymers of 60-100% by weight, in particular 80-100% by weight, in each case based on the total plastic (with fillers).
  • the second plastic contains a mixture of at least one polycarbonate and at least one vinylaromatic polymer, preferably the mentioned above.
  • this mixture contains more of a polycarbonate than the vinyl aromatic polymers, in particular SMMA, SAN, ASA, ABS and / or AES, preferably ABS.
  • the second plastic containing a mixture of at least one polycarbonate and at least one vinyl aromatic polymer may also contain other components, e.g. Fillers, such as glass fibers, pigments, mineral particles, dyes, rheology aids, mold release agents or stabilizers.
  • the second plastic is more than 40 wt .-%, in particular more than 60 wt .-%, preferably more than 70 wt .-%, preferably more than 90 wt .-% of said mixture of at least one Polycarbonate and at least one vinyl aromatic polymer, in each case based on the total plastic (with fillers).
  • the second plastic to more than 90 wt .-%, in particular more than 95 wt .-%, preferably more than 98 wt .-% of said mixture of at least one polycarbonate and at least one vinyl aromatic polymer, each based on the polymer content of the plastic (total plastic without fillers).
  • the second plastic preferably has a polymer content of the mixture of at least one polycarbonate and at least one vinylaromatic polymer of 50-90% by weight, in particular 60-80% by weight, in each case based on the total plastic (with fillers).
  • the second plastic comprises a mixture of at least one polycarbonate and at least one polyester, preferably the above-mentioned polyester plastics.
  • the ratio of the polycarbonate, in particular of the aromatic polycarbonate, to the polyester, in particular PET and / or PBT, is preferably 50: 1 to 1:50, in particular 20: 1 to 1:20, preferably 9: 1 to 1: 9, preferably 5 : 1 to 1: 5, in each case based on the parts by weight.
  • an end-blending mixture contains more of a polycarbonate than a polyester, especially PET and / or PBT.
  • the second plastic containing a mixture of at least one polycarbonate and at least one polyester may also contain other components, for example fillers, such as glass fibers, pigments, mineral particles, dyes, rheology aids, mold release agents or stabilizers.
  • the second plastic is more than 40 wt .-%, in particular more than 60 wt .-%, preferably more than 70 wt .-%, preferably more than 90 wt .-% of said mixture of at least one Polycarbonate and at least one polyester, in each case based on the total plastic (with fillers).
  • the second plastic is more than 90 wt .-%, in particular more than 95 wt .-%, preferably more than 98 wt .-% of said mixture of at least one polycarbonate and at least one polyester, in each case based on the polymer content of the plastic (total plastic without fillers).
  • the second plastic has a polymer content of the mixture of at least one polycarbonate and at least one polyester of 50 to 90 wt .-%, in particular 60 to 80 wt .-%, in each case based on the total plastic (with fillers).
  • the second plastic contains at least one poly (meth) acrylate.
  • Poly (meth) acrylate is a synthetic, preferably transparent, thermoplastic material.
  • Preferred poly (meth) acrylates are composed of 50 to 100 wt .-%, in particular 70 to 100 wt .-% acrylate and / or methacrylate, wherein the (meth) acrylate units preferably with a C1 to C12 alkyl radical, in particular C1- C4, preferably methyl are esterified.
  • the notation poly (meth) acrylate indicates that the polymer is composed of acrylate and / or methacrylate. Respectively.
  • the notation (meth) acrylate indicates that it may be both an acrylate and a methacrylate.
  • the poly (meth) acrylate is particularly preferably a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, colloquially also acrylic glass or Plexiglas).
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • Preferred polymethyl methacrylates are composed of 50 to 100% by weight, in particular 70 to 100% by weight, of methyl methacrylate.
  • thermoplastic polymethyl methacrylate plastics have weight-average molar masses (weight average Mw) of greater than 50,000 g / mol, in particular greater than 100,000 g / mol.
  • the thermoplastic poly (meth) acrylate, in particular polymethyl methacrylate plastics have a weight-average molecular weight (weight average Mw) of less than 2,000,000 g / mol, in particular less than 1,000,000 g / mol, preferably less than 500,000 g / mol.
  • Particularly preferred thermoplastic poly (meth) acrylate, in particular polymethyl methacrylate plastics have weight average molecular weights (weight average Mw) of 50,000 g / mol to 250,000 g / mol, z. B. about 100000 g / mol to about 180000 g / mol for injection molding.
  • the primer contains at least one maleic anhydride-containing polymer, in particular a maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin polymer, and at least one polyester, in particular at least one copolyester.
  • the primer is a welding aid, which is preferably applied as a pretreatment layer on at least one of the surfaces to be welded of the substrates in the region of the joining zone.
  • the primer is not to be understood as an adhesive, cleaning agent or the like, Rather, the primer is a tool for welding, whereby the joining partners in the joining zone (or welding zone) are made compatible with each other and so in the joining zone during joining creates a material and non-positive connection between the substrates to be welded.
  • the experiments have shown that by using an appropriate primer containing the polymers according to the invention, the plastics to be joined could be compatibilized during welding in the joint seam and thus a stable and permanent connection can be achieved. Without the use of an appropriate primer, little or no strength of the welded joint could be achieved.
  • the bonded substrates preferably have a tensile strength of more than 2 MPa, in particular more than 5 MPa, preferably more than 7 MPa. Tensile strength is determined by means of a tensile speed of 5 mm / min according to the experimental procedure described in the experiments.
  • the polymer containing at least one maleic anhydride is polymers, in particular copolymers, which contain maleic anhydride groups in their skeleton or contain them in copolymerized form.
  • a maleic anhydride or maleic anhydride derivative, in particular maleic anhydride can be reacted or copolymerized into the polymer.
  • An example of a maleic anhydride derivative is 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, which comprises the relevant 5-membered anhydride group.
  • the polymers may contain the maleic anhydride groups copolymerized both in the backbone, such as in a copolymer of at least one maleic anhydride monomer and acrylate and / or alpha-olefin monomers, as well as grafted contain, such as maleic anhydride grafted polyolefins.
  • the polymer in the primer is a maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin, especially a maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and / or maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, preferably a maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene.
  • the primer preferably contains a copolymer which in addition to the maleic anhydride or maleic anhydride derivative one or more monomers selected from the group of acrylates and methacrylates (together (meth) acrylates), in particular (meth) acrylates having an alkyl radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably ethyl and butyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid and alpha olefins, especially ethylene, propene, 1-butene, 1-hexene and 1-octene, preferably ethylene contains polymerized.
  • acrylates and methacrylates in particular (meth) acrylates having an alkyl radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably ethyl and butyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid and alpha olefins, especially ethylene, propene, 1-butene, 1-hex
  • the at least one copolymer contains in copolymerized form at least one maleic anhydride (derivative), a (meth) acrylate and an alpha-olefin, preferably a maleic anhydride, a (meth) acrylate having a C 1 to C 4 alkyl radical and an ethylene or propylene.
  • the polymers containing maleic anhydride groups can be synthesized from the monomers in a known manner. In addition, these polymers may be grafted in a polymer-analogous reaction.
  • Particularly preferred reactants for grafting are alcohols, thiols, amines, isocyanates, anhydrides, carboxylic acids, in particular alcohols, preferably alcohols having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as methanol and isobutanol.
  • the maleic anhydride monomers or maleic anhydride units in the polymer can react with the reaction partner, in particular be esterified by alcohols.
  • the maleic anhydride groups react or esterify only partially, in particular less than 70% of the maleic anhydride groups. It is particularly preferred if the maleic anhydride groups are not reacted and continue to be present as anhydride groups. In the preferred embodiment, the maleic anhydride groups may also be partially hydrolyzed. Complete reaction of the maleic anhydride groups can lead to a reduction in the strength of the resulting weld joint.
  • the polymer containing at least one maleic anhydride is a maleic anhydride-containing polyolefinic polymer such as a homo- and copolymer of alpha-olefins, especially a maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefinic polymer.
  • the preferred polyolefinic polymers can be selected from the group consisting of poly-alpha-olefin homopolymers based on ethene, propene and / or butene, in particular homopolymers of ethylene or propylene, and ethene-based poly-alpha-olefin copolymers, Propene, 1-butene, 1-hexene and 1-octene, in particular ethylene / alpha-olefin and propylene / alpha-olefin copolymers, preferably copolymers of ethene or propene with 1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, or a combination of them.
  • the polyolefinic polymers can also be halogenated, in particular chlorinated.
  • chlorinated polyethylene and / or chlorinated polypropylene polymers in particular chlorinated polypropylene polymers are preferred.
  • the chlorinated polyolefins, in particular the chlorinated polyethylene and / or chlorinated polypropylene polymers preferably have a chlorine content of greater than 5% by weight, in particular greater than 10% by weight, preferably greater than 15% by weight.
  • the chlorinated polyolefins in particular the chlorinated polyethylene and / or chlorinated polypropylene polymers, preferably have a chlorine content of from 5 to 42% by weight, in particular from 10 to 40% by weight, preferably from 20 to 35% by weight.
  • the polyolefinic polymers are preferably not chlorinated, in particular not halogenated.
  • the maleic anhydride-containing polyolefinic polymers can be synthesized in a known manner.
  • the polyolefin polymers could also contain small amounts of non-alpha olefin monomers, such as styrene or acrylates.
  • the polyolefin polymers are not block copolymers.
  • the polyolefins contain less than 10% by weight, preferably less than 2 wt .-%, preferably less than 1 wt .-%, more preferably no monomers selected from styrene and acrylates, in particular non-alpha-olefin monomers.
  • the polymers could also be further grafted in a polymer-analogous reaction.
  • Particularly preferred reactants for grafting are alcohols, thiols, amines, isocyanates, anhydrides, carboxylic acids, in particular alcohols, preferably alcohols having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as methanol and isobutanol.
  • the maleic anhydride monomers or maleic anhydride units in the polymer can react with the reactant, in particular by alcohols or by amines.
  • the polymers may also be further grafted with maleic anhydride to further increase the maleic anhydride content.
  • these can be further grafted, in particular with amines, preferably diamines, in order to join them together.
  • amines preferably diamines
  • the maleic anhydride groups react only partially, in particular less than 90 mol%, preferably less than 70 mol% of the maleic anhydride groups.
  • the maleic anhydride groups are partially reacted with amines, in particular aliphatic amines, preferably aliphatic diamines, such as hexamethylenediamine.
  • the maleic anhydride groups are not reacted and are still present as anhydride groups.
  • the maleic anhydride groups may also be partially hydrolyzed. Complete reaction of the maleic anhydride groups can lead to a reduction in the strength of the resulting weld joint.
  • the polymers advantageously contain a maleic anhydride content of 0.01-15% by weight, in particular 0.02-10% by weight, preferably 0.05-5% by weight, based on the polyolefin polymer.
  • the polymers contain a maleic anhydride content of 2-15% by weight, in particular 5-10% by weight, based on the polyolefin polymer.
  • Polylolefin polymers with a corresponding maleic anhydride content have particularly good strengths of the welded connection.
  • the polymers containing maleic anhydride, in particular maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin polymers have a weight average molecular weight Mw of greater than or equal to 5000 g / mol, in particular greater than or equal to 50,000 g / mol, preferably greater than or equal 100000 g / mol.
  • the polymers preferably have a weight-average molecular weight Mw in the range from 5000 to 2000000 g / mol, in particular from 50,000 to 1,000,000 g / mol, preferably from 100,000 to 500,000 g / mol.
  • Polymers with a corresponding weight average molecular weight have a positive effect on the brittleness and strength of the compound obtained.
  • the weight average molecular weight can be determined by GPC against a polystyrene standard.
  • the primer comprises a maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin polymer, wherein the polyolefin polymer is selected according to the polyolefin plastic of the first joining partner.
  • the primer preferably contains a maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene. More preferably, the primer contains at least one maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene when welding a polypropylene plastic or maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene when welding a polyethylene plastic.
  • Particularly preferred is the combination of a maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene in the primer with a polypropylene plastic as the first joining partner.
  • the primer contains a polyester, preferably a copolyester.
  • Polyesters are obtained by reacting dicarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acid chlorides and / or anhydrides with corresponding polyfunctional alcohols, especially bifunctional alcohols. These may be reaction products of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides with aliphatic, cyclic or aromatic polyols. If at least two different carboxylic acids and / or alcohols are used, these are copolyesters. By selecting the carboxylic acids and the polyols, amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline polyesters and copolyesters can be obtained.
  • polyesters are preferably not crosslinked and preferably meltable.
  • linear polyesters are used.
  • the weight-average molecular weight of suitable polyesters should preferably be between 1500 to 100,000 g / mol, in particular between 5000 to 75,000 g / mol, preferably between 15,000 and 50,000 g / mol. (determined by GPC against a polystyrene standard).
  • the polyester is prepared from at least one aromatic carboxylic acid having 8 to 16 carbon atoms and at least one aliphatic or cycloaliphatic glycol having 2 to 10 carbon atoms as main components.
  • main component means that the at least one aromatic carboxylic acid having 8 to 16 carbon atoms and the at least one aliphatic or cycloaliphatic glycol having 2 to 10 carbon atoms at least 50 mol%, preferably at least 60 mol%, more preferably at least 65 mol% , based on the total amount of the acid component or the alcohol component.
  • Terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid or a mixture thereof is preferably used as at least one aromatic carboxylic acid having 8 to 16 carbon atoms.
  • the polyester may also contain other polybasic carboxylic acids.
  • the other polybasic carboxylic acids include ortho-phthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, decanoic acid, dimer acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, trimellitic acid, etc.
  • the alcohol component of the polyester preferably comprises at least one aliphatic or cycloaliphatic glycol having 2 to 10 carbon atoms as the main component.
  • the polyester as aliphatic or cycloaliphatic glycol having 2 to 10 carbon atoms preferably contains at least one alcohol selected from the group consisting of 3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropyl-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropanoate (HPHP), ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, Neopentyl glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol and 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol.
  • the polyester may contain polyhydric alcohols other than alcohol component.
  • polyhydric alcohols examples include 1, 2-butanediol, 1, 3-butanediol, 1, 5-pentanediol, 3-methyl-1, 5-pentanediol, hexanediol, nonanediol, dimer diol, ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide adducts of bisphenol A, Bisphenol F, polyethylene glycol, Polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol,
  • Tricyclodecanedimethanol Tricyclodecanedimethanol, neopentyl hydroxypivalic acid neopentyl glycol ester, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,5-pentanediol and trimethylolpropane.
  • polyesters contain as acid component terephthalic acid and / or isophthalic acid.
  • Particular preference is given to copolyesters which contain both terephthalic acid and / or isophthalic acid in copolymerized form, it being preferred to use more terephthalic acid than isophthalic acid.
  • the polyester used is preferably an amorphous polyester. In another preferred embodiment, the polyester used is preferably a semi-crystalline or crystalline polyester.
  • amorphous polyester describes a polyester having no melting peak in the second heating step, when heated from -100 ° C to 300 ° C at a heating rate of 10 K / min, back to -100 ° C at a cooling rate of 50 K / min and heated again from -100 ° C to 300 ° C at a heating rate of 10 K / min, using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).
  • DSC differential scanning calorimeter
  • the term “semi-crystalline or crystalline polyesters” describes polyesters which have a melting peak in one of the two heating steps.
  • the semi-crystalline or crystalline polyester has a melting peak with a maximum of 80 to 220 ° C.
  • the lower limit of the melting peak maximum is preferably 100 ° C., particularly preferably 110 ° C.
  • the upper limit of the melting peak maximum is preferably 200 ° C., particularly preferably 190 ° C. (determined by means of DSC at a heating rate of 10 K / min).
  • Corresponding polyesters are particularly well suited for applications where the welded products are exposed to higher temperatures, e.g. Temperatures of over 80 ° C, are exposed.
  • the crystalline polyester contains, based on the total amount of the alcohol component (100 mol%), at least 50 mol%, more preferably at least 55 mol%, particularly preferably at least 60 mol% of at least one alcohol selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, 1 , 3-propanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol and cyclohexanedimethanol.
  • the at least one polyester may be terminated by both acid group terminus and hydroxyl groups.
  • the primer contains at least one hydroxyl-terminated polyester, in particular a hydroxyl-terminated copolyester.
  • the primer preferably contains the polymer containing at least one maleic anhydride, in particular the preferred maleic anhydride-containing polymers, in an amount of 10 to 90 wt .-%, in particular 20 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 25 to 70 wt .-%, particularly preferably 30 to 60 wt.%, in each case based on the polymer content of the primer, in particular in each case based on the total weight of the primer ,
  • the primer contains the at least one polyester, in particular the preferred copolyesters described above, in an amount of 10 to 90 wt .-%, in particular 20 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 25 to 70 wt .-%, particularly preferably 30 to 60% by weight, in each case based on the polymer content of the primer, in particular in each case based on the total weight of the primer.
  • the primer particularly preferably contains the polymer comprising at least one maleic anhydride and the at least one polyester in a weight ratio of 5: 1 to 1: 5, in particular 2: 1 to 1: 2, preferably 1: 5: 1 to 1: 1.5 preferably 1: 1 to 1: 1, 5.
  • the primer has a smaller weight fraction of the maleic anhydride-containing polymer compared to the weight fraction of the polyester.
  • the primer may preferably contain at least one further polymer.
  • the at least one further polymer or copolymer is preferably compatible with at least one of the two plastics to be welded and with at least one primer polymer.
  • the primer contains at least one further polymer, to which one of the plastics to be joined is based, preferably in each case those specified above.
  • the use of an additional polymer in addition to the (co) polymers according to the invention in the primer can lead to a further improvement in the strength.
  • a polymer is preferably used which is a weighted square distance of the Hansen parameters (R a ) 2 of less than 22 MPa for one, in particular both plastics to be joined and in particular also for at least one of the abovementioned primer polymers , in particular of less than 17 MPa, preferably of less than 15 MPa, more preferably of less than 12 MPa.
  • the weighted quadratic distance of the Hansen parameters (R a ) 2 is determined according to the following formula:
  • ODE is the Hansen parameter for the dispersion forces
  • ⁇ is the Hansen parameter for the polarity
  • 5H is the Hansen parameter for the hydrogen bonds.
  • A5D (5DI-5D2) of Polymers 1 and 2.
  • the determination of the values of the individual Hansen parameters ⁇ D, ⁇ and 5H for the respective plastics or polymers takes place according to the book "Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User 's Handbook" by Charles M. Hansen (secand edition, Taylor & Francis Group; 2007; ISBN-10 0-8493-7248-8). This source already has many values individual polymers are removed.
  • the Hansen parameters may preferably be taken from the supplied database with the program HSPIP (4th Edition 4.1.07) or, if not present, with the included "DIY” functionality of the program, preferably using of the supplied neural network as described in the Help The HSPIP program is available from Steven Abbott TCNF Ltd.
  • the content of the further polymer on the primer is preferably 1 to 40% by weight, in particular 5 to 30% by weight, particularly preferably 10 to 20% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the primer.
  • the content of the further polymer in the polymer content of the primer is preferably 5-75% by weight, in particular 30-70% by weight, particularly preferably 40-65% by weight, based in each case on the total polymer content of the primer (primer without solvent and without fillers).
  • the primer may also contain a solvent, in particular an organic solvent.
  • the primer contains a solvent content of 10 to 90 wt .-%, in particular 50 to 85 wt .-%, particularly preferably 60 to 80 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the primer.
  • Suitable solvents are all common solvents, such as, for example, water, alcohols, ketones, such as methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) or cyclohexanone (CH), ethers, such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran (THF), esters, such as ethyl acetate, or carbonates, such as dimethyl or dipropyl carbonate , Xylene, toluene or mixtures thereof.
  • MIBK methyl isobutyl ketone
  • CH cyclohexanone
  • ethers such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran (THF)
  • esters such as ethyl acetate
  • carbonates such as dimethyl or dipropyl carbonate , Xylene, toluene or mixtures thereof.
  • the primer contains organic solvents.
  • Particularly preferred solvents are solvents having a vapor pressure at 20 ° C. of from 1 to 600 hPa, in particular from 2 to 200 hPa, particularly preferably from 5 to 20 hPa. Solvents having a corresponding vapor pressure have proven to be particularly advantageous in this case, the formation of bubbles in the primer layer during evaporation to minimize or prevent.
  • the primer contains a solvent selected from tetrahydrofuran, Mehylisobutylketon, cyclohexanone and mixtures thereof, more preferably, the primer contains tetrahydrofuran or a mixture of Mehylisobutylketon and cyclohexanone.
  • this mixture preferably contains 10 to 50 wt .-%, in particular 20 to 35 wt .-% cyclohexanone, each based on the total mixture of solvent.
  • the total polymer content of the primer is preferably 10-90% by weight, in particular 15-50% by weight, particularly preferably 20-40% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the primer.
  • the total polymer content corresponds to the Content of all polymers used in the primer, in particular the polymers according to the invention and the other polymers described above.
  • the primer is in the form of an aqueous dispersion or emulsion.
  • the polymers according to the invention or, if present, the further polymers are emulsified or dispersed in water.
  • the total polymer content of the primer is preferably 2-90% by weight, in particular 5-50% by weight, particularly preferably 10-35% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the primer.
  • the polymer component essentially consists only of the polymers according to the invention and the optionally present above-mentioned further polymer, in particular only of the polymers according to the invention.
  • substantially from is understood according to the invention when the polymer component to more than 95 wt .-%, preferably more than 97 wt .-%, most preferably more than 99 wt .-% of the polymers of the invention and optionally existing above-mentioned further polymer, in particular consists only of the polymers of the invention.
  • the primer may comprise further components, for example fillers, (fluorescence) dyes and pigments, rheological aids, defoaming agents, emulsifiers, surfactants, wetting aids, stabilizers or plasticizers.
  • the primer is preferably substantially free of further components, in particular substantially free of any other components.
  • substantially free of is understood according to the invention when the primer less than 5 wt .-%, preferably less than 1 wt .-%, most preferably less than 0.1 wt .-% of the respective substances, in particular do not contain the respective substances.
  • the primer contains at least one stabilizer, in particular at least one heat stabilizer and / or hydrolysis stabilizer, preferably in an amount of 0.01 to 10 wt .-%, in particular 0.1 to 7 wt .-%, preferably 1 to 5 wt. %, in each case based on the total amount of the primer.
  • at least one stabilizer in particular at least one heat stabilizer and / or hydrolysis stabilizer, preferably in an amount of 0.01 to 10 wt .-%, in particular 0.1 to 7 wt .-%, preferably 1 to 5 wt. %, in each case based on the total amount of the primer.
  • a primer is used, wherein the primer at least one maleic anhydride-containing polymer, in particular at least one maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin polymer, and at least one polyester, in particular at least one copolyester.
  • the primer is used in the inventive method as an aid for the welding of the two different plastics by respective melting.
  • the primer can be applied by a variety of methods on the surface of one or both joining partners.
  • the application can be carried out by a metering device, by a needle and dosing robot, by injection molding, by extrusion, by film application, by application as a hot melt, by spraying, by brushing or by dipping.
  • the primer can be applied either only to one surface or to both surfaces of the substrates to be welded.
  • the primer is preferably dried after application to one or both surfaces until the solvent has evaporated so far that a non-sticky, dimensionally stable primer layer is formed.
  • the primer is weldable after a few seconds and up to several weeks.
  • the primer is dried after application for at least one hour, preferably for at least 12 hours.
  • the application is carried out on one or both surfaces of the substrates to be welded in such a way that the primer has a layer thickness of 1 ⁇ to 5000 ⁇ , in particular 100-3000 ⁇ , preferably 300-2000 ⁇ , more preferably 500-1000 ⁇ . Above all, layer thicknesses of greater than 100 ⁇ m are preferred. If a solvent was included in the primer, the layer thickness refers to the solvent-dried primer.
  • the substrates to be welded can be connected to one another using a customary welding method.
  • the welding of plastics is generally carried out by a local plasticization of the joining partners in the joining plane and the joining under pressure.
  • the process parameters are to be selected such that a pronounced squeezing flow of the melt leads to an optimal connection of the joining partners in the joining plane.
  • the heating can be done by convection, contact heating, radiation or friction.
  • the different energy input for plasticizing can be done in a variety of ways and has led to various processes for welding plastics. Suitable welding methods are, for example:
  • Heating element welding (HE] (hot plate welding)
  • polar molecules Heating by internal friction, polar molecules are oriented to a high-frequency magnetic field, single-stage, used only for polar plastics and films
  • Vibration welding (Friction welding: Linear, Orbital, Spin, Angle)
  • Laser welding contour, simultaneous, quasi-simultaneous, mask
  • the above-mentioned welding methods may be combined, such as infrared welding with vibration welding.
  • the welding of the plastics takes place by a welding process selected from heating element welding, thermal contact or heat impulse welding, hot gas or hot gas welding, microwaves or induction welding.
  • Particularly preferred is a method for materially joining the two plastics using the primer, comprising the following steps.
  • Bonding the first joining zone to the second joining zone in particular by using conventional welding methods of plastics such as, for example, infrared welding, heating element welding, hot gas welding, vibration welding, ultrasonic welding.
  • conventional welding methods of plastics such as, for example, infrared welding, heating element welding, hot gas welding, vibration welding, ultrasonic welding.
  • DIN 1910-3: 1977-09 can generally be applied to the welding of plastics. Consequently, this can be understood as meaning a cohesive joining of thermoplastics with the aid of heat and / or pressure.
  • the heating may be based on contact heating (solid body welding), convection heating (hot gas welding), radiant heating (radiation blasting), and heating by friction (welding by movement) and electric current welding.
  • a primer is used which is selected and adapted to the process such that application to a heated and / or hot joining zone having a temperature which is lower than the decomposition temperature of the polymers in the primer has no effect on the internal chemical crosslinking of the primer has.
  • preheating it is advantageous to preheat the first joining zone of the first plastic.
  • preheating known to those skilled and suitable for the purpose tools and techniques can be used.
  • the use of hot gas or plasma for preheating is suitable.
  • a heating element or a heated tool may be used to preheat the first joining zone.
  • a preheating in an oven or a heated room is conceivable. It is conceivable preheating the entire plastic and thus also said joining zone. Alternatively or additionally, however, it is also possible to preheat only the joining zone itself.
  • the distance of the heating device during the preheating to the plastic, in particular the preheating first joining zone, in particular the heat emitting region of the heater or the heat-emitting portion of the heater or to be preheated effective surface of the heater or the opposite with respect to the first joining zone of the region Heating device in a range of 0.5 mm to 100 mm, preferably in the range of 1 mm to 60 mm.
  • heating takes place through and / or upon contacting, in particular of the first joining zone, by the heating element of the heating device.
  • the thickness of the melt layer in a preferred embodiment is preferably in the range of 0.05 mm to 6 mm, particularly preferably in the range of 0.1 mm to 5 mm.
  • Such a melt layer may result in better adhesion and / or diffusion and / or interaction of the molecules and in conjunction with some flow to one better connection layer. If the boundary layer of the first plastic is in the molten state, interactions with the primer can occur, including chemical bonds.
  • the melt layer may in particular be dependent on the component geometry and the respective component design.
  • the process parameters are set and / or chosen so that there is no deformation of the components.
  • a compensation of temperature differences between the joining zone and the primer to be applied is preferably provided by suitable measures and / or method steps. It is particularly conceivable to preheat the primer in order to reduce the temperature difference between the preferably thermoplastic primer and the first joining zone. This can counteract, for example, the rapid cooling of the first joining zone between the process steps.
  • a pretreatment of the first joining zone preferably takes place before the step of preheating the first joining zone.
  • a pretreatment of the second joining zone can also be carried out.
  • a possible pre-treatment for example, the cleaning by means of a solvent or an example, alkaline plastic cleaner conceivable.
  • a mechanical pre-treatment can be used, in particular by means of scratching, sanding, brushing or blasting.
  • Possible chemical pretreatments are in particular the pickling or the use of reactive gases.
  • the use of a thermal, chemical or / and physical pretreatment may prove useful, in particular by means of gas flame or plasma arc.
  • an electrical pretreatment by means of corona discharge in which the first joining zone and / or the second joining zone is subjected to an electrical corona discharge so that polar molecules are formed on the corresponding surface.
  • the plasma treatment preferably using a plasma nozzle for the pretreatment of the joining zone, in particular in order to achieve activation and / or purification of the corresponding surface. Nevertheless, coating by means of plasma can prove to be expedient.
  • Another possibility is flaming the joining zone to increase the surface tension of suitable plastics.
  • Another type of pretreatment is the irradiation by means of UV rays, electron beams, radioactive rays or by means of laser.
  • the pretreatment can take place in the form of a coating, in particular by means of a coating or a bonding agent.
  • a pretreatment of the first plastic or the joining zones of the first plastic at a greater time interval before preheating is also conceivable.
  • the order of the primer is conceivable in different ways.
  • the application is conceivable by means of an automated application aid, in particular by means of a dosing robot. The same can be done with a needle and / or be equipped with a height sensor to perform complex dosages can.
  • the application of the primer can also be carried out by means of injection molding by plasticizing the primer in an injection molding machine and injecting it into the mold containing the first plastic with the first joining zone under pressure.
  • a film application is conceivable, wherein in a first step by means of film blowing or flat film extrusion first a film of the primer is produced.
  • the film can be cut into any shape, for example by means of a cutting or punching process, and applied to the first joining zone in a further step after said preheating.
  • the use of films / plates having a thickness in the range of 1 ⁇ - 5000 ⁇ has proved to be useful.
  • Further conceivable application possibilities are extrusion welding, in which the primer is present in the form of a welding wire or can be melted in an extruder and applied in melt to the first joining zone.
  • the provision of the primer in the form of a welding wire is possible to allow application by hot air welding.
  • Another possibility is the application of the primer by means of a spray process.
  • a pretreatment and / or preheating and / or locally different temperature of the injection mold is possible.
  • other, known in the art and suitable for the specific application order types are conceivable.
  • a further advantage is the further heating or heating of the first joining zone during the application of the primer, in particular in order to avoid a temperature drop of the first joining zone between the preheating and the application of the primer.
  • This may be done by the preheating step described above, which may be continued during the job for the sake of simplicity.
  • additional heating is possible, in particular by means of a further method step.
  • it may prove to be expedient to carry out a simultaneous heating of the first joining zone, for example by simultaneous irradiation of the first joining zone with radiation, forced convection, contact heating during the order in order to avoid a temperature drop of the first joining zone after preheating.
  • the primer is applied in such a way that a connecting layer with a thickness in the range from 1 ⁇ m to 5 mm, preferably in the range from 10 ⁇ m to 3 mm, is arranged on the first joining zone.
  • the thickness of the connecting layer is to be understood as the material thickness of the connecting layer on the first joining zone.
  • Another advantage is the application of the primer by means of a metering device to the first joining zone under relative movement between the first joining zone and the metering device, wherein by means of a heater, the first joining zone, on which the primer is applied, under relative movement between the first joining zone and heater, before the order of the primer is preheated, wherein the order of the primer via the metering device takes place in the preheated state of the first joining zone.
  • the heating device it has proved to be particularly advantageous for the heating device to be passed by a speed in the range of 10 mm / min to 100 m / min, preferably in the range of 10 mm / min to 30 m / min, during preheating at the first joining zone ,
  • the heating device of the metering device preferably leads in a defined and constant distance.
  • the primer by means of a metering device to the first joining zone with relative movement of metering device and first joining zone in the range of 10 mm / min to 100 m / min, preferably in the range of 10 mm / min to 30 m / min is applied, wherein by means of a heating device said joining zone on which the primer is applied is preheated with relative movement of heating device and first joining zone prior to application of the primer, wherein the heating device of the metering device or a nozzle of the metering device for applying the primer at a time interval in the range of 0, 1-10 s, preferably simultaneously advanced.
  • a coating unit consisting of metering device and heater.
  • a coating unit can be understood in particular to be a unit which provides a firm connection between heating device and metering device, so that the heating device of the metering device leads in preferably a defined and constant distance during the relative movement to ensure that the first joining zone immediately before the application the primer is preheated.
  • this is also an adjustability of the distance or convective preheating the setting of the volume flow or nozzle diameter of the medium, in particular by suitable mechanical, electromechanical or pneumatically operated actuating means conceivable.
  • the coating unit can also be understood to mean a heating device and a metering device as two completely separate or separated assemblies, which, however, undergo the same or essentially the same relative movement with respect to the plastic in order to ensure that the point of application of the primer immediately before the application of the Preheater is primed.
  • the heating device and the metering device assume a substantially identical primary relative movement or basic direction with respect to the plastic, however, at least one of the two mentioned devices experiences additional relative movement with respect to the plastic in addition to the said primary relative movement.
  • the heating device and / or the metering device in addition to the primary relative movement in which, for example, the order of the primer can take place, one or make several secondary relative movements.
  • the heating device and / or the metering device can enter or experience a relative to the primary relative movement or meandering secondary relative movement.
  • the plastic on one side or the heater and metering device or both devices can be moved together as a coating unit on the other side. It is possible that the heating device and metering device or both devices together as a coating unit on one side or the plastic resting on the other side or be moved in each case with the moving part in a different direction.
  • a primary relative movement takes place at a speed in a range of 10 mm / min to 100 m / min, preferably in the range of 10 mm / min to 30 m / min, so that, for example, in particular by suitable design of the heater as possible give short residence times of the plastic within the heating surface of the heater, in particular in a range of 1-60 s.
  • This can be understood as meaning the area or the space around the heating device which has an influence on the temperature in the sense of a temperature increase, that is, a preheating of the first joining zone of the first plastic. For example, overheating and plastic damage or plastic damage can be avoided.
  • a bus interface in particular a Profibus, or a real-time Ethernet interface.
  • a pretreatment of the second joining zone can be carried out before the step of contacting the second joining zone with the primer layer.
  • all of the above-described techniques for a pretreatment are conceivable.
  • pretreatment of the second plastic or the joining zones of the second plastic at a greater time interval before contacting For example, it is conceivable to carry out the pretreatment as part of the production process of the second plastic in order to be able to process a pretreated plastic in the process according to the invention.
  • the pre-treatment of the second plastic can also order the primer to the second Include joining zone. In this case, a preheating of the second joining zone before application of the primer is preferably conceivable.
  • the above statements are also preferred at this point.
  • a further subject of this invention are articles or products produced according to the process of the invention.
  • the subject of this invention is the use of a primer according to the invention for welding a polyolefin plastic with a plastic.
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
  • IR infrared welding
  • IR-VIB infrared / vibration welding
  • US ultrasonic welding
  • Copolyester-1 amorphous copolyester containing as monomer isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, HPHP-glycol, neopentyl glycol and ethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 15000 g / mol
  • Copolyester-2 partially crystalline copolyester containing as monomer isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, adipic acid and butanediol having a molecular weight of 18000 g / mol and a melting peak maximum of 138 ° C
  • Copolyester-3 partially crystalline copolyester containing as the monomer isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and butanediol having a molecular weight of 20,000 g / mol and a melting peak maximum of 179 ° C.
  • PP-MAH-1 acrylate-modified maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene
  • PP-MAH-2 maleic anhydride modified polypropylene with a MAH content of 0.25% by weight
  • PP-MAH-3 maleic anhydride modified polypropylene with a MAH content of 7% by weight
  • a primer was prepared from the copolyester 1 and the PPMAH-1 or the PP-MAH-2 in a ratio of 50:50 w / w.
  • a melt was produced on a PP and a non-polyolefinic joining part, immersed in a melt of the primer and then joined together.
  • This hot-dip welding resulted in the following tensile strengths of the welded samples with compatibilizing interlayer 24 hours after welding.
  • Plastic 1 adherend plastic 2 adherend compound tensile strength at RT in
  • a copolyester 1 / PP-MAH-2 / PP-MAH-3 primer was prepared in a ratio of 50:25:25 w / w / w.
  • the MAH content was significantly increased by the further PP-MAH.
  • this primer gave 16.89 N / mm 2 for PP-PET.
  • the blend ratio of copolyester to PP-MAH was varied from 50:50 to 60:40 and 70:30 (parts by weight).
  • the copolyester-3 and PP-MAH-2 primer was prepared accordingly, and the materials welded according to the hot-plate welding method described showed the following strengths:
  • Machine ultrasonic welding was done using standard AWS specimens consisting of two T-shaped parts.
  • the compatibilizing primer layer of copolyester-1 and PP-MAH-2 in the ratio 50:50 (parts by weight) was pressed as a film by means of a hot press, cut into strips, placed on the melt after preheating of one of the T specimens and melted with warm gas. Subsequently, the second T-joining part was welded to the coated joining part by means of ultrasound.
  • the tensile strength after aging was determined, for which the samples in the climate change test in 10 cycles per 8 h between -30 and +60 ° C with 98% r.h. were aged. 24 hours after welding or after aging, the following tensile strengths were obtained for the different material combination PP-PET:

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  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
PCT/EP2017/077306 2016-10-28 2017-10-25 VERFAHREN ZUM SCHWEIßEN EINES POLYOLEFIN-KUNSTSTOFFES MIT EINEM WEITEREN KUNSTSTOFF Ceased WO2018077948A1 (de)

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JP2019523102A JP2019532850A (ja) 2016-10-28 2017-10-25 ポリオレフィンプラスチックと追加のプラスチックの溶接方法
CN201780066554.3A CN109890597A (zh) 2016-10-28 2017-10-25 用于焊接聚烯烃塑料和另外的塑料的方法
KR1020197014734A KR20190082240A (ko) 2016-10-28 2017-10-25 폴리올레핀 플라스틱 및 추가의 플라스틱의 용접 방법
US16/385,147 US20190240919A1 (en) 2016-10-28 2019-04-16 Method for Welding a Polyolefin Plastic and an Additional Plastic

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EP16196228.7A EP3315290B1 (de) 2016-10-28 2016-10-28 Verfahren zum schweissen eines polyolefin-kunststoffes mit einem weiteren kunststoff
EP16196228.7 2016-10-28

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HUE043950T2 (hu) * 2015-10-16 2019-09-30 Henkel Ag & Co Kgaa Eljárás egy poliolefin mûanyagnak egy másik mûanyaggal történõ egymáshoz hegesztésére egy primer alkalmazásával, és az eljárással elõállított tárgy
ES2703179T3 (es) 2015-10-16 2019-03-07 Henkel Ag & Co Kgaa Procedimiento para soldar los plásticos poliamida y poli(met)acrilato
CN111450585A (zh) * 2020-04-08 2020-07-28 杭州天惠实业有限公司 一种压滤机用聚丙烯隔膜芯板的制备工艺
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CN109890597A (zh) 2019-06-14
US20190240919A1 (en) 2019-08-08
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KR20190082240A (ko) 2019-07-09
EP3315290A1 (de) 2018-05-02

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