WO2018077121A1 - 图像中目标物体识别方法、冰箱内食品识别方法及系统 - Google Patents
图像中目标物体识别方法、冰箱内食品识别方法及系统 Download PDFInfo
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- the present invention relates to the field of image recognition technologies, and in particular, to a target object recognition method in an image, a food identification method and system in a refrigerator.
- the image acquisition and the acquisition of the image cannot guarantee the consistency of the image. This difference causes the information of the learning to intelligently reflect some characteristics of the data, so the performance on the test data is not satisfactory, and the recognition rate of the image recognition is better. low.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a target object recognition method in an image, a food identification method and system in a refrigerator, in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.
- the acquired training image and the acquired test image are normalized, and the training image is to be And the test image is mapped to a unified space; and/or a regularization process is performed when the image recognition model is established, so that the image recognition model expresses the full sample distribution.
- the present invention also provides a food identification method in a refrigerator, comprising collecting image data in a refrigerator as a training image and a test image, and obtaining image data to be identified according to the target object recognition method in the image according to the above technical solution.
- the property information of the food is not limited to the above technical solution.
- the present invention also provides an object recognition system in an image, comprising:
- a training module configured to acquire a training image, and use the training image to establish an image recognition model
- test module for acquiring a test image, matching the test image with the image recognition model, and realizing recognition of the target object in the test image
- a normalization module configured to normalize the acquired training image and the acquired test image, and map the training image and the test image to a unified space
- a regularization module is used to perform regularization processing when the image recognition model is established, so that the image recognition model expresses a full sample distribution.
- the present invention further provides a food identification system in a refrigerator, comprising: an image collection device and a server installed inside the refrigerator, wherein the image collection device collects image data in the refrigerator and uploads the image to a server, wherein the server adopts The target object recognition system in the image described in the above technical solution obtains attribute information of the food in the image data to be identified.
- the invention has the beneficial effects that the invention normalizes the training image and the test image, maps the training image and the test image to a unified space, and makes the training sample and the test sample share the same, and the image recognition model obtained by using the training data Good test results can be obtained on the test data; by regularizing the image recognition model, the image recognition model expresses the full sample distribution, ignoring the components that only describe the training samples, and making the image recognition model express the full sample. Distribution, reduce the parameter space; through the above processing, the performance of the image recognition model on the test data is as close as possible to the performance on the training data, achieving consistency of image recognition and improving image recognition accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for identifying a target object in an image according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for identifying a target object in an image according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for identifying a target object in an image according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a target object recognition system in an image according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a method for identifying a target object in an image according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a method for identifying a target object in an image according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a food identification system in a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for identifying a target object in an image, including the following steps:
- S110 acquiring a training image in a training phase, normalizing the training image, and establishing an image recognition model by using the training image;
- S120 obtaining a test image in a test phase, normalizing the test image, matching the test image with the image recognition model, and realizing recognition of the target object in the test image;
- the training image acquired during the training phase and the test image acquired during the test phase are normalized, and the training image and the test image are mapped to a unified space.
- the training image and the test image are normalized, and the training image and the test image are mapped to a unified space, so that the training sample and the test sample are distributed in the same manner, and the image recognition model obtained by using the training data is on the test data.
- Good test results can be obtained; regularization processing is performed when the image recognition model is established during the training phase, so that the image recognition model expresses the full sample distribution. Ignore the components that only describe the training samples, so that the image recognition model expresses the full sample distribution and reduces the parameter space; through the above processing, the performance of the model on the test data is as close as possible to the performance on the training data.
- the training phase acquiring the training image and the testing phase acquiring the test image have the same shooting environment.
- the step of establishing an image recognition model by using the training image in the testing phase specifically includes:
- the attribute parameter of the target object includes the position and type of the target object in the calibration image data.
- the image recognition model identifies a mapping relationship between the output and the input, the loss function representing the difference between the actual output and the model output; the risk function is the expectation of the loss function.
- the attribute parameter of the target object in the image data may be calibrated by using a point labeling method: the food is in the picture by the coordinates (x, y), width w and h of the upper left corner of the food. Location information. At the same time, the type information of the food material is given. No matter how you mark it, you can determine the position and type of the object of interest in the picture.
- the image recognition model is
- ⁇ is the model parameter
- the loss function L represents the difference between the actual output and the model output, y is the actual output; f(x, ⁇ ) is the image recognition model;
- N represents the total number of training images
- i represents the i-th training image
- Image recognition includes a training phase and a testing phase.
- the training phase includes: 1. obtaining training data by shooting and marking; 2. setting a decision function (model) to establish a mapping relationship between input and output; 3. setting an evaluation function to measure the quality of the decision function; 4. learning the algorithm and
- the training data updates the decision function so that the decision function satisfies the requirements of the evaluation function.
- the risk function loses the expectation of the function, and the risk function is minimized by a learning algorithm such as backpropagation.
- the target object position and kind (y) are calibrated as training data.
- Set the image recognition model and initial parameters express the relationship between output and input, expressed by the decision function f(.), for the parameter x that has been calibrated, the output is ⁇ is the model parameter.
- L (y, f (x, ⁇ )), which represents the difference between the actual output and the model output.
- evaluate the risk of the decision function on all samples The risk function is calculated on a known sample (x, y) and is called empirical risk.
- the test phase specifically, includes: 1. taking a picture of the target object, obtaining a test sample, that is, inputting the parameter x; 2 obtaining the output result through the pre-trained image recognition model
- the recognition result is the position and type of the target object.
- the risk function is an empirical risk
- the empirical risk is obtained by calculating a desired loss function according to all training data; and obtaining a model parameter that minimizes the empirical risk of the image recognition model as an image recognition model by calculation
- the final model parameter obtains an image recognition model corresponding to the target object.
- Image recognition model training is performed by machine learning algorithms, but this practice usually has training overfitting and the resulting generalization errors.
- the model parameter ⁇ * is determined according to the training sample (x, y), and the training sample usually does not respond well to the true distribution.
- the model with the least risk criterion is good for the training sample, but But can not adapt to the test data outside the training set. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention solves the above technical problem by a normalization and regularization processing manner.
- the normalization technique maps training samples and test samples to a unified space by transforming methods.
- the normalization process specifically includes: performing normalization processing on the image size, performing normalization processing on the image data feature vector, and performing at least one of moving and scaling the image data.
- performing normalization processing on the image size specifically includes: performing normalization processing on the image size, performing normalization processing on the image data feature vector, and performing at least one of moving and scaling the image data.
- performing normalization processing on the image data feature vector specifically includes: performing normalization processing on the image data feature vector, and performing at least one of moving and scaling the image data. Kind.
- the image size is normalized by the above various normalization methods, or the image data feature vector is normalized, or the image data is moved and scaled.
- the above technical means can be used in any combination to achieve normalization of image data, ensure the consistency of training data and test data, and improve the recognition accuracy of the image recognition model.
- the image size normalization process includes: collecting an image exceeding a target area in the process of acquiring image data, and retaining the region of interest in an intermediate position of the image, according to a known sense The size of the area of interest, correcting the image size, removing the redundant area, and retaining the entire content of the area of interest, so that all image data have the same size;
- the image data feature vector normalization process includes: performing normalization processing using mean values and covariances of the training data;
- x (k) is the eigenvector of a set of training data
- E[x (k) ] is the mean of all training data
- Var[x (k) ] is an unbiased estimate of the variance of all training data, Is a normalized feature vector
- the moving and scaling processing of the image data includes: scaling the image data according to a scaling factor, and moving the image data by a translation constant;
- the moving and scaling processing formula is as follows.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for identifying a target object in an image, including the following steps:
- S210 acquiring training images in the training phase, establishing an image recognition model by using the training images, and performing regularization processing when establishing the image recognition model, so that the image recognition model expresses the full sample distribution;
- test image is acquired in the test phase, and the test image is matched with the image recognition model to realize the recognition of the target object in the test image.
- the regularization process includes converting an empirical risk into a structural risk, specifically adding a regularization term to the structural risk to obtain a structural risk, and obtaining a model parameter that minimizes the structural risk of the image recognition model as an image recognition model.
- the final model parameter obtains an image recognition model corresponding to the target object.
- the regularization process is performed when the image recognition model is established in the training phase, the components that can describe the full sample are retained, the components that describe only the training samples are ignored, and the image recognition model expresses the full sample distribution and reduces the parameter space. .
- the performance of the model on the test data is as close as possible to the performance on the training data.
- the empirical risk is converted into a structural risk during the regularization process, and the structural risk is:
- equation (3) is L1 regularization
- is a regularization term
- is the L1 norm
- equation (4) is L2 regularization
- ⁇ ( ⁇ ) 2 is a regularization term
- the data After the data is normalized, it can compensate for the generalization problem caused by the different distribution of training and test samples to some extent. However, the normalized mean and variance are estimated using training samples and cannot express the full sample distribution. If the model is described as too fine, the overfitting phenomenon still exists.
- the idea of regularization is to reduce the parameter space, that is, to preserve the components of the full sample during the training process, ignoring the components that are only describing the training samples.
- the approach is to modify the risk function to translate empirical risk into structural risk.
- the training phase acquiring the training image and the testing phase acquiring the test image have the same shooting environment.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for identifying a target object in an image, including the following steps:
- S310 acquiring training images in the training phase, normalizing the training images, establishing an image recognition model by using the training images, and performing regularization processing when establishing the image recognition model, so that the image recognition model expresses the whole sample distribution;
- the training image acquired during the training phase and the test image acquired during the test phase are normalized, and the training image and the test image are mapped to a unified space.
- the training image and the test image are normalized, and the training image and the test image are mapped to a unified space, so that the training sample and the test sample are distributed in the same manner, and the image recognition model obtained by using the training data is on the test data.
- Good test results can be obtained; the regularization process is performed when the image recognition model is established in the training phase, so that the image recognition model expresses the full sample distribution, ignoring the components that only describe the training samples, and the image recognition model expresses the full sample distribution.
- the parameter space is reduced; the performance of the image recognition model on the test data is made as close as possible to the performance on the training data by the above processing.
- the training phase acquiring the training image and the testing phase acquiring the test image have the same shooting environment.
- a method for identifying a target object in an image according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail above with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, and an image object recognition system in an image according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to FIG. 4 to FIG. Carry out a detailed description.
- an image object recognition system in an image provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes
- a training module configured to acquire a training image in a training phase, and use the training image to establish an image recognition model
- test module for obtaining a test image in a test phase, matching the test image with the image recognition model, and realizing recognition of the target object in the test image
- a normalization module for normalizing the training image acquired during the training phase and the test image obtained during the testing phase, and mapping the training image and the test image to a unified space
- an image object recognition system in an image provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes
- a training module configured to acquire a training image in a training phase, and use the training image to establish an image recognition model
- test module for obtaining a test image in a test phase, matching the test image with the image recognition model, and realizing recognition of the target object in the test image
- the regularization module is used to perform regularization processing when the image recognition model is established in the training phase, so that the image recognition model expresses the full sample distribution.
- an image object recognition system in an image provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes
- a training module configured to acquire a training image in a training phase, and use the training image to establish an image recognition model
- test module for obtaining a test image in a test phase, matching the test image with the image recognition model, and realizing recognition of the target object in the test image
- a normalization module for normalizing the training image acquired during the training phase and the test image obtained during the testing phase, and mapping the training image and the test image to a unified space
- Regularization module for regularization processing when establishing an image recognition model during the training phase
- the image recognition model expresses a full sample distribution.
- the identification system may correspond to an execution body of the identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the above-described and other operations and/or functions of the respective modules in the identification system are respectively implemented in order to implement FIGS. 1 to 3
- the corresponding processes of each method in the following are not repeated here for brevity.
- An embodiment of the present invention provides a food identification method in a refrigerator, which includes collecting image data in a refrigerator as a training image and a test image, and obtaining target attribute information of the food in the image data to be identified according to the target object recognition method in the image according to the above embodiment. .
- the pictures in the test stage and the picture quality in the learning stage are similar.
- the present invention firstly requires similar conditions on the hardware to ensure that the quality of the photographs taken is as uniform as possible, and the model is tested on the test data by normalization and regularization. Performance as close as possible to the performance of the training data, improve the accuracy of food identification in the refrigerator.
- the training and testing process is relatively independent, and the entire training process is performed offline on the server side.
- the pictures you take need to include as many different scenes as possible, such as background, lighting, size, foreground occlusion, etc.; to ensure that the training image is acquired during the training phase and the test image is taken to have the same shooting environment.
- the purpose of the recognition process is to determine the type of food in the refrigerator by means of image recognition. First, the food picture in the refrigerator is photographed by the camera in the refrigerator, and then the picture is passed to the identified server, and the model is matched with the established model on the server side to obtain the information of the position and type of the food in the picture.
- the training stage uses the training image to obtain image recognition.
- the model is performed offline on the server side, and the identification of the attribute information of the food in the test image during the test phase further includes turning on the lighting device in the refrigerator when the door closing signal of the refrigerator door is detected, and adjusting the light intensity of the lighting device to a uniform light intensity; / or defogging the camera before shooting; after the above processing, the shooting conditions are stabilized for a preset time and then captured to obtain image data.
- the corresponding processing is first performed from the hardware and the photographing process.
- the illumination light is installed at the position of each camera at the same time to ensure that the camera cooperates with other lighting devices in the refrigerator, and secondly, dustproof and fogging measures are added to each camera to prevent the camera from being contaminated.
- the fog measure can be achieved by adding a dust-proof anti-fog cover.
- the same pixel of the photographic device is used to ensure that the captured picture contains the same amount of information.
- a door closing signal will be generated.
- the food in the refrigerator may change, and the shooting in the refrigerator is selected at this time.
- the light attached to the camera In order to ensure the food lighting conditions in the refrigerator are the same, open the lighting equipment in the refrigerator before shooting, adjust the light attached to the camera to adjust the uniform light intensity by adjusting the duty ratio, and adjust the original lighting equipment in the refrigerator to the approximate light as much as possible. Strong.
- the anti-fog treatment is performed by heating or the like.
- An embodiment of the present invention provides a food identification system in a refrigerator, comprising an image collecting device and a server installed in the refrigerator, wherein the image collecting device collects image data in the refrigerator and uploads the image data to the server, wherein the server adopts the foregoing embodiment.
- the target object recognition system in the image obtains attribute information of the food in the image data to be identified.
- the food identification system in the refrigerator guarantees the consistency of the training data and the test data from hardware and/or software, so that the image recognition model performs as much as possible on the test data.
- the performance on the near training data improves the accuracy of food identification in the refrigerator.
- a food identification system in a refrigerator further includes a lighting device, a refrigerator door detecting device and a control device installed at a position of each camera in the refrigerator, and the refrigerator door detecting
- the device sends a door closing signal to the control device, and the control device controls to turn on the lighting device in the refrigerator according to the door closing signal, and adjusts the light intensity of the lighting device to a uniform light intensity.
- a heating device installed at a position of each camera in the refrigerator is configured to perform a defogging process for the camera before the camera performs the shooting, and the control module is further configured to control the shooting condition. Stabilize the preset time and then shoot to obtain image data.
- a dust-proof and fog-removing device and a heating device are added to each camera to prevent the camera from being contaminated, and the photosensitive device using the same pixel ensures that the captured image contains the same amount of information.
- the anti-fog treatment is performed by heating or the like. Stabilize the shooting conditions for a period of time, to ensure that the delay caused by the shooting process will not be affected, and to prevent the user from switching the refrigerator door multiple times in a short time.
- the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners.
- the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
- the division of cells is only a logical function division.
- multiple units or components may be combined or integrated. Go to another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
- the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the embodiments of the present invention.
- each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
- the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
- An integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
- the technical solution of the present invention contributes in essence or to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium.
- Including a number of instructions to make a computer device (which can be a personal computer, The server, or network device, etc.) performs all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the present invention.
- the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .
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Abstract
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Claims (16)
- 一种图像中目标物体识别方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:获取训练图像,利用训练图像建立图像识别模型;获取测试图像,将测试图像与图像识别模型匹配,实现测试图像中目标物体的识别;其中,获取的训练图像和获取的测试图像进行归一化处理,将训练图像和测试图像映射到统一的空间;和/或建立图像识别模型时进行正则化处理,使图像识别模型表达全样本分布。
- 根据权利要求1所述的图像中目标物体识别方法,其特征在于,所述归一化处理具体包括:对图像尺寸进行归一化处理,对图像数据特征矢量进行归一化处理和对图像数据进行搬移和缩放处理中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求2所述的图像中目标物体识别方法,其特征在于,所述图像尺寸归一化处理包括:在获取图像数据过程中,采集超过目标区域的图像,将感兴趣区域保留在图像中间位置,根据已知的感兴趣区域的大小,修正图像尺寸,去除冗余区域,保留感兴趣区域的全部内容,使所有图像数据具有相同尺寸;所述图像数据特征矢量归一化处理包括:利用训练数据的均值和协方差进行归一化处理;所述图像数据进行搬移和缩放处理包括:根据缩放因子对图像数据进行缩放处理,通过平移常量对图像数据进行搬移处理。
- 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的图像中目标物体识别方法,其特征在于,利用训练图像建立图像识别模型包括:获取预定数量的包含目标物体的图像数据;对所述图像数据中目标物体的属性参数进行标定,并将经标定处理的图 像数据作为训练图像;设定图像识别模型、初始模型参数及损失函数,通过计算损失函数的期望获得风险函数;利用风险函数和训练数据更新图像识别模型,使所述图像识别模型满足所述损失函数的要求,得到所述目标物体对应的图像识别模型。
- 根据权利要求4所述的图像中目标物体识别方法,其特征在于,所述风险函数为经验风险,所述经验风险为根据所有训练数据计算损失函数的期望获得的;通过计算获得使图像识别模型的经验风险最小的模型参数作为图像识别模型的最终模型参数,得到所述目标物体对应的图像识别模型。
- 根据权利要求5所述的图像中目标物体识别方法,其特征在于,还包括进行正则化处理,所述正则化处理包括将经验风险转换为结构风险,具体为在经验风险上加上正则化项获得结构风险,通过计算获得使图像识别模型的结构风险最小的模型参数作为图像识别模型的最终模型参数,得到所述目标物体对应的图像识别模型。
- 根据权利要求4所述的图像中目标物体识别方法,其特征在于,所述目标物体的属性参数包括标定图像数据中目标物体的位置及种类。
- 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的图像中目标物体识别方法,其特征在于,获取训练图像和获取测试图像具有相同的拍摄环境。
- 一种冰箱内食品识别方法,其特征在于,采集冰箱内的图像数据作为训练图像和测试图像,根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的图像中目标物体识别方法获得待识别图像数据中食品的属性信息。
- 根据权利要求9中的冰箱内食品识别方法,其特征在于,利用训练图像获得图像识别模型在服务器端离线进行,识别测试图像中食品的属性信息还包括在检测到冰箱门关门信号时,开启冰箱内的照明设备,并将照明设备的光强调节至统一的光强;和/或在拍摄前对摄像头进行除雾处理;在经 过上述处理后,使拍摄条件稳定预设时间再进行拍摄获取图像数据。
- 一种图像中目标物体识别系统,其特征在于,包括:训练模块,用于在获取训练图像,利用训练图像建立图像识别模型;测试模块,用于获取测试图像,将测试图像与图像识别模型匹配,实现测试图像中目标物体的识别;归一化模块,用于对获取的训练图像和获取的测试图像进行归一化处理,将训练图像和测试图像映射到统一的空间;正则化模块,用于在建立图像识别模型时进行正则化处理,使图像识别模型表达全样本分布。
- 根据权利要求11所述的图像中目标物体识别系统,其特征在于,所述归一化模块包括尺寸归一单元、特征归一单元和搬移缩放单元;所述尺寸归一单元用于对图像尺寸归一化处理,所述特征归一化单元用于对图像数据特征矢量进行归一化处理,搬移缩放单元用于对图像数据进行搬移和缩放处理。
- 根据权利要求11所述的图像中目标物体识别系统,其特征在于,所述训练模块包括:训练图像获取单元,用于获取预定数量的包含目标物体的图像数据;图像标定单元,用于对所述图像数据中目标物体的属性参数进行标定,并将经标定处理的图像数据作为训练图像;模型设定模块,用于设定图像识别模型、初始模型参数及损失函数,通过计算损失函数的期望获得风险函数;模型训练单元,利用风险函数和训练数据更新图像识别模型,使所述图像识别模型满足所述损失函数的要求,得到所述目标物体对应的图像识别模型。
- 一种冰箱内食品识别系统,其特征在于,包括安装在冰箱内部的图 像采集装置和服务器,所述图像采集装置采集冰箱内的图像数据上传至服务器,所述服务器采用权利要求11-13任一项所述的图像中目标物体识别系统获得待识别图像数据中食品的属性信息。
- 根据权利要求14所述的冰箱内食品识别系统,其特征在于,还包括在冰箱内每个摄像头的位置安装的照明设备、冰箱门检测装置和控制装置,冰箱门检测装置在检测到冰箱门关门信号时,将关门信号发送给控制装置,控制装置根据关门信号控制开启冰箱内的照明设备,并将照明设备的光强调节至统一的光强。
- 根据权利要求15所述的冰箱内食品识别系统,其特征在于,还包括在冰箱内每个摄像头的位置安装的加热装置,用于在摄像头进行拍摄前为摄像头进行除雾处理,所述控制模块还用于控制拍摄条件稳定预设时间再进行拍摄获取图像数据。
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