WO2018076754A1 - 触控面板及其触控检测方法以及显示装置 - Google Patents

触控面板及其触控检测方法以及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018076754A1
WO2018076754A1 PCT/CN2017/091112 CN2017091112W WO2018076754A1 WO 2018076754 A1 WO2018076754 A1 WO 2018076754A1 CN 2017091112 W CN2017091112 W CN 2017091112W WO 2018076754 A1 WO2018076754 A1 WO 2018076754A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
touch
sensing electrode
electrode
substrate
disposed
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2017/091112
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姚之晓
田明
刘家荣
郑箫逸
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
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Application filed by BOE Technology Group Co Ltd, Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd filed Critical BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Priority to US15/742,319 priority Critical patent/US10664080B2/en
Publication of WO2018076754A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018076754A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/004—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid
    • G02B26/005—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid based on electrowetting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0412—Digitisers structurally integrated in a display
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/042—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by opto-electronic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/13338—Input devices, e.g. touch panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
    • G06F2203/04111—Cross over in capacitive digitiser, i.e. details of structures for connecting electrodes of the sensing pattern where the connections cross each other, e.g. bridge structures comprising an insulating layer, or vias through substrate

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a touch panel, a touch detection method of the touch panel, and a display device.
  • touch technology is increasingly used in electronic products such as mobile phones, tablets, and notebook computers.
  • touch technology is characterized by its direct, efficient, accurate, smooth and fashionable features, which greatly improves the efficiency and convenience of dialogue between people and computers, and makes work and life more efficient and vivid.
  • the pressure touch technology is a technology that can sense the intensity of the touch operation. Different touch functions can be called according to the strength of the touch operation, thereby enriching the level and experience of the touch interaction. In addition, in the tactile interaction, the pressure touch technology can also generate tactile feedback, which can better replace the role of the physical button without sacrificing the tactile feedback of the physical button.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a touch panel, a touch detection method thereof, and a display device.
  • the touch panel can control the surface tension of the conductive fluid by using an electrowetting technology to change the shape of the conductive fluid, so that the touch operation can be detected by using the deformation generated by the touch, thereby providing a novel touch panel.
  • the touch panel can also recognize the pressure of the touch operation and enhance the user's touch experience.
  • the touch panel realizes the recognition of the touch pressure by the contact of the conductive fluid with the touch electrode structure, thereby avoiding the loss caused by the contact of the solid sensing device, thereby prolonging the service life of the touch panel.
  • the touch panel can also be applied to electronic devices with a small area and can implement various mobile types of touch operations and commands.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a touch panel including: an electrowetting substrate, a conductive fluid, and a touch substrate; the touch substrate is disposed opposite to the electrowetting substrate, and the conductive fluid is disposed Between the electrowetting substrate and the touch substrate; the electrowetting substrate includes a first substrate, and a control electrode disposed on a side of the first substrate adjacent to the touch substrate And a first insulating layer disposed on a side of the control electrode adjacent to the touch substrate; the touch substrate includes a second substrate and a second substrate disposed adjacent to the electrowetting substrate a touch electrode unit on the side; the conductive fluid is disposed on a side of the first insulating layer away from the control electrode, and is disposed corresponding to the control electrode; the touch electrode unit is opposite to the conductive fluid
  • the touch panel is configured to contact the touch electrode unit under the control of the control electrode to recognize the touch operation when the touch occurs.
  • the touch electrode unit includes a touch sensing electrode structure
  • the touch sensing electrode structure includes: a first sensing electrode and a second sensing electrode insulated from each other, the first sensing electrode and the first The two sensing electrodes are arranged in the same layer.
  • the first sensing electrode is a center electrode and the second sensing electrode is a ring-shaped electrode disposed around the first sensing electrode.
  • the shape of the annular electrode includes a rectangular ring, an octagonal ring, or a circular ring.
  • the width of the second sensing electrode is greater than the width of the first sensing electrode in a direction parallel to the second substrate and through a center of the first sensing electrode.
  • the touch sensing electrode structure further includes: a third sensing electrode, the third sensing electrode is insulated from the first sensing electrode and the second sensing electrode, the third sensing electrode, The first sensing electrode and the second sensing electrode are disposed in the same layer.
  • the touch electrode structure further includes at least one direction sensing electrode structure, and the direction sensing electrode structure is spaced apart from the touch sensing electrode structure and disposed around the touch sensing electrode structure.
  • the direction sensing electrode structure has the same structure as the touch sensing electrode structure.
  • the at least one direction sensing electrode structure comprises: a first direction sensing electrode structure; a second direction sensing electrode structure; a third direction sensing electrode structure; and a fourth direction sensing electrode structure, the first direction sensing
  • the electrode structure and the third direction sensing electrode structure are disposed along the first direction and are respectively disposed on two sides of the touch sensing electrode structure, and the second direction sensing electrode structure and the fourth direction sensing electrode structure are along the second Directions are disposed and respectively disposed on two sides of the touch sensing electrode structure, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
  • the touch panel further includes: an insulating fluid disposed on the electrowetting substrate and the Between the touch substrates.
  • the density of the electrically conductive fluid is less than the density of the insulating fluid.
  • the touch panel further includes: a first electrode lead electrically connected to the first sensing electrode; and a second electrode lead electrically connected to the second sensing electrode, the first electrode lead input An electrical signal, the second electrode lead outputs an electrical signal, or the first electrode lead outputs an electrical signal, and the second electrode lead inputs an electrical signal.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device including a display panel and a touch panel, the touch panel including the touch panel of any of the above.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a touch detection method for a touch panel, including the touch panel, including: applying a voltage to the control electrode to control the deformation of the conductive fluid; and detecting the touch electrode The unit is in contact with the conductive fluid to determine whether there is a touch operation.
  • the touch electrode structure includes a touch sensing electrode structure
  • the touch sensing electrode structure includes: a first sensing electrode and a second sensing electrode insulated from each other, the first sensing electrode and the first The second sensing electrode is disposed in the same layer
  • the step of detecting the contact state of the touch electrode unit with the conductive fluid to determine whether there is a touch operation comprises: detecting whether the first sensing electrode and the second sensing electrode are conductive Determine if there is a touch operation.
  • the detecting the contact state of the touch electrode unit with the conductive fluid to determine whether there is a touch operation further comprises: applying one of the first sensing electrode and the second sensing electrode An electrical signal; and detecting whether the other of the first sensing electrode and the second sensing electrode has an electrical signal output.
  • the touch detection method further includes: applying an electrical signal to one of the first sensing electrode and the second sensing electrode; detecting an electrical signal of the other of the first sensing electrode and the second sensing electrode Size to determine the size of the touch pressure.
  • the touch detection method further includes: gradually increasing or decreasing a magnitude of a voltage applied to the control electrode during a period in which the touch operation occurs; and detecting the touch electrode unit when the touch electrode unit is detected At the same time, the magnitude of the voltage applied to the control electrode at this time is recorded.
  • the touch sensing electrode structure further includes: a third sensing electrode, the third sensing electrode is insulated from the first sensing electrode and the second sensing electrode, the third sensing electrode, The first sensing electrode and the second sensing electrode are disposed in the same layer.
  • the touch detecting method further includes: detecting whether the third sensing electrode has an electrical signal output.
  • the touch electrode unit further includes at least one direction sensing electrode structure.
  • the directional sensing electrode structure is disposed in the same layer and spaced apart from the touch sensing electrode structure, and is disposed around the touch sensing electrode structure.
  • the touch detecting method further includes: detecting whether the direction sensing electrode is conductive, to determine Whether the touch operation moves in a direction from the touch sensing electrode structure to the direction sensing electrode structure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a touch panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a touch panel control electrode after applying a voltage according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a touch panel being touched according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another touch panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a touch sensing electrode structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another touch sensing electrode structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram of another touch sensing electrode structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7B is a schematic structural diagram of another touch panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another touch panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another touch panel being touched according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a motion direction of a touch panel inductive touch operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another touch panel inducing a moving direction of a touch operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a touch electrode unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view of a touch substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic plan view of an electrowetting substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a touch detection method of a touch panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • wearable smart devices As wearable smart devices continue to evolve, there are more and more types of wearable smart devices.
  • the inventors of the present application found that the size of a typical wearable smart device (such as a smart watch) is small, the area of the touch screen is limited, and various movements for a conventional touch screen (such as a smart phone) cannot be completed. Types of gestures that reduce the user's touch experience.
  • the conventional pressure-sensitive touch technology for example, uses piezoelectric ceramics, which realizes the recognition of the touch pressure by the contact of the solid-state sensing device.
  • the contact of the solid-state sensing device causes a large loss, which reduces the service life of the device using the pressure-sensitive touch technology.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a touch panel, a sensing method thereof, and a display device.
  • the touch panel includes an electrowetting substrate, a conductive fluid, and a touch substrate.
  • the electrowetting substrate comprises a first substrate substrate, a control electrode disposed on the first substrate substrate, and a first insulating layer disposed on the first substrate substrate and the control electrode; the conductive fluid is disposed away from the first insulating layer Controlling one side of the electrode and corresponding to the control electrode, the control electrode is configured to control the surface tension of the conductive fluid by using a voltage; the touch substrate is disposed opposite to the electrowetting substrate, and the conductive fluid is disposed on the electrowetting substrate and the touch substrate
  • the touch substrate includes a second substrate and a touch electrode structure disposed on a side of the second substrate adjacent to the electrowetting substrate.
  • the touch electrode structure is disposed opposite to the conductive fluid and configured to conduct electricity.
  • the movement of the fluid close to the touch electrode unit is turned on to identify a touch operation.
  • the touch panel can contact the touch electrode unit under the control of the control electrode to recognize the touch operation when the touch occurs.
  • the touch panel can control the surface tension of the conductive fluid by using an electrowetting technique to change the shape of the conductive fluid, so that the touch generated by the touch can be used to detect the touch operation, thereby providing a New touch panel.
  • the touch panel can also recognize the pressure of the touch operation and enhance the user's touch experience.
  • the touch panel realizes the recognition of the touch pressure by the contact of the conductive fluid with the touch electrode structure, thereby avoiding the loss caused by the contact of the solid sensing device, thereby prolonging the service life of the touch panel.
  • the touch panel can also be applied to electronic devices with a small area and can implement various mobile types of touch operations and commands. It should be noted that the sensing method of the touch panel refers to the touch detection method of the touch panel.
  • the touch panel includes an electrowetting substrate 110 and a touch substrate 120 disposed opposite to each other and disposed between the electrowetting substrate 110 and the touch substrate 120.
  • the electrowetting substrate 110 includes a first substrate 111, a control electrode 112 disposed on the first substrate 111, and a first insulating layer 113 disposed on the first substrate 111 and the control electrode 112, the first insulation
  • the layer 113 covers the control electrode 112;
  • the touch substrate 120 includes a second substrate 121 and a touch electrode unit 190 disposed on a side of the second substrate 121 adjacent to the electrowetting substrate 110;
  • the conductive fluid 130 is disposed at the first insulation
  • the layer 113 is on a side away from the control electrode 112 and is disposed corresponding to the control electrode 112 for controlling the surface tension of the conductive fluid 130 by voltage, that is, the projection of the conductive fluid 130 on the first insulating layer 113.
  • the projection of the control electrode 112 on the first insulating layer 113 at least partially overlaps, so that the control electrode 112 can control the surface tension of the conductive fluid 130 by using a voltage; the touch electrode unit 190 is disposed opposite to the conductive fluid 130 and can pass through the conductive fluid 130. Move down to turn on to identify touch operations. That is, the touch panel can contact the touch electrode unit 190 under the control of the control electrode 112 to recognize the touch operation when the touch occurs. It should be noted that the above “downward shift” refers to the movement near the touch electrode unit.
  • the control electrode 112 can control the surface tension of the conductive fluid 130 by using a voltage, so that the shape of the conductive fluid 130 can be changed, thereby allowing the conductive fluid 130 (lower edge) and the touch electrode unit 190.
  • the distance of the conductive fluid 130 may be partially contacted or at a certain distance from the touch electrode unit 190, and the touch electrode unit 190 is in a non-conducting state; for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the control electrode 112 utilizes a voltage.
  • the shape of the conductive fluid 130 is changed and a spheroid is formed.
  • the conductive fluid 130 is in partial contact with the touch electrode unit 190, for example, with one electrode of the touch electrode unit 190 (or may not be in contact with the touch electrode unit 190, the present disclosure).
  • the touch electrode unit 190 is not turned on; when the touch operation occurs at the position where the conductive fluid 130 is located on the touch panel, the touch operation occurs at the position of the electrowetting substrate.
  • the pressure of the touch operation may cause a certain deformation of the electrowetting substrate 110 toward the touch substrate 120, thereby further shortening the distance between the conductive fluid 130 and the touch electrode unit 190 and the conductive fluid 130.
  • the touch electrode unit 190 is turned on, and it can be determined whether the touch electrode unit 190 is turned on to determine whether a touch operation occurs. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the position of the touch panel on which the touch operation occurs is generated.
  • the wetted substrate 110 moves downward and drives the conductive fluid 130 to move to the touch electrode unit 190, thereby increasing the contact area of the conductive fluid 130 with the touch electrode unit 190 and turning on the touch electrode unit 190, for example, the conductive fluid 130.
  • the two contacts can be turned on by contacting the mutually insulated contacts in the touch electrode unit 190.
  • the touch panel can control the surface tension of the conductive fluid to change the shape of the conductive fluid by using an electrowetting technique, and can detect the touch operation by using the deformation generated by the touch, thereby providing a novel touch. panel.
  • the control electrode 112 may not apply a voltage, and the conductive fluid 130 may be adsorbed on the first insulating layer 113 and is flat.
  • the conductive fluid 130 and the touch electrode unit 190 The distance is far away, and even if the touch panel is touched, it does not come into contact with the touch electrode unit 190, thereby preventing occurrence of a false touch.
  • the position where the touch operation occurs may be on the side of the electrowetting substrate or the side of the touch substrate, and the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited herein.
  • the magnitude of the surface tension of the conductive fluid 130 can be adjusted by adjusting the voltage of the control electrode 112, so that the conductive fluid 130 (eg, the lower edge) and the touch electrode can be adjusted.
  • the distance of the unit 190 can be determined by determining whether the touch electrode unit 190 is turned on to determine whether a touch operation has occurred at different distances, and determining the touch pressure by a pre-stored correspondence between the control electrode voltage and the distance. size.
  • the touch panel may further include a memory and a processing circuit, and the memory may store a correspondence between a voltage applied to the control electrode and a distance between the control electrode and the touch electrode unit, and the processing circuit may store according to a voltage currently applied to the control electrode.
  • the memory can include ROM or RAM. It should be noted that the above memory and processing circuit can be integrated with the driver IC. For example, when the distance between the conductive fluid 130 and the touch electrode unit 190 is H1, it is determined whether the touch operation can turn on the touch electrode unit 190: if the touch electrode unit 190 is turned on, the touch operation occurs, and The pressure of the touch operation is determined to be P1 according to the pre-stored data. If the touch electrode unit 190 is not turned on, the touch operation is not performed.
  • the pressure of the touch or touch operation is insufficient to turn on the touch electrode unit 190, that is, the touch pressure is less than P1; when the distance between the conductive fluid 130 and the touch electrode unit 190 is H2, and H2 is less than H1, it is determined whether the touch operation can be made.
  • the touch electrode unit 190 is turned on: if the touch electrode unit 190 is turned on to indicate that a touch operation occurs, and according to the pre-stored data, the pressure of the touch operation is determined to be P2 and P2 is less than P1. If the control electrode unit 190 is not turned on, it indicates that no touch operation occurs or the pressure of the touch operation is insufficient to turn on the touch electrode unit 190, that is, the touch pressure is less than P2.
  • H2 may be zero, that is, the conductive fluid 130 is in contact with the touch electrode unit 190, and may further provide more recognition levels by setting a plurality of distances (eg, H1, H2, H3, etc.).
  • the method for determining the magnitude of the touch pressure is only used to describe the pressure of the touch panel. The embodiment may also use other methods to identify the pressure of the touch operation. This is not a limitation.
  • the touch panel realizes the recognition of the touch pressure by the contact of the conductive fluid with the touch electrode unit, thereby avoiding the loss caused by the contact of the solid sensing device, thereby prolonging the service life of the touch panel.
  • a plurality of touch electrode units and their corresponding conductive fluids and control electrodes may be disposed to identify the position of the touch operation.
  • the touch panel further includes a spacer 180 disposed between the electrowetting substrate 110 and the touch substrate 120, The distance between the electrowetting substrate 110 and the touch substrate 120 is maintained.
  • the spacers 180 may be disposed between the adjacent touch electrode units 190, thereby ensuring that the touch electrode units 190 and the control electrodes 112 and the conductive fluid 130 disposed corresponding thereto are formed.
  • the touch unit can be relatively independent, that is, when the corresponding area of the touch unit is touched and deformed, the touch unit adjacent to the touch unit is not affected, thereby avoiding the touch
  • the area corresponding to the touch unit adjacent to the unit is also deformed, and the accuracy of the touch operation position recognition can be improved when the touch panel is used to identify the position of the touch operation.
  • the material of the first insulating layer may include a hydrophobic material such as a fluoropolymer, polyimide, or the like.
  • the material of the conductive fluid may be an ink in which a conductive material is dispersed.
  • the above ink can be formed by dispersing a conductive material (gold, silver, copper, carbon, etc.) in a binder.
  • the touch panel further includes a sealant 185 disposed on the periphery of the electrowetting substrate 110 and the touch substrate 120.
  • the touch panel further The insulating fluid 170 disposed between the electrowetting substrate 110 and the touch substrate 120 is included.
  • the insulating fluid 170 can insulate the conductive fluid 130 from the touch electrode unit 190 and can provide a certain buoyancy for the conductive fluid 130 to constrain the conductive fluid 130 on the first insulating layer 113.
  • the insulating fluid is incompatible with the conductive fluid.
  • the insulating fluid may include an insulating liquid of similar characteristics such as deionized water.
  • the density of the conductive fluid is smaller than the density of the insulating fluid, so that the conductive fluid is more stably restrained on the first insulating layer 113.
  • the touch electrode unit 190 includes a touch sensing electrode structure 140, and the touch sensing electrode structure 140 includes first sensing electrodes insulated from each other. 141 and the second sensing electrode 143, the first sensing electrode 141 and the second sensing electrode 143 are disposed in the same layer.
  • the touch sensing electrode structure 140 may further include a first inductive insulating layer 142 disposed between the first sensing electrode 141 and the second sensing electrode 143 to pass the first sensing electrode 141 and the second sensing layer.
  • the electrodes 143 are insulated from each other.
  • the touch sensing electrode structure 140 When the conductive fluid 130 disposed opposite to the touch electrode unit 190 is not in contact with the touch sensing electrode structure 140 or is only in contact with the first sensing electrode 141, the touch sensing electrode structure 140 is in a non-conducting state, that is, the first sensing electrode.
  • the first sensing electrode 141 is insulated from the second sensing electrode 143.
  • the touch sensing electrode structure 140 When the conductive fluid 130 disposed opposite to the touch electrode unit 190 is in contact with the first sensing electrode 141 and the second sensing electrode 143, the touch sensing electrode structure 140 is turned on, that is, the first The sensing electrode 141 and the second sensing electrode 143 can be electrically connected by the conductive fluid 130.
  • an electrical signal can be applied to the first sensing electrode 141, and an electrical signal of the second sensing electrode 143 can be detected, or by moving to the second sensing electrode.
  • the 143 applies an electrical signal and detects the electrical signal of the first sensing electrode 141 to determine whether the touch sensing electrode structure 140 is turned on, thereby identifying the touch operation.
  • the first sensing electrode 141 may be the center electrode 1410
  • the second sensing electrode 143 may be disposed around the first sensing electrode 141 .
  • Annular electrode 1430 Therefore, when the conductive fluid disposed opposite to the touch sensing electrode structure moves toward the touch sensing electrode structure, the center electrode 1410 is first contacted and then the ring electrode 1430 is contacted, thereby realizing the recognition touch operation. description of.
  • the shape of the center electrode may be a rectangle or a square. As shown in Fig. 6, the shape of the center electrode may also be circular.
  • the shape of the annular electrode 1430 may be a rectangular ring or a square ring. As shown in FIG. 6, the shape of the ring-shaped electrode 1430 may be a circular ring. Of course, the shape of the ring-shaped electrode 1430 can also be other shapes, such as an octagonal ring, etc., and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited herein.
  • the conductive pressure may cause conductivity due to different touch operations.
  • the contact area between the fluid and the second sensing electrode is different, thereby causing different contact resistance.
  • the magnitude of the pressure of the touch operation can be determined by detecting the magnitude of the electrical signal output by the second sensing electrode.
  • the width of the second sensing electrode 143 may be greater than the width of the first sensing electrode 141 in a direction parallel to the second substrate substrate 121 and passing through the center of the first sensing electrode 141, thereby Provide more pressure recognition levels.
  • the first sensing electrode when the first sensing electrode is circular, its center is the center of the circle; when the first sensing electrode is rectangular, its center is the intersection of its diagonal. It should be noted that when the second sensing electrode inputs an electrical signal and the first sensing electrode outputs an electrical signal, the magnitude of the pressure of the touch operation can also be determined by detecting the magnitude of the electrical signal output by the first sensing electrode.
  • the touch panel further includes a first electrode lead 161 electrically connected to the first sensing electrode 141 and electrically connected to the second sensing electrode 143 .
  • the second electrode lead 162 is connected in a sexual manner.
  • the first electrode lead 161 can be used to input an electrical signal
  • the second electrode lead 162 can be used to output an electrical signal
  • the first electrode lead 161 can be used to output an electrical signal
  • the second electrode lead 162 can be used to input an electrical signal.
  • the touch sensing electrode structure may further include a third sensing electrode 145, a third sensing electrode 145 and the first sensing electrode 141 and the second sensing The electrodes 143 are insulated from each other and disposed in the same layer.
  • the touch sensing electrode structure may further include a second inductive insulating layer 144.
  • the third sensing electrode 145 and the second sensing insulating layer 144 are disposed in the same layer as the first sensing electrode 141, the first sensing insulating layer 142, and the second sensing electrode 143, and the second sensing insulating layer 144 is disposed on the second sensing electrode 143.
  • the third sensing electrodes 145 insulated from the first sensing electrode 141 and the second sensing electrode 143 can be used to identify different touch pressures. For example, when the touch operation is performed, an electrical signal is applied to the first sensing electrode 141. At this time, the conductive fluid 130 may be in contact with or at a certain distance from the touch sensing electrode structure 140, and the touch sensing electrode structure 140 is not conductive.
  • the touch panel can also be set More sensing electrodes and inductive insulating layers are provided to provide more pressure recognition levels, and embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited herein.
  • the touch sensing electrode structure 140 may also include only one touch sensing electrode. Since the conductive fluid has a contact resistance with the touch sensing electrode, if the conductive fluid does not contact the touch sensing electrode, the touch sensing electrode has a resistor R1. If the two contacts, the resistance of the touch sensing electrode becomes R2. Touch detection can also be achieved by detecting the resistance of the touch sensing electrode. In addition, after the conductive fluid and the touch sensing electrode are in contact, the pressure is different, the contact areas of the two are different, and the contact resistance between the two is different. The contact resistance can also be tested by different contact resistance.
  • the first embodiment provides a touch panel.
  • the touch electrode unit 190 further includes at least one direction sensing electrode structure 150 , the direction sensing electrode structure 150 and the touch sensing electrode structure.
  • the 140 is disposed in the same layer and disposed around the touch sensing electrode structure 140.
  • the direction sensing electrode structure 150 can be disposed around the touch sensing electrode structure 140 and symmetrically disposed. It should be noted that the direction sensing electrode structure 150 may be disposed in plurality to realize different directions.
  • the touch electrode unit may include only the touch sensing electrode structure and does not include the direction sensing electrode structure, which is not limited herein.
  • the electrowetting substrate 110 is movable relative to the touch substrate 120.
  • the electrowetting substrate 110 can be moved relative to the touch substrate 120 by static friction by an object such as a finger or a stylus, thereby driving the control electrode 112 and the corresponding conductive fluid 130 to move.
  • the conductive fluid 130 moves onto the direction sensing electrode structure 150 and turns on the direction sensing electrode structure 150, it can be determined that the moving direction of the touch operation is from the touch sensing electrode structure 140 to the direction of the direction sensing electrode structure 150. Therefore, the touch panel can recognize the moving direction of the touch operation, thereby providing a richer touch experience and implementing richer touch operation instructions.
  • the touch operation utilizes static friction to drive the electrowetting substrate to move
  • a variety of mobile types of touch operations can be performed without moving on the touch panel, and thus the touch panel can be applied to small electronic devices.
  • the touch panel can convert a small movement of the touch operation into a large movement of a pointer or an icon on the display screen of the display device to which the touch panel is applied, thereby completing various types. Touch command.
  • control electrode 112 can control the surface tension of the conductive fluid 130 by using a voltage, and form the conductive fluid 130 into a spherical shape, under the pressure of a touch operation (eg, a finger).
  • the conductive fluid 130 turns on the touch sensing electrode structure 140; as shown in FIG.
  • the electrowetting substrate 110 moves to the left relative to the touch substrate 120, thereby driving the control electrode 112 and the corresponding
  • the conductive fluid 130 is moved to the direction sensing electrode structure 150 on the left side of the touch sensing electrode structure 140 and the direction sensing electrode structure 150 is turned on, so that the moving direction of the touch operation can be determined from the touch sensing electrode structure 140 to The direction of the left side senses the direction of the electrode structure 150; as shown in FIG.
  • the electrowetting substrate 110 moves to the right relative to the touch substrate 120, thereby driving the control electrode 112 and the corresponding conductive
  • the fluid 130 moves to the direction sensing electrode structure 150 on the right side of the touch sensing electrode structure 140 and turns on the direction sensing electrode structure 150, so that the moving direction of the touch operation can be determined from the touch sensing electrode structure 140 to The direction on the right senses the direction of the electrode structure 150.
  • the direction-sensing electrode structure 150 can have the same structure as the touch-sensing electrode structure 140.
  • the direction sensing electrode structure and the touch sensing electrode structure have the same structure, and the direction sensing electrode structure and the touch sensing electrode structure have the same sensing electrode pattern (for example, the first sensing in the touch sensing electrode structure) The electrode and the second sensing electrode) and the same sensing electrode arrangement relationship.
  • the at least one direction sensing electrode structure may include a first direction sensing electrode structure 1501, a second direction sensing electrode structure 1502, and a third direction sensing electrode.
  • the first direction sensing electrode structure 1501 and the third direction sensing electrode structure 1503 are disposed along the first direction and are respectively disposed on the two sides of the touch sensing electrode structure 140, and the second direction sensing electrode structure 1502 and the fourth direction sensing electrode structure 1504 are along the first
  • the two directions are disposed and respectively disposed on both sides of the touch sensing electrode structure 140, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
  • the touch panel can recognize the moving direction of the four touch operations, and the four direction sensing electrode structures can be evenly dispersed around the touch sensing electrode structure. It should be noted that, in order to identify more moving directions of the touch operation, more directional sensing electrode structures may be disposed, which are not limited herein.
  • the first direction sensing electrode structure 1501, the second direction sensing electrode structure 1502, the third direction sensing electrode structure 1503, and the fourth direction sensing electrode are shown in FIG.
  • the structure 1504 can have the same structure as the touch sensing electrode structure 140, that is, the first direction sensing electrode structure 1501, the second direction sensing electrode structure 1502, the third direction sensing electrode structure 1503, and the fourth direction sensing electrode structure 1504.
  • the first direction sensing electrode 151, the first direction sensing insulating layer 152, and the second direction sensing electrode 153 are disposed in the same layer, and the first direction sensing insulating layer 152 is disposed between the first direction sensing electrode 151 and the second direction sensing electrode 153.
  • the touch panel includes a plurality of first electrode leads 161 and a plurality of second electrode leads 162.
  • the first electrode leads 161 are electrically connected to the first sensing electrodes 141 and the first direction sensing electrode structures respectively in the touch sensing electrode structure 140.
  • the second direction sensing electrode structure 1501, the third direction sensing electrode structure 1503, and the first direction sensing electrode structure 151 of the fourth direction sensing electrode structure 1504; the second electrode lead 162 is electrically connected to the touch sensing electrode structure 140, respectively.
  • the plurality of touch electrode units 190 are disposed on the second substrate substrate 121 in an array, and the touch electrode units 190 are in the same row.
  • the touch-control electrode unit 190 of the same column can be connected and connected to the column driving circuit 202, so that the position of the touch operation can be recognized.
  • the specific driving method can be referred to the general design. The disclosed embodiments are not described herein again.
  • a plurality of control electrodes 112 are arranged in an array on the first substrate 111, and the control electrodes 112 of the same row can be connected and connected.
  • the control electrode row driving circuit 203 is coupled to the plurality of touch electrode units 190 disposed on the second substrate 121 to implement the plurality of touch functions described above.
  • the display device includes a display panel 300 and a touch panel 100.
  • the touch panel 100 can include the touch panel described in any of the above.
  • the display device includes the touch panel described in any of the above, so that it has the technical effect corresponding to the technical effect of the touch panel included therein, that is, the display device can control the surface tension of the conductive fluid by using an electrowetting technique.
  • the shape of the conductive fluid changes, and the deformation caused by the touch can be used to detect the touch operation, the pressure of the touch operation, and the movement direction of the touch operation, thereby providing a novel touch panel.
  • the display panel 300 can adopt a liquid crystal display panel including an array substrate 310 and a counter substrate 320 disposed opposite to each other and disposed on the array substrate 310 and the opposite substrate 320 .
  • the liquid crystal layer 330 is interposed.
  • the display panel may also be a display panel such as an organic light emitting diode display panel or an electronic paper. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not described herein again.
  • the touch panel 100 is disposed on a side of the display panel 300 for display, and the touch substrate 120 is disposed on the touch panel 100 adjacent to the display panel.
  • the touch panel 300 is disposed on a side of the display panel 300 for display, and the touch substrate 120 is disposed on the touch panel 100 adjacent to the display panel.
  • One side of the 300 Therefore, when the display device is used for the touch operation, an object such as a finger or a stylus can directly contact the electrowetting substrate and realize various touch functions. Since the electrode structure on the electrowetting substrate is relatively simple, when an object such as a finger or a stylus is in contact with it and deformed, the electrowetting substrate is less affected, and the service life of the display device can be prolonged.
  • the touch substrate can also be disposed on the side of the touch panel away from the display panel, and various touch functions can be implemented by contacting the touch substrate.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited herein.
  • the display device further includes a glue layer 400 disposed between the touch panel 100 and the display panel 300 .
  • the adhesive layer 400 is used to bond the touch panel 100 and the display panel 300.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a touch panel sensing method, that is, a touch panel touch sensing method
  • the touch panel includes: an oppositely disposed electrowetting substrate and a touch substrate, and is disposed on the electrowetting substrate A conductive fluid between the substrate and the touch substrate.
  • the electrowetting substrate comprises a first substrate, a control electrode disposed on the first substrate, and a first insulating layer disposed on the first substrate and the control electrode, the first insulating layer covering the control electrode;
  • the substrate includes a second substrate and a touch electrode unit disposed on a side of the second substrate adjacent to the electrowetting substrate; the conductive fluid is disposed on a side of the first insulating layer away from the control electrode, and is disposed corresponding to the control electrode
  • the touch electrode unit is disposed opposite to the conductive fluid. As shown in FIG. 16, the touch detection method includes steps S401-S403.
  • Step S401 applying a voltage to the control electrode to control the deformation of the conductive fluid.
  • a voltage is applied to the control electrode and the conductive fluid is controlled to increase the surface tension of the conductive fluid to form a spheroid. Thereby, the distance between the lower edge of the conductive fluid and the touch substrate is reduced.
  • Step S402 Detecting a contact state of the touch electrode unit and the conductive fluid to determine whether there is a touch operation.
  • the above contact states include electrical connections.
  • detecting whether the touch electrode unit is turned on to determine whether there is a touch operation.
  • the touch electrode unit when the touch electrode unit is turned on, it can be determined that a touch operation occurs in a corresponding area of the touch electrode unit; when the touch electrode unit is not turned on, the corresponding area of the touch electrode unit can be determined. No touch operation takes place.
  • the control electrode in step S401, can control the surface tension of the conductive fluid by using a voltage, thereby increasing the surface tension of the conductive fluid to form a spheroidal shape, thereby enabling the lower edge and the contact of the conductive fluid.
  • the distance of the control electrode unit is changed.
  • the conductive fluid may be in contact with or at a certain distance from the touch electrode unit.
  • the touch electrode unit is in an unconducted state; when the touch panel is in contact with the conductive fluid
  • the touch operation occurs at a position, the position where the touch operation occurs is described on the side of the electrowetting substrate, and the pressure of the touch operation causes a certain deformation of the electrowetting substrate toward the touch substrate, thereby
  • the distance between the conductive fluid and the touch electrode unit is further shortened and the conductive fluid is turned on by the touch electrode unit.
  • the touch electrode unit is determined to be turned on to determine whether a touch operation occurs.
  • the touch detection method can control the surface tension of the conductive fluid by using an electrowetting technique to change the shape of the conductive fluid, and can detect the touch operation by using the deformation generated by the touch, thereby providing a novel touch.
  • Control panel It should be noted that, when not in the touch phase, no voltage can be applied to the control electrode, and the conductive fluid can be adsorbed on the first insulating layer and is flat. At this time, the conductive fluid is far away from the touch electrode unit, even if the touch is The touch panel is not touched by the touch electrode unit, thereby preventing accidental touch.
  • the touch electrode unit includes a touch sensing electrode structure, and the touch sensing electrode structure includes a first sensing electrode and a second sensing electrode insulated from each other; for example, the The touch sensing electrode structure includes a first sensing electrode, a second sensing electrode, and a first sensing insulating layer.
  • the first sensing electrode, the first sensing insulating layer, and the second sensing electrode are disposed in the same layer, and the first sensing insulating layer is disposed at the first layer.
  • the touch detecting method further includes: applying an electrical signal to one of the first sensing electrode and the second sensing electrode; and detecting the other of the first sensing electrode and the second sensing electrode Whether there is an electrical signal output to determine whether the touch electrode unit is turned on.
  • applying an electrical signal to the first sensing electrode and detecting whether the second sensing electrode has an electrical signal output or applying an electrical signal to the second sensing electrode and detecting whether the first sensing electrode has an electrical signal output. Therefore, it can be determined whether the touch sensing electrode structure is turned on, thereby determining whether the touch electrode unit is turned on by the conductive fluid, thereby recognizing the touch operation.
  • the contact area of the conductive fluid and the second sensing electrode may be different due to different pressures of the touch operation, thereby causing different contact resistances.
  • the magnitude of the pressure of the touch operation can be determined by detecting the magnitude of the electrical signal output by the second sensing electrode.
  • the touch detection method provided in the example of the embodiment may further include: increasing the magnitude of the voltage applied to the control electrode during a period in which the touch operation occurs; and recording the touch electrode unit when the touch sensor unit is turned on.
  • the magnitude of the voltage applied to the electrodes is controlled to determine the magnitude of the pressure of the touch operation. For example, during a period in which the touch operation occurs, the distance between the lower edge of the conductive fluid and the touch substrate is gradually reduced by gradually increasing the magnitude of the voltage applied to the control electrode, and the distance between the conductive fluid and the touch electrode unit is H1. Detecting whether the touch electrode unit is turned on: if the touch electrode unit 190 is turned on, the touch operation occurs, and the pressure of the touch operation is determined to be P1 according to the pre-stored data.
  • the non-conducting of the electrode unit 190 indicates that no touch operation occurs or the pressure of the touch operation is insufficient to turn on the touch electrode unit 190, that is, the touch pressure is less than P1; when the distance between the conductive fluid 130 and the touch electrode unit 190 is H2, When the H2 is smaller than the H1, it is determined whether the touch operation can be turned on by the touch control unit 190. If the touch electrode unit 190 is turned on, the touch operation occurs, and the touch operation can be determined according to the pre-stored data. If the pressure is P2 and P2 is less than P1, if the touch electrode unit 190 is not turned on, the touch operation does not occur or the pressure of the touch operation is insufficient to turn on the touch electrode unit 190. Force is less than P2.
  • the correspondence between the voltage applied to the control electrode and the distance between the control electrode and the touch electrode unit can be stored, so that the voltage applied to the control electrode and the control electrode and the touch can be controlled according to the magnitude of the voltage applied on the control electrode.
  • this embodiment can also use more voltage changes to generate more distances, thereby providing more pressure recognition levels, which are not limited herein.
  • the magnitude of the voltage applied to the control electrode may also be gradually reduced, and the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited herein.
  • the time period in which the touch operation occurs refers to a time period during which the touch operation occurs on the touch panel during the touch time period and the deformation occurs.
  • the touch sensing electrode structure further includes: a third sensing electrode, which is insulated from the first sensing electrode and the second sensing electrode, respectively.
  • the touch sensing electrode further includes a second sensing insulating layer, and the third sensing electrode and the second sensing insulating layer are disposed in the same layer as the first sensing electrode, the first sensing insulating layer and the second sensing electrode, and the second sensing insulating layer
  • the touch detection method further includes: detecting whether the third sensing electrode has an electrical signal output.
  • the electrical signal can determine the bit corresponding to the structure of the touch sensing electrode If no touch operation occurs, if the second sensing electrode detects the electrical signal, and the third sensing electrode does not detect the electrical signal, it can be determined that the position corresponding to the touch sensing electrode structure has a touch operation, and the touch The operating pressure is P1.
  • the second sensing electrode and the third sensing electrode both detect an electrical signal, it can be determined that the touch sensing operation occurs at a position corresponding to the touch sensing electrode structure, and the pressure of the touch operation is P2. And P2 is greater than P1.
  • P2 is greater than P1.
  • more sensing electrodes and inductive insulating layers may be provided to provide more pressure recognition levels, which are not limited herein.
  • the touch electrode unit further includes at least one touch sensing electrode structure, and the touch sensing electrode structure and the touch sensing electrode structure are disposed in the same layer and are disposed on the touch.
  • the touch detection method further includes: detecting whether the direction sensing electrode is turned on to determine whether the touch operation moves in a direction from the touch sensing electrode structure to the touch sensing electrode structure. Therefore, the touch detection method can be used to identify the moving direction of the touch operation.
  • the electrowetting substrate is movable relative to the touch substrate.

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Abstract

一种触控面板及其触控检测方法以及显示装置。该触控面板包括相对设置的电润湿基板(110)和触控基板(120)以及设置在电润湿基板(110)和触控基板(120)之间的导电流体(130)。电润湿基板(110)包括第一衬底基板(111)、控制电极(112)以及第一绝缘层(113)；导电流体(130)设置在第一绝缘层(113)远离控制电极(112)的一侧，并且与控制电极(112)对应设置；触控基板(120)包括第二衬底基板(121)和设置在第二衬底基板(121)上靠近电润湿基板(110)一侧的触控电极单元(190)，触控电极单元(190)与导电流体(130)相对设置，触控面板被配置为当触控发生时，导电流体(130)在控制电极(112)的控制下与触控电极单元(190)接触以识别触控操作。该触控面板可提供一种新型的触控面板。

Description

触控面板及其触控检测方法以及显示装置
本申请要求于2016年10月28日递交的中国专利申请第201610967159.X号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本公开的实施例涉及一种触控面板、触控面板的触控检测方法以及显示装置。
背景技术
随着触控技术的不断发展，触控技术在手机、平板、笔记本电脑等电子产品中的应用日益广泛。触摸技术作为一种人机交互方式，由于其具有直接、高效、准确、流畅、时尚等特点，大大提高了人和计算机对话的效率和便利性，可让工作和生活变得更加高效和生动。
压力触控技术是一种可以感知触控操作的力度的技术，可根据触控操作的力度不同调出不同的对应功能，从而可丰富触控交互的层次及使用体验。另外，在触觉互动上，压力触控技术还可产生触觉反馈，可在不牺牲物理按键的触觉反馈的前提下，更好地替代物理按键的作用。
发明内容
本公开至少一实施例提供一种触控面板及其触控检测方法以及显示装置。该触控面板可利用电润湿技术控制导电流体的表面张力来使导电流体的形状发生变化，从而可利用触控产生的形变来检测触控操作，从而可提供一种新型触控面板。该触控面板还可识别触控操作的压力大小，提升用户的触控体验。该触控面板通过导电流体与触控电极结构的接触来实现触控压力大小的识别，可避免固体感应器件的接触产生的损耗，从而可延长该触控面板的使用寿命。另外，该触控面板还可应用在面积较小的电子设备上并且可实现多种移动类型的触控操作和指令。
本公开至少一个实施例提供一种触控面板，其包括：电湿润基板、导电流体和触控基板；所述触控基板与所述电润湿基板相对设置，所述导电流体设置 在所述电润湿基板和所述触控基板之间；所述电润湿基板包括第一衬底基板、设置在所述第一衬底基板靠近所述触控基板的一侧的控制电极以及设置在所述控制电极靠近所述触控基板一侧的第一绝缘层；所述触控基板包括第二衬底基板和设置在所述第二衬底基板靠近所述电润湿基板一侧的触控电极单元；所述导电流体设置在所述第一绝缘层远离所述控制电极的一侧，并且与所述控制电极对应设置；所述触控电极单元与所述导电流体相对设置；所述触控面板被配置为当触控发生时，所述导电流体在控制电极的控制下与所述触控电极单元接触以识别触控操作。
在一些示例中，所述触控电极单元包括触控感应电极结构，所述触控感应电极结构包括：相互绝缘的第一感应电极和第二感应电极，所述第一感应电极以及所述第二感应电极同层设置。
在一些示例中，所述第一感应电极为中心电极，所述第二感应电极为围绕所述第一感应电极设置的环状电极。
在一些示例中，所述环状电极的形状包括：矩形环、八边形环或圆环。
在一些示例中，在沿平行于所述第二衬底基板并且通过所述第一感应电极的中心的方向上，所述第二感应电极的宽度大于所述第一感应电极的宽度。
在一些示例中，所述触控感应电极结构还包括：第三感应电极，所述第三感应电极与所述第一感应电极和所述第二感应电极相互绝缘，所述第三感应电极、所述第一感应电极、以及所述第二感应电极同层设置。
在一些示例中，所述触控电极结构还包括至少一个方向感应电极结构，所述方向感应电极结构与所述触控感应电极结构同层间隔设置并设置在所述触控感应电极结构周围。
在一些示例中，所述方向感应电极结构与所述触控感应电极结构具有相同的结构。
在一些示例中，所述至少一个方向感应电极结构包括：第一方向感应电极结构；第二方向感应电极结构；第三方向感应电极结构；以及第四方向感应电极结构，所述第一方向感应电极结构与所述第三方向感应电极结构沿第一方向设置并分别设置在所述触控感应电极结构两侧，所述第二方向感应电极结构与所述第四方向感应电极结构沿第二方向设置并分别设置在所述触控感应电极结构两侧，所述第一方向垂直于所述第二方向。
在一些示例中，触控面板还包括：绝缘流体，设置在所述电润湿基板和所 述触控基板之间。
在一些示例中，所述导电流体的密度小于所述绝缘流体的密度。
在一些示例中，触控面板还包括：第一电极引线，与所述第一感应电极电性相连；第二电极引线，与所述第二感应电极电性相连，所述第一电极引线输入电信号，所述第二电极引线输出电信号，或者，所述第一电极引线输出电信号，所述第二电极引线输入电信号。
本公开至少一个实施例提供一种显示装置，其包括显示面板以及触控面板，所述触控面板包括上述任一项所述的触控面板。
本公开至少一个实施例提供一种触控面板的触控检测方法，用于上述的触控面板，包括：对所述控制电极施加电压以控制所述导电流体形变；以及检测所述触控电极单元与所述导电流体接触状态，以判断是否有触控操作。
在一些示例中，所述触控电极结构包括触控感应电极结构，所述触控感应电极结构包括：相互绝缘的第一感应电极和第二感应电极，所述第一感应电极和所述第二感应电极同层设置，所述检测所述触控电极单元与所述导电流体接触状态，以判断是否有触控操作的步骤包括：通过检测第一感应电极和第二感应电极是否导通以判断是否有触控操作。
在一些示例中，所述检测所述触控电极单元与所述导电流体接触状态，以判断是否有触控操作的步骤还包括：对所述第一感应电极和第二感应电极中的一个施加电信号；以及检测第一感应电极和第二感应电极中的另一个是否有电信号输出。
在一些示例中，所述触控检测方法还包括：对所述第一感应电极和第二感应电极中的一个施加电信号；检测第一感应电极和第二感应电极中的另一个的电信号大小以判断触控压力的大小。
在一些示例中，所述触控检测方法还包括：在触控操作发生的时间段，逐渐增加或减小对所述控制电极施加的电压的大小；以及当检测到所述触控电极单元导通时，记录此时所述控制电极上施加的电压的大小。
在一些示例中，所述触控感应电极结构还包括：第三感应电极，所述第三感应电极与所述第一感应电极和所述第二感应电极相互绝缘，所述第三感应电极、所述第一感应电极、以及所述第二感应电极同层设置，所述触控检测方法还包括：检测所述第三感应电极是否有电信号输出。
在一些示例中，所述触控电极单元还包括至少一个方向感应电极结构，所 述方向感应电极结构与所述触控感应电极结构同层间隔设置并设置在所述触控感应电极结构周围，所述触控检测方法还包括：检测所述方向感应电极是否导通，以判断所述触控操作是否沿从所述触控感应电极结构到所述方向感应电极结构的方向移动。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本公开的一些实施例，而非对本公开的限制。
图1为本公开一实施例提供的一种触控面板的结构示意图；
图2为本公开一实施例提供的一种触控面板控制电极施加电压后的示意图；
图3为本公开一实施例提供的一种触控面板被触控的示意图；
图4为本公开一实施例提供的另一种触控面板的结构示意图；
图5为本公开一实施例提供的一种触控感应电极结构的示意图；
图6为本公开一实施例提供的另一种触控感应电极结构的示意图；
图7A为本公开一实施例提供的另一种触控感应电极结构的示意图；
图7B为本公开一实施例提供的另一种触控面板的结构示意图；
图8为本公开一实施例提供的另一种触控面板的结构示意图；
图9为本公开一实施例提供的另一种触控面板被触控的示意图；
图10为本公开一实施例提供的一种触控面板感应触控操作运动方向的示意图；
图11为本公开一实施例提供的另一种触控面板感应触控操作运动方向的示意图；
图12为本公开一实施例提供的一种触控电极单元的结构示意图；
图13为本公开一实施例提供的一种触控基板的平面示意图；
图14为本公开一实施例提供的一种电润湿基板的平面示意图；
图15为本公开一实施例提供的一种显示装置的结构示意图；以及
图16为本公开一实施例提供的一种触控面板的触控检测方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。
随着可穿戴式智能设备的不断发展，可穿戴式智能设备的种类也越来越多。然而，本申请的发明人发现：通常的可穿戴智能设备(例如智能手表)的体积较小，触控屏的面积受到限制，无法完成用于常规触控屏幕(例如智能手机)的多种移动类型的手势操作，从而降低了用户的触控体验。另外，通常的压力感应触控技术例如采用压电陶瓷，是通过固体感应器件的接触来实现触控压力大小的识别。然而，由于固体感应器件的接触会产生较大的损耗，从而会降低采用该压力感应触控技术的设备的使用寿命。
本公开实施例提供一种触控面板及其感应方法以及显示装置。该触控面板包括电润湿基板、导电流体以及触控基板。电润湿基板包括第一衬底基板、设置在第一衬底基板上的控制电极以及设置在第一衬底基板和控制电极上的第一绝缘层；导电流体，设置在第一绝缘层远离控制电极的一侧，并且与控制电极对应设置，控制电极被配置为利用电压控制导电流体的表面张力；触控基板与电润湿基板相对设置，导电流体设置在电润湿基板和触控基板之间，触控基板包括第二衬底基板和设置在第二衬底基板靠近电润湿基板一侧上的触控电极结构，触控电极结构与导电流体相对设置，并被配置为通过导电流体的靠近所述触控电极单元的移动而导通，以识别触控操作。也就是说，该触控面板可在触控发生时，导电流体在控制电极的控制下与触控电极单元接触以识别触控操作。该触控面板可利用电润湿技术控制导电流体的表面张力来使导电流体的形状发生变化，从而可利用触控产生的形变来检测触控操作，从而可提供一种 新型触控面板。该触控面板还可识别触控操作的压力大小，提升用户的触控体验。该触控面板通过导电流体与触控电极结构的接触来实现触控压力大小的识别，可避免固体感应器件的接触产生的损耗，从而可延长该触控面板的使用寿命。另外，该触控面板还可应用在面积较小的电子设备上并且可实现多种移动类型的触控操作和指令。需要说明的是，上述的触控面板的感应方法是指触控面板的触控检测方法。
下面结合附图对本公开实施例提供的触控面板及其触控检测方法以及显示装置进行说明。
实施例一
本实施例提供一种触控面板，如图1所示，该触控面板包括相对设置的电润湿基板110和触控基板120以及设置在电润湿基板110和触控基板120之间的导电流体130。电润湿基板110包括第一衬底基板111、设置在第一衬底基板111上的控制电极112以及设置在第一衬底基板111和控制电极112上的第一绝缘层113，第一绝缘层113覆盖控制电极112；触控基板120包括第二衬底基板121以及设置在第二衬底基板121靠近电润湿基板110一侧的触控电极单元190；导电流体130设置在第一绝缘层113上远离控制电极112的一侧，并且与控制电极112对应设置，控制电极112用于利用电压控制导电流体130的表面张力，也就是说，导电流体130在第一绝缘层113上的投影与控制电极112在第一绝缘层113上的投影至少部分重叠，从而控制电极112可利用电压控制导电流体130的表面张力；触控电极单元190与导电流体130相对设置，并可通过导电流体130的下移而导通，以识别触控操作。也就是说，该触控面板可在触控发生时，导电流体130在控制电极112的控制下与触控电极单元190接触以识别触控操作。需要说明的是，上述的“下移”是指靠近触控电极单元的移动。
在本实施例提供的触控面板中，控制电极112可利用电压控制导电流体130的表面张力，从而可改变导电流体130的形状，进而可使导电流体130(下边缘)与触控电极单元190的距离发生改变，此时导电流体130可以与触控电极单元190部分接触或者相距一定的距离，触控电极单元190处于未导通的状态；例如，如图2所示，控制电极112利用电压使导电流体130的形状改变并形成类球体，此时导电流体130与触控电极单元190部分接触，例如与触控电极单元190的一个电极接触(也可不与触控电极单元190接触，本公开实施例 在此不作限制)，此时触控电极单元190不导通；当该触控面板上与导电流体130所在的位置处发生触控操作时，以触控操作发生的位置在电润湿基板一侧为例进行说明，触控操作的压力可使电润湿基板110向触控基板120的方向发生一定的形变，从而使导电流体130与触控电极单元190的距离进一步缩短并使导电流体130导通触控电极单元190，此时可通过判断触控电极单元190是否导通以判断是否有触控操作发生；例如，如图3所示，触控面板上发生触控操作的位置的电润湿基板110向下移动并带动导电流体130向触控电极单元190移动，从而使导电流体130与触控电极单元190的接触面积增加并使触控电极单元190导通，例如：导电流体130可通过与触控电极单元190中相互绝缘的触点相接触，以使两个触点导通。由此，该触控面板可利用电润湿技术控制导电流体的表面张力来使导电流体的形状发生变化，并可利用触控产生的形变来检测触控操作，从而可提供一种新型触控面板。需要说明的是，在该触控面板不工作的时候，控制电极112可不施加电压，导电流体130可吸附在第一绝缘层113上并呈扁平状，此时导电流体130与触控电极单元190距离较远，即使触控面板被触控也不会与触控电极单元190接触，从而可防止误触的发生。需要说明的是，触控操作发生的位置可在电润湿基板一侧也可在触控基板一侧，本公开实施例在此不作限制。
另一方面，在本实施例提供的触控面板中，可通过调节控制电极112的电压大小来调节导电流体130的表面张力的大小，从而可调节导电流体130(例如下边缘)与触控电极单元190的距离，进而就可通过判断触控电极单元190是否导通来确定不同距离下是否发生了触控操作，并通过预先存储的控制电极电压与上述距离的对应关系来确定触控压力的大小。例如，触控面板还可包括存储器和处理电路，存储器可存储施加在控制电极上的电压与控制电极和触控电极单元的距离的对应关系，处理电路可根据当前施加给控制电极的电压、存储在存储器里的控制电极上的电压与控制电极和触控电极单元的距离的对应关系以及触控电极单元是否导通来判断是否有触控操作发生以及触控操作的压力大小。例如，存储器可包括ROM或RAM。需要说明的是，上述的存储器和处理电路可与驱动IC集成为一体。例如，当导电流体130与触控电极单元190的距离为H1时，判断触控操作可否使触控电极单元190导通：若此时触控电极单元190导通说明有触控操作发生，并且根据预先存储的数据可判断该触控操作的压力为P1，若此时触控电极单元190不导通则说明没有触控操作发 生或者触控操作的压力不足以导通触控电极单元190即触控压力小于P1；当导电流体130与触控电极单元190的距离为H2，并且H2小于H1时，判断触控操作可否使触控电极单元190导通：若此时触控电极单元190导通说明有触控操作发生，并且根据预先存储的数据可判断该触控操作的压力为P2且P2小于P1，若此时触控电极单元190不导通则说明没有触控操作发生或者触控操作的压力不足以导通触控电极单元190即触控压力小于P2。需要说明的是，上述的H2可以为零，即导电流体130与触控电极单元190相接触，并且还可通过设置多个距离(例如，H1、H2、H3等)来提供更多的识别等级。另外，上述的判断触控压力大小的方法仅用于说明该触控面板可识别触控操作的压力大小，本实施例还可采用其他方式来识别触控操作的压力大小，本公开实施例在此不作限制。另外，该触控面板通过导电流体与触控电极单元的接触来实现触控压力大小的识别，可避免固体感应器件的接触产生的损耗，从而可延长该触控面板的使用寿命。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的触控面板中，可设置多个触控电极单元及其对应的导电流体和控制电极来识别触控操作的位置。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的触控面板中，如图1-3所示，该触控面板还包括设置在电润湿基板110和触控基板120之间的隔垫物180，以维持电润湿基板110和触控基板120之间的距离。
例如，如图1-3所示，可在相邻的触控电极单元190之间设置隔垫物180，从而保证各触控电极单元190和与之对应设置的控制电极112和导电流体130构成的触控单元可相对独立，也就是说，当该触控单元对应的区域被触控并产生形变时不会影响与该触控单元相邻的触控单元，从而可避免导致与该触控单元相邻的触控单元对应的区域也发生形变，可在该触控面板用于识别触控操作的位置时提高触控操作位置识别的精准度。
例如，第一绝缘层的材料可包括疏水性材料，例如，含氟聚合物、聚酰亚胺等。
例如，导电流体的材料可为分散有导电材料的油墨。例如，可通过在连接料中分散导电材料(金、银、铜、碳等)以形成上述油墨。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的触控面板中，如图1-3所示，该触控面板还包括设置在电润湿基板110和触控基板120周边的封框胶185。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的触控面板中，如图4所示，该触控面板还 包括设置在电润湿基板110与触控基板120之间的绝缘流体170。由此，绝缘流体170可将导电流体130与触控电极单元190绝缘，并且可为导电流体130提供一定的浮力，将导电流体130约束在第一绝缘层113上。显然，绝缘流体与导电流体互不相溶。
例如，绝缘流体可包括去离子水等相似特性的绝缘液体。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的触控面板中，导电流体的密度小于绝缘流体的密度，从而使导电流体更稳定地约束在第一绝缘层113上。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的触控面板中，如图1和5所示，触控电极单元190包括触控感应电极结构140，触控感应电极结构140包括相互绝缘的第一感应电极141和第二感应电极143，第一感应电极141和第二感应电极143同层设置。例如，触控感应电极结构140还可包括第一感应绝缘层142，第一感应绝缘层142设置在第一感应电极141和第二感应电极143之间以将第一感应电极141和第二感应电极143相互绝缘。当与触控电极单元190相对设置的导电流体130不与触控感应电极结构140接触或者仅与第一感应电极141接触时，触控感应电极结构140处于不导通状态，即第一感应电极141和第二感应电极143绝缘；当与触控电极单元190相对设置的导电流体130与第一感应电极141和第二感应电极143同时接触时，触控感应电极结构140导通，即第一感应电极141和第二感应电极143可通过导电流体130电性相连，此时可通过向第一感应电极141施加电信号，并检测第二感应电极143的电信号，或者通过向第二感应电极143施加电信号，并检测第一感应电极141的电信号，可判断触控感应电极结构140是否导通，从而识别触控操作。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的触控面板中，如图5和图6所示，第一感应电极141可为中心电极1410，第二感应电极143可为围绕第一感应电极141设置的环状电极1430。由此，当与该触控感应电极结构相对设置的导电流体向触控感应电极结构移动时，会先接触中心电极1410然后接触环状电极1430，从而可实现识别触控操作，具体可参见上述的描述。
例如，如图5所示，中心电极的形状可为矩形或方形。如图6所示，中心电极的形状也可为圆形。
相应地，如图5所示，环状电极1430的形状可以为矩形环或方形环。如图6所示，环状电极1430的形状可以为圆形环。当然，环状电极1430的形状还可为其他形状，例如八边形环等，本公开实施例在此不作限制。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的触控面板中，在感应触控操作时，当第一感应电极输入电信号，第二感应电极输出电信号时，由于触控操作的压力不同会导致导电流体与第二感应电极的接触面积不同，从而导致不同的接触电阻，此时可通过检测第二感应电极输出的电信号的大小来判断触控操作的压力大小。由此，如图6所示，在沿平行于第二衬底基板121并且通过第一感应电极141的中心的方向上，第二感应电极143的宽度可大于第一感应电极141的宽度，从而提供更多的压力识别等级。例如，当第一感应电极为圆形，其中心为圆心；当第一感应电极为矩形，其中心为其对角线的交点。需要说明的是，当第二感应电极输入电信号，第一感应电极输出电信号时，同样可通过检测第一感应电极输出的电信号的大小来判断触控操作的压力大小。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的触控面板中，如图6所示，该触控面板还包括与第一感应电极141电性相连的第一电极引线161以及与第二感应电极143电性相连的第二电极引线162。第一电极引线161可用于输入电信号，第二电极引线162可用于输出电信号，或者第一电极引线161用于输出电信号，第二电极引线162用于输入电信号。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的触控面板中，如图7A所示，触控感应电极结构还可包括第三感应电极145，第三感应电极145与第一感应电极141和第二感应电极143相互绝缘且同层设置。如图7A所示，触控感应电极结构还可包括第二感应绝缘层144。第三感应电极145、第二感应绝缘层144与第一感应电极141、第一感应绝缘层142以及第二感应电极同层143同层设置，第二感应绝缘层144设置在第二感应电极143与第三感应电极145之间。由此，可利用与第一感应电极141、第二感应电极143绝缘的第三感应电极145来识别不同的触控压力。例如，在感应触控操作时，向第一感应电极141施加电信号，此时导电流体130可以与触控感应电极结构140部分接触或者相距一定的距离，触控感应电极结构140处于未导通的状态；若第二感应电极143和第三感应电极145均检测不到电信号，则可判断该触控感应电极结构140对应的位置没有触控操作发生，若第二感应电极143检测到电信号，而第三感应电极145检测不到电信号，则可判断该触控感应电极结构140对应的位置有触控操作发生，并且该触控操作的压力为P1，若第二感应电极143和第三感应电极145都检测到电信号，则可判断该触控感应电极结构140对应的位置有触控操作发生，并且该触控操作的压力为P2，且P2大于P1。当然，该触控面板还可设置 更多的感应电极以及感应绝缘层以提供更多的压力识别等级，本公开实施例在此不作限制。
值得注意的是，本公开实施例包括但不限于此，如图7B所示，触控感应电极结构140也可仅包括一个触控感应电极。由于导电流体与触控感应电极具有接触电阻，如果导电流体与触控感应电极没有接触，触控感应电极具有一个电阻R1，如果两者接触以后，触控感应电极的电阻会变为R2。通过检测触控感应电极的电阻大小，也可实现触控检测。另外导电流体和触控感应电极接触后，压力不同，两者的接触面积不同，两者之间的接触电阻也不同，也可以测试接触电阻的不同实现触控压力检测。
实施例二
在实施例一的基础上，本实施例提供一种触控面板，如图8所示，触控电极单元190还包括至少一个方向感应电极结构150，方向感应电极结构150与触控感应电极结构140同层设置并设置在触控感应电极结构140周围，例如，方向感应电极结构150可设置在触控感应电极结构140的四周并对称设置。需要说明的是，方向感应电极结构150可设置多个，以实现识别不同的方向。另外，当该触控面板无需识别触控操作的运动方向时，触控电极单元可仅包括触控感应电极结构不包括方向感应电极结构，本公开实施例在此不作限制。
例如，电润湿基板110相对于触控基板120可移动。
在使用本实施例提供的触控面板时，可通过手指或触控笔等物体利用静摩擦力带动电润湿基板110相对于触控基板120移动，从而带动控制电极112以及对应的导电流体130移动；当导电流体130移动到方向感应电极结构150上并导通方向感应电极结构150时，可判断触控操作的运动方向为从触控感应电极结构140到该方向感应电极结构150的方向。由此，该触控面板可识别触控操作的运动方向，从而可提供更丰富的触控体验和实现更丰富的触控操作指令。另外，由于触控操作是利用静摩擦力带动电润湿基板移动，不需要在触控面板上移动就可完成多种移动类型的触控操作，因此该触控面板可应用于小型的电子设备，例如智能穿戴设备。另外，该触控面板可通过较大的映射比例，将触控操作的微小移动转变为应用该触控面板的显示装置上指针或图标在显示屏幕上较大的移动，从而可完成各种类型的触控命令。
例如，如图9所示，控制电极112可利用电压控制导电流体130的表面张力，并使导电流体130形成类球形，此时在触控操作(例如手指)的压力下， 导电流体130将触控感应电极结构140导通；如图10所示，在触控操作的作用下，电润湿基板110相对于触控基板120向左运动，从而带动控制电极112以及对应的导电流体130移动到该触控感应电极结构140左侧的方向感应电极结构150并将方向感应电极结构150导通，从而可判断该触控操作的运动方向为从触控感应电极结构140到位于其左侧的方向感应电极结构150的方向；如图11所示，在触控操作的作用下，电润湿基板110相对于触控基板120向右运动，从而带动控制电极112以及对应的导电流体130移动到该触控感应电极结构140右侧的方向感应电极结构150并将方向感应电极结构150导通，从而可判断该触控操作的运动方向为从触控感应电极结构140到位于其右侧的方向感应电极结构150的方向。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的触控面板中，如图8-11所示，方向感应电极结构150可与触控感应电极结构140具有相同的结构，具体可参见实施例一中的相关描述。需要说明的是，方向感应电极结构与触控感应电极结构具有相同的结构是指方向感应电极结构与触控感应电极结构具有同样的感应电极图案(例如，触控感应电极结构中的第一感应电极和第二感应电极)以及同样的感应电极排布关系。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的触控面板中，如图12所示，至少一个方向感应电极结构可包括第一方向感应电极结构1501、第二方向感应电极结构1502、第三方向感应电极结构1503以及第四方向感应电极结构1504。第一方向感应电极结构1501与第三方向感应电极结构1503沿第一方向设置并分别设置在触控感应电极结构140两侧，第二方向感应电极结构1502与第四方向感应电极结构1504沿第二方向设置并分别设置在触控感应电极结构140两侧，并且第一方向垂直于第二方向。由此，该触控面板可识别四个触控操作的运动方向，并且四个方向感应电极结构可均匀地分散在触控感应电极结构周围。需要说明的是，为识别更多的触控操作的运动方向，还可设置更多的方向感应电极结构，本公开实施例在此不作限制。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的触控面板中，如图12所示，第一方向感应电极结构1501、第二方向感应电极结构1502、第三方向感应电极结构1503以及第四方向感应电极结构1504可与触控感应电极结构140具有相同的结构，也就是说，第一方向感应电极结构1501、第二方向感应电极结构1502、第三方向感应电极结构1503以及第四方向感应电极结构1504可分别包括第一方向 感应电极151、第二方向感应电极153以及第一方向感应绝缘层152。第一方向感应电极151、第一方向感应绝缘层152以及第二方向感应电极153同层设置，并且第一方向感应绝缘层152设置在第一方向感应电极151和第二方向感应电极153之间。该触控面板包括多条第一电极引线161和多个第二电极引线162，第一电极引线161分别电性连接触控感应电极结构140中的第一感应电极141以及第一方向感应电极结构1501、第二方向感应电极结构1502、第三方向感应电极结构1503和第四方向感应电极结构1504中的第一方向感应电极151；第二电极引线162分别电性连接触控感应电极结构140中的第二感应电极143以及第一方向感应电极结构1501、第二方向感应电极结构1502、第三方向感应电极结构1503和第四方向感应电极结构1504中的第二方向感应电极153。由此，通过多条第一电极引线161和第二电极引线162可向触控电极单元施加电信号以及检测电信号，从而实现各种触控功能。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的触控面板中，如图13所示，多个触控电极单元190呈阵列设置在第二衬底基板121上，并且同属同一行的触控电极单元190可相连并连接至行驱动电路201，同属同一列的触控电极单元190可相连并连接至列驱动电路202，从而可实现对触控操作的位置的识别，具体驱动方式可参考通常设计，本公开实施例在此不再赘述。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的触控面板中，如图14所示，多个控制电极112呈阵列设置在第一衬底基板111上，并且同属同一行的控制电极112可相连并连接至控制电极行驱动电路203，从而可与设置在第二衬底基板121上的多个触控电极单元190相互配合以实现上述的多种触控功能。
实施例三
本实施例提供一种显示装置，如图15所示，该显示装置包括显示面板300和触控面板100，触控面板100可包括上述任一项所描述的触控面板。该显示装置包括上述任一项所描述的触控面板，因此其具有与其包括的触控面板的技术效果相应的技术效果，即该显示装置可可利用电润湿技术控制导电流体的表面张力来使导电流体的形状发生变化，并可利用触控产生的形变来实现检测触控操作、触控操作的压力以及触控操作的运动方向等功能，从而可提供一种新型触控面板。
例如，如图15所示，显示面板300可采用液晶显示面板，其包括相对设置的阵列基板310和对置基板320以及设置在阵列基板310和对置基板320之 间的液晶层330。当然，该显示面板还可采用有机发光二极管显示面板、电子纸等显示面板，本公开实施例在此不再赘述。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的显示装置中，如图15所示，触控面板100设置在显示面板300用于显示的一侧，并且触控基板120设置在触控面板100靠近显示面板300的一侧。由此，在使用该显示装置进行触控操作时，手指或触控笔等物体可直接与电润湿基板接触并实现各种触控功能。由于电润湿基板上的电极结构相对比较简单，当手指或触控笔等物体与其接触并产生形变时，电润湿基板受到的影响较小，可延长该显示装置的使用寿命。当然，触控基板也可设置在触控面板远离显示面板的一侧，通过与触控基板接触来实现各种触控功能，本公开实施例在此不作限制。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的显示装置中，如图15所示，该显示装置还包括胶层400，设置在触控面板100与显示面板300之间。该胶层400用于将触控面板100和显示面板300粘结。
实施例四
本实施例提供一种触控面板的感应方法，也即一种触控面板的触控检测方法，该触控面板包括：相对设置的电润湿基板和触控基板以及设置在电润湿基板和触控基板之间的导电流体。电润湿基板包括第一衬底基板、设置在第一衬底基板上的控制电极以及设置在第一衬底基板和控制电极上的第一绝缘层，第一绝缘层覆盖控制电极；触控基板包括第二衬底基板以及设置在第二衬底基板靠近电润湿基板一侧的触控电极单元；导电流体设置在第一绝缘层上远离控制电极的一侧，并且与控制电极对应设置，触控电极单元与导电流体相对设置，如图16所示，该触控检测方法包括步骤S401-S403。
步骤S401：对控制电极施加电压以控制导电流体变形。
例如，在触控时间段，对控制电极施加电压并控制导电流体，使导电流体的表面张力增加以形成类球形。由此，导电流体的下边缘与触控基板的距离得以减小。
步骤S402：检测触控电极单元与导电流体的接触状态，以判断是否有触控操作。上述的接触状态包括电连接。
例如，检测触控电极单元是否导通，以判断是否有触控操作。
例如，当触控电极单元导通时，则可判断该触控电极单元对应的区域有触控操作发生；当触控电极单元不导通时，则可判断该触控电极单元对应的区域 没有触控操作发生。
在本实施例提供的触控检测方法中，通过步骤S401，控制电极可利用电压控制导电流体的表面张力，从而使导电流体的表面张力增加以形成类球形，进而可使导电流体下边缘与触控电极单元的距离发生改变，此时导电流体可以与触控电极单元部分接触或者相距一定的距离，此时触控电极单元处于未导通的状态；当该触控面板上与导电流体所在的位置处发生触控操作时，以触控操作发生的位置在电润湿基板一侧为例进行说明，触控操作的压力可使电润湿基板向触控基板的方向发生一定的形变，从而使导电流体与触控电极单元的距离进一步缩短并使导电流体导通触控电极单元，此时可通过步骤S402判断触控电极单元,是否导通以判断是否有触控操作发生。由此，该触控检测方法可利用电润湿技术控制导电流体的表面张力来使导电流体的形状发生变化，并可利用触控产生的形变来检测触控操作，从而可提供一种新型触控面板。需要说明的是，当不在触控阶段时，可不向控制电极施加电压，导电流体可吸附在第一绝缘层上并呈扁平状，此时导电流体与触控电极单元距离较远，即使触控面板被触控也不会与触控电极单元接触，从而可防止误触的发生。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的触控检测方法中，触控电极单元包括触控感应电极结构，该触控感应电极结构包括相互绝缘的第一感应电极和第二感应电极；例如，该触控感应电极结构包括第一感应电极、第二感应电极以及第一感应绝缘层，第一感应电极、第一感应绝缘层以及第二感应电极同层设置，第一感应绝缘层设置在第一感应电极和第二感应电极之间，该触控检测方法还包括：对第一感应电极和第二感应电极中的一个施加电信号；以及检测第一感应电极和第二感应电极中的另一个是否有电信号输出，从而判断触控电极单元是否导通。
例如，对第一感应电极施加电信号以及检测第二感应电极是否有电信号输出，或者对第二感应电极施加电信号以及检测第一感应电极是否有电信号输出。由此，可判断触控感应电极结构是否导通，从而可判断触控电极单元是否被导电流体导通，进而可识别触控操作。
例如，当第一感应电极输入电信号，第二感应电极输出电信号时，由于触控操作的压力不同会导致导电流体与第二感应电极的接触面积不同，从而导致不同的接触电阻，此时可通过检测第二感应电极输出的电信号的大小来判断触控操作的压力大小。
例如，本实施例一示例提供的触控检测方法还可包括：在触控操作发生的时间段，逐渐增加对控制电极施加的电压的大小；以及当检测触控电极单元导通时，记录此时控制电极上施加的电压的大小，从而判断触控操作的压力大小。例如，在触控操作发生的时间段，通过逐渐增加对控制电极施加的电压的大小，导电流体的下边缘与触控基板的距离逐渐减小，当导电流体与触控电极单元的距离为H1时，检测触控电极单元是否导通：若此时触控电极单元190导通说明有触控操作发生，并且根据预先存储的数据可判断该触控操作的压力为P1，若此时触控电极单元190不导通则说明没有触控操作发生或者触控操作的压力不足以导通触控电极单元190即触控压力小于P1；当导电流体130与触控电极单元190的距离为H2，并且H2小于H1时，判断触控操作可否使触控电极单元190导通：若此时触控电极单元190导通说明有触控操作发生，并且根据预先存储的数据可判断该触控操作的压力为P2且P2小于P1，若此时触控电极单元190不导通则说明没有触控操作发生或者触控操作的压力不足以导通触控电极单元190即触控压力小于P2。例如，可存储施加在控制电极上的电压与控制电极与触控电极单元的距离的对应关系，从而可根据记录的控制电极上施加的电压的大小、控制电极上的电压与控制电极与触控电极单元的距离的对应关系以及触控电极单元是否导通来判断是否有触控操作发生以及触控操作的压力大小。
当然，本实施例还可采用更多的电压变化，以产生更多的距离，从而提供更多的压力识别等级，本公开实施例在此不作限制。另外，也可逐渐减小对控制电极施加的电压的大小，本公开实施例在此不作限制。需要说明的是，上述的触控操作发生的时间段是指在触控时间段触控操作在触控面板上发生作用并产生形变的时间段。
例如，在本实施例一示例提供的触控检测方法中，触控感应电极结构还包括：第三感应电极，与第一感应电极和第二感应电极分别绝缘。例如，该触控感应电极还包括第二感应绝缘层，第三感应电极和第二感应绝缘层与第一感应电极、第一感应绝缘层以及第二感应电极同层设置，第二感应绝缘层设置在第二感应电极与第三感应电极之间，所述触控检测方法还包括：检测第三感应电极是否有电信号输出。由此，在向第一感应电极施加电信号，检测第二感应电极是否有电信号输出时，检测第三感应电极是否有电信号输出，若第二感应电极和第三感应电极均检测不到电信号，则可判断该触控感应电极结构对应的位 置没有触控操作发生，若第二感应电极检测到电信号，而第三感应电极检测不到电信号，则可判断该触控感应电极结构对应的位置有触控操作发生，并且该触控操作的压力为P1，若第二感应电极和第三感应电极都检测到电信号，则可判断该触控感应电极结构对应的位置有触控操作发生，并且该触控操作的压力为P2，且P2大于P1。当然，还可设置更多的感应电极以及感应绝缘层以提供更多的压力识别等级，本公开实施例在此不作限制。
例如，在本公开实施例一示例提供的触控检测方法中，触控电极单元还包括至少一个触控感应电极结构，触控感应电极结构与触控感应电极结构同层设置并设置在触控感应电极结构周围，触控检测方法还包括：检测方向感应电极是否导通，以判断触控操作是否沿从触控感应电极结构到触控感应电极结构的方向移动。由此，该触控检测方法可实现识别触控操作的运动方向，具体可参见实施例一中的相关描述，本公开实施例在此不再赘述。
例如，电润湿基板相对于触控基板可移动。
有以下几点需要说明：
(1)本公开实施例附图中，只涉及到与本公开实施例涉及到的结构，其他结构可参考通常设计。
(2)为了清晰起见，在用于描述本公开的实施例的附图中，层或微结构的厚度和尺寸被放大。可以理解，当诸如层、膜、区域或基板之类的元件被称作位于另一元件“上”或“下”时，该元件可以“直接”位于另一元件“上”或“下”，或者可以存在中间元件。
(3)在不冲突的情况下，本公开同一实施例及不同实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种触控面板，包括：
    电湿润基板、导电流体和触控基板；
    其中，所述触控基板与所述电润湿基板相对设置，所述导电流体设置在所述电润湿基板和所述触控基板之间；
    所述电润湿基板包括第一衬底基板、设置在所述第一衬底基板靠近所述触控基板的一侧的控制电极以及设置在所述控制电极靠近所述触控基板一侧的第一绝缘层；
    所述触控基板包括第二衬底基板和设置在所述第二衬底基板靠近所述电润湿基板一侧的触控电极单元；
    其中，所述导电流体设置在所述第一绝缘层远离所述控制电极的一侧，并且与所述控制电极对应设置；所述触控电极单元与所述导电流体相对设置；所述触控面板被配置为当触控发生时，所述导电流体在控制电极的控制下与所述触控电极单元接触以识别触控操作。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的触控面板，其中，所述触控电极单元包括触控感应电极结构，所述触控感应电极结构包括：相互绝缘的第一感应电极和第二感应电极，所述第一感应电极以及所述第二感应电极同层设置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的触控面板，其中，所述第一感应电极为中心电极，所述第二感应电极为围绕所述第一感应电极设置的环状电极。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的触控面板，其中，所述环状电极的形状包括：矩形环、八边形环或圆环。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的触控面板，其中，在沿平行于所述第二衬底基板并且通过所述第一感应电极的中心的方向上，所述第二感应电极的宽度大于所述第一感应电极的宽度。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5中任一项所述的触控面板，其中，所述触控感应电极结构还包括：
    第三感应电极，
    其中，所述第三感应电极与所述第一感应电极和所述第二感应电极相互绝缘，所述第三感应电极、所述第一感应电极、以及所述第二感应电极同层设置。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6中任一项所述的触控面板，其中，所述触控电极结 构还包括至少一个方向感应电极结构，所述方向感应电极结构与所述触控感应电极结构同层间隔设置并设置在所述触控感应电极结构周围。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的触控面板，其中，所述方向感应电极结构与所述触控感应电极结构具有相同的结构。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的触控面板，其中，所述至少一个方向感应电极结构包括：
    第一方向感应电极结构；
    第二方向感应电极结构；
    第三方向感应电极结构；以及
    第四方向感应电极结构，
    其中，所述第一方向感应电极结构与所述第三方向感应电极结构沿第一方向设置并分别设置在所述触控感应电极结构两侧，所述第二方向感应电极结构与所述第四方向感应电极结构沿第二方向设置并分别设置在所述触控感应电极结构两侧，所述第一方向垂直于所述第二方向。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的触控面板，还包括：
    绝缘流体，设置在所述电润湿基板和所述触控基板之间。
  11. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的触控面板，其中，所述导电流体的密度小于所述绝缘流体的密度。
  12. 根据权利要求4所述触控面板，还包括：
    第一电极引线，与所述第一感应电极电性相连；
    第二电极引线，与所述第二感应电极电性相连，
    其中，所述第一电极引线输入电信号，所述第二电极引线输出电信号，或者，所述第一电极引线输出电信号，所述第二电极引线输入电信号。
  13. 一种显示装置，包括显示面板以及触控面板，其中，所述触控面板包括权利要求1-12中任一项所述的触控面板。
  14. 一种触控面板的触控检测方法，用于权利要求1所述的触控面板，包括：
    对所述控制电极施加电压以控制所述导电流体形变；以及
    检测所述触控电极单元与所述导电流体接触状态，以判断是否有触控操作。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的触控检测方法，其中，所述触控电极结构包 括触控感应电极结构，所述触控感应电极结构包括：相互绝缘的第一感应电极和第二感应电极，所述第一感应电极和所述第二感应电极同层设置，所述检测所述触控电极单元与所述导电流体接触状态，以判断是否有触控操作的步骤包括：
    通过检测第一感应电极和第二感应电极是否导通以判断是否有触控操作。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的触控检测方法，所述检测所述触控电极单元与所述导电流体接触状态，以判断是否有触控操作的步骤还包括：
    对所述第一感应电极和第二感应电极中的一个施加电信号；以及
    检测第一感应电极和第二感应电极中的另一个是否有电信号输出。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的触控检测方法，还包括：
    对所述第一感应电极和第二感应电极中的一个施加电信号；
    检测第一感应电极和第二感应电极中的另一个的电信号大小以判断触控压力的大小。
  18. 根据权利要求14-17中任一项所述的触控检测方法，还包括：
    在触控操作发生的时间段，逐渐增加或减小对所述控制电极施加的电压的大小；以及
    当检测到所述触控电极单元导通时，记录此时所述控制电极上施加的电压的大小。
  19. 根据权利要求15所述的触控检测方法，其中，所述触控感应电极结构还包括：第三感应电极，所述第三感应电极与所述第一感应电极和所述第二感应电极相互绝缘，所述第三感应电极、所述第一感应电极、以及所述第二感应电极同层设置，所述触控检测方法还包括：
    检测所述第三感应电极是否有电信号输出。
  20. 根据权利要求15所述的触控检测方法，其中，所述触控电极单元还包括至少一个方向感应电极结构，所述方向感应电极结构与所述触控感应电极结构同层间隔设置并设置在所述触控感应电极结构周围，所述触控检测方法还包括：
    检测所述方向感应电极是否导通，以判断所述触控操作是否沿从所述触控感应电极结构到所述方向感应电极结构的方向移动。
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