WO2018074805A2 - Procédé et dispositifs d'adaptation d'inductances pour une charge sans fil - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositifs d'adaptation d'inductances pour une charge sans fil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018074805A2
WO2018074805A2 PCT/KR2017/011441 KR2017011441W WO2018074805A2 WO 2018074805 A2 WO2018074805 A2 WO 2018074805A2 KR 2017011441 W KR2017011441 W KR 2017011441W WO 2018074805 A2 WO2018074805 A2 WO 2018074805A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wireless power
inductance
value
inductance value
transmitter
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PCT/KR2017/011441
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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WO2018074805A3 (fr
Inventor
임성현
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엘지이노텍(주)
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Publication of WO2018074805A2 publication Critical patent/WO2018074805A2/fr
Publication of WO2018074805A3 publication Critical patent/WO2018074805A3/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
    • G01R27/2611—Measuring inductance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/90—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
    • H03H7/38—Impedance-matching networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wireless power transmission technology, and in detail, an inductance mapping method and apparatus capable of dynamically adjusting inductance according to an inductance value of a counterpart in a wireless charging system, a wireless power transmitter or a wireless device equipped with the apparatus It relates to a power receiving device.
  • Wireless power transmission or wireless energy transfer is a technology that transmits electrical energy wirelessly from a transmitter to a receiver using the principle of induction of magnetic field, which is already used by electric motors or transformers using the electromagnetic induction principle in the 1800s. Since then, there have been attempts to transmit electrical energy by radiating electromagnetic waves such as high frequency, microwaves, and lasers. Electric toothbrushes and some wireless razors that we commonly use are actually charged with the principle of electromagnetic induction.
  • energy transmission using wireless may be classified into magnetic induction, electromagnetic resonance, and RF transmission using short wavelength radio frequency.
  • the magnetic induction method uses the phenomenon that magnetic flux generated at this time causes electromotive force to other coils when two coils are adjacent to each other and current flows to one coil, and is rapidly commercialized in small devices such as mobile phones. Is going on. Magnetic induction is capable of transmitting power of up to several hundred kilowatts (kW) and has high efficiency, but the maximum transmission distance is less than 1 centimeter (cm).
  • the magnetic resonance method is characterized by using an electric or magnetic field instead of using electromagnetic waves or current. Since the magnetic resonance method is hardly affected by the electromagnetic wave problem, it has the advantage of being safe for other electronic devices or the human body. On the other hand, it can be utilized only in limited distances and spaces, and has a disadvantage in that energy transmission efficiency is rather low.
  • the short wavelength wireless power transmission scheme implies, the RF transmission scheme— takes advantage of the fact that energy can be transmitted and received directly in the form of RadioWave.
  • This technology is a wireless power transmission method of the RF method using a rectenna, a compound word of an antenna and a rectifier (rectifier) refers to a device that converts RF power directly into direct current power.
  • the RF method is a technology that converts AC radio waves to DC and uses them. Recently, research on commercialization has been actively conducted as efficiency is improved.
  • Wireless power transfer technology can be used in various industries, such as the mobile, IT, railroad and consumer electronics industries.
  • the charging efficiency is increased.
  • the shape and size of the coil may be different depending on the type and type of device to which the wireless charging is applied.
  • the wireless power transmitter cannot identify what kind of receiving coil is installed in the wireless power receiver disposed in the charging area, and thus there is a problem in that the charging efficiency cannot be optimized.
  • the present invention was devised to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide an inductance mapping method and apparatus for wireless charging.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a wireless power transmission apparatus equipped with an inductance mapping apparatus.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a wireless power receiver having an inductance mapping device.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide an inductance mapping method and apparatus capable of dynamically adjusting its inductance according to the inductance value of an opponent.
  • the present invention can provide an inductance matching method and apparatus for wireless charging, a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver including the apparatus.
  • An inductance matching method in a wireless power transmitter for transmitting wireless power includes detecting an object disposed in a charging region and, if the object is detected, measuring a quality factor value and measuring the measured value. Estimating an inductance value of a wireless power receiver based on a quality factor value, comparing an inductance value of the wireless power transmitter with an inductance value of the wireless power receiver, and determining whether inductance adjustment is necessary; Adjusting the inductance value of the power transmitter.
  • the determining may include calculating a difference value between an inductance value of the wireless power transmitter and an inductance value of the estimated wireless power receiver, and checking whether the calculated difference value exceeds a predetermined tolerance range; As a result of the checking, if exceeded, it may include determining that inductance adjustment is necessary.
  • adjusting the inductance value includes controlling a variable inductor provided such that the difference value is within the tolerance range, and when the difference value is within the tolerance range, Power transfer can be initiated.
  • the determining may include determining whether an inductance value of the wireless power transmitter and an inductance value of the wireless power receiver are the same and determining that the inductance adjustment is necessary if not identical. It may include.
  • adjusting the inductance value includes controlling a variable inductor provided such that an inductance value of the wireless power transmitter is equal to an inductance value of the wireless power receiver, wherein the inductance value of the wireless power transmitter is Once equal to the inductance value of the wireless power receiver, wireless power transfer to the wireless power receiver can be initiated.
  • the quality factor value may be measured corresponding to a predetermined reference operating frequency in the operating frequency band of the wireless power transmitter.
  • the inductance matching method in the wireless power receiver for receiving the wireless power when the booting is completed, measuring the quality factor value and the inductance of the wireless power transmitter based on the measured quality factor value Estimating a value, comparing an inductance value of the wireless power receiver with an inductance value of the wireless power transmitter, determining whether inductance adjustment is necessary, and adjusting the inductance value of the wireless power receiver according to the determination result. It may include.
  • an inductance matching method in a wireless power transmitter that transmits wireless power detecting an object disposed in a charging area, and when the object is detected, the detected object is connected to the wireless power. Identifying whether the wireless power receiver is capable of receiving and receiving an inductance value of the wireless power receiver from the identified wireless power receiver, and comparing the inductance value of the wireless power transmitter with the inductance value of the wireless power receiver. The method may include determining whether it is necessary and adjusting an inductance value of the wireless power transmitter according to the determination result.
  • an inductance matching method in a wireless power receiver for receiving wireless power when booting is completed, transmitting identification information of the wireless power receiver and identifying information corresponding to the wireless power transmitter. Determining an inductance value of the wireless power transmitter based on the receiving and receiving identification information, and determining whether inductance adjustment is necessary by comparing an inductance value of the wireless power receiver with an inductance value of the wireless power transmitter; According to the determination result, the method may include adjusting an inductance value of the wireless power receiver.
  • the determining of the inductance value of the wireless power transmitter may include extracting an inductance value corresponding to the received identification information with reference to a prestored inductance mapping table and using the extracted inductance value as an inductance value of the wireless power transmitter. It may include the step of determining.
  • a wireless power transmitter for wirelessly transmitting power detects a resonant circuit for transmitting wireless power, a variable inductor for adjusting inductance of the resonant circuit, and an object disposed in a charging region.
  • the inductance value of the wireless power receiver is estimated based on the measuring unit measuring the quality factor value of the resonance circuit and the measured quality factor value, and the inductance value of the wireless power transmitter and the It may include a control unit for determining whether inductance adjustment is necessary by comparing the inductance value of the wireless power receiver.
  • the controller calculates a difference value between an inductance value of the wireless power transmitter and an inductance value of the estimated wireless power receiver, and determines that inductance adjustment is necessary when the calculated difference value exceeds a predetermined tolerance range. can do.
  • the controller may control the variable inductor so that the difference value is within the tolerance range, and when the difference value is within the tolerance range, the controller may control to start charging for the wireless power receiver.
  • the controller may determine that the inductance adjustment is necessary.
  • Wireless power transfer to the wireless power receiver may be initiated.
  • Inductance matching device is connected to the first antenna for transmitting wireless power and the first antenna is connected to the variable inductor for adjusting the inductance, the second antenna and the second antenna
  • a quality factor measuring unit measuring a quality factor value and a controller for obtaining an inductance value of the counterpart based on the quality factor value and an inductance value of the inductance matching device and an inductance value of the counterpart to determine whether inductance adjustment is necessary
  • the control unit may include a comparator, and the controller may control the variable inductor to adjust the inductance of the inductance matching device.
  • Inductance matching device is the shielding agent and the first antenna disposed on one surface of the shielding agent and transmits power wirelessly, and the second antenna and the second antenna disposed outside the first antenna
  • the provided variable inductor is controlled It may include a control circuit for adjusting the inductance value of the inductance matching device.
  • an inductance matching device including a first antenna configured to transmit wireless power, a communication unit configured to receive an inductance value of a variable inductor connected to the first antenna and an inductance of the counterpart and the counterpart; The comparator and the comparator for determining whether inductance adjustment is necessary by comparing the current inductance value of the inductance matching device with the inductance value of the received counterpart, and controlling the variable inductor to control the inductance value of the inductance matching device. It may include a control unit for adjusting the.
  • a computer-readable recording medium may be provided that records a program for executing any one of the inductance mapping methods.
  • the present invention has an advantage of providing an inductance mapping method and apparatus capable of maximizing charging efficiency by estimating or obtaining an inductance value of a counterpart and adjusting its inductance value.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a view for explaining a detection signal transmission procedure in a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a state transition diagram for explaining a wireless power transmission procedure in a wireless power transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a state transition diagram for explaining a wireless power transmission procedure in a wireless power transmission apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless power receiver interworking with the wireless power transmitter according to FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for describing a method of modulating and demodulating a wireless power signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for describing a packet format according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining types of packets according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a view for explaining the structure of a wireless power transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a view for explaining the structure of the inductance matching device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating an operation of an inductance matching device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating an operation of an inductance matching device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 15 is a diagram illustrating an inductance matching procedure in a wireless power transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 16 is a diagram illustrating an inductance matching procedure in a wireless power transmission apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 17 is a diagram illustrating an inductance matching procedure in a wireless power transmission apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a message structure of a foreign matter detection status packet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a flowchart illustrating an inductance matching method in a wireless power transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 20 is a flowchart illustrating an inductance matching method in a wireless power receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 21 is a flowchart illustrating an inductance matching method in a wireless power transmitter according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 is a flowchart illustrating an inductance matching method in a wireless power transmitter according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is a flowchart illustrating an inductance matching method in a wireless power receiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 24 is a view for explaining the structure of a variable inductor included in an inductance mapping apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • An inductance matching method in a wireless power transmitter for transmitting wireless power includes detecting an object disposed in a charging region and, if the object is detected, measuring a quality factor value and measuring the measured value. Estimating an inductance value of a wireless power receiver based on a quality factor value, comparing an inductance value of the wireless power transmitter with an inductance value of the wireless power receiver, and determining whether inductance adjustment is necessary; Adjusting the inductance value of the power transmitter.
  • the top (bottom) or the bottom (bottom) is the two components are in direct contact with each other or One or more other components are all included disposed between the two components.
  • up (up) or down (down) may include the meaning of the down direction as well as the up direction based on one component.
  • a device equipped with a function for transmitting wireless power on the wireless charging system is a wireless power transmitter, a wireless power transmitter, a wireless power transmitter, a wireless power transmitter, a transmitter, a transmitter, a transmitter for convenience of description.
  • a transmitter side, a wireless power transmitter, a wireless power transmitter, and the like will be used interchangeably.
  • a wireless power receiver, a wireless power receiver, a wireless power receiver, a wireless power receiver, a wireless power receiver, a receiver terminal, a receiver, Receivers, receivers and the like can be used interchangeably.
  • the transmitter according to the present invention may be configured in a pad form, a cradle form, an access point (AP) form, a small base station form, a stand form, a ceiling buried form, a wall hanging form, and the like. You can also transfer power.
  • the transmitter may comprise at least one wireless power transmission means.
  • the wireless power transmission means may use various wireless power transmission standards based on an electromagnetic induction method that generates a magnetic field in the power transmitter coil and charges using the electromagnetic induction principle in which electricity is induced in the receiver coil under the influence of the magnetic field.
  • the wireless power transmission means may include a wireless charging technology of the electromagnetic induction method defined by the Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) and the Power Matters Alliance (PMA) which is a wireless charging technology standard apparatus.
  • WPC Wireless Power Consortium
  • PMA Power Matters Alliance
  • the receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention may be provided with at least one wireless power receiving means, and may simultaneously receive wireless power from two or more transmitters.
  • the wireless power receiving means may include an electromagnetic induction wireless charging technology defined by the Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) and the Power Matters Alliance (PMA), which are wireless charging technology standard organizations.
  • WPC Wireless Power Consortium
  • PMA Power Matters Alliance
  • the receiver according to the present invention is a mobile phone, smart phone, laptop computer, digital broadcasting terminal, PDA (Personal Digital Assistants), PMP (Portable Multimedia Player), navigation, MP3 player, electric It may be used in a small electronic device such as a toothbrush, an electronic tag, a lighting device, a remote control, a fishing bobber, a wearable device such as a smart watch, but is not limited thereto. If the device is equipped with a wireless power receiver according to the present invention, the battery can be charged. It is enough.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a wireless charging system includes a wireless power transmitter 10 that transmits power wirelessly, a wireless power receiver 20 that receives the transmitted power, and an electronic device 30 that receives the received power. It can be configured to include.
  • the electronic device 30 may be equipped with a load (not shown) which is a rechargeable battery, and the received power may be charged to the load of the electronic device 30.
  • a load not shown
  • the received power may be charged to the load of the electronic device 30.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 may perform in-band communication for exchanging information by modulating a signal at the same frequency as an operating frequency used for wireless power transmission. .
  • the wireless power receiver 20 modulates the received power signal and modulates the received signal. 42 may be transmitted to the wireless power transmitter 10.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 may perform out-of-band communication in which information is exchanged using a frequency different from an operating frequency used for wireless power transmission. have.
  • the information exchanged between the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 may include identification information, configuration information, status information, and various control information.
  • identification information may include identification information, configuration information, status information, and various control information.
  • configuration information may include identification information, configuration information, status information, and various control information.
  • Communication in the wireless charging system may provide full duplex bidirectional communication, but is not limited thereto.
  • the wireless charging system may provide one-way communication or half duplex bidirectional communication.
  • the unidirectional communication may be a communication method in which the wireless power receiver 20 transmits information only to the wireless power transmitter 10, but is not limited thereto.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 may be a wireless power receiver 20. It may also be a communication method of transmitting information.
  • the half-duplex bidirectional communication method may be a bidirectional communication between the wireless power receiver 20 and the wireless power transmitter 10, but may be a communication method capable of transmitting information by only one device at any one time.
  • the wireless power receiver 20 may obtain various state information of the electronic device 30.
  • the state information of the electronic device 30 may include current power usage information, information for identifying a running application, CPU usage information, battery charge status information, battery output voltage / current information, and the like.
  • the information may be obtained from the electronic device 30 and may be utilized for wireless power control.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power receiver 20 may include a plurality of wireless power receivers, and communicate with a plurality of wireless power receivers in one wireless power transmitter 10. It can also be connected to perform wireless charging.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 may distribute and transmit power to the plurality of wireless power receivers in a time division manner, but is not limited thereto.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 may disassemble and transmit power to the plurality of wireless power receivers at the same time by using different frequencies allocated to the wireless power receivers.
  • the number of wireless power receivers that can be connected to one wireless power transmitter 10 may include at least one of a required power amount for each wireless power receiver, a battery charge state, power consumption of an electronic device, and available power amount of the wireless power transmitter. Can be adaptively determined based on the
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 may include a plurality of wireless power transmitters.
  • the wireless power receiver 20 may be communicatively connected with a plurality of wireless power transmitters, and may simultaneously receive power from the connected wireless power transmitters and merge the received powers to perform charging.
  • the number of wireless power transmitters connected to the wireless power receiver 20 may be adaptively based on the required power of the wireless power receiver 20, the state of charge of the battery, the power consumption of the electronic device, and the available power of the wireless power transmitter. Can be determined.
  • the wireless charging system may further comprise a communication network for exchanging state information between the wireless power transmission apparatus.
  • FIG 3 is a view for explaining a detection signal transmission procedure in a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmitter may be equipped with three transmitting coils 111, 112, and 113. Each transmission coil may overlap some other area with another transmission coil, and the wireless power transmitter may detect a predetermined detection signal 117, 127 for detecting the presence of the wireless power receiver through each transmission coil, for example, Digital ping signals are sent sequentially in a predefined order.
  • the wireless power transmitter sequentially transmits the detection signal 117 through the primary detection signal transmission procedure illustrated in FIG. 110, and receives a signal strength indicator from the wireless power receiver 115.
  • the strength indicator 116 can identify the received transmission coils 111, 112.
  • the wireless power transmitter sequentially transmits the detection signal 127 through the secondary detection signal transmission procedure shown in FIG. 120, and transmits power among the transmission coils 111 and 112 where the signal strength indicator 126 is received.
  • the reason why the wireless power transmitter performs two sensing signal transmission procedures is to more accurately identify which transmitting coil is well aligned with the receiving coil of the wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power transmitter Based on the signal strength indicator 126 received at each of the first transmitting coil 111 and the second transmitting coil 112 selects the best-aligned transmitting coil and performs wireless charging using the selected transmitting coil. .
  • FIG. 4 is a state transition diagram for explaining a wireless power transmission procedure in a wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmission procedure in the transmitter includes a selection phase (410), a ping phase (420), an identification and configuration phase (430), and a power transmission phase ( Power Transfer Phase 440).
  • the selection step 410 may be a step of transitioning when a specific error or a specific event is detected while starting or maintaining the power transmission.
  • the transmitter may monitor whether an object is present on the charging interface surface. If the transmitter detects that an object is placed on the surface of the charging interface, it may transition to the ping step 420 (S401).
  • the transmitter can transmit a very short pulse of an analog ping signal, which is based on the current change of the transmitting coil to the active area of the charging interface surface, i.e. the chargeable area. It can detect whether an object exists.
  • ping step 420 when the transmitter detects an object, it activates, ie, boots, the receiver and sends a digital ping to identify whether the receiver is a receiver that is compliant with the WPC standard. If the transmitter does not receive a response signal (for example, a signal strength indicator) from the receiver in response to the digital ping in step 420, it may transition back to the selection step 410 (S402). In addition, in the ping step 420, when the transmitter receives a signal indicating that power transmission is completed, that is, a charging completion signal, from the receiver, the transmitter may transition to the selection step 410 (S403).
  • a response signal for example, a signal strength indicator
  • the transmitter may transition to the identification and configuration step 430 for identifying the receiver and collecting receiver configuration and status information (S404).
  • the transmitter receives an unexpected packet, a desired packet has not been received for a predefined time, a packet transmission error, or a power transmission contract. If this is not set (no power transfer contract) it may transition to the selection step (410) (S405).
  • the transmitter may transition to a power transmission step 440 for transmitting wireless power (S406).
  • the transmitter receives an unexpected packet, the desired packet has not been received for a predefined time, or a violation of a preset power transfer contract occurs. transfer contract violation), if the filling is completed, the transition to the selection step (410) (S407).
  • the transmitter may transition to the identification and configuration step 430 (S408).
  • the power transmission contract may be set based on state and characteristic information of the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the transmitter state information may include information about the maximum amount of power that can be transmitted, information about the maximum number of receivers that can be accommodated, and the receiver state information may include information about required power.
  • FIG. 5 is a state transition diagram for explaining a wireless power transmission procedure in a wireless power transmitter according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmission procedure in the transmitter may be classified into a selection phase (510), a ping phase (520), an identification and configuration phase (530), and a negotiation phase (Negotiation).
  • Phase 540 Phase 540, a calibration phase 550, a power transfer phase 560, and a renegotiation phase 570.
  • the selection step 510 may be a step of transitioning when a specific error or a specific event is detected while starting or maintaining power transmission. For example, as shown at S502, S504, S508, S510, and S512, the state of the wireless power transmitter may transition to the selection step 510.
  • the transmitter may detect an object placed on the interface surface—used in combination with the “charge area” for convenience of description below. If the transmitter detects that an object is placed on the interface surface, it may transition to ping step 520.
  • the transmitter transmits a very short pulse of an analog ping signal and based on the current (or impedance) change of the transmitting coil (or primary coil), the active area of the interface surface. It is possible to determine whether or not an object disposed in an active area exists.
  • the wireless power transmitter may measure a quality factor of a resonant circuit for transmitting power wirelessly.
  • the resonant circuit may be composed of an LC circuit including an inductor and a capacitor, and the quality factor may be determined based on the voltage measured across the capacitor of the LC circuit.
  • the transmitter may use the quality factor value measured before the entry into the ping step 520 to determine whether there is a foreign substance in the negotiation step 540.
  • the transmitter wakes up the receiver and sends a digital ping to identify whether the detected object is a device capable of receiving wireless power. If in ping step 520 the transmitter does not receive a response signal (eg, a signal strength packet) corresponding to the digital ping within a predetermined time, it can transition back to selection step 510. Further, in ping step 520, the transmitter may transition to selection step 510 when it receives a signal from the receiver indicating that power transmission is complete, i.e., a charge complete packet.
  • a response signal eg, a signal strength packet
  • the transmitter confirms that the detected object is a wireless power receiver capable of receiving wireless power, and identifies and configures 530 to collect identification information and configuration information of the corresponding receiver. You can transition.
  • the transmitter receives an unexpected packet, the desired packet has not been received for a predefined time, detects a packet transmission error, or transmits power. If a contract is not established (no power transfer contract), it may transition to selection step 510.
  • the transmitter may determine whether entry into the negotiation step 540 is necessary based on a negotiation field value of the configuration packet received in the identification and configuration step 530.
  • the transmitter may enter the negotiation step 540 and perform a predetermined foreign matter detection procedure.
  • the transmitter may immediately enter the power transmission step 560 in the identification and configuration step 530.
  • the transmitter may receive a Foreign Object Detection (FOD) Status Packet (FOD) including a reference quality factor value from the identified receiver.
  • FOD Foreign Object Detection
  • the transmitter may determine the quality factor threshold for detecting the foreign matter based on the reference quality factor value.
  • the transmitter compares the determined quality factor threshold with the quality factor value measured before entry to the ping step 520, hereinafter referred to as the “current quality factor value”, for convenience of description, to detect foreign substances placed in the charging area. Can be.
  • the transmitter may control the power transmission to the receiver according to the foreign matter detection result. For example, when a foreign matter is detected, the transmitter may stop power transmission to the corresponding receiver, but is not limited thereto. As another example, when a foreign object is detected, the transmitter may reduce the power transmitted to the corresponding receiver to a predetermined reference value or less and output a predetermined warning alarm indicating that the foreign material has been detected. In this case, the power transmission procedure of the transmitter may transition to the selection step 510. After the transition to the selection step 510, if the transmitter determines that the detected foreign material has been removed from the charging area, the transmitter may stop the output warning alarm and transition to the correction step 550 or the power transmission step 560.
  • the transmitter may enter the power transmission step 560 through the correction step 550.
  • the transmitter may determine power loss at the transmitting end and power loss at the receiving end in the correction step 550.
  • the transmitter may determine the strength of power actually transmitted through the transmitting coil in consideration of the determined power loss of the transmitting end.
  • the transmitter may determine the strength of the power actually received through the receiving coil in consideration of the power loss at the determined receiving end.
  • the transmitter can then predict the path loss between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil.
  • the transmitter may correct the quality factor threshold for foreign material detection to reflect the predicted path loss.
  • the transmitter receives an unexpected packet, an outgoing desired packet for a predefined time, or a violation of a preset power transfer contract. transfer contract violation), if the filling is complete, transition to selection step 510.
  • the transmitter may transition to renegotiation step 570 if it is necessary to reconfigure the power transmission contract in accordance with a change in transmitter status. At this time, if the renegotiation is normally completed, the transmitter may return to the power transmission step (560).
  • the power transmission contract may be set based on state and characteristic information of the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the transmitter state information may include information about the maximum amount of power that can be transmitted, information about the maximum number of receivers that can be accommodated, and the receiver state information may include information about required power.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless power transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 may largely include a power converter 610, a power transmitter 620, a communication unit 630, a controller 640, and a sensor 650.
  • the configuration of the wireless power transmitter 600 is not necessarily an essential configuration, and may include more or fewer components.
  • the power converter 610 may perform a function of converting the power into AC power having a predetermined intensity.
  • the power converter 610 may include a DC / DC converter 611, an inverter 612, and a frequency generator 613.
  • the inverter 612 may be a half bridge inverter or a full bridge inverter, but is not limited thereto, and the inverter 612 may be a circuit configuration capable of converting DC power into AC power having a specific operating frequency.
  • the DC / DC converter 611 may perform a function of converting DC power supplied from the power supply unit 650 into DC power of a specific intensity according to a control signal of the controller 640.
  • the sensing unit 650 may measure the voltage / current of the DC-converted power and provide the same to the control unit 640. In addition, the sensing unit 650 may measure the internal temperature of the wireless power transmitter 600 to determine whether overheating occurs, and provide the measurement result to the controller 640. For example, the controller 640 may adaptively block power supply from the power supply unit 650 or block power supply to the amplifier 612 based on the voltage / current value measured by the sensing unit 650. Can be. To this end, one side of the power converter 610 may be further provided with a predetermined power cut-off circuit for cutting off the power supplied from the power supply unit 650, or cut off the power supplied to the amplifier 612.
  • the inverter 612 may convert the DC / DC converted DC power into AC power based on the reference AC signal generated by the frequency generator 613.
  • the frequency of the reference AC signal that is, the operating frequency
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 may adjust the intensity of the output power by adjusting the operating frequency.
  • the controller 640 may receive power reception state information or (and) power control signal of the wireless power receiver through the communication unit 630, and may be based on the received power reception state information or (and) power control signal. To determine the operating frequency and dynamically control the frequency generator 613 to generate the determined operating frequency.
  • the power reception state information may include, but is not limited to, strength information of the rectifier output voltage and strength information of a current applied to the receiving coil.
  • the power control signal may include a signal for requesting power increase, a signal for requesting power reduction, and the like.
  • the power transmitter 620 may include a multiplexer 621 (or a multiplexer) and a transmission coil unit 622.
  • the transmitting coil unit 622 may be composed of first to n-th transmission coil.
  • the power transmitter 620 may further include a carrier generator (not shown) for generating a specific carrier frequency for power transmission.
  • the carrier generator may generate a specific carrier frequency for mixing with the output AC power of the inverter 612 received through the multiplexer 621.
  • the resonance frequency of each transmission coil may be set differently by using a predetermined frequency controller having a function of differently adjusting the LC resonance characteristics for each transmission coil.
  • the multiplexer 621 may perform a switch function for transferring AC power to the transmission coil selected by the controller 640.
  • the controller 640 may select a transmission coil to be used for power transmission to the corresponding wireless power receiver based on the signal strength indicator received for each transmission coil.
  • the controller 640 may transmit power through time division multiplexing for each transmission coil.
  • three wireless power receivers i.e., the first to third wireless power receivers, are each identified through three different transmitting coils, i.e., the first to third transmitting coils.
  • the controller 640 may control the multiplexer 621 to control AC power to be transmitted only through a specific transmission coil in a specific time slot.
  • the amount of power transmitted to the corresponding wireless power receiver may be controlled according to the length of the time slot allocated to each transmitting coil, but this is only one embodiment.
  • Transmission power for each wireless power receiver may be controlled by controlling the intensity of the output DC power of the DC / DC converter 611.
  • the controller 640 may control the multiplexer 621 to sequentially transmit the sensing signals through the first to nth transmitting coils 622 during the first sensing signal transmission procedure. At this time, the control unit 640 may identify the time when the detection signal is transmitted using the timer 655. When the transmission signal transmission time arrives, the control unit 640 controls the multiplexer 621 to detect the detection signal through the corresponding transmission coil. Can be controlled to be sent. For example, the timer 650 may transmit a specific event signal to the controller 640 at a predetermined period during the ping transmission step, and the controller 640 controls the multiplexer 621 whenever the corresponding event signal is detected. The digital ping can be controlled through the corresponding transmission coil.
  • control unit 640 stores a predetermined transmission coil identifier and a corresponding transmission coil for identifying which transmission coil has received a signal strength indicator from the demodulator 632 during the first detection signal transmission procedure. Signal strength indicator received through the can be received. Subsequently, in the second detection signal transmission procedure, the control unit 640 controls the multiplexer 621 so that the detection signal may be transmitted only through the transmission coil (s) in which the signal strength indicator was received during the first detection signal transmission procedure. You may. As another example, the controller 640 transmits the second sensed signal to the transmit coil in which the signal strength indicator having the largest value is received when there are a plurality of transmit coils in which the signal intensity indicator is received during the first sensed signal transmit procedure. In the procedure, the sensing signal may be determined as the transmitting coil to be transmitted first, and the multiplexer 621 may be controlled according to the determination result.
  • the communication unit 630 may include at least one of a modulator 631 and a demodulator 632.
  • the modulator 631 may modulate the control signal generated by the controller 640 and transmit the modulated control signal to the multiplexer 621.
  • the modulation scheme for modulating the control signal is a frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation scheme, a Manchester coding modulation scheme, a PSK (Phase Shift Keying) modulation scheme, a pulse width modulation scheme, a differential 2 Differential bi-phase modulation schemes may be included, but is not limited thereto.
  • the demodulator 632 may demodulate the detected signal and transmit the demodulated signal to the controller 640.
  • the demodulated signal may include a signal strength indicator, an error correction (EC) indicator for controlling power during wireless power transmission, an end of charge (EOC) indicator, an overvoltage / overcurrent / overheat indicator, and the like.
  • EC error correction
  • EOC end of charge
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and may include various state information for identifying a state of the wireless power receiver.
  • the demodulator 632 may identify from which transmission coil the demodulated signal is received, and may provide the control unit 640 with a predetermined transmission coil identifier corresponding to the identified transmission coil.
  • the demodulator 632 may demodulate a signal received through the transmission coil 623 and transmit the demodulated signal to the controller 640.
  • the demodulated signal may include a signal strength indicator, but is not limited thereto.
  • the demodulated signal may include various state information of the wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 may obtain the signal strength indicator through in-band communication that communicates with the wireless power receiver using the same frequency used for wireless power transmission.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 may not only transmit wireless power using the transmission coil unit 622 but also exchange various control signals and state information with the wireless power receiver through the transmission coil unit 622.
  • a separate coil corresponding to each of the first to nth transmitting coils of the transmitting coil unit 622 may be additionally provided in the wireless power transmitter 600, and wireless power may be provided by using the provided separate coil. Note that in-band communication with the receiver may also be performed.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 and the wireless power receiver perform in-band communication by way of example.
  • this is only one embodiment, and is a frequency band used for wireless power signal transmission.
  • Short-range bidirectional communication may be performed through a frequency band different from that of FIG.
  • the short-range bidirectional communication may be any one of low power Bluetooth communication, RFID communication, UWB communication, and Zigbee communication.
  • the power transmitter 620 of the wireless power transmitter 600 includes a multiplexer 621 and a plurality of transmission coils 622, but this is only one embodiment. It should be noted that the power transmitter 620 according to the embodiment may be composed of one transmitting coil.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless power receiver interworking with the wireless power transmitter according to FIG. 6.
  • the wireless power receiver 700 includes a receiving coil 710, a rectifier 720, a DC / DC converter 730, a load 740, a sensing unit 750, and a communication unit ( 760), and may include a main controller 770.
  • the communication unit 760 may include at least one of a demodulator 761 and a modulator 762.
  • the wireless power receiver 700 illustrated in the example of FIG. 7 is illustrated as being capable of exchanging information with the wireless power transmitter 600 through in-band communication, this is only one embodiment.
  • the communication unit 760 may provide short-range bidirectional communication through a frequency band different from the frequency band used for wireless power signal transmission.
  • AC power received through the receiving coil 710 may be transferred to the rectifier 720.
  • the rectifier 720 may convert AC power into DC power and transmit the DC power to the DC / DC converter 730.
  • the DC / DC converter 730 may convert the strength of the rectifier output DC power into a specific intensity required by the load 740 and then transfer it to the load 740.
  • the sensing unit 750 may measure the intensity of the rectifier 720 output DC power and provide the same to the main controller 770. In addition, the sensing unit 750 may measure the strength of the current applied to the receiving coil 710 according to the wireless power reception, and may transmit the measurement result to the main controller 770. In addition, the sensing unit 750 may measure the internal temperature of the wireless power receiver 700 and provide the measured temperature value to the main controller 770.
  • the main controller 770 may determine whether the overvoltage is generated by comparing the measured intensity of the rectifier output DC power with a predetermined reference value. As a result of the determination, when the overvoltage is generated, a predetermined packet indicating that the overvoltage has occurred may be generated and transmitted to the modulator 762.
  • the signal modulated by the modulator 762 may be transmitted to the wireless power transmitter 600 through the receiving coil 710 or a separate coil (not shown).
  • the main controller 770 may determine that a sensing signal has been received. When the sensing signal is received, a signal strength indicator corresponding to the sensing signal may be modulated.
  • the demodulator 761 demodulates an AC power signal or a rectifier 720 output DC power signal between the receiving coil 710 and the rectifier 720 to identify whether a detection signal is received, and then, the main subject of the identification result. It may be provided to the unit 770. In this case, the main controller 770 may control the signal strength indicator corresponding to the sensing signal to be transmitted through the modulator 762.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for describing a method of modulating and demodulating a wireless power signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 may encode or decode a transmission target packet based on an internal clock signal having the same period.
  • the wireless power signal when the wireless power transmitter 10 or the wireless power receiver 20 does not transmit a specific packet, the wireless power signal is modulated with a specific frequency, as shown by reference numeral 41 of FIG. 1. AC signal may not be.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 or the wireless power receiver 20 transmits a specific packet the wireless power signal may be an AC signal modulated by a specific modulation scheme as shown in FIG.
  • the modulation scheme may include, but is not limited to, an amplitude modulation scheme, a frequency modulation scheme, a frequency and amplitude modulation scheme, a phase modulation scheme, and the like.
  • Differential bi-phase encoding may be applied to binary data of a packet generated by the wireless power transmitter 10 or the wireless power receiver 20 as shown in FIG.
  • differential two-stage encoding allows two state transitions to encode data bit 1 and one state transition to encode data bit zero. That is, data bit 1 is encoded such that a transition between a HI state and a LO state occurs at a rising edge and a falling edge of the clock signal, and data bit 0 is HI at the rising edge of the clock signal.
  • the transition between state and LO state may be encoded to occur.
  • the encoded binary data may be applied with a byte encoding scheme, as shown at 830.
  • the byte encoding scheme includes a start bit and a stop bit for identifying a start and type of a corresponding bit stream for an 8-bit encoded binary bit stream.
  • the method may be a method of inserting a parity bit for detecting whether an error of a corresponding bit stream (byte) occurs.
  • Header (920) field to identify the type of message included in the packet
  • the message (Message, 930) field for transmitting the contents (or payload) of the packet and whether the packet has an error It may be configured to include a checksum (940) field for checking whether or not.
  • the packet receiver may identify the size of the message 930 included in the packet based on the header 920 value.
  • the header 920 may be defined in each step of the wireless power transfer procedure, and in part, the header 920 value may be defined to have the same value in different steps of the wireless power transfer procedure.
  • the header values corresponding to the end power transfer of the ping step and the end of the power transfer of the power transfer step may be equal to 0x02.
  • the message 930 includes data to be transmitted at the transmitting end of the packet.
  • the data included in the message 930 field may be a report, a request, or a response to the counterpart, but is not limited thereto.
  • the packet 900 may further include at least one of a transmitter identification information for identifying a transmitter that transmitted the packet and a receiver identification information for identifying a receiver for receiving the packet.
  • the transmitter identification information and the receiver identification information may include IP address information, MAC address information, product identification information, and the like, but are not limited thereto and may be information capable of distinguishing a receiver and a transmitter from a wireless charging system.
  • the packet 900 may further include predetermined group identification information for identifying the corresponding reception group when the packet is to be received by a plurality of devices.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for describing types of packets transmitted from a wireless power receiver to a wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a packet transmitted from a wireless power receiver to a wireless power transmitter includes a signal strength packet for transmitting strength information of a detected ping signal, and a type of power transmission for requesting the transmitter to stop power transmission.
  • End Power Transfer a power control hold-off packet for transmitting time information waiting to adjust the actual power after receiving a control error packet for control control
  • a configuration for transmitting the configuration information of the receiver Packet, identification packet and extended identification packet for transmitting receiver identification information general request packet for sending general request message, special request packet for sending special request message, reference quality factor value for FO detection FOD status packet, control error packet for controlling the transmitter power of the transmitter, renegotiation packet for initiation of renegotiation,
  • a 24-bit received power packet and 8-bit received power packet for transmitting strength information of the received power, and a charging state packet for transmitting charge state information of a current load may be included.
  • Packets transmitted from the wireless power receiver to the wireless power transmitter may be transmitted using in-band communication using the same frequency band as the frequency band used for wireless power transmission.
  • FIG. 11 is a view for explaining the structure of a wireless power transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1100 may include a power supply 1101, a DC-DC converter 1110, an inverter 1120, a resonance circuit 1130, and a measurement unit 1140. It may be configured to include a communication unit 1160, a sensing unit 1170, an alarm unit 1175, and a controller 1180.
  • the resonant circuit 1130 may include a resonant capacitor 1131, a variable inductor 1132, and a transmitting coil 1133, but this is only one embodiment, and may further include an additional device. .
  • a resistor, a capacitor, and an inductor may be further included in the resonant circuit 1130 according to a design purpose and use of a person skilled in the art.
  • the communicator 1160 may include at least one of a demodulator 1116 for receiving a signal and a modulator 1162 for transmitting a signal.
  • the power supply 1101 may receive DC power through an external power supply terminal and transmit the DC power to the DC-DC converter 1110.
  • the DC-DC converter 1110 may convert the intensity of the DC power input from the power supply unit 1101 into the DC power of a specific intensity under the control of the controller 1180.
  • the DC-DC converter 1110 may be configured as a variable voltage regulator capable of adjusting the strength of the voltage, but is not limited thereto.
  • the inverter 1120 may convert the converted DC power into AC power.
  • the inverter 1120 may convert a DC power signal input through a plurality of switch controls provided into an AC power signal and output the converted AC power signal.
  • the inverter 1120 may include a full bridge circuit, but is not limited thereto.
  • the inverter 1120 may include a half bridge.
  • the inverter 1120 may include both a half bridge circuit and a full bridge circuit.
  • the controller 1180 may operate the inverter 1120 as a half bridge or a full bridge. Can be determined and controlled.
  • the wireless power transmission apparatus may adaptively control the bridge mode of the inverter 1120 according to the strength of the power required by the wireless power receiver.
  • the bridge mode includes a half bridge mode and a full bridge mode.
  • the controller 1180 may control the inverter 1120 to operate in the half bridge mode.
  • the controller 1180 may control to operate in the full bridge mode.
  • the wireless power transmitter may adaptively determine the bridge mode according to the sensed temperature and drive the inverter 1120 according to the determined bridge mode.
  • the controller 1180 may deactivate the half bridge mode and control the full bridge mode to be activated. That is, the wireless power transmitter increases the voltage through the full bridge circuit and decreases the strength of the current flowing through the resonant circuit 1130 for power transmission of the same intensity, thereby reducing the internal temperature of the wireless power transmitter below a predetermined reference value. Can be controlled to maintain.
  • the amount of heat generated in an electronic component mounted on an electronic device may be more sensitive to the strength of the current than the strength of the voltage applied to the electronic component.
  • the inverter 1120 may not only convert DC power into AC power but also change the strength of the AC power.
  • the inverter 1120 may adjust the intensity of the AC power output by adjusting the frequency of a reference alternating current signal used to generate AC power under the control of the controller 1180.
  • the inverter 1120 may be configured to include a frequency oscillator for generating a reference AC signal having a specific frequency, but this is only one embodiment, another example is that the frequency oscillator is separate from the inverter 1120 Is configured to be mounted on one side of the foreign matter detection device 1100.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1100 may further include a gate driver (not shown) for controlling a switch provided in the inverter 1120.
  • the gate driver may receive at least one pulse width modulation signal from the controller 1180, and control the switch of the inverter 1120 according to the received pulse width modulation signal.
  • the controller 1180 may control the intensity of the output power of the inverter 1120 by controlling the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal, that is, the duty rate and the phase.
  • the controller 1180 may adaptively control the duty cycle and phase of the pulse width modulated signal based on the feedback signal received from the wireless transmission receiver.
  • the measurement unit 1140 may calculate a quality factor value for the resonant circuit 1130 by measuring voltage, current, and impedance of both ends of the resonant capacitor 1131 according to the control signal of the controller 1180.
  • the calculated quality factor value may be transmitted to the controller 1180, and the controller 1180 may store the quality factor value received from the measurement unit 1140 in a predetermined recording area.
  • the controller 1180 may estimate (or calculate) the inductance value of the counterpart for inductance matching based on the quality factor value. For example, the controller 1180 may determine the inductance value of the counterpart by referring to a predetermined inductance matching table to which the inductance value of the counterpart corresponding to the measured quality factor value is mapped.
  • the measurement unit 1140 may measure a quality factor value corresponding to a predetermined reference operating frequency, that is, a reference measurement quality factor value, according to a control signal of the controller 1180.
  • the controller 1180 when the controller 1180 detects an object disposed in the charging region in cooperation with the sensing unit 1170, the controller 1180 may determine a quality factor value corresponding to the reference operating frequency before entering the ping step.
  • the measuring unit 1140 may be controlled to measure.
  • the controller 1180 may determine a threshold (or threshold range) for determining whether the foreign matter exists based on the information included in the foreign matter status packet. have.
  • the foreign matter detection status packet may include a reference quality factor value corresponding to the corresponding wireless power receiver.
  • the controller 1180 may determine a quality factor threshold value for determining whether a foreign substance exists based on the received reference quality factor value. For example, a value corresponding to 90% of the reference quality factor value may be determined as the quality factor threshold value, but is not limited thereto, and the ratio may be defined in consultation with one of ordinary skill in the art.
  • the controller 1180 may determine whether the foreign substance exists by comparing the measured quality factor value with the determined quality factor threshold value. As a result of the determination, if there is a foreign matter, the controller 1180 may stop power transmission and control the alarm unit 1175 to output a predetermined warning alarm indicating that the foreign matter is detected.
  • the alarm unit 1175 may include a beeper, an LED lamp, a vibrating element, a liquid crystal display, and the like, but is not limited thereto. It is sufficient if a predetermined alarm means configured to allow a user to recognize that a foreign matter is detected.
  • the reference quality factor value included in the foreign substance status packet may be determined as the smallest value among the quality factor values calculated corresponding to the corresponding wireless power receiver at a specific position of the charging bed of the wireless power transmitter designated for the standard performance test.
  • the controller 1180 may return to the selection step and request the measurement unit 1140 to recalculate the quality factor value for the reference operating frequency at a predetermined period. In this case, the controller 1180 may determine whether the previously detected foreign matter is removed from the charging area by comparing the reference measurement quality factor value measured in the state where the foreign matter is detected with a predetermined threshold value. As a result of the determination, when the foreign matter is removed, the controller 1180 may enter the power transmission step again and perform charging to the corresponding wireless power receiver. The demodulator 1161 demodulates a control signal received from the wireless power receiver and transmits the demodulated control signal to the controller 1180.
  • the controller 1180 may estimate (or calculate) an inductance value corresponding to the counterpart, that is, the wireless power receiver, based on the measured quality factor value.
  • the controller 1180 may determine whether inductance adjustment is necessary by comparing the inductance value of the current resonance circuit 1131 with the inductance value of the counterpart. As a result of determination, when inductance adjustment is required, the controller 1180 may control the variable inductor 1132 to adjust the total inductance value of the resonant circuit 1130. In this case, the controller 1180 may control the variable inductor 1132 such that the difference between the inductance value of the resonance circuit 1130 and the inductance value of the counterpart falls within a predetermined tolerance range, for example, +/ ⁇ 5%. have.
  • the controller 1180 may directly receive an inductance value corresponding to the wireless power receiver, that is, an inductance value of the counterpart through the communication unit 1160.
  • the controller 1180 may determine whether inductance adjustment is necessary by comparing the inductance value of the received counterpart with its own inductance value.
  • the controller 1180 may receive receiver identification information from the wireless power receiver.
  • the receiver identification information may include manufacturer information, product code information, hardware version information, software version information, power rating information, but is not limited thereto.
  • the controller 1180 may determine the inductance value of the counterpart corresponding to the receiver identification information with reference to the inductance mapping table stored in advance. Thereafter, the controller 1180 may determine whether the inductance adjustment is necessary by comparing the inductance value of the determined counterpart with its own inductance value.
  • FIG. 12 is a view for explaining the structure of the inductance matching device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the inductance matching device 1200 may include a first antenna 1210, a second antenna 1220, a shielding agent 1230, and a control circuit 1240.
  • the shielding agent 1230 may be in the form of a sheet, but is not limited thereto.
  • the first antenna 1210 may be a transmission coil for transmitting wireless power.
  • the first antenna 1210 may be a transmission coil for receiving wireless power.
  • the counterpart for inductance matching may be a wireless power receiver.
  • the counterpart for inductance matching may be a wireless power transmitter.
  • the ratio of inductance L and resistance R of coils having the same volume and shape has a constant value regardless of the form in which the coil is wound.
  • the quality factor value is defined by this ratio and can be used as a numerical value to distinguish the structure of the coil.
  • the quality factor value Q of the antenna (or coil) is given by the formula:
  • the quality factor value may have a value from 0 to infinity, but in general, a value above 1000 is difficult to obtain realistically, and a value below 10 is not very useful.
  • the quality factor value is typically determined by the shape and size of the antenna as well as the materials used to fabricate the antenna.
  • the quality factor value may be degraded by energy absorption of conductive objects disposed near the wireless power transmitting antenna.
  • the quality factor value may be degraded when the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitting antenna generates an eddy current due to an incomplete conductive object.
  • the quality factor value can also be lowered through the magnetic polarization hysteresis loss of the magnetic material and the electrical polarization loss of the dielectric material.
  • the quality factor value may be sharply lowered when the inductance value of the transmitting antenna mounted on the wireless power transmitter and the inductance value of the receiving antenna mounted on the wireless power receiver are different. Therefore, in order to maximize charging efficiency, it may be desirable to keep the inductance values of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna as the same as possible.
  • the second antenna 1220 of FIG. 12 is a monitoring antenna for measuring a quality factor value.
  • the measured quality factor value may be used as a reference value for estimating or calculating the inductance value of the counterpart.
  • the second antenna 1220 is illustrated as being disposed outside the first antenna 1210, this is only an example, and may be disposed inside the first antenna 1210. Note that there is.
  • the control circuit 1240 estimates (or calculates) the inductance value of the counterpart based on the quality factor value measured by the second antenna 1220, and calculates the inductance value and its inductance value of the counterpart estimated (or computed). By comparison, you can determine if you need to adjust your inductance. As a result of determination, if inductance adjustment is required, the inductance value thereof may be adjusted by controlling the provided variable inductor. In this case, the control circuit 1240 may control the variable inductor such that a difference value between its inductance value and the inductance value of the counterpart falls within a predetermined tolerance range, for example, +/ ⁇ 5%.
  • the control circuit 1240 detects the quality factor value before transmitting a detection signal for identifying the receiver when an object disposed in the charging area detects the object. It can be measured.
  • control circuit 1240 may measure the quality factor value after booting is completed.
  • the quality factor value is described as being measured after the object is detected before transmitting the detection signal (when mounted on the transmitter) or after booting is completed (when mounted on the receiver). It is merely an example, and it should be noted that the timing at which the quality factor values are measured may differ depending on the design of those skilled in the art.
  • the first antenna 1210, the second antenna 1220, and the control circuit 1240 are illustrated on the same side of the shielding agent 1230, but this is only one embodiment. Note that the circuit 1240 may be disposed on a surface different from that on which the first antenna 1210 and the second antenna 1220 are disposed to minimize the influence of electromagnetic waves.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating an operation of an inductance matching device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the inductance matching device 1300 includes a first antenna 1310, a second antenna 1320, a quality factor measuring unit 1330, a variable inductor 1340, a controller 1150, and a comparing unit 1160. ) And a storage unit 1170. It should be noted that the components of the inductance matching device 1300 are not necessarily essential components, and thus some components may be deleted or new components may be added.
  • the quality factor measuring unit 1330 may measure a quality factor value by monitoring a current flowing through the second antenna 1320 or an applied voltage.
  • the method of measuring the quality factor value may be different according to the design of the person skilled in the art, it should be noted that the measurement method is not particularly limited and other quality factor measuring methods may be applied.
  • the controller 1150 may estimate (or calculate) an inductance value of the counterpart based on the quality factor value received from the quality factor measurer 1130.
  • the controller 1150 may transfer the estimated (or computed) inductance value of the counterpart to the comparator 1160.
  • the comparison unit 1160 may determine whether inductance adjustment is necessary by comparing the inductance value of the counterpart stored in the storage unit 1170 with the inductance value of the estimated counterpart. For example, the comparator 1160 may calculate a difference value between its inductance value and the inductance value of the counterpart, and determine whether the calculated difference value is within a predetermined tolerance range. As a result of the check, when the difference value exceeds the tolerance range, the comparator 1160 may transmit a predetermined inductance control request signal to the controller 1150 indicating that inductance adjustment is required.
  • the inductance control request signal may include the calculated difference value.
  • the controller 1150 may control the variable inductor 1130 such that an inductance difference value with a counterpart does not exceed a tolerance range.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating an operation of an inductance matching device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the inductance matching device 1400 may include a first antenna 1410, a variable inductor 1420, a controller 1430, a communication unit 1440, and a comparator 1450. It should be noted that the components of the inductance matching device 1400 are not necessarily essential components, and thus some components may be deleted or new components may be added.
  • the inductance matching device may be mounted in a wireless power transmitter or a wireless power receiver.
  • the communication unit 1440 may transmit the received control signal to the controller 1430.
  • the comparator 1450 may determine whether inductance adjustment is necessary based on its currently set inductance value and the counterpart inductance value of the counterpart.
  • the comparator 1450 may determine whether a difference value between its currently set inductance value and the counterpart's inductance value exceeds a predetermined tolerance range. As a result of the check, if the excess unit 1450 exceeds, the comparison unit 1450 may transmit a predetermined inductance adjustment request signal indicating that inductance adjustment is necessary to the controller 1430. For example, when the inductance adjustment request signal is received, the controller 1430 may control the variable inductor 1420 to allow the inductance difference value with the counterpart to fall within a tolerance range. As another example, when the inductance adjustment request signal is received, the controller 1430 may control the variable inductor 1420 so that its inductance value is the same as that of the counterpart.
  • the inductance matching device directly receives the inductance value of the counterpart through the communication unit 1440.
  • the inductance matching device may include a communication unit.
  • the inductance value of the counterpart may be estimated (or confirmed) based on the identification information of the counterpart received through 1440.
  • the inductance matching apparatus can determine the inductance value of the counterpart by preliminarily maintaining a predetermined inductance mapping table in which inductance values corresponding to the counterpart identification information are mapped in the predetermined recording area.
  • 15 is a diagram illustrating an inductance matching procedure in a wireless power transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmitter may measure a quality factor value at the reference operating frequency, that is, a reference measurement quality factor value Q_measured_reference.
  • the wireless power transmitter may measure a quality factor value for a reference operating frequency before entering the ping step 1520 and transmitting a detection signal.
  • the wireless power transmitter may estimate (or calculate) an inductance value of the counterpart, that is, an inductance value corresponding to the wireless power receiver, based on the measured quality factor value.
  • the apparatus for transmitting power wirelessly may determine whether inductance adjustment is necessary by comparing an inductance value of the current setting with an inductance value of the counterpart.
  • the apparatus for transmitting power wirelessly may determine whether a value obtained by subtracting an inductance value of a counterpart from its currently set inductance value—hereinafter, for convenience of description, a business card referred to as an “inductance difference value” exceeds a predetermined tolerance range.
  • the wireless power power transmission apparatus may control the variable inductor provided such that the inductance difference value is equal to or less than the tolerance range.
  • an inductance mapping procedure is shown to be performed between the selection step 1510 and the ping step 1520 based on the quality factor value.
  • the timing at which the inductance mapping procedure is performed may differ depending on the design of those skilled in the art.
  • the inductance mapping procedure may be performed in the negotiation step 1540 or the power transmission step 150 based on the quality factor value.
  • the timing point at which the quality factor value is measured and the timing point at which the actual inductance value is matched may be different.
  • a quality factor value may be measured between the selection step 1510 and the ping step 1520, and inductance matching may be performed based on the quality factor value measured at the negotiation step 1540.
  • 16 is a diagram illustrating an inductance matching procedure in a wireless power transmission apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus for transmitting power wirelessly may receive a predetermined packet including an inductance value of the counterpart, that is, an inductance value of the apparatus for receiving power wirelessly.
  • the inductance value of the counterpart may be received through an identification packet or a configuration packet, but is not limited thereto and may be received through a predetermined packet. If the inductance value of the counterpart is received in the identification packet or the configuration packet, a new field for recording the inductance value of the counterpart may be newly defined in the packet.
  • the apparatus for transmitting power wirelessly may determine whether inductance adjustment is necessary by comparing an inductance value of the current setting with an inductance value of the counterpart.
  • the apparatus for transmitting power wirelessly may determine whether a value obtained by subtracting an inductance value of a counterpart from its currently set inductance value—hereinafter, for convenience of description, a business card referred to as an “inductance difference value” exceeds a predetermined tolerance range.
  • the wireless power power transmission apparatus may control the variable inductor provided such that the inductance difference value is equal to or less than the tolerance range.
  • 17 is a diagram illustrating an inductance matching procedure in a wireless power transmission apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus for transmitting power wirelessly may receive a predetermined packet including an inductance value of the counterpart, that is, an inductance value of the apparatus for receiving power wirelessly.
  • the inductance value of the counterpart may be received through the foreign matter detection status packet, but is not limited thereto and may be received through another packet that is separately defined.
  • the apparatus for transmitting power wirelessly may determine whether inductance adjustment is necessary by comparing an inductance value of the current setting with an inductance value of the counterpart.
  • the apparatus for transmitting power wirelessly may determine whether a value obtained by subtracting an inductance value of a counterpart from its currently set inductance value—hereinafter, for convenience of description, a business card referred to as an “inductance difference value” exceeds a predetermined tolerance range.
  • the wireless power power transmission apparatus may control the variable inductor provided such that the inductance difference value is equal to or less than the tolerance range.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a message structure of a foreign matter detection status packet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the foreign matter detection status packet 1800 may have a length of 2 bytes, a first data 1801 field having a length of 6 bits, a mode 1802 field having a length of 2 bits, and a length of 1 byte. It may be configured to include a reference quality factor value field of 1803.
  • reference numeral 1804 when the mode 1802 field is set to binary '00', all bits of the first data 1801 field are written as 0, corresponding to the reference quality factor value 1803 field. Information corresponding to the reference quality factor value measured when the power receiver is turned off is recorded. On the other hand, when the mode 1802 field is set to binary '01', information about an inductance value corresponding to the corresponding wireless power receiver is recorded in the first data 1801 field. In this case, information corresponding to the reference quality factor value measured and determined while the power of the corresponding wireless power receiver is turned off may be recorded in the reference quality factor value 1803 field.
  • FIG. 19 is a flowchart illustrating an inductance matching method in a wireless power transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmitter may measure quality factor values (S1901 to S1902).
  • the wireless power transmitter may measure a quality factor value for a predetermined reference operating frequency before transmitting a specific signal, for example, a digital ping, for identifying whether the detected object is a wireless power receiver. It is only one embodiment, and the measurement time point of the quality factor value is not limited.
  • the wireless power transmitter may estimate (or calculate) an inductance value of the counterpart based on the measured quality factor value (S1903).
  • the time point for estimating the inductance value of the counterpart may be a time point after the detected object is determined to be a device capable of receiving wireless power, but is not limited thereto.
  • the wireless power transmission apparatus may calculate a difference value between its current inductance value and the inductance value of the estimated (or calculated) counterpart, and compare the calculated difference value with a predetermined tolerance range to determine whether inductance adjustment is necessary (S1904). ).
  • the wireless power transmitter may control the variable inductor provided so that the inductance difference value between the self and the counterpart is within the tolerance range ( S1905).
  • the wireless power transmitter may start wireless power transmission for charging (S1906 to S1907).
  • the wireless power transmission apparatus may control the variable inductor provided so that the inductance values of the self and the counterpart are the same when their inductance values and the counterpart of the counterpart are different.
  • One embodiment of the inductance estimation of the present invention is as follows.
  • the quality factor value can be measured within a predetermined range.
  • the frequency corresponding to the maximum quality factor value within the predetermined range may be determined as the resonance frequency.
  • the inductance may be calculated based on the resonance frequency f resonance .
  • Equation 1 C is a capacitance value of the resonant capacitor of the transmitter coil unit.
  • the inductance may be calculated in the above manner.
  • 20 is a flowchart illustrating an inductance matching method in a wireless power receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power receiver may transmit receiver identification and configuration information to the wireless power transmitter through a predetermined packet (S2001 to S2002). For example, the wireless power receiver may initiate a booting procedure when the strength of the initially received power signal, for example, the digital ping, exceeds a predetermined reference value.
  • the wireless power receiver may measure a quality factor value corresponding to the reference operating frequency (S2003).
  • the wireless power receiver may estimate (or calculate) an inductance value of the counterpart, that is, the wireless power transmitter, based on the measured quality factor value (S2004).
  • the timing of estimating the inductance value for the counterpart may be a timing at which the receiver identification and configuration information is normally received by the wireless power transmitter, but is not limited thereto.
  • the wireless power transmitter may stop power transmission for a predetermined time when the receiver identification and configuration information is normally received. While the power transmission is suspended, the wireless power receiver may measure a quality factor value.
  • the wireless power receiver may calculate a difference value between its current inductance value and the inductance value of the estimated (or calculated) counterpart, and compare the calculated difference value with a predetermined tolerance range to determine whether inductance adjustment is necessary (S2005). ).
  • the wireless power receiver may control the variable inductor provided such that the inductance difference value between the self and the counterpart is within the tolerance range ( S2006).
  • the wireless power receiver may receive the wireless power and start charging (S2007 to S2008).
  • the wireless power receiver may control the variable inductor provided so that the inductance values of the self and the counterpart are the same when their inductance values and the counterparts of the counterpart are different.
  • 21 is a flowchart illustrating an inductance matching method in a wireless power transmitter according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmitter may identify whether the detected object is a receiver capable of receiving wireless power (S2101 to S2102).
  • the wireless power transmitter may determine an inductance value corresponding to the identified wireless power receiver with reference to an inductance mapping table stored in advance (S2103).
  • the inductance mapping table is a table in which inductance values for each receiver type are mapped and may be maintained in a predetermined recording area (memory) of the wireless power transmission apparatus.
  • the apparatus for transmitting power wirelessly may calculate a difference value between its current inductance value and the determined inductance value corresponding to the identified wireless power receiver, and compare the calculated difference value with a predetermined tolerance range to determine whether inductance adjustment is necessary ( S2104).
  • the wireless power transmitter may control the variable inductor provided such that the inductance difference value is within the tolerance range (S2105).
  • the wireless power transmitter may start wireless power transmission for charging (S2106 to S2107).
  • the wireless power transmission apparatus may control the variable inductor provided so that the inductance values of the self and the counterpart are the same when their inductance values and the counterpart of the counterpart are different.
  • FIG. 22 is a flowchart illustrating an inductance matching method in a wireless power transmitter according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmitter when the wireless power transmitter detects an object disposed in the charging area, the wireless power transmitter may identify whether the detected object is a wireless power receiver capable of receiving wireless power (S2201 to S2202).
  • the wireless power transmitter may receive an inductance value corresponding to the identified wireless power receiver from the wireless power receiver through a predetermined packet (S2203 to S2204). ).
  • the inductance value corresponding to the wireless power receiver may be received through any one of an identification packet, a configuration packet, and a foreign object detection status packet.
  • an identification packet a configuration packet
  • a foreign object detection status packet a packet shown in FIG. It may be received through any one of these packets or a separate user-defined packet.
  • the apparatus for transmitting power wirelessly may calculate a difference value between its current inductance value and the inductance value corresponding to the wireless power receiver, and compare the calculated difference value with a predetermined tolerance range to determine whether inductance adjustment is necessary (S2205).
  • the wireless power transmitter may control the variable inductor provided such that the inductance difference value is within the tolerance range (S2206).
  • the wireless power transmitter may start wireless power transmission for charging (S2207 to S2208).
  • the wireless power transmission apparatus may control the variable inductor provided so that the inductance values of the self and the counterpart are the same when their inductance values and the counterpart of the counterpart are different.
  • FIG. 23 is a flowchart illustrating an inductance matching method in a wireless power receiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power receiver may transmit receiver identification and configuration information to the wireless power transmitter through a predetermined packet (S2301 to S2302). For example, the wireless power receiver may initiate a booting procedure when the strength of the initially received power signal, for example, the digital ping, exceeds a predetermined reference value.
  • the apparatus for receiving wireless power may receive transmitter identification and configuration information from the wireless power transmitter (S2303).
  • the transmitter identification information may include manufacturer information, product code information, hardware version information, software version information, but is not limited thereto.
  • the transmitter configuration information may include, but is not limited to, transmitter power class or class information and maximum power information.
  • the apparatus for receiving wireless power may determine an inductance value of the counterpart, that is, the apparatus for transmitting power wirelessly, based on the transmitter identification and the configuration information (S2304).
  • the wireless power receiver may maintain a predetermined inductance mapping table defined by mapping inductance values corresponding to transmitter identification and configuration information in a predetermined recording area.
  • the wireless power receiver may calculate a difference value between its current inductance value and the inductance value of the determined counterpart, and compare the calculated difference value with a predetermined tolerance range to determine whether inductance adjustment is necessary (S2305).
  • the wireless power receiver may control the variable inductor provided such that the inductance difference value between the self and the counterpart is within the tolerance range ( S2306).
  • the wireless power receiver may receive the wireless power to start charging (S2307 to S2308).
  • the wireless power receiver may control the variable inductor provided so that the inductance values of the self and the counterpart are the same when their inductance values and the counterparts of the counterpart are different.
  • the wireless power receiver may receive power from the wireless power transmitter to start charging.
  • 24 is a view for explaining the structure of a variable inductor included in an inductance mapping apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • variable inductor 2400 may include a plurality of inductors L1 2401, L2 2402, L3 2403, L4 2404, and a plurality of switches SW1 2405 equal to the number of inductors. , SW2 2406, SW3 2407, and SW4 2408.
  • variable inductor including four inductors and four switches is described as an example. However, this is only an example, and the number of inductors and switches may be configured differently according to the design of a person skilled in the art. Should be.
  • inductance value of each inductor constituting the variable inductor may be the same, it should be noted that this is only one embodiment and that at least one inductor value may be different according to the design of a person skilled in the art.
  • the inductance value of the variable inductor 2400 may be adjusted by controlling a switch included in the variable inductor 2400.
  • the current applied to the first pod 2410 is referred to by reference numeral. As shown at 2430, it may be delivered to the second port 2420 via L1 2401, L2 2402, and SW2 2406.
  • variable inductor In FIG. 24, a switch control type variable inductor is described as an example, but this is only one type of variable inductor, and another type of variable inductor may be adopted and mounted in an inductance mapping device.
  • the variable inductor may be configured as a roller coil type inductor and mounted on the inductance mapping device.
  • the inductance value may be controlled by rotating the shaft provided in the center of the roller coil through motor control.
  • the methods according to the embodiments described above may be stored in a computer-readable recording medium that is produced as a program for execution in a computer, and examples of the computer-readable recording medium may include ROM, RAM, CD-ROM, and magnetic tape. , Floppy disks, optical data storage, and the like.
  • the computer readable recording medium can be distributed over network coupled computer systems so that the computer readable code is stored and executed in a distributed fashion.
  • functional programs, codes, and code segments for implementing the above-described method may be easily inferred by programmers in the art to which the embodiments belong.
  • the present invention can be used in the field of wireless charging, and in particular, it can be applied to a wireless power transmitter or (and) a wireless power receiver capable of dynamically adjusting the inductance according to the inductance value of the counterpart on the wireless charging system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a trait à un procédé d'adaptation d'inductances pour une charge sans fil et à des dispositifs associés. Le procédé d'adaptation d'inductances dans un émetteur de puissance sans fil, destiné à une transmission sans fil de puissance, peut comprendre, selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention, les étapes consistant à : détecter un objet disposé dans une région de charge ; lorsque l'objet est détecté, mesurer une valeur de facteur de qualité ; sur la base de la valeur de facteur de qualité mesurée, estimer une valeur d'inductance d'un récepteur de puissance sans fil ; déterminer si un réglage d'inductance est nécessaire par comparaison d'une valeur d'inductance de l'émetteur de puissance sans fil à la valeur d'inductance du récepteur de puissance sans fil ; et, selon les résultats de la détermination, régler la valeur d'inductance de l'émetteur de puissance sans fil. Ainsi, ladite invention présente l'avantage que l'efficacité de charge peut être rendue maximale par un réglage dynamique d'une valeur d'inductance propre selon une valeur d'inductance d'un autre objet.
PCT/KR2017/011441 2016-10-18 2017-10-17 Procédé et dispositifs d'adaptation d'inductances pour une charge sans fil WO2018074805A2 (fr)

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