WO2017179826A1 - Procédé de détection de corps étranger (fo), et dispositif et système associés - Google Patents

Procédé de détection de corps étranger (fo), et dispositif et système associés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017179826A1
WO2017179826A1 PCT/KR2017/002888 KR2017002888W WO2017179826A1 WO 2017179826 A1 WO2017179826 A1 WO 2017179826A1 KR 2017002888 W KR2017002888 W KR 2017002888W WO 2017179826 A1 WO2017179826 A1 WO 2017179826A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
quality factor
wireless power
value
factor value
transmitter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2017/002888
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
박재희
권용일
Original Assignee
엘지이노텍(주)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from KR1020160067888A external-priority patent/KR20170118571A/ko
Application filed by 엘지이노텍(주) filed Critical 엘지이노텍(주)
Priority to US16/093,783 priority Critical patent/US20190131826A1/en
Publication of WO2017179826A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017179826A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/60—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/90—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wireless power transfer technology, and more particularly, to an FO detection method on a wireless charging system, and apparatus and system therefor.
  • Wireless power transmission or wireless energy transfer is a technology that transmits electrical energy wirelessly from a transmitter to a receiver using the principle of induction of magnetic field, which is already used by electric motors or transformers using the electromagnetic induction principle in the 1800s. Since then, there have been attempts to transmit electrical energy by radiating electromagnetic waves such as high frequency, microwaves, and lasers. Electric toothbrushes and some wireless razors that we commonly use are actually charged with the principle of electromagnetic induction.
  • energy transmission using wireless may be classified into magnetic induction, electromagnetic resonance, and RF transmission using short wavelength radio frequency.
  • the magnetic induction method uses the phenomenon that magnetic flux generated at this time causes electromotive force to other coils when two coils are adjacent to each other and current flows to one coil, and is rapidly commercialized in small devices such as mobile phones. Is going on. Magnetic induction is capable of transmitting power of up to several hundred kilowatts (kW) and has high efficiency, but the maximum transmission distance is less than 1 centimeter (cm).
  • the magnetic resonance method is characterized by using an electric or magnetic field instead of using electromagnetic waves or current. Since the magnetic resonance method is hardly affected by the electromagnetic wave problem, it has the advantage of being safe for other electronic devices or the human body. On the other hand, it can be utilized only in limited distances and spaces, and has a disadvantage in that energy transmission efficiency is rather low.
  • the short wavelength wireless power transmission scheme implies, the RF transmission scheme— takes advantage of the fact that energy can be transmitted and received directly in the form of RadioWave.
  • This technology is a wireless power transmission method of the RF method using a rectenna, a compound word of an antenna and a rectifier (rectifier) refers to a device that converts RF power directly into direct current power.
  • the RF method is a technology that converts AC radio waves to DC and uses them. Recently, research on commercialization has been actively conducted as efficiency is improved.
  • Wireless power transfer technology can be used in various industries, such as the mobile, IT, railroad and consumer electronics industries.
  • the FO may include a coin, a clip, a pin, a ballpoint pen, and the like.
  • the wireless charging efficiency is significantly lowered but also the temperature of the wireless power receiver and the wireless power transmitter may rise together due to an increase in the ambient temperature of the FO. If the FO located in the charging area is not removed, not only power is wasted but also overheating may cause damage to the wireless power transmitter and the wireless power receiver.
  • the present invention has been devised to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting FO for wireless charging and an apparatus and system therefor.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a wireless power transmitter for detecting an FO based on a second reference quality factor value received from a wireless power receiver.
  • the present invention can provide a method for detecting FO for wireless charging and apparatus and system therefor.
  • a method of detecting a foreign object (FO) in a wireless power transmitter receiving a second packet including a second reference quality factor value and using a second reference quality factor value, Determining, measuring a current quality factor value, and detecting an FO based on the threshold and the current quality factor value.
  • the second packet may further include a predetermined mode value indicating that the second reference quality factor value is a reference quality factor value corresponding to a state where the FO exists in the charging area.
  • the second packet may be received in a negotiation step.
  • the state of the wireless power transmitter may transition to the selection step.
  • the state of the wireless power transmitter may transition to the power transmission step.
  • a correction step of calculating a power loss between the wireless power receiver and the wireless power transmitter that transmitted the second packet may be performed before the transition to the power transmission step.
  • the threshold may be determined by further reflecting a configuration factor corresponding to the wireless power transmitter in the second reference quality factor value.
  • the configuration factor may be a constant value for correcting a measurement error of the quality factor value compared to the test wireless power transmitter.
  • the configuration factor may be a constant value determined based on at least one of a power class of the wireless power transmitter, a characteristic of a transmission coil mounted on the wireless power transmitter, and an arrangement structure.
  • the FO when the FO is not detected, it may be controlled to start charging the wireless power receiver after transmitting an ACK message to the wireless power receiver that has transmitted the second packet.
  • the FO when the FO is detected, after transmitting the NAK message to the wireless power receiver that has transmitted the second packet, it may enter a selection step to block power transmission to the wireless power receiver.
  • the FO detection method may further include at least one of a receiver identifier, the second reference quality factor value, the threshold value, and the current quality factor value corresponding to the wireless power receiver that transmitted the second packet when the FO is not detected. It may further comprise the step of recording in the predetermined quality factor table.
  • the FO may be detected with reference to the quality factor table.
  • an apparatus for detecting a foreign object includes a communication unit for receiving a second packet including a second reference quality factor value and a determination unit for determining a threshold using the second reference quality factor value. And a measuring unit measuring a current quality factor value and a detector detecting a FO based on the threshold value and the current quality factor value.
  • the second packet may further include a predetermined mode value indicating that the second reference quality factor value is a reference quality factor value corresponding to a state where the FO exists in the charging area.
  • the second packet may be received through in-band communication in the negotiation step.
  • the FO detection apparatus may further include a control unit for transitioning the state of the wireless power transmitter to a selection step when the FO is detected in the negotiation step.
  • the FO detecting apparatus when the FO is not detected in the negotiation step, transmits the second packet according to a control signal of the control unit and the control unit that transitions the state of the wireless power transmitter to the power transmission step.
  • the apparatus may further include a power transmitter configured to transmit wireless power to the receiver.
  • the FO detecting apparatus further includes a correction unit for calculating a power loss between the wireless power receiver and the wireless power transmitter that transmitted the second packet before the transition to the power transmission step, if the FO is not detected. can do.
  • the determiner may further determine the threshold value by further using a configuration factor preset for the wireless power transmitter.
  • the configuration factor may be a constant value for correcting a measurement error of the quality factor value compared to the test wireless power transmitter.
  • the configuration factor may be a constant value determined based on at least one of a power class of the wireless power transmitter, a characteristic of a transmission coil mounted in the wireless power transmitter, and an arrangement structure.
  • an ACK message may be transmitted to the wireless power receiver that has transmitted the second packet through the communication unit, and charging of the wireless power receiver may be started.
  • the NAK message is transmitted to the wireless power receiver that has transmitted the second packet through the communication unit, and then enters a selection step to block power transmission to the wireless power receiver.
  • the FO detecting apparatus may further include a receiver identifier corresponding to the wireless power receiver transmitting the second packet, the second reference quality factor value, the threshold value, and the current quality factor value last measured in response to the wireless power receiver.
  • the memory device may further include a memory in which a predetermined quality factor table including at least one of the memory data is recorded.
  • the detector may detect the FO by referring to the quality factor table.
  • a computer-readable recording medium may be provided that records a program for executing any one of the FO detection methods.
  • the present invention has the advantage of providing a method for detecting FO for wireless charging and apparatus and system therefor.
  • the present invention has the advantage of providing a wireless power transmitter for detecting the FO based on the second reference quality factor value received from the wireless power receiver.
  • the present invention provides an FO detection method and an apparatus and system therefor capable of preventing the FO from being detected by adaptively determining a threshold for FO detection in response to a configuration factor of the wireless power transmitter. There is this.
  • the present invention not only has an advantage of minimizing the FO detection error, but can also expect the effect of minimizing unnecessary power waste and equipment damage.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a view for explaining a detection signal transmission procedure in a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a state transition diagram for explaining a wireless power transmission procedure defined in the WPC standard.
  • 5 is a state transition diagram for explaining a wireless power transmission procedure defined in the WPC (Qi) standard.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless power receiver interworking with the wireless power transmitter according to FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for describing a method of modulating and demodulating a wireless power signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for describing a packet format according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a view for explaining the types of packets defined in the WPC (Qi) standard according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 11A to 11D are diagrams for explaining a message structure of a FOD status packet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 16 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an FO detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an FO detection apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a method of detecting a foreign object (FO) in a wireless power transmitter receiving a second packet including a second reference quality factor value and using a second reference quality factor value, Determining, measuring a current quality factor value, and detecting an FO based on the threshold and the current quality factor value.
  • the top (bottom) or the bottom (bottom) is the two components are in direct contact with each other or One or more other components are all included disposed between the two components.
  • up (up) or down (down) may include the meaning of the down direction as well as the up direction based on one component.
  • a device equipped with a function for transmitting wireless power on the wireless charging system is a wireless power transmitter, a wireless power transmitter, a wireless power transmitter, a wireless power transmitter, a transmitter, a transmitter, a transmitter for convenience of description.
  • a transmitter side, a wireless power transmitter, a wireless power transmitter, and the like will be used interchangeably.
  • a wireless power receiver, a wireless power receiver, a wireless power receiver, a wireless power receiver, a wireless power receiver, a receiver terminal, a receiver, Receivers, receivers and the like can be used interchangeably.
  • the transmitter according to the present invention may be configured in a pad form, a cradle form, an access point (AP) form, a small base station form, a stand form, a ceiling buried form, a wall hanging form, and the like. You can also transfer power.
  • the transmitter may comprise at least one wireless power transmission means.
  • the wireless power transmission means may use various wireless power transmission standards based on an electromagnetic induction method that generates a magnetic field in the power transmitter coil and charges using the electromagnetic induction principle in which electricity is induced in the receiver coil under the influence of the magnetic field.
  • the wireless power transmission means may include a wireless charging technology of the electromagnetic induction method defined by the Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) and the Power Matters Alliance (PMA) which is a wireless charging technology standard apparatus.
  • WPC Wireless Power Consortium
  • PMA Power Matters Alliance
  • the receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention may be provided with at least one wireless power receiving means, and may simultaneously receive wireless power from two or more transmitters.
  • the wireless power receiving means may include an electromagnetic induction wireless charging technology defined by the Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) and the Power Matters Alliance (PMA), which are wireless charging technology standard organizations.
  • WPC Wireless Power Consortium
  • PMA Power Matters Alliance
  • the receiver according to the present invention is a mobile phone, smart phone, laptop computer, digital broadcasting terminal, PDA (Personal Digital Assistants), PMP (Portable Multimedia Player), navigation, MP3 player, electric It may be used in a small electronic device such as a toothbrush, an electronic tag, a lighting device, a remote control, a fishing bobber, a wearable device such as a smart watch, but is not limited thereto. If the device is equipped with a wireless power receiver according to the present invention, the battery can be charged. It is enough.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a wireless charging system includes a wireless power transmitter 10 that largely transmits power wirelessly, a wireless power receiver 20 that receives the transmitted power, and an electronic device 20 that receives the received power. Can be configured.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 may perform in-band communication for exchanging information using the same frequency band as the operating frequency used for wireless power transmission.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 perform out-of-band communication for exchanging information using a separate frequency band different from an operating frequency used for wireless power transmission. It can also be done.
  • the information exchanged between the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 may include control information as well as status information of each other.
  • the status information and control information exchanged between the transmitting and receiving end will be more clear through the description of the embodiments to be described later.
  • the in-band communication and the out-of-band communication may provide bidirectional communication, but are not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the in-band communication and the out-of-band communication may provide one-way communication or half-duplex communication.
  • the unidirectional communication may be performed by the wireless power receiver 20 only transmitting information to the wireless power transmitter 10, but is not limited thereto.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 may transmit information to the wireless power receiver 20. It may be to transmit.
  • bidirectional communication between the wireless power receiver 20 and the wireless power transmitter 10 is possible, but at one time, only one device may transmit information.
  • the wireless power receiver 20 may obtain various state information of the electronic device 30.
  • the state information of the electronic device 30 may include current power usage information, information for identifying a running application, CPU usage information, battery charge status information, battery output voltage / current information, and the like.
  • the information may be obtained from the electronic device 30 and may be utilized for wireless power control.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 may transmit a predetermined packet indicating whether to support fast charging to the wireless power receiver 20.
  • the wireless power receiver 20 may notify the electronic device 30 when it is determined that the connected wireless power transmitter 10 supports the fast charging mode.
  • the electronic device 30 may indicate that fast charging is possible through predetermined display means provided, for example, it may be a liquid crystal display.
  • the user of the electronic device 30 may control the wireless power transmitter 10 to operate in the fast charge mode by selecting a predetermined fast charge request button displayed on the liquid crystal display.
  • the electronic device 30 may transmit a predetermined quick charge request signal to the wireless power receiver 20.
  • the wireless power receiver 20 may convert the normal low power charging mode into the fast charging mode by generating a charging mode packet corresponding to the received fast charging request signal to the wireless power transmitter 10.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power receiver 20 may be configured with a plurality of wireless power receivers, and a plurality of wireless power receivers are connected to one wireless power transmitter 10 so that the wireless Charging may also be performed.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 may distribute and transmit power to the plurality of wireless power receivers in a time division manner, but is not limited thereto.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 may distribute and transmit power to a plurality of wireless power receivers by using different frequency bands allocated for each wireless power receiver.
  • the number of wireless power receivers that can be connected to one wireless power transmitter 10 may include at least one of a required power amount for each wireless power receiver, a battery charge state, power consumption of an electronic device, and available power amount of the wireless power transmitter. Can be adaptively determined based on the
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 may be configured with a plurality of wireless power transmitters.
  • the wireless power receiver 20 may be connected to a plurality of wireless power transmitters at the same time, and may simultaneously receive power from the connected wireless power transmitters and perform charging.
  • the number of wireless power transmitters connected to the wireless power receiver 20 may be adaptively based on the required power of the wireless power receiver 20, the state of charge of the battery, the power consumption of the electronic device, and the available power of the wireless power transmitter. Can be determined.
  • FIG 3 is a view for explaining a detection signal transmission procedure in a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmitter may be equipped with three transmitting coils 111, 112, and 113. Each transmission coil may overlap some other area with another transmission coil, and the wireless power transmitter may detect a predetermined detection signal 117, 127 for detecting the presence of the wireless power receiver through each transmission coil, for example, Digital ping signals are sent sequentially in a predefined order.
  • the wireless power transmitter sequentially transmits the detection signal 117 through the primary detection signal transmission procedure illustrated in FIG. 110, and receives a signal strength indicator from the wireless power receiver 115.
  • the strength indicator 116 can identify the received transmission coils 111, 112.
  • the wireless power transmitter sequentially transmits the detection signal 127 through the secondary detection signal transmission procedure shown in FIG. 120, and transmits power among the transmission coils 111 and 112 where the signal strength indicator 126 is received.
  • the reason why the wireless power transmitter performs two sensing signal transmission procedures is to more accurately identify which transmitting coil is well aligned with the receiving coil of the wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power transmitter Based on the signal strength indicator 126 received at each of the first transmitting coil 111 and the second transmitting coil 112 selects the best-aligned transmitting coil and performs wireless charging using the selected transmitting coil. .
  • FIG. 4 is a state transition diagram for explaining a wireless power transmission procedure defined in the WPC standard.
  • power transmission from a transmitter to a receiver according to the WPC standard is largely selected from a selection phase 410, a ping phase 420, an identification and configuration phase 430, It may be divided into a power transfer phase 440.
  • the selection step 410 may be a step of transitioning when a specific error or a specific event is detected while starting or maintaining the power transmission.
  • the transmitter may monitor whether an object exists on the interface surface. If the transmitter detects that an object is placed on the interface surface, it may transition to the ping step 420 (S401).
  • the transmitter transmits a very short pulse of an analog ping signal, and may detect whether an object exists in an active area of the interface surface based on a change in current of a transmitting coil.
  • ping step 420 when an object is detected, the transmitter activates the receiver and sends a digital ping to identify whether the receiver is a receiver that is compliant with the WPC standard. If the transmitter does not receive a response signal (for example, a signal strength indicator) from the receiver in response to the digital ping in step 420, it may transition back to the selection step 410 (S402). In addition, in the ping step 420, when the transmitter receives a signal indicating that power transmission is completed, that is, a charging completion signal, from the receiver, the transmitter may transition to the selection step 410 (S403).
  • a response signal for example, a signal strength indicator
  • the transmitter may transition to the identification and configuration step 430 for collecting receiver identification and receiver configuration and status information (S404).
  • the transmitter receives an unexpected packet, a desired packet has not been received for a predefined time, a packet transmission error, or a power transmission contract. If this is not set (no power transfer contract) it may transition to the selection step (410) (S405).
  • the transmitter may transition to the power transmission step 240 for transmitting the wireless power (S406).
  • the transmitter receives an unexpected packet, the desired packet has not been received for a predefined time, or a violation of a preset power transfer contract occurs. transfer contract violation), if the filling is completed, the transition to the selection step (410) (S407).
  • the transmitter may transition to the identification and configuration step 430 (S408).
  • the power transmission contract may be set based on state and characteristic information of the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the transmitter state information may include information about the maximum amount of power that can be transmitted, information about the maximum number of receivers that can be accommodated, and the receiver state information may include information about required power.
  • 5 is a state transition diagram for explaining a wireless power transmission procedure defined in the WPC (Qi) standard.
  • power transmission from a transmitter to a receiver according to the WPC (Qi) standard is largely selected as a selection phase 510, a ping phase 520, an identification and configuration phase, and so on. 530, a negotiation phase 540, a calibration phase 550, a power transfer phase 560, and a renegotiation phase 560.
  • the selection step 510 may be a transition step, for example, S502, S504, S506, S509, S, when a specific error or a specific event is detected while starting or maintaining power transmission.
  • the transmitter may monitor whether an object exists on the interface surface. If the transmitter detects that an object is placed on the interface surface, it may transition to ping step 520. In the selection step 510, the transmitter transmits a very short pulse of an analog ping signal and an object in the active area of the interface surface based on the current change of the transmitting coil or the primary coil. Can detect the presence of
  • the transmitter activates the receiver and sends a digital ping to identify whether the receiver is a receiver that is compliant with the WPC standard. If in ping step 520 the transmitter does not receive a response signal (eg, a signal strength packet) to the digital ping from the receiver, it may transition back to selection step 510. Further, in ping step 520, the transmitter may transition to selection step 510 when it receives a signal from the receiver indicating that power transmission is complete, i.e., a charge complete packet.
  • a response signal eg, a signal strength packet
  • the transmitter may transition to identification and configuration step 530 to identify the receiver and collect receiver configuration and status information.
  • the transmitter receives an unexpected packet, a desired packet has not been received for a predefined time, a packet transmission error, or a power transmission contract. If this is not set (no power transfer contract) it may transition to selection step 510.
  • the transmitter may determine whether entry into the negotiation step 540 is necessary based on a negotiation field value of the configuration packet received in the identification and configuration step 530.
  • the transmitter may enter a negotiation step 540 and perform a predetermined FOD detection procedure.
  • the transmitter may directly enter the power transmission step 560.
  • the transmitter may receive a Foreign Object Detection (FOD) status packet including a reference quality factor value.
  • FOD Foreign Object Detection
  • the transmitter may determine a threshold for FO detection based on the reference quality factor value.
  • the transmitter may detect whether the FO exists in the charging region by using the determined threshold value and the currently measured quality factor value, and may control power transmission in the FO detection result.
  • the transmitter may return to selection step 510.
  • the transmitter may enter the power transmission step 560 via the correction step 550.
  • the transmitter determines the strength of the power received at the receiving end, and determines the power loss at the receiving end and the transmitting end to determine the strength of the power transmitted at the transmitting end. It can be measured. That is, the transmitter may predict the power loss based on the difference between the transmit power of the transmitter and the receive power of the receiver in the correction step 550.
  • the transmitter may correct the threshold for FOD detection by reflecting the predicted power loss.
  • the transmitter receives an unexpected packet, an outgoing desired packet for a predefined time, or a violation of a predetermined power transmission contract occurs. transfer contract violation), if the filling is complete, transition to selection step 510.
  • the transmitter may transition to renegotiation step 570 if it is necessary to reconfigure the power transmission contract according to a change in the transmitter state. At this time, if the renegotiation is normally completed, the transmitter may return to the power transmission step (560).
  • the power transmission contract may be set based on state and characteristic information of the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the transmitter state information may include information about the maximum amount of power that can be transmitted, information about the maximum number of receivers that can be accommodated, and the receiver state information may include information about required power.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 may largely include a power converter 610, a power transmitter 620, a communication unit 630, a controller 640, and a sensor 650.
  • the configuration of the wireless power transmitter 600 is not necessarily an essential configuration, and may include more or fewer components.
  • the power converter 610 may perform a function of converting the power into power of a predetermined intensity.
  • the power converter 610 may include a DC / DC converter 611 and an amplifier 612.
  • the DC / DC converter 611 may perform a function of converting DC power supplied from the power supply unit 650 into DC power of a specific intensity according to a control signal of the controller 640.
  • the sensing unit 650 may measure the voltage / current of the DC-converted power and provide the same to the control unit 640. In addition, the sensing unit 650 may measure the internal temperature of the wireless power transmitter 600 to determine whether overheating occurs, and provide the measurement result to the controller 640. For example, the controller 640 may adaptively block power supply from the power supply unit 650 or block power supply to the amplifier 612 based on the voltage / current value measured by the sensing unit 650. Can be. To this end, one side of the power converter 610 may be further provided with a predetermined power cut-off circuit for cutting off the power supplied from the power supply unit 650, or cut off the power supplied to the amplifier 612.
  • the amplifier 612 may adjust the intensity of the DC / DC converted power according to the control signal of the controller 640.
  • the controller 640 may receive power reception state information or (and) power control signal of the wireless power receiver through the communication unit 630, and may be based on the received power reception state information or (and) power control signal.
  • the amplification factor of the amplifier 612 can be dynamically adjusted.
  • the power reception state information may include, but is not limited to, strength information of the rectifier output voltage and strength information of a current applied to the receiving coil.
  • the power control signal may include a signal for requesting power increase, a signal for requesting power reduction, and the like.
  • the power transmitter 620 may include a multiplexer 621 (or a multiplexer) and a transmission coil 622.
  • the power transmitter 620 may further include a carrier generator (not shown) for generating a specific operating frequency for power transmission.
  • the carrier generator may generate a specific frequency for converting the output DC power of the amplifier 612 received through the multiplexer 621 into AC power having a specific frequency.
  • the AC signal generated by the carrier generator is mixed with the output terminal of the multiplexer 621 to generate AC power.
  • this is only one embodiment, and the other example is before the amplifier 612. Note that it may be mixed in stages or later.
  • the frequencies of AC power delivered to each transmitting coil in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention may be different.
  • the resonance frequency of each transmission coil may be set differently by using a predetermined frequency controller having a function of differently adjusting the LC resonance characteristics for each transmission coil.
  • the power transmitter 620 includes a multiplexer 621 and a plurality of transmit coils 622—that is, a first to control the output power of the amplifier 612 to be transmitted to the transmit coil. To n-th transmission coils.
  • the controller 640 may transmit power through time division multiplexing for each transmission coil.
  • three wireless power receivers i.e., the first to third wireless power receivers, are each identified through three different transmitting coils, i.e., the first to third transmitting coils.
  • the controller 640 may control the multiplexer 621 to control power to be transmitted to a specific transmission coil in a specific time slot.
  • the amount of power transmitted to the corresponding wireless power receiver may be controlled according to the length of the time slot allocated to each transmitting coil, but this is only one embodiment.
  • By controlling the amplification factor of the amplifier 612 of the wireless power receiver may be controlled to transmit power.
  • the controller 640 may control the multiplexer multiplexer 621 to sequentially transmit the sensing signals through the first to nth transmitting coils 622 during the first sensing signal transmission procedure. At this time, the control unit 640 may identify the time when the detection signal is transmitted using the timer 655. When the transmission signal transmission time arrives, the control unit 640 controls the multiplexer 621 to detect the detection signal through the corresponding transmission coil. Can be controlled to be sent. For example, the timer 650 may transmit a specific event signal to the controller 640 at a predetermined period during the ping transmission step. When the corresponding event signal is detected, the controller 640 controls the multiplexer 621 to transmit the specific event signal. The digital ping can be sent through the coil.
  • control unit 640 stores a predetermined transmission coil identifier and a corresponding transmission coil for identifying which transmission coil has received a signal strength indicator from the demodulator 632 during the first detection signal transmission procedure. Signal strength indicator received through the can be received. Subsequently, in the second detection signal transmission procedure, the control unit 640 controls the multiplexer 621 so that the detection signal may be transmitted only through the transmission coil (s) in which the signal strength indicator was received during the first detection signal transmission procedure. You may. As another example, the controller 640 transmits the second sensed signal to the transmit coil in which the signal strength indicator having the largest value is received when there are a plurality of transmit coils in which the signal intensity indicator is received during the first sensed signal transmit procedure. In the procedure, the sensing signal may be determined as the transmitting coil to be transmitted first, and the multiplexer 621 may be controlled according to the determination result.
  • the modulator 631 may modulate the control signal generated by the controller 640 and transmit the modulated control signal to the multiplexer 621.
  • the modulation scheme for modulating the control signal is a frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation scheme, a Manchester coding modulation scheme, a PSK (Phase Shift Keying) modulation scheme, a pulse width modulation scheme, a differential 2 Differential bi-phase modulation schemes may be included, but is not limited thereto.
  • the demodulator 632 may demodulate the detected signal and transmit the demodulated signal to the controller 640.
  • the demodulated signal may include a signal strength indicator, an error correction (EC) indicator for controlling power during wireless power transmission, an end of charge (EOC) indicator, an overvoltage / overcurrent / overheat indicator, and the like.
  • EC error correction
  • EOC end of charge
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and may include various state information for identifying a state of the wireless power receiver.
  • the demodulator 632 may identify from which transmission coil the demodulated signal is received, and may provide the control unit 640 with a predetermined transmission coil identifier corresponding to the identified transmission coil.
  • the demodulator 632 may demodulate a signal received through the transmission coil 623 and transmit the demodulated signal to the controller 640.
  • the demodulated signal may include a signal strength indicator, but is not limited thereto.
  • the demodulated signal may include various state information of the wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 may obtain the signal strength indicator through in-band communication that communicates with the wireless power receiver using the same frequency used for wireless power transmission.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 may not only transmit wireless power using the transmission coil 622 but also exchange various information with the wireless power receiver through the transmission coil 622.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 further includes a separate coil corresponding to each of the transmission coils 622 (that is, the first to nth transmission coils), and wireless power using the separate coils provided. Note that in-band communication with the receiver may also be performed.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 and the wireless power receiver perform in-band communication by way of example.
  • this is only one embodiment, and is a frequency band used for wireless power signal transmission.
  • Short-range bidirectional communication may be performed through a frequency band different from that of FIG.
  • the short-range bidirectional communication may be any one of low power Bluetooth communication, RFID communication, UWB communication, and Zigbee communication.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 may adaptively provide a fast charging mode and a general low power charging mode according to a request of the wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 may transmit a signal of a predetermined pattern-a business card called a first packet-for convenience of description.
  • the wireless power receiver 600 may identify that the wireless power transmitter 600 being connected is capable of fast charging.
  • the wireless power receiver may transmit a predetermined first response packet requesting fast charging to the wireless power transmitter 6000.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 may automatically switch to the fast charging mode and start fast charging.
  • the first packet is transmitted through the transmission coil 622.
  • the first packet may be sent in the identification and configuration step 430 of FIG. 4 or the identification step 530 of FIG. 5.
  • information for identifying whether fast charging is supported may be encoded and transmitted in the digital ping signal transmitted by the wireless power transmitter 600.
  • the wireless power receiver may transmit a predetermined charging mode packet to the wireless power transmitter 600 in which the charging mode is set to fast charging.
  • the charging mode packet will be more clearly through the description of FIGS. 8 to 12 to be described later.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 and the wireless power receiver are changed to the fast charging mode, the fast charging mode is used.
  • the internal operation can be controlled so that the corresponding power can be transmitted and received.
  • the charging mode is changed from the normal low power charging mode to the fast charging mode, the over voltage judgment criteria, the over temperature judgment criteria, the low voltage / high voltage judgment criteria, the optimum voltage Values such as level (Optimum Voltage Level), power control offset, etc. may be changed and set.
  • the threshold voltage for determining the overvoltage may be set to be high to enable fast charging.
  • the threshold temperature may be set to be high in consideration of the temperature rise due to the fast charging.
  • the power control offset value which means the minimum level at which power is controlled at the transmitting end, may be set to a larger value than the general low power charging mode so as to quickly converge to a desired target power level in the fast charging mode.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless power receiver interworking with the wireless power transmitter according to FIG. 6.
  • the wireless power receiver 700 includes a receiving coil 710, a rectifier 720, a DC / DC converter 730, a load 740, a sensing unit 750, and a communication unit ( 760), and may include a main controller 770.
  • the communication unit 760 may include a demodulator 761 and a modulator 762.
  • the wireless power receiver 700 illustrated in the example of FIG. 7 is illustrated as being capable of exchanging information with the wireless power transmitter 600 through in-band communication, this is only one embodiment.
  • the communication unit 760 may provide short-range bidirectional communication through a frequency band different from the frequency band used for wireless power signal transmission.
  • the AC power received through the receiving coil 710 may be transferred to the rectifier 720.
  • the rectifier 720 may convert AC power into DC power and transmit the DC power to the DC / DC converter 730.
  • the DC / DC converter 730 may convert the strength of the rectifier output DC power into a specific intensity required by the load 740 and then transfer it to the load 740.
  • the sensing unit 750 may measure the intensity of the rectifier 720 output DC power and provide the same to the main controller 770. In addition, the sensing unit 750 may measure the strength of the current applied to the receiving coil 710 according to the wireless power reception, and may transmit the measurement result to the main controller 770. In addition, the sensing unit 750 may measure the internal temperature of the wireless power receiver 700 and provide the measured temperature value to the main controller 770.
  • the main controller 770 may determine whether the overvoltage is generated by comparing the measured intensity of the rectifier output DC power with a predetermined reference value. As a result of the determination, when the overvoltage is generated, a predetermined packet indicating that the overvoltage has occurred may be generated and transmitted to the modulator 762.
  • the signal modulated by the modulator 762 may be transmitted to the wireless power transmitter 600 through the receiving coil 710 or a separate coil (not shown).
  • the main controller 770 may determine that a sensing signal has been received. When the sensing signal is received, a signal strength indicator corresponding to the sensing signal may be modulated.
  • the demodulator 761 may output an AC power signal or a rectifier 720 between the receiving coil 710 and the rectifier 720. After demodulating the DC power signal to identify whether the detection signal is received, the identification result may be provided to the main controller 770. In this case, the main controller 770 may control the signal strength indicator corresponding to the detection signal to be transmitted through the modulator 761.
  • the main controller 770 may determine whether the connected wireless power transmitter is a wireless power transmitter capable of fast charging based on the information demodulated by the demodulator 760.
  • the main control unit 770 when a predetermined fast charge request signal for requesting fast charge is received from the electronic device 30 of FIG. 1, the main control unit 770 generates a charge mode packet corresponding to the received fast charge request signal and modulator. Can be sent to (761).
  • the fast charge request signal from the electronic device may be received according to a user menu selection on a predetermined user interface.
  • the main controller 770 When the main controller 770 according to another embodiment of the present invention determines that the connected wireless power transmitter supports the fast charging mode, the main controller 770 automatically requests the wireless power transmitter for fast charging or wireless power based on the remaining battery power. You can also control the transmitter to stop fast charging and switch to normal low power charging mode.
  • the main controller 770 may monitor the power consumption of the electric device in real time during charging in the general low power charging mode. If the power consumption of the electronic device is greater than or equal to a predetermined reference value, the main controller 770 may generate a predetermined charging mode packet for requesting switching to the fast charging mode and transmit the generated charging mode packet to the modulator 761.
  • the main control unit 770 may determine whether overheating occurs by comparing the internal temperature value measured by the sensing unit 750 with a predetermined reference value. If overheating occurs during fast charging, the main controller 770 may generate and transmit a charging mode packet so that the wireless power transmitter switches to the normal low power charging mode.
  • the main controller 770 may change the charging mode based on at least one of a battery charge rate, an internal temperature, a strength of the rectifier output voltage, a CPU usage rate mounted on the electronic device, and a user menu selection. If it is necessary to determine whether, and as a result of the determination, it is necessary to change the charging mode, it is possible to generate a charging mode packet including the change of the charging mode value and transmit to the wireless power transmitter.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for describing a method of modulating and demodulating a wireless power signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 may encode or decode a transmission target packet based on an internal clock signal having the same period.
  • the wireless power signal when the wireless power transmitter 10 or the wireless power receiver 20 does not transmit a specific packet, the wireless power signal is modulated with a specific frequency, as shown by reference numeral 41 of FIG. 1. AC signal may not be.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 or the wireless power receiver 20 transmits a specific packet the wireless power signal may be an AC signal modulated by a specific modulation scheme as shown in FIG.
  • the modulation scheme may include, but is not limited to, an amplitude modulation scheme, a frequency modulation scheme, a frequency and amplitude modulation scheme, a phase modulation scheme, and the like.
  • Differential bi-phase encoding may be applied to binary data of a packet generated by the wireless power transmitter 10 or the wireless power receiver 20 as shown in FIG.
  • differential two-stage encoding allows two state transitions to encode data bit 1 and one state transition to encode data bit zero. That is, data bit 1 is encoded such that a transition between a HI state and a LO state occurs at a rising edge and a falling edge of the clock signal, and data bit 0 is HI at the rising edge of the clock signal.
  • the transition between state and LO state may be encoded to occur.
  • the encoded binary data may be applied with a byte encoding scheme, as shown at 830.
  • the byte encoding scheme includes a start bit and a stop bit for identifying a start and type of a corresponding bit stream for an 8-bit encoded binary bit stream.
  • the method may be a method of inserting a parity bit for detecting whether an error of a corresponding bit stream (byte) occurs.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for describing a packet format according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a packet format 900 used for information exchange between the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 may be used for acquiring synchronization for demodulating the packet and identifying the correct start bit of the packet.
  • the packet receiving end may identify the size of the message 930 included in the packet based on the header 920 value.
  • the header 920 may be defined in each step of the wireless power transfer procedure, and in some, the same value may be defined in different steps of the header 920.
  • the header values corresponding to the end power transfer of the ping step and the end of the power transfer of the power transfer step may be equal to 0x02.
  • the message 930 includes data to be transmitted at the transmitting end of the packet.
  • the data included in the message 930 field may be a report, a request, or a response to the counterpart, but is not limited thereto.
  • the packet 900 may further include at least one of a transmitter identification information for identifying a transmitter that transmitted the packet and a receiver identification information for identifying a receiver for receiving the packet.
  • the transmitter identification information and the receiver identification information may include IP address information, MAC address information, product identification information, and the like, but are not limited thereto and may be information capable of distinguishing a receiver and a transmitter from a wireless charging system.
  • the packet 900 may further include predetermined group identification information for identifying the corresponding reception group when the packet is to be received by a plurality of devices.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for describing types of packets transmitted from a wireless power receiver to a wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a packet transmitted from a wireless power receiver to a wireless power transmitter includes a signal strength packet for transmitting strength information of a detected ping signal, and a type of power transmission for requesting the transmitter to stop power transmission.
  • End Power Transfer a power control hold-off packet for transmitting time information waiting to adjust the actual power after receiving a control error packet for control control
  • a configuration for transmitting the configuration information of the receiver Packet, identification packet and extended identification packet for transmitting receiver identification information general request packet for sending general request message, special request packet for sending special request message, reference quality factor value for FO detection FOD status packet, control error packet for controlling the transmitter power of the transmitter, renegotiation packet for renegotiation initiation,
  • a 24-bit received power packet and 8-bit received power packet for transmitting strength information of the received power, and a charging state packet for transmitting charge state information of a current load may be included.
  • Packets transmitted from the wireless power receiver to the wireless power transmitter may be transmitted using in-band communication using the same frequency band as the frequency band used for wireless power transmission.
  • FIG. 11A illustrates a message structure of a FOD status packet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the FOD status packet message 1100 may have a length of 2 bytes, and a 6-bit reserved (Reserved) 1101, a 2-bit mode (1102) field, and a 1-byte length It may be configured to include a reference quality factor value (1031).
  • All bits constituting the reservation 1101 field may be set to zero.
  • the mode 1102 field is binary '00', it means that the reference quality factor (RQF_NO_FO, first reference quality factor) value in the absence of the FO is recorded in the reference quality factor value 1103 field. If the mode 1102 field is a binary number '01', it may mean that a reference quality factor (RQF_FO, second reference quality factor) value in the FO state is recorded in the reference quality factor value 1103 field.
  • 11B is a diagram for explaining a message structure of an FO status packet according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the FO Status Packet message 1110 may have a length of 3 bytes, and a 6-bit reserved (Reserved, 1111), 2-bit length (Mode, 1112) field and a reference quality factor value. (Reference Quality Factor Value, 1113) and Reference Quality Factor Value With Foreign Object (1114).
  • All bits constituting the reservation 1101 field may be set to zero.
  • the operation mode of the power receiver to which the corresponding reference quality factor value 1113 is applied may be identified through the mode 1112 field.
  • the mode 1112 value is binary '00', it means that the value of the reference quality factor measured when the power of the wireless power receiver is turned off.
  • the wireless power receiver may have different reference quality factor values measured when there is no foreign substance by manufacturer and / or product type and measured reference quality factor values when foreign substances exist.
  • the wireless power transmitter adaptively determines a quality factor threshold for determining whether a foreign substance exists in consideration of a reference quality factor value measured when no foreign matter is present and a reference quality factor value measured when there is a foreign matter. Can be determined. This is because the amount of change in the quality factor value may vary depending on the presence of foreign substances in each receiver. Through this, the present invention can minimize the problem that the foreign matter is not normally detected even though the actual foreign matter is located in the charging region, the heat generation or power transmission efficiency is significantly reduced.
  • 11C is a diagram for explaining a message structure of an FO status packet according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the FO status packet message 1120 may have a length of 2 bytes, a 6-bit drop value of reference quality factor field, and a 2-bit length mode ( Mode, 1122) field, and a Reference Quality Factor Value field (1123).
  • the reference quality factor drop value 1121 is determined based on the reference quality factor value 1223 measured when no foreign matter is present and the quality factor value with foreign object measured when the foreign matter is present. Can be a value.
  • the mode 1122 field may be used to indicate that the reference quality factor drop value 1121 is recorded in the reservation 1101 field of FIG. 11A described above.
  • the value of the mode 1122 field when the value of the mode 1122 field is binary '01', it may mean that the reference quality factor drop value 1121 is recorded in the reserved field. Only another value of the mode 1122 field, e.g., binary '10' or binary '11', may be used to indicate that the reference quality factor drop value 1121 is recorded in the reserved field.
  • the reference quality factor value 1123 may automatically imply that the power of the power receiver is measured in the OFF state.
  • the format of the foreign matter packet is divided into specific modes in the specific embodiment, but the foreign matter packet may be the embodiment of FIGS. 11A to 11D regardless of the mode.
  • the reference quality factor value 1223 measured when no foreign matter is present will be referred to as RQF_NO_FO, and the quality factor value measured when specific foreign matter is referred to as QF_FO.
  • the specific foreign matter may be any one of the foreign matters defined in the WPC Qi standard.
  • the specific foreign material may be Foreign Object # 4, which is an aluminum disk having a diameter of 22 mm and a thickness of 1 mm, but is not limited thereto. Any one of general commercial coins may be used.
  • the reference quality factor drop value 1121 may be determined as the reference quality factor value 1223 corresponding to the corresponding wireless power receiver minus the quality factor value measured in the presence of a specific foreign material.
  • the reference quality factor drop value 1121 may be a ratio of a drop in the quality factor value measured when the foreign matter is present compared to the reference quality factor value 1223 measured when the foreign matter does not exist.
  • the reference quality factor drop value 1121 may be an integer value calculated as a percentage (%) or a percentage divided by a specific unit value (STEP_VALUE), but is not limited thereto.
  • the reference quality factor drop value 1121 may be calculated by Equation 1 below.
  • * 100 is expressed as% and the actual value may be a value that does not reflect * 100.
  • the wireless power receiver may have different reference quality factor drop values depending on the manufacturer or product type.
  • the wireless power transmitter obtains the reference quality factor drop value from the sensed wireless power receiver, and adaptively determines the quality factor threshold for determining the presence of foreign matter in consideration of the reference quality factor drop value. Can be determined.
  • the present invention can minimize the problem that the foreign matter is not normally detected even though the actual foreign matter is located in the charging region, the heat generation or power transmission efficiency is significantly reduced.
  • 11D is a diagram for explaining a message structure of an FO status packet according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the FO status packet message 1130 may have a length of 2 bytes, a 6 bit length of the Accurate of Reference Quality Factor (1131) field, a 2 bit length of Mode, 1132) field, and a Reference Quality Factor Value (1331) field.
  • the reference quality factor accuracy 1131 may be an allowance of an error with respect to the reference quality factor value 1223 measured when there is no foreign matter.
  • the reference quality factor value to which the tolerance of error is applied may be set at a rate that increases or decreases from the reference quality factor value 1223 received from the wireless power receiver, but is not limited thereto.
  • the reference quality factor accuracy 1131 may have different values depending on the manufacturer (or) and product type of the corresponding wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power receiver of Company A and the wireless power receiver of Company B may have different accuracy of reference quality factor values measured in conjunction with the same wireless power transmitter. Therefore, the wireless power transmitter needs to acquire information about the reference quality factor accuracy for each wireless power receiver, and may determine a quality factor threshold for determining whether there is a foreign substance in consideration of the reference quality factor accuracy.
  • the wireless power transmitter will hereinafter simply refer to the quality factor threshold value for determining whether there is a foreign substance for convenience of description as FO_QF_THRESHOLD.
  • the test result of the same wireless power transmitter the reference quality factor value measured for the wireless power receiver of Company A is 100
  • the reference quality factor value measured for the wireless power receiver of Company B may be 70.
  • the reference quality factor accuracy corresponding to company B's wireless power receiver-for example, within +/- 7%- is the reference quality factor accuracy corresponding to company A's wireless power receiver-for example, +/- 10%.
  • the quality factor accuracy may vary depending on the configuration of the finished product on which the receiver is installed. For example, depending on the PCB, camera module, antenna and other components mounted on the finished product, the quality factor can be measured lower than other finished products even in the absence of foreign substances. Accordingly, in the case of the finished product located in the filling region together with the foreign matter, the difference in the quality factor value may be smaller than that of the other finished products, and thus higher measurement accuracy is required.
  • the mode 1132 field may be used to indicate that the reference quality factor accuracy 1131 is recorded in the reservation 1101 field of FIG. 11A described above.
  • the value of the mode 1132 field when the value of the mode 1132 field is binary '01', it may mean that the reference quality factor accuracy 1131 is recorded in the reserved field.
  • Other values of the mode 1132 field e.g., binary '10' or binary '11', may be used to indicate that the reference quality factor accuracy 1131 is recorded in the reserved field.
  • the reference quality factor value 1133 may automatically imply that the power of the power receiver is measured in the OFF state.
  • the foreign material detection method defined in the conventional WPC Qi standard measures the current quality factor value before the wireless power transmitter performs the ping step, i.e., the selection step.
  • the wireless power transmitter has a reference quality factor value received from the wireless power receiver at the negotiation stage, and production and measurement tolerance and reference quality factor accuracy to account for the design differences of the transmitters. Considering the (Accuracy of Reference Quality Factor) determines the quality factor threshold for determining the presence of foreign substances.
  • the reference quality factor value is the five areas of the charging area of the Test Power Transmitter (TPT) —for example, the MP1 type transmitter defined in the WPC Qi standard—middle, four positions shifted 5 mm left and right. It means the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at. According to a design difference between the test power transmitter MP1 and a commercial wireless power transmitter, such as an inductance value of a transmission coil, the quality factor value measured in the actual charging region may be different for each transmitter. The error that compensates for this is called production and measurement error.
  • TPT Test Power Transmitter
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power receiver 1210 may transmit a FOD status packet including a second reference quality factor value (RQF_FO) to the wireless power transmitter 1220 (see FIG. 12). S1201). At this time, the mode value of the FOD status packet may be set to binary “01”.
  • RQF_FO second reference quality factor value
  • the second reference quality factor value may be determined to have the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at a plurality of points on the charging region of the specific wireless power transmitter designated for the performance test and maintained in the wireless power receiver.
  • the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO is measured at a central position where the primary coil and the secondary coil are well aligned in the presence of the FO near the wireless power receiver placed in the charging area.
  • the first quality factor value and the FO in the vicinity of the wireless power receiver may be +/- 5 mm in a certain distance offset from the center without rotation of the wireless power receiver, for example, in the x and y axes, respectively. May be determined to be the smallest of the measured second quality factor values.
  • the second quality factor values may include quality factor values measured at at least four different locations.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1220 may determine the received second reference quality factor value as a quality factor threshold value (Q_threshold) (S1203).
  • Q_threshold quality factor threshold value
  • the wireless power transmitter 1220 may measure the current quality factor value Q_current and compare whether the current quality factor value Q_current is greater than or equal to the quality factor threshold Q_threshod (S1203 to S1204).
  • the current quality factor value may be performed before the digital ping step, may be measured immediately before the negotiation (renegotiation) step, or periodically.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1220 determines that the FO is not detected and transmits an ACK response to the wireless power receiver 1210. It may be (S1205). In this case, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1220 may transition from the negotiation step to the power transmission step.
  • step 1204 if the current quality factor value Q_current is smaller than the quality factor threshold Q_threshod, the wireless power transmitter 1220 determines that the FO has been detected, and the NAK is transmitted to the wireless power receiver 1210. The response may be transmitted (S1206). At this time, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1220 may transition from the negotiation stage to the selection stage.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power receiver 1310 may transmit a FOD status packet including a second reference quality factor value (RQF_FO) to the wireless power transmitter 1320 (see FIG. 13). S1301). At this time, the mode value of the FOD status packet may be set to binary “01”.
  • RQF_FO second reference quality factor value
  • the second reference quality factor value may be determined to have the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at a plurality of points on the charging region of the specific wireless power transmitter designated for the performance test and maintained in the wireless power receiver.
  • the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO is measured at a central position where the primary coil and the secondary coil are well aligned in the presence of the FO near the wireless power receiver placed in the charging area.
  • the first quality factor value and the FO in the vicinity of the wireless power receiver may be +/- 5 mm in a certain distance offset from the center without rotation of the wireless power receiver, for example, in the x and y axes, respectively. May be determined to be the smallest of the measured second quality factor values.
  • the second quality factor values may include quality factor values measured at at least four different locations.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1320 may determine a threshold value for FO detection based on the received second reference quality factor value and a design factor previously stored in correspondence with the wireless power transmitter 1320 (S1303).
  • the second reference quality factor value corrected based on the configuration factor will be referred to as a correction quality factor threshold Q_threshold_correct.
  • the second reference quality factor value is determined based on the quality factor value measured on a particular wireless power transmitter, hereinafter referred to as a test wireless power transmitter, called a business card, designated for performance testing, so that it is commercially manufactured by a particular manufacturer.
  • a test wireless power transmitter a business card
  • a commercial wireless power transmitter, a business card may differ from each other in configuration and characteristics with a test wireless power transmitter.
  • the quality factor values measured under the same conditions may be different in a commercial wireless power transmitter and a test wireless power transmitter. Therefore, the second reference quality factor value used as the threshold for FO detection in the embodiment of FIG. 12 described above needs to be corrected in consideration of the configuration and characteristics of the commercial wireless power transmitter, that is, the configuration factor.
  • a configuration factor may include a power class corresponding to a corresponding commercial wireless power transmitter, characteristics and arrangement of a transmitting coil, a power control algorithm mounted on the transmitter, power transfer loss, and a corresponding wireless power transmitter. It may be a correction constant value determined based on at least one parameter of the shape and structure of, but is not limited thereto, and may be a value capable of correcting a quality factor measurement error compared to a test wireless power transmitter.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1320 may measure the current quality factor value Q_current and compare whether the current quality factor value Q_current is greater than or equal to the correction quality factor threshold Q_threshod_correct (S1303 to S1304).
  • the current quality factor value may be performed before the digital pinging step, immediately before the negotiation (renegotiation) step, or periodically.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1320 determines that the FO is not detected and sends an ACK response to the wireless power receiver 1310. It may transmit (S1305). In this case, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1320 may transition from the negotiation step to the power transmission step.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1320 determines that the FO has been detected, and transmits to the wireless power receiver 1310.
  • the NAK response may be transmitted (S1306). In this case, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1320 may transition from the negotiation step to the selection step.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power receiver 1410 may transmit first to second FOD status packets including a reference quality factor value (Q_reference) to the wireless power transmitter 1420. There is (S1401 to S1402).
  • the first FOD status packet may include a first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO when the mode is binary '00'.
  • the second FOD state packet may include a second reference quality factor value (RQF_FO) when Mode is 1, that is, a reference quality factor value determined based on the quality factor value measured while the FO is in the charging region. have.
  • the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO is greater than the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO.
  • the first to second reference quality factor values may each be determined based on the quality factor values measured in the absence of the FO near the receiver and the presence of the FO near the receiver.
  • the first to second reference quality factor values may be determined as values having the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at a plurality of points on the charging region of the specific test wireless power transmitter.
  • the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO is measured at a central position where the primary coil and the secondary coil are well aligned with no FO near the wireless power receiver placed in the charging region.
  • a second measured and moved with a first quality factor value and a distance offset from the center without rotation of the wireless power receiver for example, but may be, but not limited to, +/- 5 mm in the x- and y-axes, respectively
  • the smallest of the quality factor values can be determined.
  • the second quality factor values may include quality factor values measured at at least four different locations.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1420 may determine a quality factor threshold rate (Q_threshold_rate) for FO detection based on the received first to second reference quality factor values (S1403).
  • Q_threshold_rate a quality factor threshold rate for FO detection based on the received first to second reference quality factor values (S1403).
  • the wireless power transmitter 1420 may measure a current quality factor value Q_current and calculate a quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate based on the measured current quality factor value and the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO (S1404). ).
  • the current quality factor value may be performed before the digital pinging step, immediately before the negotiation (renegotiation) step, or periodically.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1420 may compare whether the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate is smaller than the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate (S1405).
  • the wireless power transmitter 1420 determines that the FO is not detected, and transmits an ACK response to the wireless power receiver 1410 (S1406). At this time, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1420 may transition from the negotiation step to the power transmission step.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1420 determines that the FO is detected, and transmits to the wireless power receiver 1410.
  • the NAK response may be transmitted (S1407).
  • the state of the wireless power transmitter 1420 may transition from the negotiation step to the selection step.
  • the FO detection is performed by comparing the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate and the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate.
  • the wireless power transmitter calculates the correction quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate_correct based on a configuration factor corresponding to the wireless power transmitter, and compares the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate and the correction quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate_correct. It may be determined whether the FO exists in the charging region.
  • the quality factor threshold may be determined as follows.
  • the received quality factor measurement error range (ex ⁇ 10% (0.1 * reference quality factor value), or Accuracy of Quality Factor Value (FIG. 11D)) and transmitter characteristics (transmitter type ( Design, manufacturer, product or measurement error, etc.).
  • the quality factor table 1500 shown in FIG. 15 may be maintained in the memory of the wireless power transmitter.
  • the wireless power transmitter may update the quality factor table 1500 based on the received FO status packet.
  • the quality factor table 1500 may include a receiver identifier 1501 field, a most recently measured quality factor value (Latest Measured Quality Factor Value, 1502) field, a first reference quality factor value (RQF_NO_FO, 1503) field, and a second value. And at least one of a reference quality factor value (RQF_FO, 1504) field and a correction quality factor threshold value (Q_threshold_correct, 1505) field.
  • the receiver identifier 1501 may be configured by combining any one or at least one of a manufacturer code, a basic device identifier, and an extended device identifier obtained in the identification and configuration steps. Can be.
  • the receiver identifier may be configured by concatenating a manufacturer code and a basic device identifier.
  • the receiver identifier may be configured by concatenating a manufacturer code, a basic device identifier, and an extended device identifier.
  • the most recently measured quality factor value 1502 field may record the most recently measured quality factor value corresponding to the corresponding receiver identifier 1501. At this time, when charging for the wireless power receiver corresponding to the corresponding receiver identifier 1501 is normally completed or when a normal state transition to the power transmission state is made in the negotiation phase, the wireless power transmitter may determine the quality factor value measured in the negotiation phase. It can be recorded in the quality factor table 1500.
  • the wireless power transmitter when the wireless power transmitter receives the FOD status packet in the negotiation step, the wireless power transmitter sets the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO or (and) the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO included in the FOD status packet to the quality factor table 1500. You can also write
  • the wireless power transmitter may record the correction quality factor threshold Q_threshold_correct calculated for the FO detection in the quality factor table 1500 during the initial negotiation with the wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power transmitter may detect the FO by referring to the quality factor table 1500.
  • the quality factor table 1500 further includes at least one of the reference quality factor drop value 1121 described in FIG. 11C and the reference quality factor accuracy 1131 described in FIG. 11D. Can be configured.
  • 16 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an FO detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the FO detection apparatus 1600 may be mounted or mounted on a wireless power transmitter.
  • the FO detection apparatus 1600 includes a communication unit 1610, a determination unit 1620, a measurement unit 1630, a detection unit 1640, a control unit 1650, and a power transmission unit 1660. Can be.
  • the communication unit 1610 may receive a FOD status packet including a reference quality factor value from the wireless power receiver connected in the negotiation step.
  • the reference quality factor values are reference quality factor values (RQF_NO_FO, first reference quality factor value) when the FO is not present in the filling region and reference quality factor values (RQF_FO, second criterion) when the FO is present in the filling region. Quality factor value), and may be received through one FOD status packet or a plurality of FOD status packets in the negotiation step.
  • the determiner 1620 may determine a threshold to be used for FO detection based on the received reference quality factor value.
  • the threshold used for FO detection may be determined as the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO, but this is only one embodiment, and the threshold used for FO detection according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • the second reference quality factor value may be determined based on a configuration factor corresponding to the wireless power transmitter.
  • the threshold value used for FO detection according to another embodiment of the present invention may be determined by a quality factor threshold rate (Q_threshold_rate) calculated based on the first to second reference quality factor values.
  • Q_threshold_rate a quality factor threshold rate
  • the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate may be determined as a value obtained by dividing the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO by the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO.
  • the threshold value used for FO detection may include a first correction reference quality factor calculated by applying the first to second reference quality factor values corresponding to the corresponding wireless power transmitter. It may be determined based on the correction quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate_correct calculated based on the second correction reference quality factor.
  • the measurer 1630 may measure or calculate a value related to a current quality factor compared with the threshold when detecting the FO.
  • the measurer 1630 may measure the current quality factor value Q_current in the negotiation step.
  • the measurer 1630 may calculate the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate based on the measured current quality factor value Q_current and the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO.
  • the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate may be calculated as [RQF_NO_FO-Q_current] / [RQF_NO_FO].
  • the measurer 1630 may calculate a current quality factor ratio Q_current_rate based on the measured current quality factor value Q_current and the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO.
  • the current quality factor ratio Q_current_rate may be calculated as [Q_current] / [RQF_NO_FO].
  • the detector 1640 may detect whether the FO exists in the charging region by comparing the threshold determined by the determiner 1620 and the value measured or calculated by the measurer 1630.
  • the detector 1640 may determine that the FO exists in the charging region when the current quality factor value Q_current is smaller than the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO. have.
  • the detector 1640 may determine that the FO exists in the charging region when the current quality factor value Q_current is smaller than the correction quality factor threshold Q_threshold_correct. have.
  • the detector 1640 may compare the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate and the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate to determine whether the FO exists in the charging region. Can be.
  • the detector 1640 may determine whether the FO exists in the charging area by comparing the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate with the correction quality factor threshold ratio calculated based on a configuration factor corresponding to the wireless power transmitter. can do.
  • the detector 1640 may determine the quality factor threshold as follows.
  • the received quality factor measurement error range (ex ⁇ 10% (0.1 * reference Q-Factor Value), or Accuracy of Quality Factor Value (FIG. 11D)) and transmitter characteristics (transmitter type) to the received reference quality factor value. (Design), manufacturer, product or measurement error, etc.).
  • the controller 1650 may control the overall operation and input / output of the FO detection apparatus 1600. For example, when the FO is not detected by the detector 1640, the controller 1650 transitions the state of the wireless power transmitter from the negotiation stage to the power transfer stage, and the power transmitter 1660 is required to charge the load. Can be controlled to send. As another example, when the FO is detected by the detector 1640, the controller 1650 transitions the state of the wireless power transmitter from the negotiation stage to the selection stage, and controls the power transmission unit 1660 to block power transmission. can do.
  • the FO detection apparatus 1600 may further include a memory (not shown) for maintaining the quality factor table 1500 illustrated in FIG. 15.
  • the FO detection apparatus 1600 does not detect the FO by the detection unit 1640, the FO detection apparatus 1600 and the wireless power receiver (the wireless power transmitter) before the transition to the power transmission step. It may further include a correction unit (not shown) for calculating the power loss therebetween.
  • FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power receiver 1710 may wirelessly transmit a FOD state packet including a reference quality factor value and a drop value of reference quality factor. It may transmit to the transmitter 1720 (S1701). At this time, the mode value of the FOD status packet may be set to binary “01”, but is not limited thereto.
  • the reference quality factor value may be determined as the value having the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at a plurality of points on the charging region of the specific wireless power transmitter designated for the performance test and maintained in the wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1720 may determine a quality factor threshold value (Q_threshold) using the received reference quality factor value and the reference quality factor drop value (S1703).
  • Q_threshold a quality factor threshold value
  • the wireless power transmitter 1720 may determine a value obtained by subtracting the reference quality factor drop value from the reference quality factor value as the quality factor threshold value, but is not limited thereto.
  • the quality factor threshold may be determined using a predetermined quality factor threshold generation function in which the reference quality factor value and the reference quality factor drop value are input variables.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1720 may measure the current quality factor value Q_current and compare whether the current quality factor value Q_current is greater than or equal to the quality factor threshold Q_threshod (S1703 to S1704).
  • the current quality factor value may be performed before the digital ping step, may be measured immediately before the negotiation (renegotiation) step, or periodically after the digital ping step.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1720 determines that the FO is not detected and transmits an ACK response to the wireless power receiver 1710. It may be (S1705). At this time, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1720 may transition from the negotiation stage to the power transmission stage.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1720 determines that the FO has been detected and the NAK is transmitted to the wireless power receiver 1710. The response may be transmitted (S1706). At this time, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1720 may transition from the negotiation stage to the selection stage.
  • FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power receiver 1810 may transmit a FOD state packet including an Accuracy of Reference Quality Factor and a Reference Quality Factor Value. 1820 may be transmitted (S1801). At this time, the mode value of the FOD status packet may be set to binary “01”, but is not limited thereto.
  • the reference quality factor value may be determined as the value having the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at a plurality of points on the charging region of the specific wireless power transmitter designated for the performance test and maintained in the wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1820 may determine a quality factor threshold value (Q_threshold) using the received reference quality factor accuracy and the reference quality factor value (S1803).
  • the wireless power transmitter 1820 may further determine the quality factor threshold value by using the pre-stored production and measurement tolerance.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1820 may determine, as the quality factor threshold, a value obtained by subtracting the reference quality factor accuracy and the production and measurement error from the reference quality factor value, but is not limited thereto.
  • the quality factor threshold may be determined using a predetermined quality factor threshold generation function in which the reference quality factor accuracy and the reference quality factor value are input variables.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1820 may measure the current quality factor value Q_current and compare whether the current quality factor value Q_current is greater than or equal to the quality factor threshold Q_threshod (S1803 to S1804).
  • the current quality factor value according to an embodiment of the present invention may be performed before the digital ping step, may be measured just before the negotiation (renegotiation) step, or periodically after the digital ping step.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1820 determines that the FO is not detected and transmits an ACK response to the wireless power receiver 1810. It may be (S1805). At this time, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1820 may transition from the negotiation step to the power transmission step.
  • step 1804 if the current quality factor value Q_current is smaller than the quality factor threshold Q_threshod, the wireless power transmitter 1820 determines that the FO is detected, and the NAK is transmitted to the wireless power receiver 1810. The response may be transmitted (S1806). In this case, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1820 may transition from the negotiation stage to the selection stage.
  • the wireless power transmitter may acquire all of the reference quality factor value, the reference quality factor accuracy, and the reference quality factor drop value through the plurality of FOD status packets.
  • the wireless power transmitter may determine the quality factor threshold value using at least one of a reference quality factor value, a reference quality factor accuracy, a reference quality factor drop value, and a production and measurement error.
  • the wireless power transmitter may determine an output value of a predetermined quality factor threshold generation function that uses a reference quality factor value, a reference quality factor accuracy, and a reference quality factor drop value as an input variable as a quality factor threshold value.
  • a wireless power transmitter obtains a quality factor value, a reference quality factor accuracy, and a reference quality factor drop value measured in the absence of foreign matter through a plurality of FOD status packets from a wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power transmitter may determine the quality factor threshold by subtracting the reference quality factor accuracy and the reference quality factor drop value from the quality factor value measured in the absence of foreign matter.
  • the wireless power transmitter may determine a quality factor threshold value based on an output value of a predetermined quality factor threshold generation function having as input variables a quality factor value, a reference quality factor accuracy, and a reference quality factor drop value measured in the absence of foreign matter. You can also decide by value.
  • FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of an FO detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the FO detecting apparatus 1900 includes a driving unit 1902, a resonant capacitor 1901, a transmitting coil 1904, a quality factor measuring unit 1905, a demodulator 1906, and a control unit 1907. Can be configured.
  • the driver 1902 may convert DC power applied from the power supply 1901 to AC power, and adjust the strength of the AC power according to a control signal of the controller 1907.
  • the driver 1902 may include a frequency oscillator for generating a specific frequency signal, an inverter for amplifying an AC signal oscillated by the frequency oscillator, and the like.
  • the quality factor measuring unit 1905 may measure a quality factor value for the transmitting coil by monitoring a change in inductance (or voltage or current) at both ends of the resonant capacitor 103. The measured current quality factor value is transmitted to the controller 1907.
  • the demodulator 1906 demodulates a signal received from the wireless power receiver and transmits the demodulated signal to the controller 1907. As an example, the demodulator 1906 may demodulate and forward the FO status packet to the controller 1907.
  • the controller 1907 may determine a quality factor threshold value for the corresponding wireless power receiver based on at least one of a reference quality factor value, a reference quality factor accuracy, and a reference quality factor drop value included in the FO status packet.
  • the controller 1907 may determine whether the FO exists in the charging area by comparing the determined quality factor threshold with the current quality factor measured by the quality factor measurer 1905.
  • the controller 1907 may continue charging or stop charging and return to the selection step according to the determination result.
  • control unit 1907 adaptively determining the quality factor threshold based on the FO status packet and the function of detecting the FO based on the determined quality factor threshold is described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 18. Replace with description.
  • the method according to the embodiment described above may be stored in a computer-readable recording medium that is produced as a program for execution on a computer, and examples of the computer-readable recording medium include ROM, RAM, CD-ROM, magnetic tape , Floppy disks, optical data storage devices, and the like, and also include those implemented in the form of carrier waves (eg, transmission over the Internet).
  • the computer readable recording medium can be distributed over network coupled computer systems so that the computer readable code is stored and executed in a distributed fashion.
  • functional programs, codes, and code segments for implementing the above-described method may be easily inferred by programmers in the art to which the embodiments belong.
  • the present invention can be used in the field of wireless charging, and in particular, can be applied to a wireless power transmission device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de détection de corps étranger (FO) pour charge sans fil, et un dispositif et un système associés. Le procédé de détection de FO sur un émetteur de puissance sans fil, selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, peut consister: à recevoir un second paquet comprenant une seconde valeur de facteur de qualité de référence; à déterminer une valeur de seuil à l'aide de la seconde valeur de facteur de qualité de référence; à mesurer la valeur de facteur de qualité courante; et à détecter un FO sur la base de la valeur de seuil et de la valeur de facteur de qualité courante. Ainsi, l'invention présente l'avantage de permettre une détection plus efficace d'un FO.
PCT/KR2017/002888 2016-04-15 2017-03-17 Procédé de détection de corps étranger (fo), et dispositif et système associés WO2017179826A1 (fr)

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KR10-2016-0046114 2016-04-15
KR1020160067888A KR20170118571A (ko) 2016-04-15 2016-06-01 Fo 검출 방법 및 그를 위한 장치 및 시스템
KR10-2016-0067888 2016-06-01

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