WO2018070091A1 - Ester oil-filled electric apparatus, ester oil-filled transformer, and method for analyzing aldehyde compound contained in ester oil - Google Patents

Ester oil-filled electric apparatus, ester oil-filled transformer, and method for analyzing aldehyde compound contained in ester oil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018070091A1
WO2018070091A1 PCT/JP2017/027610 JP2017027610W WO2018070091A1 WO 2018070091 A1 WO2018070091 A1 WO 2018070091A1 JP 2017027610 W JP2017027610 W JP 2017027610W WO 2018070091 A1 WO2018070091 A1 WO 2018070091A1
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ester oil
aldehyde compound
tank
electrical equipment
gas
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PCT/JP2017/027610
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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師岡　寿至
明 山岸
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株式会社日立製作所
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
    • G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/12—Oil cooling
    • H01F27/14—Expansion chambers; Oil conservators; Gas cushions; Arrangements for purifying, drying, or filling

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  • the present invention relates to a method for measuring an aldehyde compound in an ester oil used in an ester oil-containing electrical device, an ester oil-containing transformer, and an ester oil-containing electrical device using ester oil as an insulating / cooling medium.
  • mineral oil has been widely used as an insulation / cooling medium for transformers, which are electrical devices that use an insulation / cooling medium.
  • high-biodegradable vegetable oils or ester oils such as synthetic ester oils synthesized from fatty acids and alcohols have been applied as insulation and cooling media for transformers instead of this mineral oil. ing.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-212368 discloses a method for diagnosing degradation of vegetable insulating oil by measuring the concentration of fatty acid generated by the decomposition of vegetable insulating oil.
  • ester oil when the ester oil is thermally deteriorated, a hydrolysis reaction proceeds with a small amount of water present in the oil, and fatty acids and alcohol constituting the ester oil are generated.
  • fatty acids When analyzing constituent fatty acids produced by degradation of ester oils, fatty acids are difficult to volatilize and are difficult to separate and extract due to the close chemical structure of ester oils.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to enable low-molecular-weight and low-boiling aldehyde compounds produced by thermal degradation to ester oils used as insulating and cooling media for ester oil-containing electrical equipment, and to quantitate them online efficiently and simply. Measurement of aldehyde compounds in ester oil used in electrical equipment containing ester oil, transformers containing ester oil, and electrical equipment containing ester oil that facilitated preventive maintenance of electrical equipment that uses ester oil as an insulation and cooling medium It is to provide a method.
  • the electrical equipment containing ester oil of the present invention is an electrical equipment containing ester oil having a tank containing an electrical device inside and an ester oil contained in the tank and insulating cooling medium for insulating and cooling the electrical device.
  • Ester oil collection pipe for collecting ester oil and gas component collection container for evaporating low molecular weight, low boiling point aldehyde compounds dissolved in ester oil by heating the ester oil collected in this collection pipe
  • a gas analyzer for analyzing the gas of the aldehyde compound collected in the gas component collection container.
  • an aldehyde compound having a low molecular weight and a low boiling point produced by thermal degradation of an ester oil used as an insulating / cooling medium for an ester oil-containing electrical device can be quantified efficiently and simply online. Measurement of aldehyde compounds in ester oil used in electrical equipment containing ester oil, transformers containing ester oil, and electrical equipment containing ester oil that facilitated preventive maintenance of electrical equipment that uses ester oil as an insulation and cooling medium A method can be realized.
  • Example 1 As an example of an electrical apparatus containing ester oil, Example 1 will be described for a transformer containing ester oil.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a transformer containing ester oil.
  • This ester oil-containing transformer includes a tank 1, an iron core 2 disposed inside the tank 1, an inner winding 3 and an outer winding 4 mounted on the iron core 2, and an insulating cylinder 5. ing.
  • an ester oil 6 as an insulating cooling medium for insulating and cooling the iron core 2, the inner winding 3 and the outer winding 4, and a nitrogen gas 7 existing above the ester oil 6 are provided. And is housed.
  • a cooler 8 for cooling the ester oil 6 that is an insulating / cooling medium accommodated in the tank 1 is installed outside the tank 1.
  • the tank 1 and the cooler 8 have an upper portion and a lower portion. Are connected through an upper cooling pipe 9a and a lower cooling pipe 9b.
  • the ester oil 6 as an insulating / cooling medium accommodated in the tank 1 is a compound having an ester bond represented by the following chemical structural formula (1), (2), or (3). It is. These may be used alone or mixed. It is also possible to add additives such as antioxidants and hydrolysis inhibitors.
  • Formula (1) is a general chemical structural formula of vegetable oil, and is a compound in which glycerin and a fatty acid are ester-bonded.
  • Formula (2) is a typical chemical structural formula of a synthetic ester oil, which is a compound in which a polyhydric alcohol and a fatty acid are ester-bonded.
  • the polyhydric alcohol is pentaerythritol has been described, but as the polyhydric alcohol, trimethylolpropane, neopentyl glycol, or the like may be used.
  • Formula (3) is a compound in which a monohydric alcohol and a fatty acid are ester-bonded.
  • the ester oil 6 as an insulating / cooling medium accommodated in the tank 1 flows from the inside of the tank 1 to the inside of the cooler 8 through the upper cooling pipe 9 a as indicated by the arrow, and is cooled by the cooler 8. After that, it is sent again from the cooler 8 to the inside of the tank 1 through the lower cooling pipe 9b to cool the iron core 2, the inner winding 3 and the outer winding 4 provided in the tank 1, It functions to take away Joule heat generated from the iron core 2, the inner winding 3, and the outer winding 4.
  • the iron core 2 is clamped and held by an upper clamp 10a and a lower clamp 10b attached to the upper and lower portions, respectively.
  • a first insulator 11 and a second insulator 12 are respectively provided on the inner winding 3 and the outer winding 4, and the first insulator 13 is also provided below the inner winding 3 and the outer winding 4.
  • the second insulators 14 are respectively installed. Further, a cooling oil introducing portion 15 for cooling the iron core 2 is formed on the center side of the iron core 2.
  • the aldehyde compound having a low molecular weight and a low boiling point generated by thermal deterioration of the ester oil 6 as an insulating / cooling medium is heated on the liquid surface of the ester oil 6 by heating the ester oil 6.
  • a decomposition product analyzer having the following configuration is provided.
  • a pipe 16a that is disposed in the lower part of the tank 1 and collects the ester oil 6 inside the tank 1, and a gas component is collected by heating the ester oil 6 that is installed and connected to the pipe 16a.
  • a gas component collecting container 17 for connecting to the gas component collecting container 17, a gas pipe 18 for guiding the gas component collected from the ester oil 6 from the gas component collecting container 17, and a gas pipe 18 connected thereto.
  • This decomposition product analyzing apparatus is composed of a gas analyzing apparatus 19 for analyzing gas components collected from the ester oil 6 installed and guided.
  • a heater 20 for heating the ester oil 6 is provided outside the gas component collection container 17 in order to evaporate and vaporize the aldehyde compound in the collected ester oil 6.
  • the heating temperature for evaporating and vaporizing the low molecular weight, low boiling point aldehyde compound generated by thermal degradation by heating the ester oil 6 inside by the heater 20 is about 80 to 150 ° C., preferably It is set to about 100 degrees to 130 degrees.
  • FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the heating temperature of the ester oil and the ionic strength of the aldehyde compound.
  • FIG. 2 shows the results of examining the evaporation / vaporization behavior of each of the trimer, tetramer, and pentamer components when the temperature of the ester oil is increased in order to analyze the aldehyde compound as an indicator of deterioration. The observation was performed by an evolved gas analysis method (EGA-MS: Evolved Gas Analysis-Mass Spectrometry).
  • EVA-MS Evolved Gas Analysis-Mass Spectrometry
  • the sample was not a heat-degraded product of ester oil, but was prepared by adding hexanal as an aldehyde compound to ester oil. After the sample is placed in the cell, it is stabilized in a He atmosphere, and the sample is heated from 50 ° C. at a rate of temperature increase of 10 ° / min. The gas continuously generated up to 200 ° C. is sent to a mass spectrometer. Introduced.
  • FIG. 2 shows the result of heating the ester oil in a He atmosphere up to 50 to 200 ° C. and displaying the M / Z value 100 with a one-dot chain line.
  • the heating temperature can be about 80 to 150 degrees.
  • the observation time can be shortened by heating to 100 to 130 degrees, and the measurement can be performed efficiently.
  • a means for collecting a predetermined amount of ester oil for example, there is provided a means for collecting a substantially constant amount of ester oil by opening the valve 21a for a predetermined time and measuring the weight of the collected ester oil.
  • the gas component of the aldehyde compound generated by the thermal deterioration of the ester oil 6 evaporated and vaporized in the gas phase portion inside the gas component collection container 17 by heating is sent to the gas analyzer 19 through the gas pipe 18, and this gas analyzer
  • the gas component of the aldehyde compound having a low molecular weight and a low boiling point generated by thermal degradation by 19 is analyzed and quantified online while the transformer containing ester oil is in operation.
  • Examples of the means for taking out the aldehyde compound from the gas component collection container into the gas analyzer include flowing an inert gas such as nitrogen, helium, or argon.
  • an adsorbent that can be heated by a heater is installed inside the gas component collection container 17, and after the gas component of the aldehyde compound evaporated and vaporized is once adsorbed in the gas phase portion, the adsorbent is heated and vaporized.
  • the aldehyde compound can also be efficiently taken out by introducing the gas component of the aldehyde compound into the gas analyzer using an inert gas.
  • the determination device that performs the diagnosis can be configured, for example, to transmit the measurement result of the gas analyzer to a monitoring device or a storage unit through a signal line and monitor the amount of the aldehyde compound obtained from the gas analysis result.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the monitor screen of the monitoring device.
  • FIG. 3 shows a plot of the amount of aldehyde compound obtained from the gas analyzer with respect to the operating time, and a predetermined value (dashed line) of the amount of aldehyde compound set in advance in order to determine the deterioration of the ester oil.
  • a predetermined value dashed line
  • the amount of the aldehyde compound is not more than the value indicated by the broken line, and the deterioration of the ester oil can be easily determined by checking the monitor screen.
  • ester oil has deteriorated, stop the operation of the equipment, check for equipment abnormalities in daily inspection items, collect the ester oil, and further analyze the condition. In addition, when the equipment is stopped, such as during periodic inspection, depending on the degree of deterioration, it is possible to prevent a transformer from being broken by replacing part or all of the ester oil.
  • management can be facilitated by providing means for notifying deterioration of ester oil. For example, when the amount of the aldehyde compound exceeds a predetermined value set in advance, an alarm device or the like that issues an alarm by determining that the ester oil has deteriorated may be provided.
  • the frequency of confirmation of deterioration of ester oil in electrical equipment is once a week, once a month, etc. Therefore, it is possible to provide a control device that starts the determination of the deterioration every predetermined period.
  • the control device operates the pump at a predetermined cycle to take the ester oil in the tank into the gas component collection container, starts heating the ester oil, and operates the gas analyzer.
  • the valve is opened, the ester oil is collected from the collection pipe connected to the tank, the valve is closed, the heater is operated, and a certain amount of the ester oil collected in the gas component collection container is heated to obtain the aldehyde compound. Collect. After analyzing the amount of aldehyde compound, the heater is stopped and components remaining in the analyzer are purified. Since ester oil has few decomposition products, it may be returned to the tank without being discharged out of the system. Further, since the amount of ester oil to be measured is small (eg, 50 ml), it may be discarded.
  • the ester oil used for one determination may be about 1 to 5 ml.
  • the amount of ester oil is large, the amount of gas obtained can be easily determined, and when the amount is small, heating of the ester oil becomes easy.
  • the ester oil remaining in the component collection container after the determination does not have a low molecular weight compound that lowers the flash point, it can be returned to the tank and reused.
  • the pump can be controlled together by the control device described above.
  • it is good also as a structure which discards the ester oil after determining deterioration and replenishes as needed.
  • the transformer with ester oil having the above-described configuration, it is generated by thermal deterioration of the ester oil 6 as an insulating / cooling medium accommodated in the tank 1 during operation of the transformer, and is dissolved in the ester oil 6. Since the aldehyde compound is evaporated and vaporized in the gas phase portion on the liquid surface of the ester oil 6 by heating the ester oil 6 and analyzed as a gas, it is generated by thermal degradation of the ester oil 6. Since the aldehyde compound can be quantified online efficiently and simply, preventive maintenance of the transformer containing ester oil can be easily achieved.
  • an aldehyde compound having a low molecular weight and a low boiling point produced by thermal degradation of ester oil used as an insulating / cooling medium for ester oil-containing electrical equipment can be quantified on-line efficiently and simply.
  • Aldehydes in ester oils used in electrical equipment containing ester oil, transformers containing ester oil, and electrical equipment containing ester oil, which facilitated preventive maintenance of electrical equipment that uses ester oil as an insulation and cooling medium A method for measuring a compound can be realized.
  • the gas component collection container 17 is arranged through a pipe 16 a communicating with a cooling pipe 9 b installed at the lower part of the cooler 8. Yes. Since the piping 16a for collecting the ester oil 6 is installed so as to communicate with the cooling piping 9b without directly communicating with the tank 1, the piping 16a can be arranged more simply.
  • the basic configuration of the ester oil-containing transformer shown in FIG. 4 is the same as that of the first embodiment of the transformer containing the ester oil shown in FIG.
  • Also shown in FIG. 1 is a method for on-line analysis and quantification of low molecular weight, low boiling point aldehyde compounds produced by thermal degradation of the ester oil 6 as an insulating and cooling medium during operation of the transformer containing ester oil in FIG. Since it is the same as the first embodiment, the description here is omitted.
  • the low molecular weight, low boiling point aldehyde generated by thermal degradation of the ester oil used as an insulating / cooling medium for the electrical equipment containing the ester oil Ester oil-containing electrical equipment, ester oil-containing transformers, and ester oils that enable easy and efficient quantitative and online determination of compounds and facilitate the preventive maintenance of electrical equipment that uses ester oil as an insulation and cooling medium.
  • the measuring method of the aldehyde compound in the ester oil currently used for the entering electric equipment is realizable.
  • Fig. 5 shows another example of electrical equipment containing ester oil.
  • ester oil is circulated in the analyzer.
  • the ester oil collection port was taken in from the tank 1 main body through the pipe 16b, and the discharge port was used as the cooling pipe 9b in the lower part of the cooler.
  • the pump for circulation was omitted. Open the valve 21a and valve 21b to circulate the ester oil in the piping of the analyzer, and close the valve when the internal ester oil is sufficiently replaced with the one at the time of measurement.
  • the ester oil is heated to measure the amount of aldehyde compound. Since the ester oil after the measurement has only decreased the aldehyde compound, the valve can be opened and returned to the tank.
  • ester oil may be collected from the lower cooling pipe 9b, but it is efficient to collect from the lower cooling pipe 9a or the upper part of the tank body in order to reduce heating during analysis. Further, since the cooling pipe has a high flow rate of ester oil, it is preferable to use a pipe as a discharge port to circulate and to omit a part of the pump.
  • Example 3 a function for notifying the diagnosis result was added.
  • the measurement result of the gas analyzer is provided with a power line 24, and is transmitted to the alarm device, the monitoring device, and the storage unit through the signal line 22 through the terminal box 23, the alarm signal line 25, and the constant monitoring signal line 26.
  • the administrator can check the deterioration state of the ester oil and manage the equipment. For example, when the amount of aldehyde compound released exceeds a predetermined value, an alarm device that determines that the ester oil has deteriorated and issues an alarm may be provided.
  • the set value is set by examining the measured value obtained from the deteriorated ester oil and the characteristics of the ester oil such as volume resistivity.
  • bulb is open
  • Diagnosis by the gas analyzer can be performed at a set frequency such as once a week or once a month, or at all times.
  • diagnosis using a control device performed for each cycle will be described.
  • the operation of the gas analyzer is mainly divided into four stages: measurement preparation, measurement, cleaning, and steady state.
  • the time required for each step of the above-mentioned Table 1 can be appropriately adjusted depending on the configuration of the piping, the frequency of the ester oil inspection, the period of use of the ester oil, and the like.
  • the pump and valve are opened, and the ester oil in the sampling pipe connected to the tank and the gas component collection container for collecting the ester oil is circulated.
  • the pump and valve are closed, the heater is operated, the ester oil collected in a certain amount in the gas component collection container is heated, and the aldehyde compound is collected.
  • the heater is stopped to purify and remove the components remaining in the analyzer and the ester oil.
  • the diagnosed ester oil is free from aldehyde compounds and the like, and has only a small amount of decomposition products, so it may be returned to the tank without being discharged out of the system. Further, since the amount of ester oil to be measured is small (about 1 to 50 ml), it may be discarded.
  • control the means to notify the manager of the deterioration of the ester oil and the means to stop the operation of the electrical equipment containing the ester oil efficiently prevent equipment abnormalities and preventive maintenance It becomes possible.
  • this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned Example, Various modifications are included.
  • the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described.
  • a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment.
  • Tank 2 Iron core 3: Inner winding 4: Outer winding 5: Insulating cylinder 6: Ester oil 7: Nitrogen gas 8: Cooler 9a, 9b: Cooling pipe 10a, 10b: Fastening fittings 11, 12, 13 , 14: Insulator 15: Oil introduction part 16a, 16b: Piping 17: Gas component collection container 18: Gas piping 19: Gas analyzer 20: Heater 21a, 21b: Valve 22: Signal line 23: Terminal box 24: Power line 25: Warning signal line 26: Constant monitoring signal line

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Abstract

The present invention facilitates preventive maintenance by efficiently and simply quantifying online a low-molecular-weight and low-boiling-point aldehyde compound generated by heat deterioration of an ester oil which is used as an insulating/cooling medium for an ester oil-filled electric apparatus. The ester oil-filled electric apparatus according to the present invention is configured to include: a tank having an electric device housed therein; an ester oil which serves as an insulating/cooling medium for insulating and cooling the electric device housed in the tank; a collecting pipe which collects the ester oil in the tank; a gas component collecting container that heats the ester oil collected by the collecting pipe so as to vaporize and gasify any low-molecular-weight and low-boiling-point aldehyde compound dissolved in the ester oil; and a gas analyzing device that analyzes the gas of the aldehyde compound collected by the gas component collecting container.

Description

エステル油入り電気機器、エステル油入り変圧器及びエステル油中に含まれるアルデヒド化合物の分析方法Ester oil-containing electrical equipment, ester oil-containing transformer, and analysis method of aldehyde compound contained in ester oil
　本発明は、絶縁・冷却媒体としてエステル油を用いたエステル油入り電気機器、エステル油入り変圧器、及びエステル油入り電気機器に使用されているエステル油中のアルデヒド化合物の測定方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for measuring an aldehyde compound in an ester oil used in an ester oil-containing electrical device, an ester oil-containing transformer, and an ester oil-containing electrical device using ester oil as an insulating / cooling medium.
　従来、絶縁・冷却媒体を使用する電気機器である変圧器の絶縁・冷却媒体には鉱油が広く用いられてきた。近年、環境問題への関心の高まりから、この鉱油に代えて変圧器の絶縁・冷却媒体として生分解性の高い、植物油、あるいは脂肪酸とアルコールから合成した合成エステル油等のエステル油が適用されてきている。 Conventionally, mineral oil has been widely used as an insulation / cooling medium for transformers, which are electrical devices that use an insulation / cooling medium. In recent years, due to the growing interest in environmental problems, high-biodegradable vegetable oils or ester oils such as synthetic ester oils synthesized from fatty acids and alcohols have been applied as insulation and cooling media for transformers instead of this mineral oil. ing.
　鉱油を用いた変圧器では、経年による熱劣化で鉱油が分解することで生成した一酸化炭素、二酸化炭素、水素、およびメタン、エチレン等の低分子量のガスの量、組成を分析することで、鉱油の劣化状態を推定している。しかしながら、絶縁・冷却媒体としてエステル油を用いる場合には、従来の鉱油の場合とは、熱劣化による分解で生成する低分子量のガスの量、組成は異なると考えられる。このため、エステル油を用いた変圧器の診断技術が検討されている。 In transformers using mineral oil, by analyzing the amount and composition of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and low molecular weight gases such as methane and ethylene, which are generated by the decomposition of mineral oil due to thermal degradation over time, Estimates the deterioration of mineral oil. However, when ester oil is used as the insulating / cooling medium, the amount and composition of low molecular weight gas produced by decomposition due to thermal degradation is different from that of conventional mineral oil. For this reason, the diagnostic technique of the transformer using ester oil is examined.
　特開２０１４－２１１３６８号公報には、植物性絶縁油の分解で発生する脂肪酸の濃度を測定することによる、植物性絶縁油の劣化診断方法が開示されている。 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-212368 discloses a method for diagnosing degradation of vegetable insulating oil by measuring the concentration of fatty acid generated by the decomposition of vegetable insulating oil.
特開２０１４－２１１３６８号公報JP 2014-2111368 A
　エステル油が熱劣化すると油中に存在する微量の水により加水分解反応が進行し、エステル油を構成する脂肪酸、およびアルコールが生成すると考えられる。エステル油の劣化で生成する構成脂肪酸類を分析する場合、脂肪酸類は揮発しにくく、エステル油と化学構造が近いことから分離・抽出が難しい。 It is considered that when the ester oil is thermally deteriorated, a hydrolysis reaction proceeds with a small amount of water present in the oil, and fatty acids and alcohol constituting the ester oil are generated. When analyzing constituent fatty acids produced by degradation of ester oils, fatty acids are difficult to volatilize and are difficult to separate and extract due to the close chemical structure of ester oils.
　したがって、絶縁・冷却媒体のエステル油入り電気機器の稼動中にエステル油の熱劣化で生じる分解物の脂肪酸、およびアルコールの成分をオンラインで簡便に分析、定量することは難しく、よってエステル油入り電気機器の予防保全をオンラインで簡便に行うことはで困難であった。 Therefore, it is difficult to easily analyze and quantify the fatty acid and alcohol components of decomposition products generated by thermal degradation of ester oil during operation of the electrical equipment containing ester oil for insulation and cooling medium. It was difficult to carry out preventive maintenance of equipment easily online.
　また、二酸化炭素、水素、低分子量の炭化水素等は絶縁紙からも生成することから、エステル油単独の劣化状態を高精度で診断することは難しいという課題があった。 Also, since carbon dioxide, hydrogen, low molecular weight hydrocarbons and the like are also produced from insulating paper, there is a problem that it is difficult to diagnose the deterioration state of ester oil alone with high accuracy.
　本発明の目的は、エステル油入り電気機器の絶縁・冷却媒体として使用するエステル油に熱劣化によって生成される低分子量で低沸点のアルデヒド化合物を、オンラインで効率良く簡便に定量できるようにして、エステル油を絶縁・冷却媒体に使用する電気機器の予防保全を容易にしたエステル油入り電気機器、エステル油入り変圧器、及びエステル油入り電気機器に使用されているエステル油中のアルデヒド化合物の測定方法を提供することにある。 The purpose of the present invention is to enable low-molecular-weight and low-boiling aldehyde compounds produced by thermal degradation to ester oils used as insulating and cooling media for ester oil-containing electrical equipment, and to quantitate them online efficiently and simply. Measurement of aldehyde compounds in ester oil used in electrical equipment containing ester oil, transformers containing ester oil, and electrical equipment containing ester oil that facilitated preventive maintenance of electrical equipment that uses ester oil as an insulation and cooling medium It is to provide a method.
　本発明のエステル油入り電気機器は、電気装置を内部に収容したタンクと、このタンク内に収容され電気装置を絶縁し冷却する絶縁冷却媒体のエステル油を有するエステル油入り電気機器において、タンク内のエステル油を採取するエステル油の採取配管と、この採取配管で採取されたエステル油を加熱してエステル油中に溶解している低分子量で低沸点のアルデヒド化合物を蒸発気化させるガス成分採取容器と、このガス成分採取容器で採取したアルデヒド化合物のガスを分析するガス分析装置を備えたことを特徴とする。 The electrical equipment containing ester oil of the present invention is an electrical equipment containing ester oil having a tank containing an electrical device inside and an ester oil contained in the tank and insulating cooling medium for insulating and cooling the electrical device. Ester oil collection pipe for collecting ester oil and gas component collection container for evaporating low molecular weight, low boiling point aldehyde compounds dissolved in ester oil by heating the ester oil collected in this collection pipe And a gas analyzer for analyzing the gas of the aldehyde compound collected in the gas component collection container.
　本発明によれば、エステル油入り電気機器の絶縁・冷却媒体として使用されているエステル油の熱劣化により生成する低分子量で低沸点のアルデヒド化合物を、オンラインで効率良く簡便に定量できるようにしてエステル油を絶縁・冷却媒体に使用する電気機器の予防保全を容易にしたエステル油入り電気機器、エステル油入り変圧器、及びエステル油入り電気機器に使用されているエステル油中のアルデヒド化合物の測定方法が実現できる。 According to the present invention, an aldehyde compound having a low molecular weight and a low boiling point produced by thermal degradation of an ester oil used as an insulating / cooling medium for an ester oil-containing electrical device can be quantified efficiently and simply online. Measurement of aldehyde compounds in ester oil used in electrical equipment containing ester oil, transformers containing ester oil, and electrical equipment containing ester oil that facilitated preventive maintenance of electrical equipment that uses ester oil as an insulation and cooling medium A method can be realized.
本発明の一実施例であるエステル油入り変圧器の構成を示す模式図。The schematic diagram which shows the structure of the transformer containing ester oil which is one Example of this invention. エステル油の加熱温度とアルデヒド化合物のイオン強度との関係を示す特性図。The characteristic view which shows the relationship between the heating temperature of ester oil, and the ionic strength of an aldehyde compound. 監視装置のモニター画面の模式図。The schematic diagram of the monitor screen of a monitoring apparatus. 本発明の他の実施例であるエステル油入り変圧器の構成を示す模式図。The schematic diagram which shows the structure of the transformer containing ester oil which is the other Example of this invention. 本発明の他の実施例であるエステル油入り変圧器の構成を示す模式図。The schematic diagram which shows the structure of the transformer containing ester oil which is the other Example of this invention.
　以下にエステル油入り電気機器について図面を用いて説明する。 The electrical equipment containing ester oil will be described below with reference to the drawings.
　エステル油入り電気機器の一例として、実施例１ではエステル油入り変圧器を対象に説明する。 As an example of an electrical apparatus containing ester oil, Example 1 will be described for a transformer containing ester oil.
　図１にエステル油入り変圧器の構成を示す模式図を示す。このエステル油入り変圧器の構成はタンク１と、タンク１の内部に配置された鉄心２と、鉄心２に装着された内側巻線３と外側巻線４と、絶縁筒５とが夫々備えられている。 Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a transformer containing ester oil. This ester oil-containing transformer includes a tank 1, an iron core 2 disposed inside the tank 1, an inner winding 3 and an outer winding 4 mounted on the iron core 2, and an insulating cylinder 5. ing.
　タンク１の内部には、これらの鉄心２と内側巻線３及び外側巻線４とを絶縁し冷却するための絶縁冷却媒体のエステル油６と、このエステル油６の上方に存在する窒素ガス７とが収容されている。 Inside the tank 1, an ester oil 6 as an insulating cooling medium for insulating and cooling the iron core 2, the inner winding 3 and the outer winding 4, and a nitrogen gas 7 existing above the ester oil 6 are provided. And is housed.
　タンク１の外部には、タンク１の内部に収容されている絶縁・冷却媒体のエステル油６を冷却するための冷却器８が設置され、このタンク１と冷却器８とはその上部と下部とに夫々配設された上部の冷却配管９ａ、下部の冷却配管９ｂを通じて接続されている。 A cooler 8 for cooling the ester oil 6 that is an insulating / cooling medium accommodated in the tank 1 is installed outside the tank 1. The tank 1 and the cooler 8 have an upper portion and a lower portion. Are connected through an upper cooling pipe 9a and a lower cooling pipe 9b.
　タンク１の内部に収容されている絶縁・冷却媒体のエステル油６は、下記の（１）式、（２）式、或いは（３）式等の化学構造式で示される、エステル結合を有する化合物である。これらは単独で用いても混合してもよい。また、酸化防止剤、加水分解抑制剤等の添加剤を加えることも可能である。 The ester oil 6 as an insulating / cooling medium accommodated in the tank 1 is a compound having an ester bond represented by the following chemical structural formula (1), (2), or (3). It is. These may be used alone or mixed. It is also possible to add additives such as antioxidants and hydrolysis inhibitors.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000002
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000002
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000003
 　（１）式は植物油の一般的な化学構造式であり、グリセリンと脂肪酸とがエステル結合した化合物である。（２）式は合成エステル油の代表的な化学構造式であり、多価のアルコールと脂肪酸とがエステル結合した化合物である。一例として多価のアルコールがペンタエリスリトールの場合を記載したが、多価のアルコールとしてはトリメチロールプロパン、ネオペンチルグリコール等も用いられる。また、（３）式は一価のアルコールと脂肪酸とがエステル結合した化合物である。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000003
 Formula (1) is a general chemical structural formula of vegetable oil, and is a compound in which glycerin and a fatty acid are ester-bonded. Formula (2) is a typical chemical structural formula of a synthetic ester oil, which is a compound in which a polyhydric alcohol and a fatty acid are ester-bonded. As an example, the case where the polyhydric alcohol is pentaerythritol has been described, but as the polyhydric alcohol, trimethylolpropane, neopentyl glycol, or the like may be used. Formula (3) is a compound in which a monohydric alcohol and a fatty acid are ester-bonded.
　タンク１の内部に収容されている絶縁・冷却媒体のエステル油６は上部の冷却配管９ａを通ってタンク１の内部から冷却器８の内部へ矢印で示すように流れ、冷却器８で冷やされた後に、下部の冷却配管９ｂを通って冷却器８から再びタンク１の内部に送り込まれて、タンク１の内部に備えられた鉄心２、内側巻線３、外側巻線４を冷却して、鉄心２、内側巻線３、外側巻線４から発生するジュール熱を奪うように機能している。 The ester oil 6 as an insulating / cooling medium accommodated in the tank 1 flows from the inside of the tank 1 to the inside of the cooler 8 through the upper cooling pipe 9 a as indicated by the arrow, and is cooled by the cooler 8. After that, it is sent again from the cooler 8 to the inside of the tank 1 through the lower cooling pipe 9b to cool the iron core 2, the inner winding 3 and the outer winding 4 provided in the tank 1, It functions to take away Joule heat generated from the iron core 2, the inner winding 3, and the outer winding 4.
　鉄心２はその上部と下部に夫々取り付けられた上部の締付金具１０ａ、下部の締付金具１０ｂによって締め付けられて保持されている。 The iron core 2 is clamped and held by an upper clamp 10a and a lower clamp 10b attached to the upper and lower portions, respectively.
　内側巻線３と外側巻線４の上部には第一の絶縁物１１、第二の絶縁物１２が夫々設置され、内側巻線３と外側巻線４の下部にも第一の絶縁物１３、第二の絶縁物１４が夫々設置されている。また、鉄心２の中心側には鉄心２を冷却する冷却用の油導入部１５が形成されている。 A first insulator 11 and a second insulator 12 are respectively provided on the inner winding 3 and the outer winding 4, and the first insulator 13 is also provided below the inner winding 3 and the outer winding 4. The second insulators 14 are respectively installed. Further, a cooling oil introducing portion 15 for cooling the iron core 2 is formed on the center side of the iron core 2.
　実施例１のエステル油入り変圧器では、絶縁・冷却媒体のエステル油６の熱劣化により生成する低分子量で低沸点のアルデヒド化合物を、エステル油６を加熱することによってエステル油６の液面上の気相部分に蒸発、気化させてガス成分として分析するために、次の構成からなる分解物分析装置を設けている。 In the transformer containing ester oil of Example 1, the aldehyde compound having a low molecular weight and a low boiling point generated by thermal deterioration of the ester oil 6 as an insulating / cooling medium is heated on the liquid surface of the ester oil 6 by heating the ester oil 6. In order to evaporate and vaporize the gas phase portion and analyze it as a gas component, a decomposition product analyzer having the following configuration is provided.
　即ち、タンク１の下部に配設されてタンク１の内部のエステル油６を採取する配管１６ａと、この配管１６ａに接続して設置されて採取したエステル油６を加熱してガス成分を採取するためのガス成分採取容器１７と、ガス成分採取容器１７に接続して設置されてエステル油６から採取したガス成分をガス成分採取容器１７から導くガス配管１８と、このガス配管１８に接続して設置されて導かれたエステル油６から採取したガス成分を分析するガス分析装置１９とからこの分解物分析装置を構成している。 That is, a pipe 16a that is disposed in the lower part of the tank 1 and collects the ester oil 6 inside the tank 1, and a gas component is collected by heating the ester oil 6 that is installed and connected to the pipe 16a. A gas component collecting container 17 for connecting to the gas component collecting container 17, a gas pipe 18 for guiding the gas component collected from the ester oil 6 from the gas component collecting container 17, and a gas pipe 18 connected thereto. This decomposition product analyzing apparatus is composed of a gas analyzing apparatus 19 for analyzing gas components collected from the ester oil 6 installed and guided.
　また、採取したエステル油６中のアルデヒド化合物を蒸発、気化させるために、ガス成分採取容器１７の外側にはエステル油６を加熱するヒータ２０が設けられている。このガス成分採取容器１７では、ヒータ２０によって内部のエステル油６を加熱して熱劣化により生成した低分子量で低沸点のアルデヒド化合物を蒸発、気化させる加熱温度は約８０度～１５０度、好ましくは約１００度～１３０度に設定されている。 Further, a heater 20 for heating the ester oil 6 is provided outside the gas component collection container 17 in order to evaporate and vaporize the aldehyde compound in the collected ester oil 6. In this gas component collection vessel 17, the heating temperature for evaporating and vaporizing the low molecular weight, low boiling point aldehyde compound generated by thermal degradation by heating the ester oil 6 inside by the heater 20 is about 80 to 150 ° C., preferably It is set to about 100 degrees to 130 degrees.
　図２にエステル油の加熱温度とアルデヒド化合物のイオン強度との関係を示す特性図を示す。図２は、劣化の指標としてアルデヒド化合物を分析するため、エステル油の温度を高くした場合の３量体、４量体、５量体の各成分の蒸発・気化挙動を調べた結果である。観察は発生ガス分析法（ＥＧＡ－ＭＳ：Ｅｖｏｌｖｅｄ　Ｇａｓ　Ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ　－　Ｍａｓｓ　Ｓｐｅｃｔｒｏｍｅｔｒｙ）により行った。 FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the heating temperature of the ester oil and the ionic strength of the aldehyde compound. FIG. 2 shows the results of examining the evaporation / vaporization behavior of each of the trimer, tetramer, and pentamer components when the temperature of the ester oil is increased in order to analyze the aldehyde compound as an indicator of deterioration. The observation was performed by an evolved gas analysis method (EGA-MS: Evolved Gas Analysis-Mass Spectrometry).
　測定感度を上げるため、試料はエステル油の熱劣化品ではなく、エステル油にアルデヒド化合物としてヘキサナールを添加したものを用いた。試料をセルに入れた後Ｈｅ雰囲気で安定させて、昇温速度１０度／ｍｉｎで５０度から試料を昇温加熱し、２００度まで連続的に発生したガスを質量分析装置（ｍａｓｓ　ｓｐｅｃｔｒｏｍｅｔｅｒ）に導入した。 In order to increase the measurement sensitivity, the sample was not a heat-degraded product of ester oil, but was prepared by adding hexanal as an aldehyde compound to ester oil. After the sample is placed in the cell, it is stabilized in a He atmosphere, and the sample is heated from 50 ° C. at a rate of temperature increase of 10 ° / min. The gas continuously generated up to 200 ° C. is sent to a mass spectrometer. Introduced.
　ヘキサナールに対応する特徴イオンとして、Ｍ／Ｚ値が１００のものを選択して、各イオン強度と、その全イオン流（Ｔｏｔａｌ　Ｉｏｎ　Ｃｕｒｒｅｎｔ）を測定した。５０～２００度までＨｅ雰囲気下でエステル油を加熱し、Ｍ／Ｚ値１００を一点鎖線で表示した結果を図２に示す。 As the characteristic ions corresponding to hexanal, those having an M / Z value of 100 were selected, and each ion intensity and its total ion current (Total Ion Current) were measured. FIG. 2 shows the result of heating the ester oil in a He atmosphere up to 50 to 200 ° C. and displaying the M / Z value 100 with a one-dot chain line.
　ヘキサナールは、８０～９０度程度で蒸発・気化が始まり、１５０度程度で全てのアルデヒド化合物が放出された。従って、加熱温度は８０度～１５０度程度とすることができる。また、１００度～１３０度に加熱することにより観察時間を短縮でき、効率よく測定を行うことが可能である。 Hexanal began to evaporate and vaporize at about 80 to 90 degrees, and all aldehyde compounds were released at about 150 degrees. Therefore, the heating temperature can be about 80 to 150 degrees. In addition, the observation time can be shortened by heating to 100 to 130 degrees, and the measurement can be performed efficiently.
　図１に示したエステル油入り変圧器のガス成分採取容器１７では、ヒータ２０によってガス成分採取容器１７の内部に収容した所定量のエステル油６を加熱することにより、エステル油６の熱劣化で生成した低分子量で低沸点のアルデヒド化合物をガス成分採取容器１７の内部のエステル油面上の気相部分に蒸発、気化させてガス成分を形成させる。 In the gas component collecting container 17 of the transformer containing ester oil shown in FIG. 1, by heating a predetermined amount of the ester oil 6 accommodated in the gas component collecting container 17 by the heater 20, The generated low molecular weight and low boiling point aldehyde compound is evaporated and vaporized in the gas phase portion on the ester oil surface inside the gas component collecting vessel 17 to form a gas component.
　所定量のエステル油を採取する手段としては、例えば、バルブ２１ａを一定時間開けることでほぼ一定量のエステル油を採取し、採取したエステル油の重量を測定する手段を設けておくことが挙げられる。 As a means for collecting a predetermined amount of ester oil, for example, there is provided a means for collecting a substantially constant amount of ester oil by opening the valve 21a for a predetermined time and measuring the weight of the collected ester oil. .
　加熱によってガス成分採取容器１７の内部の気相部分に蒸発、気化した、エステル油６の熱劣化で生成したアルデヒド化合物のガス成分はガス配管１８を通じてガス分析装置１９に送られ、このガス分析装置１９によって熱劣化で生成した低分子量で低沸点のアルデヒド化合物のガス成分をエステル油入り変圧器の稼動中にオンラインで分析、定量する。 The gas component of the aldehyde compound generated by the thermal deterioration of the ester oil 6 evaporated and vaporized in the gas phase portion inside the gas component collection container 17 by heating is sent to the gas analyzer 19 through the gas pipe 18, and this gas analyzer The gas component of the aldehyde compound having a low molecular weight and a low boiling point generated by thermal degradation by 19 is analyzed and quantified online while the transformer containing ester oil is in operation.
　ガス成分採取容器から、ガス分析装置にアルデヒド化合物を取り出す手段としては、例えば、窒素、ヘリウム、アルゴン等の不活性ガスを流すことが挙げられる。また、ガス成分採取容器１７の内部にヒータで加熱できるようにした吸着剤を設置し、気相部分に蒸発、気化したアルデヒド化合物のガス成分をいったん吸着させた後、吸着剤を加熱して気化したアルデヒド化合物のガス成分を不活性ガスによってガス分析装置に導入することでも、効率良くアルデヒド化合物を取り出すことが可能である。 Examples of the means for taking out the aldehyde compound from the gas component collection container into the gas analyzer include flowing an inert gas such as nitrogen, helium, or argon. In addition, an adsorbent that can be heated by a heater is installed inside the gas component collection container 17, and after the gas component of the aldehyde compound evaporated and vaporized is once adsorbed in the gas phase portion, the adsorbent is heated and vaporized. The aldehyde compound can also be efficiently taken out by introducing the gas component of the aldehyde compound into the gas analyzer using an inert gas.
　また、予めアルデヒド化合物とエステル油の引火点、粘度等の劣化状態の特性を関連付けておくことにより、ガス分析装置より得られる結果に基づく劣化の診断が可能である。例えば、ガス分析結果より得られた分析値や、算出されるアルデヒド化合物の量が所定値以上になった場合に、エステル油が劣化したと判定する。その診断を行う判定装置は、例えば、ガス分析装置の測定結果を信号線により監視装置や記憶部に送信し、ガス分析結果より得られたアルデヒド化合物の量を監視する構成とすることができる。 Also, it is possible to diagnose deterioration based on the results obtained from the gas analyzer by associating the characteristics of the deterioration state such as the flash point and viscosity of the aldehyde compound and ester oil in advance. For example, it is determined that the ester oil has deteriorated when the analytical value obtained from the gas analysis result or the calculated amount of the aldehyde compound is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. The determination device that performs the diagnosis can be configured, for example, to transmit the measurement result of the gas analyzer to a monitoring device or a storage unit through a signal line and monitor the amount of the aldehyde compound obtained from the gas analysis result.
　図３に監視装置のモニター画面の模式図を示す。図３には運転時間に対してガス分析装置より得られるアルデヒド化合物量をプロットしたものと、エステル油の劣化を判定するために予め適宜設定されたアルデヒド化合物量の所定値（破線）とが示されている。エステル油の劣化が進行していない時には、アルデヒド化合物量が破線で示す値以下であり、モニター画面を確認することで容易にエステル油の劣化を判定することができる。 Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the monitor screen of the monitoring device. FIG. 3 shows a plot of the amount of aldehyde compound obtained from the gas analyzer with respect to the operating time, and a predetermined value (dashed line) of the amount of aldehyde compound set in advance in order to determine the deterioration of the ester oil. Has been. When the deterioration of the ester oil is not progressing, the amount of the aldehyde compound is not more than the value indicated by the broken line, and the deterioration of the ester oil can be easily determined by checking the monitor screen.
　エステル油が劣化していると判定された場合、機器の運転停止や、日常の点検項目において機器の異常の有無を確認したり、エステル油を採取してさらに状態を詳細に分析する。また、劣化の度合いに応じて、定期点検時等機器を停止した際に、エステル油の一部、または全部を交換することで変圧器の故障を未然に防ぐことが可能となる。 If it is determined that the ester oil has deteriorated, stop the operation of the equipment, check for equipment abnormalities in daily inspection items, collect the ester oil, and further analyze the condition. In addition, when the equipment is stopped, such as during periodic inspection, depending on the degree of deterioration, it is possible to prevent a transformer from being broken by replacing part or all of the ester oil.
　また、劣化が診断された際に、エステル油の劣化を周知する手段を設けることにより、管理を容易にすることが可能である。例えば、アルデヒド化合物量が予め設定した所定値を超えた場合、エステル油が劣化したと判断しアラームを発する警報装置等を備えてもよい。 Moreover, when deterioration is diagnosed, management can be facilitated by providing means for notifying deterioration of ester oil. For example, when the amount of the aldehyde compound exceeds a predetermined value set in advance, an alarm device or the like that issues an alarm by determining that the ester oil has deteriorated may be provided.
　電気機器のエステル油の劣化の確認の頻度は、週に一度、月に一度等である。従って上記劣化の判定を所定期間ごとに開始する制御装置を設けることができる。制御装置は、ポンプを所定の周期で作動させてタンク内のエステル油をガス成分採取容器に取りこむとともに、エステル油の加熱を開始し、かつガス分析装置を作動させる。 確認 The frequency of confirmation of deterioration of ester oil in electrical equipment is once a week, once a month, etc. Therefore, it is possible to provide a control device that starts the determination of the deterioration every predetermined period. The control device operates the pump at a predetermined cycle to take the ester oil in the tank into the gas component collection container, starts heating the ester oil, and operates the gas analyzer.
　まず、バルブを開放し、タンクと接続された採取配管からエステル油を採取し、バルブを閉めた後にヒータを作動して、ガス成分採取容器に一定量採取されたエステル油を加熱し、アルデヒド化合物を採取する。アルデヒド化合物量を分析後、ヒータを停止し、分析装置等に残留する成分を浄化する。エステル油は分解物が少ないものとなっているため、系外に排出せず、タンク内に戻してもよい。また、測定されるエステル油の量は少量（例：５０ｍｌ）であるため、廃棄することにしてもよい。 First, the valve is opened, the ester oil is collected from the collection pipe connected to the tank, the valve is closed, the heater is operated, and a certain amount of the ester oil collected in the gas component collection container is heated to obtain the aldehyde compound. Collect. After analyzing the amount of aldehyde compound, the heater is stopped and components remaining in the analyzer are purified. Since ester oil has few decomposition products, it may be returned to the tank without being discharged out of the system. Further, since the amount of ester oil to be measured is small (eg, 50 ml), it may be discarded.
　また、一台のガス分析装置、判定装置により、複数台の変圧器等の電気機器を監視することも可能である。上述の通り劣化の確認の頻度は、週に一度や月に一度等であるため、一の分析装置に対し、数台の電気機器と、配管の切替装置を有する、電気機器システムとしてもよい。複数台の電気機器より、それぞれのエステル油を採取し、各電気機器のエステル油の劣化の状態を把握することができる。 It is also possible to monitor a plurality of electrical devices such as transformers with a single gas analyzer and determination device. As described above, since the frequency of confirmation of deterioration is once a week or once a month, an electrical device system having several electrical devices and a pipe switching device for one analyzer may be used. It is possible to collect each ester oil from a plurality of electric devices and grasp the state of deterioration of the ester oil of each electric device.
　一度の判定に使用するエステル油は、例えば１～５ｍｌ程度でよい。エステル油が多いと得られるガスの定量が容易であり、少ないとエステル油の加熱が容易となる。判定後の成分採取容器に残留したエステル油は引火点を下げる低分子量の化合物を有していないので、タンクに戻して再利用することができる。その際、エステル油をタンクに戻す戻り配管と、その配管中にエステル油を環流させるポンプを設けることが好ましい。ポンプは、上述の制御装置により併せて制御させることができる。なお、劣化を判定した後のエステル油は、廃棄し、必要に応じて補充する構成としてもよい。 For example, the ester oil used for one determination may be about 1 to 5 ml. When the amount of ester oil is large, the amount of gas obtained can be easily determined, and when the amount is small, heating of the ester oil becomes easy. Since the ester oil remaining in the component collection container after the determination does not have a low molecular weight compound that lowers the flash point, it can be returned to the tank and reused. At that time, it is preferable to provide a return pipe for returning the ester oil to the tank, and a pump for circulating the ester oil in the pipe. The pump can be controlled together by the control device described above. In addition, it is good also as a structure which discards the ester oil after determining deterioration and replenishes as needed.
　上記した構成のエステル油入り変圧器によれば、変圧器の運転中にタンク１の内部に収容されている絶縁・冷却媒体のエステル油６の熱劣化によって生成してエステル油６中に溶解しているアルデヒド化合物を、エステル油６を加熱することによってエステル油６の液面上の気相部分に蒸発、気化させてガスとして分析するようにしたことから、エステル油６の熱劣化によって生成するアルデヒド化合物はオンラインで効率良く、簡便に定量できるので、エステル油入り変圧器の予防保全を容易に図ることができる。 According to the transformer with ester oil having the above-described configuration, it is generated by thermal deterioration of the ester oil 6 as an insulating / cooling medium accommodated in the tank 1 during operation of the transformer, and is dissolved in the ester oil 6. Since the aldehyde compound is evaporated and vaporized in the gas phase portion on the liquid surface of the ester oil 6 by heating the ester oil 6 and analyzed as a gas, it is generated by thermal degradation of the ester oil 6. Since the aldehyde compound can be quantified online efficiently and simply, preventive maintenance of the transformer containing ester oil can be easily achieved.
　なお、実施例１のエステル油６には鉱油入り変圧器で用いられている帯電防止剤等の添加剤を加えるようにしても良い。 In addition, you may make it add additives, such as an antistatic agent currently used with the transformer containing mineral oil, to the ester oil 6 of Example 1. FIG.
　本実施例によれば、エステル油入り電気機器の絶縁・冷却媒体として使用されているエステル油の熱劣化により生成する低分子量で低沸点のアルデヒド化合物を、オンラインで効率良く簡便に定量できるようにしてエステル油を絶縁・冷却媒体に使用する電気機器の予防保全を容易に可能にしたエステル油入り電気機器、エステル油入り変圧器、及びエステル油入り電気機器に使用されているエステル油中のアルデヒド化合物の測定方法が実現できる。 According to this example, an aldehyde compound having a low molecular weight and a low boiling point produced by thermal degradation of ester oil used as an insulating / cooling medium for ester oil-containing electrical equipment can be quantified on-line efficiently and simply. Aldehydes in ester oils used in electrical equipment containing ester oil, transformers containing ester oil, and electrical equipment containing ester oil, which facilitated preventive maintenance of electrical equipment that uses ester oil as an insulation and cooling medium A method for measuring a compound can be realized.
　次に図４を用いて他の実施例であるエステル油入り変圧器の構成を説明する。図４に示したエステル油入り変圧器の変圧器では、ガス成分採取容器１７が冷却器８の下部に設置された冷却配管９ｂと連通した配管１６ａを介して配設されている構成となっている。このエステル油６を採取する配管１６ａを、タンク１に直接連通させずに冷却配管９ｂに連通するように設置させているので、配管１６ａの配設をより簡便に行うことができる。 Next, the configuration of an ester oil-containing transformer according to another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the transformer of the ester oil-containing transformer shown in FIG. 4, the gas component collection container 17 is arranged through a pipe 16 a communicating with a cooling pipe 9 b installed at the lower part of the cooler 8. Yes. Since the piping 16a for collecting the ester oil 6 is installed so as to communicate with the cooling piping 9b without directly communicating with the tank 1, the piping 16a can be arranged more simply.
　図４に示したエステル油入り変圧器の構成は、図１に示した先の実施例１のエステル油入り変圧器と基本的な構成は同一なので、両者に共通する構成の説明は省略する。また、図４におけるエステル油入り変圧器を運転中に絶縁・冷却媒体のエステル油６の熱劣化により生成する低分子量で低沸点のアルデヒド化合物をオンラインで分析、定量するやり方も図１に示した先の実施例１と同じなのでここでの説明は省略する。 The basic configuration of the ester oil-containing transformer shown in FIG. 4 is the same as that of the first embodiment of the transformer containing the ester oil shown in FIG. Also shown in FIG. 1 is a method for on-line analysis and quantification of low molecular weight, low boiling point aldehyde compounds produced by thermal degradation of the ester oil 6 as an insulating and cooling medium during operation of the transformer containing ester oil in FIG. Since it is the same as the first embodiment, the description here is omitted.
　上記した本実施例によっても、図１に記載した先の実施例と同様にエステル油入り電気機器の絶縁・冷却媒体として使用されているエステル油の熱劣化により生成する低分子量で低沸点のアルデヒド化合物を、オンラインで効率良く簡便に定量できるようにしてエステル油を絶縁・冷却媒体に使用する電気機器の予防保全を容易に可能にしたエステル油入り電気機器、エステル油入り変圧器、及びエステル油入り電気機器に使用されているエステル油中のアルデヒド化合物の測定方法が実現できる。 According to the above-described embodiment, as in the previous embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the low molecular weight, low boiling point aldehyde generated by thermal degradation of the ester oil used as an insulating / cooling medium for the electrical equipment containing the ester oil. Ester oil-containing electrical equipment, ester oil-containing transformers, and ester oils that enable easy and efficient quantitative and online determination of compounds and facilitate the preventive maintenance of electrical equipment that uses ester oil as an insulation and cooling medium The measuring method of the aldehyde compound in the ester oil currently used for the entering electric equipment is realizable.
　図５に別のエステル油入り電気機器の例を示す。本例はエステル油を分析装置内に循環させる例である。実施例３では、エステル油の採取口をタンク１本体から配管１６ｂにより取り込み、放出口を冷却器の下部の冷却配管９ｂとした。循環のためのポンプは省略した。バルブ２１ａ、バルブ２１ｂを開放して分析装置の配管中にエステル油を循環させ、充分に内部のエステル油が測定時のものに入れ替わった時点でバルブを閉め、ガス成分採取容器１７内の所定量のエステル油を加熱してアルデヒド化合物量を測定する。測定後のエステル油は、アルデヒド化合物が減少したのみであるため、バルブを開放しタンクに戻すことができる。 Fig. 5 shows another example of electrical equipment containing ester oil. In this example, ester oil is circulated in the analyzer. In Example 3, the ester oil collection port was taken in from the tank 1 main body through the pipe 16b, and the discharge port was used as the cooling pipe 9b in the lower part of the cooler. The pump for circulation was omitted. Open the valve 21a and valve 21b to circulate the ester oil in the piping of the analyzer, and close the valve when the internal ester oil is sufficiently replaced with the one at the time of measurement. The ester oil is heated to measure the amount of aldehyde compound. Since the ester oil after the measurement has only decreased the aldehyde compound, the valve can be opened and returned to the tank.
　なお、下部の冷却配管９ｂよりエステル油を採取してもかまわないが、分析時の加熱を軽減でするため、下部の冷却配管９ａ、あるいはタンク本体の上部から採取するのが効率的である。また、冷却配管はエステル油の流速が早いため、放出口を配管とすることにより循環が生じ、ポンプの一部を省略できて好ましい。 It should be noted that the ester oil may be collected from the lower cooling pipe 9b, but it is efficient to collect from the lower cooling pipe 9a or the upper part of the tank body in order to reduce heating during analysis. Further, since the cooling pipe has a high flow rate of ester oil, it is preferable to use a pipe as a discharge port to circulate and to omit a part of the pump.
　さらに、実施例３では、診断結果を知らせる機能を付した。ガス分析装置の測定結果は、電源線２４を備え、信号線２２により端子箱２３を介して、警報信号線２５、常時監視信号線２６により、警報装置、監視装置や記憶部に送信される。管理者は、エステル油の劣化状態を確認し、機器の管理を行うことができる。例えば、アルデヒド化合物の放出量が予め設定した所定値を超えた場合、エステル油が劣化したと判断し警報を発する警報装置等を備えてもよい。設定値は、劣化させたエステル油より得られる測定値と、体積抵抗率等のエステル油の特性を調べて設定する。 Furthermore, in Example 3, a function for notifying the diagnosis result was added. The measurement result of the gas analyzer is provided with a power line 24, and is transmitted to the alarm device, the monitoring device, and the storage unit through the signal line 22 through the terminal box 23, the alarm signal line 25, and the constant monitoring signal line 26. The administrator can check the deterioration state of the ester oil and manage the equipment. For example, when the amount of aldehyde compound released exceeds a predetermined value, an alarm device that determines that the ester oil has deteriorated and issues an alarm may be provided. The set value is set by examining the measured value obtained from the deteriorated ester oil and the characteristics of the ester oil such as volume resistivity.
　なお、バルブや警報装置は適宜公知のものを採用可能であるが、電源停止時にバルブが開放され、警報がＯＮとなるものが好ましい。 In addition, although a well-known thing can be employ | adopted suitably for a valve | bulb and an alarm device, the valve | bulb is open | released at the time of a power supply stop, and the alarm | alarm is turned on.
　次に、ガス分析装置を備えたエステル油入り電気機器の運転パターンの一例について説明する。ガス分析装置による診断は、週に一度や月に一度などの設定された頻度や、または常時繰り返して行うことができる。以下、周期ごとに行う制御装置を用いた診断の例を説明する。ガス分析装置の運転は、主として測定準備、測定、清掃、定常状態の４段階に分けられる。 Next, an example of the operation pattern of the ester oil-containing electrical device equipped with the gas analyzer will be described. Diagnosis by the gas analyzer can be performed at a set frequency such as once a week or once a month, or at all times. Hereinafter, an example of diagnosis using a control device performed for each cycle will be described. The operation of the gas analyzer is mainly divided into four stages: measurement preparation, measurement, cleaning, and steady state.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000004
　なお、上記の表１の各段階に必要な時間は、配管の構成、エステル油の検査の頻度や、エステル油の使用期間等により適宜調整することができる。また、一定期間経過ごとに測定を行う場合には、複数台の電気機器と一台の分析装置を配管で接続することにより、配管の流路を切り替えて各電気機器の監視を行うことも可能である。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000004
In addition, the time required for each step of the above-mentioned Table 1 can be appropriately adjusted depending on the configuration of the piping, the frequency of the ester oil inspection, the period of use of the ester oil, and the like. In addition, when measuring every certain period of time, it is possible to monitor each electrical device by switching the flow path of the piping by connecting multiple electrical devices and one analyzer with piping. It is.
　測定準備段階では、ポンプ、バルブを開放し、タンクと接続された採取配管や、エステル油を採取するガス成分採取容器中のエステル油を循環させる。測定段階では、ポンプ、バルブを閉め、ヒータを作動して、ガス成分採取容器に一定量採取されたエステル油を加熱し、アルデヒド化合物を採取する。清掃段階では、ヒータを停止し、分析装置等に残留する成分や、エステル油を浄化・除去する。診断後のエステル油はアルデヒド化合物等が除去され、分解物が少ないものとなっているため、系外に排出せず、タンク内に戻してもよい。また、測定されるエステル油の量は少量（1～５０ｍｌ程度）であるため、廃棄することにしてもよい。 In the measurement preparation stage, the pump and valve are opened, and the ester oil in the sampling pipe connected to the tank and the gas component collection container for collecting the ester oil is circulated. In the measurement stage, the pump and valve are closed, the heater is operated, the ester oil collected in a certain amount in the gas component collection container is heated, and the aldehyde compound is collected. At the cleaning stage, the heater is stopped to purify and remove the components remaining in the analyzer and the ester oil. The diagnosed ester oil is free from aldehyde compounds and the like, and has only a small amount of decomposition products, so it may be returned to the tank without being discharged out of the system. Further, since the amount of ester oil to be measured is small (about 1 to 50 ml), it may be discarded.
　測定時に検知された情報に基づき、管理者にエステル油の劣化を知らせる手段や、エステル油入り電気機器の運転を停止する手段の制御を行い、効率よく機器の異常を防止し、予防保全を図ることが可能となる。 Based on the information detected at the time of measurement, control the means to notify the manager of the deterioration of the ester oil and the means to stop the operation of the electrical equipment containing the ester oil, efficiently prevent equipment abnormalities and preventive maintenance It becomes possible.
　なお、本発明は上記した実施例に限定されるものではなく、様々な変形例が含まれる。例えば、上記した実施例は本発明を分かりやすく説明するために詳細に説明したものであり、必ずしも説明した全ての構成を備えるものに限定されるものではない。また、ある実施例の構成の一部を他の実施例の構成に置き換えることが可能であり、また、ある実施例の構成に他の実施例の構成を加えることも可能である。また、各実施例の構成の一部について、他の構成の追加・削除・置換をすることが可能である。 In addition, this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned Example, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.
　１：タンク
　２：鉄心
　３：内側巻線
　４：外側巻線
　５：絶縁筒
　６：エステル油
　７：窒素ガス
　８：冷却器
　９ａ、９ｂ：冷却配管
　１０ａ、１０ｂ：締付金具
　１１、１２、１３、１４：絶縁物
　１５：油導入部
　１６ａ、１６ｂ：配管
　１７：ガス成分採取容器
　１８：ガス配管
　１９：ガス分析装置
　２０：ヒータ
　２１ａ、２１ｂ：バルブ
　２２：信号線
　２３：端子箱
　２４：電源線
　２５：警報信号線
　２６：常時監視信号線 1: Tank 2: Iron core 3: Inner winding 4: Outer winding 5: Insulating cylinder 6: Ester oil 7: Nitrogen gas 8: Cooler 9a, 9b: Cooling pipe 10a, 10b: Fastening fittings 11, 12, 13 , 14: Insulator 15: Oil introduction part 16a, 16b: Piping 17: Gas component collection container 18: Gas piping 19: Gas analyzer 20: Heater 21a, 21b: Valve 22: Signal line 23: Terminal box 24: Power line 25: Warning signal line 26: Constant monitoring signal line

Claims (15)

  1. 　電気装置を内部に収容したタンクと、
    　前記タンク内に収容された電気装置を絶縁し冷却するエステル油を有するエステル油入り電気機器において、
    　前記エステル油を採取する採取配管と、
    　前記採取配管で採取されたエステル油を加熱し、エステル油中に含有されるアルデヒド化合物を蒸発気化させるガス成分採取容器と、
    　前記ガス成分採取容器で採取されたアルデヒド化合物を分析するガス分析装置を備えたエステル油入り電気機器。     A tank containing an electrical device inside;
    In the electrical equipment with ester oil having ester oil for insulating and cooling the electrical device housed in the tank,
    A sampling pipe for collecting the ester oil;
    A gas component collection container for heating the ester oil collected in the sampling pipe and evaporating and evaporating an aldehyde compound contained in the ester oil;
    An ester oil-containing electrical device provided with a gas analyzer for analyzing an aldehyde compound collected in the gas component collection container.
  2. 　請求項１に記載されたエステル油入り電気機器において、
    　前記ガス分析装置より得られた情報に基づきエステル油の劣化度を判定する判定装置を備えたことを特徴とするエステル油入り電気機器。     In the electrical equipment containing ester oil according to claim 1,
    An electrical apparatus containing ester oil, comprising: a determination device that determines the degree of deterioration of ester oil based on information obtained from the gas analyzer.
  3. 　請求項２に記載されたエステル油入り電気機器において、
    　前記判定装置の情報に基づき、エステル油の劣化を周知する警報装置を有することを特徴とするエステル油入り電気機器。     In the electrical equipment containing ester oil according to claim 2,
    An electrical apparatus containing ester oil, comprising an alarm device for notifying deterioration of ester oil based on information of the determination device.
  4. 　請求項１に記載されたエステル油入り電気機器において、
    　前記電気装置は鉄心と巻き線を有することを特徴とするエステル油入り電気機器。     In the electrical equipment containing ester oil according to claim 1,
    The electrical device includes an iron core and a winding, and an electrical apparatus containing ester oil.
  5. 　請求項１に記載されたエステル油入り電気機器において、
    　前記エステル油入り電気機器は変圧器、リアクトル、電圧調整器、コンデンサ、抵抗器のいずれかであることを特徴とするエステル油入り電気機器。     In the electrical equipment containing ester oil according to claim 1,
    The electrical equipment containing ester oil is any one of a transformer, a reactor, a voltage regulator, a capacitor, and a resistor.
  6. 　請求項１に記載されたエステル油入り電気機器において、
    　前記ガス成分採取容器は所定量のエステル油を採取する機能を有することを特徴とするエステル油入り電気機器。     In the electrical equipment containing ester oil according to claim 1,
    The gas component collecting container has a function of collecting a predetermined amount of ester oil.
  7. 　請求項１に記載されたエステル油入り電気機器において、
    　前記成分採取容器に残留したエステル油を前記タンクに戻す戻り配管と、前記戻り配管にエステル油を環流させるポンプとを有することを特徴とするエステル油入り電気機器。     In the electrical equipment containing ester oil according to claim 1,
    An electrical apparatus containing ester oil, comprising: a return pipe for returning the ester oil remaining in the component collection container to the tank; and a pump for circulating the ester oil through the return pipe.
  8. 　請求項７に記載されたエステル油入り電気機器において、
    　前記ポンプを所定の周期で作動または停止させる制御装置を有し、前記制御装置は前記ポンプの停止時に前記ガス成分採取容器を加熱し、かつ前記ガス分析装置でガスを分析させる機能を有することを特徴とするエステル油入り電気機器。     In the electrical equipment containing ester oil according to claim 7,
    A control device that operates or stops the pump at a predetermined cycle, and the control device has a function of heating the gas component collection container when the pump is stopped and analyzing the gas by the gas analyzer. Ester oil-containing electrical equipment.
  9. 　請求項１に記載されたエステル油入り電気機器において、
    　前記ガス成分採取容器は、前記エステル油を８０～１５０度で加熱する機能を有することを特徴とするエステル油入り電気機器。     In the electrical equipment containing ester oil according to claim 1,
    The gas component collecting container has a function of heating the ester oil at 80 to 150 degrees C.
  10. 　請求項１に記載されたエステル油入り電気機器において、
    　前記タンク内のエステル油を冷却する冷却器と、前記タンクと冷却器との間に配設されたエステル油を循環させる冷却配管とを有し、前記冷却配管に連通されたエステル油の採取配管を有することを特徴とするエステル油入り電気機器。     In the electrical equipment containing ester oil according to claim 1,
    A cooling pipe for cooling the ester oil in the tank, and a cooling pipe for circulating the ester oil disposed between the tank and the cooler, and a pipe for collecting the ester oil communicated with the cooling pipe An electrical apparatus containing ester oil, characterized by comprising:
  11. 　請求項１に記載されたエステル油入り電気機器において、
    　前記エステル油は植物油、あるいは合成エステル油であることを特徴とするエステル油入り電気機器。     In the electrical equipment containing ester oil according to claim 1,
    The ester oil is a vegetable oil or a synthetic ester oil.
  12. 　鉄心と前記鉄心に装着された巻線とを内部に収容したタンクと、
    　前記鉄心及び巻線を絶縁し冷却する前記タンクに満たされたエステル油とを有するエステル油入り変圧器において、
    　前記エステル油を採取する採取配管と、
    　前記採取配管で採取されたエステル油を加熱し、前記エステル油中のアルデヒド化合物を気化させるガス成分採取容器と、
    　前記ガス成分採取容器で採取したアルデヒド化合物を分析するガス分析装置を備えたことを特徴とするエステル油入り変圧器。     A tank containing therein an iron core and a winding attached to the iron core;
    In an ester oil-filled transformer having an ester oil filled in the tank for insulating and cooling the iron core and the winding,
    A sampling pipe for collecting the ester oil;
    A gas component collection container for heating the ester oil collected by the collection pipe and evaporating the aldehyde compound in the ester oil;
    An ester oil-containing transformer comprising a gas analyzer for analyzing an aldehyde compound collected in the gas component collection container.
  13. 　請求項１２に記載したエステル油入り変圧器において、
    　前記採取配管は前記タンクに直接接続されて配設されていることを特徴とするエステル油入り変圧器。     In the transformer containing ester oil according to claim 12,
    The said sampling piping is directly connected to the said tank, and is arrange | positioned, The transformer containing ester oil characterized by the above-mentioned.
  14. 　請求項１２に記載したエステル油入り変圧器において、
    　前記エステル油を冷却する冷却器と、前記タンクと前記冷却器との間に配設され、エステル油を循環させる冷却配管と、前記冷却配管に連通するよう配設されている採取配管とを有することを特徴とするエステル油入り変圧器。     In the transformer containing ester oil according to claim 12,
    A cooler for cooling the ester oil; a cooling pipe disposed between the tank and the cooler for circulating the ester oil; and a sampling pipe arranged to communicate with the cooling pipe. This is a transformer with ester oil.
  15. 　エステル油中に含まれるアルデヒド化合物の分析方法であって、
    　前記エステル油を加熱して前記アルデヒド化合物を気化し、
    　前記気化されたアルデヒド化合物を分析することを特徴とするエステル油中のアルデヒド化合物の分析方法。     An analysis method for an aldehyde compound contained in an ester oil,
    Heating the ester oil to vaporize the aldehyde compound;
    A method for analyzing an aldehyde compound in an ester oil, comprising analyzing the vaporized aldehyde compound.
PCT/JP2017/027610 2016-10-13 2017-07-31 Ester oil-filled electric apparatus, ester oil-filled transformer, and method for analyzing aldehyde compound contained in ester oil WO2018070091A1 (en)

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