WO2018066939A1

WO2018066939A1 - Bipolar electrode assembly that is capable of quantitative measurements by visualising electric current, and electrochemical cell and electrochemical cell management system using same

Info

Publication number: WO2018066939A1
Application number: PCT/KR2017/011001
Authority: WO
Inventors: 호 송마이클; 영 송마이클
Original assignee: 호 송마이클; 영 송마이클
Priority date: 2016-03-11
Filing date: 2017-10-02
Publication date: 2018-04-12
Also published as: KR20170106253A; KR101782638B1; KR20170106166A; KR101782637B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a bipolar electrode assembly that visualises the electric current flowing inside a bipolar electrode so as to allow quantitative measurements, an electrochemical cell and an electrochemical cell management system using the same; and is composed of an electrochemical cell using a bipolar electrode assembly comprising: adjacent electrodes that are not connected to an external power source; a non-conductive film that is inserted between the electrodes so as to shield the electrodes from one another; and an ammeter that connects the electrodes shielded by the non-conductive film, or an electrode connection circuit having an electric current sensor. According to the present invention, using electric current information that visualises the electric current flowing inside the bipolar electrode, the rate of generation of electrolysis by-products, the electrode current density, the accumulated production volume of electrolysis by-products, and the like can be monitored in real-time; an electric current, a cell voltage and an electrode current density can be measured in real-time using the bipolar electrode that visualises an electric current; and thereby real-time power efficiency information of the electrochemical cell facility is made available.

Description

Bipolar electrode assembly capable of quantitative measurement by visualizing current, electrochemical cell and electrochemical cell management system using the same

The present invention relates to a bipolar electrode assembly, an electrochemical cell and an electrochemical cell management system using the same, which visualize the current flowing through the bipolar electrode to enable quantitative measurement. It is to maximize the efficiency of the electrochemical cell by visualizing through the current sensor to enable quantitative measurement.

The design of an electrolyzer for producing hydrogen through electrolysis of water is divided into two types: a method using a unipolar electrode and a method using a bipolar electrode.

First, an electrolytic cell composed of a monopolar electrode is also referred to as a tank type electrolytic cell in which an anode electrode and a cathode electrode are alternately arranged in the electrolytic cell. In a bipolar electrolyzer, a metal plate (bipolar electrode) that is not physically connected to a power source electrically connects the cell to the cell.

In the electrolytic cell composed of the single electrode, the voltage applied to the entire electrolytic cell is equal to the voltage applied to each cell. In addition, the monopolar electrode electrolyzer has the advantage of easy manufacturing and maintenance of the electrolytic device due to the simple arrangement of the electrode, but it is pointed out that the low ohmic voltage is required during operation, resulting in large ohmic losses.

An electrolytic cell composed of a bipolar electrode has a single or multiple electrode which is not connected to a power source between a positive electrode and a negative electrode connected to a power source, and metal electrodes not connected to the power source are formed by a positive electrode and a negative electrode connected to a power source. The electric field induces internal electron distribution such that both sides of the electrode have positive and negative dipoles, resulting in different electrochemical reactions of redox on both sides of the electrode.

In the electrolytic cell composed of the bipolar electrode, the total voltage applied to the entire electrolytic cell is the sum of the unit cell voltages. Such electrode arrangements allow the electrochemical cell to be modularized, which has the advantage of operating at higher voltages and lower currents than in monopolar designs. Such a bipolar electrode electrolyzer has a problem in that the design is complicated and the risk of leakage of the electrolyte is great, with the problem of sealing between unit cells, compared to the monopolar electrode electrolyzer, but it is nevertheless preferred in the industry for its high power efficiency.

The principle of operation of a bipolar electrolyzer is explained by electric field theory and electrochemistry theory. According to the electric field theory, an electric field line having a property of a vector is formed from the surface of the anode electrode to the surface. Is generated perpendicular to and the electric field line density is related to the strength of the electric field. Free electrons in a conductor exposed to an electric field easily move along the applied electric field. As a result, the conductor exposed to the electric field is bipolarized so that the electron distribution has a bipolar distribution, thereby forming a bipolar electrode. The conductor exposed to the electric field and the charge is electrostatically balanced has a high electron density on the surface facing the anode, and the electrons are reduced by the reduction of the cation generated by the voltage applied on the surface of the bipolar electrode facing the anode. Once removed, this electrostatic equilibrium is broken, and the electrode needs to be supplied with electrons through oxidation of anions from the electrode surface of the other side.

As a result, electrons flow through the inside of the electrode from one surface of the electrode to the other surface. For this reason, the bipolar electrode applied to the electrolyzer produces hydrogen on one surface and oxygen on the other surface even though it is not connected to a power source.

That is, the electrodes inserted between the anode and cathode of the electrolyzer will have a high electron density at the cathode surface facing the anode, which is the cathode side of the electrode in equilibrium electrically neutral by the applied electric field. Reduction of cations at the surface will lead to an overall electron hungry state, that is, an electrically positive state. In this electron poverty state, electrons generated through the oxidation of negative ions at the opposite electrode surface move through the inside of the electrode to the cathode surface, thereby completing the electrical circuit. That is, the anode surface of the electrode acts as an electron donor or electron source by an externally applied electric field, and the cathode surface acts as an electron acceptor electrode or an electron sink electrode. will be. In addition, in the electrochemical cell using a plurality of electrodes, since the surface of the anode side which supplies electrons to the cathode through anion oxidation is in an electrically positive state, electric force lines are radiated to the electrode surfaces that face each other continuously, causing an electron poverty state. Since these electrodes are not directly connected to a power source, these electrodes generate different electrolytic products through reduction of cations and oxidation of anions on both sides of the electrode.

Electrochemical theory also states that an electrolyte is a nonconductor for electrons and a conductor for ions. One electron in the cathode electrode connected to the power source reduces one hydrogen ion (H +). In an electrolytic cell with a positive and negative electrode connected to a power source, and a bipolar electrode inserted between them, one Faraday (96500 coulomb) current from the power source is 2 moles of hydrogen (H), one mole each at the cathode and the cathode. Create In other words, when the same amount of current is provided, an electrochemical cell composed of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a bipolar electrode produces twice as much hydrogen as a cell composed of a single electrode due to the current economy.

In terms of power energy, the relationship between the power used for electrolysis and the hydrogen production is very important because it is directly related to power efficiency. In the design of industrial alkaline electrolysis devices, it is known that cell voltages of 2.0 to 2.2 V are usually applied in monopolar and bipolar electrolysers. In an electrolytic cell consisting of a bipolar electrode, the voltage applied at the power source will vary depending on the electrolyte concentration, temperature, pressure, surface conditions of the electrode, and separator or diaphragm or membrane used, but is usually 2.2 x (n-1). It is known to apply a voltage of volts). N is the total number of electrodes including the applied anode and cathode and the bipolar electrode. To compare the power consumption of an electrolyzer consisting of a monopolar electrode and an electrolyzer consisting of a positive electrode and a negative electrode and a bipolar electrode, if 2.2 volts were applied to a device of a monopolar electrode array, the number of electrodes in the installation of the bipolar electrode array would be The total of three voltages will be 4.4 volts. If the same amount of current was applied to both electrolyzers, an electrolysis device consisting of a bipolar electrode would consume twice as much power as a monopolar electrode. That is, the bipolar electrolyzer consumes twice the power instead of producing twice the hydrogen in the current economy.

Therefore, in spite of various disadvantages, the bipolar electrode electrolyzer is preferred in the industrial field. Since the bipolar electrode flows through the inside from one surface of the electrode to the other surface, the current flowing inside the electrode is visualized and measured quantitatively. Can't be. Therefore, it is not possible to monitor and diagnose the operating state of the electrode, so that the real time production rate or real time efficiency measurement of the electrolytic product cannot be realized. Since the amount of current flowing inside the bipolar electrode was not useful, it was not possible to measure the real-time power efficiency, and the related industry was found to calculate efficiency inversely based on the electrolytic results. In other words, it has been found that the power efficiency of electrolysis has been calculated as "energy consumed to produce HHV / 1 kg of hydrogen."

However, if the current flowing through the bipolar electrode can be visualized and quantitatively measured, it is possible to calculate the cumulative output and current density of the electrode together with real-time measurement of the rate of hydrogen and oxygen generation from the bipolar electrodes in the module. In addition, it will be possible to calculate power efficiency in real time, and will be able to monitor and diagnose the operation of the electrodes. Accordingly, the present invention has been completed in consideration of these points.

On the other hand, in an electrochemical cell using a flat bipolar electrode, the balance between electrodes has a significant effect on the cell voltage and current.In an electrochemical cell composed of bipolar electrodes, the electrolyte leakage between the cells together with the balance of the electrode is also a battery. Has a significant impact on the overall performance and power efficiency. That is, the balance between the electrodes and the leakage of electrolyte between the cells have a serious effect on the power efficiency, so the best balance between the electrodes and the complete seal between the cells should be pursued.

In more detail, there will be a difference in concentration of cations and anions between the anode-side anolyte and the cathode-side catholyte. This difference in concentration is always the main driving force of the cross-diffusion phenomenon of cations and anions, and the result of cross-diffusion is the recombination of cations and anions. It must be completely physically sealed. The movement of ions along the electric field as well as the diffusion of ions is evident in the salt bridge phenomenon of the Daniell cell. Therefore, even in an electrochemical cell composed of a bipolar electrode in which current is visualized, a perfect sealing means must be applied between the anolyte and the catholyte of a neighboring cell. An electrolysis facility composed of a bipolar electrode circulates an electrolyte to supply electrolyte to an electrolyte supply pump and sometimes to promote removal of product bubbles. Therefore, there is a need for an effective means for preventing cross-diffusion and salt bridge phenomenon of ions due to the difference in concentration through an electrolyte supply pipe or a circulation circuit.

In addition, the cell design should be considered along with the electrode balance, where the cathode- and anode-side pressures must remain constant around the separator or thin film, where gaseous products are an important factor, such as in the electrolysis of water. The difference in temperature, concentration, and pressure around the separator or thin film is a driving force of diffusion, and the pressure difference between both sides of the separator or thin film may cause crosscontamination of two gases. Even if the membrane or membrane completely blocks the passage of gases or the passage of dissolved gases in the electrolyte, large pressure differences between the membrane or membrane pressures can affect the mechanical stability or lifetime of these membranes or structures. Therefore, in the electrolysis of water, the pressure applied to the anode and the catholyte is determined by the pressure difference and the concentration difference and the pressure of the anolyte and the catholyte in consideration of the diffusion coefficient in the medium of each gas. There is a need for means to remain constant.

The optimum pressure difference between the anolyte and the catholyte in the operating pressure of the electrolyzer cannot be found in the literature published in the related fields, which can minimize cross-contamination of the generated gas with respect to the operating pressure of the catholyte. The pressure of the anolyte present will be no other way than experimentally pursued.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to visualize the current flowing through the bipolar electrode through a current sensor to measure the quantity, thereby measuring the production rate of the electrolytic product and the current density of the electrode in real time and calculating information for calculating the cumulative production amount. To monitor the health of the cell.

In addition, it is easy to assemble and excellent balance between the electrodes, to provide an electrochemical cell having a structure that can provide a large electrode area in a small footprint (footprint).

In addition, in the operation of the electrochemical cell, for the power source that changes with time, the output power is directly applied to the electrochemical cell without using a voltage regulator (dc-dc voltage regulator) to maximize the efficiency of the system.

It also eliminates diffusion power due to the difference between the concentration of ions and dissolved gases in the anolyte and catholyte, the pressure difference between the anolyte and the catholyte, and the salt bridge between the anolyte and the catholyte through the electrolyte supply line. In order to implement a viable electrolyte supply system or a circulation system, the anolyte solution and the diffusion coefficient are considered in consideration of the solubility and diffusion coefficient of the electrolyte of different gases generated at the cathode and the anode by reduction and oxidation of ions. By maintaining the pressure and the difference between the pressure of the catholyte constant, it will reduce the cross-driving force due to the diffusion power and improve the mechanical stability of the membrane or thin film or structure.

It also monitors the operating state of the cell from the current and voltage data of each cell in real time and provides the system efficiency in real time along with the production rate of the electrolytic product, the current density of the electrode and the cumulative production, as well as the optimum operating state of the electrochemical cell. Voltage of a power source that varies fluidly without loss of efficiency due to the use of a dc-dc converter for power sources whose voltage varies over time, such as in solar panels or wind power outputs. It is to construct an electrochemical cell management system that can calculate the number of corresponding operation cells or modules and reflect them to the optimum operation through the control system.

In addition, the electrochemical cell management system in conjunction with the smart grid system by applying the operating reserve (spinning reserve) to the electrochemical cell except the minimum safety margin (safety margin) is essentially dissipated dissipated without utility ( dissipative) to create the utility of operational reserve power. Through real-time communication with the smart grid system and power demand, the number of operating cells or modules of the electrochemical cell system can be determined and reflected in real time through the control device of the electrochemical cell management system. will be. In this case, the electrochemical cell system acts as an electrical load (adjustable load) in real time according to the real-time power demand by the grid operator.

In addition, in the relationship between the grid or the smart grid system and intermittent and variable renewable energy, there have been cases reported in the United States and Europe that the generation of wind or solar complexes is considered as excessive power and the power generation is stopped. The bottleneck of the grid is expected to increase as the share of renewable energy in the grid increases. As a result, the electricity is visualized by accepting the excess power from the renewable energy source without rejecting the grid. The purpose is to promote the decarbonization of the power generation sector by increasing the utility of renewable energy by producing hydrogen by applying to electrochemical cell facilities composed of bipolar electrodes.

A bipolar electrode assembly of the present invention for achieving the above object, the bipolar electrode assembly that the current is visualized quantitative measurement, the electrode adjacent to each other not connected to an external power source; An insulator film inserted between the electrodes to shield the electrodes; And an electrode connecting circuit provided with an ammeter or a current sensor connecting the electrodes shielded by the insulator film, wherein the electrodes are flat or cylindrical having a hollow shape.

In addition, the bipolar electrode electrochemical cell in which the current is visualized according to the present invention is a bipolar electrode electrochemical cell module composed of a bipolar electrode assembly in which the current is visible, the casing; An insulator film provided on the inner surface of the casing; An electrode whose one surface is shielded by an insulator film on one side of the casing; And another electrode spaced apart from and facing the electrode in the casing, wherein one or more bipolar electrode assemblies are provided with the same distance between electrodes between the electrode and the electrode, and the two electrodes of the bipolar electrode electrochemical cell module are It is characterized in that connected to the power connection circuit.

And another bipolar electrode electrochemical cell according to the present invention, a bipolar electrode electrochemical cell module composed of a bipolar electrode unit module of the current is visible, the casing; An insulator film provided on the inner surface of the casing; An electrode whose one surface is shielded by an insulator film on one side of the casing; Two or more unit modules including a second electrode spaced apart from the electrode in the casing is provided, the ammeter or current sensor for connecting the neighboring electrodes in the unit module and the neighboring unit module is provided with Including an electrode connection circuit, the electrode of the bipolar unit module is characterized in that the cylindrical having a hollow.

And another bipolar electrode assembly according to the present invention is visible, the bipolar electrode electrochemical cell module consisting of a cylindrical bipolar electrode assembly of the current is visible, the cylindrical casing; A cylindrical insulator film provided on the inner surface of the casing; An outer electrode whose one surface is shielded by an insulator film on one side of the casing; And a central electrode attached to the outer electrode at a distance from the outer electrode, or a central electrode attached to an outer surface of the cylindrical insulator film or the cylindrical insulator, wherein at least one bipolar electrode assembly is formed between the electrodes. The center electrode and the outer electrode may be connected to a power connection circuit including a voltmeter or a voltage sensor and an ammeter or a current sensor.

In addition, another bipolar electrode electrochemical cell according to the present invention, the cylindrical outer electrode having a hollow; Cylindrical bipolar electrode unit module including a hollow; a cylindrical central electrode having a hollow inserted into the outer electrode structure in the outer electrode; two or more are stacked in series, the center electrode and the last module of the first module of the unit modules loaded in series The outer electrode is connected to the power connection circuit; And an electrode connecting circuit having an ammeter or a current sensor connecting the outer electrode of the one unit module and the center electrode of the neighboring unit module.

In addition, another bipolar electrode electrochemical cell according to the present invention is a bipolar electrode electrochemical cell in which a current is visualized, and includes a solid electrolyte such as a liquid electrolyte and a PEM electrolyzer (PEM electrolyzer). In electro-refining or electrowinning, together with a bipolar electrochemical cell that operates as a solid electrolyte and also produces a gaseous product such as hydrogen, oxygen or chlorine. It characterized in that it comprises a bipolar electrode electrochemical cell to produce a metal electrolytic product as shown.

On the other hand, the electrochemical cell management system of the present invention, an electrochemical cell management system (Electrochemical Cell Management System), the cell current and voltage, the cell pressure, the cell collected in real time from the electrochemical cell composed of a bipolar electrode of the current is visible It calculates and presents real-time current density, production rate and cumulative production rate, and power efficiency from information such as temperature and electrolyte level, and safety of facility based on data such as cross contamination of electrolytic product and leakage data of gas product. An electronic management system that guarantees operation; a data collection unit; A data bus; Control Unit; It is composed of a Monitoring & Control Computer System, and the electrochemical cell system is characterized by total management to operate at optimal operating conditions based on real-time data.

According to the present invention, the current flowing through the bipolar electrode of the electrochemical cell can be visualized to measure quantitatively, and thus the generation rate of the electrolytic byproduct, the current density of the electrode, and the cumulative production amount of the electrolytic byproduct from current information through the plurality of bipolar electrodes. It is possible to monitor in real time. In addition, since the current density of the electrode is measured in real time from the current through the bipolar electrode in which the current is visualized, there is an effect that real-time information of current economy and power efficiency is useful.

In addition, real-time power efficiency information is analyzed in real time through the electrochemical cell management system to control the voltage and current of the power supply or to adjust the number of operating cells or modules according to the demand of the power grid in real time, so that the grid operator controls the electrochemical cell facilities in real time. Can be used as possible variable load. Applied to the grid, the operating reserve power excluding the minimum safety margin is applied to the production of hydrogen, so that dissipative standby power, which is essentially wasted and disappeared, is applied to the production of hydrogen, and surplus power from variable renewable energy is applied to the grid. It accepts this bottleneck and applies it to hydrogen production, and uses the produced hydrogen for power generation to promote decarbonization in the power generation and transportation fuel sectors, and to promote the universalization of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicles. It has the effect of promoting.

1 is a view showing a basic module of an electrochemical cell composed of a flat plate type bipolar electrode assembly in which one current is visualized according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a view showing a module to which a plurality of bipolar battery assemblies are applied in a flat bipolar electrode electrochemical cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a view showing an example in which a cylindrical bipolar battery assembly of an electrochemical cell is configured to allow quantitative measurement by visualizing current according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a view showing a flat electrode unit module of an electrochemical cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a view showing a state in which a plurality of unit modules of the electrochemical cell according to another embodiment of the present invention are stacked in series.

6 is an anatomical diagram of an example of implementing an electrochemical cell unit module in a cylindrical shape according to another embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a view showing an example in which a plurality of cylindrical unit modules of Figure 6 stacked in series.

8 is a schematic diagram showing an electrochemical cell management system according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

First, in the present specification, an electrochemical cell is used to produce a gaseous electrolytic product, as in a bipolar electrode electrolysis device of water or brine, or to electrorefining, electrowinning, or electroplating. Means a device for producing a metal electrolytic product from bipolar electrodes not connected to the power supply under the voltage and current conditions provided through the electrode connected to the power supply.

In addition, the electrochemical cell of the present specification is a solid as in a bipolar PEM electrolyzer with a bipolar electrode electrolyzer using a liquid electrolyte as in a brine or alkaline electrolyzer. It includes a bipolar electrode electrolyzer including, but not limited to, a bipolar electrode electrolysis device using an electrolyte.

The present invention is characterized in that the current flowing through the electrode of the bipolar electrode to visualize, quantitative measurement is possible.

To this end, the bipolar electrode assembly 10 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, in the bipolar electrode assembly 10 used in the electrochemical cell, the neighboring electrodes (11, 12) not connected to an external power source; An insulator film (13) inserted between the electrodes (11) and (12) to shield the electrodes (11, 12); And an electrode connecting circuit 14 having an ammeter or a current sensor 15 for connecting the

electrodes

11 and 12 shielded by the insulator film 13.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the neighboring electrodes 11 ′ and 12 ′ are not provided in the

same unit module

1, 1 ′, but in

different unit modules

1, 1 ′. Can be stacked in series, so that adjacent electrodes 11 'and 12 are shielded by one or more non-conductive films 13 and 13', and between the non-conducting films 13 and 13 '. The casings 100, 100 'and the like may be interposed, that is, provided, and embodiments thereof are not limited.

That is, the bipolar electrode assembly 10 in which the current of the present invention is visualized may include the

electrodes

11 and 12 adjacent to each other, and at least one non-conductive film 13 interposed between the electrodes to shield the current, in addition to the specific embodiment. And an electrode connection circuit 14 provided with an ammeter or a current sensor 15 for connecting the

electrodes

11 and 12 shielded by the non-conductive film 13.

As such, the bipolar electrode assembly 10 is applied to an electrochemical cell, which will be described as the following embodiment.

First, one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the casing 100; An insulator film 110 provided on the inner surface of the casing 100; An electrode 120 whose one surface is shielded by an insulator film 110 on one side of the casing 100; And another electrode 120 'installed to be spaced apart from the electrode 120 in the casing 100, wherein at least one bipolar electrode assembly 10 is provided between the electrode 120 and the electrode 120'. It is done.

Therefore, one electrode 120 whose one surface is shielded by one side of the non-conductor film 110 in the casing 100 and one that is provided in the bipolar electrode assembly 10 and one surface of which is shielded by the non-conductor film 13 are provided. The electrode 11, and the electrolyte 140 injected between the

electrodes

120 and 11 and a separator or thin film 130 that divides the electrolyte 140 into a cathode electrolyte and a cathode electrolyte form one cell. . The other electrode 12 whose one surface is shielded by the non-conductive film 13 and the other electrode 120 'whose one surface is shielded by the non-conductive film 110 on the other side in the casing 100 are the electrodes. One cell is formed together with the electrolyte 140 and the separator or thin film 130 injected between (12) and 120 ', and the cell and the cell share the insulator film 13.

In this state, when the first electrode 120 of the first cell and the second electrode 120 'of the second cell are connected to an external power source of the power connection circuit 150, the first electrode 120 acts as an anode, One in-cell electrode 11 facing the anode operates as a cathode. In addition, the electrode 12 constituting another cell connected to the electrode 11 acting as the cathode through an electrode connecting circuit 14 including an ammeter or a current sensor 15 operates as an anode, and is usually a bipolar electrode. The current flowing through the can be measured quantitatively through an ammeter or a current sensor.

That is, the cathode, which is in an electron poverty state due to the reduction of the cation, receives electrons through oxidation of the anion from the anode, and the flow current is visualized through the current sensor to enable quantitative measurement.

In addition, the current between the

electrodes

120 and 120 ′ connected to the external power source may be measured by providing an ammeter or a current sensor 15 in the power connection circuit 150.

In addition, the voltage between the cells can also be measured quantitatively, which is measured by a voltmeter or voltage sensor 160 connected to and installed in the electrode connection circuit 14 and the power connection circuit 150.

The casing 100, the non-conductive film 110, the separator or the thin film 130, the electrolyte 140, and the like are applicable to various conventionally known electrochemical cells, and thus, detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted. However, the

electrodes

120 and 120 ′ of the present invention may be in the form of a flat plate. For example, the

electrodes

120 and 120 ′ may be a flat plate having a rectangular shape or a circular flat plate, and the shape thereof is not limited thereto. In addition, the casing 110 and the structure, the non-conductor structure and the non-conductor structure, the non-conductor structure and the thin film may be assembled by sealing the assembly by a plurality of sealing means, for example sealing (sealing), which is a crimping type in the module assembly To make the filter press useful.

In one embodiment of the present invention, as described above, two cells are connected to the basic module, based on this, as shown in Figure 2, three or more cells are connected, that is, a plurality of bipolar electrode assembly 10 Electrochemical cell module may be configured in the state provided.

That is, also in the electrochemical cell of FIG. 2, the electric field line generated from the electrode acting as the first anode continuously causes an electron hungry state to the second and third opposing electrodes, Two electrodes separated by insulators will produce different electrolytic products.

In the electrochemical cell configured as described above, the current between the electrodes constituting the module and the voltage of the cell are monitored in real time, so that an electrode or cell having a performance problem can be easily identified. In addition, the production rate of the electrolytic product of the cell, the current density of the electrode and the cumulative production can be calculated in real time.

In addition, in the electrochemical cell system composed of a plurality of bipolar electrode modules of the current as shown in Figure 2, the connection between the module and the module is the last electrode of one module and the first electrode of the neighboring module is provided with a current sensor or ammeter In order to connect the first electrode of the first module and the last electrode of the last module to the power connection circuit or to control the cell current amount, a certain number of modules are connected to the power supply in parallel so that the whole module can be connected to one electrochemical cell. It is a system.

In addition, the bipolar electrode assembly of the present invention can be implemented as a cylindrical, as shown in Figure 3, unlike Figure 1, 2, which will be described again below.

On the other hand, according to the current economic and power economic analysis, the electrochemical cell of the bipolar electrode array as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 has no difference in terms of power economy compared to the electrochemical cell composed of the single electrode, but the power efficiency is high due to the use of low current. It is mentioned.

Accordingly, by reducing the number of sealing means, the base module according to another embodiment for facilitating the crimping assembly of the module, preventing leakage between cells, extending the life of the facility, and facilitating maintenance of the facility is illustrated in FIG. 4. It is presented as

The basic module according to the other embodiment, the casing (100); An insulator film 110 provided on the inner surface of the casing 100; An electrode 11 whose one surface is shielded by an insulator film 110 on one side of the casing 100; Two or more unit modules (1) including a second electrode which is installed spaced apart from the electrode 11 in the casing (100), the one unit module (1) and the neighboring unit module It consists of an electrode connection circuit 14 provided with an ammeter or a current sensor 15 for connecting the neighboring electrodes 12, 11 'in 1'.

That is, the electrode 12 ′ of the other unit module 1 ′ adjacent to the electrode 12 of the first unit module 1 is connected to the electrode connection circuit 14 provided with the ammeter or the current sensor 15. By connecting, it is to configure a bipolar electrode assembly 10 as shown in FIG. Thus, one electrode acts as the cathode and the other as the anode, allowing the quantitative measurement of the current as in the basic module of FIG.

This embodiment has a structure in which the electrode and the cell having a performance problem can be easily identified by monitoring the voltage and current of each cell in real time as in the previous embodiment, and the production rate of the electrolytic product of the cell and the current of the electrode Density and cumulative production can also be calculated in real time. In addition, by connecting the first electrode of the first module and the last electrode of the last module in the power supply circuit and the neighboring electrode to the electrode connection circuit via the ammeter or the current sensor in the state that a plurality of unit modules are stacked in series, An electrochemical cell system combining multiple modules such as 5 is achieved. In addition, the module shown in FIG. 4 effectively prevents leakage of electrolyte between cells as compared to the module of FIG. 1, which also maintains the application of the crimping assembly process and the replacement of defective cells. Since the maintenance cost is saved, the disadvantage of the conventional bipolar electrode is improved.

In addition, in FIG. 5, three or more unit modules 1 of FIG. 4 are stacked, and the first electrode 11 and the last electrode 12 ′ of which one surface is shielded by the non-conductive film 110 are connected to the anode of the external power source. It is connected to the cathode, the remaining electrodes are connected to the neighboring electrode via the current sensor 15 to configure an electrochemical cell module using a bipolar electrode in which the current is housed. The cell current amount can be controlled by connecting a certain number of modules to the power supply in parallel through the electrode connection circuit.

On the other hand, the surface of an electrode acting as an anode or a cathode does not have an even surface in microstructure, and an intentionally even surface to promote the effect of electrocatalytic effect and redox reaction, or removal of product gas bubbles. It may be avoided. That is, as the power lines diverge vertically from the surface, the design of the module will require a geometry that traps all the divergent power lines between the electrodes. For this purpose, a cylindrical module in which the sealing or balance configuration of the

electrodes

120, 120 ', 11 and 12 may be easier than the flat electrode would be ideal.

Therefore, the electrochemical cell and the bipolar electrode assembly 10 of the present invention can be implemented in a cylindrical shape, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the bipolar electrode assembly 10 has a hollow on both sides of the cylindrical insulator film 13 having a hollow. The

cylindrical electrodes

11a and 12a having are attached. The electrode connection circuit 14 includes an ammeter or a current sensor 15 for connecting the

electrodes

11a and 12a shielded by the insulator film 13, similarly to the flat plate type described above.

Cylindrical electrodes corresponding to the

electrodes

120 and 120 ′ of FIG. 1 are represented as a center electrode 11b and an outer electrode 12b in FIG. 6. Other components constituting the cylindrical unit module are indicated in FIG. 6 by the same reference numerals as in FIG. 4. When a plurality of cylindrical bipolar electrode assemblies having different diameters of FIG. 3 are arranged in concentric circles of the same electrode distance between the center electrode 11b and the outer electrode 12b of FIG. 6, the cylindrical current corresponding to the module shown in FIG. A visualized bipolar electrolyzer module is obtained. 6 shows an anatomical view of the cylindrical unit modules corresponding to the flat unit module of FIG. 4.

The cylindrical module can provide a large electrode area with a small footprint according to the height of the module, thereby realizing a facility capable of accommodating high currents. Very advantageous. Such cylindrical modules would be well suited for electrochemical cell facilities that could be applied to future hydrogen production facilities if stable sealing means were applied between the components.

In addition, after implementing the unit module 1 as a cylindrical as shown in FIG. 6, as shown in FIG. 7, if the electrochemical cell is configured by stacking a plurality of unit modules of FIG. 6, a module having a shape corresponding to that of FIG. 5 may be implemented. It becomes possible. That is, the cylindrical outer electrode (11b) having a hollow; Two or more unit modules (1) including a cylindrical central electrode (11a) having a hollow is inserted into the outer electrode (11b) in a double tube structure, the outer electrode (11b) of the one unit module (1) ) And the central electrode 11a of the neighboring unit module 1 'are connected to an electrode connection circuit 14 equipped with an ammeter or a current sensor 15.

The electrochemical cell of this structure has the advantage that the footprint of the equipment is significantly smaller than the large electrode area. Here, it is a matter of course that the rest of the configuration except that the unit module 1 has a cylindrical shape is the same as that of the unit module 1 of FIG.

In the unit module 1 of FIG. 4 and in FIG. 6, which has a cylindrical shape, the casing 100, which is the outermost shell of the circumference of FIG. 6, has a structure for providing mechanical integrity to the circumference. to be. The function for providing mechanical integrity may be implemented by the outer electrode 12b or the insulator film 13 surrounding the outer electrode 12b without the casing 100 which is the outermost shell of the cylindrical unit module. have. Cylindrical unit modules of this structure can provide ease of assembly with cost reduction. In addition, the center electrode in FIG. 6 is applied and assembled with the sealing means with the upper plate 101 and the lower plate 102 in the form of the electrode attached to the outer surface of the non-conductor circumference, the electrode of the pipe shape, the form of attaching the electrode to the outer surface of the non-conductive cylinder The structure of the electrode may change depending on the ease of use.

Meanwhile, FIGS. 1, 2, and 4 and 5 are all configured to separate gas from the electrolyte through an upper gas collection plenum of the electrolyte 140, and the gas is connected to an upper portion of the space between the electrodes. It is discharged by the gas transport pipe 300 is installed. The gas transport pipe 300 transports the gas discharged by being separately installed into the first gas transport pipe 300a and the second gas transport pipe 300b on the anode electrolyte and cathode electrolyte sides, respectively.

In this case, each of the gas transport pipe (300a, 300b) may be provided with a reverse pressure regulator 320 for maintaining a constant pressure of both the membrane or the thin film 130, respectively. In addition, in order to maintain the mechanical stability of the separator or the thin film 130 and to prevent the diffusion of the gas product due to the concentration difference or pressure difference, the back pressure regulator (320) on each gas transport pipe (300a, 300b) In addition, the gas pressure sensor 310 may be installed.

In addition, in order to block the diffusion driving force and the salt bridge phenomenon caused by the difference in concentration of ions between the positive and negative electrolytes, the supply of the electrolyte is preferably such that the positive and negative electrolytes are supplied separately. To this end, it is preferable that the electrolyte supply pipe 200 connected to the lower portion of the space between the electrode and the electrode is separately installed as the first electrolyte supply pipe 200a and the second electrolyte supply pipe 200b on the positive and negative electrolyte sides.

Meanwhile, when the electrolyte supply pipe 200 is not separated and installed, the backflow prevention valve 210 may be installed in the electrolyte supply pipe 200. That is, by installing a check valve 210, cross diffusion power and salt bridge phenomenon due to the difference in concentration of ions can be blocked. When the non-return valve 210 is used, the electrolyte of the pump side during the normal operation of the electrolyzer will have to maintain a negative pressure with respect to the pressure of the electrolyzer.

In addition, when the electrolyte circulation system is introduced to promote separation of bubbles from the electrode surface, the gas collection space at the top of the electrolyte disappears, and the gas collection space is a mixed fluid of gas bubbles and electrolyte (H ₂ gas). + Catholyte or O ₂ gas + Anolyte electrolyte), and the mixed fluid of the electrolyte and the gas is transported to a separate separation tank through the gas transport pipe 300, the separation of the gas and the electrolyte is performed in a separate separation tank. The anode electrolyte and the cathode electrolyte from which the gas is separated are recycled to the electrolytic cell through the separated gas transport pipe 300 and the electrolyte supply pump 220. At this time, the gas pressure sensor 310 and the reverse pressure regulator 320 is located at the gas outlet side of the separation tank. In addition, in this case, the electrolyte may be circulated by installing separate electrolyte supply pumps 220 in the electrolyte supply pipe 200 for the anode electrolyte and the cathode electrolyte, respectively. This circulation of electrolyte is commonly used in industry as it is very advantageous in removing bubbles that seriously affect power efficiency.

As described above, the current flowing through the bipolar electrode is visualized so that the real-time current can be measured quantitatively, thereby introducing an electrochemical cell management system, which is an electronic system that manages the operation of the electrochemical cell as a whole. It became possible.

It introduces an electronic management system similar to the battery management system of an electric vehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle to a battery composed of a bipolar electrode in which current is visualized, and includes a data collection unit, a monitoring and control computer system ( It is composed of a computer system, a communication channel or data bus, and a control unit, and a schematic conceptual diagram thereof is shown in FIG. 8.

The electrochemical cell management system monitors the operating state and health state of the cell in real time from the current and voltage data of each cell, diagnoses electrode and cell defects, calculates the production rate, cumulative production amount and current density of electrode By providing the efficiency of the power supply in real time, the electrochemical cell to maintain the optimal operating state. In addition, in conjunction with a control unit, the number of operating cells corresponding to the applied voltage without loss of efficiency due to the use of a voltage regulator for power sources whose power varies over time, such as in solar panels or wind power outputs. Is calculated in real time and reflected through the control device to reflect the optimal operation of the battery.

That is, an electrochemical facility using an electrochemical cell composed of a bipolar electrode in which current is visualized is managed as follows. Monitored real-time data such as cell current, cell voltage, cell pressure, electrolyte level (if having gas collection space in the electrolyzer), electrolyte temperature, etc., of the module including the bipolar electrode constituting the electrochemical cell Is collected by. In addition to these data, the data collection device also includes external input signals such as real-time data of current and voltage of the power supply, cross-contamination data of generated oxygen and hydrogen gas, and gas leak detection devices installed in the electrochemical facility chamber. Collect gas leakage signal through the monitoring and control computer system to monitor in real time, and communicate with the communication channel through the control device to calculate the number of cells to be activated for power voltage, current control, and power voltage In conjunction with the monitoring and control computer system implements the function to reflect the control of the number of operating cells. In this case, the control device implements safe operation of the facility by cutting off the power of the entire system in an emergency by using the cross-contamination degree of the generated gas and gas leakage data in the electrolysis facility chamber.

In electrochemical cells, the produced hydrogen is considered a major energy storage means or energy carrier because it is a means that can be stored and converted to power at the maximum power consumption of the urban grid. . Power from solar or wind power can be useful for this purpose as it is applied to an electrochemical cell composed of a bipolar electrode in which the current is immediately visible. In other words, the electrochemical cell management system of the present invention enables the power from renewable energy sources including solar power generation and wind power generation to be applied to hydrogen production at maximum efficiency. The stored hydrogen gas, converted from renewable energy sources to hydrogen gas, will be converted back into electricity at peak hours with high demand for electricity.

In order to apply the electric power applied to the electrolytic cell to the monopolar electrode electrolyzer, a voltage regulator for controlling the voltage should be used, which will reduce the efficiency of the overall electrolytic system. Electrochemical cells using current-polarized bipolar electrodes, without these voltage regulators, operate cells that correspond to the power of a power source useful in the field with the support of a data bus in an electrochemical cell management system and a control system consisting of switches and relays. By adjusting the number of modules or the number of modules, an electrochemical plant that can operate at optimum conditions can be implemented.

In general, the grid has a reserve power of about 10% of the base load for peak hour demand. This reserve is sometimes reported for battery charging or pumped-storage hydroelectricity. When applied to electrolysis for the production of hydrogen, a means of energy storage, the electrochemical cell management system It is linked to power grid or smart grid system and adjusts the number of operating cells or modules flexibly for power excluding minimum safety margin within 0 ~ 10% of reserve power. It creates the utility of dissipative operational reserve power.

Traveling around Europe or the US wind farms, we find wind turbines that aren't working even under good conditions. One of the reasons is that the power of wind farms and photovoltaic parks was considered excessive power due to bottleneck of power grid, and it was reported that the grid requested to stop generating electricity. The power grid accepts this excess power and applies hydrogen to an electrochemical cell facility consisting of bipolar electrodes that can visualize the current and visualize it to produce hydrogen, thereby increasing the capacity of the grid to maximize its surplus power and maximizing the utility of renewable energy. It can promote decarbonization of the sector.

In order to prove the effectiveness of the present invention, the following experiment was performed.

Experiments were carried out through an electrolytic cell consisting of a bipolar electrode with a current produced in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. In this experiment, a bipolar electrode assembly was fabricated by attaching a 316L flat electrode with a thickness of 1 mm and a size of 160x160 mm to both sides of a 5 mm thick acrylic plate. The electrode used in addition to the bipolar electrode assembly was also the same size as the flat electrode applied to the bipolar electrode, and the distance between the electrodes was 15 mm, and 25% KOH electrolyte was used. In addition, the experiment was performed at the electrolyte temperature 13 ~ 18 ℃. No membrane or thin film was used in all experiments.

In addition, one, two, three, and four of the bipolar electrode assemblies were applied to each electrolyzer, and each of the electrolyzers had a constant voltage and a constant current of 4.4, 6.6, 8.8, and 11 volts, respectively, depending on the number of bipolar electrode assemblies. Under the constant current conditions, electrolysis was performed to measure the current and the cell voltage flowing through the bipolar electrode where the current was visualized.

In all experiments, the cell voltage was measured at 2.2 volts on average. [(Sum of supply current + current flowing through each bipolar electrode assembly)] means the amount of current used to generate hydrogen gas through the electrode surface. If this value is E, "E / supply current amount" represents current efficiency and power efficiency. The supply current is used to generate oxygen at the anode and hydrogen at the cathode, and the current between the anode and the cathode of each bipolar electrode is also a current to generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. Therefore, if the E value is (n-1) times the amount of supply current, it can be interpreted as an efficiency of 100% in power economy.

Experimental results show that the E value depends on the current density of the electrode. In order to investigate the current density dependence of power efficiency, experiments were conducted for various current densities ranging from 13 mA / cm 2 to 36 mA / cm 2 under constant voltage conditions.

As a result, for these current densities, the power efficiency varied from 73% to 100% within the measurement error limits of the instrument. In other words, the power efficiency decreased with increasing current density.

The decrease in the value of E with increasing current density means that the power efficiency is related to the rate at which the generated hydrogen and oxygen gas bubbles are removed from the electrode surface, resulting in various overpotential and ohmic losses. The energy accumulated in the electrolyzer will lead to an increase in the temperature of the electrolyte, so it is confirmed that maintaining the optimal current density will be a means to maintain the optimum temperature and obtain the best power efficiency.

As can be seen from the experimental results according to the embodiment of the present invention as described above, the current density of the electrode of the electrode is calculated in real time by the use of a bipolar electrode in which the current is visualized, so that the current economy and power economy efficiency of the electrochemical cell are real time Various electrode materials, surface conditions of electrodes, electrochemical catalysts used, separators or thin films used, methods of separating gas bubbles including electrolyte circulation, distances between electrode-separators or thin-film electrodes It is possible to set the optimum operating conditions of the battery in terms of the efficiency of the electrolyte, the viscosity of the electrolyte, and the operating temperature and pressure of the battery.

In addition, quantitative measurement is possible by visualizing the current flowing inside the electrode of the electrochemical cell composed of the bipolar electrode, and thus the entire bipolar electrode electrochemical cell system similar to the battery management system (BMS) of an electric vehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle is possible. It is possible to implement an electrochemical cell management system (ECMS) that maintains the optimum operating conditions for the best power efficiency.

Furthermore, the electrochemical cell management system provides the best efficiency in conjunction with renewable energy sources such as solar power and wind power to promote decarbonization of the power generation sector, and in tandem with the smart grid system. It can contribute to the decarbonization of the power and transport fuel sectors by creating the utility of dissipative reserves that are wasted and disappear, and by using the produced hydrogen for power generation or for hydrogen fueled vehicles.

The National Institute of Renewable Energy (EERE) of the United States has classified a hydrogen station, which can fuel more than 500 hydrogen fuel cell vehicles with 100,000 kg of hydrogen annually, as a full-service full-sized fueling station. According to the July 28, 2016 JoongAng Ilbo article, the power demand on July 26 was 81,110 MW, and the power reserve on that day was reported as 7,810 MW. If 25% of the spinning reserve power is left as a safety margin and the remaining 75% is applied to hydrogen production through an electrochemical cell management system linked to the grid, this would result in 12,800 full-service distributed production charging facilities. The amount of hydrogen produced can support more than 4.8 million hydrogen fuel cell vehicles that run 33 miles (52.8 km) using 55 kg of hydrogen per day. If the number of passenger cars operating in Korea is assumed to be 10 million, this is nearly half of the number of passenger cars currently operating in Korea. This will not only promote the decarbonization of the transportation fuel sector, but will also greatly contribute to the universalization of hydrogen cars.

In addition, the electric grid uses surplus power from renewable energy sources by using an electrochemical facility consisting of bipolar electrodes capable of quantitative measurement by visualizing current as a variable load that the grid operator can adjust in real time through bidirectional communication with the grid. It is expected to contribute to decarbonization in the power generation sector by increasing the energy efficiency and increasing the utility of renewable energy.

According to the present invention, the current flowing through the bipolar electrode of the electrochemical cell can be visualized to measure quantitatively, and thus the generation rate of the electrolytic byproduct, the current density of the electrode, and the cumulative production amount of the electrolytic byproduct from current information through the plurality of bipolar electrodes. It is possible to monitor in real time. In addition, since the current density of the electrode is measured in real time from the current through the bipolar electrode in which the current is visualized, it is useful for grasping real-time information of current economy and power efficiency.

In addition, real-time power efficiency information is analyzed in real time through the electrochemical cell management system to control the voltage and current of the power source or to adjust the number of operating cells or modules according to the demand of the power grid in real time, allowing the grid operator to control the electrochemical cell facilities in real time. Can be used as possible variable load. Applied to power grids, by applying operating reserve power excluding minimum safety margins to hydrogen production, dissipative standby power that is wasted and disappeared essentially without effect is applied to hydrogen production, and excess power from variable renewable energy is applied to the grid. It accepts these bottlenecks without any bottlenecks and applies them to hydrogen production. By using the produced hydrogen for power generation, it promotes decarbonization in the power generation and transportation fuel sectors, and promotes the universalization of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicles. It is expected to accelerate.

Claims

In the bipolar electrode assembly 10 in which current is visualized and quantitatively measured,

Neighboring electrodes not connected to an external power source;

An insulator film 13 inserted between the electrodes to shield the electrodes;

And an electrode connection circuit 14 including an ammeter or a current sensor 15 for connecting the electrodes shielded by the insulator film 13.

The electrode is a flat plate or a cylindrical having a hollow, characterized in that the current is visualized bipolar electrode assembly capable of quantitative measurement.
The method of claim 1,

Cylindrical bipolar electrode assembly in which the current is visible,

Cylindrical insulator film 13;

Cylindrical electrodes (11a) (12a) attached to inner and outer surfaces of the cylindrical insulator film; A bipolar electrode assembly in which a current is visualized, characterized in that the ammeter or a current sensor 15 connecting the cylindrical electrodes 11a and 12a, one surface of which is shielded by the insulator film 13, to have a hollow shape. .
A bipolar electrode electrochemical cell module composed of a bipolar electrode assembly in which a current is visualized,

Casing 100; An insulator film 110 provided on an inner surface of the casing 100;

An electrode 120 whose one surface is shielded by an insulator film 110 on one side of the casing 100; And

Including the other electrode 120 'which is installed to face the electrode 120 in the casing 100 spaced apart,

One or more bipolar electrode assemblies 10 are provided at the same distance between electrodes between the electrode 120 and the electrode 120 ',

The two electrodes 120, 120 'of the bipolar electrode electrochemical cell module are bipolar electrode electrochemical cells, characterized in that connected to the power connection circuit 150. (The same as the name of the invention should be less.)
A bipolar electrode electrochemical cell module composed of a bipolar electrode unit module in which a current is visualized.

Casing 100;

An insulator film 110 provided on an inner surface of the casing 100;

An electrode 11 whose one surface is shielded by an insulator film 110 on one side of the casing 100;

Two or more unit modules (1) are provided, which includes; another electrode (12) spaced apart from the electrode (11) in the casing (100),

An electrode connection circuit 14 including an ammeter or a current sensor 15 for connecting the neighboring electrodes 12 and 11 'in the unit module 1 and the neighboring unit module 1' is provided. Include,

The electrode of the bipolar electrode unit module is a bipolar electrode electrochemical cell, characterized in that the cylindrical having a hollow.
A bipolar electrode electrochemical cell module composed of a cylindrical bipolar electrode assembly in which current is visualized,

Cylindrical casing 100;

A cylindrical insulator film 110 provided on an inner surface of the casing 100;

An outer electrode 12b whose one surface is shielded by the non-conductive film 110 on one side of the casing 100; And

Consists of a cylindrical metal electrode installed at a distance concentric with the outer electrode, or a central electrode (11b) attached to the outer surface of the cylindrical insulator film or the cylindrical insulator,

One or more bipolar electrode assemblies 10 are provided between the electrodes 12b and 11b at the same distance between electrodes.

The center electrode (11b) and the outer electrode (12b) is an electrochemical cell consisting of a cylindrical bipolar electrode assembly, characterized in that connected to a power connection circuit having a voltmeter or voltage sensor and ammeter or current sensor.
The method of claim 4, wherein

Cylindrical bipolar unit module having a hollow visible current,

Cylindrical casing 100;

An insulator film 110 attached to an inner surface of the casing;

The outer electrode 12b attached to the inner surface of the insulator film and the center electrode 11b attached to the outer surface of the outer electrode 11b in a concentric manner or a cylindrical insulator film or a center electrode 11b attached to the outer surface of the cylindrical insulator. Composed,

Electrochemical cell module consisting of a cylindrical bipolar electrode unit module having a hollow visible current,

Two or more cylindrical bipolar unit modules in which the current is visible are mounted in series, and the central electrode 11b of the first unit module and the outer electrode 12b of the last unit module are connected to a power connection circuit. And an ammeter or current sensor 15 connecting the outer electrode 12b of one unit module and the central electrode 11b of the neighboring unit module to the electrode connection circuit 14. Bipolar Electrochemical Cell.
A bipolar electrode electrochemical cell in which a current is visualized,

It includes bipolar electrochemical cells that operate as a solid electrolyte, such as in liquid electrolytes and PEM electrolyzers, and also produces gaseous products such as hydrogen, oxygen or chlorine. And a bipolar electrode electrochemical cell comprising a bipolar electrode electrochemical cell for producing a metal electrolytic product as in electro-refining or electrowinning together with a bipolar electrode electrochemical cell. Chemical cell.
As an electrochemical cell management system,

Real-time current density, production rate and cumulative production rate, and power efficiency of real-time current density, information on cell current and voltage, cell pressure, cell temperature, electrolyte level, etc. A data collection unit as an electronic management system that calculates and presents and guarantees safe operation of the facility based on data such as cross contamination of the electrolytic product and leakage data of gaseous products; A data bus; Control Unit; An electrochemical cell management system comprising a monitoring and control computer system, the overall management of the electrochemical cell system to operate at optimal operating conditions based on real-time data.
The method of claim 8,

Electrochemical cell management system consisting of a bipolar electrode the current is visible,

Promotes decarbonization of the power generation sector by applying power from renewable energy sources characterized by intermittent and variable power to hydrogen production at maximum efficiency by adjusting the number of operating cells or modules according to real-time power conditions of the power source. Electrochemical cell management system.
The method of claim 7, wherein

The electrochemical cell management system,

In conjunction with the grid or the Smart Grid System, real-time operating reserve or dissipative spinning reserve of the grid is adjusted by adjusting the number of operating cells or modules according to real-time power demand. An electrochemical cell management system characterized by creating utility of dissipative operational reserve power that is essentially wasted and disappeared by no use by applying to an electrochemical cell system as a realtime adjuatable electric load.
The method of claim 8,

The electrochemical cell management system,

The power grid receives excess power from renewable energy sources and applies hydrogen to an electrochemical cell facility consisting of bipolar electrodes capable of quantitative measurement by visualizing current, eliminating bottlenecks in the power grid and increasing capacity to accommodate excess power. An electrochemical cell management system that maximizes the utility of energy and promotes decarbonization of the power generation sector.