WO2018062593A1 - Module d'affichage et un visiocasque le comprenant - Google Patents

Module d'affichage et un visiocasque le comprenant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018062593A1
WO2018062593A1 PCT/KR2016/010992 KR2016010992W WO2018062593A1 WO 2018062593 A1 WO2018062593 A1 WO 2018062593A1 KR 2016010992 W KR2016010992 W KR 2016010992W WO 2018062593 A1 WO2018062593 A1 WO 2018062593A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
black matrix
light
area
region
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PCT/KR2016/010992
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김지훈
이기용
서치원
Original Assignee
엘지전자 주식회사
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Application filed by 엘지전자 주식회사 filed Critical 엘지전자 주식회사
Priority to PCT/KR2016/010992 priority Critical patent/WO2018062593A1/fr
Publication of WO2018062593A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018062593A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved display module and an HMD having the same.
  • LCDs liquid crystal displays
  • OLEDs organic light emitting diodes
  • AMOLEDs active matrix organic light emitting diodes
  • barrier ribs may be formed to separate the regions from which red (R: RED), green (G: GREEN), and blue (B: BLUE) light is emitted.
  • Such barrier ribs may be matched with a black matrix to improve contrast of each unit pixel.
  • Such LCDs and OLEDs may be provided as displays in glass type terminals.
  • the glass-type terminal is configured to be worn on the head of the human body.
  • the display provided in the glass-type terminal may be implemented in the form of a head mounted display (HMD).
  • HMD head mounted display
  • the HMD type refers to a display system mounted on the head to show an image directly in front of the user's eyes.
  • the glass type terminal is worn on the head of the human body, and the HMD type display is located very close to the user's eyes. . Therefore, when the LCD and the OLED are enlarged by the lens unit provided in the glass type terminal, the black matrix can be visually recognized.
  • an LCD is a display device that obtains a desired image signal by applying an electric field to a liquid crystal material having anisotropic dielectric constant injected between two substrates, and controlling the amount of light transmitted through the substrate by adjusting the intensity of the previous system. to be.
  • Such LCDs are typical among portable flat panel displays, and among them, TFT-LCDs using thin film transistors (TFTs) as switching devices are mainly used.
  • the LCD includes a plurality of gate lines transmitting scan signals and data lines crossing the gate lines and transferring image data, and formed in an area surrounded by the gate lines and the data lines, respectively, and switching with the gate lines and the data lines. It includes a plurality of pixels in the form of a matrix connected through the device.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display module 151 ′ according to the related art.
  • the display module 151 ′ includes a color filter substrate 20 and a thin film transistor substrate 50 facing each other, between the color filter substrate 20 and the thin film transistor substrate 50. It includes a liquid crystal layer 40 located.
  • an upper polarizer 10 is formed on the color filter substrate 20, and a plurality of color filters 21, 22, and 23 are spaced apart from the color filter substrate 20, and the color filter 21 is spaced apart from the color filter substrate 20. Between the 22 and 23, a black matrix 30 is formed on the color filter substrate 20.
  • a gate electrode 51 and a pixel electrode 52 are formed on the thin film transistor substrate 50.
  • a lower polarizer 60 is provided below the thin film transistor substrate 50, and a backlight unit 70 is provided below the lower polarizer 60.
  • the black matrix 30 is visually recognized when the lens unit 80 is enlarged by the lens unit 80. May be generated.
  • an OLED is also provided with a light source, and even in this case, a black matrix is arranged between each light source, so that the above-described problems may occur in the same way.
  • Another object is to provide a solution to the problem that the grid pattern is visually recognized due to the black matrix when the display module is enlarged and displayed.
  • a display module including a backlight unit configured to emit light, a first polarizing plate overlapping the backlight unit, an upper portion of the first polarizing plate, and a TFT electrode disposed on an array TFT substrate and the TFT substrate. And a liquid crystal panel formed to overlap the liquid crystal panel by using the light passing through the first polarizing plate, and arranged to overlap the liquid crystal panel, and arranged with a predetermined distance therebetween.
  • a color filter substrate having a blue (B) color filter and a black matrix disposed in the separation space, a second polarizer disposed on the color filter substrate, and a second polarizer disposed on the second polarizer;
  • a first lens region covering each of the blue color filters and a second lens region extending from the first lens region to cover at least a portion of the black matrix.
  • the first emission surface may be a flat surface
  • the second emission surface may be a curved surface
  • the incidence surface of the lens pad is flat.
  • the light emitted from the backlight unit may have a light emission path that passes through the first polarizing plate, the liquid crystal panel, the color filter, the second polarizing plate, and the lens pad in order to be emitted to the outside. It features.
  • the thickness of the second lens area decreases as the distance from the first lens area increases.
  • the first lens area may be flat, and the second lens area may have a curved shape.
  • the first lens region may cover at least a portion of the black matrix.
  • the second lens area may be disposed to be spaced apart from another adjacent second lens area by a predetermined space.
  • a display module includes a light emitting part including a plurality of light sources disposed on a TFT substrate and the TFT substrate and electrically connected to the TFT substrate, and disposed to overlap the light emitting part,
  • a black matrix substrate including a light emitting region through which light emitted from the plurality of light sources passes and a black matrix region having a black matrix between the light emitting regions, overlapping with the black matrix substrate,
  • a lens pad including a first lens region formed to cover the second lens region and a second lens region extending from the first lens region to cover the black mattress region, wherein the second lens region includes the black matrix.
  • the plurality of light sources may include a white light source, and color filters of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) may be sequentially disposed in the light emission area.
  • a polarizer may be further included between the black matrix substrate and the lens pad.
  • the plurality of light sources may include light sources of red (R), green (G), and blue (B).
  • the incidence surface and the first emission surface of the lens pad may be flat, the first emission surface may be flat, and the second emission surface may be curved.
  • the light emitted from the light emitter may have a light emission path that passes through the black matrix substrate and the lens pad sequentially and is emitted to the outside.
  • the thickness of the second lens area decreases as it moves away from the first lens area.
  • the first lens area may be flat, and the second lens area may have a curved shape.
  • the first lens area may cover at least a portion of the black matrix area.
  • the second lens area may be disposed to be spaced apart from another adjacent second lens area by a predetermined space.
  • a display apparatus includes a display module for displaying visual information and a lens unit spaced apart from the display module to enlarge the visual information displayed on the display module, wherein the display module comprises: a TFT substrate; A light emitting part disposed on the TFT substrate, the light emitting part including a plurality of light sources electrically connected to the TFT substrate, and disposed to overlap the light emitting part, and a light emitting area through which light emitted from the plurality of light sources passes; And a black matrix substrate including a black matrix region between the light emitting regions, a first lens region overlapping the black matrix substrate to cover the light emitting region, and the first lens region.
  • a lens pad including a second lens region extending from the second lens region to cover the black mattress region, wherein the second lens region includes at least a portion of the light passing through the black matrix substrate in an upper space of the black matrix; Having a second exit surface that is inclined with respect to a first exit surface of the first lens region so as to be deflected toward It features.
  • the first emission surface may be a flat surface
  • the second emission surface may be a curved surface
  • the grid pattern formed by the black matrix formed in the display module may be hidden by forming the lens pad.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an HMD related to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a grid pattern generated in the conventional HMD.
  • 3 is a view for explaining the principle that the grid pattern occurs in the conventional HMD.
  • FIG. 4A, 4B and 4C are conceptual views illustrating the structure of a display module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5A is a comparative example to describe a case in which a plurality of micro lenses are provided in one pixel.
  • 5B is a view for explaining a path of light in the display module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6A, 6B, and 6C are conceptual views illustrating a structure of a display module according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7A and 7B are schematic diagrams of a display module having a lens pad according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, 8E, and 8F are schematic views illustrating a manufacturing process of a lens pad according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a process of forming a lens pad according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the HMD 100 described in the present specification may include a wearable device (eg, a smart glass).
  • a wearable device eg, a smart glass.
  • the configuration according to the embodiment described in the present specification is a mobile phone, a smart phone, a laptop computer, a digital broadcasting terminal, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and a PMP (except when applicable only to the HMD).
  • PDAs personal digital assistants
  • PMP PMP
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an HMD related to the present invention.
  • the HMD 100 includes a wireless communication unit 110, an input unit 120, a sensing unit 140, an output unit 150, an interface unit 160, a memory 170, a control unit 180, and a power supply unit 190. And the like.
  • the components shown in FIG. 1 are not essential to implementing the HMD, such that the HMD described herein may have more or fewer components than those listed above.
  • the wireless communication unit 110 of the components between the HMD 100 and the wireless communication system, between the HMD 100 and another HMD 100, between the HMD 100 and a mobile or fixed terminal, HMD It may include one or more modules between the 100 and the control device, the wireless communication between the HMD 100 and the camera 121 that is installed outside and capable of wireless communication or between the HMD 100 and an external server. .
  • the wireless communication unit 110 may include one or more modules for connecting the HMD 100 to one or more networks.
  • the wireless communication unit 110 may include at least one of the broadcast receiving module 111, the mobile communication module 112, the wireless internet module 113, the short range communication module 114, and the location information module 115. .
  • the input unit 120 may include a camera 121 or an image input unit for inputting an image signal, a microphone 122 for inputting an audio signal, an audio input unit, or a user input unit 123 for receiving information from a user. , Touch keys, mechanical keys, and the like.
  • the voice data or the image data collected by the input unit 120 may be analyzed and processed as a control command of the user.
  • the sensing unit 140 may include one or more sensors for sensing at least one of information in the HMD, surrounding environment information surrounding the HMD, and user information.
  • the sensing unit 140 may include a proximity sensor 141, an illumination sensor 142, an illumination sensor, a touch sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, and gravity.
  • Optical sensors e.g. cameras 121), microphones (see 122), battery gauges, environmental sensors (e.g.
  • the HMD disclosed herein may use a combination of information sensed by at least two or more of these sensors.
  • the output unit 150 is used to generate an output related to sight, hearing, or tactile sense, and includes at least one of a display unit 151, an audio output unit 152, a hap tip module 153, and an optical output unit 154. can do.
  • the interface unit 160 serves as a path to various types of external devices connected to the HMD 100.
  • the interface unit 160 connects a device equipped with a wired / wireless headset port, an external charger port, a wired / wireless data port, a memory card port, and an identification module. It may include at least one of a port, an audio input / output (I / O) port, a video input / output (I / O) port, and an earphone port.
  • I / O audio input / output
  • I / O video input / output
  • earphone port an earphone port
  • the memory 170 stores data supporting various functions of the HMD 100.
  • the memory 170 may store a plurality of application programs or applications that are driven by the HMD 100, data for operating the HMD 100, and instructions. At least some of these applications may be downloaded from an external server via wireless communication. In addition, at least some of these applications, HMD (the screen information output function such as image, video, etc., call incoming, outgoing function, message reception, outgoing function) for the basic functions of the HMD 100 from the time of shipment from the HMD ( 100).
  • the application program may be stored in the memory 170 and installed on the HMD 100 to be driven by the controller 180 to perform an operation (or function) of the HMD.
  • the controller 180 In addition to the operation related to the application program, the controller 180 typically controls the overall operation of the HMD 100.
  • the controller 180 may provide or process information or a function appropriate to a user by processing signals, data, information, and the like, which are input or output through the above-described components, or by driving an application program stored in the memory 170.
  • controller 180 may control at least some of the components described with reference to FIG. 1 to drive an application program stored in the memory 170. In addition, the controller 180 may operate by combining at least two or more of the components included in the HMD 100 to drive the application program.
  • the power supply unit 190 receives power from an external power source and an internal power source under the control of the controller 180 to supply power to each component included in the HMD 100.
  • the power supply unit 190 includes a battery, which may be a built-in battery or a replaceable battery.
  • At least some of the above components may operate in cooperation with each other to implement an operation, control, or control method of the HMD according to various embodiments described below.
  • the operation, control, or control method of the HMD may be implemented on the HMD by driving at least one application program stored in the memory 170.
  • the broadcast receiving module 111 of the wireless communication unit 110 receives a broadcast signal and / or broadcast related information from an external broadcast management server through a broadcast channel.
  • the broadcast channel may include a satellite channel and a terrestrial channel.
  • Two or more broadcast reception modules may be provided to the HMD 100 for simultaneous broadcast reception or broadcast channel switching for at least two broadcast channels.
  • the broadcast management server may be a server that generates and transmits a broadcast signal and / or broadcast related information or an apparatus that receives a pre-generated broadcast signal and / or broadcast related information and is connected to an HMD or the HMD to control the HMD (eg For example, it may mean a server for transmitting to a control device, a terminal, and the like.
  • the broadcast signal may include not only a TV broadcast signal, a radio broadcast signal, and a data broadcast signal, but also a broadcast signal having a data broadcast signal combined with a TV broadcast signal or a radio broadcast signal.
  • the broadcast signal may be encoded according to at least one of technical standards (or broadcast methods, for example, ISO, IEC, DVB, ATSC, etc.) for transmitting and receiving digital broadcast signals, and the broadcast receiving module 111 may
  • the digital broadcast signal may be received by using a method suitable for the technical standard set by the technical standards.
  • the broadcast associated information may mean information related to a broadcast channel, a broadcast program, or a broadcast service provider.
  • the broadcast related information may also be provided through a mobile communication network. In this case, it may be received by the mobile communication module 112.
  • the broadcast related information may exist in various forms such as an electronic program guide (EPG) of digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) or an electronic service guide (ESG) of digital video broadcast-handheld (DVB-H).
  • EPG electronic program guide
  • ESG electronic service guide
  • the broadcast signal and / or broadcast related information received through the broadcast receiving module 111 may be stored in the memory 170.
  • the mobile communication module 112 may include technical standards or communication schemes (eg, Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), Code Division Multi Access (CDMA), Code Division Multi Access 2000 (CDMA2000), and EV).
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communication
  • CDMA Code Division Multi Access
  • CDMA2000 Code Division Multi Access 2000
  • EV Enhanced Voice-Data Optimized or Enhanced Voice-Data Only (DO), Wideband CDMA (WCDMA), High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-A (Long Term Evolution-Advanced) and the like to transmit and receive a radio signal with at least one of a base station, an external terminal, a server on a mobile communication network.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communication
  • CDMA Code Division Multi Access
  • CDMA2000 Code Division Multi Access 2000
  • EV Enhanced Voice-Data Optimized or Enhanced Voice-Data Only (DO)
  • WCDMA Wideband CDMA
  • HSDPA High
  • the wireless signal may include various types of data according to transmission and reception of a voice call signal, a video call call signal, or a text / multimedia message.
  • the wireless internet module 113 refers to a module for wireless internet access and may be embedded or external to the HMD 100.
  • the wireless internet module 113 is configured to transmit and receive wireless signals in a communication network according to wireless internet technologies.
  • wireless Internet technologies include Wireless LAN (WLAN), Wireless-Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) Direct, Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA), Wireless Broadband (WiBro), and WiMAX (World).
  • the wireless Internet module 113 for performing a wireless Internet access through the mobile communication network 113 May be understood as a kind of mobile communication module 112.
  • the short range communication module 114 is for short range communication, and includes Bluetooth TM, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Infrared Data Association (IrDA), Ultra Wideband (UWB), ZigBee, and NFC. (Near Field Communication), at least one of Wi-Fi (Wireless-Fidelity), Wi-Fi Direct, Wireless USB (Wireless Universal Serial Bus) technology can be used to support short-range communication.
  • the short-range communication module 114 may be moved or fixed with the HMD 100 between the HMD 100 and the wireless communication system, between the HMD 100 and another HMD 100, and through a wireless area network.
  • the short range wireless communication network may be short range wireless personal area networks.
  • the HMD is a device capable of exchanging data (or interworking) with the HMD 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention (eg, a mobile phone, a smart phone, a smart watch). (smartwatch, notebook computer, controller, etc.).
  • the short range communication module 114 may detect (or recognize) a device that can communicate with the HMD 100 around the HMD 100. Further, when the detected device is a device authenticated to communicate with the HMD 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller 180 is processed in the HMD 100 through the short range communication module 114. At least a portion of data may be transmitted to the device, and at least a portion of data processed by the device may be transmitted to the HMD 100.
  • a user of the HMD 100 may use data processed by the device through the HMD 100. For example, according to this, the user performs a phone call through the HMD 100 when the device receives a call, or confirms the received message via the HMD 100 when the device receives a message. It is possible.
  • the location information module 115 is a module for obtaining the location (or current location) of the HMD, and a representative example thereof may be a Global Positioning System (GPS) module or a Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) module.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity
  • the HMD can acquire the position of the HMD using a signal transmitted from a GPS satellite.
  • the HMD may acquire the location of the HMD based on information of the wireless access point (AP) transmitting or receiving the Wi-Fi module and the radio signal.
  • the location information module 115 may perform any function of other modules of the wireless communication unit 110 to substitute or additionally obtain data regarding the location of the HMD.
  • the location information module 115 is a module used to acquire the location (or current location) of the HMD, and is not limited to a module that directly calculates or obtains the location of the HMD.
  • the input unit 120 is for inputting image information (or signal), audio information (or signal), data, or information input from a user, and for inputting image information, the HMD 100 is one or more.
  • a plurality of cameras 121 may be provided.
  • the camera 121 processes image frames such as still images or moving images obtained by the image sensor in the video call mode or the photographing mode.
  • the processed image frame may be displayed on the display unit 151 or stored in the memory 170.
  • the plurality of cameras 121 provided in the HMD 100 may be arranged to form a matrix structure, and the plurality of cameras 121 having the various angles or focuses to the HMD 100 through the camera 121 forming the matrix structure.
  • Image information of may be input.
  • the plurality of cameras 121 may be arranged in a stereo structure to acquire a left image and a right image for implementing a stereoscopic image.
  • the microphone 122 processes external sound signals into electrical voice data.
  • the processed voice data may be utilized in various ways depending on the function (or running application program) being performed in the HMD 100. Meanwhile, various noise reduction algorithms may be implemented in the microphone 122 to remove noise generated in the process of receiving an external sound signal.
  • the user input unit 123 is for receiving information from a user. When information is input through the user input unit 123, the controller 180 may control an operation of the HMD 100 to correspond to the input information.
  • the user input unit 123 may be a mechanical input unit (or a mechanical key, for example, a button, a dome switch, a jog wheel, a jog, located at the front / rear or side of the HMD 100). Switch, etc.) and touch input means.
  • the touch input means may be at least one of a touch pad and a touch panel.
  • the sensing unit 140 senses at least one of information in the HMD, surrounding environment information surrounding the HMD, and user information, and generates a sensing signal corresponding thereto.
  • the controller 180 may control driving or operation of the HMD 100 or perform data processing, function or operation related to an application program installed in the HMD 100 based on the sensing signal. Representative sensors among various sensors that may be included in the sensing unit 140 will be described in more detail.
  • the proximity sensor 141 refers to a sensor that detects the presence or absence of an object approaching a predetermined detection surface or an object present in the vicinity without using a mechanical contact by using an electromagnetic force or infrared rays.
  • the proximity sensor 141 may be disposed at an inner region of the HMD covered by the touch screen as described above or near the touch screen.
  • the proximity sensor 141 examples include a transmission photoelectric sensor, a direct reflection photoelectric sensor, a mirror reflection photoelectric sensor, a high frequency oscillation proximity sensor, a capacitive proximity sensor, a magnetic proximity sensor, and an infrared proximity sensor.
  • the proximity sensor 141 may be configured to detect the proximity of the object by the change of the electric field according to the proximity of the conductive object.
  • the user input unit 123 itself may be classified as a proximity sensor.
  • the proximity sensor 141 may detect a proximity touch and a proximity touch pattern (for example, a proximity touch distance, a proximity touch direction, a proximity touch speed, a proximity touch time, a proximity touch position, and a proximity touch movement state). have.
  • the controller 180 processes data (or information) corresponding to the proximity touch operation and the proximity touch pattern detected through the proximity sensor 141 as described above, and further, provides visual information corresponding to the processed data. It can be output on the display unit 151. Furthermore, the controller 180 may control the HMD 100 to process different operations or data (or information) according to whether the touch on the same point on the user input unit 123 is a proximity touch or a touch touch. Can be.
  • the touch sensor senses a touch (or touch input) applied to the user input unit 123 using at least one of various touch methods such as a resistive film type, a capacitive type, an infrared type, an ultrasonic type, and a magnetic field type.
  • the touch sensor may be configured to convert a change in pressure applied to a specific portion of the user input unit 123 or capacitance generated at a specific portion into an electrical input signal.
  • the touch sensor may be configured to detect a position, an area, a pressure at the touch, a capacitance at the touch, and the like, when the touch object applying the touch on the user input unit 123 is touched on the touch sensor.
  • the touch object is an object applying a touch to the touch sensor and may be, for example, a finger, a touch pen or a stylus pen, a pointer, or the like.
  • the touch controller processes the signal (s) and then transmits the corresponding data to the controller 180.
  • the controller 180 can determine which area of the user input unit 123 is touched.
  • the touch controller may be a separate component from the controller 180 or may be the controller 180 itself.
  • the controller 180 may perform different control or perform the same control according to the type of the touch object, which touches the user input unit 123. Whether to perform different control or the same control according to the type of touch object may be determined according to the operation state of the current HMD 100 or an application program being executed.
  • the touch sensor and the proximity sensor described above may be independently or combined, and may be a short (or tap) touch, a long touch, a multi touch, or a drag touch on the user input unit 123. (drag touch), flick touch, pinch-in touch, pinch-out touch, swipe touch, hovering touch, etc. Various types of touch can be sensed.
  • the ultrasonic sensor may recognize location information of a sensing object using ultrasonic waves.
  • the controller 180 can calculate the position of the wave generation source through the information detected from the optical sensor and the plurality of ultrasonic sensors.
  • the position of the wave source can be calculated using the property that the light is much faster than the ultrasonic wave, that is, the time that the light reaches the optical sensor is much faster than the time when the ultrasonic wave reaches the ultrasonic sensor. More specifically, the position of the wave generation source may be calculated using a time difference from the time when the ultrasonic wave reaches the light as the reference signal.
  • the camera 121 which has been described as the configuration of the input unit 120, includes at least one of a camera sensor (eg, CCD, CMOS, etc.), a photo sensor (or an image sensor), and a laser sensor.
  • a camera sensor eg, CCD, CMOS, etc.
  • a photo sensor or an image sensor
  • a laser sensor e.g., a laser sensor
  • the camera 121 and the laser sensor may be combined with each other to detect a touch of a sensing object with respect to a 3D stereoscopic image.
  • the photo sensor may be stacked on the display element, which is configured to scan the movement of the sensing object in proximity to the touch screen. More specifically, the photo sensor mounts a photo diode and a transistor (TR) in a row / column and scans contents mounted on the photo sensor by using an electrical signal that varies according to the amount of light applied to the photo diode. That is, the photo sensor calculates coordinates of the sensing object according to the amount of light change, and thus, the position information of the sensing object can be obtained.
  • TR transistor
  • the display unit 151 displays (outputs) information processed by the HMD 100.
  • the display unit 151 may display execution screen information of an application program driven by the HMD 100 or user interface (UI) and graphical user interface (GUI) information according to the execution screen information.
  • UI user interface
  • GUI graphical user interface
  • the display unit 151 may be configured as a stereoscopic display unit for displaying a stereoscopic image.
  • the stereoscopic display unit may be a three-dimensional display method such as a stereoscopic method (glasses method), an auto stereoscopic method (glasses-free method), a projection method (holographic method).
  • a 3D stereoscopic image is composed of a left image (left eye image) and a right image (right eye image).
  • a top-down method in which the left and right images are arranged up and down in one frame according to the way in which the left and right images are merged into three-dimensional stereoscopic images.
  • L-to-R (left-to-right, side by side) method to be arranged as a checker board method to arrange the pieces of the left and right images in the form of tiles, a column unit of the left and right images Or an interlaced method of alternately arranging rows, and a time sequential (frame by frame) method of alternately displaying left and right images by time.
  • the 3D thumbnail image may generate a left image thumbnail and a right image thumbnail from the left image and the right image of the original image frame, respectively, and may be generated as one image as they are combined.
  • a thumbnail refers to a reduced image or a reduced still image.
  • the left image thumbnail and the right image thumbnail generated as described above are displayed with a left and right distance difference on the screen by a depth corresponding to the parallax of the left image and the right image, thereby representing a three-dimensional space.
  • the left image and the right image necessary for implementing the 3D stereoscopic image may be displayed on the stereoscopic display by the stereoscopic processing unit.
  • the stereoscopic processing unit receives 3D images (images of the base view and images of the extended view) and sets left and right images therefrom, or receives 2D images and converts them into left and right images.
  • the sound output unit 152 may output audio data received from the wireless communication unit 110 or stored in the memory 170 in a call signal reception, a call mode or a recording mode, a voice recognition mode, a broadcast reception mode, and the like.
  • the sound output unit 152 may also output a sound signal related to a function (eg, a call signal reception sound, a message reception sound, etc.) performed by the HMD 100.
  • the sound output unit 152 may include a receiver, a speaker, a buzzer, and the like.
  • the haptic module 153 generates various haptic effects that a user can feel.
  • a representative example of the tactile effect generated by the haptic module 153 may be vibration.
  • the intensity and pattern of vibration generated by the haptic module 153 may be controlled by the user's selection or the setting of the controller. For example, the haptic module 153 may synthesize different vibrations and output or sequentially output them.
  • the haptic module 153 may be used to stimulate pins that vertically move with respect to the contact skin surface, jetting force or suction force of air through the jetting or suction port, grazing to the skin surface, contact of electrodes, and electrostatic force.
  • Various tactile effects can be generated, such as effects by the endothermic and the reproduction of a sense of cold using the elements capable of endotherm or heat generation.
  • the haptic module 153 may not only deliver a tactile effect through direct contact, but also may allow a user to feel a tactile effect through a muscle sense such as a head, a face, a finger or an arm.
  • the haptic module 153 may be provided with two or more according to the configuration aspect of the HMD (100).
  • the light output unit 154 outputs a signal for notifying occurrence of an event by using light of a light source of the HMD 100.
  • Examples of events generated by the HMD 100 may include message reception, call signal reception, missed call, alarm, schedule notification, email reception, information reception through an application, and output of an image (image, video, etc.). That is, the optical output unit 154 may serve to inform that the HMD 100 is performing a specific operation (function) by the user.
  • the signal output from the light output unit 154 is implemented as the HMD emits light of a single color or a plurality of colors to the front or the rear.
  • the signal output may be terminated by the HMD detecting the user's event confirmation, or may be terminated based on the end of the operation being performed in the HMD.
  • the interface unit 160 serves as a path with all external devices connected to the HMD 100.
  • the interface unit 160 receives data from an external device, receives power, transfers the power to each component inside the HMD 100, or transmits data inside the HMD 100 to an external device.
  • the port, audio input / output (I / O) port, video input / output (I / O) port, earphone port, etc. may be included in the interface unit 160.
  • the identification module is a chip that stores a variety of information for authenticating the usage rights of the HMD 100, a user identification module (UIM), subscriber identity module (SIM), universal user authentication module It may include a universal subscriber identity module (USIM) and the like.
  • a device equipped with an identification module (hereinafter referred to as an 'identification device') may be manufactured in the form of a smart card. Therefore, the identification device may be connected to the terminal 100 through the interface unit 160.
  • the interface unit 160 may be a passage for supplying power from the cradle to the HMD 100 when the HMD 100 is connected to an external cradle, or various commands input from the cradle by a user.
  • the signal may be a passage through which the HMD 100 is transmitted.
  • Various command signals or power input from the cradle may operate as signals for recognizing that the HMD 100 is correctly mounted on the cradle.
  • the memory 170 may store a program for the operation of the controller 180 and may temporarily store input / output data (for example, a phone book, a message, a still image, a video, etc.).
  • the memory 170 may store data regarding vibration and sound of various patterns output when a touch input on the touch screen is performed.
  • the memory 170 may include a flash memory type, a hard disk type, a solid state disk type, an SSD type, a silicon disk drive type, and a multimedia card micro type. ), Card-type memory (e.g., SD or XD memory), random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read It may include at least one type of storage medium of -only memory (PROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), magnetic memory, magnetic disk and optical disk.
  • the HMD 100 may be operated in connection with a web storage that performs a storage function of the memory 170 on the Internet.
  • the controller 180 controls the operation related to the application program, and typically the overall operation of the HMD (100). For example, if the state of the HMD satisfies the set condition, the controller 180 may execute or release a lock state that restricts input of a user's control command to applications.
  • controller 180 may perform control and processing related to a voice call, data communication, video call, or the like, or may recognize a writing input or a drawing input performed on the user input unit 123 as text and images, respectively. The process can be performed. Further, the controller 180 may control any one or a plurality of components described above in order to implement various embodiments described below on the HMD 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power supply unit 190 receives an external power source and an internal power source under the control of the controller 180 to supply power for operation of each component.
  • the power supply unit 190 includes a battery, and the battery may be a built-in battery configured to be rechargeable, and may be detachably coupled to the HMD body for charging.
  • the power supply unit 190 may be provided with a connection port, the connection port may be configured as an example of the interface 160 is electrically connected to the external charger for supplying power for charging the battery.
  • the power supply unit 190 may be configured to charge the battery in a wireless manner without using the connection port.
  • the power supply unit 190 uses one or more of an inductive coupling based on a magnetic induction phenomenon or a magnetic resonance coupling based on an electromagnetic resonance phenomenon from an external wireless power transmitter. Power can be delivered.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an enlarged view of a black matrix BM of a conventional display module 151.
  • a screen displayed when a fine black matrix BM is enlarged by a lens.
  • the lines that intersect perpendicular to the are shown in a lattice pattern. This is a phenomenon in which a grid between pixels is recognized when the display module 151 ′ of the portable electronic device is enlarged through the lens unit 80 to view an image, which is called a screen door effect phenomenon.
  • FIG. 3 is a view for explaining a phenomenon in which a conventional grid pattern is visually recognized.
  • a description will be given with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the phenomenon is a phenomenon in which the black matrix of the gate electrode 51 and the data electrode 52 stands out in the form of a net as a whole through the lens unit 80.
  • a backlight unit 70 (BLU) is disposed at a rear side of a conventional general display module 151 ′, particularly an LCD, and light emitted from the backlight unit 70 passes through the liquid crystal layer 40. Then, it passes through the color filters 21, 22, and 23 and is visually recognized by the user's eyes.
  • the black matrix 30 is positioned between the color filters 21, 22, and 23, and the light emitted from the backlight unit 70 is absorbed by the black matrix 30. Therefore, the light not passing through the black matrix 30 is visually recognized in the colors of R, G, and B, and the light directed toward the black matrix 30 does not reach the eyes of the user. Will be.
  • FIG. 4A, 4B, and 4C are conceptual views illustrating the structure of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the display module according to the present invention includes a backlight unit 410, a first polarizing plate 420, a TFT substrate 430, a liquid crystal panel 440, and a color filter substrate. 450, a second polarizer 460, and a lens pad 470.
  • the backlight unit 410 may be formed to emit light, and the first polarizer 420 may be overlapped with the backlight unit 410.
  • the TFT substrate 430 is disposed above the first polarizing plate 420, and the TFT electrodes are arranged.
  • the liquid crystal panel 440 is formed on the TFT substrate 420, and receives power through the first polarizing plate 420 through electric connection with a TFT electrode arranged on the TFT substrate 420. Can generate an image.
  • a color filter 450a of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) is disposed on the color filter substrate 450 so as to overlap the liquid crystal panel 440 and is arranged with a predetermined separation space therebetween. And a black matrix 450b disposed in the separation space.
  • the color filters 450a of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) are sequentially sequential to form a color filter pattern. Light passing through each of the color filters 450a of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) forms a subpixel, and the color filters 450a of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) Red light, green light, and blue light passing through) form a pixel.
  • the black matrix 450b is disposed between the color filters 450a of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) to improve contrast, and the black matrix 450b provides contrast of contrast. Can be improved.
  • the black matrix 450b is a light shielding area for preventing light leakage and is formed on the color filter substrate 450 at regular intervals, and is generally a color of red (R), green (G), and blue (B).
  • the filter 450a is distinguished from each other, and is made of a photosensitive inorganic material to which black pigment is added.
  • black pigment carbon black, titanium oxide, etc. are used, for example.
  • the color filter 450a is formed by alternately arranging color filter patterns of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) between the black matrices 450b.
  • the irradiated light passes through the liquid crystal panel 440 to impart color.
  • the color filter 450a is usually made of a photosensitive inorganic material.
  • a black matrix 450b is formed on the color pattern substrate 450 of the display module 151 to prevent light leakage.
  • the second polarizer 460 is disposed to overlap the color filter substrate.
  • the first and second polarizers 420 and 460 may be disposed at both sides with the liquid crystal panel 440 therebetween. Further, the first polarizer 420 may be disposed at any position as long as it is disposed between the liquid crystal panel 440 and the backlight unit 410.
  • the lens pad 470 may be disposed on the second polarizer 460 to cover each of the red, green, and blue color filters 450a and the first lens area 470a.
  • the second lens region 470b may extend to cover at least a portion of the black matrix 450b.
  • the second lens region 470b is configured such that at least a portion of the light passing through the color filter substrate 470 is refracted toward the upper space of the black matrix 450b. It is made to have a second exit surface inclined with respect to the first exit surface of. As illustrated, the emission surface (first emission surface) of the first lens region 470a may be flat, and the emission surface (second emission surface) of the second lens region 470b may be curved.
  • an incident surface of the lens pad 470 facing the second polarizer 460 may be a plane.
  • the thickness of the second lens area 470b decreases as it moves away from the first lens area 470a, so that the first lens area 470a is flat and the second lens area 470b is flat. It may have a curved shape.
  • the first lens region 470a may be formed to cover at least a portion of the black matrix 450b.
  • the second lens area may be disposed with a predetermined spaced distance between another neighboring second lens area.
  • the light emitted from the backlight unit 410 may include the first polarizer 420, the liquid crystal panel 440, the color filter 450, the second polarizer 460, and the lens pad 470. It has a light emission path that passes through and is emitted to the outside.
  • the display module when the display module according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided in the head mounted display 100, the display module exists between pixels in the display module 151 such as an OLED or LCD. As the black matrix is enlarged by the lens 480 provided in the head mounted display 100, the phenomenon of being visible to the user can be improved.
  • the black matrix 450b may be hidden by the user's eyes. .
  • the lens pad 470 forms a Micro Lens Array Pattern.
  • the Micro Lens Pad By forming the Micro Lens Pad on the upper side of the display module 151, the original image without deterioration of the lattice pattern and deterioration of image quality is maintained as it is. I could acknowledge it.
  • a sheet may be inserted between the lens unit 470 and the display module 151.
  • the size of the lens unit 470 and the display module 151 may be
  • the grid pattern disappears, but the overall image quality is deteriorated. In other words, the image itself may be blurred and the brightness may be degraded, and the image quality may be degraded.
  • the lens pad 470 has a center area flat and both ends thereof are curved downward toward the upper substrate 220.
  • the lens pad 470 may be curved from an area that does not overlap the color filter 450a. That is, the lens pad 470 is disposed at the outermost part of the display module 151 and is formed to be inclined downward and rounded.
  • FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating a case where a plurality of micro lenses are provided in one pixel as a comparative example
  • FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating a path of light in the display module 151 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Drawing.
  • a micro lens array (MLA) film 26 having a micro lens 25 is attached to a substrate 24 so that light traveling from bottom to top is refracted.
  • MLA micro lens array
  • a problem may occur in which the screen may be blurred by light scattering. That is, in FIG. 5A, the light of the R1 region is unnecessary refracted light, and the light of the R2 region is the desired refracted light, and the grid pattern is not visible by the light of the R2 region.
  • the transmissive area A1 in the transmissive area A1, light passing through the color filter 450a is directed toward the front to be visible to the user's eyes, and in the black matrix area A2, the light is passed above the black matrix 450b.
  • the black matrix 230 is not visible when viewed from the front of the black matrix area A2 by the lens pad 470 that is positioned and curved.
  • the lens pads 470 are formed to correspond to the color filters 450a, respectively, and the black matrix regions in which the light passing through the respective color filters 450a are disposed adjacent to each other ( Refracted by A2).
  • the display module 151 may be an LCD.
  • a backlight unit 410 is provided below the lower substrate TFT, and the upper substrate 450 and the TFT on the color filter substrate are provided.
  • the liquid crystal panel 440 may be further included between the substrates 430.
  • the display module 151 may be an OLED.
  • the backlight unit as described above with reference to FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C, becomes unnecessary, and further, at least one of the first and second polarizers may not be provided. Can be. As a result, in the case of OLED, the thickness of the display module is reduced.
  • 6A, 6B, and 6C are conceptual views illustrating a structure of a display module according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the display module includes a TFT substrate 510, a light emitting part (or a light source part 520), a black matrix substrate 530, and a lens.
  • the pad 550 may be included.
  • a polarizer 540 may be further disposed.
  • the polarizing plate 540 exists to prevent light from being reflected out of the display panel in a bright place, and in the case of the HMD 100 which does not require such visibility, the polarizing plate may not exist (FIG. 6c).
  • the light source unit 520 includes a plurality of light sources disposed on the TFT substrate and electrically connected to the TFT substrate.
  • the black matrix substrate 530 is disposed to overlap the light source unit 520 or the light emission unit, and includes a light emission area 530a through which the light emitted from the plurality of light sources passes.
  • the black matrix region 530b may include a black matrix between 530a.
  • the light source unit 520 may be formed of a white light source (or a white light source), and in this case, the black matrix substrate 530 may further include a color filter.
  • the light source unit 520 is a white light source, color filters of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) may be sequentially disposed in the light emission area 530a.
  • the light source unit 520 may be formed of red, green, and blue light sources, and in this case, the color filter may not be included.
  • the light source unit 520 may include a blue light source (blue light source), and in this case, a color filter for converting the blue light source into red light and green light may be provided.
  • a blue light source blue light source
  • a color filter for converting the blue light source into red light and green light may be provided.
  • the black matrix provided in the black matrix area 530b is disposed between the color filters 450a of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) to improve contrast, and the black matrix is contrasted. To improve the contrast.
  • the black matrix is a light shielding area for preventing light leakage, and is formed on the black matrix substrate 530 at regular intervals, and is generally provided between the light emitting areas 530a to provide red (R) light, Mixing of green (G) light and blue (B) light can be prevented.
  • the black matrix consists of a photosensitive inorganic material with black pigment added.
  • black pigment carbon black, titanium oxide, etc. are used, for example.
  • the display module according to the present invention may be implemented flexibly, in this case, the black matrix may be made of an organic material.
  • the color filter 450a is formed by alternately arranging color filter patterns of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) between the black matrices 450b.
  • the irradiated light passes through the liquid crystal panel 440 to impart color.
  • the color filter 450a is usually made of a photosensitive inorganic material.
  • a black matrix 450b is formed on the color pattern substrate 450 of the display module 151 to prevent light leakage.
  • the lens pad 550 extends from the first lens region 550a formed to cover each of the light emission regions 530a and the first lens region 550a, and includes at least a portion of the black matrix region 530b.
  • the second lens region 550b may cover the gap.
  • the lens pad 550 may be disposed on the polarizer 540.
  • the lens pad 550 may be disposed on the black matrix substrate 530.
  • the display module according to the present invention may further include an encap layer.
  • the lens pad 550 is different from the encap layer. Can be deployed.
  • the black matrix substrate 530, the encap layer, and the lens pad 550 may be stacked in this order.
  • the second lens region 550b is configured such that at least a part of the light passing through the light emitting region 530a is refracted toward the upper space of the black matrix or the black matrix region 530b. 1, the second emission surface inclined with respect to the first emission surface of the lens region 550a.
  • the emission surface (first emission surface) of the first lens region 550a may be flat, and the emission surface (second emission surface) of the second lens region 550b may be curved.
  • the incident surface of the lens pad 550 may be a plane.
  • the thickness of the second lens area 550b decreases as it moves away from the first lens area 550a, so that the first lens area 550a is flat and the second lens area 550b is flat. It may have a curved shape.
  • the first lens region 550a may be formed to cover at least a portion of the black matrix region 530b.
  • the second lens area 550b may be disposed with a predetermined distance from another adjacent second lens area.
  • the light emitting path 520 sequentially passes through the black matrix substrate 530 and the lens pad 550 and is emitted to the outside.
  • the display module when the display module according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided in the head mounted display 100, the display module exists between pixels in the display module 151 such as an OLED or LCD. As the black matrix is enlarged by the lens 480 provided in the head mounted display 100, the phenomenon of being visible to the user can be improved.
  • the lens pad is curved in the black matrix area, that is, the edge part.
  • desired refractive light That is, the black matrix region is not shown optically by refracting the light lost from the side of the color filter through the lens pad to form the front surface. This can be applied regardless of the lens type and can be applied without degrading the basic quality of the display module 151.
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B are partial conceptual views of an OLED structure and an LCD structure including a lens pad according to an embodiment of the present invention, which will be described below with reference to FIGS. 7A and 7B.
  • FIG. 7A illustrates an asymmetric structure of a blue pixel B as an OLED structure
  • FIG. 7B illustrates an LCD structure including white pixels W.
  • the red pixel R, the green pixel G, the blue pixel B, and the white pixel W are spaced apart from each other, and each pixel R, G, B,
  • respective lens pads 291, 292, 293, and 294 are disposed on the respective pixels R, G, B, and W. As shown in FIG. Therefore, all can be applied regardless of the specific pixel structure.
  • OLEDs generally have a large black matrix structure with an aperture ratio of less than about 20% compared to LCDs, so that even if the screen size is increased and a low magnification lens is used, the lattice pattern of the OLEDs is more visible than LCDs. Therefore, OLED can be said to be more effective for improving visibility than LCD.
  • FIG. 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, 8E, and 8F are schematic views illustrating a manufacturing process of a lens pad according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention. The flowchart of the formation process of the lens pad is accordingly.
  • a photoresist is coated on the inorganic thin film 132 (S110).
  • the inorganic thin film 132 may be, for example, transparent glass, and formed to a thickness of about 2 ⁇ m to about 5 ⁇ m.
  • an exposure (UV exposure) S120 for exposing to ultraviolet rays is performed.
  • the exposure (S120) process may perform a back or front exposure.
  • 8B illustrates backside exposure.
  • development S130 is performed.
  • the photoresist 131 in the region overlapping the black matrix 133 is removed by the developing process.
  • the photoresist 131 is melted (S140).
  • the inorganic thin film 131 is turned into an inorganic lens by a photoresist melting process S140.
  • both ends of the inorganic thin film 131 is formed to be curved.
  • dry etching (S150) by plasma ions is performed.
  • Both ends of the inorganic lens 131 are refined more precisely by the dry etching (S150) process.
  • a post treatment process S160 is performed to improve surface roughness.
  • the manufacturing process of the lens pad 290 is not limited thereto, and the lens pad 290 may be formed by a mold method, a gravure offset method, or the like.
  • the display module 151 described above may be mounted and used in the HMD 100.
  • the HMD 100 has a lens disposed on the front surface of the display module 151, and may be used as described above.
  • the grid pattern formed by the black matrix formed in the display module may be hidden by forming the lens pad.
  • the present invention described above can be embodied as computer readable codes on a medium in which a program is recorded.
  • the computer-readable medium includes all kinds of recording devices in which data that can be read by a computer system is stored. Examples of computer-readable media include hard disk drives (HDDs), solid state disks (SSDs), silicon disk drives (SDDs), ROMs, RAMs, CD-ROMs, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, optical data storage devices, and the like. This also includes implementations in the form of carrier waves (eg, transmission over the Internet).
  • the computer may include the controller 180 of the terminal. Accordingly, the above detailed description should not be construed as limiting in all aspects and should be considered as illustrative. The scope of the invention should be determined by reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all changes within the equivalent scope of the invention are included in the scope of the invention.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)

Abstract

Un module d'affichage selon la présente invention comprend : une unité de rétroéclairage formée de façon à émettre de la lumière; une première plaque de polarisation agencée de façon à chevaucher l'unité de rétroéclairage; un substrat TFT disposé au niveau de la partie supérieure de la première plaque polarisante et comprenant une électrode TFT alignée sur celui-ci; un panneau à cristaux liquides formé sur le substrat TFT, et générer une image en utilisant la lumière traversant la première plaque polarisante; un substrat de filtre coloré agencé de façon à chevaucher le panneau à cristaux liquides et comprenant du rouge (R), du vert (G) et du bleu (B) des filtres de couleur alignés avec des espaces d'intervalle prédéterminés entre eux et une matrice noire agencée dans les espaces d'intervalle; et une seconde plaque de polarisation agencée de façon à chevaucher le substrat de filtre de couleur; et un coussinet de lentille disposé sur la seconde plaque de polarisation et comprenant une première région de lentille, qui est formée de manière à recouvrir chacun des filtres de couleur rouge, vert et bleu, et une seconde région de lentille, qui s'étend à partir de la première région de lentille de façon à recouvrir au moins une partie de la matrice noire, la seconde région de lentille ayant une seconde surface d'émission de lumière inclinée par rapport à une première surface d'émission de lumière de la première région de lentille de telle sorte qu'au moins une partie de la lumière traversant le substrat de filtre coloré est réfractée vers l'espace supérieur de la matrice noire.
PCT/KR2016/010992 2016-09-30 2016-09-30 Module d'affichage et un visiocasque le comprenant WO2018062593A1 (fr)

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CN114594629B (zh) * 2022-04-15 2023-12-08 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 指纹识别显示面板及装置

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