WO2018062148A1

WO2018062148A1 - Modeling material, three-dimensional model, method for producing modeling material, and method for producing three-dimensional model

Info

Publication number: WO2018062148A1
Application number: PCT/JP2017/034684
Authority: WO
Inventors: 冨澤　秀樹; 橋本　斉和; 木戸　健夫
Original assignee: 富士フイルム株式会社
Priority date: 2016-09-29
Filing date: 2017-09-26
Publication date: 2018-04-05

Abstract

Provided are: a sheet-like modeling material which is provided with a plurality of lenses and has excellent production efficiency, while being suppressed in cracking and excessive deformation of the lenses during the forming process; a three-dimensional model which is obtained from this modeling material; a method for producing this modeling material; and a method for producing this three-dimensional model. A modeling material (10, 110, 120) according to the present invention is formed into a sheet, and is provided with a light-transmitting sheet (11) that is formed from a first thermoplastic resin and a lens part (12, 112, 122, 142, 142, 152) that is formed from a second thermoplastic resin. The lens part (12, 112, 122, 142, 142, 152) is provided with a plurality of lenses (17, 117, 127). If Tfa is the deflection temperature under load of the first thermoplastic resin and Tfb is the deflection temperature under load of the second thermoplastic resin, Tfa/Tfb is within the range of from 0.65 to 0.95 (inclusive).

Description

Modeling material, three-dimensional modeled object, and manufacturing method thereof

The present invention relates to a modeling material, a three-dimensional modeled object, and a manufacturing method thereof.

There is a decorative film as a way to enhance or differentiate the design of automobile interiors or the appearance of electrical appliances. Many decorative films have a pattern printed on a film base material, but such decorative films have limitations in expressiveness or variety of expressions.

A technique is known that uses a sheet in which a large number of protrusion lenses are arranged in parallel in order to improve expressiveness or expressive diversity. For example, it is possible to observe a variable-view image (changing image) or a stereoscopic image (stereoscopic image) using a lenticular sheet in which a large number of semi-cylindrical so-called cylindrical lenses are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction. There is a technology. This is an arrangement in which stripe images obtained by dividing a left viewpoint image and a right viewpoint image taken from two left and right viewpoints into stripes are alternately arranged on the back side, which is the flat lens surface side of the lenticular sheet, Two adjacent stripe images are positioned on the flat lens surface of one cylindrical lens. When a stereoscopic image is formed, the left eye and the right eye observe the stereoscopic image by observing the left viewpoint image and the right viewpoint image with parallax through the respective cylindrical lenses. can do. When an image for variable viewing is formed, the observed pattern is switched by the movement of the observation point, that is, the change in the viewing angle.

The lenticular sheet is also used as a material of a molded body having a three-dimensional shape, that is, a modeling material. For example, a three-dimensional lenticular has been proposed as a molded body in which a lenticular sheet having a printed layer formed on the back surface is molded into the same shape as a part of the toy body and is attached to a part of the surface of the toy body. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). In addition, for example, a three-dimensional shape is provided with a decorative film in which the thermal deformation temperature of the material constituting the cylindrical lens provided on one sheet surface of the transparent sheet is 50 ° C. higher than the thermal deformation temperature of the material constituting the transparent sheet. A decorative product as a molded body is also proposed (for example, see Patent Document 2). As a material for the cylindrical lens of the decorative product, an ultraviolet ray or an electron beam curable acrylic resin is most suitable. Further, as this decorative product, a product provided with a layer formed from ABS resin (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer) is described.

In addition, a transparent or translucent thermoplastic resin sheet having a concavo-convex shape and a thermoplastic resin layer formed of a thermoplastic resin so as to fill the concave portion of the thermoplastic resin sheet are provided on the concavo-convex shape surface. A decorative molding decorative sheet on which an image is formed has been proposed as a modeling material (see, for example, Patent Document 3). The transparent or translucent thermoplastic resin sheet is formed of a thermoplastic resin having a deflection temperature under load of 1.80 MPa in the range of 120 ° C. or higher and 160 ° C. or lower. Prevents the disappearance of And said uneven | corrugated shape is formed by pressing an embossing board or an embossing roll from the surface in which the image is formed.

JP 2005-131261 A Special table 2016-508084 gazette JP 2014-162126 A

However, the lenticular sheet used for molding in Patent Document 1 and the decorative film of Patent Document 2 may cause the lens to crack and / or excessively deform in the molding process depending on the three-dimensional shape of the target molded body. . Moreover, the decorative film of patent document 2 forms the lens by application | coating and hardening of said curable acrylic resin, Therefore It cannot be said that manufacturing efficiency is good.

As described above, the decorative sheet for decorative molding in Patent Document 3 is uneven by pressing from the surface on which the image is formed even if the uneven shape formed inside the sheet is maintained in the subsequent forming process. Since the shape is formed, the positional correspondence between the image and the uneven shape is not precise. Therefore, the decorative molding decorative sheet is desired to be improved as a material of a molded body for uses requiring high accuracy.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a sheet-shaped modeling material in which a plurality of lenses are arranged, which is excellent in manufacturing efficiency and suppresses cracking and excessive deformation of the lens in the molding process, and a three-dimensional modeled object obtained from the modeling material And a method for manufacturing the same.

The modeling material of the present invention has a sheet shape including a light transmissive sheet and a lens portion, and a plurality of lenses arranged. The sheet is formed from a first thermoplastic resin. The lens portion is provided on one sheet surface of the sheet, includes the plurality of lenses, and is formed of a second thermoplastic resin different from the first thermoplastic resin. When the deflection temperature under load of the first thermoplastic resin is Tfa and the deflection temperature under load of the second thermoplastic resin is Tfb, the ratio obtained by Tfa / Tfb is within the range of 0.65 to 0.95. is there.

The lens is preferably a ridge, and the lens portion is preferably arranged with a plurality of the above-mentioned lenses in parallel.

The first thermoplastic resin and the second thermoplastic resin are preferably acrylic resins.

The thickness of the sheet is preferably in the range of 50 μm to 400 μm.

It is preferable to provide an image forming unit provided on the other sheet surface of the sheet and having an image formed thereon. It is preferable to provide a protective layer provided on the surface of the image forming portion opposite to the sheet and formed from a third thermoplastic resin. The third thermoplastic resin is preferably an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

The three-dimensional structure of the present invention includes a light transmissive sheet, a lens portion, and a structure body. The sheet has a curved sheet surface and is formed of a first thermoplastic resin. The lens portion is provided on one of the sheet surfaces of the sheet so as to be curved along the curved surface, is formed of the second thermoplastic resin, and a plurality of lenses are disposed. The modeled object main body is disposed on the other sheet surface side of the sheet, and has a thickness of at least 0.5 mm. When the deflection temperature under load of the first thermoplastic resin is Tfa and the deflection temperature under load of the second thermoplastic resin is Tfb, the ratio obtained by Tfa / Tfb is within the range of 0.65 to 0.95. is there.

The lens of the three-dimensional structure is preferably a ridge, and it is preferable that a plurality of lenses are arranged in parallel in the lens portion.

The manufacturing method of a modeling material of the present invention includes a film forming step and a lens forming step, and manufactures a sheet-shaped modeling material in which a plurality of lenses are arranged. The film forming step forms a film by co-extruding the molten first thermoplastic resin and a second thermoplastic resin different from the first thermoplastic resin. The lens forming step forms the plurality of lenses by pressing the film from the second thermoplastic resin side with a shape imparting member having a plurality of concave portions formed on the surface. When the deflection temperature under load of the first thermoplastic resin is Tfa and the deflection temperature under load of the second thermoplastic resin is Tfb, the ratio obtained by Tfa / Tfb is within the range of 0.65 to 0.95. is there.

The manufacturing method of the three-dimensional structure according to the present invention includes a film forming step, a lens forming step, a molding step, and a main body forming step. In the film forming step, a film is formed by co-extruding a light-transmitting first thermoplastic resin and a second thermoplastic resin different from the first thermoplastic resin. In the lens forming step, a light-transmitting sheet formed from the first thermoplastic resin by pressing the film from the second thermoplastic resin side with a shape-imparting member having a plurality of concave portions formed on the surface And a molding material including the plurality of lenses and a lens portion provided on one sheet surface of the sheet and formed of the second thermoplastic resin. In the molding step, the modeling material is molded into a three-dimensional shape. The main body forming step forms a molded article main body having a thickness of at least 0.5 mm from the molten resin by supplying the molten resin to the first thermoplastic resin side of the modeling material. When the deflection temperature under load of the first thermoplastic resin is Tfa and the deflection temperature under load of the second thermoplastic resin is Tfb, the ratio obtained by Tfa / Tfb is within the range of 0.65 to 0.95. is there.

According to the modeling material of the present invention in which a plurality of lenses are arranged, the manufacturing efficiency is excellent, and cracking and excessive deformation of the lens are suppressed in the molding process, and the three-dimensional modeled object of the present invention is excessively broken and cracked. Deformation is suppressed. According to the method for manufacturing a modeling material of the present invention, a modeling material in which cracking and excessive deformation of the lens are suppressed in the molding process is efficiently manufactured. According to the manufacturing method of the three-dimensional modeled object of the present invention, a three-dimensional modeled object in which cracking and excessive deformation of the lens are suppressed is obtained.

It is decomposition | disassembly explanatory drawing explaining the layer structure of the modeling material which implemented this invention. It is decomposition | disassembly explanatory drawing explaining the layer structure of another modeling material. It is decomposition | disassembly explanatory drawing explaining the layer structure of another modeling material. It is explanatory drawing of the structure which makes four types of images visually recognized from four observation positions. It is explanatory drawing which shows another arrangement | positioning aspect of a lens. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example which has arrange | positioned the lens without the clearance gap. It is explanatory drawing which shows the usage condition of the dashboard material manufactured using the modeling material. It is sectional explanatory drawing explaining the layer structure of a dashboard material. It is explanatory drawing of the sheet | seat surface made into the curved surface in a decoration member. It is the schematic of a modeling material manufacturing apparatus. It is a section schematic diagram of a forming device.

The modeling material 10 shown in FIG. 1 embodying the present invention is a material that is made into a three-dimensional modeled object (hereinafter, three-dimensional modeled object) by molding under heating. The modeling material 10 includes a sheet 11 and a lens unit 12, and further includes an image forming unit 15 and a protective layer 16 in the present embodiment. The sheet 11 in this example is only required to have a light transmitting property, that is, a light transmitting property. In this embodiment, the sheet 11 is transparent to the extent that an image recorded in the image forming unit 15 can be recognized. The light here is visible light (wavelength range of approximately 380 nm to 750 nm).

The lens unit 12 is provided on one sheet surface (hereinafter referred to as a first sheet surface) 11 a of the sheet 11. In FIG. 1, the other sheet surface of the sheet 11 (hereinafter referred to as the second sheet surface) is denoted by reference numeral 11 b. The lens unit 12 includes a plurality of ridged lenses 17, and each lens 17 is columnar. The plurality of lenses 17 are arranged in parallel in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the protruding lens 17 extends (hereinafter referred to as the extending direction), that is, in contact with each other. In the figure, the symbol ED is the extending direction of the lens 17, and the symbol LD is the arranging direction of the plurality of lenses 17. The lens unit 12 is transparent. When the lens unit 12 and the sheet 11 are both transparent as in the present embodiment, the boundary between them is not visually recognized. However, in FIG. 1, the boundary is illustrated with a broken line for convenience of explanation. The boundary between the lens portion 12 and the sheet 11 is a surface connecting valleys formed by adjacent lenses 17 in FIG. However, the boundary between the lens portion 12 and the sheet 11 is not limited to this example, and may be lower in FIG. The first sheet surface 11a in that case is located below the valleys in FIG.

The lens 17 is a cylindrical lens. However, the cylindrical lens here is not limited to a semi-cylindrical section having a strict cross-sectional shape, that is, a convex lens surface (hereinafter referred to as a first lens surface) having a circular arc shape. Also included are lenses where the cross-sectional shape is a parabola, elliptical arc, or other convex curve.

The width W17 of the lens 17 and the pitch P17 of the lens 17 are preferably in the range of 50 μm or more and 300 μm or less. In this embodiment, the width W17 is set to 128 μm (200 lpi) (lpi is line per inch). As shown in FIG. 1, the width W17 of the lens 17 is a dimension of the lens 17 in the arrangement direction LD of the plurality of lenses 17, and the pitch P17 is a distance between the tops of the lenses 17 on the first lens surface side. The radius of curvature of the lens 17 is preferably in the range of 25 μm or more and 200 μm or less, and is approximately 75 μm in this embodiment.

The sheet 11 is formed from a first thermoplastic resin (thermoplastic polymer), and the lens portion 12 is formed from a second thermoplastic resin different from the first thermoplastic resin. Here, the deflection temperature under load of the first thermoplastic resin is Tfa, and the deflection temperature under load of the second thermoplastic resin is Tfb. A ratio obtained by Tfa / Tfb (hereinafter referred to as a deflection temperature ratio) is in the range of 0.65 to 0.95, and is set to 0.81, for example, in the present embodiment. When the deflection temperature ratio is 0.65 or more, the sheet 11 is surely formed into the target three-dimensional shape in the three-dimensional shape as compared with the case of less than 0.65, and the lens portion 12 And cracking of the lens 17 (hereinafter collectively referred to simply as “the cracking of the lens 17”) can be suppressed. Since the deflection temperature ratio is 0.95 or less, the sheet 11 is surely formed into the target three-dimensional shape in the subsequent molding as compared with the case where the deflection temperature ratio is larger than 0.95, and the lens 17 is heated. Excessive deformation is reliably suppressed. Thus, when the deflection temperature ratio is within the above range, the modeling material 10 is surely balanced between the ease of molding of the sheet 11 and the ease of molding of the lens portion 12, and as a result, has a three-dimensional shape. In the molding process, the lens is prevented from cracking and excessive deformation. Therefore, a thermoplastic resin having a deflection temperature under load that satisfies this deflection temperature ratio is used as the first thermoplastic resin and the second thermoplastic resin. The deflection temperature ratio is more preferably in the range of 0.70 to 0.90, and still more preferably in the range of 0.75 to 0.85.

The above-mentioned deflection temperature under load is the deflection temperature under load (HDT) measured according to ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 75-1, 2 in 2004. The load is set to 0.45 MPa, which is a low load. Test specimen preparation conditions, annealing conditions, and test conditions are tested in accordance with ISO 8257 PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) resin standard of 2004 or recommended conditions.

The first thermoplastic resin and the second thermoplastic resin are preferably resins having some of the same chemical structure, more preferably resins having the same chemical structure in the main chain. .

As the first thermoplastic resin and the second thermoplastic resin, acrylic resin, polycarbonate (hereinafter referred to as PC), polyvinyl chloride (hereinafter referred to as PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as PET), respectively. Triacetyl cellulose (hereinafter referred to as TAC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (hereinafter referred to as ABS), and the like are preferable. Among them, acrylic resin, PC, and PVC are more preferable, and acrylic resin is weather resistant (light And the resistance to heat and humidity are more preferable. In the present embodiment, the first thermoplastic resin and the second thermoplastic resin are, for example, acrylic resins.

The thickness Ta of the sheet 11 is preferably in the range of 50 μm or more and 400 μm or less, and is 225 μm in this embodiment. When the thickness Ta of the sheet 11 is in the range of 50 μm or more and 400 μm or less, compared with the case where the thickness Ta is less than 50 μm or more than 400 μm, it is surely formed into the desired three-dimensional shape in the later forming, and the lens is cracked. And excessive deformation can be suppressed more reliably. The thickness Ta is more preferably in the range of 75 μm or more and 350 μm or less, and further preferably in the range of 100 μm or more and 300 μm or less.

The image forming unit 15 is a so-called image display body for observing a different image by moving the observation point when observing from the lens unit 12 side in a dashboard material 30 (see FIGS. 7 and 8) described later. . Therefore, in the case of using a material for a transparent three-dimensional object such as a light source cover in the illumination device, the image forming unit 15 is not necessarily provided. The image forming unit 15 is provided on the second sheet surface 11 b of the sheet 11. In this example, since the image forming unit 15 is provided as a printing unit recorded by printing on the second sheet surface 11b, the thickness is not conceived. However, in FIG. is there. The image forming unit may include a printing unit as a recording layer on which an image is recorded and a support provided with the printing unit. In this case, the printing unit is in contact with the second sheet surface 11b. . The image forming unit 15 may be a transfer layer in which an image is formed by transfer, a picture or a drawing drawn with a pigment or a dye. The image forming unit 15 of this example is formed by a paint, and the paint may be a pigment or a dye.

The dashboard material 30 (see FIG. 7 and FIG. 8), which will be described later, has two first observation points and second observation points that are different in the arrangement direction LD, and the first observation point is the first observation point. The second image 22 different from the first image 21 can be observed from the second observation point so that the image 21 can be observed. Thus, the image forming unit 15 has a plurality of images for variable viewing. At each of the first observation point and the second observation point, the same image is observed by the left and right eyes. The image forming unit 15 includes linear image portions (hereinafter referred to as linear image portions) 21a, 21b, 21c,..., 22a, corresponding to the first image 21 and the second image 22, respectively. 22b, 22,... The

linear image portions

21a, 21b, 21c,... Constituting the first image 21 and the

linear image portions

22a, 22b, 22c,. The pair extends in the ED, and is arranged alternately in the arrangement direction LD and corresponding to each lens 23. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the image forming unit 15 is divided into a plurality of regions corresponding to each of the plurality of lenses 17 in the arrangement direction LD, and these plurality of regions are separated from the linear image unit 21a. A pair of the linear image portion 22a, a pair of the linear image portion 21b and the linear image portion 22b, a pair of the linear image portion 21c and the linear image portion 22c,...

In this example, two observation points are set in the arrangement direction LD, so the number of images is two, ie, the first image 21 and the second image 22, but the number of observation points to be set is The number and the number of images are not limited to two. That is, in the arrangement direction LD, the number of observation points to be set and the number of images for variable viewing may be three or more.

In this example, each of the

linear image portions

21a, 21b, 21c,... Is formed as one region extending in the extending direction ED, but is not limited thereto. For example, each of the

linear image portions

21a, 21b, 21c,... May be configured by a plurality of rectangular regions divided in the extending direction ED. These rectangular areas may be the same image or different images. The same applies to each of the

linear image portions

22a, 22b, 22,.

The first image 21 and the second image 22 are not limited to images for variable viewing, and may be images for stereoscopic viewing. That is, the first viewpoint image 21 and the second viewpoint image 22 may be a right viewpoint image and a left viewpoint image in which a stereoscopic image is observed by parallax between the left eye and the right eye. The first image 21 and the second image 22 may be different images from either the variable view image or the stereoscopic image. For example, the first image 21 and the second image 22 may constitute an image such as a scene or a scene description which is one pattern.

The protective layer 16 is for protecting the image forming unit 15 from the heat of the molten resin when a material of a dashboard material body 41 (see FIG. 8) to be described later contacts in a molten state. The protective layer 16 is provided on the surface of the image forming unit 15 opposite to the side in contact with the sheet 11. The protective layer 16 also has a function of protecting the sheet 11 and the lens unit 12 from the heat of the molten resin. Therefore, when there is no image forming unit 15, the protective layer 16 may be provided on the second sheet surface 11 b of the sheet 11. Thus, since the protective layer 16 is for protecting the image forming unit 15, the sheet 11, and the lens unit 12 from the heat of the molten resin, as in the case where the dashboard material body 41 is not provided. If there is no contact with the molten resin, it may not be provided. However, when the image forming unit 15 is provided, it is preferable to provide the protective layer 16 from the viewpoint of preventing the image forming unit 15 from being damaged when the image forming unit 15 contacts another object.

The protective layer 16 is made of a third thermoplastic resin. The third thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited as long as it is a resin that is not modified (for example, decomposed) by the molten resin, and examples thereof include ABS, PVC, acrylic resin, PC, and polyester. More preferably, the third thermoplastic resin is the same resin as the molten resin. This is because the adhesion with the dashboard material body 41 is further improved. The third thermoplastic resin of this embodiment is ABS.

The thickness Tc of the protective layer 16 is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 100 μm to 1000 μm. When the thickness Tc is 100 μm or more, the deformation of the image forming unit 15, the lens unit 12, and the sheet 11 due to the heat of the molten resin is more reliably suppressed as compared with the case where the thickness Tc is less than 100 μm. When the thickness Tc is 1000 μm or less, it is more reliably formed into a target three-dimensional shape as compared with a case where the thickness Tc is larger than 1000 μm. The thickness Tc is more preferably in the range of 150 μm or more and 800 μm or less, and further preferably in the range of 200 μm or more and 600 μm or less.

The lens of the protrusion provided in the lens unit is not limited to a cylindrical lens, and may be a prism, for example. In FIG. 2, the modeling material 110 is a mode in which the lens portion 12 of the modeling material 10 is changed to the lens portion 112. In FIG. 2, the same members as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

The lens unit 112 includes a plurality of protruding lenses 117, and each lens 117 has a columnar shape like the lens 17, but is different from the lens 17 in that it is a prism. The plurality of lenses 117 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction ED of the lens 117 while being in contact with each other. The lens part 112 is transparent. In the present embodiment, since both the lens unit 112 and the sheet 11 are transparent, the boundary between them is not visually recognized. However, in FIG. 2, the boundary is illustrated with a broken line for convenience of explanation. The boundary between the lens portion 112 and the sheet 11 is a surface connecting the valley portions formed by the adjacent lenses 117 in FIG. However, the boundary between the lens portion 112 and the sheet 11 is not limited to this example, and may be lower in FIG. The first sheet surface 11a in that case is below the valleys in FIG.

The width W117 of the lens 117 and the pitch P117 of the lens 117 are preferably in the range of 50 μm or more and 300 μm or less, and in this embodiment, are 100 μm. As shown in FIG. 2, the width W117 of the lens 117 is the dimension of the lens 117 in the arrangement direction LD, and the pitch P117 is the distance between the tops of the lens 117 on the first lens surface side. The thickness Tb of the lens portion 112 (equal to the height of the lens 117 in this example) is preferably in the range of 25 μm or more and 200 μm or less, and is 30 μm in this embodiment.

The lens provided in the lens unit is not limited to a protruding lens, and may be a microlens, for example. In FIG. 3, the modeling material 120 is a mode in which the lens portion 12 of the modeling material 10 is changed to the lens portion 122 and the image forming portion 15 is changed to the image forming portion 125. 3, the same members as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

The lens unit 122 includes a plurality of lenses 127. The lens 127 is a convex lens, but may be a concave lens. The surface shape of the lens 127 is hemispherical. The surface shape of the lens 127 may be a spherical crown shape (partial spherical shape) other than a hemispherical shape, and in that case, it may not be a strict spherical crown shape. The lens 127 can be freely set with respect to a specific shape such as a surface or a cross section. For example, the surface may be formed of a parabola or an elliptic arc. Furthermore, the surface may be formed by combining a plurality of curved surfaces. The lens 127 may have a cone shape (conical shape or pyramid shape) or a frustum shape.

The lens part 122 is also transparent like the lens part 12 and the lens part 112. Therefore, although the boundary between the lens unit 122 and the sheet 11 is not visually recognized, the boundary is illustrated by a broken line in FIG. 3 for convenience of explanation. The boundary between the lens portion 122 and the sheet 11 is a surface connecting the valley portions formed by the adjacent lenses 127 in FIG. However, the boundary between the lens portion 122 and the sheet 11 is not limited to this example, and may be lower in FIG. The first sheet surface 11a in that case is below the valleys in FIG.

The plurality of lenses 127 are in a square arrangement on the first sheet surface 11a in a state of being in contact with each other. The pitch P127 of the lens 127 is preferably in the range of 508.0 μm (50 lpi) or more and 25.4 μm (1000 lpi) or less, and is 150 μm in this embodiment. In this example, since the plurality of lenses 127 are arranged in a square shape in contact with each other, the diameter D127 of the lenses 127 is equal to the pitch P127 and is 150 μm.

The image forming unit 125 is a so-called image display body on which an image 137 observed when viewed from the lens unit 122 side when used for a dashboard material 30 (see FIG. 7) described later is displayed. The image forming unit 125 is configured in the same manner as the image forming unit 15 except for the displayed image 137.

The image 137 is, for example, a pattern such as carbon tone, woodgrain tone, aluminum tone, stone tone, earth wall tone, or a monochromatic solid image. Further, the image may be an image such as a landscape or a scene description. Further, it may be a so-called piano black image observed in a mirror-like black color, or a pearl white image in which a different luster is visually recognized depending on an observation angle, such as a pearl surface.

Furthermore, when the image of the image forming unit 125 is used for the dashboard material 30 or the like, the image is viewed through each lens 127 of the lens unit 122, and therefore, the region visually recognized differs depending on the observation point. For this reason, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the first image 137a is visible in the region visually recognized from the first observation point, and the second image 137b is visible in the region visually recognized from the second observation point. The third image 137c may be displayed in the region to be displayed, and the fourth image 137d may be displayed in the region visually recognized from the fourth observation point. Thereby, a different image is visually recognized depending on the observation point.

The number of images visually recognized from the observation point may be three or less, or may be five or more. Further, the present invention is not limited to the example in which different images are visually recognized depending on the observation point as described above, that is, the example in which the image for variable vision is displayed on the image forming unit 125. For example, a right viewpoint image and a left viewpoint image for observing a stereoscopic image by parallax between the left eye and the right eye may be displayed as a stereoscopic image.

Note that the arrangement pattern and pitch of the microlenses are not limited to the above example. For example, the lens unit 142 illustrated in FIG. 5 may have such an arrangement pattern in which the lenses 127 are alternately arranged on the first sheet surface 11a. Moreover, the lens part 152 shown in FIG. 6 has the lens 127a arrange | positioned on the 1st sheet | seat surface 11a without a gap, and such an aspect may be sufficient as it. When the lens 127 (see FIG. 3) is viewed from the first lens surface side that is the convex lens surface, the lens 127a includes both ends in the first direction D1 and a second direction orthogonal to the first direction D1. The two end portions in the direction D2 are respectively rectangles cut off. In this way, the rectangular lenses 127a are squarely arranged to eliminate gaps between the lenses. In the lens unit having the microlens, a part or all of the lenses may be arranged (separated) at intervals. A plurality of types of lenses having different shapes and / or sizes may be arranged on the first sheet surface 11a. Further, the lens pitch may be varied depending on the position.

The

modeling material

10, 110, 120 is a material of a three-dimensional model. The dashboard material 30 illustrated in FIG. 7 is an example of a three-dimensional model. The dashboard material 30 is an interior part of the automobile 31 and constitutes a part of the dashboard 34. The dashboard member 30 has a three-dimensional shape that is convexly curved toward the opposing observer side, and has a front surface portion 30A having an elliptical cross section, and is disposed on each of the left and right sides of the front surface portion 30A in FIG. The side part 30B made into one is formed integrally. As another example of the three-dimensional modeled object, a member that has a curved shape different from that of the dashboard material 30 and is, for example, a part of the steering wheel 35 or the door panel 36 can be given. In addition, the three-dimensional model is not limited to an automobile interior item, and may be, for example, a home appliance, a suitcase, a toy, or the like. In FIG. 7, the arrow line X indicates the vertical direction, the arrow line Y indicates the left and right direction when the windshield (windshield, windscreen) is viewed from the inside of the automobile 31, and the arrow line Z indicates the forward direction. Each means.

As shown in FIG. 8, the dashboard material 30 is composed of a dashboard material body 41 and a decorative member 42 that overlap in the thickness direction. The decorative member 42 is obtained by deforming the modeling material into a three-dimensional shape, and any of the above-described modeling material 10, the modeling material 110, and the modeling material 120 can be used as the modeling material. Further, the lens portion of the modeling material 120 may be any of the lens portion 122, the lens portion 142, and the lens portion 152 described above. Hereinafter, a case where the modeling material 10 is used will be described as an example.

The decorative member 42 is obtained by deforming the modeling material 10 into a three-dimensional shape, and is arranged so as to cover the observer side surface of the dashboard material main body 41. The dashboard member 30 is curved as described above, but is drawn flat for convenience in FIG. The dashboard material main body 41 is a shaped article main body for forming the dashboard 34, and has impact resistance, rigidity, heat resistance, etc. for functioning as the dashboard 34, and is formed from a thermoplastic resin. .

As the thermoplastic resin forming the dashboard body 41, various known materials such as an alloy (blend) of ABS and ABS, acrylonitrile / styrene / glass fiber, and the like can be used. In the embodiment, it is an ABS. The acrylonitrile / styrene / glass fiber is an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer containing glass fiber, and is a so-called composite material of acrylonitrile / styrene copolymer and glass fiber.

The thickness T41 of the dashboard material main body 41 is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately set according to the intended function and material as the dashboard 34, but is preferably at least 0.5 mm. When the thickness T41 is 0.5 mm or more, the mechanical strength of the dashboard member 30 is greater than when the thickness T41 is smaller than 0.5 mm. The thickness T41 is more preferably in the range of 0.5 mm to 30 mm. When the thickness T41 is 30 mm or less, the weight is smaller than when the thickness T41 is larger than 30 mm, which contributes to the weight reduction of the automobile 31 (see FIG. 7). The thickness T41 is more preferably in the range of 1 mm to 20 mm, and particularly preferably in the range of 2 mm to 10 mm.

The decoration member 42 is for changing the appearance of light by refracting light incident from the outside. As described above, the decorative member 42 has the same layer structure as the modeling material 10 and is formed of the same material as the modeling material 10 because the modeling material 10 is deformed into a three-dimensional shape. Therefore, the sheet 11 of the decorative member 42 is formed from the first thermoplastic resin, the lens portion 12 is formed from the second thermoplastic resin, and the protective layer 16 is formed from the third thermoplastic resin. ing. Further, since the decorative member 42 is obtained by deforming the modeling material 10 into a three-dimensional shape, the shape and height of the lens 17, the thickness of the lens portion 12, the thickness of the sheet 11, and the like have portions different from the modeling material 10. Since the constituent members are the same, the names and symbols of the constituent members of the decorative member 42 are the same as the names and symbols of the constituent members of the modeling material 10, and the illustration of the layer structure of the decorative member 42 is omitted. The decorative member 42 is provided in close contact with the dashboard material body 41 so that the protective layer 16 is in contact with the dashboard material body 41. The seat 11 of the decorative member 42 has a curved shape similar to the dashboard material 30, and details of the shape will be described later with reference to another drawing.

The decorative member 42 has a plurality of ridged lenses 17 on one surface, and in FIG. 8, each lens 23 is depicted as a ridge extending in the depth direction of the drawing. The decoration member 42 is arranged in a state where each lens 23 faces the observer side and the opposite surface faces the dashboard material body 41 side. The thickness T42 of the decorative member 42 is slightly different depending on the position. Note that the decorative member 42 is provided with the lens portion 12 along the curved surface of the curved sheet 11, and thus is curved in the same manner as the sheet 11 and the dashboard material 10, but is drawn flat for convenience in FIG. It is.

The curved surface with the 1st sheet surface 11a and the 2nd sheet surface 11b of the sheet | seat 11 of the decoration member 42 is demonstrated, referring FIG. In addition, since the 1st sheet surface 11a and the 2nd sheet surface 11b have the same shape, it demonstrates in detail about the 1st sheet surface 11a, and abbreviate | omits description about the 2nd sheet surface 11b. As shown in FIG. 9, the seat 11 of the decorative member 42 is a constituent member of the front face portion 11 </ b> A that is a constituent member of the front face portion 30 </ b> A (see FIG. 1) and the side face portion 30 </ b> B (see FIG. 1). The side surface portion 11B is integrally formed. The first sheet surface 11a of the decorative member 42 has three regions with different normal directions, and one of the normal directions of each region is a curved surface having an inclination in a plane including the other two. Has been. Specifically:

Arbitrary two regions on the first sheet surface 11a of the front surface portion 11A are defined as a first region AR1 and a second region AR2, and an arbitrary region on the first sheet surface 11a of the side surface portion 11B is defined as a third region AR3. In FIG. 9, the first area AR1 and the second area AR2 are taken on the XZ plane, but the present invention is not limited to this. When the normal from the first region AR1 is the first normal N1, the normal from the second region AR2 is the second normal N2, and the normal from the third region is the third normal N3, A plane PL including the direction of the first normal line N1 and the direction of the second normal line N2 is considered. Thus, the plane PL is a plane including two “directions”. Therefore, when two “straight lines (first normal line N1 and second normal line N2)” are not in the twisted position as in this example, the plane PL is the same plane as the plane including the two straight lines. On the other hand, if the two straight lines are in a twisted position, the plane containing the two straight lines cannot be considered, but the plane containing the “direction” of the two straight lines can be considered, and this plane (in the twisted position) A plane including the “directions” of two straight lines) is considered as the plane PL. That is, the plane PL is not defined as a plane including two straight lines but is defined as a plane including “directions” of the two straight lines, so that the first normal line N1 and the second normal line N2 are assumed to be Even in the twisted position, the plane PL is considered. The direction of the third normal line N3 is inclined with respect to the plane PL. Note that the first region AR1 and the second region AR2 may be taken from the side surface portion 11B, and the third region AR3 may be taken from the front surface portion 11A. Alternatively, the first region AR1 and the third region AR3 may be taken from the front surface portion 11A, and the second region AR2 may be taken from the side surface portion 11B.

Therefore, the sheet 11 is bent in the extending direction ED of the lens 17 and the arrangement direction LD of the plurality of lenses 17. Since the lens unit 12 and the image forming unit 15 are provided to be curved along the curved surfaces as described above, the decorative member 42 also includes the extending direction ED of the lens 17 and the plurality of lenses 17. The arrangement direction LD has a bent shape.

As a result, the first image 21 (see FIG. 1) and the second image 22 (see FIG. 1) are obtained as images having nonuniformity in the light reflected at the interface between the sheet 11 and the image forming unit 15, respectively. Observed, for example, with color shading and / or brightness differences. In the case where the first image 21 and the second image 22 for variable vision are formed, the image to be observed becomes the first by moving from one of the first observation point and the second observation point to the other. Switching from the first image 21 to the second image 22 or from the second image 22 to the first image 21 also changes the appearance of light in the switched image. For this reason, during the movement of the observation point, the way the light appears differs from part to part of the decorative member 42, and the switching timing also differs from part to part, so that the observed image is observed as a pattern with many changes, for example. The As a result, the design is enhanced and the interior is rich in decorativeness.

The manufacturing method of the dashboard material 30 will be described below. As shown in FIG. 10, the modeling material manufacturing apparatus 50 that manufactures the modeling material 10 includes an extruder 52, a lens forming unit 55, a printing machine 56, a cutting machine 58, and the like.

The extruder 52 melts each of the first thermoplastic resin 61a and the second thermoplastic resin 61b by heating, and forms each of these flows into a film shape. By merging them, they are extruded onto the circumferential surface of the first support roller 71 of the lens forming unit 55 in a state where they are overlapped in the thickness direction (coextrusion). In addition, the extruder 52 extrudes the 1st thermoplastic resin 61a and the 2nd thermoplastic resin 61b in the state in which the 2nd thermoplastic resin 61b is located on the 1st thermoplastic resin 61a in FIG. . As a result, the film 61 in which the second thermoplastic resin 61b is superimposed on the first thermoplastic resin 61a is continuously formed on the peripheral surface of the first support roller 71 (film forming step). In this example, the first thermoplastic resin 61a and the second thermoplastic resin 61b are extruded onto the first support roller 71, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, a delivery device (not shown) for delivering a long support is provided upstream of the first support roller 71, the support is delivered from this delivery device, and the first thermoplastic resin 61a and the first thermoplastic resin 61a are supplied onto the support. The second thermoplastic resin 61b may be extruded. In that case, the film 61 composed of the first thermoplastic resin 61a and the second thermoplastic resin 61b is supplied to the first support roller 71 together with the support.

A driving roller (not shown) that rotates in the circumferential direction is disposed between the lens forming unit 55 and the cutting machine 58. The film 61 is wound around the drive roller, and the film 61 is conveyed toward the downstream side of the modeling material manufacturing apparatus 50 by the rotation of the drive roller.

The lens forming unit 55 is for forming (shaping) each lens 17 of the modeling material 10. The lens forming unit 55 includes a first support roller 71, a second support roller 72, and a shape imparting roller 73 as a shape imparting member. The first support roller 71, the second support roller 72, and the shape imparting roller 73 are arranged in a state where the rotation axis is in the width direction of the film 61, that is, the depth direction of the paper surface of FIG. 10. A first support roller 71, a shape imparting roller 73, and a second support roller 72 are arranged in order from the upstream side.

In this example, the first support roller 71 and the second support roller 72 are arranged on the opposite side of the shape imparting roller 73 with respect to the transport path of the film 61, and the film 61 is wound around the peripheral surface. The first support roller 71 and the second support roller 72 may be driven to rotate as the film 61 is transported, or the first support roller 71 and the second support roller 72 are synchronized with the transport of the film 61 by a motor. And may be rotated.

The shape imparting roller 73 cooperates with the first support roller 71 and the second support roller 72 to continuously connect the lens portion 12 having a lens surface protruding in a semi-cylindrical shape to the second thermoplastic resin 61 b of the film 61. Form. That is, the first support roller 71 and the second support roller 72 function as a support member that supports the film 61, and also function as a shape-giving member for forming a protruding lens surface.

A plurality of concave portions 73 a having a semi-cylindrical cross section are formed on the peripheral surface of the shape imparting roller 73 in order to form the lens portion 12. Each recess 73 a extends in the axial direction of the shape imparting roller 73, that is, in the width direction of the film 61, and the plurality of recesses 73 a are formed side by side along the circumferential direction of the shape imparting roller 73. The shape imparting roller 73 is rotated by a motor 76 with the film 61 sandwiched between the first support roller 71 and the second support roller 72. The rotation direction of the shape imparting roller 73 is a direction in which the film 61 is conveyed (counterclockwise direction in FIG. 10). The shape imparting roller 73 causes the film 61 being transported to move on the first support roller 71, the second support roller 72, and between the first support roller 71 and the second support roller 72. By pressing from the side of the second thermoplastic resin 61b, the shape of the recess 73a is transferred to the second thermoplastic resin 61b to form the lens portion 12 (lens formation step). In addition, each recessed part 73a is extended in the circumferential direction of the shape provision roller, ie, the longitudinal direction of the film 61, and the some recessed part 73a may be formed along with the axial direction of the shape provision roller.

The shape of the recess 73a of the shape imparting roller 73 is determined according to the shape of the lens 17 to be formed (see FIG. 1). For example, when the lens 17 is a concave lens, a convex portion formed by adjacent concave lenses and concave lenses is set as the shape of the concave portion 73 a of the shape imparting roller 73. Further, for example, the forming material 110 having the lens 117 can be formed by forming the concave portion 72a of the shape imparting roller 73 in a triangular shape, and the forming material 120 having the lens 127 can be formed by forming the concave portion 72a in the hemispherical shape. Can be made. Thus, the shape of the concave portion on the surface of the shape imparting member is determined according to the lens shape of the target lens portion.

It is preferable that the shape imparting roller 73 is provided with a pressure regulator 77 as in the present embodiment. The pressure adjuster 77 adjusts the pressing force of the shape imparting roller 73 against the second thermoplastic resin 61b when the shape of the recess 73a is transferred. The pressure adjuster 77 adjusts the pressing force to form the lens unit 12 more reliably. The first thermoplastic resin 61 a becomes the sheet 11. When the pressing force of the shape imparting roller 73 is weak, the lower part of the second thermoplastic resin 61b in FIG. 10 may constitute the upper part of the sheet 11 in FIG.

In this example, the shape imparting roller 63 is used as the shape imparting member to continuously form the lens 17 on the long film 61, but the shape imparting member is not limited thereto. For example, when a lens is formed on a sheet of film, for example, a plate-like shape imparting member having a recess 73a formed on the surface may be used.

The film 61 on which the lens unit 12 is formed is guided to the printing machine 56. The printing machine 56 forms the image forming unit 15 on the second sheet surface 11 b (see FIG. 1) of the sheet 11. As described above, when the film 61 is formed on the support, the support may be peeled off from the film 61 between the lens forming unit 55 and the printing machine 56. The film 61 provided with the image forming unit 15 is guided to a cutting machine 58 and is cut into a sheet by the cutting machine 58. When the image forming unit 15 is not formed, the film on which the lens unit 12 is formed is guided from the lens forming unit 55 to the cutting machine 58 without passing through the printing machine 56.

The film 61 provided with the image forming unit 15 and the protective layer 16 are heat-laminated at 100 ° C. for 1 minute, and thereby fused. When the protective layer 16 is not provided, there is no this fusion process. As described above, the modeling material 10 is obtained. As mentioned above, since the modeling material 10 forms a film by co-extrusion and forms a lens by pressing, it is efficiently manufactured.

A molding apparatus 80 shown in FIG. 11 is for molding the produced sheet-shaped modeling material 10 into a three-dimensional shape. The molding apparatus 80 includes a mold unit 82, a moving mechanism 83, a heater 84, and a control unit 86, and performs a thermoforming process under heating. However, the molding method is not limited to thermoforming, and for example, a technique such as vacuum molding or vacuum / pressure forming may be used.

The mold unit 82 includes a first mold 87, a second mold 88, and a body mold 89. The body mold 89 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape in the horizontal direction in FIG. 11 orthogonal to the compression direction. The body die 89 has a guide hole 89 a penetrating in the compression direction by the first die 87 and the second die 88. The compression direction is the vertical direction in FIG. The first mold 87 and the second mold 88 are guided by the inner wall of the guide hole 89a and are movable in the compression direction. The first mold 87 and the second mold 88 are molded into a three-dimensional shape by compression molding the modeling material 10 in the body mold 89 (molding step).

In the first mold 87 and the second mold 88, transfer surfaces 87a and 88a each having a curved shape of the decorative member 42 are formed on opposing surfaces facing each other. The transfer surface 87a of the first mold 87 is formed in a convex shape, and the transfer surface 88a of the second mold 88 is formed in a concave shape.

The moving mechanism 83 moves the first mold 87 and the second mold 88 in the direction of increasing or decreasing the distance from each other. Further, when the modeling material 10 is accommodated in the trunk mold 89, the first mold 87 is moved upward, and is thereby retracted from the trunk mold 89. The heater 84 heats the molding unit 10 in the body mold 89 by heating the mold unit 82. The moving mechanism 83 and the heater 84 are controlled by the control unit 86. The controller 86 adjusts the temperature in the body mold 89 by controlling the amount of heat generated by the heater 84. The temperature in the body mold 89 is set to a temperature that is 10 ° C. higher than the deflection temperature under load Tfb of the second thermoplastic resin 61b, which is also the case in this embodiment. Moreover, it is preferable to make the heating time of the modeling material 10 into the range of 1 minute or more and 5 minutes or less, and is 3 minutes in this embodiment.

When the edge of the modeling material 10 is unnecessary after the three-dimensional shape is formed by the above method, the unnecessary portion may be cut off. In this example, the modeling material 10 provided with the protective layer 16 is molded into a three-dimensional shape by the molding device 80, but the modeling material 10 not provided with the protective layer 16 and a film material that becomes the protective layer 16 (not shown). May be provided to the molding apparatus 80 and molded in a state where they are stacked.

Next, the three-dimensional shaped molding material 10 is set in a known injection molding machine (not shown). And the dashboard material main body 41 is formed by supplying the molten resin which forms the dashboard material main body 41 to the protective layer 16 side, and the dashboard material 30 is manufactured by this (main body formation step). When the protective layer 16 is not provided, the dashboard material 41 is formed on the image forming layer 15 from a molten resin. When the image forming layer 15 and the protective layer 16 are not provided, the dashboard material 41 is formed on the sheet 11 from a molten resin. In this way, the molten resin is supplied to the sheet side of the modeling material regardless of the presence or absence of the image forming layer 15 and the protective layer 16 to form a modeled article main body.

In the above example, the three-dimensional shaped molding material 10 is used for an injection molding machine, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the planar modeling material 10 may be set in an injection molding machine and molded into a three-dimensional shape together with the molten resin forming the dashboard material body 41.

The above dashboard material 30 is an example of a three-dimensionally shaped object having a curved shape protruding in one direction, but may be a three-dimensionally shaped object curved in a plurality of directions. That is, the modeling material 10 can be molded also into a three-dimensional modeled object that is curved in a plurality of directions. For that purpose, the mold unit 82 of the molding apparatus 80 is used in accordance with the curved shape of the target three-dimensional modeled object. What is necessary is just to replace with a type | mold unit.

[Example 1] to [Example 16]
The modeling material manufacturing apparatus 50 produced 14 types of modeling material 10. The obtained lens 17 of each molded article 10 is a cylindrical lens having a width W17 of 128 μm (200 lpi) and a radius of curvature of approximately 75 μm. The dashboard material 30 was manufactured using

The modeling material 120 provided with the lens portion 122 was produced by the modeling material manufacturing apparatus 50 in which the shape imparting roller 73 was replaced with a shape imparting roller in which the inverted concave portion of the lens 127 was formed on the peripheral surface. The width D127 of the lens 127 of the obtained modeling material 120 was 150 μm. A dashboard material was produced from the obtained shaped material 120 using a molding apparatus 80 and an injection molding machine (not shown) in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 16, and Example 15 was obtained.

The modeling material 110 provided with the lens part 112 was made by the modeling material manufacturing apparatus 50 in which the shape imparting roller 73 was replaced with a shape imparting roller in which the cross-sectional shape of the recess 73a was triangular. Both the width W117 and the pitch P117 of the lens 117 of the obtained modeling material 110 were 100 μm, and the thickness Tb of the lens portion 112 was 30 μm. Dashboard materials were produced from the obtained shaped material 110 using a molding apparatus 80 and an injection molding machine (not shown) in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 16, and Example 16 was obtained.

The temperature in the body mold 89 and the heating time of the

molding materials

10, 120, 110 in the molding apparatus 80 in each embodiment are as described above. Table 1 shows the first thermoplastic resin 61a and the second thermoplastic resin 61b used.

“Acrylic” in the “Type” column of Table 1 means acrylic resin. In the "Product Name" column of Table 1, Delpet (registered trademark) manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd. is described as "Delpet", and Iupilon (registered trademark) manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd. is described as "Iupilon". The PVC manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. is described as “Sekisui PVC”.

The deformation of the

lenses

17, 117, 127 was evaluated for each obtained dashboard material 30, and the elongation of the modeling material 10 provided to the molding apparatus 80 was evaluated. Each evaluation method and evaluation criteria are as follows, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

1. Lens Deformation In each dashboard member 30,

lenses

17, 117, and 127 having the smallest height were specified, and their heights Ha were measured. In each of the planar shaped

materials

10, 110, 120 before being provided to the molding apparatus 80, the height of each of the

lenses

17, 117, 127 is set to Hb, and the lens is calculated by the calculation formula {(Hb−Ha) / Hb} × 100. The rate of height reduction (unit:%) was obtained. And it evaluated as a deformation | transformation of a lens with the following references | standards. A to C are acceptable and D is unacceptable.
A: The height reduction rate was 5% or less.
B: The height reduction rate was more than 5% and 10% or less.
C: The height reduction rate was greater than 10% and 15% or less.
D: Height reduction rate was greater than 15%.

2. Elongation It cut out from the

modeling materials

10 and 110 to the magnitude | size of 5 cm x 1 cm, and was set as the modeling material sample. About these modeling material samples, using “Autograph AGS-X” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, the sheet 11 is stretched at a tensile speed of 10 mm / min in the extending direction ED at a temperature 10 ° C. higher than the deflection temperature Tfb of the sheet 11. The elongation to the breaking point, that is, the elongation to break was determined. Specifically, 1 cm each of one side of the modeling material sample and one side facing the one side was sandwiched, and 3 cm was extended. Thus, the elongation of the modeling material sample was evaluated as the elongation of the lens 17. For the modeling material 120, the elongation to the breaking point was determined under the same conditions and method except that the extending direction of the modeling material sample was changed to an arbitrary direction. In addition, the smaller the elongation (unit:%), the easier it is to crack in molding. A to C in the following criteria are acceptable and D is unacceptable.
A: Elongation was 40% or more B: Elongation was 30% or more and less than 40%.
C: The elongation was 20% or more and less than 30%.
D: Elongation was less than 20%.

[Comparative Example 1]
A modeling material was made using the material shown in Table 1 as the second thermoplastic resin. From the obtained modeling material, a dashboard material was produced under the same conditions as in the example.

The lens deformation and cracking and the lens elongation were evaluated by the same method as in the example. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

10, 110, 120 Modeling material 11 Sheet 11a First sheet surface 11b Second sheet surface 11A Front surface portion 11B

Side surface portion

12, 112, 122, 142, 152

Lens portion

15, 125 Image forming portion 16

Protective layer

17, 117, 127

Lens

21, 137a

First image

21a, 21b, 21c,...

Linear image portion

22, 137b

Second image

22a, 22b, 22c,... Linear image portion 30 Dashboard material 30A Front portion 30B Side surface Part 31 Automobile 34 Dashboard 35 Steering wheel 36 Door panel 41 Dashboard material body 42 Decoration member 50 Modeling material manufacturing device 52 Extruder 55 Lens forming unit 56 Printer 58 Cutting machine 61 Film 61a First thermoplastic resin 61b Second Thermoplastic resin 71 1st Support roller 72 Second support roller 73 Shape imparting roller 73a Concave portion 76 Motor 77 Pressure regulator 80 Molding device 82 Mold unit 83 Moving mechanism 84 Heater 86 Controller 87 First mold 87a Transfer surface 88 Second mold 88a Transfer surface 89 barrel type 89a guide hole 137 image 137c third image 137d fourth image AR1 first area AR2 second area AR3 third area D1 first direction D2 second direction D127 diameter ED extending direction LD alignment direction N1 First normal line N2
X Vertical direction Y Left-right direction Z Forward direction

Claims

In a sheet-shaped molding material in which a plurality of lenses are arranged,
Formed of a first thermoplastic resin, a light transmissive sheet;
A lens portion provided on one sheet surface of the sheet, having a plurality of lenses, and formed from a second thermoplastic resin different from the first thermoplastic resin;
With
When the deflection temperature under load of the first thermoplastic resin is Tfa and the deflection temperature under load of the second thermoplastic resin is Tfb, the ratio obtained by Tfa / Tfb is in the range of 0.65 to 0.95. The molding material inside.
The molding material according to claim 1, wherein the lens is a protrusion.
The molding material according to claim 2, wherein the lens unit includes the plurality of lenses arranged in parallel.
The modeling material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first thermoplastic resin and the second thermoplastic resin are acrylic resins.
The modeling material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a thickness of the sheet is in a range of 50 µm to 400 µm.
The modeling material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an image forming unit provided on the other sheet surface of the sheet and having an image formed thereon.
The modeling material according to claim 6, further comprising a protective layer provided on a surface opposite to the sheet of the image forming unit and formed of a third thermoplastic resin.
The molding material according to claim 7, wherein the third thermoplastic resin is an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.
A light-transmitting sheet having a curved sheet surface and formed of a first thermoplastic resin;
A lens portion provided on one sheet surface of the sheet by being curved along the curved surface, formed from a second thermoplastic resin, and a plurality of lenses disposed;
A shaped article main body arranged on the other sheet surface side of the sheet and formed to a thickness of at least 0.5 mm;
With
When the deflection temperature under load of the first thermoplastic resin is Tfa and the deflection temperature under load of the second thermoplastic resin is Tfb, the ratio obtained by Tfa / Tfb is in the range of 0.65 to 0.95. A three-dimensional modeled object.
The three-dimensional structure according to claim 9, wherein the lens is a protrusion.
The three-dimensional structure according to claim 10, wherein the lens unit includes the plurality of lenses arranged in parallel.
In the manufacturing method of the sheet-shaped modeling material in which a plurality of lenses are arranged,
A film forming step of forming a film by co-extrusion of the molten first thermoplastic resin and a second thermoplastic resin different from the first thermoplastic resin;
A lens forming step of forming the plurality of lenses by pressing the film from the second thermoplastic resin side with a shape imparting member having a plurality of recesses formed on the surface;
Have
When the deflection temperature under load of the first thermoplastic resin is Tfa and the deflection temperature under load of the second thermoplastic resin is Tfb, the ratio obtained by Tfa / Tfb is in the range of 0.65 to 0.95. The manufacturing method of the modeling material which is inside.
A film forming step of forming a film by coextrusion of a light-transmissive first thermoplastic resin and a second thermoplastic resin different from the first thermoplastic resin;
A light transmissive sheet formed from the first thermoplastic resin by pressing the film from the second thermoplastic resin side with a shape-imparting member having a plurality of recesses formed on the surface; A lens forming step including a plurality of lenses and forming a modeling material including a lens portion provided on one sheet surface of the sheet and formed from the second thermoplastic resin;
A molding step of molding the modeling material into a three-dimensional shape;
A main body forming step of forming a molded article main body having a thickness of at least 0.5 mm from the molten resin by supplying a molten resin to the first thermoplastic resin side of the modeling material;
Have
When the deflection temperature under load of the first thermoplastic resin is Tfa and the deflection temperature under load of the second thermoplastic resin is Tfb, the ratio obtained by Tfa / Tfb is in the range of 0.65 to 0.95. The manufacturing method of the three-dimensional molded item which is inside.