WO2018059205A1 - 流路切换器和液体洗涤剂投放装置 - Google Patents

流路切换器和液体洗涤剂投放装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018059205A1
WO2018059205A1 PCT/CN2017/100845 CN2017100845W WO2018059205A1 WO 2018059205 A1 WO2018059205 A1 WO 2018059205A1 CN 2017100845 W CN2017100845 W CN 2017100845W WO 2018059205 A1 WO2018059205 A1 WO 2018059205A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
inlet
outlet
detergent
flow path
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2017/100845
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
鲍鹏飞
王一磊
余宏伟
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杭州神林电子有限公司
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Application filed by 杭州神林电子有限公司 filed Critical 杭州神林电子有限公司
Priority to JP2019507939A priority Critical patent/JP7029441B2/ja
Priority to EP17854655.2A priority patent/EP3521500B1/en
Priority to US16/303,508 priority patent/US11015280B2/en
Publication of WO2018059205A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018059205A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/02—Devices for adding soap or other washing agents
    • D06F39/022—Devices for adding soap or other washing agents in a liquid state
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42—Details
    • A47L15/44—Devices for adding cleaning agents; Devices for dispensing cleaning agents, rinsing aids or deodorants
    • A47L15/4445—Detachable devices
    • A47L15/4454—Detachable devices with automatic identification means, e.g. barcodes, RFID tags or magnetic strips
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/08—Liquid supply or discharge arrangements
    • D06F39/088—Liquid supply arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/078—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted and linearly movable closure members
    • F16K11/0782—Single-lever operated mixing valves with closure members having flat sealing faces
    • F16K11/0787—Single-lever operated mixing valves with closure members having flat sealing faces with both the supply and the discharge passages being on the same side of the closure members

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for dispensing a liquid preparation, and more particularly to a device for automatically dispensing a detergent for a washing machine.
  • washing machine is a household appliance with a high frequency of use at home. Energy saving and convenience have become an important factor for customers to purchase. Washing machines with automatic detergent delivery are therefore increasingly popular with users. At present, when washing clothes in ordinary washing machines on the market, most of them are manually manually put on detergents, and the dosage is arbitrarily large and difficult to grasp. When the amount of detergent is too small, the washing effect is poor and the washing ratio is low; when the amount of detergent is too large, the detergent is wasted, the difficulty of rinsing is increased, the water and electricity are wasted, the wear and tear process is increased, and the single washing cost is increased. Based on this, washing machine manufacturers have successively introduced washing machines that automatically put detergents on.
  • the design of automatic detergent dispenser for washing machine is mainly based on two ideas: one is to use the layout of the inlet pipe and the detergent delivery pipeline.
  • the detergent delivery pipeline produces a venturi negative pressure effect, using the negative pressure.
  • the detergent automatic dispensing device is difficult to accurately measure the detergent delivered. This is because the viscosity of the detergent varies greatly at different temperatures.
  • the driving motor of the automatic dispensing device When the ambient temperature is low, the viscosity of the detergent is large, and the driving motor of the automatic dispensing device has a reduced load and a reduced amount of rotation due to an increase in load; When the ambient temperature is high, the viscosity of the detergent is small, and the driving motor of the automatic adding device is increased in the number of rotations due to the decrease in the load, and the amount of addition becomes large, which makes it difficult to accurately measure the amount of detergent to be dispensed.
  • China CN101381939B discloses a washing machine for automatically discharging detergent, comprising: a washing tub, a control panel with a cloth control button, a washing weight sensor, a temperature sensor, a water hardness sensor, a washing water turbidity sensor, a detergent box and The computer board; the detergent box is composed of an upper storage box and a lower dilution box, and the computer board controls the amount of detergent in the storage box to enter the dilution box according to the detection result of each sensor.
  • the technical solution has a complicated structure and high cost.
  • China CN102605589B discloses a device for automatically dispensing according to detergent concentration, including an automatic detergent delivery device and a detergent storage container, and also includes a quantitative dissolution container for quantitative dissolution.
  • the inlet pipe is connected above the container, the inlet valve is installed at the other end of the inlet pipe, the inlet valve is connected with the washing machine controller, the detergent storage container is connected with the automatic detergent delivery device, the detergent automatic dispensing device and the detergent storage container and the washing machine controller Connected; there is an overflow port above the quantitative dissolving container, a probe is installed on the overflow port, the probe is connected with the washing machine controller, the overflow port is connected to the washing tub through the duct; the outlet valve is installed at the bottom of the quantitative dissolving container, the water outlet valve and the washing tub, the washing machine controller Connected.
  • the technical solution can not flexibly control the dosage of the detergent according to the washing condition, the control precision is not accurate enough, and the structure is complicated and needs to be improved.
  • China CN103122569A discloses a detergent automatic dispensing device for a washing machine, comprising a microprocessor and a water inlet pipe, wherein the inlet pipe is provided with a water inlet valve, a constant volume box and a detergent box, and an outlet end of the detergent box.
  • the washing machine is connected to the washing tub; the inlet valve is electrically connected to the microprocessor, and the inlet pipe of the fixed container is provided with a conveying device for introducing the detergent into the storage device, and the conveying device and the storage tank for holding the detergent connection.
  • the conveying device needs to start the conveying device to introduce the detergent into the volumetric box for quantification, then close the conveying device, open the inlet valve, and flush the detergent into the washing box.
  • the operation process is cumbersome and has a certain time lag, and the conveying device needs to be started multiple times to weigh the detergent and flush into the detergent multiple times, which is cumbersome and inefficient.
  • the detergent delivery controller disclosed in the Chinese CN203834223U document has one end of the main passage being the inlet of the water inlet, and the other end of the main passage being the outlet which can be connected with the inlet of the washing tub, which is characterized by the valve A, the valve B and the valve C.
  • valve D valve D
  • pump and nozzle the inlet of valve A is connected to the bypass port A of the main channel
  • the inlet of valve B can be connected with the detergent A reservoir
  • the inlet of the valve D can communicate with the detergent B reservoir
  • the outlets of the valve C and the valve D are connected to the inlet of the pump
  • the outlet of the pump is connected to the bypass port B of the main passage
  • the main passage The opposite position of the bypass port A and the bypass port B is the inlet of the bypass port A relatively close to the main channel
  • the bypass port B is relatively close to the outlet of the main channel
  • the nozzle is serially connected to the main channel and located Between the bypass port A and the bypass port B.
  • the controller must control the delivery of the detergent through a solenoid valve, which relatively increases the number of lines including solenoid valve control.
  • the invention solves the problems of complicated structure and high cost of the automatic detergent dispensing device of the washing machine in the prior art, and provides the flow path switcher and the liquid detergent delivery device of the invention, and the invention has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.
  • the first technical solution adopted by the present invention is a flow path switcher, and the second is a liquid detergent delivery device having the flow path switch.
  • the flow path switch of the present invention is special in that the flow path switch has a valve core, a casing and a base, and the casing has a valve chamber, a valve seat A, a valve seat B, and a valve seat.
  • One side of the valve body corresponding to the surface of the valve body, the valve seat C is located in the other direction of the valve body, the valve seat A and the valve core constitute a valve A, the valve seat B and the valve core constitute a valve B, the valve seat C and the valve core constitute a valve C.
  • the flow path switcher can be:
  • the distance between the valve seat B edge and the valve core is smaller than the distance between the valve seat A edge and the valve core.
  • the spool is an elastomer.
  • valve seat B is nested within the valve seat A.
  • the valve seat B is adjacent to the valve seat A side.
  • the liquid detergent dispensing device with the flow path switch of the invention has the special features: having a main channel, a piston, a check valve D, a check valve E, a detergent A box and a venturi negative a pressure generator, the inlet of the main passage is connected with a water inlet valve, and an outlet of the venturi negative pressure generator is connected to the water inlet of the washing tub, and the flow path switch is connected to the inlet and the main passage of the venturi negative pressure generator Between the outlets, wherein the flow inlet of the flow path switch is connected to the main channel outlet, the flow outlet of the flow path switch is connected to the inlet of the venturi negative pressure generator, the valve seat B channel of the flow path switch is An outlet of the one-way valve D is open, an outlet of the one-way valve D is connected to an inlet of the piston, an inlet of the one-way valve D is connected to the detergent A cartridge, an outlet of the piston and the one-way valve The inlet of E is connected, and the outlet of the check valve E is connected to
  • the liquid detergent dispensing device may be connected between the outlet of the one-way valve D and the inlet of the piston with a two-position three-way valve and a one-way valve F, an outlet of the two-position three-way valve and a check valve F
  • the inlet is connected, the outlet of the one-way valve F is connected to the inlet of the piston, and the inlet of the two-position three-way valve is connected to the outlet of the one-way valve D, and is provided with a detergent B box and a two-position three-way
  • the inlet 2 of the valve is in communication with the detergent B cartridge.
  • the invention adopts a mechanical one-way valve that does not require electrical control to replace the original complicated structure and cost.
  • the high-powered electromagnetic switching valve requires simplified control and cost saving.
  • the detergent delivery device of the prior art when the water pipe network is under negative pressure, the detergent in the detergent box is sucked into the water supply pipe network, even if a one-way valve is used to prevent, the risk of the one-way valve failure is higher. Large, once the check valve fails, the detergent still has the possibility of being pumped into the water supply network.
  • the check valve D of the present invention prevents the detergent from being drawn back into the water supply pipe network.
  • the one-way valve E can prevent the detergent from being withdrawn, and the air can be replenished from the check valve F to destroy the vacuum in the flow path switch to prevent the detergent. Was pumped into the water pipe network.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a liquid detergent dispensing device of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing another configuration of a liquid detergent dispensing device of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of a liquid detergent delivery device of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is an outline view of a flow path switch of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of the flow path switch of the A-direction view of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line H-H of Figure 5, i.e., a cross-sectional view of the flow path of the present invention in a form of H-H;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line G-G of Figure 5, i.e., a cross-sectional view of the flow path of the present invention in a G-G cross-sectional view;
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line H-H of Figure 5, i.e., a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the flow path switching of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line G-G of Fig. 5, i.e., a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the flow path switching of the present invention.
  • 1 flow switch 1 -1 spool, 1 - 2 housing, 1 - 21 seat A, 1 - 22 seat B, 1 - 23 seat A, 1 - 24 Seat B channel, 1-25 flow outlet, 1-26 valve cavity, 1-27 inlet, 1 ⁇ 3 base, 1 ⁇ 31 seat C, 1 ⁇ 32 atmosphere port, 1 ⁇ 4 valve A, 1 ⁇ 5 valve B, 1 ⁇ 6 valve C, 2 main channel, 3 check valve D, 4 detergent A box, 5 check valve E, 6 piston, 7 venturi negative pressure generator, 7 ⁇ 1 outlet, 7 ⁇ 2 inlet, 7 ⁇ 3 negative pressure port, 8 inlet valve, 9 detergent B box, 10 lines, 11 two-position three-way valve, 11 ⁇ 1 outlet, 11 ⁇ 2 inlet 1, 11 ⁇ 3 entrance two, 12 check valve F.
  • a flow path switcher having a valve core 1-1, a housing 1 - 2 and a base 1 - 3, the housing 1 - 2 having a valve chamber 1 - 26, a valve seat A1 - 21 , valve seat B1-22, valve seat A channel 1-23, valve seat B channel 1-24, outflow port 1-25, and inlet port 1-27 extending through valve seat A channel 1-23, said base
  • the seat 1-3 has a valve seat C1 ⁇ 31 and an air port 1 ⁇ 32, and the valve seat A1 ⁇ 21 and the valve seat B1-22 are located on one side of the valve body 1-1 and correspond to the surface of the valve core.
  • valve seat C1 ⁇ 31 is located on the other side of the valve core, and the valve seat A1 ⁇ 21 and the valve core 1 ⁇ 1 constitute a valve A1 ⁇ 4, the valve seat B1-22 and the valve Core 1 ⁇ 1 constitutes valve B1 ⁇ 5, valve seat C1 ⁇ 31 and valve core 1 ⁇ 1 constitute valve C1 ⁇ 6; valve A, valve B and valve C are non-electromagnetic mechanical valves, valve seat B1 ⁇ 22
  • the distance between the edge of the valve and the valve core 1 ⁇ 1 is smaller than the distance between the edge of the valve seat A1 ⁇ 21 and the valve core 1 ⁇ 1, that is, the valve seat B is slightly above the valve seat A by a small distance H; the valve core 1 ⁇ 1 is elastic body.
  • the valve seat B1-22 can be nested in the valve seat A1-21. Referring to Fig. 7, the valve seat B1-22 can also be adjacent to the side of the valve seat A1-21, see Fig. 9.
  • a liquid detergent dispensing device having the flow path switch of Example 1, see Fig. 1, having a main passage 2, a piston 6, a check valve D3, a check valve E5, a detergent A box 4, and a venturi negative pressure
  • the inlet of the main passage 2 is connected with a water inlet valve 8
  • the outlet 7-1 of the venturi negative pressure generator is connected to the inlet of the washing tub
  • the flow path switch is connected to the inlet of the venturi negative pressure generator.
  • Between 7 ⁇ 2 and the main channel outlet wherein the flow path switch 1-27 of the flow path switch is connected to the main channel outlet, and the flow port 1-25 of the flow path switch is connected to the inlet of the venturi negative pressure generator.
  • the valve seat B passage 1-24 of the flow path switch is connected to the outlet of the check valve D3, the outlet of the check valve D3 is connected to the inlet of the piston 6, and the inlet of the check valve D3 is connected
  • the detergent A cartridge 4 the outlet of the piston 6 is connected to the inlet of the one-way valve E5, and the outlet of the one-way valve E5 is connected to the negative pressure port 7-3 of the venturi negative pressure generator.
  • the check valve D and the check valve E are non-electromagnetic type mechanical valves.
  • the inlet valve 8 is opened, and water flows out through the main passage 2, the flow path switcher 1, and the venturi negative pressure generator 7.
  • the valve B1 ⁇ 5 opens under the action of the water flow, and the water flows out through the valve B to enter the line 10.
  • the pressure of the negative pressure port 7-3 of the venturi negative pressure generator is smaller than the pressure of the outlet of the inlet valve 8 due to the Venturi effect.
  • the water entering the pipeline 10 will flow through the piston cylinder, the check valve E5, the negative pressure port 7-3 of the venturi negative pressure generator, and merge into the main water flow, and then flow out of the system to wash the system. Rinse off the agent.
  • valve seat B is higher than the valve seat A by a small distance H, the valve B can reliably prevent the atmosphere from being drawn into the pipeline during the detergent delivery, so the valve B must be preferentially closed during the detergent delivery process, even if the valve A The function of this unit is not affected without turning off.
  • valve A When the spool is non-elastic, the valve A cannot be closed.
  • valve A When the spool is an elastomer, the valve A can also be closed. This has the advantage that when the inlet 1-27 is under negative pressure, the negative pressure cannot be transferred to the system.
  • a liquid detergent dispensing device having the flow path switch of the first embodiment is described.
  • the difference between the outlet of the check valve D3 and the inlet of the piston 6 is two.
  • the three-way valve 11 and the one-way valve F12, the one-way valve F is a non-electromagnetic mechanical valve
  • the outlet 11-1 of the two-position three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the one-way valve F
  • the inlet of the two-way three-way valve is connected to the outlet of the check valve D3, and is provided with a detergent B box 9, a two-position three-way valve inlet two 11-3 and the detergent B. Box 9 is connected.
  • Detergent liquid A is placed: the 2/2-way valve 11 is not energized, and the outlet 11-11 of the 2/2-way valve is connected to the inlet 11-22 and the inlet 2-11.
  • the motor drives the piston 6 to move to the left, the pressure in the piston cylinder decreases.
  • the check valve D3 and the check valve F12 are opened, the check valve E5 and the valve B1 ⁇ 5 are closed, and the detergent in the detergent A box 4 is closed.
  • A is drawn into the line 10.
  • the motor drives the piston to move to the right, the pressure in the piston cylinder increases.
  • the check valve F12 is closed, the check valve E5 is opened, and the detergent A that has just been drawn into the pipeline 10 flows out through the check valve E5, and then passes through the Wenqiu.
  • the negative pressure port 7-3 of the crying device 7 flows in, and then flows out from the outlet 7-1 of the venturi negative pressure generator. In this way, the detergent A in the liquid cartridge A can be taken out.
  • the two-position three-way valve 11 is not energized, and the outlet 11 ⁇ 1 of the two-position three-way valve is connected to the inlet one 11 ⁇ 2 and the inlet two 11 ⁇ 3.
  • the water inlet valve 8 is opened, and water flows out through the main passage 2, the flow path switcher 1, and the venturi negative pressure generator 7.
  • the valve B1 ⁇ 5 opens under the action of the water flow, and the water flows out through the valve B to enter the line 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
  • Fluid-Driven Valves (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)

Abstract

一种流路切换器（1），具有阀芯（1-1）、壳体（1-2）和基座（1-3），壳体内设阀座A（1-21）、阀座B（1-22）、阀座A通道（1-23）、阀座B通道（1-24）、流出口（1-25）和流入口（1-27），基座具有阀座C（1-31），阀座A（1-21）和阀座B（1-22）位于阀芯（1-1）一面方向，阀座C（1-31）位于阀芯（1-1）另一面方向。具有上述流路切换器的液体洗涤剂投放装置，具有主通道（2）、活塞（6）、单向阀D（3）、单向阀E（5）、洗涤剂A盒（4）和文丘里负压发生器（7），流路切换器（1）连于文丘里负压发生器入口（7-2）和主通道出口之间，流路切换器（1）的流入口和流出口分别连接主通道出口和文丘里负压发生器（7）入口，阀座B通道（1-24）与单向阀D（3）出口通连，单向阀D（3）出口与活塞（6）入口通连，单向阀D（3）入口连接洗涤剂A盒（4），活塞（6）出口与单向阀E（5）入口通连，单向阀E（5）出口与文丘里负压发生器（7）的负压口（7-3）通连。该装置用于洗衣机洗涤剂投放。

Description

流路切换器和液体洗涤剂投放装置 技术领域
本发明涉及液体制剂的投放装置，具体涉及一种洗衣机用自动投放洗涤剂的装置。
背景技术
随着生活节奏的加快和消费者节能意识的提高，用户在选购家用电器时，更加关注节能、便捷的功效特征。洗衣机作为家庭使用频率较高的家用电器，节能、方便已经成为顾客选购的重要因素。具有自动投放洗涤剂功能的洗衣机也因此而越来越受用户青睐。目前市面上的普通洗衣机洗涤衣物时，大都是人工手动投放洗涤剂，投放用量随意性大，难以把握。洗涤剂用量偏小时洗涤效果差、洗净比偏低；洗涤剂用量偏大时，既浪费洗涤剂，又增加漂洗难度，浪费水电和时间，加大衣物磨损程序，增加了单次洗衣成本。基于此，洗衣机厂商陆续推出自动投放洗涤剂的洗衣机。
目前，洗衣机洗涤剂自动投放装置设计主要基于两种思路：一是利用进水管和洗涤剂投放管路的布局，进水水流流动时，洗涤剂投放管路产生文丘里负压效应，利用负压使洗涤剂汲入投放管进行投放；二是采用各种液体泵抽送洗涤剂，实现洗涤剂投放。根据上述思路设计的洗涤剂自动投放装置，投放的洗涤剂难以精确计量。这是由于洗涤剂在不同温度下的粘稠度差异很大，环境温度较低时，洗涤剂的粘稠度大，自动投放装置的驱动电机由于负载的加大，转速降低，添加量变小；环境温度较高时，洗涤剂的粘稠度小，自动添加装置的驱动电机由于负载的减小，转速增加，添加量变大，导致难以精确计量洗涤剂投放量。
中国CN101381939B文件公开了一种自动投放洗涤剂的洗衣机，包括：洗涤桶、具有布质控制按键的控制面板、洗涤物重量传感器、温度传感器、水质硬度传感器、洗涤水污浊度传感器、洗涤剂盒及电脑板；所述的洗涤剂盒是由上部储存盒和下部稀释盒构成，电脑板根据各传感器的检测结果，控制储存盒内的洗涤剂进入稀释盒的量。该技术方案结构复杂、成本高。
中国CN102605589B文件公开了一种根据洗涤剂浓度自动投放的装置，包括洗涤剂自动投放装置和洗涤剂存储容器，还包括定量溶解容器，定量溶解 容器上方连接进水管，进水管另一端安装有进水阀，进水阀与洗衣机控制器连接；洗涤剂存储容器连接洗涤剂自动投放装置，洗涤剂自动投放装置与洗涤剂存储容器和洗衣机控制器相连；定量溶解容器上方存在溢水口，溢水口上安装探针，探针与洗衣机控制器相连，溢水口通过导管与洗涤桶相连；定量溶解容器底部安装出水阀门，出水阀门与洗涤桶、洗衣机控制器相连。该技术方案不能够根据洗涤情况灵活控制洗涤剂的投放量，控制精度不够准确，且结构复杂，有待改进。
中国CN103122569A文件公开了一种洗衣机用洗涤剂自动投放装置，包括微处理器与进水管路，所述进水管路上依次设有进水阀、定容盒与洗涤剂盒，洗涤剂盒出口端与洗衣机洗涤桶连通；所述进水阀与微处理器电连接，所述定容器的入口管道上设有将洗涤剂导入其中的输送装置，所述输送装置与用于盛放洗涤剂的贮罐连接。该技术方案在使用时需先启动输送装置将洗涤剂导入定容盒中进行定量，然后关闭输送装置，打开进水阀，将洗涤剂冲入洗涤盒中。这样操作过程繁琐，有一定的时间滞后性，且需多次启动输送装置对洗涤剂进行称量，多次冲入洗涤剂，过程繁琐，效率低。
中国CN203834223U文件公开的洗涤剂投放控制器，其主通道一端为进水的入口，主通道另一端为能与洗涤桶进液口连接的出口，其特征是设有阀门A、阀门B、阀门C、阀门D、泵和喷嘴，阀门A的入口与主通道的旁通口A通连，阀门B的入口能与洗涤剂A储液箱通连，阀门A和阀门B的出口与阀门C的入口通连，阀门D的入口能与洗涤剂B储液箱通连，阀门C和阀门D的出口与所述泵的入口通连，泵的出口与主通道的旁通口B通连，主通道的所述旁通口A和旁通口B的相对位置是旁通口A相对靠近主通道的所述入口，旁通口B相对靠近主通道的所述出口，喷嘴串接于主通道并位于旁通口A和旁通口B之间。该控制器必须通过电磁阀来控制洗涤剂的投放，相对地增加了包括电磁阀控制的线路数量。
发明内容
本发明要解决现有技术中洗衣机的自动投放洗涤剂的装置构造复杂、成本高等问题，为此提供本发明的流路切换器和液体洗涤剂投放装置，本发明构造简单、成本低。
为解决上述问题，本发明采用的技术方案一是一种流路切换器，二是一种具有所述流路切换器的液体洗涤剂投放装置。
本发明所述一种流路切换器，其特殊之处在于：该流路切换器具有阀芯、壳体和基座，所述壳体内具有阀腔、阀座A、阀座B、阀座A通道、阀座B通道、流出口和与所述阀座A通道贯通的流入口，所述基座具有阀座C和大气通口，所述阀座A和阀座B位于所述阀芯的一面方向且对应于阀芯该面，所述阀座C位于所述阀芯的另一面方向，所述阀座A与阀芯构成阀A，阀座B与阀芯构成阀B，阀座C与阀芯构成阀C。
所述流路切换器，可以是：
a.所述阀座B缘口与所述阀芯的距离小于所述阀座A缘口与所述阀芯的距离。
b.所述阀芯为弹性体。
c.所述阀座B嵌套于阀座A内。
d.所述阀座B相邻地位于阀座A一侧方向。
本发明所述一种具有所述流路切换器的液体洗涤剂投放装置，其特殊之处在于：具有主通道、活塞、单向阀D、单向阀E、洗涤剂A盒和文丘里负压发生器，所述主通道入口连有进水阀，文丘里负压发生器的出口与洗涤桶进水口通连，所述流路切换器连接于文丘里负压发生器的入口和主通道出口之间，其中流路切换器的流入口连接所述主通道出口，流路切换器的流出口连接所述文丘里负压发生器的入口，流路切换器的阀座B通道与所述单向阀D的出口通连，单向阀D的出口并与所述活塞的入口通连，单向阀D的入口连接所述洗涤剂A盒，所述活塞的出口与所述单向阀E的入口通连，单向阀E的出口与所述文丘里负压发生器的负压口通连。
所述液体洗涤剂投放装置，可以在所述单向阀D的出口和活塞的入口之间连接有二位三通阀和单向阀F，二位三通阀的出口与单向阀F的入口通连，单向阀F的出口与所述活塞的入口通连，二位三通阀的入口一与所述单向阀D的出口通连，设有洗涤剂B盒，二位三通阀的入口二与所述洗涤剂B盒通连。
本发明采用不需要电器控制的机械型单向阀来代替原来结构复杂，成本 高、需要电控的电磁切换阀，达到简化控制，节约成本的目的。现有技术中的洗涤剂投放装置，当自来水管网为负压时，洗涤剂盒内的洗涤剂会被倒抽进入供水管网，即便使用单向阀来防止，但是单向阀失效风险较大，单向阀一旦失效，洗涤剂还是有被倒抽进入供水管网的可能。本发明中的单向阀D可以防止洗涤剂被倒抽进入供水管网。设单向阀F的本发明当单向阀D失效时，单向阀E可以阻止洗涤剂被抽出，空气可以自单向阀F补入，破坏流路切换器内的真空，以防止洗涤剂被倒抽进入自来水管网。
下面结合附图和具体实施方式进一步说明本发明。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种液体洗涤剂投放装置构造原理图；
图2是本发明一种液体洗涤剂投放装置又一构造原理图；
图3是本发明一种液体洗涤剂投放装置外形图；
图4是本发明的流路切换器的外形图；
图5是图4的A向视图的流路切换器的俯视图；
图6是图5的H‐H剖视图，即本发明流路切换一种形式的H‐H剖视图；
图7是图5的G‐G剖视图，即本发明流路切换一种形式的G‐G剖视图；
图8是图5的H‐H剖视图，即本发明流路切换另一种形式的H‐H剖视图；
图9是图5的G‐G剖视图，即本发明流路切换另一种形式的G‐G剖视图。
图中标记与对应件：1流路切换器，1‐1阀芯，1‐2壳体，1‐21阀座A，1‐22阀座B，1‐23阀座A通道，1‐24阀座B通道，1‐25流出口，1‐26阀腔，1‐27流入口，1‐3基座，1‐31阀座C，1‐32大气通口，1‐4阀A，1‐5阀B，1‐6阀C，2主通道，3单向阀D，4洗涤剂A盒，5单向阀E，6活塞，7文丘里负压发生器，7‐1出口，7‐2入口，7‐3负压口，8进水阀，9洗涤剂B盒，10管路，11二位三通阀，11‐1出口，11‐2入口1，11‐3入口二，12单向阀F。
具体实施方式
例一
一种流路切换器，该流路切换器1具有阀芯1‐1、壳体1‐2和基座1‐3，壳体1‐2内具有阀腔1‐26、阀座A1‐21、阀座B1‐22、阀座A通道1‐23、阀座B通道1‐24、流出口1‐25和与阀座A通道1‐23贯通的流入口1‐27，所述基 座1‐3具有阀座C1‐31和大气通口1‐32，所述阀座A1‐21和阀座B1‐22位于所述阀芯1‐1的一面方向且对应于阀芯该面，可以受阀芯该面复盖，所述阀座C1‐31位于所述阀芯的另一面方向，阀座A1‐21与阀芯1‐1构成阀A1‐4，阀座B1‐22与阀芯1‐1构成阀B1‐5，阀座C1‐31与阀芯1‐1构成阀C1‐6；所述阀A、阀B和阀C为非电磁型的机械阀，阀座B1‐22缘口与阀芯1‐1的距离小于阀座A1‐21缘口与阀芯1‐1的距离，即阀座B高出阀座A一微小距离H；所述阀芯1‐1为弹性体。阀座B1‐22可以嵌套于阀座A1‐21内，参见图7，阀座B1‐22也可以相邻地位于阀座A1‐21一侧方向，参见图9。
例二
一种具有例一所述流路切换器的液体洗涤剂投放装置，参见图1，具有主通道2、活塞6、单向阀D3、单向阀E5、洗涤剂A盒4和文丘里负压发生器7，主通道2入口连有进水阀8，文丘里负压发生器的出口7‐1与洗涤桶进水口通连，所述流路切换器连接于文丘里负压发生器的入口7‐2和主通道出口之间，其中流路切换器的流入口1‐27连接所述主通道出口，流路切换器的流出口1‐25连接所述文丘里负压发生器的入口，流路切换器的阀座B通道1‐24与所述单向阀D3的出口通连，单向阀D3的出口并与所述活塞6的入口通连，单向阀D3的入口连接所述洗涤剂A盒4，活塞6的出口与所述单向阀E5的入口通连，单向阀E5的出口与所述文丘里负压发生器的负压口7‐3通连。所述单向阀D和单向阀E为非电磁型的机械阀。
本装置使用过程：
1洗涤液A投放：当电机带动活塞6向左运动时，活塞缸内压力减小，此时单向阀D3打开，单向阀E5关闭，由于阀B通道1‐24与单向阀D出口通连，阀芯1‐1所述另一面对应阀座C1‐31，阀座C通道与大气通口1‐32贯通，参见图7、图9，在大气压作用下，阀芯被推向阀座B，故阀B1‐5关闭，洗涤剂A盒4中的洗涤剂A被抽入管路10。当电机带动活塞6向右运动时，活塞缸内压力增大，单向阀D3关闭，单向阀E5打开，刚才被抽入管路10的洗涤剂A通过单向阀E5流出，再通过文丘里负压发生哭器7的负压口7‐3流入，然后从文丘里负压发生器的出口7‐1流出。如此往复，可将液体盒A内的洗涤剂A抽出。
2冲洗：进水阀8打开，水流经主通道2、流路切换器1和文丘里负压发生器7流出。当水流通过流路切换器内的阀A1‐4时，在水流作用下阀B1‐5打开，水流经阀B流出，进入管路10。同时水流通过文丘里负压发生器7的入口7‐2和出口7‐1时，由于文丘里效应，文丘里负压发生器的负压口7‐3的压力小于进水阀8出口的压力，此时，进入管路10的水会通过活塞缸、单向阀E5、文丘里负压发生器的负压口7‐3流过，汇入主水流，然后流出系统，将系统内的洗涤剂冲洗干净。
由于阀座B高出阀座A一微小距离H，如此在洗涤剂投放中阀B能可靠防止大气被抽到管路中，所以阀B在洗涤剂投放过程中必须要优先关闭，即使阀A不关闭，本装置的功能也不受影响。
所述阀芯为非弹性体时，阀A不能关闭。
阀芯为弹性体时，阀A也能关闭，这样的好处是当流入口1‐27为负压时，负压就不能传递到系统中。
例三
本例一种具有例一所述流路切换器的液体洗涤剂投放装置，参见图2，其区别于例二的在于所述单向阀D3的出口和活塞6的入口之间连接有二位三通阀11和单向阀F12，单向阀F为非电磁型机械阀，二位三通阀的出口11‐1与单向阀F的入口通连，单向阀F的出口与活塞6的入口通连，二位三通阀的入口一11‐2与单向阀D3的出口通连，设有洗涤剂B盒9，二位三通阀的入口二11‐3与该洗涤剂B盒9通连。
本装置使用过程：
1洗涤剂液A投放：二位三通阀11不通电，二位三通阀的出口11‐1与入口一11‐2通连、与入口二11‐3阻断。当电机带动活塞6向左运动时，活塞缸内压力减小，此时单向阀D3、单向阀F12打开，单向阀E5、阀B1‐5关闭，洗涤剂A盒4中的洗涤剂A被抽入管路10。当电机带动活塞向右运动时，活塞缸内压力增大，此时单向阀F12关闭，单向阀E5打开，刚才被抽入管路10的洗涤剂A通过单向阀E5流出，再通过文丘里负压发生哭器7的负压口7‐3流入，然后从文丘里负压发生器的出口7‐1流出。如此往复，可将液体盒A内的洗涤剂A抽出。
2洗涤剂B投放：二位三通阀11通电，二位三通阀的出口11‐1与入口二11‐3通连、与入口一11‐2阻断。当电机带动活塞6向左运动时，活塞缸内压力减小，此时单向阀F12打开，单向阀E5关闭，洗涤剂液B盒9内的洗涤剂B被抽入管路10。当电机带动活塞向右运动时，活塞缸内压力增大，此时，单向阀F12关闭，单向阀E5打开，刚才被抽入管路10的洗涤剂B通过单向阀E5流出，再通过文丘里负压发生哭器7的负压口7‐3流入，然后从文丘里负压发生器的出口7‐1流出。如此往复，可将液体盒B内的洗涤剂B抽出。
3冲洗：二位三通阀11不通电，二位三通阀的出口11‐1与入口一11‐2通连、与入口二11‐3阻断。进水阀8打开，水流经主通道2、流路切换器1和文丘里负压发生器7流出。当水流通过流路切换器内的阀A1‐4时，在水流作用下阀B1‐5打开，水流经阀B流出，进入管路10。同时水流通过文丘里负压发生器7的入口7‐2和出口7‐1时，由于文丘里效应，文丘里负压发生器的负压口7‐3的压力小于进水阀8出口的压力，此时，进入管路10的水会通过二位三通阀11、单向阀F12、活塞缸、单向阀E5、文丘里负压发生器的负压口7‐3流过，汇入主水流，然后流出系统，将系统内的洗涤剂冲洗干净。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种流路切换器，其特征在于：所述流路切换器(1)具有阀芯(1‐1)、壳体(1‐2)和基座(1‐3)，所述壳体内具有阀腔(1‐26)、阀座A(1‐21)、阀座B(1‐22)、阀座A通道(1‐23)、阀座B通道(1‐24)、流出口(1‐25)和与所述阀座A通道贯通的流入口(1‐27)，所述基座具有阀座C(1‐31)和大气通口(1‐32)，所述阀座A和阀座B位于所述阀芯的一面方向且对应于阀芯该面，所述阀座C位于所述阀芯的另一面方向，所述阀座A与阀芯构成阀A(1‐4)，阀座B与阀芯构成阀B(1‐5)，阀座C与阀芯构成阀C(1‐6)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的流路切换器，其特征在于：所述阀座B缘口与所述阀芯的距离小于所述阀座A缘口与所述阀芯的距离。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的流路切换器，其特征在于：所述阀芯为弹性体。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的流路切换器，其特征在于：所述阀座B嵌套于阀座A内。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的流路切换器，其特征在于：所述阀座B相邻地位于阀座A一侧方向。
  6. 一种具有如权利要求1‐5任何一权利要求所述流路切换器的液体洗涤剂投放装置，其特征在于：具有主通道(2)、活塞(6)、单向阀D(3)、单向阀E(5)、洗涤剂A盒(4)和文丘里负压发生器(7)，所述主通道入口连有进水阀(8)，文丘里负压发生器的出口(7‐1)与洗涤桶进水口通连，所述流路切换器连接于文丘里负压发生器的入口(7‐2)和主通道出口之间，其中流路切换器的流入口(1‐27)连接所述主通道出口，流路切换器的流出口(1‐25)连接所述文丘里负压发生器的入口，流路切换器的阀座B通道(1‐24)与所述单向阀D的出口通连，单向阀D的出口并与所述活塞的入口通连，单向阀D的入口连接所述洗涤剂A盒，所述活塞的出口与所述单向阀E的入口通连，单向阀E的出口与所述文丘里负压发生器的负压口(7‐3)通连。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的液体洗涤剂投放装置，其特征在于：所述单向阀D的出口和活塞的入口之间连接有二位三通阀(11)和单向阀F(12)，二位三通阀的出口(11‐1)与单向阀F的入口通连，单向阀F的出口与所述活塞的入口通连，二位三通阀的入口一(11‐2)与所述单向阀D的出口通连，设有洗涤剂B盒(9)，二位三通阀的入口二(11‐3)与所述洗涤剂B盒(9)通连。
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