WO2018059190A1 - 一种输电杆塔的塔头及输电杆塔 - Google Patents

一种输电杆塔的塔头及输电杆塔 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018059190A1
WO2018059190A1 PCT/CN2017/100316 CN2017100316W WO2018059190A1 WO 2018059190 A1 WO2018059190 A1 WO 2018059190A1 CN 2017100316 W CN2017100316 W CN 2017100316W WO 2018059190 A1 WO2018059190 A1 WO 2018059190A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
insulator
hanging
tower
line
tower head
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/100316
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马斌
郁杰
李德权
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江苏神马电力股份有限公司
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Application filed by 江苏神马电力股份有限公司 filed Critical 江苏神马电力股份有限公司
Publication of WO2018059190A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018059190A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/24—Cross arms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G7/00—Overhead installations of electric lines or cables
    • H02G7/20—Spatial arrangements or dispositions of lines or cables on poles, posts or towers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of power transmission equipment, and in particular to a tower head and a power transmission tower of a power transmission tower.
  • the transmission pole tower is mainly used to support the conductor, and its shape structure and ways of supporting the conductor are various.
  • the transmission pole tower is generally designed to be a small and large iron tower structure.
  • a cross arm is arranged on the power transmission tower, and the wires are mounted on both ends of the cross arm.
  • the crossarm needs to have a certain length. In this case, the distance between the wires is large, the structure is loose, and the corresponding transmission line The corridor is wide, causing serious waste of land resources.
  • the invention provides a tower head and a transmission pole tower of a power transmission tower to solve the problem of wide transmission corridors in the prior art.
  • the present invention provides a tower head of a power transmission tower, which comprises a frame body, a hanging wire structure and a supporting structure; the hanging wire structure comprises at least one insulator, and an end point of at least one insulator is used as a hanging point of the hanging wire structure.
  • the utility model is used for mounting a transmission line; the support structure is connected with the hanging line structure and the frame body, and the hanging line structure is fixed to the inside of the frame body through the support structure.
  • the tower head of the above-mentioned power transmission tower is fixed in the inside of the frame by the hanging line structure, so that the structure of the connected transmission line is compact, and the width of the transmission line corridor is effectively reduced.
  • the support structure includes at least two insulators, and at least two insulators are connected between the hanging point and the frame. This can easily realize the connection of the transmission line and ensure that the insulation performance requirements of the transmission line are met.
  • the hanging line structure has 3n hanging line points for mounting three-phase wires of the n-circuit AC transmission line, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the hanging line structure is a triangular hanging line structure having three hanging line points, or a straight hanging line structure having three hanging line points, or a double quadrilateral hanging line structure having six hanging line points.
  • the straight line structure includes a first insulator and a second insulator disposed vertically, and a tail end of the first insulator is connected to a first end of the second insulator; a front end of the first insulator and a tail end of the second insulator are supported by The structure is connected to the frame.
  • the triangular hanging wire structure includes a first insulator, a second insulator and a third insulator connected to each other, wherein the first insulator is horizontally disposed, and the second insulator and the third insulator are both disposed obliquely; the two ends of the first insulator are connected by the supporting structure In the frame.
  • the double quadrilateral hanging line structure comprises a first insulator, a second insulator and a third insulator arranged horizontally and parallel to each other, a fourth insulator and a fifth insulator connecting the adjacent ends of the first insulator and the second insulator, connecting the second insulator and a sixth insulator and a seventh insulator adjacent to the third insulator; both ends of the first insulator and both ends of the third insulator are connected to the frame through the support structure.
  • the hanging line structure includes 2m hanging line points for mounting two-phase wires of the m-loop DC transmission line, where m is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the frame body comprises a ground rod, and the ground rod protrudes from the outer surface of the frame body to the outside of the frame body for mounting the ground wire.
  • the frame is a heart shape, an apple shape, a racket shape or an animal shape.
  • the present invention also provides a power transmission tower comprising a tower body and the above-mentioned tower head, and the tower head is disposed on the tower body.
  • the tower head of the power transmission tower of the present invention comprises a frame body, a hanging line structure and a supporting structure;
  • the hanging line structure comprises at least one insulator, and the end point of at least one insulator is used as a hanging line point of the hanging line structure for mounting the transmission line;
  • the supporting structure is connected
  • the hanging line structure and the frame body are fixed to the inside of the frame by the supporting structure.
  • the at least one insulator constitutes a hanging wire structure, and the end point of at least one insulator is used as a hanging point to mount the transmission line, and the hanging line structure is fixed to the inside of the frame through the supporting structure, so that the hanging line structure can be
  • the design makes the structure of the transmission line relatively compact, and the corresponding transmission line corridor is also small.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a tower head of a power transmission tower of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing various shapes of a frame body in a tower head of a power transmission tower of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a tower head of a power transmission tower according to the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing another shape of the hanging line structure and the supporting structure in the second embodiment of the tower head shown in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view showing another shape of the frame body in the second embodiment of the tower head shown in Figure 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of a tower head of a power transmission tower of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing another shape of the hanging line structure and the supporting structure in the third embodiment of the tower head shown in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of the tower head of the power transmission tower of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of an embodiment of a power transmission tower of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a tower head of a power transmission tower of the present invention
  • 6 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of a tower head of a power transmission tower of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of a tower head of the power transmission tower of the present invention.
  • the tower head 100 of the first embodiment of FIG. 1 and the tower head 200 of the second embodiment of FIG. 3 are used for mounting a single-circuit AC transmission line, and the tower head 300 of the third embodiment of FIG. 6 is used for mounting a dual-circuit AC line.
  • the transmission line, the fourth embodiment of the tower head 400 of Fig. 8 is used for mounting a DC transmission line.
  • the above four are all specific embodiments based on the present invention, and the four embodiments are mainly described below.
  • the present invention is not limited to the four embodiments, that is, the above four embodiments can be modified based on the present invention.
  • the tower head 100 of the present embodiment includes a frame 11, a hanging line structure 12 and a support structure 13.
  • the frame 11 forms an outer frame of the entire tower head 100, and is generally made of a metal material to ensure strength, and can also be made of a composite insulating material, which can prevent flashover between the mounted transmission line and the frame 11. .
  • the shape of the frame 11 may be an aesthetic shape such as a heart shape, an apple shape, a racket shape or an animal shape; and may also be designed according to the environment in which it is located, for example, in the Olympic Village, the frame may be designed as a racket shape; In the area where the animal is famous, the frame can be designed into the shape of the animal. Please refer to FIG. 2 for details.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing various shapes of the frame body in the tower head of the power transmission tower of the present invention. 2(a) is an animal shape, FIG. 2(b) is an apple shape, and FIG. 2(c) is a racket shape.
  • the hanging line structure 12 in FIG. 1 is a straight-line hanging line structure, and includes a first insulator 121 and a second insulator 122 which are vertically disposed, and the two ends are connected to form a straight line.
  • the first end of the first insulator 121 is used as the hanging point A1
  • the connecting end of the first end of the first insulator 121 and the first end of the second insulator 122 is connected as the hanging point B1
  • the tail end of the second insulator 122 is used as the hanging end.
  • Line point C1 Therefore, the hanging wire structure 12 has three hanging points A1, B1, and C1 for mounting the three-phase wires of the single-circuit AC transmission line.
  • the hanging wire structure 12 is fixed to the inside of the frame 11 through the supporting structure 13 .
  • the supporting structure 13 includes a third insulator 131 and a fourth insulator 132 , wherein the first end of the first insulator 121 (the hanging point A1 ) passes through the first
  • the third insulator 131 is connected to the frame 11, and the tail end (the hook point C1) of the second insulator 122 is connected to the frame 11 through the fourth insulator 132.
  • the first insulator 121, the second insulator 122, the third insulator 131, and the fourth insulator 132 are vertically disposed on a straight line.
  • the third insulator 131 and the fourth insulator 132 can fix the hanging wire structure 12 in the frame 11, but the vertical hanging wire structure 12 and the supporting structure 13 are not stable enough, and are easily affected by the wind pendulum, if the outer frame 11 If it is made of iron, the flashover problem is likely to occur between the transmission line and the outer frame 11. If the outer frame 11 is a composite material, although there is no flashover problem, the center of gravity of the hanging wire structure is likely to affect the stress of the entire transmission tower, and a tower collapse phenomenon may occur. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1(b), the support structure 13 may further include a fifth insulator 133 and a sixth insulator 134 which are respectively connected to the hanging point B1 and the frame 11 from two directions on both sides of the hanging point B1. between.
  • the design and selection of the above four insulators need to support the gravity of the transmission line while ensuring the insulation distance between the transmission lines.
  • the design of the insulator includes the insulator material design, the length design, the thickness design, the shed design, etc.; the selection of the insulator includes the selection of different types of insulators in the technical field, such as line insulators and post insulators, for example, in the technical field, the line insulators are compared.
  • the post insulators are finer and are mainly used for tensile strength, while the post insulators are mainly used for compression resistance. Therefore, in general, vertical or inclined insulators may be provided with line insulators, and horizontally disposed insulators may be used with post insulators.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the hanging wire structure 12 and the supporting structure 13 may also adopt other forms of insulating members, such as columnar connecting members made of insulating materials such as FRP, as long as it can satisfy the insulation and gravity bearing of the transmission line. Just wait for the demand.
  • a linear hanging structure 12 is used for mounting the transmission line, and the insulator of the hanging structure 12 ensures the insulation distance between the transmission lines.
  • the hanging structure 12 is fixed in the frame 11 through the support structure 13, and the stable mounting of the transmission line is also ensured.
  • the tower head 100 adopting the structure can ensure the transmission line is safely mounted, and the structure of the transmission line is relatively compact, and the corresponding transmission corridor is also small, thereby saving the use of land resources.
  • the tower head 200 of the present embodiment includes a frame body 21, a hanging wire structure 22, and a support structure 23.
  • the frame 21 in FIG. 3 can have a plurality of different shapes.
  • the frame 21 is a heart shape
  • the apple-shaped frame 21 in FIG. 5 is shown in FIG. Schematic diagram of other shapes of the frame 21 in the second embodiment of the tower head 200.
  • the apple blade 214 included in the frame 21 of Fig. 5 is also disposed on the tower body 900 of the power transmission tower.
  • the tower body 900 of FIG. 5 is a lattice structure.
  • the tower body 900 may have other shapes, such as the single-column type in FIG. 3, and the schematic diagram of the tower body 900 in FIG. The size has been reduced, and the size of the tower body 900 in the actual application can ensure the stability of the tower head 200.
  • the frame body 21 may be integrally formed or may be connected by a plurality of curved rods 211.
  • the frame body 21 further includes a mounting structure 213, by which the tower head 200 can be stably fixed to the tower 900 of the power transmission tower. on.
  • the frame 21 can also be integrated with the tower 900 of the power transmission tower.
  • a grounding rod 212 may be disposed on the frame 21 at a position above the hanging line structure 22 and the supporting structure 23 for mounting the grounding line 800.
  • the grounding rod 212 can be made of an insulating material, and the grounding wire 800 can be directly mounted on the grounding rod 212; the grounding rod 212 can also be made of a metal material, and the grounding wire 800 It is mounted on the ground rod 212 by a suspended insulator.
  • the hanging line structure 22 is a triangular hanging line structure including a first insulator 221, a second insulator 222 and a third insulator 223 which are connected to each other to form a triangle, wherein the first insulator 221 is horizontally disposed, and the second insulator 222 and the The three insulators 223 are all inclined.
  • Each of the insulators forms a connection point formed by interconnecting the terminals to form three line points A2, B2, and C2 for mounting the three-phase line 700 of the single-loop AC transmission line (the three-phase line 700 is not shown in FIG. 5).
  • the hanging wire structure 22 is fixed to the inside of the frame 11 by the support structure 23, and in the present embodiment, both ends (the hanging points A2, B2) of the first insulator 221 are connected to the frame 21 via the support structure 23.
  • the support structure 23 includes a fourth insulator 231 and a fifth insulator 232.
  • One end of the first insulator 221 (the hanging point A2) is connected to the frame 21 through the fourth insulator 231, and the other end (the hanging point B2) It is connected to the frame 21 through the fifth insulator 232.
  • the hanging line structure 22 and the supporting structure 23 are generally symmetrically arranged.
  • the wind swing has a certain influence on the hanging wire structure 22 to cause offset.
  • the hanging wire structure 22 is mounted inside the frame 21 by using two insulators, and the two insulators form V.
  • the type of support structure can play a certain role in preventing wind deflection, avoiding the occurrence of a flashover problem or a tower collapse phenomenon.
  • one or two insulators may be further disposed between the hanging point C2 and the frame 21 to pull the entire hanging line structure 22 to make it more stable.
  • the triangular hanging structure 22 and the supporting structure 23 those skilled in the art can further modify the present embodiment. For details, please refer to FIG. 4. FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing other shapes of the hanging line structure and the supporting structure in the second embodiment of the tower head shown in FIG.
  • two insulators are obliquely disposed on both sides from the hanging point C2, and are connected to the frame 21 for pulling.
  • an insulator is vertically connected downward from the hanging point C2 to be attached to the frame 21 for pulling.
  • the hanging line structure is a horizontal mirror setting form of the hanging line structure in Fig. 4(b).
  • the fourth insulator 231 and the fifth insulator 232 and the first insulator 221 are also connected end to end to form a triangular structure, and the connection points of the fourth insulator 231 and the fifth insulator 232 are attached to the frame 21.
  • a triangular hanging structure 22 is adopted, and the transmission lines are respectively mounted on the three end points of the triangle, and the insulator of the hanging line structure 22 ensures the insulation distance between the transmission lines, and the triangular hanging line structure 22 also ensures the transmission.
  • the compact structure of the line and the corresponding transmission line corridor are also small.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a third embodiment of the tower head of the power transmission tower of the present invention.
  • the tower head 300 of the power transmission tower of the present embodiment includes a frame body 31, a hanging line structure 32, and a support structure 33.
  • the frame 31 is a racket shape, and may be other shapes, and details are not described herein.
  • the hanging line structure 32 needs to mount a double-circuit AC transmission line, and thus the hanging line structure 32 has six hanging line points. It can be imagined that for the n-circuit AC transmission line, the hanging line structure can be set to have 3n hanging line points, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the hanging wire structure 32 is a double quadrilateral hanging wire structure including a first insulator 321 , a second insulator 322 and a third insulator 323 which are horizontally disposed and parallel to each other, and a first electrode connecting the adjacent ends of the first insulator 321 and the second insulator 322
  • the fourth insulator 324 and the fifth insulator 325 further include a sixth insulator 326 and a seventh insulator 327 that connect the adjacent ends of the second insulator 322 and the third insulator 323.
  • the first insulator 321, the second insulator 322, the fourth insulator 324, and the fifth insulator 325 form a quadrangle; the second insulator 322, the third insulator 323, the sixth insulator 326, and the seventh insulator 327 constitute another quadrilateral.
  • connection points A3, B3, C3, D3, E3, and F3 at the connection points formed by the interconnection of the terminals, for mounting the three-phase wires of the dual-circuit AC transmission line.
  • the hanging line structure 32 is fixed inside the frame body 31 through the supporting structure 33. Specifically, both ends of the first insulator 321 (hanging line points A3, B3) and the third insulator 323 in the hanging line structure 32 (hanging line points) E3 and F3) are connected to the frame body 31 through the support structure 33. That is, the support structure 33 includes four insulators connected between the hanging points A3, B3, E3, and F3 and the frame 31.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the hanging line structure and other shapes of the supporting structure in the third embodiment of the tower head shown in FIG.
  • the body 31 is in the shape of a heart.
  • the double quadrilateral of the hanging line structure 32 in FIG. 6 is two rectangles, and the double quadrilateral of the hanging line structure 32 in FIG. 7(a) is trapezoidal, and the length of the second insulator 322 is longer than that of the first insulator 321 and the third insulator 323. Long, so that the hanging points C3, D3 expand outward in the horizontal direction compared to the hanging points A3, B3, E3, F3, which effectively increases the gap between A3, E3 and C3, B3, F3 and D3 The insulation distance effectively avoids flashover between transmission lines.
  • the four insulators of the support structure 33 in FIG. 6 are disposed obliquely, and the four insulators of the support structure 33 in FIG. 7(b) are vertically disposed, and the support structure 33 having the obliquely disposed insulators can ensure the stability of the hanging line structure 32. .
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fourth embodiment of the tower head of the power transmission tower of the present invention.
  • the tower head 400 of the present embodiment includes a frame body 41, a hanging wire structure 42 and a support structure 43.
  • the hanging line structure 42 of the tower head 400 of the present embodiment includes 2m hanging line points for mounting the two-phase wire of the m-circuit direct current transmission line, where m is greater than or equal to 1. Integer.
  • the hanging line structure 42 includes two hanging points.
  • the hanging wire structure 42 includes a first insulator 421 disposed horizontally
  • the supporting structure 43 includes a second insulator 431 and a third insulator 432 which are disposed obliquely.
  • Two ends of the first insulator 421 are respectively connected to one ends of the second insulator 431 and the third insulator 432 to form two hanging points A4 and B4, and the other ends of the second insulator 431 and the third insulator 432 are connected to the frame 41.
  • the hanging line structure 42 includes four hanging points.
  • the hanging wire structure 42 includes a first insulator 421 and a second insulator 422 that are horizontally disposed and parallel to each other, and a third insulator 423 and a fourth insulator 424 that connect adjacent ends of the first insulator 421 and the second insulator 422.
  • the first insulator 421, the second insulator 422, the third insulator 423, and the fourth insulator 424 form a quadrilateral, and the four connection points formed by the connection are four hanging points A4, B4, C4, and D4 for attaching the wires.
  • the support structure 43 also includes four insulators which are disposed obliquely and respectively connected between the four hanging points A4, B4, C4, D4 and the frame 41.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the shapes of the hanging line structure 42 and the supporting structure 43 can also be other designs according to actual conditions, as long as the corresponding hanging line points can be formed for hooking the transmission line.
  • the tower head of the power transmission tower of the present invention has been described above by means of four embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above four embodiments.
  • the tower head of the power transmission tower of the present invention comprises a frame body, a hanging line structure and a supporting structure; the hanging line structure comprises at least one insulator, and the end point of at least one insulator is used as a hanging line point of the hanging line structure for mounting the transmission line; the supporting structure is connected The hanging line structure and the frame body are fixed to the inside of the frame by the supporting structure.
  • the at least one insulator constitutes a hanging wire structure, and the end point of at least one insulator is used as a hanging point to mount the transmission line, and the hanging line structure is fixed to the inside of the frame through the supporting structure, so that the hanging line structure can be
  • the design makes the structure of the transmission line relatively compact, and the corresponding transmission line corridor is also small.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the power transmission tower of the present invention.
  • the power transmission tower 500 of the present embodiment includes a tower head 51 and a tower body 52.
  • the tower head 51 is disposed on the tower body 52.
  • the tower head 51 can be separately manufactured from the tower body 52, and then mounted on the tower body 52 after molding.
  • the tower head 51 can also be integrally designed with the tower body 52 to form a transmission pole tower. 500.
  • the tower head 51 is similar to the tower head 100 to the tower head 400, and also includes a frame body 511, a hanging line structure 512 and a supporting structure 513, which are not described in detail.
  • the tower head of the power transmission tower of the present invention is designed to ensure a compact transmission line and a small transmission corridor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Suspension Of Electric Lines Or Cables (AREA)

Abstract

一种输电杆塔的塔头（100, 200, 300, 400），包括框体（11, 21, 31, 41）、挂线结构（12, 22, 32, 42）和支撑结构（13, 23, 33, 43），挂线结构（12, 22, 32, 42）包括至少一个绝缘子，至少一绝缘子的端点作为挂线结构（12, 22, 32, 42）的挂线点，支撑结构（13, 23, 33, 43）连接挂线结构（12, 22, 32, 42）和框体（11, 21, 31, 41）。还提供一种具有该塔头的输电杆塔。该塔头所挂载的输电线路结构紧凑，相应输电线路走廊小。

Description

一种输电杆塔的塔头及输电杆塔
【技术领域】
本发明涉及输电设备领域，尤其是涉及一种输电杆塔的塔头及输电杆塔。
【背景技术】
在输电设备中，输电杆塔主要用于支撑导线，其形状结构及支撑导线的方式有很多种，对于高压输电导线，输电杆塔一般设计为上小下大的铁塔结构。而为实现导线的挂载，具体来说，是在输电杆塔上设置横担，导线挂载于横担的两端。为了保证在风摆影响下，导线与输电杆塔之间还能够有一定的绝缘距离，横担需要有一定的长度，这种情况下，导线之间的距离较大，结构松散，相应的输电线路走廊较宽，造成土地资源浪费严重。
【发明内容】
本发明提供一种输电杆塔的塔头及输电杆塔以解决现有技术中输电线路走廊较宽的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种输电杆塔的塔头，其包括框体、挂线结构和支撑结构；挂线结构包括至少一绝缘子，至少一绝缘子的端点作为挂线结构的挂线点，用于挂载输电线路；支撑结构连接挂线结构及框体，挂线结构通过支撑结构固定于框体内部。
上述输电杆塔的塔头，由于挂线结构固定于框体内部，使得挂接的输电线路结构紧凑，有效地减小了输电线路走廊宽度。
其中，支撑结构包括至少两个绝缘子，至少两个绝缘子均连接于挂线点及框体之间。这样能够方便地实现输电线路的挂接并保证满足输电线路绝缘性能要求。
其中，挂线结构具有3n个挂线点，用于挂载n回路交流输电线路的三相导线，其中n为大于或等于1的整数。
其中，挂线结构为具有三个挂线点的三角形挂线结构，或者具有三个挂线点的直线挂线结构，或者具有六个挂线点的双四边形挂线结构。
其中，直线挂线结构包括竖直设置的第一绝缘子和第二绝缘子，第一绝缘子的尾端与第二绝缘子的首端连接；第一绝缘子的首端和第二绝缘子的尾端均通过支撑结构连接于框体。
其中，三角形挂线结构包括相互连接的第一绝缘子、第二绝缘子和第三绝缘子，其中第一绝缘子水平设置，第二绝缘子和第三绝缘子均倾斜设置；第一绝缘子的两端通过支撑结构连接于框体。
其中，双四边形挂线结构包括水平设置且相互平行的第一绝缘子、第二绝缘子和第三绝缘子，连接第一绝缘子和第二绝缘子相邻端的第四绝缘子和第五绝缘子，连接第二绝缘子和第三绝缘子相邻端的第六绝缘子和第七绝缘子；第一绝缘子的两端和第三绝缘子的两端均通过支撑结构连接于框体。
其中，挂线结构包括2m个挂线点，用于挂载m回路直流输电线路的二相导线，其中m为大于或等于1的整数。
其中，框体包括地线杆，地线杆由框体的外表面伸出于框体的外部，用于挂载地线。
其中，框体为心形、苹果形、球拍形或动物造型。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明还提供一种输电杆塔，其包括塔身和上述塔头，塔头设置在塔身上。
本发明输电杆塔的塔头包括框体、挂线结构和支撑结构；挂线结构包括至少一绝缘子，至少一绝缘子的端点作为挂线结构的挂线点，用于挂载输电线路；支撑结构连接挂线结构及框体，挂线结构通过支撑结构固定于框体内部。本发明将至少一绝缘子构成挂线结构，并将至少一绝缘子的端点作为挂线点，以挂载输电线路，将挂线结构通过支撑结构固定于框体内部，因此可以通过对挂线结构的设计，使得输电线路的结构较为紧凑，相应输电线路走廊也较小。
【附图说明】
图1是本发明输电杆塔的塔头第一实施方式的结构示意图；
图2是本发明输电杆塔的塔头中框体的多种形状的示意图；
图3是本发明输电杆塔的塔头第二实施方式的结构示意图；
图4是图3所示塔头第二实施方式中挂线结构和支撑结构的其他形状的示意图；
图5是图3所示塔头第二实施方式中框体的其他形状的结构示意图；
图6是本发明输电杆塔的塔头第三实施方式的结构示意图；
图7是图6所示塔头第三实施方式中挂线结构和支撑结构的其他形状的示意图；
图8是本发明输电杆塔的塔头第四实施方式的结构示意图；
图9是本发明输电杆塔一实施方式的结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
为方便本领域技术人员理解本发明，对于输电杆塔的塔头，给出4个实施方式进行详细描述。请参阅图1、图3、图6和图8，图1是本发明输电杆塔的塔头第一实施方式的结构示意图，图3是本发明输电杆塔的塔头第二实施方式的结构示意图，图6是本发明输电杆塔的塔头第三实施方式的结构示意图，图8是本发明输电杆塔的塔头第四实施方式的结构示意图。
图1中第一实施方式的塔头100和图3中第二实施方式的塔头200用于挂载单回路交流输电线路，图6中第三实施方式塔头300用于挂载双回路交流输电线路，图8中第四实施方式塔头400用于挂载直流输电线路。
上述四者均为基于本发明的具体实施方式，下面以该四个实施方式为主进行描述。但本发明并不仅限于该四个实施方式，即基于本发明，可对上述四个实施方式进行变形。
一、对于单回路交流输电线路，首先请参阅图1。
图1是本发明输电杆塔的塔头第一实施方式的结构示意图，本实施方式的塔头100包括框体11，挂线结构12和支撑结构13。
其中，框体11形成整个塔头100的外框，一般采用金属材料制得，以保证强度，也可采用复合绝缘材料制得，可防止挂载的输电线路与框体11之间的闪络。框体11形状可以为心形、苹果型、球拍形或动物造型等具有美感的形状；还可根据其所处的环境进行设计，例如在奥运村，框体可设计为球拍形状；在以某种动物闻名的地区，框体可设计为该动物的形状。具体请参阅图2，图2是本发明输电杆塔的塔头中框体的多种形状的示意图。如图2（a）为动物形状，图2（b）为苹果形状，图2（c）为球拍形状。
图1中挂线结构12为直线挂线结构，包括竖直设置的第一绝缘子121和第二绝缘子122，两者首尾连接形成直线。其中，第一绝缘子121的首端作为挂线点A1，第一绝缘子121的尾端和第二绝缘子122的首端连接形成的连接点作为挂线点B1，第二绝缘子122的尾端作为挂线点C1。因此该挂线结构12具有三个挂线点A1、B1、C1，以挂载单回路交流输电线路的三相导线。
挂线结构12通过支撑结构13固定于框体11的内部，具体来说，支撑结构13包括第三绝缘子131和第四绝缘子132，其中第一绝缘子121的首端（挂线点A1）通过第三绝缘子131连接于框体11，第二绝缘子122的尾端（挂线点C1）通过第四绝缘子132连接于框体11。
本实施方式中，第一绝缘子121、第二绝缘子122、第三绝缘子131和第四绝缘子132均在一条直线上竖直设置。第三绝缘子131和第四绝缘子132可以将挂线结构12固定在框体11内，但竖直的挂线结构12及支撑结构13不够稳定，容易受风摆影响发生偏移，若外框11为铁制，则输电线路与外框11间容易出现闪络问题。若外框11为复合材料，虽然不会出现闪络问题，但挂线结构重心偏移容易影响整个输电杆塔的受力情况，可能发生倒塔现象。因此，如图1（b）所示，支撑结构13还可进一步包括第五绝缘子133和第六绝缘子134，分别从挂线点B1两侧的两个方向连接于挂线点B1和框体11之间。
上述四个绝缘子的设计及选择，需要在保证输电线路间绝缘距离的同时，还能承载输电线路的重力。绝缘子的设计包括绝缘子材料设计、长度设计、粗细设计、伞裙设计等；绝缘子的选择则包括线路绝缘子、支柱绝缘子等本技术领域不同类型绝缘子的选择，例如在本技术领域中，线路绝缘子相较支柱绝缘子更细，其主要用于抗拉，而支柱绝缘子主要用于抗压，因此一般来说竖直或倾斜设置的绝缘子可以采用线路绝缘子，水平设置的绝缘子可以采用支柱绝缘子。当然，本发明不局限于此，挂线结构12和支撑结构13也可以采用其他形式的绝缘件，如采用玻璃钢等绝缘材料制成的柱状连接件等，只要能够满足输电线路的绝缘、重力承载等需求即可。
本实施方式中采用直线型的挂线结构12，用以挂载输电线路，挂线结构12的绝缘子保证了输电线路间的绝缘距离。通过支撑结构13将挂线结构12固定于框体11内，也保证了输电线路的稳定挂载。采用该结构的塔头100能够在保证输电线路安全挂载的同时，使得输电线路的结构较为紧凑，相应的输电走廊也较小，从而节约土地资源的使用。
二、对于单回路交流输电线路，其次请参阅图3。
图3是本发明输电杆塔的塔头第二实施方式的结构示意图。本实施方式的塔头200包括框体21、挂线结构22和支撑结构23。
如塔头100中所描述的，图3中的框体21可为多种不同形状，图3中框体21为心形，图5中苹果形的框体21，图5是图3所示塔头200第二实施方式中框体21的其他形状的结构示意图。图5中的框体21所包括的苹果叶片214也设置在输电杆塔的塔身900上。其中，图5的塔身900为格构式，在其他实施方式中塔身900也可为其他形状，例如图3中的单柱式等，需要说明的是示意图图3中对塔身900的尺寸作了缩小，实际应用中塔身900的尺寸较大能够保证塔头200的稳定。
框体21可以一体化形成，也可以由多个曲杆211连接而成，框体21进一步包括一安装结构213，通过该安装结构213，塔头200能够稳定的固定在输电杆塔的塔身900上。当然，框体21也可与输电杆塔的塔身900一体化设计。
当输电杆塔为高电压等级，即用作高电压输电线路时，在框体21上位于挂线结构22和支撑结构23上方的位置上还可设置地线杆212，用以挂载地线800（图5中地线800未示出），地线杆212可采用绝缘材料，则地线800可直接挂载于地线杆212上；地线杆212也可采用金属材料，则地线800通过悬垂绝缘子挂载于地线杆212上。
本实施方式中挂线结构22为三角形挂线结构，其包括相互连接形成三角形的第一绝缘子221、第二绝缘子222和第三绝缘子223，其中第一绝缘子221水平设置，第二绝缘子222和第三绝缘子223均倾斜设置。各个绝缘子在端点相互连接形成的连接点构成三个挂线点A2、B2、C2，用以挂载单回路交流输电线路的三相导线700（图5中三相导线700未示出）。
挂线结构22通过支撑结构23固定于框体11的内部，本实施方式中，第一绝缘子221的两端（挂线点A2、B2）通过支撑结构23连接于框体21上。
具体来说，支撑结构23包括第四绝缘子231和第五绝缘子232，第一绝缘子221的一端（挂线点A2）通过第四绝缘子231连接于框体21上，另一端（挂线点B2）通过第五绝缘子232连接于框体21上。
其中，为保证受力均匀，结构稳定，挂线结构22及支撑结构23一般会采用对称设置。
在实际应用中，风摆会对挂线结构22造成一定影响使其发生偏移，而本实施方式中通过采用两个绝缘子将挂线结构22挂载于框体21内部，两个绝缘子形成V型支撑结构可以起到一定的防风偏作用，避免发生偏移导致闪络问题或倒塔现象。此外，在挂线点C2与框体21之间还可进一步设置一个或两个绝缘子，以牵引整个挂线结构22，使其更加稳定。且对于三角形的挂线结构22以及支撑结构23，本领域技术人员也可在本实施方式的基础上作进一步的变形。具体请参阅图4，图4是图3所示塔头第二实施方式中挂线结构和支撑结构的其他形状的示意图。图4（a）中，由挂线点C2向两侧斜向设置两个绝缘子连接于框体21上进行牵引。图4（b）中，由挂线点C2竖直向下设置一个绝缘子连接于框体21上进行牵引。图4（c）中，挂线结构为图4（b）中挂线结构的水平镜像设置形式。图4（d）中，第四绝缘子231和第五绝缘子232以及第一绝缘子221也首尾相连接组成三角形结构，第四绝缘子231和第五绝缘子232的连接点挂接于框体21上。
本实施方式中采用三角形的挂线结构22，输电线路分别挂载于三角形的三个端点，挂线结构22的绝缘子保证了输电线路之间的绝缘距离，三角形的挂线结构22同样保证了输电线路的紧凑结构，相应输电线路走廊也较小。
三、对于双回路交流输电线路，塔头的设计请参阅图6。
图6是本发明输电杆塔的塔头第三实施方式的结构示意图。本实施方式输电杆塔的塔头300包括框体31、挂线结构32以及支撑结构33。
其中框体31为球拍形，也可为其他形状，具体不再赘述。
本实施方式挂线结构32需要挂载双回路交流输电线路，因此挂线结构32具有六个挂线点。可想而知，对于n回路交流输电线路，可设置挂线结构具有3n个挂线点，n为大于等于1的整数。
该挂线结构32为双四边形挂线结构，其包括水平设置且相互平行的第一绝缘子321、第二绝缘子322和第三绝缘子323，以及连接第一绝缘子321和第二绝缘子322相邻端的第四绝缘子324和第五绝缘子325，还包括连接第二绝缘子322和第三绝缘子323相邻端的第六绝缘子326和第七绝缘子327。
其中第一绝缘子321、第二绝缘子322、第四绝缘子324和第五绝缘子325构成一个四边形；第二绝缘子322、第三绝缘子323、第六绝缘子326和第七绝缘子327构成另一个四边形。
以上七个绝缘子在端点相互连接形成的连接点构成六个挂线点A3、B3、C3、D3、E3、F3，用以挂载双回路交流输电线路的三相导线。
挂线结构32通过支撑结构33固定在框体31内部，具体来说，挂线结构32中的第一绝缘子321两端（挂线点A3、B3）和第三绝缘子323两端（挂线点E3、F3）均通过支撑结构33连接于框体31。即支撑结构33包括4个绝缘子，连接于挂线点A3、B3、E3、F3与框体31之间。
挂线结构32和支撑结构33也有多种方式，具体请参阅图7，图7是图6所示塔头第三实施方式中挂线结构和支撑结构的其他形状的示意图，且图7中框体31为心形。
图6中挂线结构32的双四边形为两个长方形，图7（a）中挂线结构32的双四边形为梯形，第二绝缘子322的长度相较于第一绝缘子321和第三绝缘子323较长，从而使得挂线点C3、D3相较于挂线点A3、B3、E3、F3在水平方向上向外扩展，这样有效增加了A3、E3与C3之间，B3、F3与D3之间的绝缘距离，有效避免了输电线路之间发生闪络。
另外，图6中支撑结构33的四个绝缘子为倾斜设置，图7（b）中支撑结构33的四个绝缘子竖直设置，具有倾斜设置绝缘子的支撑结构33能够保证挂线结构32更为稳定。
四、对于直流输电线路，塔头的设计请参阅图8。
图8是本发明输电杆塔的塔头第四实施方式的结构示意图。本实施方式塔头400包括框体41、挂线结构42和支撑结构43。
由于直流输电线路为二相导线，因此本实施方式塔头400的挂线结构42包括2m个挂线点，用于挂载m回路直流输电线路的二相导线，其中m为大于或等于1的整数。
如图8（a）所示，对于单回路直流输电线路，挂线结构42包括两个挂线点。具体地，挂线结构42包括水平设置的第一绝缘子421，支撑结构43包括倾斜设置的第二绝缘子431和第三绝缘子432。第一绝缘子421的两端分别与第二绝缘子431和第三绝缘子432的一端连接形成两个挂线点A4和B4，第二绝缘子431和第三绝缘子432的另一端连接在框体41上。
如图8（b）所示，对于双回路直流输电线路，挂线结构42则包括四个挂线点。具体地，挂线结构42包括水平设置且相互平行的第一绝缘子421和第二绝缘子422，以及连接第一绝缘子421和第二绝缘子422相邻端的第三绝缘子423、第四绝缘子424。第一绝缘子421、第二绝缘子422、第三绝缘子423、第四绝缘子424构成一个四边形，连接形成的四个连接点即为四个挂线点A4、B4、C4、D4用于挂接导线。支撑结构43也包括四个绝缘子，倾斜设置并分别连接于四个挂线点A4、B4、C4、D4与框体41之间。
当然，本发明不局限于此，挂线结构42及支撑结构43的形状也可根据实际情况进行其他设计，只要能够形成相应的挂线点用于挂接输电线路即可。
以上通过四个实施方式对本发明输电杆塔的塔头进行说明，但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于上述四个实施方式。本发明输电杆塔的塔头包括框体、挂线结构和支撑结构；挂线结构包括至少一绝缘子，至少一绝缘子的端点作为挂线结构的挂线点，用于挂载输电线路；支撑结构连接挂线结构及框体，挂线结构通过支撑结构固定于框体内部。本发明将至少一绝缘子构成挂线结构，并将至少一绝缘子的端点作为挂线点，以挂载输电线路，将挂线结构通过支撑结构固定于框体内部，因此可以通过对挂线结构的设计，使得输电线路的结构较为紧凑，相应输电线路走廊也较小。
对于上述输电杆塔的塔头，其设置在塔身上共同构成输电杆塔，请参阅图9，图9是本发明输电杆塔一实施方式的结构示意图。本实施方式输电杆塔500包括塔头51和塔身52。
其中塔头51设置在塔身52上，塔头51可以区别于塔身52单独制造，成型后再安装于塔身52上；塔头51也可以与塔身52一体设计，一起制造形成输电杆塔500。
该塔头51与上述塔头100~塔头400类似，也包括框体511、挂线结构512和支撑结构513，具体不再赘述。
本发明的输电杆塔中塔头的设计能够保证紧凑的输电线路，以及较小的输电走廊。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施方式，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种输电杆塔的塔头，其特征在于，所述塔头包括框体、挂线结构和支撑结构；
    所述挂线结构包括至少一绝缘子，所述至少一绝缘子的端点作为所述挂线结构的挂线点，用于挂载输电线路；
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的塔头，其特征在于，所述支撑结构包括至少两个绝缘子，所述至少两个绝缘子均连接于所述挂线点及所述框体之间。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的塔头，其特征在于，所述挂线结构具有3n个挂线点，用于挂载n回路交流输电线路的三相导线，其中所述n为大于或等于1的整数。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的塔头，其特征在于，所述挂线结构为具有三个挂线点的三角形挂线结构，或者具有三个挂线点的直线挂线结构，或者具有六个挂线点的双四边形挂线结构。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的塔头，其特征在于，所述直线挂线结构包括竖直设置的第一绝缘子和第二绝缘子，所述第一绝缘子的尾端与所述第二绝缘子的首端连接；所述第一绝缘子的首端和所述第二绝缘子的尾端均通过所述支撑结构连接于所述框体。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的塔头，其特征在于，所述三角形挂线结构包括相互连接的第一绝缘子、第二绝缘子和第三绝缘子，其中所述第一绝缘子水平设置，所述第二绝缘子和所述第三绝缘子均倾斜设置；第一绝缘子的两端通过所述支撑结构连接于所述框体。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的塔头，其特征在于，所述双四边形挂线结构包括水平设置且相互平行的第一绝缘子、第二绝缘子和第三绝缘子，连接所述第一绝缘子和第二绝缘子相邻端的第四绝缘子和第五绝缘子，连接第二绝缘子和第三绝缘子相邻端的第六绝缘子和第七绝缘子；第一绝缘子的两端和第三绝缘子的两端均通过所述支撑结构连接于所述框体。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的塔头，其特征在于，所述挂线结构包括2m个挂线点，用于挂载m回路直流输电线路的二相导线，其中所述m为大于或等于1的整数。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的塔头，其特征在于，所述框体包括地线杆，所述地线杆由所述框体的外表面伸出于所述框体的外部，用于挂载地线。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的塔头，其特征在于，所述框体为心形、苹果形、球拍形或动物造型。
  11. 一种输电杆塔，其特征在于，所述输电杆塔包括塔身和权利要求1-10中任一项所述的塔头，所述塔头设置于所述塔身上。
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CN110056244A (zh) * 2019-04-17 2019-07-26 国网安徽省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 一种单回路多用途杆塔
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CN110374390B (zh) * 2019-07-29 2024-02-06 中国能源建设集团湖南省电力设计院有限公司 一种500千伏垂直布置双回紧凑型的“非”字型转换耐张塔
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CN110970851A (zh) * 2019-12-06 2020-04-07 中国电力工程顾问集团西南电力设计院有限公司 一种防风偏用“ч”型悬垂串
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