WO2018053886A1 - 色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口的方法 - Google Patents

色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口的方法 Download PDF

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WO2018053886A1
WO2018053886A1 PCT/CN2016/101833 CN2016101833W WO2018053886A1 WO 2018053886 A1 WO2018053886 A1 WO 2018053886A1 CN 2016101833 W CN2016101833 W CN 2016101833W WO 2018053886 A1 WO2018053886 A1 WO 2018053886A1
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color
related potential
stimulation
computer interface
brain
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陶陆阳
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苏州大学
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
    • G06F3/015—Input arrangements based on nervous system activity detection, e.g. brain waves [EEG] detection, electromyograms [EMG] detection, electrodermal response detection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/01—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/01
    • G06F2203/011—Emotion or mood input determined on the basis of sensed human body parameters such as pulse, heart rate or beat, temperature of skin, facial expressions, iris, voice pitch, brain activity patterns

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of human-computer interaction, in particular to a non-attention event-related potential brain-computer interface method for automatic recognition of color vision.
  • Color vision is a fundamental and important component of visual function and is a special sensory function of human retinal cone cells.
  • the wavelength of visible light in normal human eyes is 390-780 nm.
  • 120 to 180 different colors including 7 main colors of red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple can be distinguished, such as lack of color vision.
  • the color vision is abnormal, that is, color blindness or color weakness.
  • the cone cells are concentrated in the center of the retina, the central part has the strongest color discrimination ability, and the sensitivity of the peripheral retina to the four colors of green, red, yellow and blue decreases and gradually disappears. Because the three colors of red, green and blue are properly mixed to produce white light and any color in the spectrum, the "three primary color theory" is often used to explain the color perception mechanism.
  • the brain computer interface (BCI) system is a communication system that does not require the involvement of peripheral nerves and muscles. It aims to establish a direct communication channel between the human brain and the outside world by extracting characteristic EEG signals. The identified brain commands or information are passed to the controlled external device, and the brain's direct control of the external device is finally completed.
  • BCI based on visual evoked potential usually has higher information transmission rate, time resolution, and system simplicity.
  • the method of color vision inspection includes false homochromatic image inspection, color wool inspection, hue alignment, color vision examination, etc., but all inspection methods require subjective cooperation of the subjects, all using event related potential (ERP) ), functional magnetic resonance and near-infrared detection methods identify the active attention processing process of the brain, and lack the method for identifying brain changes during automatic brain processing and The corresponding non-attention processing of brain-computer interface basic data.
  • ERP event related potential
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a non-attention event related potential brain-computer interface method for automatically recognizing color vision, establish a visual ERP stimulation sequence and an acquisition method, and study the automatic perception of the brain in the process of color change, and further Establishing a brain-computer interface for automatically judging color changes, the present invention has broad application prospects for establishing brain-machine color information interaction and developing corresponding instrument detection equipment.
  • the invention discloses a non-attention event related potential brain-computer interface method for automatically recognizing color vision, comprising the following steps:
  • the color vision stimulus includes a standard stimulus and a deviation stimulus, and the standard stimulus and the deviation stimulus are different colors.
  • the color vision stimulation parameter includes a color stimulation image when each is presented
  • the color stimuli the shape and size of the picture, the rendering time of each color stimulating picture, the interval between adjacent two color stimulating pictures, the number of times the color stimuli picture appears, and the probability of occurrence of standard and bias stimuli.
  • each color stimulating picture is 100-500 ms
  • the interval between adjacent two color stimulating pictures is 500-1000 ms
  • the number of occurrences of color stimulating pictures is 300-500 times
  • the probability of occurrence of standard stimuli is 70 ⁇ 80%
  • the probability of deviation stimulation is 20 to 30%.
  • the color of the standard stimulus and the deviation stimulus is one or more of red, green, blue, orange, yellow, cyan or purple.
  • the event-related potential processing device is a computer.
  • the multi-lead electrode cap is a 16-64 lead electrode cap.
  • the distance between the user and the color stimulation picture is 1 m to 5 m.
  • processing and analyzing the original EEG signal includes steps: EEG preview, removal of electro-oculogram and myoelectric artifact, EEG segmentation, baseline correction, artifact removal, superposition average, Digital filtering and smoothing processing, saving and performing total averaging to identify and measure waveforms.
  • the difference component includes P1, N1, P2, N2, vMMN, and P3a components.
  • the automatic recognition of color vision includes color vision detection, electronic entertainment based on color vision-based brain-computer interaction, color vision detector developed based on color vision activity, color vision detection software or color vision based brain-computer interactive electronic entertainment machine.
  • the original 10-20 EEG recording system electrode distribution is used to collect the original EEG signal of the user's non-attention event-related potential in the process.
  • the shape of the color stimulation picture is circular, and the diameter of the circle is 5 to 10 cm.
  • step (3) the user's eyes directly view the color vision stimulus and select the monocular activity. Mask non-experimental eyes.
  • step (3) the user needs to answer relevant questions about the content of the auditory stimulation.
  • the time period between the stimulation starting point and the peak of the peak is used as the incubation period for all components, and for the P1, N1, P2, N2, and P3 components, the amplitude is measured by the baseline-peak method.
  • the amplitudes of the vMMN and P3a components are analyzed by the average amplitude in the corresponding time window.
  • the characteristic P1, N1 and P2, N2 and vMMN and P3a components are generated when the deviation stimulus occurs, and the corresponding stimulation time frequency can be determined to determine which color the subject can recognize. .
  • the characteristic P1, N1 and P2, N2 and vMMN and P3a components are not generated.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the present invention uses a "high-level visual center for non-attention processing of visual information stimuli" as a theoretical basis, designing dynamically changing color stimuli pictures, randomly presenting different color stimuli through a central field of view.
  • the multi-channel EEG signals induced by different color stimulation pictures are recorded by EEG acquisition equipment, the non-attention processing ERP components of the brain visual center are analyzed, and the ERP brain-machine interface is established by establishing color vision change;
  • the technical method of design can establish the ERP waveform generated by the color vision stimulation and the brain automatic processing, and establish the color vision ERP non-attention processing brain-computer interface.
  • the subject can be found according to the change of the color stimulation sequence.
  • the reaction provides a new technical means for objectively detecting the color vision function, and overcomes the shortcomings of subjective cooperation of the subject.
  • the invention has broad application prospects for establishing brain-machine color information interaction and developing corresponding instrument detection equipment, which can be clinical , eye optometry and forensic industry services, and will generate huge Social and economic benefits.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the appearance of color vision stimulation of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the electrode distribution of the electroencephalogram recording system of the present invention.
  • the non-attention event related potential brain-computer interface of the present invention is used for a method based on color vision activity, comprising the steps of: first connecting an event-related potential processing device with an amplifier for detecting an EEG signal and a multi-lead electrode cap; setting event correlation
  • the color stimulation device in the potential processing device applies color vision stimulation parameters to the user; the user applies the auditory stimulation while performing the color vision stimulation; and collects the original EEG of the user's non-attention event related potential in the above process through the amplifier and the multi-lead electrode cap Signal; applying event-related potential processing device to process and analyze the original EEG signal, obtain the difference component produced by the color vision stimulus, compare the correlation between the color vision stimulus and the difference component, find the corresponding color that the user can recognize, and establish the automatic recognition of color vision
  • the non-attention event related potential brain-machine interface is used for a method based on color vision activity, comprising the steps of: first connecting an event-related potential processing device with an amplifier for detecting an EEG signal and a multi-
  • the color stimulation picture is a circular shape with a diameter of 10mm, including red standard stimulation and green deviation stimulation.
  • the test distance between the subject and the computer screen is 1m (equivalent to 33° field of view), the probability of occurrence of standard stimuli is 80%, and the probability of occurrence of bias stimuli is 20%.
  • the color stimulation picture presentation time is 300ms, the stimulation interval time of the adjacent two color stimulation pictures is 500ms, and the stimulation times are 300 times, FIG. 1 is the present invention. Schematic diagram of color vision stimulation.
  • the 32-lead electrode cap was worn on the subject's head, and the original EEG signal of the user's non-attention event-related potential in the following process was collected using the international 10-20 EEG recording system electrode distribution mode (as shown in FIG. 2).
  • the Cz electrode is the intersection of the coronal line and the sagittal line
  • the Oz electrode is 1.5 cm to 3 cm above the midline of the occipital trochanter
  • the Fz electrode is 1.5 cm to 3 cm above the root of the forehead.
  • the subject is then placed on the back of the darkroom, the cornea is at the same height as the center of the television screen, ie the eye is horizontally oriented directly at the center of the display.
  • test eyes were tested in a single eye, and the non-experimental eyes were covered with a covering.
  • the color stimuli images are randomly displayed on the computer screen.
  • the subjects are required to pay attention to the auditory stimuli sound “ne” and count them.
  • the eyes can look at the center of the front screen, and the subjects are allowed to answer the number of times the auditory stimuli appear after the end.
  • the waveform After performing EEG preview on the acquired ERP waveform, removing artifacts such as electro-oculography and myoelectricity, performing EEG segmentation, baseline correction, artifact removal, superposition averaging, digital filtering, and smoothing, etc., save and perform total average
  • the statistical analysis is performed. For all components, the time period from the start point to the peak of the peak is used as the incubation period. For components such as P1, N1, P2, N2 and P3, the amplitude is measured by the baseline-peak method, and the vMMN and P3a components are used for the corresponding time. The average amplitude within the window was statistically analyzed.
  • the characteristic P1, N1 and P2, N2 and vMMN and P3a components will be generated whenever the deviation stimulus occurs.
  • the corresponding stimulation time frequency can be determined to determine the subject can recognize the The color, if the ERP component cannot be extracted when the deviation stimulus is presented, it can be determined that the subject cannot recognize the color.

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Abstract

一种色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口方法，包括以下步骤：（1）将事件相关电位处理装置与检测脑电信号的放大器及多导联电极帽连接；（2）设定事件相关电位处理装置中颜色刺激图片对用户的色觉刺激参数；（3）在用户进行色觉刺激的同时对用户施加听觉刺激；（4）采集上述过程中用户的非注意事件相关电位的原始脑电信号；（5）应用事件相关电位处理装置对原始脑电信号进行处理和分析，得到不同色觉序列刺激产生的时序性特异成分，并根据这些特异成分建立色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口。色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口为色觉自动识别的脑-机交互以及客观检测色觉功能提供新的技术手段，克服需要用户主观配合的缺点。

Description

色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及人机交互技术领域，尤其涉及一种色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口方法。
背景技术
色觉是视觉功能基本而重要的组成部分，是人类视网膜视锥细胞的特殊感觉功能。正常人眼可见光线的波长是390～780毫微米，一般可辨出包括红、橙、黄、绿、青、蓝、紫7种主要颜色在内的120～180种不同的颜色，如缺乏色觉或色觉不正常，就是色盲或色弱。因视锥细胞集中分布在视网膜中心部，故中心部辨色能力最强，周边部视网膜对绿、红、黄、蓝4种颜色的感受力依次降低并逐渐消失。因红、绿、蓝3种色光作适当混合可产生白光以及光谱上的任何颜色，所以目前多用“三原色学说”来解释色觉机理。
脑-机接口(brain computer interface，BCI)系统是一种不需要外周神经与肌肉参与的通讯系统，它旨在建立人脑与外部世界直接交流的通道，通过提取特征性脑电信号，从而将识别出的大脑指令或者信息传递给被控制的外部设备，最终完成大脑对外部设备的直接控制。相对于其它信号的BCI系统，基于视觉诱发电位的BCI通常具有更高的信息传输率、时间分辨率、系统简便等优点。色觉的检查方法包括假同色图检查法、彩色绒线检查法、色相排列法、色觉镜检查法等，但所有检查方法均需要被试者主观配合，都是利用事件相关电位(event related potential，ERP)、功能磁共振及近红外检测方法对大脑主动的注意加工过程进行识别，而缺乏对大脑自动加工时大脑变化进行识别的方法及与 其相对应的非注意加工脑机接口基础数据。
鉴于上述原因，本发明人积极加以研究创新，以期创建一种新型色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口方法，使其更具有产业上的利用价值。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的是提供一种色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口方法，建立视觉ERP刺激序列和采集方法，研究大脑在颜色变化过程中的自动感知，进而建立自动判断颜色变化的脑-机接口，本发明对建立脑-机颜色的信息交互并开发相应的仪器检测设备具有广泛的应用前景。
本发明公开了一种色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将事件相关电位处理装置与检测脑电信号的放大器及多导联电极帽连接；
(2)设定事件相关电位处理装置中颜色刺激图片对用户的色觉刺激参数；
(3)在用户进行色觉刺激的同时对用户施加听觉刺激；
(4)通过放大器及多导联电极帽采集步骤(3)过程中用户的非注意事件相关电位的原始脑电信号；
(5)应用事件相关电位处理装置对原始脑电信号进行处理和分析，得到色觉刺激产生的差异成分，比对色觉刺激与差异成分的相关性，建立色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口。
进一步的，在步骤(2)中，色觉刺激包括标准刺激和偏差刺激，标准刺激与偏差刺激为不同颜色。
进一步的，在步骤(2)中，色觉刺激参数包括颜色刺激图片呈现时，每个 颜色刺激图片的形状和大小、每个颜色刺激图片的呈现时间、相邻两个颜色刺激图片的间隔时间、颜色刺激图片出现的次数及标准刺激和偏差刺激出现的概率。
进一步的，每个颜色刺激图片的呈现时间为100-500ms，相邻两个颜色刺激图片的间隔时间为500-1000ms，颜色刺激图片出现次数为300-500次，标准刺激出现的概率为70～80％，偏差刺激出现的概率为20～30％。
进一步的，标准刺激和偏差刺激的颜色为红色、绿色、蓝色、橙色、黄色、青色或紫色中的一种或几种。
进一步的，在步骤(1)中，事件相关电位处理装置为计算机。
进一步的，在步骤(1)中，多导联电极帽为16～64多导联电极帽。
进一步的，在步骤(2)中，用户与颜色刺激图片的距离为1m～5m。
进一步的，在步骤(5)中，对原始脑电信号进行处理和分析包括步骤：脑电预览、去除眼电和肌电伪迹，脑电分段、基线校正、去除伪迹、叠加平均、数字滤波和平滑化处理，保存并进行总平均后进行波形的识别与测量。
进一步的，在步骤(5)中，差异成分包括P1、N1、P2、N2、vMMN和P3a成分。
进一步的，色觉自动识别包括色觉检测、基于色觉的脑-机交互的电子娱乐以及基于色觉活动开发的色觉检测仪、色觉检测软件或基于色觉的脑-机交互电子娱乐机。
进一步的，在步骤(1)中，采用国际10-20脑电记录系统电极分布采集该过程中用户的非注意事件相关电位的原始脑电信号。
进一步的，在步骤(2)中，颜色刺激图片的形状为圆形，圆形的直径5～10cm。
进一步的，在步骤(3)中，用户眼睛水平直视色觉刺激，选择单眼活动， 遮蔽非实验用眼。
进一步的，在步骤(3)中，用户需要回答关于听觉刺激内容的相关问题。
进一步的，在步骤(5)中，对所有成分以刺激起始点到波峰顶点之间的时间段作为其潜伏期，对于P1、N1、P2、N2和P3成分，波幅的测量采用基线—波峰的方法，vMMN和P3a成分波幅用相应时间窗内的平均波幅进行分析。
进一步的，对于用户可以区分的颜色，偏差刺激出现时会产生特征性的P1、N1和P2、N2及vMMN和P3a成分，比对相应的刺激时间频率可以确定被试者能够识别哪一种颜色。
进一步的，对于用户不能区分的颜色，偏差刺激出现时，不会产生特征性的P1、N1和P2、N2及vMMN和P3a成分。
借由上述方案，本发明具有以下优点：
针对目前缺少颜色变化自动识别的脑-机接口，本发明以“高级视中枢可对视觉信息刺激进行非注意加工”为理论依据，设计动态变化的颜色刺激图片，通过中心视野随机呈现不同颜色刺激图片的方式，通过脑电采集设备记录不同颜色刺激图片所诱导出的多导脑电信号，分析大脑视中枢的非注意加工ERP成分，建立色觉变化自动识别ERP脑-机接口；应用本发明所设计的技术方法，可以建立色觉刺激与大脑自动处理产生的ERP波形进行交互对应识别，建立色觉ERP非注意加工脑-机接口，可根据颜色刺激序列的变化找出被试者对不同颜色变化的反应，为客观检测色觉功能提供新的技术手段，克服需要被试者主观配合的缺点，本发明对建立脑-机颜色的信息交互并开发相应的仪器检测设备具有广泛的应用前景，可为临床、眼视光和司法鉴定行业服务，并将产生巨大的社会效益和经济效益。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术 手段，并可依照说明书的内容予以实施，以下为本发明的实施例，并配合附图详细说明如后。
附图说明
图1是本发明色觉刺激显现示意图；
图2是本发明脑电记录系统电极分布示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
本发明的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口用于基于色觉活动的方法，包括以下步骤：首先将事件相关电位处理装置与检测脑电信号的放大器及多导联电极帽连接；设定事件相关电位处理装置中颜色刺激图片对用户的色觉刺激参数；在用户进行色觉刺激的同时对用户施加听觉刺激；通过放大器及多导联电极帽采集上述过程中用户的非注意事件相关电位的原始脑电信号；应用事件相关电位处理装置对原始脑电信号进行处理和分析，得到色觉刺激产生的差异成分，比对色觉刺激与差异成分的相关性，找出用户可识别的相应颜色，建立色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口。
具体实施方式如下：
在电脑上应用E-prime软件建立跨通道视觉Oddball刺激非注意实验模式，颜色刺激图片为直径10mm的圆形，包括红色的标准刺激和绿色的偏差刺激，被试者与电脑屏幕的测试距离为1m(相当于33°视野范围)，标准刺激出现概率为80％、偏差刺激的出现概率为20％。颜色刺激图片呈现时间为300ms，相邻两个颜色刺激图片的刺激间隔时间为500ms，刺激次数300次，图1为本发明 色觉刺激显现示意图。
将32导联电极帽戴在受试者头上，采用国际10-20脑电记录系统电极分布方式(如图2所示)采集以下过程中用户的非注意事件相关电位的原始脑电信号。图2中，Cz电极为冠状线与矢状线的交点，Oz电极为枕骨粗隆中线上方1.5cm～3cm处，Fz电极为前额正中鼻根部上方1.5cm～3cm处。然后令受试者坐于暗室的靠背椅上，眼角膜与电视屏中心等高，即眼睛水平直视于显示屏中央。被试实验眼单眼进行实验，用遮盖物遮蔽非实验用眼。色觉刺激图片随机呈现在电脑屏幕上，与此同时要求被试认真注意听觉刺激声音“ne”并进行计数，同时眼睛平视前方屏幕中央即可，结束后让被试者回答听觉刺激出现的次数。
对采集的ERP波形进行脑电预览、去除眼电和肌电等伪迹后，进行脑电分段、基线校正、去除伪迹、叠加平均、数字滤波和平滑化处理等，保存并进行总平均后进行波形的识别与测量，最后进行统计分析。对所有成分以刺激起始点到波峰顶点之间的时间段作为其潜伏期，对于P1、N1、P2、N2和P3等成分，波幅的测量采用基线－波峰的方法，vMMN和P3a成分波幅用相应时间窗内的平均波幅进行统计分析。
若被试者可以区分偏差刺激的颜色，每当偏差刺激出现时都会产生特征性的P1、N1和P2、N2及vMMN和P3a成分，比对相应的刺激时间频率可以确定被试者能够识别该颜色，若在偏差刺激呈现时没能够引出上述ERP成分时，可以确定被试者不能识别该颜色。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，并不用于限制本发明，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变型，这些改进和变型也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)将事件相关电位处理装置与检测脑电信号的放大器及多导联电极帽连接；
    (2)设定所述事件相关电位处理装置中颜色刺激图片对用户的色觉刺激参数；
    (3)在用户进行色觉刺激的同时对用户施加听觉刺激；
    (4)通过所述放大器及所述多导联电极帽采集步骤(3)过程中用户的非注意事件相关电位的原始脑电信号；
    (5)应用所述事件相关电位处理装置对所述原始脑电信号进行处理和分析，得到所述不同色觉序列刺激产生的时序性特异成分，并根据这些特异成分建立色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口方法，其特征在于：在步骤(2)中，所述色觉刺激包括标准刺激和偏差刺激，所述标准刺激与偏差刺激为不同颜色。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口方法，其特征在于：在步骤(2)中，所述色觉刺激参数包括每个所述颜色刺激图片的形状和大小、每个所述颜色刺激图片的呈现时间、相邻两个颜色刺激图片的间隔时间、所述颜色刺激图片出现的次数及所述标准刺激和偏差刺激出现的概率。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口方法，其特征在于：每个所述颜色刺激图片的呈现时间为100-500ms，相邻两 个颜色刺激图片的间隔时间为500-1000ms，所述颜色刺激图片出现次数为300-500次，所述标准刺激出现的概率为70～80％，所述的偏差刺激概率为20～30％。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口方法，其特征在于：所述标准刺激和偏差刺激的颜色为红色、绿色、蓝色、橙色、黄色、青色或紫色中的一种或几种。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口方法，其特征在于：在步骤(1)中，所述事件相关电位处理装置为计算机。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口方法，其特征在于：在步骤(1)中，所述多导联电极帽为16～64多导联电极帽。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口方法，其特征在于：在步骤(2)中，用户与所述颜色刺激图片的距离为1m～5m。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口方法，其特征在于，在步骤(5)中，对所述原始脑电信号进行处理和分析包括步骤：脑电预览、去除眼电和肌电伪迹，脑电分段、基线校正、去除伪迹、叠加平均、数字滤波和平滑化处理，保存并进行总平均后进行波形的识别与测量。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的色觉自动识别的非注意事件相关电位脑-机接口方法，其特征在于：在步骤(5)中，所述差异成分包括P1、N1、P2、N2、vMMN和P3a成分。
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