WO2018052216A1 - Electrode for electrochromic device and electrochromic device including same - Google Patents

Abstract

An electrochromic device according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a first substrate; a first electrode layer arranged on the first substrate; an electrochromic material layer arranged on the first electrode layer; an electrolyte layer arranged on the electrochromic material layer; a second electrode layer arranged on the electrolyte layer; and a second substrate arranged on the second electrode layer, and further comprises a third electrode layer which is arranged between the first substrate and the first electrode layer or between the first electrode layer and the electrochromic material layer, wherein the third electrode layer includes a resin layer and a bus electrode having a part which is surrounded by the resin layer, and the bus electrode comes into contact with the first electrode layer.

Description

Electrochromic device electrode and electrochromic device comprising same

The present invention relates to an electrochromic device, and more particularly to an electrode included in the electrochromic device.

Electrochromism is a phenomenon in which the color is reversibly changed depending on the electric field direction when a voltage is applied. An electrochromic material is a material whose reversible optical properties can be changed by an electrochemical redox reaction having such characteristics. . The electrochromic material does not have a color when no electric signal is applied from the outside and becomes colored when the electric signal is applied, or conversely when the signal is not applied from the outside, the electric signal is applied. When the color disappears.

Electrochromic device is a device that uses the phenomenon that the light transmittance of electrochromic material is changed by electrochemical redox reaction. It is used to control the light transmittance or reflectivity of building window glass or automobile mirror. As well as the color change of the light source, it is known that it has an infrared ray blocking effect.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in an effort to provide an electrochromic device and an electrode thereof.

An electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate, a first electrode layer disposed on the first substrate, a color change material layer disposed on the first electrode layer, an electrolyte layer disposed on the color change material layer, and the electrolyte. A second electrode layer disposed on the layer, and a second substrate disposed on the second electrode layer, disposed between the first substrate and the first electrode layer, or disposed between the first electrode layer and the color change material layer. A third electrode layer is further included, wherein the third electrode layer includes a resin layer and a bus electrode partially surrounded by the resin layer, wherein the bus electrode contacts the first electrode layer.

The electrical resistance of the bus electrode may be lower than the electrical resistance of the first electrode layer.

The bus electrode may include at least one of copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and silver (Ag).

The depth of the bus electrode may be smaller than the height of the resin layer.

The height of the resin layer may be 10 ㎛ to 300 ㎛.

The bus electrode may have a depth of 5 μm to 250 μm.

The resin layer may cover an exposed area of the bus electrode.

The thickness of the first electrode layer may be 300 nm to 1000 nm.

The bus electrode may occupy an area of 0.4 to 10% per unit area.

The ratio T / W of the thickness T to the width W of the bus electrode may be 0.02 or more.

The bus electrode may have a shape in which a plurality of lines are arranged in parallel.

The bus electrode may be arranged in a lattice shape.

The resin layer may include a silicon-based polymer.

Functional fillers may be dispersed in the resin layer.

The functional filler may comprise a UV stabilizer.

The first electrode layer and the second electrode layer may include at least one of indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), and fluorine tin oxide (FTO).

The display device may further include an insulating layer disposed between the bus electrode and the first electrode layer.

The bus electrode is a seed layer comprising at least one of CuO, Cu ₂ O, Ni and Cr, a metal layer disposed on the seed layer and comprising at least one of Cu, Ag, Au, Ni and Cr, and on the metal layer And a passivation layer disposed at and including at least one of Au and Ag.

In another embodiment, a method of manufacturing an electrochromic device includes coating a resin layer on a first substrate, curing the resin layer, and forming a pattern in an intaglio on the cured resin layer. Filling an electrode material in a pattern formed of the resin layer, forming an ITO layer on the resin layer, forming a color change material layer on the ITO layer, disposing an electrolyte layer and an ion storage layer on the color change material layer, And disposing a second substrate having an ITO layer formed on the ion storage layer.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, an electrochromic device having a thin color and high discoloration rate can be obtained. In particular, the electrode of the electrochromic device according to the embodiment of the present invention can obtain an electrochromic device having high reliability and durability despite repeated driving.

1 is a cross-sectional view of an electrochromic device.

2 to 3 are examples of metal wirings.

4 is a cross-sectional view of an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a result of specifying the light transmittance of the 300 nm thick ITO transparent electrode.

6 is a flowchart of manufacturing an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a cross-sectional view of an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a cross-sectional view of an electrochromic device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a cross-sectional view of an electrochromic device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a cross-sectional view of an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

11 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a bus electrode included in the electrochromic device according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 10.

12 is a view for explaining a method of forming the bus electrode of FIG.

13 is a cross-sectional view of another example of a bus electrode included in the electrochromic device according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 10.

14 is a view for explaining a method of forming the bus electrode of FIG.

15 shows the results of comparing the performance of the electrochromic device according to the Comparative Example and Example.

16 illustrates various embodiments of a seed layer included in a pad part and a bus electrode.

FIG. 17 is a plan view illustrating an example in which an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to an ESL, and FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of FIG. 17.

19 shows an electrochromic device including an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

20 is a diagram illustrating an electron shelf label system to which an electrochromic device is applied according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

As the invention allows for various changes and numerous embodiments, particular embodiments will be illustrated and described in the drawings. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, it should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Terms including ordinal numbers, such as second and first, may be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the second component may be referred to as the first component, and similarly, the first component may also be referred to as the second component. The term and / or includes a combination of a plurality of related items or any item of a plurality of related items.

When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it may be directly connected to or connected to that other component, but it may be understood that other components may be present in between. Should be. On the other hand, when a component is said to be "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that there is no other component in between.

In the description of embodiments, each layer, region, pattern, or structure may be “under” or “under” a substrate, each layer (film), region, pad, or pattern. The substrate to be formed in includes all formed directly or through another layer. Criteria for the top / bottom or bottom / bottom of each layer will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the thickness or size of each layer (film), region, pattern or structures in the drawings may be modified for clarity and convenience of description, and thus do not necessarily reflect the actual size.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, the terms "comprise" or "have" are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, action, component, part, or combination thereof described on the specification, and one or more other features. It is to be understood that the present invention does not exclude the possibility of the presence or the addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, components, or a combination thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Terms such as those defined in the commonly used dictionaries should be construed as having meanings consistent with the meanings in the context of the related art and shall not be construed in ideal or excessively formal meanings unless expressly defined in this application. Do not.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the same or corresponding components will be given the same reference numerals regardless of the reference numerals, and redundant description thereof will be omitted.

1 is a cross-sectional view of an electrochromic device.

Referring to FIG. 1, the electrochromic device 100 may face each other between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120, the first substrate 110, and the second substrate 120 disposed to face each other. The color change material layer 150, the ion storage layer 160, and the electrolyte layer disposed between the first electrode layer 130 and the second electrode layer 140, the first electrode layer 130, and the second electrode layer 140. And 170. The first electrode layer 130 and the second electrode layer 140 are connected to the first terminal portion 20 and the second terminal portion 22 having different polarities, respectively, and are powered from the first terminal portion 20 and the second terminal portion 22. To be supplied. The sealing part 190 may be further disposed on side surfaces of the color change material layer 150, the ion storage layer 160, and the electrolyte layer 170. The sealing material may be mixed with a dam. Further, although the color change material layer 150 and the electrolyte layer 170 are illustrated as being separated from each other, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the color change material layer 150 and the electrolyte layer 170 may be dispersed in the electrolyte layer 170. In addition, although the color change material layer 150 is illustrated as being disposed only on the first electrode layer 130 side, it is not limited thereto, and may also be disposed on the second electrode layer 140 side.

Here, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 is a transparent substrate having a transmittance (T%) of 98% or more, and may be glass or plastic.

In this case, the color change material layer 150 may include a conductive polymer and a non-conductive material selected from organic and inorganic materials. The conductive polymer may be a derivative of the conductive polymer and the monomer polymerized with monomers of polyaniline, polypyrrole, and polythiophene, which are capable of oxidation / reduction.

The nonconductive material may include an aromatic compound capable of oxidation / reduction reaction. For example, internal electron transfer of chemicals such as bisterpyridine derivatives including viologen, biphenyl derivatives, and thiophene derivatives is possible, and color changes depending on oxidation / reduction status May be possible organic matter. In addition, the color change material layer 150 may be selected from the group consisting of tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide, titanium oxide, and vanadium oxide, but is not limited thereto. It is not. The color change material layer may be formed in the form of a multilayer thin film.

 The ion storage layer 160 may be selected from the group consisting of ion conductive polymers such as acryllamidopropane sulfonic acid and acrylic acid, but is not limited thereto.

When the color change material layer 150 includes the first color change material and the ion storage layer 160 includes the second color change material, the color change material layer 150 is referred to as a first color change material layer, and the ion storage layer ( 160 may be referred to as a second color change material layer.

In addition, at least one of the first electrode layer 130 and the second electrode layer 140 may include a transparent electrode, and the transparent electrode may be indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), and fluorine tin oxide (FTO). , Ag (Silver), and Al (Alluminium) may include one. In this case, at least one of the first electrode layer 130 and the second electrode layer 140 may be replaced with a bus electrode or a bus electrode may be further disposed on the transparent electrode. The bus electrode may include, for example, at least one of copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and silver (Ag), and may have a lattice shape, a shape including a plurality of parallel lines, or an amorphous mesh shape. Can be. When at least one of the first electrode layer 130 and the second electrode layer 140 includes a bus electrode, since the resistance of the electrode layer is lowered, the discoloration speed is increased, the thickness of the transparent electrode can be reduced, and the transparent electrode Due to the rigid nature of the cracks in the transparent electrode can be minimized. The bus electrode may be made of a metal having higher electrical conductivity and lower resistance than the transparent electrode. In the present specification, the bus electrode may be mixed with a conductive electrode, a conductive pattern, a conductive electrode, a conductive pattern, a metal electrode, a metal pattern, a wiring electrode, an auxiliary electrode, a metal wiring electrode, and the like. In the present specification, the layer including the bus electrode may be referred to as a third electrode layer.

Bus electrodes according to embodiments of the invention are illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3. In FIG. 2, an example in which a plurality of parallel electrodes parallel to a plurality of vertical electrodes parallel to each other are disposed in a substantially perpendicular shape is not limited thereto. An angle θ between the plurality of parallel horizontal electrodes and the plurality of vertical electrodes parallel to each other may be 45 ° to 135 °. Moire can be prevented when the angle θ between the plurality of parallel horizontal electrodes and the plurality of vertical electrodes parallel is within this numerical range. Alternatively, the plurality of horizontal electrodes or the plurality of vertical electrodes may not be parallel to each other, or may be disposed randomly. In more detail, the mesh-shaped metal electrode may include a mesh line LA and a mesh opening OA between the mesh lines LA. The mesh opening OA may be formed in various shapes. For example, the mesh opening OA may be polygonal or circular in shape, such as square, diamond, pentagon, and hexagon. Alternatively, the mesh opening OA may be a regular shape or a random shape. For example, the intersection C of the mesh opening OA may be inclined to have a predetermined slope, or may be bent to have a predetermined curvature. According to this, the current flow is prevented from being concentrated at the corners of the intersections C, thereby preventing deterioration of the metal electrode and smoothly flowing the current on the surface of the metal electrode.

As such, when the metal electrode 180 has a mesh shape, visibility of the electrochromic device may be improved, and sheet resistance may be lowered. Accordingly, even if the electrochromic device is implemented in a large area, stability, response speed, and color fading uniformity can be maintained, and reliability can be corrected. The mesh-shaped metal electrode 180 may be formed in an embossed or intaglio manner.

In addition, the bus electrode per unit area of the bus electrode may actually occupy an area of 0.4% to 10%. For example, the area actually occupied by the bus electrodes in 1010cm ² may be a 0.4 to 10cm ^2, the area actually occupied by the bus electrodes in the 1010mm ² may be from 0.4 to 10mm ^2. If the area actually occupied by the bus electrode is less than 0.4%, the effect as a bus wiring may be insignificant. In addition, when the area actually occupied by the bus electrode exceeds 10%, the visibility decreases.

In FIG. 3, the several parallel wiring is taken as an example.

The width W of one of the plurality of parallel wires can be implemented in the range of 10 μm to 3000 μm, wherein the plurality of lines have a distance between the lines D1 and D2 of 50 μm to 100,000 μm from each other. Can be arranged. In this case, the distances D1 and D2 between the plurality of lines may be the same or different from each other, and the ratio D / W of the distance D between the widths W may be 5 to 1000.

Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the metal wiring should be 20 μm ² or more, and visibility is ensured when the ratio T / W of the thickness T to the line width of the wiring is 0.02 or more. If the line width is smaller than 10 mu m, the line resistance is high, and if the line width is larger than 3000 mu m, the visibility is lowered. The plurality of wires may be curved as well as straight, or may be disposed spaced apart from each other at the same interval or at different intervals.

4 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, the electrochromic device 100 includes a first substrate 110, a resin layer 180 disposed on the first substrate 110, a bus electrode 182 disposed on the resin layer 180, and a bus. The first electrode layer 130 disposed on the electrode 182, the color change material layer 150 disposed on the first electrode layer 130, the electrolyte layer 170 disposed on the color change material layer 150, and the electrolyte layer 170. An ion storage layer 160 disposed above, a second electrode layer 140 disposed on the ion storage layer 160, and a second substrate 120 disposed on the second electrode layer 140 are included.

The first electrode layer 130 may be a transparent electrode having a transmittance of 95% or more. In addition, the resin layer 180 disposed on the first substrate 110 may use a transparent resin having a transmittance of 95% or more.

Here, the resin layer 180 may surround a portion of the bus electrode 182, and the bus electrode 182 may contact one surface of the first electrode layer 130. Here, the first electrode layer 130 may be a transparent electrode.

Here, the resin layer 180 and the bus electrode 182 may be disposed on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (not shown). The PET film is a flexible transparent film and may support the resin layer 180, the bus electrode 182, and the first electrode layer 130 without affecting the discoloration of the electrochromic device 100. At this time, the thickness of the PET film may be 10 to 300㎛, preferably 50 to 200㎛, more preferably 100 to 150㎛. The PET film may be a component included in the first substrate 110 or a separate component disposed between the first substrate 110 and the resin layer 180. In the present specification, a layer including the resin layer 180 and the bus electrode 182 may be referred to as a third electrode layer.

As illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the bus electrode 182 may be disposed in a lattice shape or a plurality of straight lines parallel to each other, and may also be a mesh having an amorphous shape. In addition, the bus electrode 182 may include at least one of copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and silver (Ag). As a result, the bus electrode 182 may have a higher conductivity and a faster discoloration rate by using a metal having higher conductivity and lower resistance than the first electrode layer 130 which is a transparent electrode. For example, when the bus electrode 182 includes copper, the surface resistance of the copper wiring may range from 1 mPa / sq to 50 mPa / sq, specifically 20 mPa / sq to 40 mPa / sq. It can have

When the bus electrodes 182 are arranged in a lattice shape, the width W of the plurality of parallel vertical electrodes or the plurality of parallel horizontal electrodes is 0.1 to 100 µm, preferably 1 to 50 µm, more preferably 10 To 30 μm, and the spacing, ie, pitch (P), may be 0.1 to 100 mm, preferably 1 to 50 mm, more preferably 10 to 20 mm. At this time, the cross-sectional area of the bus electrode 182 should be 20 μm ² or more, and visibility is ensured when the ratio of the thickness to the line width of the bus electrode 182 is 0.02 or more. If the line width is smaller than 10 mu m, the line resistance is high, and if the line width is larger than 3000 mu m, the visibility is lowered. In addition, the ratio of the spacing to the width of the metal wiring 1322 may be 5 to 1000.

In addition, the bus electrode 182 may have an area of 0.4% to 10% per unit area, including when the shape of the bus electrode 182 is in the form of a line, a lattice, or an amorphous mesh. When the area of the bus electrode 182 is less than 0.4%, the effect as the bus wiring may be insignificant. In addition, when the area of the bus electrode 182 exceeds 10%, the visibility decreases.

However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be variously modified according to the required color change speed and the scale of the application. The visibility of the electrochromic device can be improved by adjusting the width and pitch of the bus electrode 182.

In this case, the bus electrode 182 may be partially included in the resin layer 180. The resin layer 180 may include a polymer resin, and the polymer resin may be, for example, a silicone-based polymer resin. The height H1 of the resin layer 180 may be greater than the height h1 of the bus electrode 182. Accordingly, the resin layer 180 can stably embed and support the bus electrode 182. For example, when the height h1 of the bus electrode 182 is 5 to 250 μm, the height H1 of the resin layer 180 may be 10 to 300 μm.

In this case, the functional filler F may be dispersed in the resin layer 180. The functional filler F may be a UV stabilizer, for example. The UV stabilizer may include, for example, at least one of hydroxy benzophonone and hydroxyphenyl benzotriazole. Such UV stabilizers can absorb ultraviolet light or dissipate free radicals that are degraded by ultraviolet light. Accordingly, when the UV stabilizer is dispersed in the resin layer 180, the electrochromic device 100 may be prevented from being deformed by ultraviolet rays. In particular, when the discoloration material layer 150 of the electrochromic device 100 includes a material susceptible to UV, such as viologen, the decomposition of the viologen is prevented to improve the durability of the electrochromic device 100. You can.

The transparent electrode, which is the first electrode layer 130, may include at least one of indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), and fluorine tin oxide (FTO). Accordingly, in the present specification, the transparent electrode may be mixed with an ITO layer, an ITO electrode, an ITO transparent electrode, and the like. In this case, the first electrode layer 130 may passivate the bus electrode 182. That is, the problem that the bus electrode 182 is oxidized by the repeated driving of the electrochromic device 100 can be prevented, thereby improving the durability of the electrochromic device 100.

In this case, the first electrode layer 130 may have a thickness of 300 to 1000 nm. When the thickness of the first electrode layer 130 is less than 300 nm, the effect of passivating the bus electrode 182 is reduced. When the thickness of the first electrode layer 130 is greater than 1000 nm, cracks occur due to the rigid characteristics of the first electrode layer 130, or light transmittance. This can be degraded.

5 is a result of specifying light transmittance of an electrochromic device in which an ITO transparent electrode having a thickness of 300 nm is disposed at a position of a first electrode layer. To this end, after placing a resin layer containing a part of the bus electrode on the substrate, 300 nm thick ITO was disposed thereon to prepare an electrochromic device, and the light transmittance was measured. As shown in FIG. 5, the light transmittance was stably measured in the embodiment in which the thickness of the first electrode layer 130 was 300 nm, but the light transmittance was not measured in the embodiment in which the thickness of the first electrode layer 130 was 100 nm. From this, it can be seen that the first electrode layer 130, that is, the transparent electrode in one embodiment of the present invention should be formed to a thickness of 300 nm or more.

Such an electrochromic device may be manufactured in the order of FIG. 6. 6 is a method of manufacturing an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 6, a PET film is prepared (S600), and a resin is coated on the PET film (S610). The coated resin layer can be cured. Then, an intaglio pattern is formed in the cured resin layer (S620). The negative pattern can be formed by the mold and then cured by UV. Thereafter, metal wirings are formed in the intaglio pattern (S630). The metal wiring can be done by filling an intaglio pattern with at least one of the electrode material, for example copper, nickel and silver, followed by irradiating IR (InfraRed) light.

Then, an ITO layer is formed on the resin layer and the metal wiring (S640).

Meanwhile, in another embodiment of the present invention, the position between the first electrode layer 130 and the resin layer 180 may be changed.

7 is a cross-sectional view of a part of an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a part of an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of description, the same contents as those of FIGS. 1 to 6 will be omitted.

7 to 8, the first electrode layer 130 may be a transparent electrode, and the resin layer 180 and the bus electrode 182 may be disposed on the first electrode layer 130. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the bus electrode 182 may be at least partially embedded in the resin layer 180 and may contact the color change material layer 150. Accordingly, the bus electrode 182 may be disposed in a shape surrounded by the resin of the resin layer 180.

When the bus electrode 182 and the color change material layer 150 directly contact each other, the contact area between the color change material layer 150 and the bus electrode 182 may be maximized and the color change speed of the color change material layer 150 may be increased. have.

Here, the discoloration material layer 150 is bisterpyridine including tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide, titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, and viologen. (bisterpyridine) derivatives, biphenyl derivatives, thiophene derivatives may be selected from the group consisting of organic materials, but is not limited thereto.

For example, when the discoloration material layer 150 includes viologen, the viologen may be vulnerable to UV. Accordingly, the UV stabilizer may be dispersed in the resin layer 180. UV stabilizers may include, for example, at least one of hydroxy benzophonone and hydroxyphenyl benzotriazole, which UV stabilizers are free to absorb ultraviolet light or degrade by ultraviolet light. Can extinguish radicals. Accordingly, when the UV stabilizer is dispersed in the resin layer 180, it is possible to prevent the decomposition of the viologen to improve the durability of the electrochromic device 100.

Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 8, a passivation layer 184 may be further formed on the bus electrode 182. The passivation layer 184 may prevent the bus electrode 182 from being oxidized, prevent the bus electrode 182 from being shorted by contact with another electrode layer disposed to face each other by an external force, and may improve visibility. . The passivation layer 184 may include at least one of indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine tin oxide (FTO), metal oxide, carbon, and an insulating material. Here, when the passivation layer 184 includes a metal oxide, the metal oxide may include, for example, nitrous oxide (Cu ₂ O) or copper oxide (CuO). As the amount of CuO included in the passivation layer 184 increases, the passivation layer 184 may be black, the thickness may be thick, and the strength may be high.

When the passivation layer 184 includes an insulating material, the insulating material may be, for example, an epoxy resin, and the epoxy resin may be a UV curable resin.

In another embodiment of the present invention, although not shown, the bus electrode may be further disposed on the second electrode layer 140 side. The bus electrode may be disposed on a surface of the second electrode layer 140 facing the second substrate 120. In this case, the bus electrode may be partially embedded in the resin layer so as to be symmetrical with the side of the first electrode layer 130.

Alternatively, a bus electrode having a different structure from that of the first electrode layer 130 may be disposed on the side of the second electrode layer 140.

9 is a cross-sectional view of an electrochromic device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 9, an electrochromic device may include a first substrate 110 and a second substrate 120, and a first substrate 110 and a second substrate 120 disposed to face each other. The first color change material layer 152 and the second color change material layer 154 disposed to face each other between the first electrode layer 130 and the second electrode layer 140, the first electrode layer 130, and the second electrode layer 140. And an electrolyte layer 170. A dam 190 made of a sealing material may be further disposed between the first electrode layer 130 and the second electrode layer 140.

When the first color change material layer 152 and the second color change material layer 154 are oxidized on the first electrode layer 130 side and the second electrode layer 140 side, respectively, the first electrode layer 130 and the second electrode layer 140 are disposed. Bus electrodes may be further disposed on the electrode layers 140.

As shown in FIG. 4, the first electrode layer 130 is disposed on the first substrate 110, the resin layer 180 disposed on the first substrate 110, the resin layer 180, and the resin layer 180. ) May include a bus electrode 182 surrounded by a portion thereof, a resin layer 180, and a first electrode layer 130 disposed on the bus electrode 182.

On the second electrode layer 140 side, the second substrate 120, the second electrode layer 140, and the bus electrode 182 are sequentially disposed toward the first electrode layer 130, and the second electrode layer 140 is disposed. The second color change material layer 154 may be disposed on the exposed area, that is, the side of the bus electrode 182. Here, the bus electrode 182 may be referred to as an auxiliary electrode.

In this case, an oxide layer 184 may be further formed on the surface of the bus electrode 182. The oxide layer 184 may passivate the bus electrode 182 and may prevent oxidation of the bus electrode due to frequent driving of the electrochromic device. The surface where the bus electrode 182 contacts the second electrode layer 140 may be a scattering screen.

The bus electrode 182 may include copper, and the oxide layer 184 may include copper oxide (Cu ₂ O) or copper oxide (CuO).

In this case, the bus electrode 182 on the side of the first electrode layer 130 and the bus electrode 182 on the side of the second electrode layer 140 may be selected and combined from a group consisting of parallel metal wiring shapes, grid shapes, and net shapes. have.

That is, the bus electrodes 182 formed on the first electrode layer 130 and the second electrode layer 140 disposed to face each other are selected from a group consisting of parallel wiring shapes, lattice shapes, and mesh shapes, respectively, and bus electrodes on both sides. 182 may have the same shape or may have different shapes.

In addition, the bus electrode 182 on the side of the first electrode layer 130 and the bus electrode 182 on the side of the second electrode layer 140 may be disposed in the same direction or may be disposed in different directions.

Herein, the transmittance of the first substrate 110 or the second substrate 120 may be 98% or more, and may be a transparent substrate, and the first electrode layer 130 disposed on the first substrate 110 or the second substrate 120, respectively. Alternatively, when the second electrode layer 140 is a transparent electrode, transmittance of the transparent substrate and the transparent electrode may be 85% or more. In addition, the transmittance (T%) of the electrochromic device including the transparent substrate, the transparent electrode, the electrolyte layer, and the ion storage layer may be 75% or more.

Meanwhile, connection leads (not shown) may be connected to one to four surfaces of the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. The connection lead may be connected to extensions of the first electrode layer 130, the second electrode layer 140, and the bus electrode 182 disposed on the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. The connection lead may be connected to the bus electrode 182 to apply power. When power is applied, the transmittance (T%) of the electrochromic device may be in a range of 10 to 75%, and the transmittance (T%) of the electrochromic device in which color change is completed is not more than 10%, but is not limited thereto.

As such, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the electrode layer comprises a metal wiring. Accordingly, the discoloration speed of the electrochromic device can be increased. In addition, since a part of the metal wiring is included in the resin, cracks generated in the ITO layer may be minimized even when the electrochromic device is applied to the flexible structure.

Meanwhile, according to another embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to form a negative bus electrode.

10 is a cross-sectional view of an electrochromic device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a bus electrode included in the electrochromic device according to the embodiment of FIG. 10, and FIG. 12 is a bus electrode of FIG. 11. It is a figure explaining the method of forming a metal. 13 is a cross-sectional view of another example of a bus electrode included in the electrochromic device according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 10, and FIG. 14 is a view for explaining a method of forming the bus electrode of FIG. 13.

Referring to FIG. 10, the electrochromic device 100 may be disposed on the first transparent substrate 110 and the second transparent substrate 120, the first transparent substrate 110, and the second transparent substrate 120 disposed to face each other. The first color change material layer disposed on one of the first transparent electrode 130 and the second transparent electrode 140, the first transparent electrode 130, and the second transparent electrode 140, respectively disposed to face each other. The second color change material layer 160 disposed on the other one of the 150, the first transparent electrode 130, and the second transparent electrode 140, and the first color change material layer 150 and the second color change material layer ( The electrolyte layer 170 is disposed between the 160.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, one side of both surfaces of the first transparent electrode 130 and one side of both surfaces of the second transparent electrode 140 are disposed on at least one of the surfaces of the first transparent electrode 130. The bus electrode 200 may further include an area occupying an area smaller than the area of the second transparent electrode 140 and having a predetermined pattern. The bus electrode 200 may be disposed in contact with at least one of the first transparent electrode 130 and the second transparent electrode 140 to increase the discoloration speed of the electrochromic device.

In particular, referring to FIG. 10, the bus electrode 200 may be disposed between the first transparent substrate 110 and the first transparent electrode 130, and the side surface of the bus electrode 200 may be filled with a polymer. In the present specification, the bus electrode 200 having the structure as shown in FIG. 10 may be referred to as a bus electrode formed in an intaglio.

Hereinafter, the same descriptions as those of FIGS. 1 to 9 will be omitted for the electrochromic device 100.

Referring to FIG. 11, as shown in FIG. 10, the first transparent substrate 110, the bus electrode 200, and the first transparent electrode 130 are sequentially stacked, and the first transparent substrate 110 and the first transparent substrate 110 are stacked. 1 The region where the bus electrode 200 is not disposed in the space between the transparent electrodes 130 is filled with the polymer 300. For convenience of description, the bus electrode 200 is disposed only on the side of the first transparent substrate 110 and the first transparent electrode 130 as an example, but is not limited thereto, and the second transparent substrate 120 and The bus electrode 200 may be disposed on the side of the second transparent electrode 140, or the bus electrode 200 may be further disposed on the side of the second transparent substrate 120 and the second transparent electrode 140.

Here, the polymer 300 may include, for example, a silicone-based polymer resin. Although the height of the polymer 300 and the height of the bus electrode 200 are illustrated as being the same, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the height of the polymer 300 may be greater than the height of the bus electrode 200. That is, the side and bottom surfaces of the bus electrode 200 may be surrounded by the polymer 300, and the upper surface of the bus electrode 200 may be formed to contact the first transparent electrode 130. The bus electrode 200 may be stably embedded and supported by the polymer 300.

In this case, the functional filler F may be dispersed in the polymer 300. The functional filler F may be a UV stabilizer, for example. The UV stabilizer may include, for example, at least one of hydroxy benzophonone and hydroxyphenyl benzotriazole. Such UV stabilizers can absorb ultraviolet light or dissipate free radicals that are degraded by ultraviolet light. Accordingly, when the UV stabilizer is dispersed in the polymer 300, the electrochromic device 100 may be prevented from being deformed by ultraviolet rays. In particular, when the discoloration material layer 150 of the electrochromic device 100 includes a material susceptible to UV, such as viologen, the decomposition of the viologen is prevented to improve the durability of the electrochromic device 100. You can.

The bus electrode 200 includes a seed layer 210, a metal layer 220, and a passivation layer 230. In this case, the metal layer 220 is disposed on the seed layer 210, and the passivation layer 230 is disposed on the metal layer 220.

Here, at least one of the seed layer 210, the metal layer 220, and the passivation layer 230 or the brightness index L * of the entire bus electrode 200 is 60 or less, preferably 40 to 60, more preferably. 45 to 60. Brightness index (L *) is a numerical value indicating the brightness, the closer to 100 indicates a white, the closer to 0 means an index indicating black. When the brightness index L * satisfies this numerical range, the visibility of the bus electrode can be prevented from being sparkled.

The seed layer 210 is a layer deposited for electroplating the metal layer 220 and the passivation layer 230, and may include at least one of CuO, Cu ₂ O, Ni, and Cr. When the seed layer 210 includes CuO or Cu ₂ O, or includes Ni and Cr, the seed layer 210 may be blackish brown to prevent glare and to improve visibility. At this time, the thickness of the seed layer 210 may be 10 to 300nm, preferably 50 to 250nm, more preferably 100 to 200nm. Due to the seed layer 210, the metal layer 220 may be plated to a predetermined thickness or more, for example, several μm or more. When the metal layer 220 is formed to have a predetermined thickness or more, the cross-sectional area of the bus electrode 200 is large. The line resistance can be improved, and the discoloration speed can be increased.

The metal layer 220 includes at least one of Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, and Cr, and may have a thickness of 0.1 to 20 μm, preferably 1 to 15 μm, and more preferably 5 to 10 μm. When the metal layer 220 serving as the bus electrode is formed to such a thickness, the line resistance may be lowered, and thus the discoloration speed may be increased.

The passivation layer 230 may include at least one of Au and Ag. Accordingly, the passivation layer 230 may prevent contact between the metal layer 220 and the electrolyte layer 170 to prevent oxidation of the metal layer 220. At this time, the thickness of the passivation layer 230 may be 10 to 300nm, preferably 50 to 250nm, more preferably 100 to 200nm.

If the thickness of the passivation layer 230 is less than 10 nm, the passivation layer 230 is easily peeled off, thereby increasing the possibility that the metal layer 220 is exposed to the electrolyte layer 170. If the thickness of the passivation layer 230 exceeds 300nm, it may affect the visibility of the electrochromic device.

In order to form the bus electrode illustrated in FIG. 11, referring to FIG. 12, after stacking a polymer 300 having a pattern for arranging the bus electrode 200 on the first transparent substrate 110 (a) The seed layer 210 is deposited in the pattern (b). In this case, the seed layer 210 may include CuO or Cu 2 O, or may include Ni / Cr, and may be deposited to a thickness of 1 to 300 nm. The seed layer 210 may be formed by various methods such as electroless plating, sputtering, or laminate.

Next, the metal layer 220 is plated on the seed layer 210 (c). In this case, the metal layer 220 may be formed by an electroplating method using at least one of Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, and Cr. As such, when the metal layer 220 is formed in the pattern in which the seed layer 210 is deposited by the electroplating method, the metal layer 220 may be deposited to a thickness of several μm, for example, 5 μm or more. It is possible to form a width to thickness ratio of 1: 1.1 to 2.

Next, after the passivation layer 230 including at least one of Au and Ag is formed on the metal layer 220 (d), the first transparent electrode 130 is disposed (e). In this case, the passivation layer 230 may be formed by electroplating.

Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 13, as shown in FIG. 10, the first transparent substrate 110, the bus electrode 200, and the first transparent electrode 130 are sequentially stacked, and the first transparent substrate 110 is stacked. The region where the bus electrode 200 is not disposed in the space between the first transparent electrode 130 and the first transparent electrode 130 is filled with the polymer 300. For convenience of description, the bus electrode 200 is disposed only on the side of the first transparent substrate 110 and the first transparent electrode 130 as an example, but is not limited thereto, and the second transparent substrate 120 and The bus electrode 200 may be disposed on the side of the second transparent electrode 140, or the bus electrode 200 may be disposed on the side of the second transparent substrate 120 and the second transparent electrode 140.

Here, the polymer 300 may include, for example, a silicone-based polymer resin. Although the height of the polymer 300 and the height of the bus electrode 200 are illustrated as being the same, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the height of the polymer 300 may be greater than the height of the bus electrode 200. That is, the side and bottom surfaces of the bus electrode 200 may be surrounded by the polymer 300, and the upper surface of the bus electrode 200 may be formed to contact the first transparent electrode 130. The bus electrode 200 may be stably embedded and supported by the polymer 300.

In this case, the functional filler F may be dispersed in the polymer 300. The functional filler F may be a UV stabilizer, for example. The UV stabilizer may include, for example, at least one of hydroxy benzophonone and hydroxyphenyl benzotriazole. Such UV stabilizers can absorb ultraviolet light or dissipate free radicals that are degraded by ultraviolet light. Accordingly, when the UV stabilizer is dispersed in the polymer 300, the electrochromic device 100 may be prevented from being deformed by ultraviolet rays. In particular, when the discoloration material layer 150 of the electrochromic device 100 includes a material susceptible to UV, such as viologen, the decomposition of the viologen is prevented to improve the durability of the electrochromic device 100. You can.

The bus electrode 200 includes a seed layer 210, a metal layer 220, and a passivation layer 230. The seed layer 210 may be formed on the bottom and side surfaces of the pattern formed to arrange the bus electrode 200 in the polymer 300, and the metal layer 220 may be filled in the space formed by the seed layer 210. The passivation layer 230 may be disposed on the seed layer 210 and the metal layer 220.

Here, at least one of the seed layer 210, the metal layer 220, and the passivation layer 230 or the brightness index L * of the entire bus electrode 200 is 60 or less, preferably 40 to 60, more preferably. 45 to 60. Brightness index (L *) is a numerical value indicating the brightness, the closer to 100 indicates a white, the closer to 0 means an index indicating black. When the brightness index L * satisfies this numerical range, the visibility of the bus electrode can be prevented from being sparkled.

The seed layer 210 is a layer deposited for electroplating the metal layer 220 and the passivation layer 230, and may include at least one of CuO, Cu ₂ O, Ni, and Cr. When the seed layer 210 includes CuO or Cu ₂ O, or includes Ni and Cr, the seed layer 210 may be blackish brown to prevent glare and to improve visibility. At this time, the thickness of the seed layer 210 may be 10 to 300nm, preferably 50 to 250nm, more preferably 100 to 200nm. Due to the seed layer 210, the metal layer 220 may be plated to a predetermined thickness or more, for example, several μm or more. When the metal layer 220 is formed to a predetermined thickness or more, the line resistance is improved, and the discoloration speed is increased. Can be faster.

The metal layer 220 includes at least one of Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, and Cr, and may have a thickness of 0.1 to 20 μm, preferably 1 to 15 μm, and more preferably 5 to 10 μm. When the metal layer 220 serving as the bus electrode is formed to such a thickness, the line resistance may be lowered, and thus the discoloration speed may be increased.

The passivation layer 230 may include at least one of Au and Ag. Accordingly, the passivation layer 230 may prevent contact between the metal layer 220 and the electrolyte layer 170 to prevent oxidation of the metal layer 220. At this time, the thickness of the passivation layer 230 may be 10 to 300nm, preferably 50 to 250nm, more preferably 100 to 200nm.

In this case, the metal layer 220 may be disposed in the space formed by the seed layer 210, and the passivation layer 230 may be disposed on the seed layer 210 and the metal layer 220.

In order to form the bus electrode illustrated in FIG. 13, referring to FIG. 14, after the polymer 300 having a pattern for arranging the bus electrodes 200 is stacked on the first transparent substrate 110 (a) The seed layer 210 is deposited on the polymer 300 (b). In this case, the seed layer 210 may include CuO or Cu 2 O, or may include Ni / Cr, and may be deposited to a thickness of 1 to 300 nm. In this case, the seed layer 210 may be deposited by an electroless plating method. According to the electroless plating method, it is possible to deposit the seed layer 210 to a uniform thickness as compared to applying the paste, and to deposit on the side as well as the bottom surface of the pattern for the third electrode 200 is disposed. It is easy.

Next, the metal layer 220 is plated on the seed layer 210 (c). In this case, the metal layer 220 may be formed by an electroplating method using at least one of Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, and Cr. As such, when the metal layer 220 is formed in the pattern in which the seed layer 210 is deposited by the electroplating method, the metal layer 220 may be deposited to a thickness of several μm, for example, 5 μm or more. It is possible to form a width to thickness ratio of 1: 1.1 to 2. Alternatively, the metal layer 220 may be filled in the seed layer 210 in the form of a paste.

Next, after etching or desmearing the metal layer 220 (d), the passivation layer 230 including at least one of Au and Ag is formed on the seed layer 210 and the metal layer 220 ( e) and disposing the first transparent electrode 130 (f). If (d) is etched or desmeared on the metal layer 220, the bonding force between the passivation layer 230 and the metal layer 220 may be increased, thereby facilitating the electroplating of the passivation layer 230. .

15 shows the results of comparing the performance of the electrochromic device according to the Comparative Example and Example.

In a comparative example, a bus electrode was disposed on a transparent electrode, and a passivation layer was formed on the bus electrode, but the passivation layer was formed by printing using a polymer.

In contrast, in the embodiment, the bus electrode is disposed on the transparent electrode and the passivation layer is formed on the bus electrode, but the passivation layer is formed by electroplating using Au.

Referring to FIG. 15, in the example, T (%) is stably maintained even though time passes, but in the comparative example, T (%) changes as time passes. Accordingly, it can be seen that according to the embodiment of the present invention, an electrochromic device having high durability can be obtained.

On the other hand, the bus electrode having a predetermined pattern may be connected to the pad unit for power connection. To this end, the pad portion and the seed layer include the same material, and the pad portion may be deposited together with the seed layer. 16 illustrates various embodiments of a seed layer included in a pad part and a bus electrode.

Referring to FIG. 16A, the seed layers 210 having a plurality of wirings arranged in parallel to the pad part P at predetermined intervals are connected to each other. When the metal layer 220 and the passivation layer 230 are sequentially plated on the seed layer 210, the electrical conductivity difference between the pad portion P / seed layer 210 and the metal layer 220 / passivation layer 230 is different. Due to this, plating may grow around the pad part P. FIG. FIG. 16B illustrates a photo of plating grown around the pad part P when Au plating is performed on the seed layer 210.

In order to solve this problem, according to the embodiment of the present invention can change the shape of the pad portion (P).

For example, as shown in FIG. 16C, the pad part P is integrally formed, and a groove is formed in a portion to which the seed layer 210 is connected, or in FIG. 16D. As illustrated, a plurality of pad parts P connected to the plurality of seed layers 210 in the form of wirings may be formed to be spaced apart from each other.

Accordingly, it can be seen that the plating does not grow around the pad portion P when the metal layer 220 or the passivation layer 230 is plated.

On the other hand, the electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a variety of applications, it may be applied to a display that requires discoloration of the specific portion, such as ESL (electro shelf label).

FIG. 17 is a plan view illustrating an example in which an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to an ESL, and FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of FIG. 17.

17 to 18, the electrochromic device 100 may be divided into an electrode region A1 and a dummy electrode region A2 by an electrode spacer G. As shown in FIG. The electrode region A1 may be an area displayed by letters, numbers, or pictures, and the dummy electrode area A2 may be an area displayed by a background. The electrode area A1 is an area for displaying information, and may be mixed with the conversion area, the display area, and the like, and the dummy electrode area A2 may be mixed with the background area.

The electrode region A1 includes a plurality of divided regions A1-1, A1-2, ..., A1-n, and a plurality of divided regions A1-1, A1-2, ..., A1-n. n) are spaced apart from each other and can be driven independently. According to the decoloring and coloring combination of the plurality of divided regions A1-1, A1-2, ..., A1-n, the electrode region A1 may expose various information. To this end, the plurality of divided regions A1-1, A1-2, ..., A1-n may be disposed around the dummy electrode region A2. That is, the dummy electrode region A2 is surrounded by the plurality of division regions A1-1, A1-2, ..., A1-n, or the plurality of division regions A1-1, A1-2,... , A1-n may be surrounded by the dummy electrode region A2. Accordingly, the information displayed by the plurality of divided regions A1-1, A1-2, ..., A1-n can be clearly displayed by the background of the dummy electrode region A2.

In this case, each region may extend to a wiring region W that is narrower than each region, and may be connected to the pad electrode 20 through the wiring region W. FIG. That is, each of the plurality of divided regions A1-1, A1-2, ..., A1-n extends from each of the plurality of divided regions A1-1, A1-2, ..., A1-n. The pad electrode 20 may be connected to the pad electrode 20 through a wiring part. Accordingly, the plurality of divided regions A1-1, A1-2, ..., A1-n may be mixed with the plurality of electrode regions A1-1, A1-2, ..., A1-n. have.

For example, the width of the wiring area W extending from each divided area may be 1/3 to 1/8 of the width of each divided area. If the width of the wiring area W is smaller than 1/8 times the width of each divided area, the bus electrodes in the wiring area may be cut off, and if the width of the wiring area W is larger than 1/3, the wiring area may be exposed when the divided area is colored. . In addition, the width of the wiring region w may be 0.2 times or more, 2 times or less, 0.4 times or more, 1.5 times or less, 0.5 times or more, and 1.2 times or less of the mesh opening width of the bus electrode. If the width of the wiring area w is less than 0.2 times the mesh opening width of the bus electrode, the bus electrodes are short-circuited with each other in the wiring area W, and thus the bus electrodes cannot play a role. The wiring area may be exposed during coloring. A1 is an electrode portion, and a wiring region connecting A1 and the pad electrode 20 may be called a wiring portion.

Accordingly, each region may be discolored independently of each other. For example, the discoloration reaction occurs only in the electrode region A1 and the discoloration reaction does not occur in the dummy electrode region A2, or the discoloration reaction of the electrode region A1 and the dummy electrode region A2 occurs independently. In some embodiments, the discoloration reaction of the plurality of divided regions A1-1, A1-2,..., A1-n constituting the electrode region A1 may be independently performed. When the discoloration reaction of the electrode region A1 and the dummy electrode region A2 occurs independently, the dummy electrode region A2 may be an electrode region. Accordingly, the electrode spacer G may be formed between the plurality of electrode regions A1 and A2.

On the other hand, the line width of the electrode gap (groove, G) may be variously implemented according to the width or pitch of the mesh opening of the bus electrode. The line width of the electrode spaced portion G may be 0.1 times or more of the mesh opening width of the bus electrode, and may be 150 μm or less, preferably 0.2 times or more and 120 μm or less, more preferably 0.2 times or more and 90 μm or less. When the line width of the electrode spacer G is less than 0.1 times the width of the mesh opening of the bus electrode, the electrode region A1 and the dummy electrode region A2 may not be electrically shorted, and the line width of the electrode spacer G is 150. If it exceeds the 占 퐉, it may be difficult to process the precise electrode region A1. In addition, when the electrode spaced portion (G) is formed through laser processing, the line width of the electrode spaced portion (G) may vary according to the laser processing ability.

In addition, the pad electrode 20 may be disposed at one end of the first electrode layer 130, and the pad electrode 20 may be disposed to contact the first electrode layer 130.

19 shows an electrochromic device including an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 19, an electrochromic device 1500 includes a case 1510, a circuit board 1520 disposed in a case 1510, an electrochromic device 100 connected through a circuit board 1520 and a connector 1530. It may include. The electrochromic device 100 may be mounted in the case 1510 together with the circuit board 1520 as shown in FIG. 19A, or electrochromic with the connector 1530 and the connector 1530 as shown in FIG. 19B. Some areas of the device 100 may be mounted in the case 1530, and the remaining areas of the electrochromic device 100 may be exposed to the outside of the case 1510.

The connector 1530 may be a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) or a flexible flat cable (FFC), but is not limited thereto.

The electrochromic device as shown in FIG. 19 (a) may be attached to a shelf, and the electrochromic device as shown in FIG. 19 (b) may be suspended or suspended from a ceiling. When using a flexible electrochromic device in the electrochromic device as shown in Figure 19 (b) can realize the effect (paper), it can cause a familiarity from consumers.

The electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention may be applied to an electronic shelf label, and the electronic shelf label displays information such as price information, store symbols, promotional images, barcodes, product names, product images, origins, etc. at a mart. It can be used in various ways as a means. Alternatively, the present invention may be variously used as a means for displaying information such as product name and quantity in a distribution center.

20 is a diagram illustrating an electron shelf label system to which an electrochromic device is applied according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

The server 2100 is a place where information on goods is stored, and the server 2100 may form a communication channel with the electronic shelf label 1500 via the gateway 2200 and the transmitter 2300. The server 2100, the gateway 2200, and the transmitter 2300 may be connected to a wired network such as Ethernet or a wireless network such as Wi-Fi.

The transmitter 2300 and the electronic shelf label 1500 may be connected to a wireless network such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or RF. The transmitter 2300 may receive product information from the server 2100, transmit the product information to the electronic shelf label 1500, and transmit power to the electronic shelf label 1500 according to an operation mode.

The electronic shelf label 1500 may include a controller, a communication module, a storage unit, and a display unit. The electronic shelf label 1500 may include a battery therein. Alternatively, the electronic shelf label 1500 may be wirelessly charged with a wireless power charging module. The control unit controls the communication module to perform communication, and may display the product information received by the communication module on the display unit. In addition, when power is transmitted from the transmitter 2300, the power may be received to convert a signal into a DC voltage, and the voltage may be supplied to the wireless power charging module. The storage unit stores data displayed on the display unit. The communication module may receive product information from the transmitter or may receive power from the transmitter. The display unit displays the product information received from the control unit. The display unit may be an electrochromic device.

Although described above with reference to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art will be variously modified and changed within the scope of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention described in the claims below I can understand that you can.

Claims (20)

1. First substrate,

   A first electrode layer disposed on the first substrate,

   A discoloration material layer disposed on the first electrode layer,

   An electrolyte layer disposed on the color change material layer,

   A second electrode layer disposed on the electrolyte layer, and

   A second substrate disposed on the second electrode layer,

   And a third electrode layer disposed between the first substrate and the first electrode layer or disposed between the first electrode layer and the color change material layer.

   The third electrode layer includes a resin layer and a bus electrode partially surrounded by the resin layer,

   The bus electrode is in contact with the first electrode layer electrochromic device.
2. The method of claim 1,

   An electrochromic device of which the electrical resistance of the bus electrode is lower than that of the first electrode layer.
3. The method of claim 2,

   The bus electrode includes at least one of copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and silver (Ag).
4. The method of claim 1,

   And a depth of the bus electrode is smaller than a height of the resin layer.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein

   The resin layer has a height of 10㎛ to 300㎛ electrochromic device.
6. The method of claim 5,

   Electrochromic device of the bus electrode has a depth of 5㎛ to 250㎛.
7. The method of claim 5.

   And the resin layer covers an exposed area of the bus electrode.
8. The method of claim 2,

   The first electrode layer has a thickness of 300nm to 1000nm electrochromic device.
9. The method of claim 1,

   The bus electrode occupies an area of 0.4 to 10% per unit area.
10. The method of claim 9,

    And a ratio (T / W) of the thickness (T) to the width (W) of the bus electrode is 0.02 or more.
11. The method of claim 10,

    The bus electrode is an electrochromic device having a shape in which a plurality of lines are arranged in parallel.
12. The method of claim 10,

    The bus electrode is an electrochromic device disposed in a grid shape.
13. The method of claim 1,

    The resin layer is an electrochromic device comprising a silicon-based polymer.
14. The method of claim 13,

    Electrochromic device in which the functional filler is dispersed in the resin layer.
15. The method of claim 14,

    The functional filler is an electrochromic device comprising a UV stabilizer.
16. The method of claim 1,

    The first electrode layer and the second electrode layer is an electrochromic device comprising at least one of indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), and fluorine tin oxide (FTO).
17. The method of claim 1,

    Electrochromic device further comprising an insulating layer disposed between the bus electrode and the first electrode layer.
18. The method of claim 1,

    The bus electrode is a seed layer comprising at least one of CuO, Cu ₂ O, Ni and Cr, a metal layer disposed on the seed layer and comprising at least one of Cu, Ag, Au, Ni and Cr, and on the metal layer Electrochromic device comprising a passivation layer disposed in and including at least one of Au and Ag.
19. Coating a resin layer on the first substrate,

    Disposing a bus electrode so as to be surrounded by the resin layer;

    Forming a transparent electrode layer on the resin layer;

    Forming a color change material layer on the transparent electrode layer;

    Disposing an electrolyte layer and an ion storage layer on the discoloration material layer, and

    Disposing a second substrate on which the transparent electrode layer is formed;

    Method of manufacturing an electrochromic device comprising a.
20. The method of claim 19

    Arranging the bus electrode

    Curing the resin layer,

    Forming a pattern in an intaglio on the cured resin layer,

    Filling an electrode material into the engraved pattern

    Method of manufacturing an electrochromic device comprising a.

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