WO2018051515A1 - Observation apparatus - Google Patents

Observation apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018051515A1
WO2018051515A1 PCT/JP2016/077572 JP2016077572W WO2018051515A1 WO 2018051515 A1 WO2018051515 A1 WO 2018051515A1 JP 2016077572 W JP2016077572 W JP 2016077572W WO 2018051515 A1 WO2018051515 A1 WO 2018051515A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit
light source
imaging
sample
photographing
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PCT/JP2016/077572
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
高橋　晋太郎
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オリンパス株式会社
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Application filed by オリンパス株式会社 filed Critical オリンパス株式会社
Priority to JP2018539490A priority Critical patent/JPWO2018051515A1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2016/077572 priority patent/WO2018051515A1/en
Publication of WO2018051515A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018051515A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B21/00—Microscopes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an observation apparatus.
  • Patent Document 1 an observation apparatus for observing cells adhered to the bottom surface of a culture vessel while culturing them in an incubator is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).
  • Patent Document 1 both a light source unit that irradiates cells with illumination light and an imaging unit that images cells are arranged below the sample, and the illumination position and A configuration for changing the shooting position is disclosed.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an observation apparatus capable of observing a sample such as a cell without increasing the size of the apparatus.
  • One embodiment of the present invention includes a stage that supports a sample, a light source unit that is disposed below the sample supported by the stage, and emits illumination light that illuminates the sample upward, and is supported by the stage.
  • An imaging unit that is disposed below the sample and that images the sample, and an imaging position in which the imaging position by the imaging unit is changed within a predetermined imaging range by moving the light source unit and the imaging unit in the horizontal direction.
  • An observation apparatus includes a moving unit and a light source moving unit that changes a position of the light source unit with respect to the imaging unit in accordance with the imaging position within the predetermined imaging range.
  • the sample supported by the stage and illuminated by the illumination light from the light source unit is photographed by the photographing unit.
  • the imaging position moving unit to change the illumination position and the imaging position, samples at different positions are imaged. Therefore, it is possible to observe a sample in a photographing range wider than the field of view of the photographing unit.
  • the position of the light source unit with respect to the imaging unit is changed by the light source moving unit according to the imaging position within the imaging range. That is, the position of the light source unit is changed so that the light source unit is positioned inside the moving range of the imaging unit corresponding to the imaging range when the imaging position is at or near the end in the imaging range. Accordingly, it is not necessary to secure a moving space for moving the photographing unit and the moving unit in excess of the moving range of the photographing unit in consideration of the space for the light source unit. The size can be minimized and the apparatus can be miniaturized.
  • the light source unit and the photographing unit are held, the holding unit is capable of translationally moving in the horizontal direction and rotatable about a vertical rotation axis, and the photographing position moving unit includes the holding unit.
  • the light source moving unit may cause the light source moving unit to rotate the holding unit around the rotation axis. In this way, when the position of the light source unit relative to the imaging unit is changed by the rotation of the holding unit, the relative positional relationship between the imaging unit and the light source unit is not converted. Thereby, the illumination conditions can be made the same in the images acquired at any photographing position.
  • the imaging unit is held, the first holding unit capable of translational movement in the horizontal direction, the light source unit is held, and the periphery of the imaging unit can be rotated around a vertical rotation axis.
  • a second holding unit, the photographing position moving unit translates the first holding unit in the horizontal direction, and the light source moving unit rotates the second holding unit around the rotation axis. You may let them.
  • the position of the light source unit relative to the image capturing unit is changed by rotating the light source unit around the image capturing unit, the position of the image capturing unit with respect to the sample does not change. There is no rotation of the sample image in the accompanying image. Thereby, it is possible to acquire an image with the same orientation of the sample image at any photographing position.
  • the imaging unit includes a two-dimensional imaging element having a rectangular imaging surface having a short side and a long side longer than the short side, and the light source moving unit is provided on the long side of the imaging surface.
  • the light source unit may be moved to a position aligned in a direction substantially perpendicular to the center and the long side.
  • a difference in brightness may occur in an image due to a difference in the incident condition of light on each position on the imaging surface according to the relative positional relationship between each position on the imaging surface and the light source unit.
  • the light source unit includes a light source body that emits the illumination light, a lens that converges the illumination light emitted from the light source body, and a diffusion plate that diffuses the illumination light converged by the lens. It may be. By doing so, the illumination light emitted from the light source as a divergent light beam is converged by the lens, whereby the illumination efficiency of the sample by the illumination light can be improved and a brighter image can be obtained. Further, by diffusing the illumination light with the diffusion plate, it is possible to reduce brightness unevenness included in the illumination light and obtain an image with reduced illumination unevenness.
  • the illumination light reflected by the reflection part is irradiated onto the sample from above, and the illumination light transmitted through the sample is incident on the imaging part, whereby the sample is imaged.
  • the illumination efficiency is improved by increasing the proportion of the illumination light emitted from the light source portion that contributes to the illumination of the sample, compared to the configuration in which the illumination light is reflected by the upper plate of the container that accommodates the sample. Can be improved.
  • the distance between the light source unit and the reflection unit and the distance between the imaging unit and the reflection unit are constant regardless of the type of the container, the illumination characteristics can be stabilized.
  • the observation apparatus 100 is arranged with a stage 2 supporting the container 1 containing the sample A and a horizontal space below the stage 2 in the horizontal direction.
  • the light source unit 3 and the imaging unit 4 that holds the light source unit 3 and the imaging unit 4, and the imaging position at which the imaging unit 4 changes the imaging position by moving the movable table 5 in the horizontal direction.
  • a moving unit 6 and a light source moving unit 7 that changes the position of the light source unit 3 with respect to the photographing unit 4 are provided.
  • the container 1 is a closed container formed of an entirely optically transparent material, such as a cell culture flask or dish, and has a top plate 1a and a bottom plate 1b facing each other.
  • the upper plate 1a is provided with a reflecting surface for reflecting the illumination light from the light source unit 3 downward.
  • the sample A is, for example, a cell that adheres to the bottom plate 1b and is cultured in the medium B.
  • the stage 2 is made of a flat plate-like member arranged horizontally, and the container 1 is placed on the stage 2.
  • the stage 2 is made of an optically transparent material such as glass so as to transmit illumination light.
  • the stage 2 is composed of a top plate of a casing 8 formed of a rectangular parallelepiped sealed container, and the light source unit 3, the imaging unit 4, the movable base 5, and the imaging position moving unit are provided in the casing 8. 6 and the light source moving part 7 are accommodated.
  • the light source unit 3 includes a light source body 3a such as an LED, and emits illumination light obliquely upward from the light source body 3a.
  • the illumination light emitted from the light source unit 3 passes through the stage 2 and the bottom plate 1b of the container 1 and is reflected downward on the reflection surface of the upper plate 1a of the container 1. As a result, the sample A is irradiated with illumination light from above to below.
  • the imaging unit 4 is an imaging device that acquires an image signal by capturing an image of the sample A connected by the objective lens 41 and the objective lens 41 that is arranged so that the optical axis is substantially along the vertical direction and collects the illumination light. And an element 42.
  • the objective lens 41 is disposed at a position where illumination light reflected by the upper plate 1a and transmitted through the sample A, the bottom plate 1b, and the stage 2 is incident.
  • the focus of the objective lens 41 can be moved in the optical axis direction by a focus adjustment mechanism (not shown).
  • the objective lens 41 having a large depth of field may be used so that the adjustment of the focal position is not necessary.
  • the objective lens 41 has a narrower field of view than the bottom plate 1 b of the container 1. Therefore, the range observed at a time by the imaging unit 4 is narrower than that of the bottom plate 1b. However, by moving the imaging position of the imaging unit 4 by the imaging position moving unit 6 as described later, a wide range of samples A can be obtained. Can be observed.
  • An image signal acquired by the image sensor 42 is wirelessly transmitted to a device arranged outside the housing 8 by a transmission / reception unit 9 provided in the housing 8 and displayed on a display.
  • the movable table 5 is made of a disk-shaped member, and includes a fixed portion 51 and a rotating portion 52 that are arranged in the thickness direction.
  • the rotating unit 52 is disposed on the fixed unit 51, and the light source unit 3 and the photographing unit 4 are fixed on the rotating unit 52.
  • the rotating part 52 is rotatably supported by a rotating bearing (not shown) around a rotating shaft 53 disposed along the central axis of the fixed part 51.
  • the photographing position moving unit 6 includes two linear motion mechanisms 61 and 62 that are orthogonally arranged and a control unit 63 that controls the linear motion mechanisms 61 and 62, and moves the movable base 5 in a direction along the stage 2. It is configured to be movable.
  • the first linear motion mechanism 61 includes a guide rail 61a fixed to the housing 8, a slider 61b supported so as to be movable in the first horizontal direction X along the guide rail 61a, and a drive for moving the slider 61b. And a mechanism 61c.
  • the drive mechanism 61c includes an X-axis motor 61d and a ball screw 61e.
  • the second linear motion mechanism 62 includes a guide rail 62a fixed to the slider 61b of the first linear motion mechanism 61, and a slider 62b supported so as to be movable in the second horizontal direction Y along the guide rail 62a. And a drive mechanism 62c for moving the slider 62b.
  • the drive mechanism 62c includes a Y-axis motor 62d and a ball screw 62e.
  • the movable base 5 is fixed on the slider 62 b, translated in the first direction X by the first linear motion mechanism 61, and translated in the second direction Y by the second linear motion mechanism 62.
  • the movable table 5 is movable within a predetermined movement range defined by the lengths of the guide rails 61a and 62a, and the photographing position by the photographing unit 4 is also a predetermined value defined by the lengths of the guide rails 61a and 62a. It can be changed within the shooting range.
  • guide rails 61 a and 62 a are provided so that the movable base 5 can move to the vicinity of each side wall of the housing 8, and the entire inside of the housing 8 is moved by the movable base 5. It is a range.
  • the control unit 63 controls the motors 61 d and 62 d of the linear motion mechanisms 61 and 62 based on the command signal received by the transmission / reception unit 9, and determines the shooting position by the shooting unit 4 as a command signal. Move to the position specified by.
  • a command signal for moving the shooting position in a desired direction is transmitted to the transmission / reception unit 9 using the shooting position input means 20. By doing so, the photographing position can be changed.
  • the light source moving unit 7 is provided on the movable table 5 and includes a rotation motor 7 a and a gear 7 b for rotating the rotation unit 52 around the rotation axis 53 with respect to the fixed unit 51.
  • the gear 7b rotates around a horizontal axis by the operation of the rotary motor 7a, the rotating part 52 that contacts the gear 7b is sent in the circumferential direction around the rotating shaft 53.
  • the light source moving unit 7 includes a control unit 7c that controls the rotation motor 7a according to the shooting position within the shooting range.
  • the control unit 7c holds a rotation angle table in which the photographing position and the rotation angle of the movable table 5 are associated with each other.
  • the control unit 7c reads the rotation angle corresponding to the imaging position specified by the command signal from the rotation angle table, and the rotation angle of the movable base 5 coincides with the read rotation angle.
  • the rotation of the movable table 5 is controlled.
  • the rotation angle corresponding to the photographing position at or near the end of the photographing range is such that the photographing unit 4 is closest to the end of the photographing range (that is, the photographing unit 4 is closest to the side wall of the housing 8).
  • the angle is set so that it approaches. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, when the shooting position is at or near the end of the shooting range, the rotation angle of the rotation unit 52 is such that the light source unit 3 is positioned inside the shooting range relative to the shooting unit 4. Is adjusted. In FIG. 4, some components are not shown in order to simplify the drawing.
  • the operation of the observation apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described below.
  • the observation apparatus 100 is arranged in the incubator with the container 1 placed on the stage 2, performs imaging in the incubator in accordance with a command signal transmitted by the operator, and outputs an image signal to the apparatus arranged outside the incubator. Send.
  • the illumination light emitted from the light source unit 3 passes through the stage 2 and the bottom plate 1b and is reflected by the top plate 1a, thereby illuminating the cell A from above.
  • the illumination light transmitted through the cell A enters the housing 8 via the stage 2 and is collected by the objective lens 41.
  • the image formed by the objective lens 41 is captured by the image sensor 42, and an image signal is acquired.
  • the image signal is wirelessly transmitted to a device arranged outside the incubator by the transmission / reception unit 9 and displayed on the display. Thereby, the operator can observe the cells A being cultured in the incubator without taking them out of the incubator.
  • the operator When the operator wants to observe the cells A at different positions on the bottom plate 1b, the operator transmits a command signal for moving the imaging position in either direction.
  • the imaging position moving unit 6 moves the movable base 5 to the linear motion mechanisms 61 and 62 so that the imaging position by the imaging unit 4 is arranged at the position specified by the command signal. To translate horizontally.
  • the shooting unit 4 is positioned on the side wall side of the housing 8, and the light source unit 3 is the shooting unit 4.
  • the rotation angle of the rotating unit 52 of the movable table 5 is adjusted by the light source moving unit 7 so as to be located on the inner side.
  • the light source unit 3 when the photographing position is at or near the end of the photographing range, the light source unit 3 is sandwiched between the photographing unit 4 and the side wall of the housing 8 to thereby provide the light source unit 3. Since the position of the light source unit 3 with respect to the image capturing unit 4 is adjusted so as not to interfere with the side wall of the housing 8, the image capturing unit 4 can be moved to a position closer to the side wall of the housing 8. Thereby, there is an advantage that the moving space of the movable base 5 can be minimized with respect to the photographing range by the photographing unit 4 and the housing 8 can be downsized in the horizontal direction. In particular, in the present embodiment, the horizontal dimension of the stage 2 can be suppressed substantially equal to the shooting range. Further, by disposing both the light source unit 3 and the photographing unit 4 below the stage 2, there is an advantage that the entire apparatus can be downsized in the height direction.
  • the position of the light source unit 3 with respect to the photographing unit 4 is changed while maintaining the relative positional relationship between the light source unit 3 and the photographing unit 4. If the relative positional relationship between the light source unit 3 and the imaging unit 4 changes, the incident condition of the illumination light on the objective lens 41 and the image sensor 42 changes, and the brightness of the image changes.
  • the imaging surface 42a of the imaging element 42 has a rectangular shape having a short side and a long side, the brightness at each position in the image is determined by the light source unit. 3 and the relative positional relationship between the image sensor 42. According to the present embodiment, the position of the light source unit 3 relative to the photographing unit 4 can be changed without causing a change in brightness in the image.
  • the light source unit 3 and the imaging unit 4 are provided at substantially symmetrical positions with respect to the rotation axis 53 of the movable table 5, but the arrangement of the light source unit 3 and the imaging unit 4 in the movable table 5 is as follows. It is not limited to this.
  • the center of the imaging unit 4 may be provided on the rotation shaft 53 and the light source unit 3 may be provided around the imaging unit 4.
  • observation apparatus 200 Refers to the second embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
  • a configuration different from that of the first embodiment will be described, and a configuration common to the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numeral and description thereof will be omitted.
  • the observation apparatus 200 according to this embodiment replaces the light source unit 3 and the image capturing unit 4 integrally with each other, and rotates and revolves (revolves) the light source unit 3 around the image capturing unit 4 with respect to the image capturing unit 4.
  • the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the position of the light source unit 3 is changed.
  • the imaging unit 4 is fixed to a movable table (first holding unit) 501 fixed on the slider 62 b, and the imaging unit 4 is translated by the translational movement of the movable table 501 by the imaging position moving unit 6.
  • the shooting position can be changed.
  • the light source unit 3 is held by a cylindrical rotating cylinder (second holding unit) 10 disposed outside the photographing unit 4.
  • the rotating cylinder 10 is disposed coaxially with the optical axis of the photographing unit 4 and is supported on the movable base 501 so as to be rotatable around the optical axis.
  • the light source unit 3 rotates around the photographing unit 4 so that the position of the light source unit 3 with respect to the photographing unit 4 is changed.
  • the light source moving unit 71 is provided on the movable base 501 and includes a rotation motor 71a and a gear 71b for rotating the rotating cylinder 10 around the optical axis.
  • a rotation motor 71a rotates around an axis parallel to the optical axis by the operation of the rotary motor 71a
  • the rotary cylinder 10 in contact with the gear 71b is sent in the circumferential direction around the optical axis.
  • the control unit 71c of the light source moving unit 71 controls the rotation motor 71a according to the shooting position within the shooting range.
  • the control unit 71c holds a rotation angle table in which the photographing position and the rotation angle of the rotary cylinder 10 are associated with each other.
  • the control unit 71c reads the rotation angle corresponding to the imaging position specified by the command signal from the rotation angle table, and the rotation angle of the rotary cylinder 10 matches the read rotation angle.
  • the rotation of the rotary cylinder 10 is controlled.
  • the rotation angle corresponding to the photographing position at or near the end of the photographing range is such that the photographing unit 4 is closest to the end of the photographing range (that is, the photographing unit 4 is closest to the side wall of the housing 8).
  • the angle is set so that it approaches. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, when the shooting position is at or near the end of the shooting range, the rotation angle of the rotary cylinder 10 is set so that the light source unit 3 is positioned inside the shooting range with respect to the shooting unit 4. Is adjusted.
  • illustration of a part of the configuration is omitted to simplify the drawing.
  • the shooting position moving unit 6 specifies the shooting position by the shooting unit 4 in response to the command signal.
  • the movable base 501 is translated in the horizontal direction by the linear motion mechanism so as to be arranged at the position.
  • the shooting unit 4 is positioned on the side wall side of the housing 8, and the light source unit 3 is the shooting unit 4.
  • the rotation angle of the rotating cylinder 10 is adjusted by the light source moving unit 71 so as to be located on the inner side.
  • the light source unit 3 when the photographing position is at or near the end of the photographing range, the light source unit 3 is sandwiched between the photographing unit 4 and the side wall of the housing 8 to thereby provide the light source unit 3. Since the position of the light source unit 3 with respect to the image capturing unit 4 is adjusted so as not to interfere with the side wall of the housing 8, the image capturing unit 4 can be moved to a position closer to the side wall of the housing 8. Thereby, there is an advantage that the moving space of the movable base 501 can be minimized with respect to the photographing range by the photographing unit 4 and the housing 8 can be downsized in the horizontal direction. In particular, in the present embodiment, the horizontal dimension of the stage 2 can be suppressed substantially equal to the shooting range. Further, by disposing both the light source unit 3 and the photographing unit 4 below the stage 2, there is an advantage that the entire apparatus can be downsized in the height direction.
  • the imaging unit 4 does not rotate, so the orientation of the imaging unit 4 with respect to the sample A is unchanged. Therefore, unlike the first embodiment, the image does not rotate in the image with the change of the position of the light source unit 3 with respect to the imaging unit 4, and the orientation of the image of the sample A is the same at all imaging positions. There is an advantage that a certain image can be acquired.
  • the imaging element 42 is a two-dimensional imaging element having a rectangular imaging surface 42a having a short side and a long side longer than the short side.
  • the light source unit 3 is disposed at a position where the light source unit 3 is arranged in a position substantially aligned with the substantially center of the long side of the image pickup surface 42 a of the image pickup device 42 and the long side. It is preferable that the moving unit 7 rotationally moves the light source unit 3. In this case, the light source moving unit 7 rotates the rotary cylinder 10 in units of 180 ° to move the light source unit 3 between two positions sandwiching the imaging element 42 in the short side direction.
  • the ratio of the light transmitted through the objective lens 41 to the image sensor 42 is reduced, and the image becomes dark.
  • the farther from the light source unit 3 in the imaging surface 42 a the light having a larger incident angle of the sample A arrives, so the image becomes darker.
  • the bottom plate 1b to which the sample A is bonded is in an optically conjugate position with the imaging surface 42a, and the imaging range of the sample A is a rectangle with the same orientation as the imaging surface 42a.
  • the light source unit 31 converges the illumination light emitted from the light source body 3a and the illumination light converged by the lens 3b.
  • a diffusion plate 3c for diffusing may be further provided. According to this modification, the illumination efficiency can be improved and the brightness of the image can be improved by converging the illumination light emitted as a divergent light beam from the light source body 3a. Further, by diffusing the illumination light by the diffusion plate 3c, it is possible to obtain an image in which the brightness of the illumination light is made uniform and the brightness unevenness is reduced.
  • a reflection unit 12 that reflects illumination light may be provided above the stage 2.
  • the reflection part 12 is arrange
  • the illumination efficiency can be improved by using a material having a higher reflectance than the upper plate 1a for the reflecting surface of the reflecting portion 12.
  • the height with respect to the sample A of the upper plate 1a changes with kinds of the container 1
  • the height with respect to the sample A can be made constant by arrange

Abstract

An observation apparatus (100) according to the present invention is provided with: a stage (2) that supports a sample (A); a light source unit (3) that is disposed below the sample (A) and emits illumination light upward; an imaging unit (4) that is disposed below the sample and that captures images of the sample (A); a imaging position moving unit (6) that moves the light source unit (3) and the imaging unit (4) in a horizontal direction to change, within a predetermined imaging range, the position to be imaged by the imaging unit (4); and a light source moving unit (7) for changing the position of the light source unit (3) with respect to the imaging unit (4) in accordance with the imaging position within the predetermined imaging range.

Description

観察装置Observation device
　本発明は、観察装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an observation apparatus.
　従来、培養容器の底面に接着した細胞をインキュベータ内で培養しながら観察する観察装置が知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。特許文献１には、細胞に照明光を照射する光源部および細胞を撮影する撮影部の両方が試料の下方に配置され、光源部と撮影部を一体的に水平方向に移動させて照明位置および撮影位置を変更する構成が開示されている。 Conventionally, an observation apparatus for observing cells adhered to the bottom surface of a culture vessel while culturing them in an incubator is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). In Patent Document 1, both a light source unit that irradiates cells with illumination light and an imaging unit that images cells are arranged below the sample, and the illumination position and A configuration for changing the shooting position is disclosed.
特開２００５－３２６４９５号公報JP 2005-326495 A
　しかしながら、特許文献１の観察装置において、光源部が位置する側に撮影位置を移動したときに光源部が周囲の部材と干渉しないように、光源部および撮影部が移動するためのスペースを光源部の寸法の分だけ水平方向に広く確保する必要があり、小型化することが難しいという不都合がある。
　本発明は、上述した事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、装置を大型化させることなく、細胞等の試料を観察することができる観察装置を提供することを目的としている。 However, in the observation apparatus of Patent Document 1, a space for moving the light source unit and the imaging unit is provided so that the light source unit does not interfere with surrounding members when the imaging position is moved to the side where the light source unit is located. Therefore, there is a disadvantage that it is difficult to reduce the size.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an observation apparatus capable of observing a sample such as a cell without increasing the size of the apparatus.
　上記目的を達成するため、本発明は以下の手段を提供する。
　本発明の一態様は、試料を支持するステージと、該ステージによって支持された前記試料の下方に配置され、該試料を照明する照明光を上方へ向けて射出する光源部と、前記ステージによって支持された前記試料の下方に配置され、該試料を撮影する撮影部と、前記光源部および前記撮影部を水平方向に移動させて前記撮影部による撮影位置を所定の撮影範囲内で変更する撮影位置移動部と、前記所定の撮影範囲内の前記撮影位置に応じて前記撮影部に対する前記光源部の位置を変更する光源移動部とを備える観察装置である。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following means.
One embodiment of the present invention includes a stage that supports a sample, a light source unit that is disposed below the sample supported by the stage, and emits illumination light that illuminates the sample upward, and is supported by the stage. An imaging unit that is disposed below the sample and that images the sample, and an imaging position in which the imaging position by the imaging unit is changed within a predetermined imaging range by moving the light source unit and the imaging unit in the horizontal direction. An observation apparatus includes a moving unit and a light source moving unit that changes a position of the light source unit with respect to the imaging unit in accordance with the imaging position within the predetermined imaging range.
　本発明によれば、ステージに支持され光源部からの照明光によって照明された試料が撮影部によって撮影される。また、撮影位置移動部によって光源部および撮影部を移動させて照明位置および撮影位置を変更することにより、異なる位置における試料が撮影される。したがって、撮影部の視野よりも広い撮影範囲の試料を観察することができる。 According to the present invention, the sample supported by the stage and illuminated by the illumination light from the light source unit is photographed by the photographing unit. In addition, by moving the light source unit and the imaging unit by the imaging position moving unit to change the illumination position and the imaging position, samples at different positions are imaged. Therefore, it is possible to observe a sample in a photographing range wider than the field of view of the photographing unit.
　この場合に、撮影範囲内の撮影位置に応じて撮影部に対する光源部の位置が光源移動部によって変更される。すなわち、撮影位置が撮影範囲内の端部またはその近傍であるときに、撮影範囲に対応する撮影部の移動範囲の内側に光源部が位置するように、光源部の位置が変更される。これにより、撮影部および移動部を移動させるための移動スペースを、光源部用のスペースを考慮して撮影部の移動範囲よりも余分に確保する必要がないので、移動スペースを撮影範囲と同等の最小限の寸法に抑えることができ、装置を小型化することができる。 In this case, the position of the light source unit with respect to the imaging unit is changed by the light source moving unit according to the imaging position within the imaging range. That is, the position of the light source unit is changed so that the light source unit is positioned inside the moving range of the imaging unit corresponding to the imaging range when the imaging position is at or near the end in the imaging range. Accordingly, it is not necessary to secure a moving space for moving the photographing unit and the moving unit in excess of the moving range of the photographing unit in consideration of the space for the light source unit. The size can be minimized and the apparatus can be miniaturized.
　上記態様においては、前記光源部および前記撮影部を保持し、前記水平方向に並進移動可能かつ鉛直方向の回転軸回りに回転可能な保持部を備え、前記撮影位置移動部は、前記保持部を前記水平方向に並進移動させ、前記光源移動部は、前記保持部を前記回転軸回りに回転させてもよい。
　このようにすることで、保持部の回転によって撮影部に対する光源部の位置を変更したときに、撮影部と光源部との相対位置関係は変換しない。これにより、いずれの撮影位置で取得された画像においても照明条件を同一にすることができる。 In the above aspect, the light source unit and the photographing unit are held, the holding unit is capable of translationally moving in the horizontal direction and rotatable about a vertical rotation axis, and the photographing position moving unit includes the holding unit. The light source moving unit may cause the light source moving unit to rotate the holding unit around the rotation axis.
In this way, when the position of the light source unit relative to the imaging unit is changed by the rotation of the holding unit, the relative positional relationship between the imaging unit and the light source unit is not converted. Thereby, the illumination conditions can be made the same in the images acquired at any photographing position.
　上記態様においては、前記撮影部を保持し、前記水平方向に並進移動可能な第１の保持部と、前記光源部を保持し、前記撮影部の周囲を鉛直方向の回転軸回りに回転可能な第２の保持部とを備え、前記撮影位置移動部が、前記第１の保持部を前記水平方向に並進移動させ、前記光源移動部が、前記第２の保持部を前記回転軸回りに回転させてもよい。
　このようにすることで、光源部を撮影部の周囲で回転移動させて撮影部に対する光源部の位置を変更したときに、試料に対する撮影部の姿勢は変化しないので、光源部の位置の変更に伴う画像内の試料の像の回転が生じない。これにより、いずれの撮影位置においても試料の像の向きが同一の画像を取得することができる。 In the above aspect, the imaging unit is held, the first holding unit capable of translational movement in the horizontal direction, the light source unit is held, and the periphery of the imaging unit can be rotated around a vertical rotation axis. A second holding unit, the photographing position moving unit translates the first holding unit in the horizontal direction, and the light source moving unit rotates the second holding unit around the rotation axis. You may let them.
In this way, when the position of the light source unit relative to the image capturing unit is changed by rotating the light source unit around the image capturing unit, the position of the image capturing unit with respect to the sample does not change. There is no rotation of the sample image in the accompanying image. Thereby, it is possible to acquire an image with the same orientation of the sample image at any photographing position.
　上記態様においては、前記撮影部が、短辺および該短辺よりも長い長辺を有する長方形の撮像面を有する２次元撮像素子を備え、前記光源移動部は、前記撮像面の前記長辺の略中央と前記長辺に垂直な方向に並ぶ位置に前記光源部を移動させてもよい。
　撮像面の各位置と光源部との相対位置関係に応じて撮像面の各位置への光の入射条件が異なることにより、画像には明るさの差が生じ得る。光源部を撮像面の長辺に沿う方向において該長辺の略中央に配置することによって、撮像面の光源部から近い位置と遠い位置との間での光の入射条件の差が小さくなり、画像内の明るさの差を低減することができる。 In the above aspect, the imaging unit includes a two-dimensional imaging element having a rectangular imaging surface having a short side and a long side longer than the short side, and the light source moving unit is provided on the long side of the imaging surface. The light source unit may be moved to a position aligned in a direction substantially perpendicular to the center and the long side.
A difference in brightness may occur in an image due to a difference in the incident condition of light on each position on the imaging surface according to the relative positional relationship between each position on the imaging surface and the light source unit. By disposing the light source unit at the approximate center of the long side in the direction along the long side of the imaging surface, the difference in light incident conditions between the position near and far from the light source unit on the imaging surface is reduced. The difference in brightness in the image can be reduced.
　上記態様においては、前記光源部が、前記照明光を発する光源本体と、該光源本体から発せられた照明光を収斂するレンズと、該レンズによって収斂された照明光を拡散させる拡散板とを備えていてもよい。
　このようにすることで、光源から発散光束として発せられる照明光をレンズによって収斂することによって、照明光による試料の照明効率を向上してより明るい画像を得ることができる。また、拡散板によって照明光を拡散させることによって、照明光に含まれる明るさムラを低減し、照明ムラの低減された画像を得ることができる。 In the above aspect, the light source unit includes a light source body that emits the illumination light, a lens that converges the illumination light emitted from the light source body, and a diffusion plate that diffuses the illumination light converged by the lens. It may be.
By doing so, the illumination light emitted from the light source as a divergent light beam is converged by the lens, whereby the illumination efficiency of the sample by the illumination light can be improved and a brighter image can be obtained. Further, by diffusing the illumination light with the diffusion plate, it is possible to reduce brightness unevenness included in the illumination light and obtain an image with reduced illumination unevenness.
　上記態様においては、前記ステージの上方に配置され、前記光源部から射出された前記照明光を下方へ向かって反射する反射部を備えていてもよい。
　このようにすることで、反射部によって反射された照明光が試料に上方から照射され、試料を透過した照明光が撮影部に入射することにより、試料が撮像される。反射部を設けることによって、試料を収容する容器の上板によって照明光を反射する構成と比較して、光源部から射出された照明光のうち試料の照明に寄与する割合を高めて照明効率を向上することができる。また、光源部と反射部との間の距離および撮影部と反射部との間の距離が容器の種類に依らずに一定となるので照明特性を安定させることができる。 In the said aspect, you may provide the reflection part which is arrange | positioned above the said stage and reflects the said illumination light inject | emitted from the said light source part toward the downward direction.
By doing in this way, the illumination light reflected by the reflection part is irradiated onto the sample from above, and the illumination light transmitted through the sample is incident on the imaging part, whereby the sample is imaged. By providing the reflecting portion, the illumination efficiency is improved by increasing the proportion of the illumination light emitted from the light source portion that contributes to the illumination of the sample, compared to the configuration in which the illumination light is reflected by the upper plate of the container that accommodates the sample. Can be improved. In addition, since the distance between the light source unit and the reflection unit and the distance between the imaging unit and the reflection unit are constant regardless of the type of the container, the illumination characteristics can be stabilized.
　本発明によれば、装置を大型化させることなく、細胞等の試料を観察することができるという効果を奏する。 According to the present invention, it is possible to observe a sample such as a cell without increasing the size of the apparatus.
本発明の第１の実施形態に係る観察装置に容器を搭載した状態を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which mounted the container in the observation apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 図１の観察装置の内部構造を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the internal structure of the observation apparatus of FIG. 図１の観察装置の機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram of the observation apparatus of FIG. 図１の観察装置の光源部および撮影部の動作を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining operation | movement of the light source part and imaging | photography part of the observation apparatus of FIG. 本発明の第２の実施形態に係る観察装置に容器を搭載した状態を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which mounted the container in the observation apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 図５の観察装置の機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram of the observation apparatus of FIG. 図５の観察装置の光源部および撮影部の動作を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining operation | movement of the light source part and imaging | photography part of the observation apparatus of FIG. 撮像素子に入射する照明光の入射角を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the incident angle of the illumination light which injects into an image sensor. 本発明の第１および第２の実施形態に係る観察装置の変形例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the modification of the observation apparatus which concerns on the 1st and 2nd embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１および第２の実施形態に係る観察装置の他の変形例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the other modification of the observation apparatus which concerns on the 1st and 2nd embodiment of this invention.
（第１の実施形態）
　本発明の第１の実施形態に係る観察装置１００について図面を参照して以下に説明する。
　本実施形態に係る観察装置１００は、図１および図２に示されるように、試料Ａを収容した容器１を支持するステージ２と、ステージ２の下方において水平方向に間隔をあけて配置された光源部３および撮影部４と、光源部３および撮影部４を保持する可動台（保持部）５と、該可動台５を水平方向に移動させて撮影部４による撮影位置を変更する撮影位置移動部６と、撮影部４に対する光源部３の位置を変更する光源移動部７とを備えている。 (First embodiment)
An observation apparatus 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the observation apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is arranged with a stage 2 supporting the container 1 containing the sample A and a horizontal space below the stage 2 in the horizontal direction. The light source unit 3 and the imaging unit 4, the movable table (holding unit) 5 that holds the light source unit 3 and the imaging unit 4, and the imaging position at which the imaging unit 4 changes the imaging position by moving the movable table 5 in the horizontal direction. A moving unit 6 and a light source moving unit 7 that changes the position of the light source unit 3 with respect to the photographing unit 4 are provided.
　容器１は、細胞培養用のフラスコまたはディッシュのような、全体的に光学的に透明な材料から形成された閉鎖容器であり、互いに対向する上板１ａおよび底板１ｂを有する。上板１ａには、光源部３からの照明光を下方へ反射するための反射面が設けられている。試料Ａは、例えば、底板１ｂに接着し培地Ｂ中で培養される細胞である。 The container 1 is a closed container formed of an entirely optically transparent material, such as a cell culture flask or dish, and has a top plate 1a and a bottom plate 1b facing each other. The upper plate 1a is provided with a reflecting surface for reflecting the illumination light from the light source unit 3 downward. The sample A is, for example, a cell that adheres to the bottom plate 1b and is cultured in the medium B.
　ステージ２は、水平に配置される平板状の部材からなり、ステージ２上に容器１が載置される。ステージ２は、照明光を透過させるように光学的に透明な材質、例えばガラスからなる。本実施形態において、ステージ２は、直方体状の密閉容器からなる筐体８の天板から構成されており、該筐体８内に光源部３、撮影部４、可動台５、撮影位置移動部６および光源移動部７が収容されている。 The stage 2 is made of a flat plate-like member arranged horizontally, and the container 1 is placed on the stage 2. The stage 2 is made of an optically transparent material such as glass so as to transmit illumination light. In the present embodiment, the stage 2 is composed of a top plate of a casing 8 formed of a rectangular parallelepiped sealed container, and the light source unit 3, the imaging unit 4, the movable base 5, and the imaging position moving unit are provided in the casing 8. 6 and the light source moving part 7 are accommodated.
　光源部３は、ＬＥＤのような光源本体３ａを有し、該光源本体３ａから斜め上方に向けて照明光を発する。光源部３から発せられた照明光は、ステージ２および容器１の底板１ｂを透過し、容器１の上板１ａの反射面において下方へ反射される。これにより、試料Ａには、上方から下方へ向かって照明光が照射されるようになっている。 The light source unit 3 includes a light source body 3a such as an LED, and emits illumination light obliquely upward from the light source body 3a. The illumination light emitted from the light source unit 3 passes through the stage 2 and the bottom plate 1b of the container 1 and is reflected downward on the reflection surface of the upper plate 1a of the container 1. As a result, the sample A is irradiated with illumination light from above to below.
　撮影部４は、光軸が略鉛直方向に沿うように配置され照明光を集光する対物レンズ４１と、該対物レンズ４１によって結ばれた試料Ａの像を撮影して画像信号を取得する撮像素子４２とを備えている。
　対物レンズ４１は、上板１ａによって反射され、試料Ａ、底板１ｂおよびステージ２を透過した照明光が入射する位置に配置されている。対物レンズ４１の焦点は、図示しない焦点調節機構によって光軸方向に移動可能となっている。焦点位置の調節が不要となるように、大きな被写界深度を有する対物レンズ４１を使用してもよい。 The imaging unit 4 is an imaging device that acquires an image signal by capturing an image of the sample A connected by the objective lens 41 and the objective lens 41 that is arranged so that the optical axis is substantially along the vertical direction and collects the illumination light. And an element 42.
The objective lens 41 is disposed at a position where illumination light reflected by the upper plate 1a and transmitted through the sample A, the bottom plate 1b, and the stage 2 is incident. The focus of the objective lens 41 can be moved in the optical axis direction by a focus adjustment mechanism (not shown). The objective lens 41 having a large depth of field may be used so that the adjustment of the focal position is not necessary.
　対物レンズ４１は、容器１の底板１ｂよりも狭い視野を有する。したがって、撮影部４によって一度に観察される範囲は底板１ｂよりも狭い範囲となるが、後述するように撮影位置移動部６によって撮影部４による撮影位置を移動することによって、広範囲の試料Ａを観察することができる。
　撮像素子４２によって取得された画像信号は、筐体８内に設けられた送受信部９によって筐体８の外部に配置された装置に無線送信されてディスプレイに表示されるようになっている。 The objective lens 41 has a narrower field of view than the bottom plate 1 b of the container 1. Therefore, the range observed at a time by the imaging unit 4 is narrower than that of the bottom plate 1b. However, by moving the imaging position of the imaging unit 4 by the imaging position moving unit 6 as described later, a wide range of samples A can be obtained. Can be observed.
An image signal acquired by the image sensor 42 is wirelessly transmitted to a device arranged outside the housing 8 by a transmission / reception unit 9 provided in the housing 8 and displayed on a display.
　可動台５は、それぞれ円板状の部材からなり、厚さ方向に重ねて配置された固定部５１および回転部５２を備えている。回転部５２は固定部５１上に配置され、回転部５２上に光源部３および撮影部４が固定されている。回転部５２は、固定部５１の中心軸線に沿って配置された回転軸５３回りに、図示しない回転ベアリングによって回転可能に支持されている。 The movable table 5 is made of a disk-shaped member, and includes a fixed portion 51 and a rotating portion 52 that are arranged in the thickness direction. The rotating unit 52 is disposed on the fixed unit 51, and the light source unit 3 and the photographing unit 4 are fixed on the rotating unit 52. The rotating part 52 is rotatably supported by a rotating bearing (not shown) around a rotating shaft 53 disposed along the central axis of the fixed part 51.
　撮影位置移動部６は、直交配置された２つの直動機構６１，６２と、該直動機構６１，６２を制御する制御部６３とを備え、可動台５をステージ２に沿う方向に２次元的に移動可能に構成されている。
　第１の直動機構６１は、筐体８に固定されたガイドレール６１ａと、ガイドレール６１ａに沿って第１の水平方向Ｘに移動可能に支持されたスライダ６１ｂと、スライダ６１ｂを移動させる駆動機構６１ｃとを備えている。駆動機構６１ｃは、Ｘ軸モータ６１ｄとボールネジ６１ｅとを備えている。 The photographing position moving unit 6 includes two linear motion mechanisms 61 and 62 that are orthogonally arranged and a control unit 63 that controls the linear motion mechanisms 61 and 62, and moves the movable base 5 in a direction along the stage 2. It is configured to be movable.
The first linear motion mechanism 61 includes a guide rail 61a fixed to the housing 8, a slider 61b supported so as to be movable in the first horizontal direction X along the guide rail 61a, and a drive for moving the slider 61b. And a mechanism 61c. The drive mechanism 61c includes an X-axis motor 61d and a ball screw 61e.
　第２の直動機構６２は、第１の直動機構６１のスライダ６１ｂに固定されたガイドレール６２ａと、該ガイドレール６２ａに沿って第２の水平方向Ｙに移動可能に支持されたスライダ６２ｂと、スライダ６２ｂを移動させる駆動機構６２ｃとを備えている。駆動機構６２ｃは、Ｙ軸モータ６２ｄとボールネジ６２ｅとを備えている。 The second linear motion mechanism 62 includes a guide rail 62a fixed to the slider 61b of the first linear motion mechanism 61, and a slider 62b supported so as to be movable in the second horizontal direction Y along the guide rail 62a. And a drive mechanism 62c for moving the slider 62b. The drive mechanism 62c includes a Y-axis motor 62d and a ball screw 62e.
　可動台５は、スライダ６２ｂ上に固定されており、第１の直動機構６１によって第１の方向Ｘに並進移動し、第２の直動機構６２によって第２の方向Ｙに並進移動する。可動台５は、ガイドレール６１ａ，６２ａの長さによって規定される所定の移動範囲内を移動可能であり、撮影部４による撮影位置も、ガイドレール６１ａ，６２ａの長さによって規定される所定の撮影範囲内で変更可能となっている。本実施形態においては、可動台５が筐体８の各側壁の近傍まで移動することができるようにガイドレール６１ａ，６２ａが設けられており、筐体８内の略全体が可動台５の移動範囲となっている。 The movable base 5 is fixed on the slider 62 b, translated in the first direction X by the first linear motion mechanism 61, and translated in the second direction Y by the second linear motion mechanism 62. The movable table 5 is movable within a predetermined movement range defined by the lengths of the guide rails 61a and 62a, and the photographing position by the photographing unit 4 is also a predetermined value defined by the lengths of the guide rails 61a and 62a. It can be changed within the shooting range. In the present embodiment, guide rails 61 a and 62 a are provided so that the movable base 5 can move to the vicinity of each side wall of the housing 8, and the entire inside of the housing 8 is moved by the movable base 5. It is a range.
　制御部６３は、図３に示されるように、送受信部９によって受信された指令信号に基づいて直動機構６１，６２のモータ６１ｄ，６２ｄを制御して、撮影部４による撮影位置を指令信号が指定する位置へ移動させる。操作者は、ディスプレイに表示された画像とは異なる撮影位置の画像を観察したいときに、撮影位置を所望の方向に移動させるための指令信号を撮影位置入力手段２０を用いて送受信部９に送信することによって、撮影位置を変更することができる。 As shown in FIG. 3, the control unit 63 controls the motors 61 d and 62 d of the linear motion mechanisms 61 and 62 based on the command signal received by the transmission / reception unit 9, and determines the shooting position by the shooting unit 4 as a command signal. Move to the position specified by. When the operator wants to observe an image at a shooting position different from the image displayed on the display, a command signal for moving the shooting position in a desired direction is transmitted to the transmission / reception unit 9 using the shooting position input means 20. By doing so, the photographing position can be changed.
　光源移動部７は、可動台５に設けられ、固定部５１に対して回転部５２を回転軸５３回りに回転駆動するための回転モータ７ａおよびギヤ７ｂを備えている。回転モータ７ａの作動によってギヤ７ｂが水平な軸回りに回転すると、ギヤ７ｂに接触する回転部５２が回転軸５３を中心とする周方向に送られるようになっている。 The light source moving unit 7 is provided on the movable table 5 and includes a rotation motor 7 a and a gear 7 b for rotating the rotation unit 52 around the rotation axis 53 with respect to the fixed unit 51. When the gear 7b rotates around a horizontal axis by the operation of the rotary motor 7a, the rotating part 52 that contacts the gear 7b is sent in the circumferential direction around the rotating shaft 53.
　また、光源移動部７は、撮影範囲内における撮影位置に応じて回転モータ７ａを制御する制御部７ｃを備える。制御部７ｃは、撮影位置と可動台５の回転角とが対応付けられた回転角テーブルを保持している。制御部７ｃは、送受信部９が指令信号を受信すると、指令信号が指定する撮影位置と対応する回転角を回転角テーブルから読み出し、可動台５の回転角が読み出された回転角と一致するように可動台５の回転を制御する。 Further, the light source moving unit 7 includes a control unit 7c that controls the rotation motor 7a according to the shooting position within the shooting range. The control unit 7c holds a rotation angle table in which the photographing position and the rotation angle of the movable table 5 are associated with each other. When the transmission / reception unit 9 receives the command signal, the control unit 7c reads the rotation angle corresponding to the imaging position specified by the command signal from the rotation angle table, and the rotation angle of the movable base 5 coincides with the read rotation angle. Thus, the rotation of the movable table 5 is controlled.
　回転角テーブルにおいて、撮影範囲の端部またはその近傍の撮影位置に対応する回転角は、撮影部４が撮影範囲の端に最も近づくような（すなわち、撮影部４が筐体８の側壁に最も近づくような）角度に設定されている。したがって、図４に示されるように、撮影位置が撮影範囲の端部またはその近傍であるときには、光源部３が撮影部４よりも撮影範囲の内側に位置するように、回転部５２の回転角が調整される。図４において、図面を簡略にするために一部の構成の図示を省略している。 In the rotation angle table, the rotation angle corresponding to the photographing position at or near the end of the photographing range is such that the photographing unit 4 is closest to the end of the photographing range (that is, the photographing unit 4 is closest to the side wall of the housing 8). The angle is set so that it approaches. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, when the shooting position is at or near the end of the shooting range, the rotation angle of the rotation unit 52 is such that the light source unit 3 is positioned inside the shooting range relative to the shooting unit 4. Is adjusted. In FIG. 4, some components are not shown in order to simplify the drawing.
　このように構成された本実施形態に係る観察装置１００の作用について以下に説明する。
　観察装置１００は、ステージ２上に容器１を載置した状態でインキュベータ内に配置され、操作者が送信する指令信号に従ってインキュベータ内で撮影を実行してインキュベータの外部に配置された装置に画像信号を送信する。 The operation of the observation apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described below.
The observation apparatus 100 is arranged in the incubator with the container 1 placed on the stage 2, performs imaging in the incubator in accordance with a command signal transmitted by the operator, and outputs an image signal to the apparatus arranged outside the incubator. Send.
　光源部３から発せられた照明光は、ステージ２および底板１ｂを透過し、上板１ａで反射されることにより、細胞Ａを上方から照明する。細胞Ａを透過した照明光は、ステージ２を介して筐体８内に入射し、対物レンズ４１によって集光される。そして、対物レンズ４１によって形成された像が撮像素子４２によって撮影されて画像信号が取得される。画像信号は、送受信部９によってインキュベータの外部に配置された装置に無線送信されてディスプレイに表示される。これにより、操作者は、インキュベータ内で培養中の細胞Ａをインキュベータから取り出すことなく観察することができる。 The illumination light emitted from the light source unit 3 passes through the stage 2 and the bottom plate 1b and is reflected by the top plate 1a, thereby illuminating the cell A from above. The illumination light transmitted through the cell A enters the housing 8 via the stage 2 and is collected by the objective lens 41. Then, the image formed by the objective lens 41 is captured by the image sensor 42, and an image signal is acquired. The image signal is wirelessly transmitted to a device arranged outside the incubator by the transmission / reception unit 9 and displayed on the display. Thereby, the operator can observe the cells A being cultured in the incubator without taking them out of the incubator.
　操作者は、底板１ｂ上の異なる位置の細胞Ａを観察したい場合には、撮影位置をいずれかの方向に移動させるための指令信号を送信する。撮影位置移動部６は、送受信部９において受信された指令信号に応答して、撮影部４による撮影位置が指令信号の指定する位置に配されるように可動台５を直動機構６１，６２によって水平方向に並進移動させる。このときに、撮影位置が撮影範囲の端部またはその近傍である場合には、図４に示されるように、撮影部４が筐体８の側壁側に位置し、光源部３が撮影部４よりも内側に位置するように、光源移動部７によって可動台５の回転部５２の回転角が調整される。 When the operator wants to observe the cells A at different positions on the bottom plate 1b, the operator transmits a command signal for moving the imaging position in either direction. In response to the command signal received by the transmission / reception unit 9, the imaging position moving unit 6 moves the movable base 5 to the linear motion mechanisms 61 and 62 so that the imaging position by the imaging unit 4 is arranged at the position specified by the command signal. To translate horizontally. At this time, when the shooting position is at or near the end of the shooting range, as shown in FIG. 4, the shooting unit 4 is positioned on the side wall side of the housing 8, and the light source unit 3 is the shooting unit 4. The rotation angle of the rotating unit 52 of the movable table 5 is adjusted by the light source moving unit 7 so as to be located on the inner side.
　このように、本実施形態によれば、撮影位置が撮影範囲の端部またはその近傍であるときに、光源部３が撮影部４と筐体８の側壁との間に挟まれて光源部３が筐体８の側壁と干渉することがないように撮影部４に対する光源部３の位置が調整されるので、撮影部４を筐体８の側壁により近い位置まで移動させることが可能となる。これにより、撮影部４による撮影範囲に対して可動台５の移動スペースを最小限に抑え、筐体８を水平方向に小型化することができるという利点がある。特に本実施形態においては、ステージ２の水平方向の寸法を撮影範囲と略同等に抑えることができる。また、光源部３および撮影部４の両方をステージ２の下方に配置することによって、装置全体を高さ方向に小型化することができるという利点がある。 As described above, according to the present embodiment, when the photographing position is at or near the end of the photographing range, the light source unit 3 is sandwiched between the photographing unit 4 and the side wall of the housing 8 to thereby provide the light source unit 3. Since the position of the light source unit 3 with respect to the image capturing unit 4 is adjusted so as not to interfere with the side wall of the housing 8, the image capturing unit 4 can be moved to a position closer to the side wall of the housing 8. Thereby, there is an advantage that the moving space of the movable base 5 can be minimized with respect to the photographing range by the photographing unit 4 and the housing 8 can be downsized in the horizontal direction. In particular, in the present embodiment, the horizontal dimension of the stage 2 can be suppressed substantially equal to the shooting range. Further, by disposing both the light source unit 3 and the photographing unit 4 below the stage 2, there is an advantage that the entire apparatus can be downsized in the height direction.
　また、光源部３と撮影部４とを一体的に回転させることによって、光源部３と撮影部４との相対位置関係を維持したまま撮影部４に対する光源部３の位置が変更される。仮に光源部３と撮影部４との相対位置関係が変化すると、対物レンズ４１および撮像素子４２への照明光の入射条件が変化し、画像の明るさに変化が生じる。特に、後述する第２の実施形態で説明するように、撮像素子４２の撮像面４２ａが短辺と長辺とを有する長方形状である場合には、画像内の各位置の明るさは光源部３と撮像素子４２との相対位置関係に影響される。本実施形態によれば、画像に明るさの変化を生じさせることなく、撮影部４に対する光源部３の位置を変更することができる。 In addition, by rotating the light source unit 3 and the photographing unit 4 integrally, the position of the light source unit 3 with respect to the photographing unit 4 is changed while maintaining the relative positional relationship between the light source unit 3 and the photographing unit 4. If the relative positional relationship between the light source unit 3 and the imaging unit 4 changes, the incident condition of the illumination light on the objective lens 41 and the image sensor 42 changes, and the brightness of the image changes. In particular, as will be described in a second embodiment to be described later, when the imaging surface 42a of the imaging element 42 has a rectangular shape having a short side and a long side, the brightness at each position in the image is determined by the light source unit. 3 and the relative positional relationship between the image sensor 42. According to the present embodiment, the position of the light source unit 3 relative to the photographing unit 4 can be changed without causing a change in brightness in the image.
　本実施形態においては、可動台５の回転軸５３に対して略対称な位置に光源部３と撮影部４が設けられているが、可動台５における光源部３と撮影部４との配置はこれに限定されるものではない。例えば、撮影部４の中心を回転軸５３上に設け、光源部３を撮影部４の周囲に設けてもよい。 In the present embodiment, the light source unit 3 and the imaging unit 4 are provided at substantially symmetrical positions with respect to the rotation axis 53 of the movable table 5, but the arrangement of the light source unit 3 and the imaging unit 4 in the movable table 5 is as follows. It is not limited to this. For example, the center of the imaging unit 4 may be provided on the rotation shaft 53 and the light source unit 3 may be provided around the imaging unit 4.
（第２の実施形態）
　次に、本発明の第２の実施形態に係る観察装置２００について図面を参照して説明する。本実施形態においては、第１の実施形態と異なる構成について説明し、第１の実施形態と共通する構成については同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
　本実施形態に係る観察装置２００は、光源部３および撮影部４を一体的に回転させることに代えて、光源部３を撮影部４の周囲で回転移動（公転）させることにより撮影部４に対する光源部３の位置を変更するように構成されている点において、第１の実施形態と異なっている。 (Second Embodiment)
Next, an observation apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, a configuration different from that of the first embodiment will be described, and a configuration common to the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numeral and description thereof will be omitted.
The observation apparatus 200 according to this embodiment replaces the light source unit 3 and the image capturing unit 4 integrally with each other, and rotates and revolves (revolves) the light source unit 3 around the image capturing unit 4 with respect to the image capturing unit 4. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the position of the light source unit 3 is changed.
　撮影部４は、図５に示されるように、スライダ６２ｂ上に固定された可動台（第１の保持部）５０１に固定され、撮影位置移動部６による可動台５０１の並進移動によって撮影部４による撮影位置が変更可能になっている。
　光源部３は、撮影部４の外側に配置された円筒状の回転筒（第２の保持部）１０に保持されている。回転筒１０は、撮影部４の光軸と同軸に配置され、光軸回りに回転可能に可動台５０１に支持されている。回転筒１０が光軸回りに回転することによって、光源部３が撮影部４の周囲を回転移動して撮影部４に対する光源部３の位置が変更されるようになっている。 As shown in FIG. 5, the imaging unit 4 is fixed to a movable table (first holding unit) 501 fixed on the slider 62 b, and the imaging unit 4 is translated by the translational movement of the movable table 501 by the imaging position moving unit 6. The shooting position can be changed.
The light source unit 3 is held by a cylindrical rotating cylinder (second holding unit) 10 disposed outside the photographing unit 4. The rotating cylinder 10 is disposed coaxially with the optical axis of the photographing unit 4 and is supported on the movable base 501 so as to be rotatable around the optical axis. As the rotary cylinder 10 rotates around the optical axis, the light source unit 3 rotates around the photographing unit 4 so that the position of the light source unit 3 with respect to the photographing unit 4 is changed.
　光源移動部７１は、可動台５０１に設けられ、回転筒１０を光軸回りに回転駆動するための回転モータ７１ａおよびギヤ７１ｂを備えている。回転モータ７１ａの作動によってギヤ７１ｂが光軸に平行な軸回りに回転すると、ギヤ７１ｂに接触する回転筒１０が光軸を中心とする周方向に送られるようになっている。 The light source moving unit 71 is provided on the movable base 501 and includes a rotation motor 71a and a gear 71b for rotating the rotating cylinder 10 around the optical axis. When the gear 71b rotates around an axis parallel to the optical axis by the operation of the rotary motor 71a, the rotary cylinder 10 in contact with the gear 71b is sent in the circumferential direction around the optical axis.
　光源移動部７１の制御部７１ｃは、図６に示されるように、撮影範囲内における撮影位置に応じて回転モータ７１ａを制御する。制御部７１ｃは、撮影位置と回転筒１０の回転角とが対応付けられた回転角テーブルを保持している。制御部７１ｃは、送受信部９が指令信号を受信すると、指令信号が指定する撮影位置と対応する回転角を回転角テーブルから読み出し、回転筒１０の回転角が読み出された回転角と一致するように回転筒１０の回転を制御する。 As shown in FIG. 6, the control unit 71c of the light source moving unit 71 controls the rotation motor 71a according to the shooting position within the shooting range. The control unit 71c holds a rotation angle table in which the photographing position and the rotation angle of the rotary cylinder 10 are associated with each other. When the transmission / reception unit 9 receives the command signal, the control unit 71c reads the rotation angle corresponding to the imaging position specified by the command signal from the rotation angle table, and the rotation angle of the rotary cylinder 10 matches the read rotation angle. Thus, the rotation of the rotary cylinder 10 is controlled.
　回転角テーブルにおいて、撮影範囲の端部またはその近傍の撮影位置に対応する回転角は、撮影部４が撮影範囲の端に最も近づくような（すなわち、撮影部４が筐体８の側壁に最も近づくような）角度に設定されている。したがって、図７に示されるように、撮影位置が撮影範囲の端部またはその近傍であるときには、光源部３が撮影部４よりも撮影範囲の内側に位置するように、回転筒１０の回転角が調整される。図７において、図面を簡略にするために一部の構成の図示を省略している。 In the rotation angle table, the rotation angle corresponding to the photographing position at or near the end of the photographing range is such that the photographing unit 4 is closest to the end of the photographing range (that is, the photographing unit 4 is closest to the side wall of the housing 8). The angle is set so that it approaches. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, when the shooting position is at or near the end of the shooting range, the rotation angle of the rotary cylinder 10 is set so that the light source unit 3 is positioned inside the shooting range with respect to the shooting unit 4. Is adjusted. In FIG. 7, illustration of a part of the configuration is omitted to simplify the drawing.
　本実施形態に係る観察装置２００によれば、送受信部９において指令信号が受信されると、撮影位置移動部６は、指令信号に応答して、撮影部４による撮影位置が指令信号の指定する位置に配されるように可動台５０１を直動機構によって水平方向に並進移動させる。このときに、撮影位置が撮影範囲の端部またはその近傍である場合には、図７に示されるように、撮影部４が筐体８の側壁側に位置し、光源部３が撮影部４よりも内側に位置するように、光源移動部７１によって回転筒１０の回転角が調整される。 According to the observation device 200 according to the present embodiment, when the command signal is received by the transmission / reception unit 9, the shooting position moving unit 6 specifies the shooting position by the shooting unit 4 in response to the command signal. The movable base 501 is translated in the horizontal direction by the linear motion mechanism so as to be arranged at the position. At this time, if the shooting position is at or near the end of the shooting range, as shown in FIG. 7, the shooting unit 4 is positioned on the side wall side of the housing 8, and the light source unit 3 is the shooting unit 4. The rotation angle of the rotating cylinder 10 is adjusted by the light source moving unit 71 so as to be located on the inner side.
　このように、本実施形態によれば、撮影位置が撮影範囲の端部またはその近傍であるときに、光源部３が撮影部４と筐体８の側壁との間に挟まれて光源部３が筐体８の側壁と干渉することがないように撮影部４に対する光源部３の位置が調整されるので、撮影部４を筐体８の側壁により近い位置まで移動させることが可能となる。これにより、撮影部４による撮影範囲に対して可動台５０１の移動スペースを最小限に抑え、筐体８を水平方向に小型化することができるという利点がある。特に本実施形態においては、ステージ２の水平方向の寸法を撮影範囲と略同等に抑えることができる。また、光源部３および撮影部４の両方をステージ２の下方に配置することによって、装置全体を高さ方向に小型化することができるという利点がある。 As described above, according to the present embodiment, when the photographing position is at or near the end of the photographing range, the light source unit 3 is sandwiched between the photographing unit 4 and the side wall of the housing 8 to thereby provide the light source unit 3. Since the position of the light source unit 3 with respect to the image capturing unit 4 is adjusted so as not to interfere with the side wall of the housing 8, the image capturing unit 4 can be moved to a position closer to the side wall of the housing 8. Thereby, there is an advantage that the moving space of the movable base 501 can be minimized with respect to the photographing range by the photographing unit 4 and the housing 8 can be downsized in the horizontal direction. In particular, in the present embodiment, the horizontal dimension of the stage 2 can be suppressed substantially equal to the shooting range. Further, by disposing both the light source unit 3 and the photographing unit 4 below the stage 2, there is an advantage that the entire apparatus can be downsized in the height direction.
　さらに、撮影部４に対する光源部３の位置を変更するときに、撮影部４は回転しないので試料Ａに対する撮影部４の向きは不変である。したがって、第１の実施形態とは異なり、撮影部４に対する光源部３の位置の変更に伴って画像内で像が回転することがなく、全ての撮影位置において試料Ａの像の向きが同一である画像を取得することができるという利点がある。 Furthermore, when the position of the light source unit 3 with respect to the imaging unit 4 is changed, the imaging unit 4 does not rotate, so the orientation of the imaging unit 4 with respect to the sample A is unchanged. Therefore, unlike the first embodiment, the image does not rotate in the image with the change of the position of the light source unit 3 with respect to the imaging unit 4, and the orientation of the image of the sample A is the same at all imaging positions. There is an advantage that a certain image can be acquired.
　撮像素子４２は、短辺と、該短辺よりも長い長辺を有する長方形の撮像面４２ａを有する２次元撮像素子である。本実施形態においては、図７に示されるように、光源部３が撮像素子４２の撮像面４２ａの長辺の略中央と該長辺に垂直な方向に並ぶ位置に配されるように、光源移動部７が光源部３を回転移動させることが好ましい。この場合、光源移動部７は、回転筒１０を１８０°単位で回転移動させて、撮像素子４２を短辺方向に挟む２つの位置の間で光源部３を移動させる。 The imaging element 42 is a two-dimensional imaging element having a rectangular imaging surface 42a having a short side and a long side longer than the short side. In the present embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the light source unit 3 is disposed at a position where the light source unit 3 is arranged in a position substantially aligned with the substantially center of the long side of the image pickup surface 42 a of the image pickup device 42 and the long side. It is preferable that the moving unit 7 rotationally moves the light source unit 3. In this case, the light source moving unit 7 rotates the rotary cylinder 10 in units of 180 ° to move the light source unit 3 between two positions sandwiching the imaging element 42 in the short side direction.
　試料Ａへの光の入射角が対物レンズ４１の光の取り込み角よりも大きくなると、対物レンズ４１内を撮像素子４２まで透過する光の比率が低下し、画像が暗くなる。図８に示されるように、撮像面４２ａ内で光源部３から遠い位置ほど、試料Ａの入射角が大きい光が到達するため、画像において暗くなる。 When the incident angle of the light to the sample A is larger than the light taking-in angle of the objective lens 41, the ratio of the light transmitted through the objective lens 41 to the image sensor 42 is reduced, and the image becomes dark. As shown in FIG. 8, the farther from the light source unit 3 in the imaging surface 42 a, the light having a larger incident angle of the sample A arrives, so the image becomes darker.
　試料Ａが接着している底板１ｂは、撮像面４２ａと光学的に共役な位置にあり、試料Ａの撮影範囲も撮像面４２ａ同様の向きの長方形である。光源部３を撮像面４２ａの長辺に沿う方向において長辺の略中央に配置することによって、試料Ａの光源部３から近い位置と遠い位置との差が小さくなり、試料Ａへの光の入射角の差が小さくなる。したがって、画像に生じる明るさの差を低減することができるという利点がある。 The bottom plate 1b to which the sample A is bonded is in an optically conjugate position with the imaging surface 42a, and the imaging range of the sample A is a rectangle with the same orientation as the imaging surface 42a. By disposing the light source unit 3 at substantially the center of the long side in the direction along the long side of the imaging surface 42a, the difference between the position near and far from the light source unit 3 of the sample A is reduced, and the light to the sample A is transmitted. The difference in incident angle is reduced. Therefore, there is an advantage that the difference in brightness generated in the image can be reduced.
　第１および第２の実施形態においては、光源部３１が、図９に示されるように、光源本体３ａから発せられた照明光を収斂するレンズ３ｂと、該レンズ３ｂによって収斂された照明光を拡散させる拡散板３ｃとをさらに備えていてもよい。
　本変形例によれば、光源本体３ａから発散光束として発せられる照明光を収斂させることによって、照明効率を向上し、画像の明るさを向上することができる。また、拡散板３ｃによって照明光を拡散させることにより、照明光の明るさを均一化し、明るさムラが低減された画像を得ることができる。 In the first and second embodiments, as shown in FIG. 9, the light source unit 31 converges the illumination light emitted from the light source body 3a and the illumination light converged by the lens 3b. A diffusion plate 3c for diffusing may be further provided.
According to this modification, the illumination efficiency can be improved and the brightness of the image can be improved by converging the illumination light emitted as a divergent light beam from the light source body 3a. Further, by diffusing the illumination light by the diffusion plate 3c, it is possible to obtain an image in which the brightness of the illumination light is made uniform and the brightness unevenness is reduced.
　第１および第２の実施形態においては、図１０に示されるように、照明光を反射する反射部１２がステージ２の上方に設けられていてもよい。
　反射部１２は、容器１の上板１ａよりも上方に配置され、上板１ａを透過した照明光を下方へ反射する。 In the first and second embodiments, as shown in FIG. 10, a reflection unit 12 that reflects illumination light may be provided above the stage 2.
The reflection part 12 is arrange | positioned upwards rather than the upper board 1a of the container 1, and reflects the illumination light which permeate | transmitted the upper board 1a below.
　本変形例によれば、反射部１２の反射面に上板１ａより反射率の高い材質を用いることによって、照明効率を向上することができる。また、上板１ａの試料Ａに対する高さは容器１の種類によって異なるが、反射部１２を配置することで、試料Ａに対する高さを一定にすることができる。したがって、どのような種類の容器１を使用した場合にも、光源部３、反射部１２、試料Ａ、および対物レンズ４１の間の相対距離は同一となり、試料Ａへの入射角等の照明特性を安定させることができる。 According to this modification, the illumination efficiency can be improved by using a material having a higher reflectance than the upper plate 1a for the reflecting surface of the reflecting portion 12. Moreover, although the height with respect to the sample A of the upper plate 1a changes with kinds of the container 1, the height with respect to the sample A can be made constant by arrange | positioning the reflection part 12. FIG. Therefore, no matter what kind of container 1 is used, the relative distance between the light source unit 3, the reflection unit 12, the sample A, and the objective lens 41 is the same, and the illumination characteristics such as the incident angle to the sample A are the same. Can be stabilized.
１００，２００　観察装置
１　容器
２　ステージ
３　光源部
３ａ　光源本体
３ｂ　レンズ
３ｃ　拡散板
４　撮影部
４２　撮像素子
４２ａ　撮像面
５　可動台（保持部）
５３　回転軸
５０１　可動台（第１の保持部）
６　撮影位置移動部
７，７１　光源移動部
１０　回転筒（第２の保持部）
１２　反射部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100,200 Observation apparatus 1 Container 2 Stage 3 Light source part 3a Light source body 3b Lens 3c Diffusion plate 4 Imaging part 42 Imaging element 42a Imaging surface 5 Movable stand (holding part)
53 Rotating shaft 501 Movable stand (first holding part)
6 Shooting position moving unit 7, 71 Light source moving unit 10 Rotating cylinder (second holding unit)
12 Reflector

Claims (6)

  1. 　試料を支持するステージと、
    　該ステージによって支持された前記試料の下方に配置され、該試料を照明する照明光を上方へ向けて射出する光源部と、
    　前記ステージによって支持された前記試料の下方に配置され、該試料を撮影する撮影部と、
    　前記光源部および前記撮影部を水平方向に移動させて前記撮影部による撮影位置を所定の撮影範囲内で変更する撮影位置移動部と、
    　前記所定の撮影範囲内の前記撮影位置に応じて前記撮影部に対する前記光源部の位置を変更する光源移動部とを備える観察装置。     A stage for supporting the sample;
    A light source unit disposed below the sample supported by the stage and emitting upward illumination light for illuminating the sample;
    An imaging unit that is arranged below the sample supported by the stage and images the sample;
    A shooting position moving unit that moves the light source unit and the shooting unit in a horizontal direction to change a shooting position of the shooting unit within a predetermined shooting range;
    An observation apparatus comprising: a light source moving unit that changes a position of the light source unit with respect to the imaging unit in accordance with the imaging position within the predetermined imaging range.
  2. 　前記光源部および前記撮影部を保持し、前記水平方向に並進移動可能かつ鉛直方向の回転軸回りに回転可能な保持部を備え、
    　前記撮影位置移動部は、前記保持部を前記水平方向に並進移動させ、
    　前記光源移動部は、前記保持部を前記回転軸回りに回転させる請求項１に記載の観察装置。     Holding the light source unit and the photographing unit, comprising a holding unit that can translate in the horizontal direction and rotate around a vertical rotation axis;
    The photographing position moving unit translates the holding unit in the horizontal direction,
    The observation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the light source moving unit rotates the holding unit around the rotation axis.
  3. 　前記撮影部を保持し、前記水平方向に並進移動可能な第１の保持部と、
    　前記光源部を保持し、前記撮影部の周囲を鉛直方向の回転軸回りに回転可能な第２の保持部とを備え、
    　前記撮影位置移動部が、前記第１の保持部を前記水平方向に並進移動させ、
    　前記光源移動部が、前記第２の保持部を前記回転軸回りに回転させる請求項１に記載の観察装置。     A first holding unit that holds the photographing unit and is capable of translational movement in the horizontal direction;
    A second holding unit that holds the light source unit and is rotatable around a rotation axis in a vertical direction around the photographing unit;
    The imaging position moving unit translates the first holding unit in the horizontal direction;
    The observation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the light source moving unit rotates the second holding unit around the rotation axis.
  4. 　前記撮影部が、短辺および該短辺よりも長い長辺を有する長方形の撮像面を有する２次元撮像素子を備え、
    　前記光源移動部は、前記撮像面の前記長辺の略中央と前記長辺に垂直な方向に並ぶ位置に前記光源部を移動させる請求項３に記載の観察装置。     The imaging unit includes a two-dimensional imaging device having a rectangular imaging surface having a short side and a long side longer than the short side,
    The observation device according to claim 3, wherein the light source moving unit moves the light source unit to a position aligned in a direction perpendicular to the approximate center of the long side and the long side of the imaging surface.
  5. 　前記光源部が、前記照明光を発する光源本体と、該光源本体から発せられた照明光を収斂するレンズと、該レンズによって収斂された照明光を拡散させる拡散板とを備える請求項１から請求項４のいずれかに記載の観察装置。 The said light source part is provided with the light source main body which emits the said illumination light, the lens which converges the illumination light emitted from this light source main body, and the diffuser plate which diffuses the illumination light converged by this lens. Item 5. The observation device according to any one of Items 4 to 6.
  6. 　前記ステージの上方に配置され、前記光源部から射出された前記照明光を下方へ向かって反射する反射部を備える請求項１から請求項５のいずれかに記載の観察装置。 The observation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a reflection unit that is disposed above the stage and reflects the illumination light emitted from the light source unit downward.
PCT/JP2016/077572 2016-09-16 2016-09-16 Observation apparatus WO2018051515A1 (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004361485A (en) * 2003-06-02 2004-12-24 Nikon Corp Microscope device
JP2010257585A (en) * 2009-04-21 2010-11-11 Nikon Corp Lighting system and optical device equipped with this lighting system
WO2011132586A1 (en) * 2010-04-23 2011-10-27 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 Cell observation device and cell observation method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004361485A (en) * 2003-06-02 2004-12-24 Nikon Corp Microscope device
JP2010257585A (en) * 2009-04-21 2010-11-11 Nikon Corp Lighting system and optical device equipped with this lighting system
WO2011132586A1 (en) * 2010-04-23 2011-10-27 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 Cell observation device and cell observation method

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