WO2018051152A1 - System and device for de-icing trailer-tops and aircraft-wings - Google Patents
System and device for de-icing trailer-tops and aircraft-wings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018051152A1 WO2018051152A1 PCT/IB2016/001292 IB2016001292W WO2018051152A1 WO 2018051152 A1 WO2018051152 A1 WO 2018051152A1 IB 2016001292 W IB2016001292 W IB 2016001292W WO 2018051152 A1 WO2018051152 A1 WO 2018051152A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heating structure
- laminar
- aircraft
- laminar heating
- wings
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D15/00—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft
- B64D15/12—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft by electric heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
- H05B2214/02—Heaters specially designed for de-icing or protection against icing
Definitions
- the present Invention relates to de-icing surfaces of mobile units, operated under winterly conditions or at great altitudes.
- Aircraft wings are prone to be covered by layers of ice, when changing temperatures at different altitudes first condense humidity on the wings and consequently freeze it at low temperatures.
- a thicker pack of ice which may be accumulated in a few minutes, can be detrimental to the aerodynamic properties of the wings and add considerable weight to the airplane, thus provoking fall from heights or even a crash of the plane.
- the first one results from high quality demand with carbon fiber production, where high rates of discard are normal.
- glassfiber parts may be milled and used as aggregates in injection molding, carbon fiber parts are less suitable therefore and a better kind of reuse is required.
- Woven structures have improved these problems, particularly with carbon fibers building the weft and non-conducting filaments like aramid fibres forming the shoot.
- a second object of the invention is the recycling of carbon fiber strands and parts.
- the inventive step results from a series of experiments to find out best materials and methods of weaving a heating fabric.
- a solution was found in a mat of irregularly orientated carbon fibres, encased by two electrodes and laminated between two linings, wherein the lateral electrical resistance should not vary at different length. This can be achieved by varying the density of the layup in compensation of possible differences in width between the electrodes.
- An irregular mat of fibers (1) is laminated between two linings (2 and 3), encased by two strip electrodes (4 and 5), which are connected to two poles of a source of electric tension, which results in an electrical current (6) running between the electrodes (4, 5) through the felt of carbon fibers (1), thus heating it and consequently heating the the surface of the trailer roof or aircraft wing.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Trailer-tops and aircraft are overlaid with carbon fiber chops in a felt-like structure, encased by electrodes at a constant distance or according to the density of carbon fiber layup.
Description
System and Device for De-Icing Trailer-Tops and Aircraft Wings
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present Invention relates to de-icing surfaces of mobile units, operated under winterly conditions or at great altitudes.
More closely it relates to aircraft wings, where covering ice dangerously accumulates weight and deteriorates aerodynamical properties, as well as to trailer tops, where accumulating snow ad ice tends to break off in dangerous chunks at higher temperatures, when driving.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION /PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED
On trailer tops, exposed to snowfall and changing temperatures the build-up of ice layers usually is inevitable. These however are dangerous for the surrounding traffic and passengers if they come off in bigger chunks when lifted off by motion of the trucks or by partly melting.
Aircraft wings are prone to be covered by layers of ice, when changing temperatures at different altitudes first condense humidity on the wings and consequently freeze it at low temperatures. A thicker pack of ice, which may be accumulated in a few minutes, can be detrimental to the aerodynamic properties of the wings and add considerable weight to the airplane, thus provoking fall from heights or even a crash of the plane.
Another problem to be solved comes with residues from carbon filament production and recycling of carbon-epoxy structures.
The first one results from high quality demand with carbon fiber production, where high rates of discard are normal.
The recycling of structures with carbon fibers and resin matrices is a growing problem, due to the rising demand for lightweight parts in autobody and aerospace constructions - hitherto restricted to experimental and one-off-constructions, but in rising demand and application in consumer series.
Whereas glassfiber parts may be milled and used as aggregates in injection molding, carbon fiber parts are less suitable therefore and a better kind of reuse is required.
PRIOR ART
There are quite a few attempts for heating such surfaces or for breaking off layers of ice in small portions or blast it off, as long as there have not been big build-ups.
Mostly these have been attempted by integrating heating wires into the surfaces, like those of Tungsten filaments, which were electrically activated to generate heat due to its electrical resistance.
The drawbacks of these use to be their problematic insertion into other materials, which might become prone to brittle and break under thermal stress along to the heating wires.
Woven structures have improved these problems, particularly with carbon fibers building the weft and non-conducting filaments like aramid fibres forming the shoot.
However, the high resistance to mechanical loads are not achieved in these structures as usual, since matrix materials, like epoxy raisins, do not have the same bridging properties when exposed to changing temperatures at interfacial bonding.
Moreover, these textures tend to be quite expensive due to application of threaded carbon filaments.
TASK OF THE iNVENTion
It is therefore the object of the here disclosed invention to build a heating layer for de-icing on conventional materials, charged preferably between two single strip electric conductors.
A second object of the invention is the recycling of carbon fiber strands and parts.
INVENTIVE STEP
The inventive step results from a series of experiments to find out best materials and methods of weaving a heating fabric.
When re-assessing a defective sample with quite a few cracks in its structure, it was found, that there was no relevant impact of those defects. Consequently more basic materials had been assessed. Thus the idea was born, to just apply a felt structure of residual carbon fibers , or fibers chopped from defective strands - to form a mat, similar to glassfiber mats used for simple layup-process with polyester resins - only without matrix, but laminated between two linings.
SOLUTION
A solution was found in a mat of irregularly orientated carbon fibres, encased by two electrodes and laminated between two linings, wherein the lateral electrical resistance should not vary at different length. This can be achieved by varying the density of the layup in compensation of possible differences in width between the electrodes.
In another embodiment of this invention, only a paste or compound of different glues was applied to mix the carbon fiber parts therein and apply it to wallpapers, edged by conducting leads to allow applications for heating surfaces.
DESCRIPTION ALONG TO THE DRAWING FIG. 1 :
An irregular mat of fibers (1) is laminated between two linings (2 and 3), encased by two strip electrodes (4 and 5), which are connected to two poles of a source of electric tension, which results in an electrical current (6) running between the electrodes (4, 5) through the felt of carbon fibers (1), thus heating it and consequently heating the the surface of the trailer roof or aircraft wing.
This either impedes the build-up of ice from the beginning, or provokes lift-off of accumulated ice due to loosening the cohesion to the surfaces.
Claims
1. A laminar heating structure comprising a layer (1) of irregularly orientated carbon fibers, encased by at least two electrodes (4 and 5).
2. A laminar heating structure as to claim 1 , wherein the heating structure is achieved by applying a pasteous mix of carbon fibers and fillers.
3. A laminar heating structure as to claim 1 , wherein the carbon fibers are made from chopped carbon strands, possibly waste materials, or even from milled waste carbon-resin strands or panels.
4. A laminar heating structure as to claim 1 , wherein the heating layer (1) is enclosed by at least two linings (1 , 2).
5. A laminar heating structure as to claim 1 , that is laminated on, into or under the skin of aircraft-wings or fuselage or the roof of trucks and trailers.
6. A laminar heating structure as to claim 1 , laminated between two tarpaulins.
7. A laminar heating structure as to claim 1 , integrated into multi-layer wallpapers.
8. A laminar heating structure as to claim 1 , applied as a compound on a electrically non- conductive surface between two electrodes
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2016/001292 WO2018051152A1 (en) | 2016-09-14 | 2016-09-14 | System and device for de-icing trailer-tops and aircraft-wings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2016/001292 WO2018051152A1 (en) | 2016-09-14 | 2016-09-14 | System and device for de-icing trailer-tops and aircraft-wings |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2018051152A1 true WO2018051152A1 (en) | 2018-03-22 |
Family
ID=57200047
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2016/001292 WO2018051152A1 (en) | 2016-09-14 | 2016-09-14 | System and device for de-icing trailer-tops and aircraft-wings |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2018051152A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995015670A1 (en) * | 1993-11-30 | 1995-06-08 | Alliedsignal Inc. | An electrically conductive composite heater and method of manufacture |
| DE102006019527A1 (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-10-31 | Heinrich Schürmann | Planar electrical resistance heating for defrosting diagonal or flat roof of ice, has heating layer or heating circuit supplied parallel to each other at side edge of two opposite, parallel running current supplying electrode |
| DE102013000529A1 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2013-07-25 | W.E.T.Automotive Systems Ltd. | Felt heater and method of manufacture |
| DE102012108331A1 (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2014-03-13 | Kögel Trailer GmbH & Co. KG | Structure of commercial vehicle e.g. semi-trailer, has roof snow and ice removing device with sheet-like heating element that is mounted on roof element and is covered with protective element |
| EP2955975A1 (en) * | 2014-06-14 | 2015-12-16 | Karl Meyer AG | Surface heating element |
-
2016
- 2016-09-14 WO PCT/IB2016/001292 patent/WO2018051152A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995015670A1 (en) * | 1993-11-30 | 1995-06-08 | Alliedsignal Inc. | An electrically conductive composite heater and method of manufacture |
| DE102006019527A1 (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-10-31 | Heinrich Schürmann | Planar electrical resistance heating for defrosting diagonal or flat roof of ice, has heating layer or heating circuit supplied parallel to each other at side edge of two opposite, parallel running current supplying electrode |
| DE102013000529A1 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2013-07-25 | W.E.T.Automotive Systems Ltd. | Felt heater and method of manufacture |
| DE102012108331A1 (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2014-03-13 | Kögel Trailer GmbH & Co. KG | Structure of commercial vehicle e.g. semi-trailer, has roof snow and ice removing device with sheet-like heating element that is mounted on roof element and is covered with protective element |
| EP2955975A1 (en) * | 2014-06-14 | 2015-12-16 | Karl Meyer AG | Surface heating element |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP2523855B1 (en) | Article with de-icing/anti-icing function | |
| Prashanth et al. | Fiber reinforced composites-a review | |
| US10155593B2 (en) | Anti-icing, de-icing, and heating configuration, integration, and power methods for aircraft, aerodynamic, and complex surfaces | |
| DK2607075T3 (en) | Sandwich laminate and method of manufacture | |
| US10343372B2 (en) | Composite article having multifunctional properties and method for its manufacture | |
| CN102803406B (en) | Prevent substrate by the method for being struck by lightning | |
| US20130043342A1 (en) | Multifunctional de-icing/anti-icing system | |
| CN103842168A (en) | Molybdenum Composite Hybrid Laminates and Methods | |
| US11618574B2 (en) | Heatable leading-edge apparatus, leading-edge heating system and aircraft comprising them | |
| KR20100075429A (en) | Surface heating system | |
| JP2015518069A (en) | Materials with improved conductivity for the manufacture of composite parts combined with resins | |
| CA3040698A1 (en) | Structural component for an aircraft | |
| CN102883955A (en) | Dielectric component with electrical connection | |
| WO2007136260A1 (en) | Heated aerodynamic profile for composite structures | |
| US11472569B2 (en) | Aircraft electrical isolation component and method of manufacturing electrical isolation component | |
| WO2018051152A1 (en) | System and device for de-icing trailer-tops and aircraft-wings | |
| RU2263581C2 (en) | Multilayer lightning-protection coating | |
| EP2950085A1 (en) | Improved structural health monitoring | |
| EP3339178A1 (en) | Electrical conductive resin matrix for cnt heater | |
| US20140290977A1 (en) | Semi-finished product in the form of a conductive strip that can be embedded in a composite material, and method for manufacturing such a strip | |
| RU2565184C1 (en) | Multilayer electroconductive coating based on thermoresistant binding agent | |
| Kanhere et al. | Carbon and glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic matrix composites | |
| JP3971632B2 (en) | Carbon fiber reinforced resin sheet and manufacturing method thereof | |
| KR20170128038A (en) | Heating elements for runway with conductive silicon | |
| Mathivanan et al. | FABRICATION AND TESTING OF 13 LAYER GLASS FIBER LAMINATES FOR APPLICATION IN ELECTRICAL JUNCTION BOXES AND ENCLOSURES |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 16785556 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 16785556 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |