WO2018050941A1 - Procédé et installation pilote à couches multiples pour le fractionnement de biomasse - Google Patents

Procédé et installation pilote à couches multiples pour le fractionnement de biomasse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018050941A1
WO2018050941A1 PCT/ES2017/070611 ES2017070611W WO2018050941A1 WO 2018050941 A1 WO2018050941 A1 WO 2018050941A1 ES 2017070611 W ES2017070611 W ES 2017070611W WO 2018050941 A1 WO2018050941 A1 WO 2018050941A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reactors
liquid fluid
biomass
pilot plant
reactor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2017/070611
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Gianluca GALLINA
Juan GARCÍA SERNA
Original Assignee
Universidad De Valladolid
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universidad De Valladolid filed Critical Universidad De Valladolid
Publication of WO2018050941A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018050941A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08H8/00—Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a multilevel pilot process and plant for fractionation of biomass, where soluble compounds of the residual and non-residual biomass are continuously extracted and fractionated, using water as a solvent. or water with a low concentration of acid or base; or other fluids.
  • the plant of the invention allows ease and speed in operation by rapid exchange of the exhausted solid without stopping the process. It also allows rapid operation through a series process without disassembling some reactors from the pilot plant at the end of the experiments. It is also emphasized that the plant of the invention allows to operate with different types of biomass, without limitations due to the size of the biomass particles, also allowing the exhausted solid to be collected entirely. Finally, it is emphasized that the innovations of the invention manage to greatly reduce the time of the extraction process and also manage to eliminate downtimes.
  • lignocellulosic materials belong to second generation raw materials, and can be obtained from various sources, such as wood waste, agricultural or municipal waste; that do not interfere with crops for direct human consumption. They consist mainly of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose, associated in a resistant structure, whose rupture requires a considerable amount of energy. However, thanks to their differentiated composition, they allow to obtain fuels and multiple high-value chemicals.
  • hydrothermal hydrolysis A promising, clean and cheap way to depolymerize hemicellulose in monosaccharides is the process called hydrothermal hydrolysis, which simply consists of treating the biomass with water with different temperatures, or with water with a low acid concentration.
  • Patent with publication number WO 2015009986 A2 describes a method for obtaining hemicellulose using water or water with acid, through a flow reactor.
  • Patent No. Publication WO 201 1091044 A1 describes a process for extracting cellulose and hemicellulose from biomass, with subcritical and supercritical water, through a continuous reactor fed with a suspension of water and biomass.
  • the patent with publication number US 6228177 B1 describes a series system, for the extraction of lignocellulosic material, in which the reactors are cooled by immersion in cold water.
  • the invention proposes a multi-pilot pilot plant for biomass fractionation which aims to continuously extract and fractionate bioproducts such as polyphenols, betaglucans, caffeine and biopolymers such as hemicellulose, from residual and non-residual lignocellulosic biomass from different sources.
  • Vegetable biomass contains many interesting products. Some of these, such as the polyphenols contained in the seeds and skins of grapes, the beta-glucans contained in oats, barley and mushrooms, and especially hemicellulose, an essential component of plants, and that appear in all products of plant origin, can be extracted only with water with different temperatures.
  • the first two compounds mentioned are of great importance in human health and well-being: polyphenols are compounds with antioxidant capacity that have aroused great interest in health and in the prevention of diseases associated with an increase in cellular oxidation processes (cancer , cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases); betaglucans improve blood glucose control, as well as lipid levels such as cholesterol or triglycerides.
  • Hemicellulose when isolated from biomass in molecular masses above 3-5 kDa, has unique properties. It can be used to produce films for packaging applications instead of synthetic plastics, it works as barriers against oxygen penetration; Another important application is the production of aerogels to isolate food products.
  • Xylose from hemicellulose can be converted into furfural, which is a precursor used in different fields, such as petroleum refining, plastics, pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
  • furfural is a precursor used in different fields, such as petroleum refining, plastics, pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
  • Xylose can also be hydrogenated or enzymatically transformed into xylitol, which is a sweetening agent and is also used for the prevention of tooth decay.
  • First generation products are manufactured from edible biomass such as starch-rich or oily plants; second generation products use biomass that It consists of the residual inedible parts of current crops or other non-food sources, such as perennial herbs or algae. These are widely recognized as having significantly greater potential to replace fossil products (King, 2010).
  • Lignocellulosic materials belong to second-generation raw materials, and can be obtained from various sources, such as wood waste, agricultural or municipal waste, which do not interfere with crops for direct human consumption. They consist mainly of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose, associated in a resistant structure, whose rupture requires a considerable amount of energy; However, thanks to their differentiated composition, they allow to obtain fuels and multiple high-value chemicals.
  • Lignocellulosic biomass can be divided into cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, from which sugars, fuels, materials and chemicals can be produced. Energy can be produced from processing waste.
  • the plant of the invention offers great improvements in the extraction of hemicellulose, an integral part of the biorefinery process.
  • the plant of the invention includes numerous innovations for the extraction of bioproducts from biomass, and allows:
  • the multi-strand pilot plant is applicable to the soluble coffee processing industries; however, in these industries the vacuum extractor is simply used, since tubular structures that include said industries are large enough to dislodge the exhausted solid. On the other hand, at the pilot plant level the solid material gets stuck and creates serious problems to make a continuous extraction operation possible.
  • the plant of the invention is able to load the biomass into cartridges that are inserted hot in each reactor, so that a series of valves manage to isolate the beds so that the exhausted biomass can be exchanged without stopping the fractionation and extraction process achieved in the plant of the invention.
  • the multi-strand pilot plant of the invention comprises reactors interconnected with each other by a pipe circuit through which a liquid fluid flows driven by at least one motorcycle pump; where the reactors include biomass container cartridges, a liquid fluid inlet that runs through the biomass contained within the cartridges and a liquid fluid outlet that contains various substances extracted from the biomass housed inside the cartridges.
  • the pilot plant of the invention further comprises reactors in vertical arrangement that have the liquid fluid inlet above the cartridge, and the liquid fluid outlet is located in a lower part of the reactors.
  • At the lower ends of the reactors connect opening and closing devices of said reactors located below the cartridges; where the cartridges are introduced into the reactors and are removed from the interior of said reactors through the opening and closing devices when they are placed in an open position.
  • the piping circuit comprises a part of the flow through which the liquid fluid directed towards the liquid fluid inlets flows into the reactors, and some return parts through which the liquid fluid flows when it leaves the reactors; where in said parts of the piping circuit, valves are inserted that allow the isolation of the reactors for the exchange of cartridges without stopping the operation of the pilot plant.
  • Each of the outlets of the pipeline circuit includes a first three-way valve and a second two-way valve interspersed in a branch that starts from the inlet to the reactor.
  • Each of the return parts of the pipeline circuit includes at least a first two-way valve.
  • An outlet of the first three-way valve connects to a section of pipe that feeds the reactor; while another outlet of the first three-way valve feeds an intermediate section that connects with another first three-way valve interspersed in another one-way part of the pipeline circuit.
  • the first two-way valve is interspersed in a pipe section that starts from the reactor outlet and connects to said intermediate section.
  • the plant of the invention includes a two-position needle valve interspersed in an end section of pipe that connects to the pipe section of the reactor outlet and with a heat exchanger that connects to a second three-way valve that has a outlet that connects with a first tube to take samples of the liquid fluid, and a second outlet that connects with a second tube.
  • An initial section of the pipe circuit includes initial heat exchangers in combination with a main heater located after said initial heat exchangers.
  • the multileight pilot plant comprises a back pressure valve to regulate the pressure inside the reactors; wherein said backpressure valve is located in an initial branch of the first part of the pipeline circuit.
  • the return part of a last reactor corresponding to the liquid fluid outlet of said last reactor connects with a feedback bypass leading to an initial area of the first part of the pipe circuit.
  • Each of the reactors has an additional upper outlet where it connects a pipe bypass that flows into a container; where in said pipe bypass a third two-way valve is inserted.
  • each of the reactors opening and closing devices comprises a ball valve.
  • the pilot plant comprises parachute devices fixed to the opening and closing devices located at the lower ends of the reactors; where sayings Parachute devices dampen the fall of the cartridges when removed from inside the reactors.
  • the reactors are homogeneously coated by wrapping resistors to heat said reactors and maintain the temperature.
  • Each of the reactors of the plant comprises:
  • an inner tubular housing having a perforated lower base and an open upper base; where the tubular mesh is located within said inner tubular housing.
  • the tubular mesh comprises two removable half parts that are coupled to each other through two opposite generatrices that follow a broken path.
  • the inner tubular housing comprises two separate parts: a first part that includes the perforated lower base, and a second part that includes a narrowing where the open upper base is located.
  • the outer tubular casing of each reactor comprises a main body and a cover that closes the main body at its upper end, while its lower end connects to the opening and closing device; where the cover includes a liquid fluid inlet into the reactor; and where the main body includes a liquid fluid outlet and the additional outlet that connects to the pipe bypass that drains part of the liquid fluid into the container.
  • the tubular mesh, lower tubular casing and outer tubular casing have a cylindrical configuration and consist of a metallic material.
  • Each heat exchanger located in the return part of the pipe circuit comprises two concentric tubes: exterior and interior; where the liquid fluid contained in the reactor is cooled from the inner tube, cooled by water flowing through the outer tube.
  • Each of the parachute devices comprises a front plate that hangs at least two suspension elements connected to a part of the opening and closing device; wherein said faceplate is located below the opening and closing device to receive the cartridge when said opening and closing device is opened.
  • the pilot plant comprises a first moto-pump that is used at the beginning of the process to fill the reactors before the pipeline circuit is opened to carry out the continuous extraction and fractionation process of the soluble compounds of the residual biomass and not residual Said first moto-pump is fed by a clean liquid fluid or not, contained within a first tank.
  • the pilot plant also comprises a second motorcycle pump that drives the liquid fluid through the pipeline circuit to carry out the continuous extraction and fractionation process of the soluble compounds of the residual and non-residual biomass.
  • Said second motor-pump is fed by a liquid fluid contained within a second reservoir.
  • the process comprises an additional phase in which the liquid fluid extracted from the last reactor is returned to the initial part of the pipeline circuit.
  • Figure 1 Shows a view of the multileight pilot plant for biomass fractionation, object of the invention. It comprises a set of reactors in combination with other elements to carry out the extraction and continuous fractionation of soluble compounds. The process for carrying out the fractionation of biomass is also an object of the invention.
  • Figure 2. Shows a view of a part of the plant of the invention.
  • Figure 3. Shows an exploded view of one of the reactors together with a ball valve, which is part of the plant of the invention.
  • Figure 4.- Shows a sectional view of the reactor.
  • Figure 5. Shows a plan view of one of the reactor parts.
  • the multileight pilot plant for biomass fractionation comprises several reactors 1 in vertical arrangement interconnected with each other by means of one-way parts through which a liquid fluid runs towards some liquid fluid inlets of the reactors 1, and return parts through which the liquid fluid flows when it leaves the reactors 1; where each of the reactors works in series with the others, with the possibility of being able to exclude one reactor 1 from the others; and where said return and return parts are part of a pipe circuit through which liquid fluid flows.
  • Each of the reactors 1 comprises:
  • tubular metal mesh 2 formed by two removable half parts 2a, 2b that are coupled to each other through two opposite generatrices that follow a broken path; where said tubular mesh 2 is filled with biomass.
  • an inner tubular housing 3 made of stainless steel with a perforated bottom base 4 and a upper base open 5; wherein within said inner tubular housing 3 the tubular mesh 2 is located; and wherein said inner tubular housing 3 comprises two separate parts: a first part 3a that includes the perforated lower base 4 and a second part 3b that includes a narrowing 6 where the open upper base 5 is located.
  • Said outer tubular casing 7 comprises a main body 7a and a cover 7b which closes the main body 7a by its upper end, while its lower end connects with a ball valve 9.
  • the tubular mesh 2, lower tubular housing 3 and outer tubular housing 7 have a cylindrical configuration.
  • the cartridge assembly is inserted from below into the outer tubular casing 7 through the ball valve 9 when it is in the open position until it is fully inserted into said outer tubular casing 7.
  • the ball valve 9 closes and when the extraction is finished by passing a liquid fluid through the interior of the reactor 1, the ball valve 9 is opened by dropping down the gravity of the cartridge that is drawn outwards. , so that the outlet of the cartridge is damped by a parachute device 10 located in the outlet area of the ball valve 9.
  • a constant flow of water enters through an inlet opening 1 1 located at the top of each reactor 1 making a downward path through the interior of said reactor 1 until it exits through an outlet port 12 located at the bottom of the reactor 1; where the inlet 11 is located in the cover 7b of the outer tubular casing 7 and the outlet 12 is located in a lower part of the main body 7a of said outer tubular casing 7.
  • the liquid outflow can go to the next reactor 1, or it can be diverted in order to exclude the next reactor 1, and move on to the next reactor 1.
  • the biomass can be discharged (through the opening of the ball valve 9 and the rapid removal of the cartridge ) of the reactor 1 in which the extraction process is completed, and another reactor 1 can be loaded with another cartridge, then divert in that reactor 1 the liquid flow to continue with the extraction process.
  • the plant of the invention allows operation Fast and continuous without stops.
  • Another important feature of the plant of the invention is the adjustment of water temperature and energy control. To do this, before entering the reactors 1, the water passes through a main heater 13 formed by a spiral coil wound around a solid metal body; where said spiral coil is covered by an electric clamp resistor.
  • the water then enters the reactors 1, which are homogeneously coated with clamp wraps 14. After leaving the reactor 1, the liquid fluid enters a heat exchanger 15 of concentric tubes. On the outside, the water supply of the plant flows, which is previously heated through initial heat exchangers 16 and then passes to the main heater 13 described above. The entire system is thermally insulated with a layer of glass wool covered with aluminum foil. The total heat savings is 85% and the cooling savings are close to 100%.
  • Each reactor 1 can be emptied of the pressurized hot liquid fluid before removing the cartridge constituted by the tubular mesh 2 and inner tubular casing 3. Between each pair of adjacent reactors 1 is located the heat exchanger 15 with concentric tubes: outer and inner; where the liquid contained in the reactor 1, cooled by water flowing through the outer tube, is discharged from the inner tube. These heat exchangers 15 also allow the sampling of liquid from each reactor during the reaction of the liquid fluid with the biomass.
  • the plant also includes safety valves in each reactor 1 that avoid any overpressure. Also included is a thermostat that prevents overheating of the solid metal body of the main heater 13.
  • the liquid contained in the reactor 1 is discharged from the inner tube after the extraction operation, and cold water flows through the outer tube which then feeds the plant of the invention.
  • the biomass is introduced into the tubular mesh 2, which can be opened longitudinally, and inserted between the two parts 3a, 3b of the inner tubular casing 3.
  • the first part 3a is open at the upper end and at the lower end it has the perforated lower base 4 with holes with a diameter between 5 mm and 0.5 mm.
  • the assembly of the tubular mesh 2 and the inner tubular casing 3 is inserted, through the ball valve 9, into the outer tubular casing 7 closed by the upper end by the cover 8 which is It can be removed if reactor 1 becomes clogged.
  • the size of the biomass particles loaded in the reactor 1 has to be larger than the diameter of the holes of the perforated bottom base 4 of the inner tubular casing 3, which functions as a filter preventing solid biomass from being removed from the bed and dragged through the different elements of the plant of the invention.
  • the plant of the invention comprises an operating unit of reactor 1 where the process for biomass fractionation is carried out.
  • FIG 1 a plant is shown that includes several connected reactor units, which can operate in series with one another, or separately, and where also carries out the process for the fractionation of biomass.
  • the cartridge is pushed until it enters completely, and then the ball valve 9 located below the cartridge is closed. At this time, the reactor 1 is filled with water, driven by a first motor pump 19, making sure that the liquid enters the reactor 1 and does not leak through the pipeline circuit.
  • each reactor 1 is isolated from the rest of the pilot plant system by closing a first two-way valve 20 and a second needle valve 21 located at the exit of each reactor 1.
  • a second valve is also opened 22 two-way and a first three-way valve 23 is moved, such that water enters only in a reactor 1, and in the tube segment between the reactor and said first three-way valve 23.
  • the first three-way valve 23 can divert the flow to the next reactor 1 or to the next first three-way valve 23, avoiding the previous reactor 1.
  • the reactor 1 is heated homogeneously by the wrapping resistors 14 to a temperature slightly below the minimum temperature needed to begin the extraction of the compound to be extracted.
  • Hemicellulose begins to be extracted at temperatures above 100 ° C; so that if it is decided to extract said hemicellulose compound, the reactor 1 must be preheated and wait for the reactor 1 to reach temperatures above 100 ° C.
  • a second motorcycle pump 27 is activated to drive the flow of liquid that previously passes through the initial heat exchangers 16, functioning as a cooling liquid of another hot liquid leaving the system, and at the same time achieving a first preheating . Consequently, it achieves further preheating, by means of the main heater 13, towards a temperature higher than the one required to operate; following the liquid fluid then to the first three-way valve 23.
  • said first three-way valve 23 is still placed in a position where the flow of liquid is diverted to the next first three-way valve 23, and not to the reactor 1.
  • the reactor temperature is raised to the conditions under which it is desired to operate; the first three-way valve 23 being adjusted, so that the flow of liquid enters the reactor 1, and at the same time the first two-way valve 20 is opened so that the liquid can leave the reactor 1.
  • the extraction of the soluble compounds from the biomass in the reactor 1 the liquid flow enters the reactor 1, passes through the biomass bed, extracts the soluble compounds, and leaves the reactor.
  • the flow of liquid leaving the reactor 1 reaches another first three-way valve 23, so that by acting on this first three-way valve 23, the flow can be directed to the next reactor 1 or to the next first three-way valve 23 .
  • This operation can be repeated for each reactor unit in the pilot plant system. In this way, each reactor 1 can be integrated into the extraction process, or it can be omitted.
  • the hot liquid stream is returned and enters the inside of the initial heat exchangers 16 transferring heat to the liquid fed into the system.
  • the liquid outlet therefore, cools, and depressurizes through the back pressure valve 17, and finally exits the system.
  • the back pressure valve 17 regulates the pressure of the entire extraction system, so that when it is desired to interrupt the reaction in a reactor 1, the flow of liquid is diverted, blocking the supply to the corresponding reactor unit 1 to be isolated from the system.
  • the first three-way valve 23 that precedes the respective reactor 1 is rotated and the first two-way valve 20 placed at the exit of said reactor 1 is closed, thus excluding the corresponding reactor 1 from the system.
  • the liquid flow can be directed to the subsequent reactor unit 1 (loaded with a biomass cartridge, as explained above), or it can be directed to the next three-way first valve 23, which in turn can direct the flow.
  • the needle valve 21 has an outlet that flows into the heat exchanger 15, so that when said needle valve 21 is opened, the liquid contained in the reactor 1 passes to the heat exchanger 15 and is cooled by another flowing liquid on the outside of the heat exchanger 15. In this way, the pressurized liquid contained within the reactor does not vaporize during the opening of the needle valve 15, and exits as a normal liquid without pressure.
  • This pilot plant system allows to completely empty each reactor of the liquid, once the extraction process is completed.
  • a second three-way valve 28 is connected which allows the liquid to be directed to a shorter first tube 29 to take a sample of the product, or to a second longer tube 30 connected to a system Drain
  • the ball valve 9 is opened below the reactor 1, causing the cartridge containing the exhausted biomass to fall into the parachute device 10.
  • the cartridge can be removed and open, so that the bad tubular 2 is removed from the inside of the inner tubular housing 3 and subsequently the tubular mesh 2 is opened longitudinally, so that all the biomass can be collected in a solid state.
  • another cartridge Fresh biomass container can be quickly reloaded, restarting the extraction process in the new mounted cartridge.
  • the first motor pump 19 is used at the beginning of the process to fill the reactors 1 before the pipeline circuit is opened to carry out the process of continuous extraction and fractionation of the soluble compounds of the residual and non-residual biomass. Said first motor pump 19 is fed by a clean or not liquid fluid, contained within a first tank 31.
  • the second motor pump 27 drives the liquid fluid through the piping circuit to carry out the process of continuous extraction and fractionation of the soluble compounds of the residual and non-residual biomass. Said second motor pump 27 is fed with a liquid fluid contained within a second tank 32.
  • the two motor pumps 19, 27 are fed independently of liquid fluids contained within the tanks 31, 32; that in one embodiment of the invention said liquid fluids are water.
  • Each of the parachute devices 10 comprises a metal faceplate 10a that hangs on two suspension elements 10b connected to a part of the ball valve 9; wherein said faceplate 10a is located below said ball valve 9.
  • the suspension elements 10b comprise chains and in another embodiment comprise for example braces.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une installation à couches multiples qui comprend des réacteurs 1 disposés dans le sens vertical présentant une entrée de fluide liquide au-dessus de cartouches de contention de la biomasse, et une sortie de fluide liquide située dans une partie inférieure des réacteurs. Des dispositifs d'ouverture et de fermeture des réacteurs situés au-dessous des cartouches sont connectés aux extrémités inférieures desdits réacteurs ; les cartouches étant introduites à l'intérieur des réacteurs et étant extraites de l'intérieur desdits réacteurs, de manière indépendante, à travers les dispositifs d'ouverture et de fermeture lorsqu'ils sont en position ouverte ; le tout maintenant le fonctionnement de l'installation ; les réacteurs pouvant être isolés de manière indépendante pour le changement des cartouches lorsque cela s'avère nécessaire, sans interrompre le fonctionnement de ladite installation pilote.
PCT/ES2017/070611 2016-09-14 2017-09-14 Procédé et installation pilote à couches multiples pour le fractionnement de biomasse WO2018050941A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP201631191 2016-09-14
ES201631191A ES2659296B1 (es) 2016-09-14 2016-09-14 Proceso y planta piloto multilecho para fraccionamiento de biomasa

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WO2018050941A1 true WO2018050941A1 (fr) 2018-03-22

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000061276A1 (fr) * 1999-04-14 2000-10-19 Midwest Research Institute Fractionnement aqueux de biomasse fonde sur une nouvelle cinetique de l'hydrolyse des glucides
WO2011091044A1 (fr) * 2010-01-19 2011-07-28 Sriya Innovations, Inc. Production de sucres fermentescibles et de lignine à partir de biomasse à l'aide de fluides supercritiques
WO2012103582A1 (fr) * 2011-02-01 2012-08-09 Australian Biorefining Pty Ltd Produit en poudre de phosphate de cellulose et son procédé de fabrication et application à l'élimination de contaminants de solutions aqueuses
WO2013050139A1 (fr) * 2011-10-06 2013-04-11 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Adsorbeur pour séparer des composés organiques fluorés de fluides contaminés, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation dans la séparation de composés organiques fluorés de fluides contaminés

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000061276A1 (fr) * 1999-04-14 2000-10-19 Midwest Research Institute Fractionnement aqueux de biomasse fonde sur une nouvelle cinetique de l'hydrolyse des glucides
WO2011091044A1 (fr) * 2010-01-19 2011-07-28 Sriya Innovations, Inc. Production de sucres fermentescibles et de lignine à partir de biomasse à l'aide de fluides supercritiques
WO2012103582A1 (fr) * 2011-02-01 2012-08-09 Australian Biorefining Pty Ltd Produit en poudre de phosphate de cellulose et son procédé de fabrication et application à l'élimination de contaminants de solutions aqueuses
WO2013050139A1 (fr) * 2011-10-06 2013-04-11 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Adsorbeur pour séparer des composés organiques fluorés de fluides contaminés, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation dans la séparation de composés organiques fluorés de fluides contaminés

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