Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
  • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
  • B21D22/30—Deep-drawing to finish articles formed by deep-drawing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
  • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
  • B21D22/26—Deep-drawing for making peculiarly, e.g. irregularly, shaped articles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
  • B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards

Definitions

• the present invention relates to methods for the production of sheet metal components, the method comprising in each case: preforming of a workpiece into a preformed component, wherein at least partially excess material is introduced into the preformed component; and calibrating the preformed component to an at least partially final molded component using the excess material, wherein the preformed component is at least partially upset.
• the invention also relates according to the various aspects to tools for producing sheet metal components, in particular for carrying out the method according to the invention of the respective aspect, comprising: at least one preform tool for preforming a workpiece to a preformed component, wherein at least partially excess material is introduced into the preformed component; and at least one calibration tool for calibrating the preformed component to an at least partially final molded component using the excess material, wherein the preformed component is at least partially upset.
• thermoformed components usually require a final edge trim
• a final edge trim are cut off in the excess areas of the example, deep-drawn component.
• this can be done, for example, by one or more trimming tools that partially or wholly trim the flange from above or obliquely in the desired manner.
• trimming is already considerably more complicated because it has to be cut off from the side, for example, via a wedge slide.
• trimming operations are disadvantageous in that the trimming usually requires one or even several separate operations, which also often require their own tool technology and logistics system.
• the cut areas increase the scrap content, resulting in additional costs.
• the final edge trim can also be dispensed with.
• German Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2007 059 251 A1 describes a process for the production of high-volume, deep-drawn half-shells with a bottom region and a frame with low expenditure on equipment.
• a preformed half shell is first formed from a circuit board.
• the entire cross section of the preformed half shell has excess board material due to its geometric shape.
• the entire cross section is compressed to form the finished half shell and the finished half shell has an increased wall thickness over the entire cross section.
• German Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2008 037 612 A1 likewise describes a method for the production of deep-drawn, deep-drawn half-shells having a bottom region, a frame region and a flange region, wherein first of all a preformed half shell is formed from a blank, which is subsequently shaped into the end-formed half shell.
• the preformed half shell has excess board material due to its geometric shape. Due to the excess material, the half-shell is compressed to the final-formed half-shell during the forming of the preformed half shell into its final shape by at least one further pressing operation.
• the preformed half shell has the excess board material in the transition region between the frame area and flange area.
• the German patent application DE 10 2009 059 197 Al describes a method for producing a Haibschalenteils with a drawing punch and a drawing die.
• a process-reliable and cost-effective production is achieved in that in a single step the drawing punch is retracted into the drawing die, a board is preformed to a sheet metal blank with at least one bottom portion, at least one frame portion and optionally a flange portion, wherein during the preforming with the drawing punch a Excess material is introduced into either the bottom portion and the frame portion or the optional flange portion of the sheet metal blank, and the sheet blank to a Haibschalenteil
• German Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2013 103 612 A1 likewise describes a method for the production of deep-drawn, deep-drawn half-shells, wherein a half-shell preformed from a blank is formed into a finished half-shell and the preformed half-shell has excess blank material due to its geometric shape.
• the half-shell is compressed in a compression tool to the final-formed half-shell. It is envisaged that the size of the upset gap during the closing of the upsetting tool is reduced to the actual wall thickness of the frame of the preformed half-shell.
• German published patent application DE 10 2013 103 751 A1 describes a method for producing high-precision half-shells from a cut-to-size board, wherein the half-shell is preformed by deep-drawing in a first die, and wherein the preformed half-shell is subsequently formed in a second die, in particular in a calibration tool. is final molded. Taking into account the desired final shape of the preformed or semi-finished shell prior to deep drawing, the blank is cut with a positive dimensional deviation in the predetermined tolerance range and the die base of the first die is moved relative to the die support surface to deep-draw the blank.
• the described approaches have in common that in a first or several (first) process steps, a preform is produced, which comes as close as possible to the final shape or finished shape of the component, but with the difference that in the component sections such as flange, frame, transition region between flange and the frame and / or bottom defined material reserves are introduced, which are formed in a second process step by a special upsetting of the entire part during the calibration again.
• the object is achieved in a generic method in that different regions of the preformed component are calibrated with a time delay or only one or more sections of the preformed component are calibrated.
• Different areas of the preformed component are thus at least partially not calibrated at the same time.
• the different areas may partially overlap or be completely different areas.
• Different areas of the preformed component are thus at least partially calibrated individually or separately.
• Calibration consists in particular of partial calibration steps.
• a calibration of a range begins only when the calibration of the previous area is completed.
• a partial temporal overlap between the calibration of different areas exists.
• at least a first area and a second area are provided, which are calibrated offset in time.
• more than two (for example three, four, five or more) different areas may be provided. It is not necessary to calibrate the entire component but only one or more sections of the preformed component.
• the workpiece is, for example, a substantially planar board.
• the workpiece is made of one or more steel materials.
• aluminum or other malleable metals may be used.
• the preparation of the preform can be produced by means of any combinable shaping process in one or more steps.
• the preforming may include, for example, a thermoforming molding step.
• a multi-stage shaping comprising for example embossing of the floor to be created and raising the frames to be created or optionally stopping the flanges to be created.
• any combinations of folding and / or (compression) embossing can be regarded in particular as a component close to the final shape, which corresponds as well as possible to the intended finished part geometry taking into account given boundary conditions such as springback and forming capacity of the material used.
• the end-molded component can be understood as an essentially finished molded component.
• the final molded component may undergo further component modifying processing steps, such as insertion of tying holes.
• the component is a half-shell-shaped component, in particular a cross-sectionally U-shaped or hat-shaped component, wherein, for example, an L-shaped cross-sectional shape with only one pronounced frame is conceivable.
• the component has a base area, a frame area and / or a flange area.
• the component is at least partially a flangeless component or has at least partially on a flange.
• the excess material can be provided, for example, as a material reserve in the base area, in the frame area, in the flange area and / or in a transition area between the flange and frame area or frame and floor area.
• the preformed component is at least partially calibrated without cutting to the final molded component.
• technically complex trimming can be omitted at least in sections by the intended calibration of the preformed component under an at least partially upsetting.
• the calibration is carried out to the substantially final molded component in a tool or different tools.
• the system complexity can be kept low.
• the tool has different tool parts, which are loaded and / or unloaded with a time delay.
• tool parts can be partially relieved, so that different areas of the preformed component are calibrated in a time-delayed manner or, alternatively, only one or more sections of the preformed component are calibrated.
• the tool is adapted to calibrate only a portion of the preformed component, and by relative movement between the component and tool and repeated closure of the tool, the component is gradually calibrated.
• a tool is set up only to calibrate a portion of the different regions (eg, only one region). This allows, in particular, timing-neutral calibration.
• a component transport takes place between the calibration of different regions of the preformed component to the substantially final-shaped component.
• the differently calibrated different regions are component sections arranged along the preformed component.
• the regions are longitudinally juxtaposed longitudinal sections of the component.
• the calibration effect occurs as comprehensively as possible in the desired range.
• the securing can be achieved, for example, by at least partially fixing or supporting at least part of the remaining areas which are not being subjected to calibration.
• the workpiece has a substantially homogeneous thickness and / or is made of a material. Due to the time-delayed calibration, a sufficiently high strength and / or rigidity can be achieved, while at the same time can be dispensed with the use of workpieces made of different materials or with different sheet thicknesses (for example, tailored blanks or patchwork boards), what steps and thus cost and effort saves.
• the object is achieved in a generic tool in that the tool is adapted to calibrate different areas of the preformed component with a time delay or only one or more sections of the preformed component.
• a preforming tool may in particular have a (deep-drawing) die and a (deep-drawing) die. Of course, other preforming tools can be used to produce a preform in a workpiece.
• a calibration tool can in particular at least one Have calibration die and a Kalibrierst Zi. The tool may include one or more preform tools and / or one or more calibration tools.
• the at least one calibration tool has a plurality of tool parts and the tool is set up so that the calibration tool parts are partially relieved during calibration so that different regions of the preformed component are calibrated with a time offset.
• a time-delayed calibration of different areas can advantageously be carried out in one tool and without additional component transport.
• several calibration tools can be provided.
• only one or more sections of the preformed component can be calibrated.
• the tool further comprises securing means, which are designed to secure at least a part of the remaining - preferably adjacent-areas against a deflection during the calibration of a region.
• securing means are designed in the form of a hold-down or also in the form of a die and / or punch.
• the object mentioned in a generic method is achieved in that one or more locally thickened areas are generated during the calibration.
• the one or more locally thickened regions are produced in a bottom region, a frame region, and / or a flange region of the substantially final-shaped component.
• a thickened region is understood to mean that the wall thickness in the thickened region is higher than in a surrounding region.
• the wall thickness in the thickened region is higher than the wall thickness of the final-shaped component in the non-specifically thickened regions. Due to the thickened areas, stiffening and / or hardening, in particular, can be achieved in the desired areas, neutral in terms of cycle time and cost-neutrally, without having to resort to the complex measures described above.
• the second aspect thus presents itself as an alternative to the first aspect in order to achieve a high dimensional stability, rigidity and / or solidification of components with a low process outlay.
• one or more locally thickened regions extending along the end-formed component are produced during the calibration.
• substantially thickened locally thickened areas are produced.
• a stiffening of the substantially entire component can be achieved.
• the excess material introduced into the preformed component is adapted to produce the one or more locally thickened regions. It has been found that in order to control the stiffening effect, it is only necessary to adjust the excess material, ie local material reserves, in order to achieve a sufficient stiffening effect. That is, in particular, more excess material is introduced than before, since now a thickening is not avoided, but targeted positively used.
• the thickened areas are solidified by the calibration.
• the thickened areas thus reinforce the component not only by the presence of additional material, but there is an additional solidification (for example, a work hardening) instead.
• more excess material is introduced into the preformed component than is needed for the calibration. Deviating from the previous procedure, intentionally more excess material is introduced to provoke the formation of locally thickened areas.
• the excess material is undulated and undulated until the completion of the calibration to the one or more locally thickened areas. If the excess material is provided and the calibration carried out so that the excess material undulates in a wave-like manner, the formation of the one or more locally thickened regions, in particular as strip-shaped regions, can be achieved in a simple manner.
• the object is achieved in a generic tool in that the tool is adapted to generate one or more locally thickened areas during calibration.
• the tool can be configured, for example, by a corresponding geometrical adaptation of the calibration tool, for example a punch and / or a die of the calibration tool, to produce the thickened regions.
• Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a preformed component with excess
• FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a final molded component after calibration of the preformed component of FIG. Second
• FIG. 1a-c show schematic representations of the calibration process within the scope of an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the first aspect.
• FIG. la Calibration tool 1 of a tool for the production of sheet metal components.
• the tool further comprises a preforming tool (not shown).
• the preforming tool was used to reshape a workpiece (for example, a circuit board) to form the preformed component 2, excess material being introduced at least partially into the preformed component 2.
• the component 2 is in this case a flangeless U-shaped component made of a steel material.
• the calibrating tool 1 is used to calibrate the preformed component 2 to form an at least partially final-shaped component 2 '(cf., Fig. 1c) using the excess material, the preformed component 2 being compressed at least in sections.
• the calibration tool 1 comprises a punch 1a and a die 1b.
• the tool is adapted to calibrate different areas of the preformed component 2 with a time delay. Alternatively and not shown, only one or more sections in the preformed component may be calibrated, with other adjacent sections not needing to be calibrated.
• the component 2 is calibrated in this case in three different areas 2a, 2b, 2c delayed.
• the regions 2 a, 2 b, 2 c are component sections arranged in the longitudinal direction of the component 2. Calibration takes place only by the tool 1.
• the region 2a is calibrated in a first pressing operation (FIG. 1a).
• the preformed and already partially calibrated component 2 is then transported longitudinally in the tool 1 so that the next region 2b can be calibrated.
• the area 2b is calibrated by a second pressing operation (FIG. 1b).
• the preformed and already partially calibrated component 2 is then transported again in the longitudinal direction in the tool 1, so that the last region 2c can be calibrated.
• the area 2c is calibrated by a third pressing operation (FIG. 1c).
• the preformed component 2 is now a final molded component 2 'and can be completely removed from the tool 1.
• Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a preformed component 3 with excess material 4 within the scope of an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the second aspect.
• the component 3 is a U-shaped component with a bottom portion and a frame portion. In the bottom region of the preformed component 3 not only excess material 4 was introduced, but this was also adapted to produce one or more locally thickened areas 5. For this purpose, more surplus material 4 is introduced into the preformed component 3 than is needed for the calibration.
• the excess material 4 will undulate at the start of the calibration. Until the completion of the calibration (bottom dead center of the press, not shown), the excess material 4 is solidified into a plurality of locally thickened regions 5.
• the end-formed component 3 ' is shown in FIG. 3 shown.
• the locally thickened regions 5 produced during the calibration extend along the end-formed component 3 '.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
• Forging (AREA)

Priority Applications (6)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Citations (9)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 2016
  • 2016-09-07 DE DE102016116759.2A patent/DE102016116759A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2017
  • 2017-09-05 WO PCT/EP2017/072177 patent/WO2018046473A1/de unknown
  • 2017-09-05 EP EP17761871.7A patent/EP3509771B1/de active Active
  • 2017-09-05 CN CN201780054939.8A patent/CN109862973B/zh active Active
  • 2017-09-05 MX MX2019002583A patent/MX2019002583A/es unknown
  • 2017-09-05 ES ES17761871T patent/ES2812825T3/es active Active
  • 2017-09-05 PL PL17761871T patent/PL3509771T3/pl unknown
  • 2017-09-05 US US16/330,465 patent/US20190217366A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (9)

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