WO2018032892A1 - 联合波束成形方法、发射机以及接收机 - Google Patents

联合波束成形方法、发射机以及接收机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018032892A1
WO2018032892A1 PCT/CN2017/091465 CN2017091465W WO2018032892A1 WO 2018032892 A1 WO2018032892 A1 WO 2018032892A1 CN 2017091465 W CN2017091465 W CN 2017091465W WO 2018032892 A1 WO2018032892 A1 WO 2018032892A1
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Prior art keywords
receiver
transmitter
receive
transmit beam
transmit
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PCT/CN2017/091465
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
侯晓辉
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2018032892A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018032892A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0426—Power distribution
    • H04B7/043—Power distribution using best eigenmode, e.g. beam forming or beam steering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0621—Feedback content
    • H04B7/063—Parameters other than those covered in groups H04B7/0623 - H04B7/0634, e.g. channel matrix rank or transmit mode selection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0802—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a joint beamforming method, a transmitter, and a receiver.
  • the transmit beamforming is performed only in the downlink direction.
  • the base station acts as a transmitter transmit beam
  • the terminal acts as a receiver beam.
  • beamforming is performed only on the transmitter side in the downlink direction, and beamforming is not performed on the receiver side, resulting in insufficient downlink receiver beamforming capability on the downlink. , reducing the performance of the communication link.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a joint beamforming method, a transmitter, and a receiver.
  • the main technical problem is to solve the problem that the existing wireless domain only performs beamforming on the transmitter side in the downlink direction, resulting in poor receiver capability on the receiver side.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a joint beamforming method, including:
  • the receiver receives the beam transmitted by the transmitter according to the preset transmit beam scheme by using a preset receive beam scheme
  • the receiver determines a first best transmit beam and a first best receive beam according to the received beam
  • the receiver feeds back a determination result to the transmitter, the determination result including at least the first optimal transmit beam;
  • the receiver receives data formed by the transmitter through the first best transmit beam by the first optimal receive beam.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a joint beamforming method, including:
  • the transmitter transmits a beam to the receiver according to a preset transmit beam scheme
  • the transmitter sends the data to be transmitted to the receiver through the first best transmit beamforming.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a receiver, including:
  • a first receiving module configured to receive, by using a preset receiving beam scheme, a beam that is sent by the transmitter according to a preset transmit beam scheme;
  • a first demodulation module configured to determine, according to the received beam, a first best transmit beam and a first best receive beam
  • a first feedback module configured to feed back a determination result to the transmitter, where the determination result includes at least the first optimal transmit beam
  • a first data processing module configured to receive, by the first optimal receive beam, data formed by the transmitter through the first optimal transmit beam.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a transmitter, including:
  • a second transmitting module configured to send a beam to the receiver according to a preset transmit beam scheme
  • a second feedback receiving module configured to receive a first optimal transmit beam that is determined by the receiver according to the received beam
  • a second data sending module configured to send data to be sent to the receiver by forming the first optimal transmit beam.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer storage medium having stored therein computer executable instructions for performing the joint beamforming method of any of the foregoing.
  • the transmitter transmits a beam to the receiver according to a preset transmit beam scheme
  • the receiver uses a preset receive beam scheme to receive the transmitter according to the transmit beam scheme.
  • a beam determining a first best transmit beam and a first best receive beam according to the received beam, and feeding back a determination result including the first best transmit beam to the transmitter; the subsequent transmitter passes the data to be sent
  • the first best transmit beamforming is sent to the receiver, and the receiver receives the data formed by the first best transmit beam by the transmitter through the determined first best receive beam.
  • the present disclosure simultaneously performs beamforming on the transmitter side and the receiver side to improve the capability of the receiver side and the performance of the communication link.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a joint beamforming method on a receiver side according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a combined beamforming method on a transmitter side according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a receiver side antenna subset according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a transmitter-side antenna subset according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of an uplink combined beamforming method according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of time division orthogonal transmission according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of code division orthogonal transmission according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of frequency division orthogonal transmission according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a downlink beamforming sequence of an FDD according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a downlink beamforming sequence of TDD according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication system according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiver according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another receiver according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitter according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another receiving transmitter according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic flowchart of a downlink joint beamforming process of an FDD according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a FDMA transmission downlink transmit beam according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of an uplink joint beamforming process of an FDD according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of an FDMA transmission uplink transmit beam according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the trend of the transmitting and receiving antennas of the terminal is to achieve a larger number, such as 4 rounds, 4 rounds, 8 rounds and 8 rounds. Therefore, the joint beamforming of the transmitter at the transmitting end and the receiver at the receiving end becomes very important, which can improve the receiving capability of the receiver and improve the performance of the communication link.
  • the receiver and the transmitter may first exchange a preset receiving beam scheme and a transmitting beam scheme, and then the transmitter transmits a beam to the receiver according to the transmitting beam scheme, and the receiver receives the transmission by using the receiving beam scheme.
  • the beam sent by the machine determines the first best transmit beam and the first best receive beam according to the received beam, and feeds back the determination result including the first best transmit beam to the transmitter; the subsequent transmitter is to be sent
  • the data is sent to the receiver by the first best transmit beamforming, and the receiver receives the data formed by the first best transmit beam by the transmitter through the determined first optimal receive beam, so that the transmitter side and the receiver side simultaneously Combine beamforming to improve receiver side capability and communication link performance.
  • the beamforming methods on the transmitter side and the receiver side will be described below as an example.
  • the receiver uses a preset receive beam scheme to receive a beam sent by the transmitter according to a preset transmit beam scheme.
  • the receiver determines a first best transmit beam and a first best receive beam according to the received beam.
  • the receiver feeds back the determination result to the transmitter, and the determined result of the feedback includes at least a first optimal transmit beam.
  • S104 The receiver receives data formed by the first best transmit beam by the transmitter through the first optimal receive beam.
  • the joint beamforming of the transmitter and the receiver is realized by the process shown in FIG. 1, which can improve the receiving capability of the receiver and the performance of the communication link.
  • the preset receive beam scheme on the receiver side and the preset transmit beam scheme on the transmitter side may be mutually agreed in advance, and the mutually agreed manner may be an interaction preset between the two.
  • the receive beam scheme and the transmit beam scheme preset by the two are described as an example.
  • the transmit beam scheme and the receive beam scheme in this embodiment are all agreed on the receiver and the transmitter side.
  • the determined transmit beam set and the receive beam set may be specifically formed in the form of a codebook or other forms.
  • Characterization is performed as a transmitter's transmit capability and receiver's receive capability, respectively.
  • the transmitting capability of the transmitter is broadcast to the terminal in the form of a system message, and the receiving capability of the terminal is transmitted through various CAT (ComputerAdaptiveTest) capabilities. Reported to the base station via the air interface.
  • the terminal can pass various CATs.
  • the capability form reports its own transmission capability to the base station through signaling through the air interface, and the base station can broadcast the receiving capability to the terminal in the form of a system message.
  • the joint beamforming method includes:
  • the transmitter sends a beam to the receiver according to a transmit beam scheme.
  • S202 The transmitter receives a first optimal transmit beam determined by the receiver according to the received beam.
  • S203 The transmitter sends the data to be transmitted to the receiver by forming the first optimal transmit beam.
  • the receive beam scheme includes the number of antenna subsets R (greater than or equal to 1) on the receiver side and the number T (greater than or equal to 2) of the receive beamforming modes corresponding to each subset.
  • the number R of receiver-side antenna subsets can be flexibly set according to the number of antennas, the relationship between antennas, the number of beamforming modes, and specific application scenarios. For example, when the receiver is a terminal and the antenna of the terminal is set to 4 (also can be set to 8, 16, or 32, etc.), R is set to 2, as shown in FIG. 3, the antenna subset on the receiver side. They are S11 and S12 respectively.
  • the transmit beam scheme includes the number of antenna subsets Q (greater than or equal to 1) on the transmitter side and the number S (greater than or equal to 2) of the transmit beamforming modes corresponding to each antenna subset.
  • the number Q of receiver antenna subsets can be flexibly set according to the number of antennas, the relationship between antennas, the number of beamforming modes, and specific application scenarios. For example, when the receiver is a base station, and the antenna of the terminal is set to 256 (also can be set to 32, 64, 128, etc.), Q is set to 4, that is, every 64 is divided into a subset, see figure As shown in FIG. 4, the antenna subsets on the transmitter side are S21, S22, S23, and S24, respectively.
  • each antenna subset on the receiver side and the transmitter side can be flexibly corresponding.
  • one or more subsets on the transmitter side can be set to correspond to each antenna subset on the receiver side.
  • the transmitter sends a beam to the receiver according to the transmit beam scheme, specifically, the transmitter sends the Q*S beams to the receiver according to the beamforming scheme set above.
  • the receiver receives each of the Q*S beams transmitted by the transmitter, and each of the R*T receive beams is independently received, so that the receiver side receives the received Q*S*R*T beams.
  • the receiver determines a first best transmit beam and a first best receive beam from the received Q*S*R*T beams. And at least the first best transmit beam feedback transmitter side will be determined.
  • the receiver can feed back the index information of the first best transmit beam and the first receive beam to the transmitter side, so that the transmitter side knows which beam is the best transmit beam and which beam is the best receive beam.
  • various selection principles can be adopted when determining the optimal transmit beam and the optimal receive beam from the received Q*S*R*T beams.
  • the best principle of BFRS demodulation performance The following is explained with a specific selection example.
  • the nth transmit beamforming vector P m,n the mth receive beamforming corresponding channel is H m,n , and its RS (cell specific reference signal) is X m,n , and the corresponding noise and interference are N m , n , corresponding to the received signal is Y m,n .
  • the received signal is modeled as,
  • K m,n Y m,n K m,n H m,n P m,n X m,n +K m,n N m,n ;
  • the scheme in this embodiment is applicable to the scenario where the transmitter and the receiver are time division duplex channels or frequency division duplex channels.
  • the channel between the transmitter and the receiver is a time division duplex channel
  • the receiver can also use the first best receiving beam as the best transmit beam of the local end, and the receiver
  • the data to be transmitted is formed by using the first optimal receive beam and then sent to the transmitter for the transmitter to receive through the first optimal transmit beam, that is, the first optimal transmit beam at this time.
  • the best receive beam for the transmitter introduces beamforming for both the upstream and downstream channels between the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the scheme of failing to introduce beamforming in the uplink can further improve the performance of the communication link, and can save uplink resources, reduce the processing of the transmitter and the receiver, and fully utilize the reciprocity of the wireless channel.
  • the characteristic is to directly use the receiver's receive beam index as the transmit beam index applied to the data when the receiver uplinks, and use the transmit beam index of the transmitter as the receive beam index of the data signal of the receive receiver.
  • the scheme for introducing beamforming into the uplink channel includes:
  • S501 The receiver transmits a beam to the transmitter by using a receive beam scheme.
  • the beam transmitted in this step contains R*T.
  • the transmitter separately uses Q*S beams for each of the R*T beams transmitted by the receiver.
  • the transmitter determines a second best transmit beam and a second best receive beam from the received Q*S*R*T beams.
  • S505 The receiver receives a second best transmit beam determined by the transmitter according to the received beam.
  • S506 The receiver sends the data to be transmitted to the transmitter by forming a second optimal transmit beam.
  • S507 The transmitter uses the second best receive beam to receive data formed by the receiver through the second best transmit beam.
  • the transmitter in this embodiment when used as the transmitting end or the receiver as the transmitting end, the transmitter may be specifically sent to the opposite end by using at least one of code division orthogonal, time division orthogonal, and frequency division orthogonal. Beam.
  • the transmitting beam of the opposite end can be dynamically received to determine the current best transmitting beam and the receiving beam; End of launch
  • the machine or receiver dynamically transmits the corresponding beam to the opposite end. For example, it is sent periodically or dynamically according to other rules.
  • the following is an example of a receiver as a terminal and a transmitter as a base station.
  • the method of combining beamforming of the transmitter and the receiver in this embodiment is based on feedback, and therefore is applicable to both the frequency division duplex channel and the time division duplex channel system.
  • the optimal transmit beam and the optimal receive beam can be directly interoperated after determining the optimal transmit beam.
  • the following example is performed by pressing the row direction and the upward direction respectively.
  • the base station acts as a transmitter and the terminal acts as a receiver.
  • the number of transmitting antennas of the base station is M, and the number of receiving antennas of the terminal UE is N.
  • the transmit beam of the base station is transmitted in the air interface in the form of a physical signal of the BFRS (Beam Forming RS) of the base station (and of course, other characterization methods), and provides services for all UEs under the base station.
  • BFRS Beam Forming RS
  • the BFRS transmission can be orthogonally transmitted using TDMA (time division multiple access), as shown in FIG. 6.
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • Ptx1 to Ptx5 are five transmission beams, and the direction thereof is shown on the right side of FIG.
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • the BFRS in this embodiment is periodically transmitted by the base station according to the downlink frame structure.
  • each of the Q*S transmit beams transmitted by the base station is independently and parallelly received by R*T receive beams, and the UE performs the best according to the best BFRS demodulation performance principle.
  • the first best transmit beam index and the first best receive beam index, and the two indexes may be notified to the base station in the form of physical layer signaling, and the signaling is reported by the UE through the uplink control channel. See Figure 9 for FDD and Figure 10 for TDD.
  • the transmitter may specifically transmit at least one of frequency division orthogonal, time division orthogonal and code division orthogonal for the transmission beam.
  • the base station performs downlink transmit beamforming on the downlink data data for the UE according to the first best transmit beam index fed back by the UE.
  • the UE performs beamforming of the reception using the selected first best receive beam, and receives the downlink data signal.
  • the UE may periodically measure the BFRS beam sent by the base station, select the best transmit beam and the best receive beam, and notify the base station by signaling.
  • the setting of this period can be flexibly set according to the specific application scenario.
  • the base station adjusts the optimal first receive beam index in real time according to the signaling feedback of the UE, and applies downlink beamforming in data according to the latest first best transmit beam.
  • the base station acts as a receiver and the terminal acts as a transmitter, at this time for both the FDD system and the TDD system.
  • the best transmission and the best receive beam can be re-determined as follows.
  • the BFSounding signal is used for uplink detection and selection, and the BFSounding is only transmitted when the UE performs the service.
  • the full bandwidth transmission is also required.
  • the base station performs dynamic scheduling through the downlink control channel.
  • BFSounding can also be referred to as downlink using at least one of frequency division normal price, time division orthogonal, or code division orthogonal. As long as the principle of orthogonality of the individual beams is maintained. The above mechanism is applicable to both FDD and TDD systems.
  • the BFSounding in this embodiment is sent by the terminal to the base station; each of the base stations transmitting R*T for the terminal is independently and parallelly received by the Q*S receiving beams, and the base station processes the BFSounding demodulation performance according to the best principle.
  • the best second best transmit beam index and second best receive beam index are independently and parallelly received by the Q*S receiving beams, and the base station processes the BFSounding demodulation performance according to the best principle.
  • the characteristics of the reciprocity of the radio channel can be fully utilized, and the optimal receiving beam index of the UE receiver is directly used as the uplink transmission of the UE.
  • the best transmit beam index of data using the best transmit beam index of the base station as the best receive beam index for receiving the data signal of the UE.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • This embodiment provides a wireless communication system, as shown in FIG. 11, including a receiver 1 and a transmitter 2.
  • the receiver 1 includes:
  • the first receiving module 12 is configured to receive, by using a receive beam scheme, a beam that is sent by the transmitter according to the transmit beam scheme.
  • the first demodulation module 13 is configured to determine a first optimal transmit beam and a first optimal receive beam according to the received beam.
  • the first feedback module 14 is configured to feed back the determination result to the transmitter, and the determination result includes at least a first optimal transmit beam.
  • the first data processing module 15 is configured to receive data formed by the first best transmit beam by the transmitter through the first optimal receive beam.
  • the receiving beam plan preset on the receiver side and the preset transmit beam plan on the transmitter side may be mutually agreed in advance, and the mutually agreed manner may be an alternate preset receiving beam scheme and transmission.
  • the receive beam scheme and the transmit beam scheme preset by the two are described as an example.
  • the receiver 1 in this embodiment further includes a first interaction module 11 for interacting with the transmitter to preset a receive beam scheme and a transmit beam scheme.
  • the determined transmit beam set and the receive beam set may be specifically formed in the form of a codebook or other forms, and are respectively described as a transmit capability of the transmitter and a receive capability of the receiver.
  • the transmitter in this embodiment is a base station, and when the receiver is a terminal UE, the transmitter broadcasts the transmission capability to the terminal in the form of a system message, and the first interaction module 11 of the terminal receives the capability through various CAT (Category) capabilities. The form is reported to the base station through the air interface through signaling.
  • CAT Category
  • the receiver 1 shown in Fig. 12 can be combined with the transmitter 2 for beamforming, which can improve the receiving capability of the receiver and the performance of the communication link.
  • the receiving beam scheme in this embodiment includes the number of antenna subsets R (greater than or equal to 1) on the receiver side and each subset pair.
  • the number of received beamforming methods T (greater than or equal to 2).
  • the transmit beam scheme includes the number of antenna subsets Q (greater than or equal to 1) on the transmitter side and the number S (greater than or equal to 2) of the transmit beamforming modes corresponding to each antenna subset.
  • the number of antenna subsets can be flexibly set according to the number of antennas, the relationship between the antennas, the number of beamforming modes, and specific application scenarios.
  • the transmitter transmits a beam to the receiver according to the transmit beam scheme, specifically, the transmitter transmits Q*S beams to the receiver according to the beamforming scheme set above.
  • the first receiving module 12 separately receives R*T receiving beams for each of the Q*S beams transmitted by the transmitter, so that the receiver side receives the Q*S*R*T beams. .
  • the first demodulation module 13 determines a first best transmit beam and a first best receive beam from the received Q*S*R*T beams.
  • the first feedback module 14 will at least determine the first best transmit beam feedback transmitter side. Specifically, the first feedback module 14 can feed back the index information of the first best transmit beam and the first receive beam to the transmitter side, so that the transmitter side knows which beam is the best transmit beam and which beam is the best. Receive beam.
  • the scheme in this embodiment is applicable to the scenario where the transmitter and the receiver are time division duplex channels or frequency division duplex channels.
  • the first data processing module 15 can also use the first best receiving beam as the best transmission of the local end.
  • the data to be transmitted can be sent to the transmitter by using the first optimal receive beam, and then transmitted to the transmitter through the first optimal transmit beam, that is, the first at this time.
  • the best transmit beam is the best receive beam for the transmitter.
  • this embodiment introduces beamforming for both the upstream and downstream channels between the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the scheme of failing to introduce beamforming in the uplink can further improve the performance of the communication link, and can save uplink resources, reduce the processing of the transmitter and the receiver, and fully utilize the reciprocity of the wireless channel.
  • the characteristic is to directly use the receiver's receive beam index as the transmit beam index applied to the data when the receiver uplinks, and use the transmit beam index of the transmitter as the receive beam index of the data signal of the receive receiver.
  • the receiver 1 further includes:
  • the first transmitting module 16 is configured to transmit a beam to the transmitter by using a receiving beam scheme; the beam transmitted in the step includes R*T.
  • the first feedback receiving module 17 is configured to receive a second optimal transmit beam that is determined by the transmitter according to the received beam.
  • the first data sending module 18 is configured to send the data to be sent to the transmitter by forming a second best transmit beam.
  • the first receiving module 12 can receive the transmit beam of the dynamic transmitting end to determine the current best transmit beam and receive beam.
  • the transmitter 2 provided in this embodiment includes:
  • the second transmitting module 22 is configured to send a beam to the receiver according to the transmit beam scheme. There are a total of Q*S transmit beam modes for the transmitter.
  • the second transmitting module 22 in this embodiment may be specifically sent by using periodic or other dynamic manners.
  • the second feedback receiving module 23 is configured to receive a first optimal transmit beam that is determined by the receiver according to the received beam.
  • the second data sending module 24 is configured to send the data to be sent to the receiver after being shaped by the first optimal transmit beam.
  • the embodiment can also introduce a beamforming scheme for the uplink channel, as shown in FIG.
  • the transmitter 2 shown also includes:
  • a second receiving module 25 configured to receive, by using a transmit beam scheme, a beam that is transmitted by the receiver by using a receive beam scheme; specifically, for each of the R*T beams transmitted by the receiver, Q*S beams are used. Received independently.
  • a second demodulation module 26 configured to determine a second best transmit beam and a second best receive beam according to the received beam; specifically determine a second most from the received Q*S*R*T beams Good transmit beam and second best receive beam.
  • the second feedback module 27 is configured to feed back the second optimal transmit beam to the receiver.
  • the second data processing module 28 is configured to receive, by the second best receive beam, the data formed by the receiver through the second best transmit beam.
  • the transmitter 2 in this embodiment may further include a second interaction module 21 for interacting with the receiver to preset a transmit beam scheme and a receive beam scheme.
  • the transmitter in this embodiment may be a base station, and the receiver may be a terminal, and for the downlink direction, the base station is a transmitting end, and the terminal is a receiving end; conversely, in the uplink direction, the base station is a receiving end,
  • the terminal is the sender.
  • Corresponding functions of the above modules may be implemented by a processor or a controller in a terminal or a base station. The present disclosure will be further described below by solving specific application scenario examples.
  • Scenario 1 Taking the FDD system as an example, the base station is a transmitter and the terminal UE is a receiver, and the implementation of downlink joint beamforming is explained.
  • the base station transmitting beams use one set, including 16 beamforming modes
  • the UE receiving beams use one set, including two beamforming modes.
  • the beamforming process is shown in Figure 16, including:
  • S161 The base station BFRS transmits using FDMA, as shown in FIG.
  • S162 The UE performs two parallel receptions for each of the transmit beams, and performs BFRS demodulation processing separately.
  • S163 The UE compares the 32 demodulation processing results of the BFRS, and determines the first best transmit beam index and the first best receive beam index, and the result is that the transmit beam 6 and the receive beam 2 are optimal.
  • the UE performs signaling feedback on the uplink control channel, and informs the base station that the transmit beam 6 and the receive beam 2 are optimal.
  • S165 The base station shapes the data by using the transmit beam 6 according to the feedback result.
  • S166 The UE uses the receive beam 2 for downlink reception.
  • S167 The UE performs periodic measurement and feedback according to the timing determined by the frame structure.
  • S168 The base station adjusts beamforming for the data in real time according to the feedback result.
  • Scenario 2 Taking the FDD system as an example, the base station is a transmitter and the terminal UE is a receiver, and an implementation of uplink joint beamforming is described.
  • the base station transmitting beams use one set, including 16 beamforming modes
  • the UE receiving beams use one set, including two beamforming modes.
  • the beamforming process is shown in Figure 18 and includes:
  • S181 The UE transmits an uplink BFSounding signal according to the scheduling of the base station, as shown in FIG.
  • the base station performs 16 parallel receptions for each transmit beam.
  • the base station compares the 32 demodulation processing results of the BFSounding, determines the transmit beam index and the receive beam index, and assumes that the transmit beam 1 and the receive beam 5 are optimal.
  • S184 The base station schedules the transmit shaping information of the UE on the downlink control channel.
  • S185 The UE shapes the data by using the transmit beam 1 according to the scheduling information.
  • the base station uses the receive beam 5 for downlink reception.
  • S187 The UE transmits BFSounding according to the scheduling of the base station.
  • the base station receives the measurement BFSounding, the decision transmit beam index, and the receive beam index.
  • the base station schedules the UE by using a downlink control channel.
  • S1810 The UE uses the transmit beam index included in the scheduling information to perform data shaping according to scheduling requirements.
  • modules or steps of the above-described embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, which may be centralized on a single computing device or distributed over a network of multiple computing devices. Alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by a computing device such that they may be stored in a computer storage medium (ROM/RAM, diskette, optical disk) by a computing device, and in some cases
  • ROM/RAM, diskette, optical disk a computer storage medium
  • the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than that herein, or they may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of the modules or steps may be implemented as a single integrated circuit module. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

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Abstract

本公开实施例提供一种联合波束成形方法、发射机以及接收机，发射机根据预设的发射波束方案向接收机发送波束，接收机采用预设的接收波束方案接收发射机根据发射波束方案发送的波束，根据接收到的波束确定出第一最佳发射波束和第一最佳接收波束，并将包含第一最佳发射波束的确定结果反馈给发射机；后续发射机将待发送的数据通过第一最佳发射波束成形后发给接收机，接收机通过确定的第一最佳接收波束接收发射机通过第一最佳发射波束成形的数据。本公开同时在发射机侧和接收机侧联合进行波束成形，提升接收机侧的能力和通信链路性能。

Description

联合波束成形方法、发射机以及接收机 技术领域
本公开涉及无线通信领域，尤其涉及一种联合波束成形方法、发射机以及接收机。
背景技术
目前LTE等无线系统，基站与终端的通信中，都仅在下行方向进行了发射波束成形，此时基站作为发射机发射波束，终端作为接收机波束。也即目前的无线通信领域中，都仅在下行方向的发射机侧进行波束成形，而对于接收机侧并未进行波束成形，导致在下行链路，未充分发挥接收机的接收波束成形的能力，降低了通信链路性能。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供了一种联合波束成形方法、发射机以及接收机，主要解决的技术问题是：解决现有无线领域仅在下行方向的发射机侧进行波束成形导致接收机侧接收能力差、通信链路性能差的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本公开实施例提供一种联合波束成形方法，包括：
接收机采用预设的接收波束方案接收发射机根据预设的发射波束方案发送的波束；
所述接收机根据接收到的波束确定出第一最佳发射波束和第一最佳接收波束；
所述接收机将确定结果反馈给所述发射机，所述确定结果至少包括所述第一最佳发射波束；
所述接收机通过所述第一最佳接收波束接收所述发射机通过所述第一最佳发射波束成形的数据。
为解决上述技术问题，本公开实施例提供一种联合波束成形方法，包括：
发射机根据预设的发射波束方案向接收机发送波束；
所述发射机接收所述接收机根据接收到的波束确定出的第一最佳发射波束；
所述发射机将待发送的数据通过所述第一最佳发射波束成形后发给所述接收机。
为解决上述技术问题，本公开实施例提供一种接收机，包括：
第一接收模块，用于采用预设的接收波束方案接收发射机根据预设的发射波束方案发送的波束；
第一解调模块，用于根据接收到的波束确定出第一最佳发射波束和第一最佳接收波束；
第一反馈模块，用于将确定结果反馈给所述发射机，所述确定结果至少包括所述第一最佳发射波束；
第一数据处理模块，用于通过所述第一最佳接收波束接收所述发射机通过所述第一最佳发射波束成形的数据。
为解决上述技术问题，本公开实施例提供一种发射机，包括：
第二发射模块，用于根据预设的发射波束方案向接收机发送波束；
第二反馈接收模块，用于接收所述接收机根据接收到的波束确定出的第一最佳发射波束；
第二数据发送模块，用于将待发送的数据通过所述第一最佳发射波束成形后发给所述接收机。
本公开实施例还提供一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行前述的任一项的联合波束成形方法。
本公开的有益效果是：
根据本公开实施例提供的联合波束成形方法、发射机以及接收机，发射机根据预设的发射波束方案向接收机发送波束，接收机采用预设的接收波束方案接收发射机根据发射波束方案发送的波束，根据接收到的波束确定出第一最佳发射波束和第一最佳接收波束，并将包含第一最佳发射波束的确定结果反馈给发射机；后续发射机将待发送的数据通过第一最佳发射波束成形后发给接收机，接收机通过确定的第一最佳接收波束接收发射机通过第一最佳发射波束成形的数据。本公开同时在发射机侧和接收机侧联合进行波束成形，提升接收机侧的能力和通信链路性能。
附图说明
图1为本公开实施例一提供的接收机侧的联合波束成形方法流程示意图；
图2为本公开实施例一提供的发射机侧的联合波束成形方法流程示意图；
图3为本公开实施例一提供的接收机侧天线子集示意图；
图4为本公开实施例一提供的发射机侧天线子集示意图；
图5为本公开实施例一提供的上行方向联合波束成形方法流程示意图；
图6为本公开实施例一提供的时分正交发射示意图；
图7为本公开实施例一提供的码分正交发射示意图；
图8为本公开实施例一提供的频分正交发射示意图；
图9为本公开实施例一提供的FDD的下行波束成形时序；
图10为本公开实施例一提供的TDD的下行波束成形时序；
图11为本公开实施例二提供的无线通信系统结构示意图；
图12为本公开实施例二提供的接收机结构示意图；
图13为本公开实施例二提供的另一接收机结构示意图；
图14为本公开实施例二提供的发射机结构示意图；
图15为本公开实施例二提供的另一接收发射机结构示意图；
图16为本公开实施例二提供的FDD的下行联合波束成形流程示意图；
图17为本公开实施例二提供的FDMA发射下行发射波束示意图；
图18为本公开实施例二提供的FDD的上行联合波束成形流程示意图；
图19为本公开实施例二提供的FDMA发射上行发射波束示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例只是本公开中一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
实施例一：
在无线通信领域，随着通信频段的进一步提高，特别是毫米波波段，终端的发射和接收天线趋势是做到较大的一个数目，比如4发4收、8发8收。因此，发射端的发射机和接收端的接收机的联合波束成形就变得非常重要，既能提升接收机的接收能力，又能提升通信链路性能。
本实施例提供的联合波束成形方法，接收机与发射机可以先交互预设的接收波束方案和发射波束方案，然后发射机根据发射波束方案向接收机发送波束，接收机采用接收波束方案接收发射机发送的波束，根据接收到的波束确定出第一最佳发射波束和第一最佳接收波束，并将包含第一最佳发射波束的确定结果反馈给发射机；后续发射机将待发送的数据通过第一最佳发射波束成形后发给接收机，接收机通过确定的第一最佳接收波束接收发射机通过第一最佳发射波束成形的数据，这样同时在发射机侧和接收机侧联合进行波束成形，提升接收机侧的能力和通信链路性能。下面分别以发射机侧和接收机侧的波束成形方法为例进行说明。
对于接收机侧的联合波束成形方法，参见图1所示，包括：
S101：接收机采用预设的接收波束方案接收发射机根据预设的发射波束方案发送的波束。
S102：接收机根据接收到的波束确定出第一最佳发射波束和第一最佳接收波束。
S103：接收机将确定结果反馈给发射机，反馈的确定结果至少包括第一最佳发射波束。
S104：接收机通过第一最佳接收波束接收发射机通过第一最佳发射波束成形的数据。
通过图1所示的过程实现了发射机和接收机的联合波束成形，可以提升接收机的接收能力以及通信链路的性能。
本实施例中，在上述步骤101之前，对于接收机侧预设的接收波束方案和发射机侧预设的发射波束方案，二者可以预先相互约定，相互约定的方式可以是二者交互预设的接收波束方案和发射波束方案；或者直接预先在二者上预存双方的方案，或者在一方上预先存储双方的方案然后发给对方等等。本实施例以二者交互预设的接收波束方案和发射波束方案为示例进行说明。具体的，本实施例中的发射波束方案和接收波束方案在接收机和发射机侧都做好约定，本实施例中具体可以码本的形式或者其他形式形成确定的发射波束集合和接收波束集合进行表征，分别作为发射机的发射能力和接收机的接收能力来进行描述。例如，本实施例中的发射机为基站，接收机为终端UE时，发射机的发射能力以系统消息的形式广播给终端，终端的接收能力通过各种CAT(ComputerAdaptiveTest)能力的形式通过信令经空口上报给基站。相反，当本实施例中的发射机为终端，接收机为基站时，终端在可以通过各种CAT 能力的形式将自己的发射能力通过信令经空口上报给基站，基站则可将接收能力以系统消息的形式广播给终端。
参见图2所示，在发射机侧，联合波束成形方法包括：
S201：发射机根据发射波束方案向接收机发送波束。
S202：发射机接收接收机根据接收到的波束确定出的第一最佳发射波束。
S203：发射机将待发送的数据通过第一最佳发射波束成形后发给接收机。
本实施例中，接收波束方案包括接收机侧的天线子集个数R(大于等于1)以及各子集对应的接收波束成形方式种数T(大于等于2)。本实施例中接收机侧天线子集个数R可以根据天线的个数，各天线之间的关系、波束形成方式种数以及具体的应用场景灵活设置。例如当接收机为终端，且终端的天线设置为4根(也可以设置为8根、16根或者32根等等)，R设置为2，参见图3所示，接收机侧的天线子集分别为S11和S12。
本实施例中，发射波束方案包括发射机侧的天线子集个数Q(大于等于1)以及各天线子集对应的发射波束成形方式种数S(大于等于2)。本实施例中接收机侧天线子集个数Q可以根据天线的个数，各天线之间的关系、波束形成方式种数以及具体的应用场景灵活设置。例如当接收机为基站，且终端的天线设置为256根(也可以设置为32根、64根、128根等等)，Q设置为4，也即每64根划为一个子集，参见图4所示，发射机侧的天线子集分别为S21、S22、S23、S24。
本实施例中接收机侧和发射机侧的各个天线子集之间可以灵活对应，例如可以设置发射机侧的某一个或多个子集对应接收机侧各个天线子集。
基于上述设置，对于发射机共有Q*S个发射波束方式，对于接收机共有R*T个接收波束成形方式。S202中发射机根据发射波束方案向接收机发送波束，具体为发射机根据上述设置的波束成形方案向接收机发送Q*S个的波束。S102中
接收机针对发射机发送的Q*S个的波束中的每一个波束，采用R*T个接收波束各自独立接收，这样接收机侧会接收到的Q*S*R*T个波束。然后接收机从接收到的Q*S*R*T个波束中确定出一个第一最佳发射波束和一个第一最佳接收波束。并至少将确定出的第一最佳发射波束反馈发射机侧。具体的，接收机可以通过将第一最佳发射波束和第一接收波束的索引信息反馈给发射机侧，以便发射机侧知道哪个为波束为最佳发射波束，哪个波束为最佳接收波束。
本实施例中从收到的Q*S*R*T个波束确定出最佳发射波束和最佳接收波束时可以采用各种选取原则。例如BFRS解调性能最佳原则。下面以一个具体选择示例进行说明。
对于第n个发射波束成形矢量Pm,n，第m个接收波束成形对应信道为Hm,n，其RS(小区特定参考信号)为Xm,n，对应的噪声和干扰为Nm,n，对应接收信号为Ym,n。则接收信号建模为，
Ym,n＝Hm,nPm,nXm,n+Nm,n；
接收成形波束矢量为Km,n，则：
Km,nYm,n＝Km,nHm,nPm,nXm,n+Km,nNm,n；
将其重新建模为：
Y′m,n＝H'm,nXm,n+N'm,n；
Figure PCTCN2017091465-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2017091465-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2017091465-appb-000003
取EVMm,n最小的对应的m,n为对应的接收和发射波束序号。
本实施例中的方案对于发射机和接收机之间为时分双工信道时或频分双工信道的场景都适用。当发射机和接收机之间的通道为时分双工信道时，由于时分双工信道具有互易的特征，因此接收机还可将第一最佳接收波束作为本端的最佳发射波束，接收机作为发射机时则可以向通将待发送数据利用第一最佳接收波束成形后发送给发射机，以供发射机通过第一最佳发射波束接收，也即此时的第一最佳发射波束为发射机的最佳接收波束。这样本实施例对于发射机和接收机之间的上行通道和下行通道都有引入波束成形。相对现有无线通信领域，在上行链路未能引入波束成形的方案，可以进一步提升通信链路性能，同时可以节省上行资源，减少发射机和接收机的处理，可以充分利用无线信道互易的特性，直接使用接收机的接收波束索引作为接收机上行发射时应用到数据的发射波束索引，使用发射机的发射波束索引作为接收接收机的数据信号的接收波束索引。
当发射机和接收机之间的通道为频分双工信道时，或者为时分双工信道但对精度要求比较高时，本实施例在图1和图2所示的基础上，还可以对上行通道引入波束成形的方案，参见图5所示，包括：
S501：接收机利用接收波束方案向发射机发射波束。该步骤中发射的波束包含R*T个。
S502：发射机对于接收机发射的R*T个波束中的每一个波束，都采用Q*S个的波束独立接收。
S503：发射机从接收到的Q*S*R*T个波束中确定出第二最佳发射波束和第二最佳接收波束。
S504：发射机将第二最佳发射波束反馈给接收机。
S505：接收机接收发射机根据接收到的波束确定出的第二最佳发射波束。
S506：接收机将待发送的数据通过第二最佳发射波束成形后发给发射机。
S507：发射机利用第二最佳接收波束接收接收机通过所述第二最佳发射波束成形的数据。
应当理解的是，本实施例中的发射机作为发射端或接收机作为发射端时，具体可以通过码分正交、时分正交、频分正交中的至少一种发射方式向对端发送波束。
另外，应当理解的是，本实施例中的接收机和发射机作为接收端时，可以动态的去对对端的发射波束进行接收确定出当前最佳的发射波束和接收波束；而对应的作为发射端的发射 机或接收机则动态的向对端发射相应的波束。例如定时发送或者按照其他规律动态发送。
为了更好的理解本公开，下面以接收机为终端，发送机为基站为例进行示例说明。
基于上述分析可知，本实施例中的发射机和接收机联合波束成形的方法是建立在反馈的基础上，因此，对于频分双工信道和时分双工信道系统都是适用的。另外，对于时分双工信道由于其能够满足无线信道上下行互易，因此，确定出最佳发射波束和最佳接收波束后可以直接互用。
下面分别按下行方向和上行方向展开进行示例说明
下行方向，即基站作为发射机，终端作为接收机。
基站的发射天线数目为M，终端UE的接收天线数目为N，一般来说，基站的天线数目往往是远大于UE的，比如M＝256，N＝8。因此，为了进行更加灵活的进行波束成形，可以将基站的天线可以分成几个子集，假设为Q个子集，每个子集使用S种发射波束成形方案，将UE的天线分成R个子集，每个子集使用T种接收波束成形方案。
本实施例中基站的发射波束以基站的BFRS(波束成形参考符号，Beam Forming RS)的物理信号形式(当然也不排除其他的表征方式)在空口发射，为所有此基站下的UE提供服务。为下行调度的灵活，BFRS占满整个带宽，并且支持把整个带宽分成几个部分分别进行波束成形。其中BFRS的发射，可以使用TDMA(time division multiple access，时分多址)正交发射，见图6所示，图中Ptx1至Ptx5为5个发射波束，其方向参见图6右侧所示。也可以使用CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access,码分多址)正交发射，见图7所示，还可使用FDMA(frequency division multiple access，频分多址)正交发射，见图8所示。
本实施例中的BFRS由基站按照下行的帧结构周期性的发射。UE在接收基站所发的信号时，针对基站发射Q*S个的每一个波束都用R*T个接收波束独立并行接收，UE处理后按照BFRS解调性能最佳原则，给出最佳的第一最佳发射波束索引和第一最佳接收波束索引，并且这2个索引可以以物理层信令的形式通知基站，此信令由UE通过上行控制信道进行上报。对于FDD见图9所示，对于TDD见图10所示。为给接收机和发射机的处理留出足够时延，Feedback ctrl和BFRS，以及data的时延分别记为τRX和τTX。图9和图10中的ctrl+BFRS+Data+Data构成一个帧。
发射机对于发射波束具体可以采用频分正交，时分正交和码分正交中的至少一种进行发送。
基站按照UE反馈的第一最佳发射波束索引，对针对此UE的下行数据data进行下行发射波束成形
UE使用选择的第一最佳接收波束进行接收的波束成形，接收下行data信号。
UE在做业务期间，可以周期性测量基站发的BFRS波束，做出最佳发射波束和最佳接收波束的选择，并以信令形式告知基站。该周期的设置可以根据具体的应用场景灵活设置。
基站根据UE的信令反馈，实时调整最佳第一接收波束索引，并根据最新的第一最佳发射波束应用在data的下行波束成形。
在上行方向，即基站作为接收机，终端作为发射机，此时对于FDD系统和TDD系统都 可以对最佳发射和最佳接收波束进行重新确定，具体过程如下。
本实例中上行与下行本质的不同在于，上行使用BFSounding信号来进行波束的探测与选择，并且这个BFSounding只有在UE做业务时才会进行发射，为便于上行调度，同样要求全带宽发射。由于上行资源存在限制，UE是否发射BFSounding，由基站通过下行控制信道进行动态调度。BFSounding同样可以参考下行使用频分正价，时分正交，或者码分正交中的至少一种发送。只要保持各个波束的正交这个大原则即可。以上机制同时适用于FDD和TDD系统。
本实施例中的BFSounding由终端向基站发送；基站针对终端发射R*T个的每一个波束都用Q*S个接收波束独立并行接收，基站处理后按照BFSounding解调性能最佳原则，给出最佳的第二最佳发射波束索引和第二最佳接收波束索引。
如上分析，对于TDD系统，为节省上行资源，同时减少发射机和接收机的处理，可以充分利用无线信道互易的特性，直接使用UE接收机的最佳接收波束索引作为UE上行发射时应用到data的最佳发射波束索引，使用基站的最佳发射波束索引作为接收UE的data信号的最佳接收波束索引。
实施例二：
本实施例提供了一种无线通信系统，参见图11所示，包括接收机1和发射机2。具体的，参见图12所示，接收机1包括：
第一接收模块12，用于采用接收波束方案接收发射机根据发射波束方案发送的波束。
第一解调模块13，用于根据接收到的波束确定出第一最佳发射波束和第一最佳接收波束。
第一反馈模块14，用于将确定结果反馈给发射机，确定结果至少包括第一最佳发射波束。
第一数据处理模块15，用于通过第一最佳接收波束接收发射机通过第一最佳发射波束成形的数据。
本实施例中，对于接收机侧预设的接收波束方案和发射机侧预设的发射波束方案，二者可以预先相互约定，相互约定的方式可以是二者交互预设的接收波束方案和发射波束方案；或者直接预先在二者上预存双方的方案，或者在一方上预先存储双方的方案然后发给对方等等。本实施例以二者交互预设的接收波束方案和发射波束方案为示例进行说明。此时本实施例中的接收机1还包括第一交互模块11，用于与发射机交互预设的接收波束方案和发射波束方案。本实施例中具体可以码本的形式或者其他形式形成确定的发射波束集合和接收波束集合进行表征，分别作为发射机的发射能力和接收机的接收能力来进行描述。例如，本实施例中的发射机为基站，接收机为终端UE时，发射机将发射能力以系统消息的形式广播给终端，终端的第一交互模块11接收能力通过各种CAT(Category)能力的形式通过信令经空口上报给基站。
通过图12所示的接收机1可以与发射机2联合波束成形，可以提升接收机的接收能力以及通信链路的性能。
本实施例中接收波束方案包括接收机侧的天线子集个数R(大于等于1)以及各子集对 应的接收波束成形方式种数T(大于等于2)。发射波束方案包括发射机侧的天线子集个数Q(大于等于1)以及各天线子集对应的发射波束成形方式种数S(大于等于2)。本实施例中天线子集个数可以根据天线的个数，各天线之间的关系、波束形成方式种数以及具体的应用场景灵活设置。
基于上述设置，对于发射机共有Q*S个发射波束方式，对于接收机共有R*T个接收波束成形方式。发射机根据发射波束方案向接收机发送波束，具体为发射机根据上述设置的波束成形方案向接收机发送Q*S个的波束。第一接收模块12针对发射机发送的Q*S个的波束中的每一个波束，采用R*T个接收波束各自独立接收，这样接收机侧会接收到的Q*S*R*T个波束。然后第一解调模块13从接收到的Q*S*R*T个波束中确定出一个第一最佳发射波束和一个第一最佳接收波束。第一反馈模块14至少将确定出的第一最佳发射波束反馈发射机侧。具体的，第一反馈模块14可以通过将第一最佳发射波束和第一接收波束的索引信息反馈给发射机侧，以便发射机侧知道哪个为波束为最佳发射波束，哪个波束为最佳接收波束。
本实施例中的方案对于发射机和接收机之间为时分双工信道时或频分双工信道的场景都适用。当发射机和接收机之间的通道为时分双工信道时，由于时分双工信道具有互易的特征，因此第一数据处理模块15还可将第一最佳接收波束作为本端的最佳发射波束，接收机作为发射机时则可以向通将待发送数据利用第一最佳接收波束成形后发送给发射机，以供发射机通过第一最佳发射波束接收，也即此时的第一最佳发射波束为发射机的最佳接收波束。这样本实施例对于发射机和接收机之间的上行通道和下行通道都有引入波束成形。相对现有无线通信领域，在上行链路未能引入波束成形的方案，可以进一步提升通信链路性能，同时可以节省上行资源，减少发射机和接收机的处理，可以充分利用无线信道互易的特性，直接使用接收机的接收波束索引作为接收机上行发射时应用到数据的发射波束索引，使用发射机的发射波束索引作为接收接收机的数据信号的接收波束索引。
当发射机和接收机之间的通道为频分双工信道时，或者为时分双工信道但对精度要求比较高时，本实施例还可以对上行通道引入波束成形的方案，参见图13所示，接收机1还包括：
第一发射模块16，用于利用接收波束方案向发射机发射波束；该步骤中发射的波束包含R*T个。
第一反馈接收模块17，用于接收发射机根据接收到的波束确定出的第二最佳发射波束。
第一数据发送模块18，用于将待发送的数据通过第二最佳发射波束成形后发给发射机。
本实施例中，第一接收模块12可以动态的发射端的发射波束进行接收确定出当前最佳的发射波束和接收波束。
参见图14所示，本实施例提供的发射机2，包括：
第二发射模块22，用于根据发射波束方案向接收机发送波束。对于发射机共有Q*S个发射波束方式。本实施例中的第二发射模块22具体可以通过周期性或者采用其他动态方式发送。
第二反馈接收模块23，用于接收接收机根据接收到的波束确定出的第一最佳发射波束。
第二数据发送模块24，用于将待发送的数据通过第一最佳发射波束成形后发给接收机。
当发射机和接收机之间的通道为频分双工信道时，或者为时分双工信道但对精度要求比较高时，本实施例还可以对上行通道引入波束成形的方案，参见图15所示的发射机2，还包括：
第二接收模块25，用于采用发射波束方案接收接收机利用接收波束方案发射的波束；具体的，对于接收机发射的R*T个波束中的每一个波束，都采用Q*S个的波束独立接收。
第二解调模块26，用于根据接收到的波束确定出第二最佳发射波束和第二最佳接收波束；具体从接收到的Q*S*R*T个波束中确定出第二最佳发射波束和第二最佳接收波束。
第二反馈模块27，用于将第二最佳发射波束反馈给接收机。
第二数据处理模块28，用于利用第二最佳接收波束接收接收机通过第二最佳发射波束成形的数据。
本实施例中的发射机2还可包括第二交互模块21，用于与接收机交互预设的发射波束方案和接收波束方案.
应当理解的是，本实施例中的发射机可以为基站，接收机可以为终端，且对于下行方向来说，基站为发射端，终端为接收端；相反，在上行方向，基站为接收端，终端为发送端。对应的上述各模块的功能可以由终端或基站中的处理器或控制器实现。下面解决具体的应用场景示例对本公开做进一步说明。
场景一：以FDD系统为例，基站为发射机，终端UE为接收机，阐述下行联合波束成形的实现。
设基站的发射天线数目为64，UE的接收天线数目为8，基站发射波束使用1个集合，含16种波束成形方式，UE接收波束使用1个集合，含2种波束成形方式。波束成形过程参见图16所示，包括：
S161：基站BFRS使用FDMA发射，见图17所示。
S162：UE针对每一个发射波束做2路并行接收，并分别做BFRS解调处理。
S163：UE比较BFRS的32种解调处理结果，确定第一最佳发射波束索引和第一最佳接收波束索引，假设结果是发射波束6和接收波束2最佳。
S164：UE在上行控制信道上做信令反馈，告知基站发射波束6和接收波束2最佳。
S165：基站根据反馈结果，采用发射波束6对数据进行成形。
S166：UE使用接收波束2进行下行接收。
S167：按照帧结构确定的时序，UE进行周期性测量和反馈。
S168：基站根据反馈结果实时调整针对数据的波束成形。
场景二：以FDD系统为例，基站为发射机，终端UE为接收机，阐述上行联合波束成形的实现。
设基站的发射天线数目为64，UE的接收天线数目为8，基站发射波束使用1个集合，含16种波束成形方式，UE接收波束使用1个集合，含2种波束成形方式。波束成形过程参见图18所示，包括：
S181：UE按照基站的调度发射上行的BFSounding信号，见图19所示。
S182：基站针对每一个发射波束做16路并行接收。
S183：基站比较BFSounding的32种解调处理结果，确定发射波束索引和接收波束索引，假设结果是发射波束1和接收波束5最优。
S184：基站在下行控制信道上调度UE的发射成形信息。
S185：UE根据调度信息，采用发射波束1对数据进行成形。
S186：基站使用接收波束5进行下行接收。
S187：按照基站的调度，UE发射BFSounding。
S188：基站接收测量BFSounding，决策发射波束索引和接收波束索引。
S189：基站通过下行控制信道调度UE。
S1810：UE按照调度要求，使用调度信息所含的发射波束索引进行数据的成形。
本领域的技术人员应该明白，上述本公开实施例的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上，可选地，它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而，可以将它们存储在计算机存储介质(ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。所以，本公开不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本公开实施例所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本公开的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本公开所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本公开的保护范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种联合波束成形方法，包括：
    接收机采用预设接收波束方案接收发射机根据预设发射波束方案发送的波束；
    所述接收机根据接收到的波束确定出第一最佳发射波束和第一最佳接收波束；
    所述接收机将确定结果反馈给所述发射机，所述确定结果至少包括所述第一最佳发射波束；
    所述接收机通过所述第一最佳接收波束接收所述发射机通过所述第一最佳发射波束成形的数据。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的联合波束成形方法，其中，所述接收波束方案包括所述接收机侧的天线子集个数R以及各子集对应的接收波束成形方式种数T；所述发射波束方案包括发射机侧的天线子集个数Q以及各天线子集对应的发射波束成形方式种数S；所述R、Q取大于等于1的整数，所述T、S取大于等于2的整数；
    所述接收机针对所述发射机发送的Q*S个的波束中的每一个波束，采用R*T个接收波束各自独立接收；
    所述接收机从接收到的Q*S*R*T个波束中确定出第一最佳发射波束和第一最佳接收波束。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的联合波束成形方法，其中，当所述接收机与所述发射机之间的信道为时分双工信道时，所述方法还包括：
    所述接收机将所述第一最佳接收波束作为本端的最佳发射波束，将待发送数据利用所述第一最佳接收波束成形后发送给所述发射机，以供所述发射机通过所述第一最佳发射波束接收。
  4. 如权利要求1或2所述的联合波束成形方法，其中，所述接收波束方案和所述发射波束方案为所述接收机和所述发射机预先约定的方案，所述方法还包括：
    所述接收机利用所述接收波束方案向所述发射机发射波束；
    所述接收机接收所述发射机根据接收到的波束确定出的第二最佳发射波束；
    所述接收机将待发送的数据通过所述第二最佳发射波束成形后发给所述发射机。
  5. 如权利要求1或2所述的联合波束成形方法，其中，所述接收机为终端，所述发送机为基站。
  6. 一种联合波束成形方法，包括：
    发射机根据预设发射波束方案向接收机发送波束；
    所述发射机接收所述接收机根据接收到的波束确定出的第一最佳发射波束；
    所述发射机将待发送的数据通过所述第一最佳发射波束成形后发给所述接收机。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的联合波束成形方法，其中，包括：当所述接收机与所述发射机之间的信道为时分双工信道时，所述方法还包括：
    所述发射机通过所述第一最佳发射波束接收所述接收机通过第一最佳接收波束成形 的数据；所述第一最佳接收波束为所述接收机根据接收到的波束确定的。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的联合波束成形方法，其中，还包括：
    所述发射机采用所述发射波束方案接收所述接收机利用所述接收波束方案发射的波束；
    所述发射机根据接收到的波束确定出第二最佳发射波束和第二最佳接收波束；
    所述发射机将所述第二最佳发射波束反馈给所述接收机；
    所述发射机利用所述第二最佳接收波束接收所述接收机通过所述第二最佳发射波束成形的数据。
  9. 如权利要求6-8任一项所述的联合波束成形方法，其中，所述发射机动态的根据所述发射波束方案向所述接收机发送波束。
  10. 如权利要求6-8任一项所述的联合波束成形方法，其中，所述发射机通过码分正交、时分正交、频分正交中的至少一种发射方式向所述接收机发送所述波束。
  11. 一种接收机，包括：
    第一接收模块，用于采用预设接收波束方案接收发射机根据预设发射波束方案发送的波束；
    第一解调模块，用于根据接收到的波束确定出第一最佳发射波束和第一最佳接收波束；
    第一反馈模块，用于将确定结果反馈给所述发射机，所述确定结果至少包括所述第一最佳发射波束；
    第一数据处理模块，用于通过所述第一最佳接收波束接收所述发射机通过所述第一最佳发射波束成形的数据。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的接收机，其中，还包括：
    第一发射模块，用于利用所述接收波束方案向所述发射机发射波束；
    第一反馈接收模块，用于接收所述发射机根据接收到的波束确定出的第二最佳发射波束；
    第一数据发送模块，用于将待发送的数据通过所述第二最佳发射波束成形后发给所述发射机。
  13. 一种发射机，包括：
    第二发射模块，用于根据预设发射波束方案向所述接收机发送波束；
    第二反馈接收模块，用于接收所述接收机根据接收到的波束确定出的第一最佳发射波束；
    第二数据发送模块，用于将待发送的数据通过所述第一最佳发射波束成形后发给所述接收机。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的发射机，其中，还包括：
    第二接收模块，用于采用所述发射波束方案接收所述接收机利用所述接收波束方案发 射的波束；
    第二解调模块，用于根据接收到的波束确定出第二最佳发射波束和第二最佳接收波束；
    第二反馈模块，用于将所述第二最佳发射波束反馈给所述接收机；
    第二数据处理模块，用于利用所述第二最佳接收波束接收所述接收机通过所述第二最佳发射波束成形的数据。
PCT/CN2017/091465 2016-08-18 2017-07-03 联合波束成形方法、发射机以及接收机 WO2018032892A1 (zh)

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