WO2018028358A1 - 实现编队飞行的方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents
实现编队飞行的方法、装置及系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018028358A1 WO2018028358A1 PCT/CN2017/091898 CN2017091898W WO2018028358A1 WO 2018028358 A1 WO2018028358 A1 WO 2018028358A1 CN 2017091898 W CN2017091898 W CN 2017091898W WO 2018028358 A1 WO2018028358 A1 WO 2018028358A1
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 319
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 46
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- 241000257161 Calliphoridae Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004397 blinking Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 216
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 208000035473 Communicable disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/10—Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/10—Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions
- G05D1/101—Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions specially adapted for aircraft
- G05D1/104—Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions specially adapted for aircraft involving a plurality of aircrafts, e.g. formation flying
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of aircraft control technology, and more particularly to a method for implementing formation flying, a device for implementing formation flying, and a system for implementing formation flying.
- UAV The UAV is abbreviated as "UAV", which is a non-manned aircraft operated by radio remote control equipment and its own program control device. UAVs can be divided into military and civilian applications according to the application field.
- Formation flight means that more than two drones fly in a certain formation or arrangement.
- the basic formation formations are wedges, echelons, cross teams and columns.
- the traditional formation strategy is the "long-machine-down" approach. This formation strategy is based on a preset formation structure. By adjusting the heading speed, heading angle and altitude tracking of the long plane, the downtime is adjusted to maintain the formation formation. the goal of. When the long-range aircraft chooses the flight state, it should give the machine room to correct the deviation. The downtime should be closely coordinated with the long-range machine. In flight, the long-range machine issues instructions to change the team plan and the relative position of each machine.
- This formation strategy requires high performance for long-haul aircraft. It requires a specially configured drone to be competent, and the threat avoidance capability is insufficient. Especially when the long-range machine is disturbed, there will be unpredictable confusion.
- the embodiments of the present invention provide a method, a device, and a system for implementing formation flying, which can improve the autonomy of each aircraft in a formation flight, and facilitate the control personnel to perform formation control.
- One aspect of the present invention provides a method of implementing formation flying, including:
- starting a formation transformation task acquiring first position information of the first calibration point in the map, and second position information of the second calibration point in the map; the first calibration point and the second calibration point belong to the first a formation, number one a point in the second formation;
- the second location information plan to change from the first formation to the flight path of the second formation
- Another aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for implementing formation flying, comprising:
- a position recognition module configured to acquire first position information of the first calibration point in the map and second position information of the second calibration point in the map after starting the formation transformation task; the first calibration point The second calibration point belongs to the first formation and the second formation;
- a path planning module configured to plan, according to the first location information and the second location information, a flight path that is changed from the first formation to the second formation;
- a path information sending module configured to respectively send corresponding flight path information to each aircraft in the formation cluster, so that each aircraft in the formation cluster flies according to the corresponding flight path information for formation transformation
- the present invention also provides a system for implementing formation flight, comprising an aircraft that forms a formation cluster, a control terminal that controls the aircraft, and the aircraft is communicatively coupled to the control terminal;
- the control terminal is pre-configured with a display module and application software, the application software is capable of establishing a formation flight task, and the display module is capable of displaying the formation flight mission information; wherein the application software includes a location recognition module, a path planning module and a path information sending module;
- the location identification module is configured to start a formation transformation task, obtain first location information of the first calibration point in the map, and second location information of the second calibration point in the map; the first calibration point, The second calibration point belongs to a point in the first formation and the second formation respectively; the path planning module is configured to change from the first formation to the second formation according to the first location information and the second location information plan.
- the path information sending module is configured to respectively send corresponding flight path information to each aircraft in the formation cluster; [0017] the aircraft is configured to receive the flight path information, and fly according to the corresponding flight path information. Perform a formation transformation.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system environment for implementing a method of formation flying according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for implementing formation flying according to an embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of another embodiment of a method for implementing formation flying
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for implementing formation flying according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system environment for implementing a method of formation flying according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a control terminal 10 and a plurality of aircraft 20 are included; the control terminal 10 communicates with a plurality of aircraft 20 via a relay device 30.
- the relay device 30 and the aircraft 20 are each provided with a wireless communication module, and the two-way information flow between the control terminal 10 and the aircraft 20 is transmitted through the relay device, and the wireless communication module is a wifi wireless module or a ZigBee wireless module.
- the ground station application software is pre-configured in the system of the control terminal 10.
- the control terminal 10 includes a processor, a display module, a communication interface, a power interface, and a memory connected through a system bus.
- the user can establish a formation flight mission through the ground station application software to realize formation flight of multiple aircrafts, and the display module can be used to display the formation flight mission information, including displaying the position marker of the aircraft in the map and the state information of the aircraft. Formation flight paths of formation clusters, etc.
- Communication interface for relay and relay The backup 30 is connected and communicated, and the power interface is used to connect with an external power source through which the external power source supplies power to the control terminal 10.
- the control terminal 10 may be the PC listed in FIG. 1, or may be any other device having the above structure. In conjunction with the environmental schematic shown in FIG. 1, the following describes various embodiments of a method for implementing formation flying and a device for implementing formation flying.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for implementing formation flying in an embodiment; in this embodiment, the method is applied to the control terminal shown in FIG. 1 as an example for description.
- the method for implementing formation flying in this embodiment includes the steps of:
- Sl l starting a formation transformation task, acquiring first location information of the first calibration point in the map, and second location information of the second calibration point in the map; the first calibration point and the second calibration point Points belonging to the first formation and the second formation respectively;
- the ground station application software of the control terminal needs to preload the corresponding map, and the operator performs setting of the formation task based on the map.
- the formation setting may be performed, and a plurality of calibration points may be selected in the map, and the expected formation (pattern) is formed by the plurality of calibration points; in the setting of the formation task, multiple tasks may be set, and each task corresponds to A formation.
- the ground station application software obtains geographic location information corresponding to each calibration point based on the location of each calibration point in the map. For the two-dimensional map, the longitude and latitude information corresponding to each calibration point can be obtained. For the three-dimensional map, the longitude, latitude and altitude information corresponding to each calibration point can be obtained.
- the first formation refers to the current formation
- the second formation refers to the next target formation
- the calibration point belonging to the current formation is the first calibration point, and belongs to the next
- the calibration point in the target formation is the second calibration point.
- the formation transformation task is started, that is, the task of transforming from the current formation to the next target formation is started. .
- the flight path from the first formation to the second formation is planned according to the first location information and the second location information.
- the position information (first position information) of each calibration point in the current formation and the position information of each calibration point in the map in the next target formation may be obtained.
- (Second position information) the transformation path planning of the current formation to the next target formation. Path planning methods include, but are not limited to, the principle of minimum distance, the principle of minimum formation consumption, or a combination of the two.
- S13. Send corresponding flight path information to each aircraft in the formation cluster, respectively, so that each aircraft in the formation cluster flies according to the corresponding flight path information to perform a formation transformation.
- data transmission and reception is performed by a relay device and an aircraft participating in a formation flight, which is advantageous for increasing the communication distance and improving the reliability of data transmission and reception.
- an ID for identifying an identity of each aircraft in the formation cluster may be set in advance, and each aircraft in the formation cluster is marked by the ID of each aircraft, and the formation is separately performed.
- Each aircraft in the cluster sends corresponding flight path information to accurately control the corresponding aircraft to prevent confusion.
- the step of forming a formation cluster is further included.
- the method includes: sending a connection instruction to a plurality of pre-associated aircrafts respectively to request acquisition of initial state information of each aircraft and initial position information; receiving response information of each aircraft to the connection instruction, and determining each aircraft according to initial state information of the aircraft Whether the formation flight conditions are met, and the formation cluster is formed according to the aircraft satisfying the formation flight conditions; and the initial position markers of the respective aircrafts in the formation cluster are displayed on the map.
- the initial state information includes remaining battery information, and the aircraft flight condition is satisfied only when the remaining power of the aircraft is greater than or equal to the set threshold. Otherwise, the formation flight condition is not met, and the queue is excluded from the formation cluster. That is, they do not participate in formation flying.
- each aircraft is also marked in the interactive interface of the ground station software according to the response of each aircraft to the connection command. For example, for an aircraft that successfully returns response information to the connection command, its flag is displayed in green and flashes a reminder that the aircraft is "alive” and its "heartbeat” is normal; for not responding to the connection command The information of the aircraft, its mark is displayed in gray, indicating that the aircraft is "dead", and "heartbeat” stops; for aircraft that successfully return response information to the connection command, but does not meet the formation flight conditions, mark it It is green but not flashing, indicating that the aircraft is "alive” but the "heartbeat” is weak.
- the step of controlling the aircraft to unlock to fly to the designated starting target position is further included.
- the method includes: acquiring preset start target position information and generating a corresponding unlocked takeoff instruction; respectively, respectively, to each aircraft in the formation cluster
- the unlocking takeoff command is sent, so that each aircraft is unlocked and flies to a corresponding starting target position according to a preset takeoff enthalpy difference/takeoff height difference.
- the operator can set the starting target position through the ground station software.
- the individual aircraft participating in the formation need to be unlocked, and the controller flies to the specified starting target position.
- the ground station software controls each aircraft to unlock and fly to the corresponding starting target position according to a preset takeoff height difference. That is, the current aircraft takes off to a certain height, such as 5 meters, and the latter aircraft begins to unlock and take off. It can be understood that the order of unlocking the aircraft can be sorted from small to large with reference to its order of numbers.
- the unlocking takeoff control ends and enters the formation preparation phase. Then, when the formation transformation task is started for the first time, the initial target position of each aircraft in the formation cluster is taken as the current formation shape, and according to the above steps S11-S13 of the embodiment, each aircraft is controlled to change from its starting position. To the default first formation (ie the next target formation).
- the current position information of each aircraft in the formation cluster may also be received according to the first inter-cycle period, and according to The current position of each aircraft dynamically updates its marked display position on the map so that the operator can grasp the flight dynamics of the aircraft.
- a set threshold ie, the safe distance of the flight of the aircraft
- the return navigation commands may be respectively sent to the respective aircrafts in the formation cluster, so that each aircraft returns to the initial takeoff point and then falls after receiving the return flight instruction.
- the initial takeoff point may be the starting target position.
- the ground station software fully utilizes the autonomy of each flight path by means of the relay device separately communicating with each aircraft, which is beneficial to improving the threat avoidance capability of the formation, and also provides convenience for controlling the formation task. .
- FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for implementing formation flight in another embodiment; in this embodiment, an interaction applied to the control terminal and the aircraft shown in FIG. 1 is taken as an example for description.
- the method for implementing formation flying in this embodiment includes the steps of:
- the control terminal sends a connection instruction to each of the associated multiple aircrafts.
- the aircraft receives the connection instruction, and returns response information including initial state information and an initial location signal.
- the control terminal groups a cluster according to a response information component of the aircraft.
- the control terminal sends an unlocking takeoff instruction to each aircraft in the formation cluster.
- the method includes: acquiring preset initial target location information and generating a corresponding unlocked takeoff instruction; and sending the unlocked takeoff instruction to each of the aircrafts in the queued cluster.
- Each of the aircrafts in the cluster receives the unlocked takeoff command, and hovering after reaching a preset starting target height.
- each aircraft is sequentially unlocked and flies to a corresponding starting target position according to a preset takeoff enthalpy difference/takeoff height difference.
- step S204 detecting whether all the aircraft have reached the corresponding starting target position, and if yes, unlocking the takeoff end, starting the first formation transformation task, proceeds to step S205; otherwise, continuing to wait until the last aircraft arrives at the corresponding Starting destination.
- S205 acquiring first location information of the first calibration point in the map, and second location information of the second calibration point in the map; the first calibration point and the second calibration point belong to the current formation and the lower a point in a target formation; planning a flight path from the current formation to the next target formation according to the first position information and the second position information;
- S206 Send corresponding flight path information to each aircraft in the formation cluster respectively.
- Each aircraft in the cluster receives corresponding flight path information, performs flight according to the flight path information, and reaches a corresponding calibration point in the next target formation, hovering.
- S304 transmitting current location information of the aircraft to the control terminal according to the set first inter-cycle period, and transmitting current state information of the aircraft to the control terminal according to the set second inter-cycle period;
- S207 performing preset barrier logic according to current location information of the aircraft
- step S208 is performed, otherwise, step S209 is performed;
- the flag on the map may be dynamically updated according to the current location of each aircraft. Record the display position.
- S208 Optimize flight paths of the corresponding two aircrafts, and separately send the optimized flight path information to the corresponding two aircrafts, so that the aircraft performs flight according to the optimized flight path information.
- S209 respectively, detecting whether each aircraft in the formation cluster reaches a corresponding second calibration point in the next target formation, and if so, controlling the corresponding aircraft to hover; and determining whether all the aircrafts in the formation cluster reach the next target formation The corresponding second calibration point; if yes, updating the current formation and the next target formation, starting a new formation transformation task.
- steps S207 and S209 in this embodiment is not limited to the above sequence, and the two parts can also be executed in parallel.
- a new formation transformation process is performed with reference to the above-described formation transformation process, and the illustration of the portion is omitted in the figure.
- each formation transformation process if it is determined that all the aircraft in the formation cluster reach the corresponding second calibration point.
- the preset controller can also be activated, and when the setting of the controller is reached, the next formation transformation task is started. That is to say, all the aircrafts in the formation cluster will remain in the formation shape during the setting day, and the formation display effect will be improved.
- each of the formation transformation processes after determining that all the aircraft in the formation cluster reach the corresponding second calibration point, respectively, the respective aircraft in the formation cluster may be sent to the bright The light command, after receiving the lighting command, each of the aircraft controls the indicator light on the aircraft to be on/blinking to further improve the formation display effect.
- each formation transformation it is also necessary to identify whether the aircraft enters a returning state according to current state information of each aircraft; if it is determined that an aircraft in the formation cluster enters a returning state, The aircraft is removed from the formation cluster so that it is no longer necessary to determine whether the corresponding aircraft has reached the corresponding position during the subsequent formation transformation.
- the present invention also provides an apparatus for implementing a fleet flight, which apparatus can be used to perform the above-described method of implementing formation flying.
- an apparatus for implementing a fleet flight which apparatus can be used to perform the above-described method of implementing formation flying.
- the illustrated structure does not constitute a limitation on the apparatus, and may include More or fewer parts are shown, or some parts are combined, or different parts are arranged.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for implementing formation flying according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the apparatus for implementing formation flying in this embodiment includes: a location identification module 410, a path planning module 420, The path information sending module 430, each module is as follows:
- the location identification module 410 is configured to: obtain a first location information of the first calibration point in the map, and second location information of the second calibration point in the map after starting the formation transformation task; The calibration point and the second calibration point belong to the first formation and the second formation respectively;
- the path planning module 420 is configured to plan, according to the first location information, the second location information, a flight path that is changed from the first formation to the second formation;
- the path sending information sending module 430 is configured to respectively send corresponding flight path information to each aircraft in the formation cluster, so that each aircraft in the formation cluster flies according to the corresponding flight path information to perform a formation transformation.
- the device for implementing formation flying further includes: an unlocking control module 440, configured to acquire preset initial target position information and generate a corresponding unlocked takeoff instruction;
- Each of the aircraft in the cluster sends the unlocked takeoff command, so that each aircraft is unlocked and flies to a corresponding starting target position according to a preset takeoff enthalpy difference/takeoff height difference.
- the device for implementing formation flying further includes: a cluster construction module 450, configured to respectively send connection instructions to the associated plurality of aircrafts to request acquisition of initial state information and initial positions of the respective aircrafts.
- the information is further configured to receive response information of the respective aircraft to the connection instruction; determine, according to the initial state information of the aircraft, whether each of the aircraft meets the formation flight condition, and form a formation cluster according to the aircraft that meets the formation flight condition.
- the location identification module 410 is further configured to display an initial location identifier of each aircraft in the formation cluster on a map.
- the location identification module 410 is further configured to follow the set first inter-circle The period receives the current position information of each aircraft in the formation cluster; and dynamically updates its mark display position on the map according to the current position of each aircraft.
- the device for implementing formation flight further includes: a path optimization module 460, configured to detect, according to current location information of each aircraft in the received formation cluster, whether the distance between the two aircrafts is If it is, the flight path of the corresponding two aircrafts is optimized; correspondingly, the path information sending module 430 is further configured to separately send the optimized flight path information to the corresponding two aircrafts.
- a path optimization module 460 configured to detect, according to current location information of each aircraft in the received formation cluster, whether the distance between the two aircrafts is If it is, the flight path of the corresponding two aircrafts is optimized; correspondingly, the path information sending module 430 is further configured to separately send the optimized flight path information to the corresponding two aircrafts.
- the device for implementing formation flying further includes: a task starting module 470, configured to respectively detect, according to current location information of each aircraft in the received formation cluster, whether each aircraft reaches a corresponding first The second calibration point, if yes, controls the corresponding aircraft hovering; and is used to determine whether all the aircraft in the formation cluster have reached the corresponding second calibration point; if so, start a new formation transformation task.
- a task starting module 470 configured to respectively detect, according to current location information of each aircraft in the received formation cluster, whether each aircraft reaches a corresponding first The second calibration point, if yes, controls the corresponding aircraft hovering; and is used to determine whether all the aircraft in the formation cluster have reached the corresponding second calibration point; if so, start a new formation transformation task.
- the task initiation module 470 includes a calibration unit, and the calibration unit is configured to start a preset calibration device after determining that all the aircrafts in the formation cluster reach the corresponding second calibration point. When the setting of the timer is reached, a new formation transformation task is started.
- the task activation module 470 includes a lighting control unit, and the lighting control unit is configured to respectively perform a formation cluster after determining that all the aircrafts in the formation cluster reach the corresponding second calibration point.
- Each of the aircraft transmits a lighting command, so that the respective aircraft controls its carrying indicator to light/blink after receiving the lighting command.
- the device for implementing formation flying further includes: a cluster updating module (not shown), configured to receive current state information of each aircraft in the formation cluster according to the second inter-cycle period, According to the current state information, it is determined whether the aircraft enters the returning state; if it is determined that an aircraft in the formation cluster enters the returning state, the aircraft is removed from the formation cluster, so that the aircraft does not participate in the subsequent formation transformation task.
- a cluster updating module (not shown), configured to receive current state information of each aircraft in the formation cluster according to the second inter-cycle period, According to the current state information, it is determined whether the aircraft enters the returning state; if it is determined that an aircraft in the formation cluster enters the returning state, the aircraft is removed from the formation cluster, so that the aircraft does not participate in the subsequent formation transformation task.
- the device for implementing formation flight further includes: a return control module 480, configured to respectively send a return instruction to each aircraft in the formation cluster, so that each aircraft returns to take off after receiving the return instruction. Point over and then land.
- a return control module 480 configured to respectively send a return instruction to each aircraft in the formation cluster, so that each aircraft returns to take off after receiving the return instruction. Point over and then land.
- each module/unit The content of the information exchange, the execution process, and the like are the same as the foregoing method embodiments of the present invention, and the technical effects of the foregoing method embodiments are the same as the foregoing method embodiments of the present invention.
- the description in the method embodiment of the present invention. will not repeat them here.
- each functional module is merely an example, and the actual application may be required according to requirements, for example, the configuration requirements of the corresponding hardware or the implementation of the software. It is considered that the above-mentioned function assignment is completed by different functional modules, that is, the internal structure of the device for implementing formation flying is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
- Each function module can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software function module.
- the first calibration point after starting the formation transformation task, acquiring first location information of the first calibration point in the map and second location information of the second calibration point in the map; the first calibration point, The second calibration points belong to the first formation and the second formation; respectively, according to the first position information and the second position information plan, the first formation changes to the second formation flight path;
- Each aircraft in the cluster transmits corresponding flight path information, so that each aircraft in the formation cluster flies according to the corresponding flight path information for formation transformation. Due to the separate communication with each aircraft, charging The points play autonomous role in each flight path, and also provide convenience for controlling the formation tasks. Therefore, it has industrial applicability.
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