WO2018026817A1 - Dispositif d'allumage à effet couronne à joint d'étanchéité amélioré - Google Patents

Dispositif d'allumage à effet couronne à joint d'étanchéité amélioré Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018026817A1
WO2018026817A1 PCT/US2017/044904 US2017044904W WO2018026817A1 WO 2018026817 A1 WO2018026817 A1 WO 2018026817A1 US 2017044904 W US2017044904 W US 2017044904W WO 2018026817 A1 WO2018026817 A1 WO 2018026817A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrically conductive
amount
glass seal
glass
seal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2017/044904
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Keith Firstenberg
William J. Walker, Jr.
Patrick J. DURHAM
James D. Lykowski
Original Assignee
Federal-Mogul Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US15/225,341 external-priority patent/US9685767B2/en
Application filed by Federal-Mogul Llc filed Critical Federal-Mogul Llc
Priority to CN201780060722.8A priority Critical patent/CN109803935A/zh
Priority to JP2019505175A priority patent/JP2019528224A/ja
Priority to EP17754533.2A priority patent/EP3490949A1/fr
Priority to KR1020197005922A priority patent/KR20190039418A/ko
Publication of WO2018026817A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018026817A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/34—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the mounting of electrodes in insulation, e.g. by embedding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C11/00—Multi-cellular glass ; Porous or hollow glass or glass particles
    • C03C11/007—Foam glass, e.g. obtained by incorporating a blowing agent and heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C14/00—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix
    • C03C14/004—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix the non-glass component being in the form of particles or flakes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C03C27/02—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing by fusing glass directly to metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
    • C03C3/064—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron
    • C03C3/066—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron containing zinc
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
    • C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
    • C03C8/04—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing zinc
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
    • C03C8/18—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions containing free metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/24—Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions, i.e. for use as seals between dissimilar materials, e.g. glass and metal; Glass solders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/14—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material
    • H01B1/16—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/50—Sparking plugs having means for ionisation of gap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
    • H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to glass seals for ignition devices, and more particular to corona igniters including glass seals, and methods of forming the same.
  • Glass seals are oftentimes used to form a hermetic bond between an electrically conductive component, such as central electrode, and an insulator of an ignition device, for example a corona igniter.
  • the glass seal of the corona igniter is typically formed by disposing a glass powder in a bore of die insulator, and then subsequently firing the insulator, central electrode, and glass powder together in a furnace. The heat also causes certain components of the glass seal to expand and thus form the hermetic bond between the insulator and central electrode.
  • One aspect of the invention provides an electrically conductive glass seal having an electrical conductivity ranging from 9 x 10 6 S/m to 65 x 10 6 S/m for providing a hermetic bond between an electrically conductive component and an insulator of a corona igniter.
  • the glass seal includes at least one glass in a total amount of 50.0 to 90.0 weight percent (wt %), and electrically conductive metal particles in an amount of 10.0 to 50.0 wL %, based on the total weight of the glass seal.
  • the glass seal also includes gas-filled pores in an amount of 25.0 to 75.0 volume percent (vol. %) based on the total volume of the glass
  • a corona igniter including an insulator surrounding an electrically conductive component; and an electrically conductive glass seal providing a hermetic bond between the electrically conductive component and the insulator.
  • the electrically conductive glass seal includes at least one glass in a total amount of 50.0 to 90.0 wL % and electrically conductive metal particles in an amount of 10.0 to 50.0 wL %, based on the total weight of the glass seal.
  • the glass seal has an electrical conductivity ranging from 9 x 10 6 S/m to 65 x 10 6 S/m.
  • the glass seal also includes gas- filled pores in an amount of 25.0 to 75.0 vol. %, based on the total volume of the glass seal.
  • Yet another aspect of the invention provides a method of manufacturing a glass seal for a corona igniter.
  • the method includes providing a mixture Including at least one glass frit in a total amount of 48.8 to 90.0 wt %, a binder In an amount of 0.1 to 3.0 wt %, an expansion agent in an amount of 0.1 to 1.0 wt % and electrically conductive metal particles in an amount of 14.8 to 50.0 wt %, based on the total weight of the mixture.
  • the method further includes firing the mixture to form the glass seal, wherein the glass seal has an electrical conductivity ringing from 9 x 10 6 S/m to 65 x 10 6 S/m.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of rnanufacturing a corona igniter including an electrically conductive glass seal providing a hermetic bond between an electrically conductive component and an insulator.
  • the method Includes disposing a mixture between the electrically conductive component and the insulator, wherein the mixture comprises at least one glass frit In a total amount of 48.8 to 90.0 wt %, a binder in an amount of 0.1 to 3.0 wt %, an expansion agent in an amount of 0.1 to 1.0 wt %, and electrically conductive metal particles in an amount of 14.8 to 50.0 wt %, based on the total weight of the mixture.
  • the method further includes firing the mixture to form the glass seal, wherein the glass seal has an electrical conductivity ranging from 9 x 10 6 S/m to 65 x 10 6 S/m.
  • the electrically conductive particles surround any gas filled pores which are formed during firing of the glass seal.
  • the electrically conductive particles eliminate the electric field across the pores when the corona igniter is used in an internal combustion engine and subjected to a high electric field. Thus, ionization of the gas which could initiate dielectric breakdown and dielectric puncture through the insulator of the corona igniter is eliminated.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a corona igniter including an electrically conductive glass seal according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 is an illustration of the electrically conductive glass seal of Figure 1 along line A-A after a firing step, which includes glass, conductive metal particles, and gas-filled pores;
  • Figure 2A is an enlarged view of a portion of Figure 2.
  • One aspect of the invention provides a corona igniter 20 Including an electrically conductive glass seal 22 providing a hermetic bond between at least one electrically conductive component, such as a central electrode 24, and an insulator 26, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the composition of the glass seal 22 reduces the potential for dielectric breakdown and thus dielectric punctures through the insulator 26 when the central electrode 24 or other electrically conductive components of the corona ignker 20 receives a high radio frequency electric field during use in an internal combustion engine.
  • the electrically conductive glass seal 22 is formed from a powder mixture which includes a mixture of electrically conductive particles, at least one binder, an expansion agent, and glass frits.
  • the glass seal 22 includes the electrically conductive particles in an amount of 10.0 to S0.0 weight percent (wt %) and preferably 20.0 wt %, based on the total weight of the glass seal 22.
  • the powder used to form the glass seal 22 typically includes the electrically conductive particles In an amount of 14.8 to 50.0 wt %, based on the total weight of the powder used to form the glass seal 22.
  • the electrically conductive particles can include a single material or a mixture of different materials. Any conductive metal can be used to form the electrically conductive particles, but in the exemplary embodiment, the electrically conductive particles consist of, or essentially of, copper. Also, the electrically conductive particles can comprise various forms, but in the exemplary embodiment, they are provided in the form of copper flakes having a particle size of less than 325 mesh, or 45 microns. The electrically conductive particles cause the glass seal 22 to be electrically conductive. In one exemplary embodiment, the glass seal 22 has an electrical conductivity ranging from
  • the gas bubbles or pores become ionized and form corona during service, which can lead to dielectric failure of the insulator.
  • the electrically conductive glass seal 22 of the present invention when used in the corona igniter 2 ⁇ , the electrically conductive particles surround the gas bubbles or pores and thus eliminate the electric field across the bubbles or pores when the high radio frequency voltage is applied to the corona igniter 2 ⁇ . Since no corona discharge is formed along the bubbles or pores of the electrically conductive glass seal 22, the initiation mechanism for ionization breakdown and dielectric puncture through the insulator 26 is eliminated.
  • the powder used to form the electrically conductive glass seal 22 also includes the at least one binder in an amount up to 3.0 wt %, based on the total weight of the powder used to form the glass seal 22.
  • the binders help adhere the components of the glass seal 22 together when the glass seal 22 Is introduced into the bore of the insulator 26.
  • the glass seal 22 includes a mixture of inorganic binder and synthetic or natural organic binders. When the powder used to form the glass seal 22 is heated to a glass melting temperature during the firing step, at least a portion of the binder, typically the organic binder, bums off and thus is not present in the composition of the fired glass seal 22.
  • the powder used to form the glass seal 22 includes the inorganic binder in an amount up to 2.0 wt H, or 0.1 to 2.0 wt H, and preferably 1.0 wt %, based on the total weight of the powder used to form the glass seal 22.
  • the inorganic binder can include a single material or a mixture of different materials. Any type of inorganic binder material can be used in the glass seal 22, but typically the inorganic binder includes natural or engineered clay.
  • the inorganic binder consists of, or consists essentially of, sodhm bentonhe or magnesium aluminum silicate, which is sold under the name Veegum®.
  • the powder used to form the glass seal 22 of the exemplary embodiment also includes the synthetic or natural organic binder in an amount up to 2.0 wt %, or 0.1 to 2.0 wt %, and preferably 0.65 wt %, based on the total weight of the powder used to form the glass seal 22.
  • the synthetic or natural organic binder can include a single material or a mixture of different materials. Any type of synthetic or natural organk binder material can be used in the glass seal 22.
  • the synthetic or natural organic binder consists of, or consists essentially of, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and mahodextrm or dextrin.
  • the PEG is present m an amount of 0.1S wt %, and the nuUtodextrin or dextrin is present in an amount of 0.5 wt %, based on the total weight of the powder used to form the glass seal 22.
  • the powder used to form the electrically conductive glass seal 22 also includes the expansion agent in an amount up to 1.0 wt %, or 0.1 to 1.0 wt. %, and preferably 0.5 wt %, based on the total weight of the powder used to form the glass seal 22.
  • the expansion agent can include a single material or a mixture of different materials. Any type of expansion agent can be used in the glass seal 22, but in the exemplary embodiment, the expansion agent consists of, or consists essentially of lithium carbonate. At least a portion of the expansion agent converts from a solid to a gas when heated to the glass melting temperature during the fbing step, thus causing the glass seal 22 to expand
  • the balance of the electrically conductive glass seal 22 is typically formed of glass.
  • the power used to from the glass seal 22 Includes a plurality of glass frits, whkh is finely powdered glass.
  • the glass frits are present in an amount that causes the fired glass seal to include glass in an amount of 50.0 to 90.0 wt. % or 50.0 to 86.0 wt % and preferably 80.0 wt 96, based on the total weight of the glass aeal 22.
  • the glass frits are present in an amount of 48.8 to 90.0 wt 96, or 50.0 to 84.8 wt 96, or 50.0 to 86.0 wt 96, and preferably 80.0 wt.96, based on the total weight of the powder used to form the glass seal 22.
  • the amount of glass frits used to form the glass seal 22 is selected so that the ratio between the glass frits and the electrically conductive particles la about 4 to 1.
  • the glass frits comprise ground glass and may contain multiple chemical elements chemically combined and fused into a single material. Any type of glass frits known in the art can be used.
  • the glass seal may be formulated with a single glass frit, or multiple glass frits with different chemical compositions and different properties may be blended together. In the exemplary embodiment, multiple glass frits are used.
  • the overall composition of the glass frits includes silica in an amount of 35 to 40
  • the glass frits also include boron oxide in an amount of 20 to 28 wt 96, and preferably 26.9 wt. 96; aluminum oxide ( in an amount of 10 to 15 wt 96, and preferably 11.7 wt 96; bismuth oxide in an amount of 10.0 to 15.0 wt 96, preferably 6.0 to 8.0 wt 96, and more preferably 7.3 wt 96; and zinc oxide in an amount of 3.0 to 5.0 wt 96, and preferably 4.8 wt 96,
  • the glass frits further include alkali metal oxides, such as oxides of lithium sodium (Na), and potassium in a total amount of 2.0 to 6.0
  • the glass frits include the alkali metal oxides in a total amount of 4.7 wt 96, wherein 1.5 wt 96 is lithium oxide and 3.1 wt 96 is sodium oxide, based on the total weight of the glass frits.
  • the glass frits also include alkaline earth metal oxides, such as oxides of magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba) in a total amount of 3.0 to 7.0 wt 96, based on the total weight of the glass frits.
  • the glass frits include the alkaline earth metal oxides in a total amount of 5.9 wt %, wherein at least 2.95 wt % is strontium oxide and about 1.9 wt % is magnesium oxide.
  • alkali metal oxides and alkaline earth metal oxides could be used.
  • the glass flits and the powder used to form the overall glass seal 22 can also include small amounts of other components and/or impurities.
  • Table I provides three example powder compositions used to form the glass seal 22 according to the present invention, In weight percent (wt %), based on the total weight of the powder used to form the glass seal 22.
  • Table 2 provides exemplary glass frit compositions according to the present invention, in weight percent (wt %), based on the total weight of the glass frit composition.
  • the alkali metal oxides include one or more of the group comprising lithium oxide, sodium oxide and potassium oxide. In one example, approximately one third of the alkali metal oxides is lithium oxide and approximately two thirds is sodium oxide. However, any ratio of alkali metal oxides may be used.
  • the alkaline earth metal oxides of the exemplary composition include one or more of the group comprising magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide and barium oxide. In one example more than one half of the alkaline earth metal oxides is strontium oxide and approximately one third is magnesium oxide. However, any ratio of alkaline earth metal oxides may be used. However, those of ordinary skill in the art understand that other types of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals can be used in addition to, or m place of those listed.
  • the glass seal 22 is formed from a mixture of glass fHts, electrically conductive particles, expansion agent, and inorganic binder, but no organic binder.
  • the glass fHts are present in an amount mat causes the fired glass seal 22 to include glass in an amount of 72.0 to 90.0 wt %, based on the total weight of the glass seal 22.
  • the powder used to form the glass seal 22 typically includes the .glass fHts in an amount of 72.0 to 90.0 wt %, the electrically conductive particles in an amount of 10.0 to 25.0 wt %, the inorganic binder in an amount of 1.0 to 5.0 wt %, and the expansion agent in an amount of 0.10 to 0.50 wt. %, based on the total weight of the powder used to from the glass seal 22.
  • the electrically conductive particles are copper flakes
  • the inorganic binder is bentonite
  • the expansion agent is calcium carbonate.
  • Table 3 provides an example powder composition used to form the glass seal 22 according to the alternate embodiment, in weight percent (wt %), based on the total weight of the powder used to form the glass seal 22.
  • Table 4 provides other exemplary glass frit compositions which are preferably used in the powder composition of Table 3, in weight percent (wt %), based on the total weight of the glass frit composition.
  • the other oxides listed in Table 4 can include any type of oxide.
  • the alkali metal oxides include one or more of the group comprising lithium oxide, sodium oxide and potassium oxide.
  • the alkaline earth metal oxides of the exemplary composition include one or more of the group comprising magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide and barium oxide.
  • the glass frits includes sodium oxide (NajO) in an amount of 3.3 to 43 wt.
  • the electrically conductive powder used to form the electrically conductive glass seal 22 can be prepared using various different methods, including any method known in the art. Typically, the method includes obtaining the electrically couhicnve particles, binder, expeiiston ageiit, and glass frits, and mixmg those components together. Once the component! are mixed together, the electrically conductive material can be disposed in a bore of the insulator 26.
  • the materials prior to disposing the electrically conductive material in the insulator 26, are mixed together by dry mixing.
  • the materials could be wet ground or mixed with water to form a slurry, and then spray dried to form a plurality of granulated particles or powder.
  • the spray drying step includes disposing the slurry in a healed spray drier, wherein the slurry forms droplets with water that flashes off in the healed spray dryer, leaving small spherical granular particles.
  • other methods can be used to provide the electrically conductive material in particulate or powder form.
  • the dry powders can be dry mixed in a mixer or blender with a small amount of water subsequently added which causes the powder mixture to agglomerate into granular particles, which may be subsequently dried or partially dried.
  • the granules or powder are relatively easy to handle, create little dust, and can be easily tamped or otherwise disposed in the bore of the insulator 26 around the central electrode 24, and around other electrically conductive components, if desired.
  • the electrically conductive material typically the powder, b disposed in the bore of the insulator 26, the Insulator 26, central electrode 24 and electrically conductive material are fired together in a furnace, according to any method known m the art.
  • the components of the electrically conductive powder melt and expand to fill at least a portion of the bore of the insulator 26 around the central electrode 24, and thus form the electrically conductive glass seal 22 providing the hermetic bond between the central electrode 24 and the insulator 26.
  • the firing temperature varies depending on the composition of the electrically conductive material, and in particular the composition of the glass frits, but typically ranges from 600 to 1000" C.
  • the firing temperature ranges from 750 to 800" C and when the glass frits comprise the second example composition of Table 2, the firing temperature ranges from 650 to 700° C In each case, the firing temperature is higher than the maximum temperature of the glass seal 22 duriiig operation of the corona igniter 20.
  • the expansion agent converts from a solid to a gas and generates bubbles in the material during the firing step, which causes the material to expand.
  • the increase in volume of the material and the volume of the bore occupied by the electrically conductive glass seal 22 can vary.
  • the gas-filled bubbles lead to gas-filled pores remaining in the electrically conductive glass seal 22 after the firing step and when the glass seal 22 cools to room temperature.
  • the gas-filled pores also remain in the glass seal 22 when the corona igniter 20 is used in the internal combustion engine.
  • the fired glass seal 22 includes a plurality of gas-filled pores in an amount of 25.0 to 75.0 vol. %, and preferably 35.0 to 45.0 vol.
  • the composition does not substantially change during the firing step, and the fired glass seal 22 has substantially the same composition as the starting powder.
  • FIGs 2 and 2A illustrate the dectrically conductive glass seal 22 of Figure 1, which includes the glass 21, electrically conductive metal particles 23, and gas- filled pores 25 after the firing step.
  • the pores 25 have an approximately spherical shape and are spaced from one another by a matrix 27 comprising the metal particles 23 distributed in the glass 21.
  • the metal particles 23 are distributed with sufficient electrical contact between them such that the glass seal 22 is dectrically conductive.
  • the pores 25 are close to one another, they are isolated from one another so that there is no transport of gas between them, and thus no transport of gas through the glass seal 22.
  • the electrically conductive glass seal 22 typically surrounds a terminal end 28 of the central electrode 24 and also surrounds a portion of a terminal 30.
  • the glass seal 22 could also surround other electrically conductive components disposed in the bore of the insulator 26, such as a resistor or a spring.
  • the corona igniter 20 including the electrically conductive glass seal 22 of the present invention can have various different designs, including, but not limited to the design shown in Figure 1.
  • the central electrode 24 is disposed in the bore of the insulator 26 beneath the terminal 30, and the terminal 30 engages the terminal end 28 of the cemnl dectrode 24.
  • the central electrode 24 is formed of an electrically conductive material, such as nickel or a nickel alloy.
  • the central electrode 24 has a length L extending along a center axis A from a terminal end 28 to a firing end 32, wherein a majority of the length L of the central electrode 24 is surrounded by the insulator 26.
  • the terminal end 28 of the central electrode 24 is supported and maintained in a predetermined axial position by a reduced diameter of the insulator 26.
  • the central electrode 24 includes a firing tip 34 at the firing end 32.
  • the firing tip 34 has a plurality of branches each extending radially outwardly from the center axis A for emitting an electric field and providing the corona discharge during use of the corona igniter 20 in the Internal combustion engine.
  • the insulator 26 of Figure 1 extends longitudinally along the center axis A from an insulator upper end 38 to an insulator nose end 40.
  • the insulator 26 is formed of an insulating material, typically a ceramic such as such as alumina.
  • the insulator 26 also presents an insulator inner surface 42 surrounding the bore which extends longitudinally from the insulator upper end 38 to the insulator nose end 40 for receiving the central electrode 24, terminal 30, and possibly other electrically conductive components.
  • the firing tip 34 of the central electrode 24 Is disposed post the insulator noee end 40.
  • the insulator inner surface 42 presents an insulator inner diameter Di extending across and perpciKucular to the center axis A.
  • the insulator inner diameter Di typically decreases along a portion of the insulator 26 moving toward the insulator nose end 40 for supporting a portion of the central electrode 24 and maintaining the central electrode 24 in the predetermined axial position.
  • the insulator 26 of the exemplary embodiment also presents an insulator outer surface 44 having an insulator outer diameter Do extending across and perpendicular to the center axis A.
  • the insulator outer surface 44 extends longitudinally from the insulator upper end 38 to the insulator nose end 40.
  • the insulator outer diameter Do decreases along a portion of the insulator 26 adjacent the insulator nose end 4 ⁇ , moving toward the insulator nose end 4 ⁇ , to present an insulator nose region 46.
  • the Insulator outer diameter Do also decreases in a direction moving toward the insulator nose end 4 ⁇ in a location spaced from the insulator nose region 46, approximately at the middle of the insulator 26, to present an insulator lower shoulder 48.
  • the Insulator outer diameter Do also decreases along a portion of the insulator 26 moving toward the insulator upper end 38 at a location spaced from the insulator lower shoulder 48 to present an insulator upper shoulder SO.
  • the corona igniter 20 also typically includes a shell 52 formed of metal and surrounding a portion of the insulator 26.
  • the shell 52 is typically used to couple the insulator 26 to a cylinder block (not shown) of the internal combustion engine.
  • the shell 52 extends along the center axis A from a shell upper end 54 to a shell lower end 56.
  • the shell upper end 54 is disposed between the insulator upper shoulder SO and the insulator upper end 38 and engages the insulator 26.
  • the shell tower end 56 is disposed adjacent the Insulator nose region 46 such that it least a portion of the insulator nose region 46 extends axially outwardly of the shell lower end 56.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un joint d'étanchéité en verre électroconducteur permettant de fournir une liaison hermétique entre un composant électroconducteur et un isolant d'un allumeur à effet couronne. Le joint d'étanchéité en verre est formé en mélangeant des frittes de verre, un liant, un agent d'expansion, et des particules métalliques électroconductrices. Les frittes de verre peuvent comprendre de la silice (SiO2), de l'oxyde de bore (B2O3), de l'oxyde d'aluminium (Al2O3), de l'oxyde de bismuth (Bi2O3), et de l'oxyde de zinc (ZnO) ; le liant peut comprendre de la bentonite de sodium ou du silicate de magnésium et d'aluminium, du polyéthylène glycol (PEG), et de la dextrine ; l'agent d'expansion peut comprendre du carbonate de lithium ; et les particules électroconductrices peuvent comprendre du cuivre. Le joint d'étanchéité en verre fini comprend le verre en une quantité totale de 50,0 à 90,0 % en poids, et des particules métalliques électroconductrices en une quantité de 10,0 à 50,0 % en poids par rapport au poids total du joint d'étanchéité en verre.
PCT/US2017/044904 2016-08-01 2017-08-01 Dispositif d'allumage à effet couronne à joint d'étanchéité amélioré WO2018026817A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201780060722.8A CN109803935A (zh) 2016-08-01 2017-08-01 带有改进密封件的电晕点火设备
JP2019505175A JP2019528224A (ja) 2016-08-01 2017-08-01 改良されたシールを有するコロナ点火装置
EP17754533.2A EP3490949A1 (fr) 2016-08-01 2017-08-01 Dispositif d'allumage à effet couronne à joint d'étanchéité amélioré
KR1020197005922A KR20190039418A (ko) 2016-08-01 2017-08-01 개선된 시일을 가지는 코로나 점화 장치

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/225,341 US9685767B2 (en) 2014-08-10 2016-08-01 Corona ignition device with improved seal
US15/225,341 2016-08-01

Publications (1)

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WO2018026817A1 true WO2018026817A1 (fr) 2018-02-08

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KR (1) KR20190039418A (fr)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114414643A (zh) * 2022-01-10 2022-04-29 中国原子能科学研究院 氧传感器

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US20160043531A1 (en) * 2014-08-10 2016-02-11 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Spark plug with improved seal
US20160039712A1 (en) * 2014-08-10 2016-02-11 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Corona ignition device with improved seal

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BR9902148A (pt) * 1998-05-22 1999-12-28 Ngk Spark Plug Co Vela de ignição e seu método de fabricação.
DE10016416A1 (de) * 2000-04-01 2001-10-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Glaskeramik, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Zündkerze mit einer derartigen Glaskeramik
JP3559252B2 (ja) * 2001-05-02 2004-08-25 日本特殊陶業株式会社 スパークプラグの製造方法
US7858547B2 (en) * 2003-11-12 2010-12-28 Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. Ceramic with improved high temperature electrical properties for use as a spark plug insulator
US8614542B2 (en) * 2006-12-18 2013-12-24 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Alumina ceramic for spark plug insulator

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US4342553A (en) * 1980-10-01 1982-08-03 General Electric Company Glass to nickel-iron alloy seal
US6492289B1 (en) * 1999-05-24 2002-12-10 Denso Corporation Lead-free glaze and spark plug
US20160043531A1 (en) * 2014-08-10 2016-02-11 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Spark plug with improved seal
US20160039712A1 (en) * 2014-08-10 2016-02-11 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Corona ignition device with improved seal

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
PARTRIDGE G: "LEAD-THROUGH SEALS INCORPORATING A FOAMED GLASS CERAMIC", GLASS TECHNOLOGY, SOCIETY OF GLASS TECHNOLOGY, SHEFFIELD, GB, vol. 24, no. 6, 1 December 1983 (1983-12-01), pages 293 - 297, XP001202023, ISSN: 0017-1050 *

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EP3490949A1 (fr) 2019-06-05
KR20190039418A (ko) 2019-04-11
JP2019528224A (ja) 2019-10-10
CN109803935A (zh) 2019-05-24

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