WO2018024019A1 - 河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统 - Google Patents

河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018024019A1
WO2018024019A1 PCT/CN2017/084968 CN2017084968W WO2018024019A1 WO 2018024019 A1 WO2018024019 A1 WO 2018024019A1 CN 2017084968 W CN2017084968 W CN 2017084968W WO 2018024019 A1 WO2018024019 A1 WO 2018024019A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sediment
mud
treatment
water
regeneration system
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PCT/CN2017/084968
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王民浩
陈士强
郑久存
翟德勤
陶明
禹芝文
陈惠明
赵新民
刘学武
赵明江
Original Assignee
中电建水环境治理技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2018024019A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018024019A1/zh

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
    • C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/28—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for cleaning watercourses or other ways
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of water environment treatment, and particularly relates to an industrialized treatment and regeneration system for river sediments.
  • the river is a kind of open water, generally characterized by narrow water surface, long process, and tidal characteristics of coastal and offshore rivers.
  • the lake is a relatively closed water area with wide water surface, shallow water and water flow.
  • the characteristics of slow speed and slow water exchange are generally affected by seasonal rain.
  • the urban population has increased sharply, and the amount of sewage discharged into urban rivers and lakes has increased greatly.
  • Rivers and lakes have become a gathering place for various pollutants, causing serious pollution of water bodies and deteriorating water environment.
  • the water quality has become black and stinky, and the living environment of fish and shrimp has deteriorated drastically or cannot survive.
  • the bottom sediment of the river and lake bed is polluted by the long-term erosion of the contaminated water body, and the sedimentation of the sediment is formed for many years, which is an intrinsic pollution source that affects the quality of the water environment.
  • the industry has gradually formed a consensus that it needs to cut off external pollution sources, remove internal pollution sources, water purification, and ecological restoration.
  • the internal pollution source is the contaminated sediment. Due to the complex composition of the contaminated sediment and high water content, at present, the domestic sediment treatment process is natural or mechanical dehydration, material solidification, etc., for example, one is naturally placed, and the sediment is about to be sedimented. Stored in a low-lying area for natural water filtration and drying; the other is mechanical dewatering. After the material is conditioned, the sediment is dewatered and reduced by mechanical equipment, and then transported to a designated storage place.
  • Stabilizers, curing agents and other materials are added to the contaminated sediment, mixed with various mixing equipment, stacked and maintained, and transported to the designated place after curing; the other is mechanical dewatering and solidification, during the conditioning process before mechanical dewatering Also, the solidified material is added at the same time, and stable solidification is simultaneously achieved in the process of dehydration reduction.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an industrialized treatment and regeneration system for polluted sediments in rivers and lakes, aiming at solving the problem of pollution reduction in the prior art, which cannot be reduced step by step, industrialized, and scaled. Technical issues of production and recycling.
  • a river lake flooding sediment sludge industrialization treatment and regeneration system including a sediment dredging device for extracting rivers and lakes and extracting contaminated sediment, one end connected to the bottom a mud dredging device and a pipeline conveying device for conveying the contaminated sediment extracted by the sediment dredging device, connecting the other end of the pipeline conveying device and for discharging the contaminated sediment conveyed by the pipeline conveying device
  • Separate garbage sorting device for classifying and precipitating the sediment mixture sorted by the garbage sorting device to obtain a sediment separating device capable of reclaiming residual sand for resource utilization, and for treating the sediment separating device
  • the resulting muddy water mixture is subjected to precipitation and purification treatment to obtain a muddy water separation device capable of discharging the residual water, and a dewatering and solidifying device for concentrating, conditioning, modifying and dehydrating and solidifying the slurry produced by the muddy water separation device.
  • the dewatering curing device transfers the pressure
  • the sediment dredging device includes an excavating device for collecting the contaminated sediment in a river and a river and having a drain pipe and a mud pump, the drain pipe being connected to the A pipeline pumping device for providing power.
  • the sediment dredging device further includes an online device disposed at the end of the mud pump and the front end of the mud pipe for monitoring the pollutant index in the contaminated sediment collected. Monitoring device.
  • the pipeline conveying device includes a plurality of conveying pipes connected in series in series and connected between the sediment dredging device and the garbage sorting device, and disposed between two adjacent conveying pipes.
  • a relay pump station device that delivers power.
  • the garbage sorting device includes means for separating and dividing the garbage in the contaminated sediment A garbage sorting device of the type and an odor collecting and processing device that communicates with the end of the pipe conveying device to collect the malodorous gas diffused during the mining and conveying of the contaminated sludge.
  • the sediment separating device includes a stepping sand collecting device that collects and classifies the sediment mixture according to particle size and density, and extracts the sand material in the classifying sand collecting device.
  • a sanding device and a rinsing device for rinsing the attached contaminants on the sand material extracted by the sand lifting device.
  • the mud water separation device includes a sedimentation device that precipitates the received muddy water mixture and produces a supernatant, a supernatant installed on the sedimentation device and used to discharge the supernatant a discharge device and a residual water multi-stage purification device for receiving the supernatant and performing multi-stage purification of the supernatant to obtain the replenishable residual water.
  • the dewatering and curing device includes a conditioning device that extracts the slurry generated in the muddy water separating device, and performs concentration conditioning, modification and quenching and tempering of the slurry, and concentration after conditioning the conditioning device.
  • the conditioning mud is subjected to mechanical dewatering to produce a compressed mud cake and a pressure filtration device for the pressure filtrate.
  • the dehydration curing apparatus further includes a pressure filtrate recycling device for conveying the pressure filtrate to the mud water separation device to recover residual coagulating material in the pressure filtrate to accelerate mud water separation.
  • the pressure filtrate recovery device is in communication with the pressure filtration device and the mud water separation device.
  • the dehydration curing apparatus further includes a gas recovery and utilization device for introducing residual high pressure gas generated by the pressure filtration device during dehydration and solidification into the conditioning device.
  • the river lake flooding sediment sludge industrialization treatment and regeneration system further comprises a residual soil utilization module that utilizes the compressed mud cake to process the available building materials and utilizes resource utilization.
  • the river lake flooding sediment sludge industrialization treatment and regeneration system further comprises automatically controlling the sediment dredging equipment, the pipeline conveying equipment, the garbage sorting equipment, the sediment separating equipment, The muddy water separating device and the automatic control device of the dewatering curing device.
  • the river lake flooding sediment sludge industrialization treatment and regeneration system uses the sediment dredging equipment to extract rivers and lakes and extract the rivers and lakes
  • the contaminated sediment is subjected to excavation, and the contaminated sediment extracted by the sediment dredging equipment is transferred to the garbage sorting device by the pipeline conveying device, and the garbage sorting device is used to Contaminated sediment for waste sorting, for example, the contaminated sediment received as construction waste, domestic waste, large particle rainwater Classification of boulders, gravel, gravel and sediment mixture to achieve the first reduction of contaminated sediment, catalytic gas production of the sorted domestic waste and use in gas-fired, carbon-based ceramics workshops a heat source or the like to realize recycling of resources; the garbage sorting device transfers the sorted sediment mixture to the sediment separating device, and the sediment mixture is classified by the sediment separating device Precipitation, and according to the principle of fluid dynamics, the classification and sedimentation of coarse-grained sand and gravel are obtained to obtain the resource
  • the river lake rushing sewage sludge industrialization treatment and regeneration system utilizes sediment dredging equipment, the pipeline conveying equipment, garbage sorting equipment, the sediment separating equipment, the mud water separating equipment,
  • the dewatering and solidifying device and the automatic control device respectively perform environmental dredging, over-distance transportation, garbage sorting, sediment separation, mud-water separation, residual water purification and dehydration curing on the contaminated sediment to realize river and lake rush
  • the "harmless, large-scale, integrated, and automated" treatment of contaminated sediments has achieved the step-by-step reduction and harmless disposal of contaminated sediments, realizing on-line monitoring and industrialization of contaminated sediments, and reducing subsequent treatment. Cost and disposal difficulty, and resource recycling.
  • FIG. 1 is a general framework diagram of an industrialized treatment and regeneration system for a river-drainage sediment in the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a detailed frame diagram of the industrialized treatment and regeneration system of the river-drainage sediment in FIG.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
  • the meaning of “plurality” is two or more, unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like should be understood broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection or a Removable connection, or integrated; can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, which can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction of two elements.
  • the meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art on a case-by-case basis.
  • an industrialized treatment and regeneration system for river and lake filthy sewage provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a sediment dredging device 10 for collecting and extracting polluted sediments from rivers and lakes, and a communication station at one end.
  • a sediment dredging device 10 for transporting the contaminated sediment pipeline 20 of the sediment dredging device 10, connecting the other end of the pipeline transporting device 20 and for transporting the pipeline transporting device 20
  • the garbage sorting device 30 for sorting waste by the contaminated sediment, and the sediment mixture for sorting the separated sediments of the garbage sorting device 30 to obtain a sediment separating device for recovering residual sand from resources.
  • a slurry water separation device 50 for performing a sedimentation and purification treatment on the sludge water mixture produced after the treatment of the sediment separation device 40, and concentrating and conditioning the mud generated after the mud water separation device 50 is processed.
  • a dewatering curing device 60 for modifying and tempering and dehydrating curing, the dewatering curing device 6 0
  • the filtrate obtained during the dehydration solidification process is sent to the mud water separation device 50.
  • the river lake urgency sewage sediment industrialization treatment and regeneration system utilizes the sediment dredging device 10 to extract river torrents and extract the contaminated sediment in the river lake swell,
  • the contaminated sediment extracted by the sediment dredging device 10 is transported to the garbage sorting device 30 by the pipeline conveying device 20, and the contaminated sediment is garbageed by the garbage sorting device 30.
  • Classification for example, classifying the contaminated sediment received by construction waste, domestic garbage, large-grained rainwater drifting stones, gravel, gravel and sediment mixture to achieve the first reduction treatment of contaminated sediment, And catalyzing gas to the sorted domestic garbage and then used for gas power generation, carbonization ceramics heat source, etc., to realize resource recycling; the garbage sorting device 30 transmits the sorted sediment mixture to In the sediment separation device 40, the sediment mixture is hierarchically precipitated by the sediment separation device 40, and coarse grindstone is realized according to the principle of fluid dynamics.
  • the sediment separation device 40 transports the treated muddy water mixture to the muddy water separation device 50 Static precipitation and purification treatment to obtain recyclable residual water and drain the recirculated residual water back into the river and lake for recycling, and achieve the third reduction treatment of the contaminated sediment;
  • the dehydration solidification The device 60 performs concentration conditioning, modification, quenching and dehydration and solidification of the mud reserved after the mud-water separation device 50, to obtain a solid mud cake and a pressure filtrate, and the pressure filtrate is returned to the mud-water separation device 50.
  • the river lake flooding sediment sludge industrialization treatment and regeneration system utilizes a sediment dredging device 10, the pipeline conveying device 20, the garbage sorting device 30, the sediment separating device 40, The mud water separating device 50, the dewatering curing device 60 and the automatic control device 70 respectively perform environmental dredging, over-distance transportation, garbage sorting, sediment separation, mud-water separation, residual water purification and dehydration of the contaminated sediment.
  • Curing and other treatments in order to achieve the "harmless, large-scale, integrated, automated" efficient treatment of river and lake pollution sediments, to achieve step-by-step reduction and harmless disposal of contaminated sediment, to achieve pollution sediment
  • On-line monitoring and industrialization treatment reduce the subsequent processing costs and disposal difficulties, and realize resource recycling.
  • the contaminated sediment can also be classified according to organic waste and inorganic waste, and
  • the contaminated sediment is classified by the garbage sorting device 30, and the organic waste is recycled and reused by subsequent processing, and the inorganic waste can be disposed by landfill or the like.
  • the industrialization treatment and regeneration system of the river and lake pollution sediment utilizes the garbage sorting device 30 to realize the first reduction treatment of the contaminated sediment and generate organic waste that can be recycled and utilized by resources.
  • the sewage sedimentation device 40 is subjected to a second reduction treatment of the contaminated sediment and generates a resource-recyclable residual sand, and the sludge sedimentation device 50 is used to perform the third reduction on the contaminated sediment.
  • the amount of residual water is processed and produced, and the fourth reduction treatment of the contaminated sediment by the dewatering and curing device 60 is used to generate the available building materials, thereby realizing the stepwise reduction of the contaminated sediment. , reducing the cost of subsequent processing and the difficulty of disposal, and simultaneously realizing the resource recycling of the contaminated sediment treatment.
  • the sediment dredging device 10 includes an excavation for collecting the contaminated sediment in a river lake and having a drain pipe 120 and a mud pump 122.
  • the device 12, the drain pipe 120 is connected to the pipeline conveying device 20, and the mud pump 122 is used to provide power.
  • Excavating the contaminated sediment in the river and lake rush by the excavating device 12, and the contaminated sediment collected by the mud pump 122 is transported to the station through the drain pipe 120 In the pipeline conveying device 20.
  • the excavating device 12 may be a cutter suction dredger, a pneumatic pump ship or an amphibious dredger, or may be other types of dredgers, and is not limited thereto. More preferably, the cutter suction dredger is a small-sized environmentally-friendly cutter suction dredger, for example, a built-in cutter suction dredger with a capacity of 200-500 cubic meters/small crucible, with a monthly capacity of 10-15.
  • the sediment dredging device 10 further includes a bottom portion disposed at the end of the mud pump 122 and the drain pipe 120 for use in the contaminated bottom of the excavation.
  • An online monitoring device for monitoring the pollutants in the mud.
  • the river lake flooding sediment sludge industrialization treatment and regeneration system is configured to monitor the relevant concentration index of the high correlation characteristic pollutant in the contaminated sediment by setting the online monitoring device 14, such as COD and/or ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, Total copper, hexavalent chromium, etc., when the dredging depth exceeds the fouling
  • the online monitoring device 14 detects that the concentration of the pollutant is lower than a preset threshold, and immediately sends an alarm signal to the excavating device 12 or the central control room, and sends a dredging depth signal and reminds the sludge dredging device 10
  • the dredging depth is reduced to achieve on-line monitoring of the contaminated sediment and automatic control of dredging depth.
  • the online monitoring device 14 integrates various on-line analysis and detection sensors for pollutants and corresponding intelligent analysis and discrimination systems.
  • the on-line detecting device may be distributed in rivers and lakes, culvert gate valves, polluted water bodies in bridges and tunnels, front end of the mud pump 122, end and mud discharging pipes 120 and sediment processing plants, and various process workshops and equipment.
  • the sensor on the device is not limited to this.
  • the sediment dredging device 10 further includes a dredging suction port 124 of the excavating device 12 and self-service the contaminated sediment collected.
  • the drug is administered by a drug delivery device 16 that initially degrades the contaminants in the contaminated sediment.
  • the drug is automatically administered to the dredged suction port 124 to realize pollutants carried or released in the polluted water body and the sediment, especially
  • the odorous gas or the like is sufficiently mixed, reacted and degraded in the pipeline conveying device 20 to achieve preliminary degradation of the pollutants of the contaminated sediment, and reduce odorous gas to the surrounding environment of the construction, sediment treatment of various working workshops and regions. Environmental impact for subsequent processing.
  • the river lake urgency sewage sludge industrialization treatment and regeneration system provided by the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the on-line monitoring device 14 and/or the drug delivery device 16 to cooperate with the excavation device 12 to realize environmental protection against rivers and lakes Dredging.
  • the pipeline conveying device 20 includes a plurality of conveying pipes 22 connected in series and connected between the sediment dredging device 10 and the garbage sorting device 30. And a relay pumping station device 24 disposed between two adjacent conveying conduits 22 to provide conveying power. A multi-stage series connection of the delivery conduit 22 and the relay pumping station device 24 is utilized to achieve remote transport. And the closed type conveying pipe 22 is used, and each of the conveying pipes 22 is also tightly connected to realize the closed conveying of the contaminated sediment, thereby reducing the secondary pollution of the contaminated sediment to the environment, and ensuring The contaminated sludge is thoroughly mixed in the delivery conduit 22 for subsequent processing.
  • the garbage sorting device 30 includes a garbage sorting device 32 for separating and classifying the garbage in the contaminated sediment, and connecting the pipeline conveying device.
  • the end of 20 is an odor collection and treatment device 34 that collects the gas carried by the contaminated sediment.
  • the contaminated sediment received is classified 32 to distinguish between construction waste, domestic waste, large particle rainwater drifting stones, gravel, gravel and sediment mixture, etc., which are to be subsequently treated.
  • catalytic gas generation and power generation can be carried out to realize resource recycling.
  • the contaminated sediment is subjected to garbage sorting by the garbage sorting device 32 to realize the first reduction treatment of the contaminated sediment, and the amount of subsequent disposal is reduced.
  • the odor collection and treatment device 34 is utilized to collect anaerobic fermentation in the contaminated sediment through the delivery conduit 22 to generate ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and the like. It can effectively control gas diffusion.
  • the odor collecting and processing device 34 is connected to the acid pool and the alkaline pool via a conduit to effectively reduce the concentration of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the gas, to achieve the purpose of deodorization, and to achieve odor emission compliance, avoiding occurrence Air pollution.
  • the toxic gas emission concentration at the perimeter of the construction river lake and the bottom mud treatment plant in the embodiment of the present invention satisfies the odor emission.
  • Standard GB 14554-1993
  • the sediment separation device 40 includes a classification sedimentation device 42 for collecting and classifying the sediment mixture according to particle size and density, and the classification A sanding device 44 for extracting sand from the sanding device 42 and a rinsing device 46 for rinsing the attached contaminants on the sand extracted by the sanding device 44.
  • the sedimentation device 42 is used to realize the natural separation of the sediment in the sediment mixture by utilizing the characteristics of the particle size and density of the sediment particles and the hydraulic principle, and the sand with a large density and large particles remains in the sand.
  • the soil having a smaller density and granules is accompanied by water flowing into the mud-water separating device 50 for subsequent treatment to achieve a second reduction treatment of the contaminated sediment.
  • the sanding material deposited by the stepping sand-sanding device 42 is extracted by the sand-drawing device 44, and is washed by the rinsing device 46 to remove toxic substances such as heavy metals and organic substances attached to the surface of the sand material.
  • the resource-recyclable residual sand is used for engineering building materials such as municipal, water conservancy, and transportation.
  • the extracted sand material is washed by the rinsing device 46 to remove toxic substances such as heavy metals and organic substances attached to the surface of the sand material, thereby achieving harmless treatment.
  • the grading sedimentation device 42, the sand lifting device 44 and the rinsing device 46 are utilized to achieve Separation and extraction of sediment mixture
  • the sand treatment and cleaning sand materials are highly concentrated in various treatment processes, so that the generated resources can be recycled to meet the requirements of construction sand, and the requirements for recycling and utilization of sand materials in the contaminated sediment are realized.
  • the reduction, harmlessness and resource grading of the contaminated sediment are described.
  • the particle size of the residual sand particles after sorting and cleaning is 0.1 mm to 5.0 mm, and the mud content is less than 1 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4.
  • the leaching concentration of residual sand pollutants meets the requirements of “Hazardous Waste Identification Standards” (GB5085.3-2007) and “Construction Sands” (GB/T14684-2011) Class II Sand (including Class II) above standards, meeting the requirements for resource recycling. .
  • the muddy water separation device 50 includes a sedimentation device 52 that precipitates the received muddy water mixture and produces a supernatant, is mounted on the sedimentation device 52, and is used for a supernatant discharge device 53 for discharging the supernatant liquid, and a residual water multi-stage purification device for receiving the supernatant liquid and performing multi-stage purification of the supernatant liquid to obtain the recyclable residual water 54.
  • a sedimentation device 52 that precipitates the received muddy water mixture and produces a supernatant
  • a supernatant discharge device 53 for discharging the supernatant liquid
  • a residual water multi-stage purification device for receiving the supernatant liquid and performing multi-stage purification of the supernatant liquid to obtain the recyclable residual water 54.
  • the discharge device 53 discharges the supernatant liquid generated in the sedimentation device 52 to the residual water multi-stage purification device 54, and the multi-stage purification of the supernatant liquid by the residual water multi-stage purification device 54 to obtain
  • the remaining water can be drained to achieve a third reduction treatment of the contaminated sediment, and a part of the generated recirculated residual water can be discharged back into the river and the lake and another part can be provided for each
  • the suspended matter content value (ie, the SS value) of the recirculated residual water obtained by the residual water multi-stage purification device 54 is less than 15 mg/l, and the COD, BOD, strontium, and barium contents are compared.
  • the concentration of pollutants contained in the polluted water bodies of the original rivers is reduced by more than 60%, and the recirculated residual water can be discharged back into the rivers and lakes, which can effectively dilute and reduce the concentration of polluted water bodies in the original rivers and lakes.
  • the dewatering and curing device 60 includes a conditioning device that extracts the mud generated in the muddy water separation device 50 and concentrates, conditioned, and tempered the slurry. 62 and a pressure filtration device 64 for mechanically dewatering the concentrated conditioning slurry after conditioning by the conditioning device 62 to produce a compressed mud cake and the pressure filtrate.
  • the slurry produced by the sedimentation device 52 is concentrated, conditioned, modified and tempered by the conditioning device 62 to change the internal microstructure of the slurry, and to decompose the pollutants such as organic matter and heavy metals in the slurry. , compounding, chelation, consolidation, passivation, etc.
  • the effect of dehydration and solidification of the filter press device 64 is improved.
  • the mud conditioned and concentrated by the conditioning device 62 enters the filter press device 64 to perform a mud-water separation operation, and the mud portion is compressed by the filter press device 64 to obtain a solid mud cake (also called " The remaining soil ", the same below), the obtained mud cake has a low moisture content, realizes the fourth reduction treatment of the contaminated sediment, and realizes the harmless treatment and resources of the contaminated sediment. Recycling.
  • the moisture content of the mud cake after dewatering and pressure filtration by the filter press device 64 is less than 35%, and the organic content of the mud cake satisfies the "Evaluation Standard for Soil Environmental Quality of Exhibition Sites (Provisional)" (HJ350) -2007) Class B standard, heavy metal pollutant leaching meets the requirements of the "Dangerous Waste Identification Standard” (GB5085.3-2007)
  • the dehydration curing device 60 further includes a pressure filtrate recovery method for conveying the pressure filtrate to the mud water separation device 50 to recover residual coagulating material in the pressure filtrate to accelerate mud water separation.
  • the pressure filtrate recovery device 68 is in communication with the pressure filtration device 64 and the mud water separation device 50.
  • the pressure filtrate produced by the pressure filtration device 64 is recovered by providing the pressure filtrate recovery device 68, and the pressure filtrate is discharged into the sedimentation device 52, and the residual coagulating material in the pressure filtrate is utilized.
  • the mixing of the muddy water mixture in the precipitating device 52 accelerates the mud-water separation of the muddy water mixture in the precipitating device 52, i.e., increases the sedimentation of the slurry and the rate of precipitation of the supernatant in the precipitating device 52.
  • the dehydration curing device 60 further includes a gas for introducing residual high-pressure gas generated by the filter press device 64 during dehydration and solidification into the conditioning device 62. Recycling device 69.
  • the residual high pressure gas generated by the pressure filtration device 64 during the dehydration and solidification process is introduced into the conditioning device 62 by the gas recovery device 69 to accelerate the mud disturbance, the drug mixture and the uniformity in the conditioning device 62.
  • Prevent mud sedimentation promote various organic, inorganic pollutants, heavy metals, Escherichia coli and other toxic bacteria in the sediment through decomposition, compounding, chelation, passivation, a series of physical, chemical, biochemical reactions, and finally achieve sediment The organic pollutants, toxic bacteria, etc.
  • the heavy metal pollutants are effectively reduced or killed, and the heavy metal pollutants are converted into harmless compounds through the compounding reaction or the free heavy metal pollutants are effectively solidified by the chelation and passivation to the dehydration curing device 60.
  • the mud cake particles the mud cake (remaining soil) pollutants are leached to meet the requirements of the “Hazardous Waste Identification Standard” (GB5085.3-2007).
  • the industrial treatment and regeneration system of the river and lake pollution sediments is further The method further comprises recycling the compressed mud cake to produce a residual soil utilization module 80 that can utilize building materials and utilize resources.
  • the mud cake is resourced and directly utilized by providing the residual soil utilization module 80.
  • the compressed mud cake meets the Class B standard of the “Evaluation Standard for Soil Environmental Quality of Exhibition Sites (Provisional)” (HJ350-2007), and can be directly used for land use of apes, such as venue land, green land, commercial land, and public municipal land. Use soil.
  • the compressed mud cake is used as a main raw material, and a series of processes such as drying, pulverization and high-temperature carbonization are used to prepare ceramsite having excellent properties such as low density, light weight, heat insulation, fire resistance and earthquake resistance.
  • ceramsite to new environmentally friendly building materials, and then produce ceramsite foam concrete or large-scale riverside green grass base for wetland and landscape greening, or for sponge city stagnant water, water, clean water and permeable paving Install and provide good new lightweight and environmentally friendly materials for environmental engineering and sponge city construction, so as to achieve harmless disposal and resource utilization of sediment.
  • the river lake urgency sewage sludge industrialization processing and regeneration system further includes automatically controlling the sediment dredging device 10, the pipeline conveying device 20, and the garbage component.
  • the apparatus 30, the sediment separation apparatus 40, the muddy water separation apparatus 50, and the automatic control apparatus 70 of the dehydration curing apparatus 60 are selected. Controlling the sediment dredging device 10, the pipeline conveying device 20, the garbage sorting device 30, the sediment separating device 40, the muddy water separating device 50, and the dehydration curing by the automatic control device 70
  • the operation of the apparatus 60 to automate operations enables automation in the multi-stage reduction processing of the contaminated sludge treatment, improving processing efficiency.
  • the automatic control device 70 is used to control various process steps of the contaminated sediment treatment, and is used for realizing intelligent identification of river and lake sediments, environmental dredging, over-distance transportation, garbage separation, and sedimentation. Separation, dosing conditioning, mud water separation, residual water purification automatic control and industrialization, scale, and automated production.
  • the automatic control device 70 includes an actual monitoring and control technology, an intelligent analysis system, and a PLC automatic control device set in the environmental dredging and treatment process of the river and lake sediments, so as to realize the pollution of the river and lake. Intelligent functions such as intelligent identification, real-time monitoring, fault alarm, emergency response and fault self-test.
  • the automatic control device 70 can greatly improve the linkage function of the environmentally-friendly dredging and the supporting system of the contaminated sediment, greatly improve the effective production time, reduce the operation management personnel, and improve the system operation efficiency.
  • the automatic control device 70 is used to implement the environmental dredging and disposal system of the river and lake sediments. Efficient automatic control, interconnection and appropriate detection, suitable for reflecting the status of each of the above equipment, the pressure of each connecting pipeline, the flow rate, the liquid level of each equipment and the concentration of sludge, etc., and can be in accordance with the process flow Start-stop system and realize branch control and master control of each workshop. For equipment failures and emergencies during operation, the on-site emergency button can be used for rapid processing and automatic processing and sequential disposal and shutdown.
  • the river lake urgency sewage sludge industrialization treatment and regeneration system utilizes the online monitoring device 14, the sediment dredging device 10, the pipeline conveying device 20, the garbage sorting device 30, the mud a sand separating device 40, the muddy water separating device 50, the muddy water purifying device 54, the dewatering curing device 60, the conditioning device 62, the garbage catalytic gas generating device 36, the residual soil utilization module 80, and the
  • the automatic control device 70 performs on-line monitoring, environmental dredging, over-distance transportation, garbage sorting, sediment separation, mud-water separation, residual water purification, and dehydration solidification on the contaminated sediment, respectively, to achieve river and lake pollution.
  • the "harmless, large-scale, integrated, and automated" treatment of sediments has achieved the step-by-step reduction and harmless disposal of contaminated sediments, realizing on-line monitoring and industrialization of contaminated sediments, and realizing resources. Recycling.
  • the river lake urgency sewage sludge industrialization treatment and regeneration system can also realize internal water recycling, specifically, the pipeline transportation device 20 performs water used for cleaning operation, and the garbage
  • the sorting device 30 performs water used in the garbage sorting and cleaning operation, water used by the sediment separating device 40, water used in the muddy water separating device 50, and the dewatering curing device 60.
  • the water used is from the recirculating residual water purified by the residual water multi-stage purification device 54, which greatly reduces the amount of access to municipal water, realizes the reuse of resources, and saves resources.

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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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Abstract

一种河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统，其包括底泥疏浚设备(10)、管道输送设备(20)、垃圾分选设备(30)、泥沙分离设备(40)、泥水分离设备(50)和脱水固化设备(60)。该系统利用垃圾分选设备(30)、泥沙分离设备(40)、泥水分离设备(50)和脱水固化设备(60)分别对底泥疏浚设备(10)采挖的污染底泥进行了环保疏浚、超距输泥、垃圾分选、泥沙分离、泥水分离、余水净化和脱水固化等处理。

Description

说明书 发明名称：河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统 技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于水环境治理技术领域， 尤其涉及一种河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理 与再生系统。
背景技术
[0002] 河涌是一种幵放式水域， 一般具有水面窄、 流程长、 沿海与近海河流多具有感 潮特征等特点， 湖泊是一种相对封闭的水域， 具有水面宽、 水深浅、 水流速度 缓、 水体交换慢等特点， 河湖泊涌一般容易受季节雨汛影响。 随着社会经济的 迅猛发展， 城市人口急剧增多， 面向城市河湖泊涌的排污量大幅度增加， 河湖 泊涌成了各种污染物的汇集场所， 使水体污染日趋严重， 水环境状况日益恶化 ， 水质变黑发臭、 鱼虾生存环境急剧恶化或无法生存。 河湖泊涌床底底泥受污 染水体长期侵蚀、 多年沉积形成污染底泥且日益加重， 是影响水环境质量的内 在污染源。
[0003] 在河湖泊涌水环境治理的过程中， 业内逐渐形成需要截断外污染源、 清除内污 染源、 水质净化、 生态恢复四个步骤的共识。 其中， 内污染源就是污染底泥， 由于污染底泥成分复杂、 含水率高， 目前， 国内的底泥处理工艺均为自然或机 械脱水、 材料固化等， 例如， 一种是自然放置， 即将底泥存放于低洼地带进行 自然滤水和干化； 另一种是机械脱水， 底泥经材料调理后， 利用机械设备进行 脱水减量， 然后运输到指定的收纳场所； 又一种是材料固化， 利用稳定剂、 固 化剂等材料添加到污染底泥中， 采用各种搅拌设备拌合均匀、 堆放养护， 养护 完成后运输到指定场所； 再一种是机械脱水固化， 在机械脱水前的调理过程中 ， 也同吋添加固化材料， 在脱水减量的过程中同步实现稳定固化。
[0004] 以上处理方法或工艺均未将污染底泥整体打包进行脱水减量、 稳定固化或者脱 水减量同吋稳定固化， 虽然也解决了部分问题， 但没能对污染底泥进行充分分 析、 甄别， 没有分而治之， 处理过程过于简单粗放， 且没有形成"无害化、 规模 化、 集成化、 自动化 "高效利用处理， 在实现污染底泥的逐级减量和无害化处置 方面方法简单， 遗留问题较多， 也加大了后续处置的投入。
[0005] 因此， 如何对污染底泥进行处理以实现逐级减量、 工业化处理、 规模化生产和 资源化再生已成为业内亟待解决的技术问题。
技术问题
[0006] 本发明的目的在于提供一种河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统， 旨在解 决现有技术中对污染底泥进行处理而无法做到逐级减量、 工业化处理、 规模化 生产和资源化再生的技术问题。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0007] 本发明是这样实现的， 一种河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统， 包括用 于对河湖泊涌进行采挖并提取污染底泥的底泥疏浚设备、 一端连通所述底泥疏 浚设备并用于输送所述底泥疏浚设备采挖的所述污染底泥的管道输送设备、 连 接所述管道输送设备另一端并用于对所述管道输送设备输送的所述污染底泥进 行垃圾分离的垃圾分选设备、 用于对所述垃圾分选设备分选出的泥沙混合物进 行分级沉淀以得到可资源再生利用余砂的泥沙分离设备、 用于对所述泥沙分离 设备处理后产生的泥水混合物进行沉淀和净化处理以得到可回排余水的泥水分 离设备以及对所述泥水分离设备处理后产生的泥浆进行浓缩调理、 改性调质和 脱水固化的脱水固化设备， 所述脱水固化设备将脱水固化过程中产生的压滤液 输送至所述泥水分离设备中。
[0008] 进一步地， 所述底泥疏浚设备包括用于对河湖泊涌中的所述污染底泥进行采挖 且具有排泥管和泥泵的挖掘装置， 所述排泥管连接于所述管道输送设备， 所述 泥泵用于提供动力。
[0009] 进一步地， 所述底泥疏浚设备还包括设置于所述泥泵末端和所述排泥管前端并 用于对所采挖的所述污染底泥中污染物指标进行实吋监测的在线监测装置。
[0010] 进一步地， 所述管道输送设备包括多个依次串联连接且连接于所述底泥疏浚设 备与所述垃圾分选设备之间的输送管道以及设置于相邻两所述输送管道之间以 提供输送动力的接力泵站装置。
[0011] 进一步地， 所述垃圾分选设备包括用于对所述污染底泥中的垃圾进行分离和分 类的垃圾分选装置以及连通所述管道输送设备末端以收集所述污染底泥采挖和 输送过程中扩散的恶臭气体的臭气收集与处理装置。
[0012] 进一步地， 所述泥沙分离设备包括对所述泥沙混合物按颗粒粒径和密度进行收 集和分级沉淀的分级沉沙装置、 对所述分级沉沙装置中的砂料进行提取的提砂 装置以及对所述提砂装置提取出的所述砂料上的附着污染物进行冲洗的淋洗装 置。
[0013] 进一步地， 所述泥水分离设备包括对接收的所述泥水混合物进行沉淀并产生上 清液的沉淀装置、 安装于所述沉淀装置上并用于将所述上清液排出的上清液排 出装置以及用于接收所述上清液并对所述上清液进行多级净化以得到所述可回 排余水的余水多级净化装置。
[0014] 进一步地， 所述脱水固化设备包括抽取所述泥水分离设备中产生的所述泥浆并 对所述泥浆进行浓缩调理、 改性调质的调理装置以及对所述调理装置调理后的 浓缩调理泥浆进行机械脱水以产生压缩泥饼和所述压滤液的压滤装置。
[0015] 进一步地， 所述脱水固化设备还包括用于将所述压滤液输送至所述泥水分离设 备中以回收所述压滤液中的残留助凝材料来加速泥水分离的压滤液回收利用装 置， 所述压滤液回收利用装置连通于所述压滤装置与所述泥水分离设备之间。
[0016] 进一步地， 所述脱水固化设备还包括用于将所述压滤装置在脱水固化过程中产 生的残余高压气体导入所述调理装置中的气体回收利用装置。
[0017] 进一步地， 所述河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统还包括将所述压缩泥 饼进行资源化处理以制得可利用建筑材料和进行资源化利用的余土利用模块。
[0018] 进一步地， 所述河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统还包括自动控制所述 底泥疏浚设备、 所述管道输送设备、 所述垃圾分选设备、 所述泥沙分离设备、 所述泥水分离设备和所述脱水固化设备的自动控制设备。
[0019] 本发明相对于现有技术的技术效果是： 该河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生 系统利用所述底泥疏浚设备对河湖泊涌进行采挖并提取所述河湖泊涌内的所述 污染底泥进行采挖， 通过该所述管道输送设备将所述底泥疏浚设备采挖的所述 污染底泥传输至所述垃圾分选设备， 利用所述垃圾分选设备对所述污染底泥进 行垃圾分类， 例如将接收的所述污染底泥按建筑垃圾、 生活垃圾、 大颗粒雨洪 漂石、 砾石、 碎石和泥沙混合物等进行分类， 以实现污染底泥的第一次减量处 理， 并对所属分选生活垃圾进行催化制气并进而用于燃气发电、 碳化制陶车间 热源等， 实现资源的再生利用； 所述垃圾分选设备将分选后的所述泥沙混合物 传送至所述泥沙分离设备中， 利用所述泥沙分离设备对所述泥沙混合物进行分 级沉淀， 并根据流体动力学原理， 实现粗颗粒砂石的分级沉淀， 以得到可资源 再生利用余砂， 以实现污染底泥的第二次减量处理； 所述泥沙分离设备将处理 后的泥水混合物输送至所述泥水分离设备中进行静置沉淀和净化处理， 以得到 可回排余水并将该可回排余水排回河湖泊涌中进行循环利用， 从而实现对污染 底泥的第三次减量处理； 所述脱水固化设备对所述泥水分离设备处理后预留的 泥浆进行浓缩调理、 改性调质和脱水固化， 得到呈固态的泥饼和压滤液， 所述 压滤液回流至所述泥水分离设备中进行沉淀和净化处理以产生可回排余水， 对 所述固态的泥饼进行后续资源化利用， 例如进行建筑材料的制作等， 从而实现 对污染底泥的第四次减量处理。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0020] 本发明提供的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统利用底泥疏浚设备、 所 述管道输送设备、 垃圾分选设备、 所述泥沙分离设备、 所述泥水分离设备、 所 述脱水固化设备和所述自动控制装置分别对所述污染底泥进行了环保疏浚、 超 距运输、 垃圾分选、 泥沙分离、 泥水分离、 余水净化和脱水固化等处理， 以实 现河湖泊涌污染底泥的"无害化、 规模化、 集成化、 自动化 "高效处理， 做到了污 染底泥的逐级减量和无害处置， 实现污染底泥的在线监测、 工业化处理， 降低 后续的处理费用和处置难度， 并实现了资源再生利用。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0021] 为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案， 下面将对本发明实施例或现有技 术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下面所描述的附图仅 仅是本发明的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在不付出创造性劳 动的前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。 [0022] 图 1是本发明实施例提供河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统的总体框架 图；
[0023] 图 2是图 1中河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统的具体框架图。
[0024] 附图标记说明：
[] [表 1]
Figure imgf000007_0001
本发明的实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例， 所述实施例的示例在附图中示出， 其中自始至 终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。 下 面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的， 旨在用于解释本发明， 而不能理解 为对本发明的限制。
[0026] 在本发明的描述中， 需要理解的是， 术语"长度"、 "宽度"、 "上"、 "下"、 "前" 、 "后"、 "左"、 "右"、 "竖直"、 "水平"、 "顶"、 "底 ""内"、 "外"等指示的方位或 位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系， 仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化 描述， 而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、 以特定的方 位构造和操作， 因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
[0027] 此外， 术语"第一"、 "第二 "仅用于描述目的， 而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重 要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。 由此， 限定有 "第一"、 "第二 "的特 征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。 在本发明的描述中， "多个" 的含义是两个或两个以上， 除非另有明确具体的限定。
[0028] 在本发明中， 除非另有明确的规定和限定， 术语"安装"、 "相连"、 "连接"、 "固 定"等术语应做广义理解， 例如， 可以是固定连接， 也可以是可拆卸连接， 或成 一体； 可以是机械连接， 也可以是电连接； 可以是直接相连， 也可以通过中间 媒介间接相连， 可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。 对于 本领域的普通技术人员而言， 可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具 体含义。
[0029] 为了使本发明的目的、 技术方案及优点更加清楚明白， 以下结合附图及实施例 ， 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。
[0030] 请参照图 1， 本发明实施例提供的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统包 括用于对河湖泊涌进行采挖并提取污染底泥的底泥疏浚设备 10、 一端连通所述 底泥疏浚设备 10并用于输送所述底泥疏浚设备 10采挖的所述污染底泥的管道输 送设备 20、 连接所述管道输送设备 20另一端并用于对所述管道输送设备 20输送 的所述污染底泥进行垃圾分类的垃圾分选设备 30、 用于对所述垃圾分选设备 30 分选出的泥沙混合物进行分级沉淀以得到可资源再生利用余砂的泥沙分离设备 4 0、 用于对所述泥沙分离设备 40处理后产生的泥水混合物进行沉淀和净化处理以 得到可回排余水的泥水分离设备 50以及对所述泥水分离设备 50处理后产生的泥 浆进行浓缩调理、 改性调质和脱水固化的脱水固化设备 60， 所述脱水固化设备 6 0将脱水固化过程中产生的压滤液输送至所述泥水分离设备 50中。
[0031] 本发明实施例提供的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统利用所述底泥疏 浚设备 10对河湖泊涌进行采挖并提取所述河湖泊涌内的所述污染底泥， 通过该 所述管道输送设备 20将所述底泥疏浚设备 10采挖的所述污染底泥传输至所述垃 圾分选设备 30， 利用所述垃圾分选设备 30对所述污染底泥进行垃圾分类， 例如 将接收的所述污染底泥按建筑垃圾、 生活垃圾、 大颗粒雨洪漂石、 砾石、 碎石 和泥沙混合物等进行分类， 以实现污染底泥的第一次减量处理， 并对所属分选 生活垃圾进行催化制气并进而用于燃气发电、 碳化制陶车间热源等， 实现资源 的再生利用； 所述垃圾分选设备 30将分选后的所述泥沙混合物传送至所述泥沙 分离设备 40中， 利用所述泥沙分离设备 40对所述泥沙混合物进行分级沉淀， 并 根据流体动力学原理， 实现粗颗粒砂石的分级沉淀， 以得到可资源再生利用的 余砂， 并实现污染底泥的第二次减量处理； 所述泥沙分离设备 40将处理后的泥 水混合物输送至所述泥水分离设备 50中进行静置沉淀和净化处理， 以得到可回 排余水并将该可回排余水排回河湖泊涌中进行循环利用， 并实现对污染底泥的 第三次减量处理； 所述脱水固化设备 60对所述泥水分离设备 50处理后预留的泥 浆进行浓缩调理、 改性调质和脱水固化， 得到呈固态的泥饼和压滤液， 所述压 滤液回流至所述泥水分离设备 50中进行沉淀和净化处理以产生可回排余水， 对 压缩泥饼进行后续资源化利用， 例如进行建筑材料的制作或者直接用于市政工 程等， 并实现对污染底泥的第四次减量处理。
[0032] 本发明实施例提供的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统利用底泥疏浚设 备 10、 所述管道输送设备 20、 垃圾分选设备 30、 所述泥沙分离设备 40、 所述泥 水分离设备 50、 所述脱水固化设备 60和所述自动控制装置 70分别对所述污染底 泥进行了环保疏浚、 超距运输、 垃圾分选、 泥沙分离、 泥水分离、 余水净化和 脱水固化等处理， 以实现河湖泊涌污染底泥的 "无害化、 规模化、 集成化、 自动 化"高效利用处理， 做到了污染底泥的逐级减量和无害化处置， 实现污染底泥的 在线监测、 工业化处理， 降低后续的处理费用和处置难度， 并实现了资源化再 生利用。
[0033] 在该实施例中， 所述污染底泥还可以按照有机垃圾和无机垃圾进行分类， 并利 用所述垃圾分选设备 30对所述污染底泥进行分类， 对于有机垃圾通过后续处理 实现资源再生和再利用， 对于无机垃圾可以采用填埋等方式进行处理。
[0034] 本发明实施例提供的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统利用所述垃圾分 选设备 30实现对污染底泥的第一次减量处理并产生可资源再生利用的有机垃圾 、 利用所述泥沙分离设备 40对所述污染底泥进行了第二次减量处理并产生可资 源再生利用余砂、 利用所述泥水分离设备 50对所述污染底泥进行了第三次减量 处理并产生了可回排余水以及利用所述脱水固化设备 60对所述污染底泥的第四 次减量处理并产生了可利用的建筑材料， 实现了污染底泥的逐级减量， 降低了 后续处理费用和处置难度， 同吋实现了所述污染底泥处理的资源再生利用。
[0035] 请参照图 1和图 2， 进一步地， 所述底泥疏浚设备 10包括用于对河湖泊涌中的所 述污染底泥进行采挖且具有排泥管 120和泥泵 122的挖掘装置 12， 所述排泥管 120 连接于所述管道输送设备 20， 所述泥泵 122用于提供动力。 利用所述挖掘装置 12 对河湖泊涌中的所述污染底泥进行采挖， 在所述泥泵 122的动力作用下， 采挖的 所述污染底泥经所述排泥管 120输送至所述管道输送设备 20中。
[0036] 在该实施例中， 所述挖掘装置 12可以是绞吸式挖泥船、 气力泵船或者水陆两栖 挖泥船， 也可以是其他类型的挖泥船， 不限于此。 更优地， 所述绞吸式挖泥船 为拼装式小型环保绞吸式挖泥船， 例如， 产能 200~500立方米 /小吋的拼装式绞吸 式挖泥船， 月产能 10~15万立方米， 与底泥处理厂产能匹配性较好， 适合短期、 大规模、 高强度污染底泥清淤疏浚及处理处置工程； 而且这类挖泥船船体结构 紧凑、 船舶吃水小、 挖泥深度一般可达 9~12m， 施工作业定位精度高、 作业全程 对污染水体、 底泥扰动小， 可 24小吋连续作业， 且具备一定的抗风、 抗凌、 抗 汛能力， 环境适应能力强； 另外， 采用拼装式绞吸挖泥船可以在拆解后通过陆 路实现船体的快速转移， 适合河湖泊涌各种水域施工。
[0037] 请参照图 1和图 2， 进一步地， 所述底泥疏浚设备 10还包括设置于所述泥泵 122 末端和所述排泥管 120前端并用于对所采挖的所述污染底泥中污染物指标进行实 吋监测的在线监测装置 14。 该河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统通过设 置所述在线监测装置 14以实吋监测所述污染底泥中高相关性特征污染物的相关 浓度指标， 例如 COD和 /或者氨氮、 总磷、 总铜、 六价铬等， 当挖泥深度超过污 染层吋， 该在线监测装置 14检测到污染物的浓度低于预设阈值立即向所述挖掘 装置 12或者中控室发出警报信号， 发出挖泥深度过大信号并提醒所述底泥疏浚 设备 10降低挖泥深度， 从而实现对所述污染底泥的在线监测和疏浚深度的自动 控制。
[0038] 在该实施例中， 所述在线监测装置 14集成了各种污染物在线分析检测传感器和 相应智能分析、 判别系统的装置。 优选地， 所述在线检测装置可以是分布于河 湖泊涌、 涵渠闸阀、 桥隧内污染水体和所述泥泵 122前端、 末端和排泥管 120和 底泥处理厂各工艺车间、 设备、 装置上的传感器， 不限于此。
[0039] 请参照图 1和图 2， 在另一实施例中， 所述底泥疏浚设备 10还包括在所述挖掘装 置 12的疏浚吸口 124并对采挖的所述污染底泥进行自助给药以对所述污染底泥中 的污染物进行初步降解的给药装置 16。 根据所述挖掘装置 12的采挖的污染底泥 中污染物的浓度， 通过在所述疏浚吸口 124自动给药， 以实现对所述污染水体、 底泥中携带或释放的污染物、 尤其毒臭气体等在所述管道输送设备 20中充分混 合、 反应和降解， 以实现对所述污染底泥的污染物进行初步降解， 减少毒臭气 体对施工周边环境、 底泥处理各作业车间、 区域环境影响， 以利于后续处理。
[0040] 本发明实施例提供的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统利用所述在线监 测装置 14和 /或者所述给药装置 16， 配合所述挖掘装置 12实现对河湖泊涌的环保 疏浚。
[0041] 请参照图 1和图 2， 进一步地， 所述管道输送设备 20包括多个依次串联连接且连 接于所述底泥疏浚设备 10与所述垃圾分选设备 30之间的输送管道 22以及设置于 相邻两所述输送管道 22之间以提供输送动力的接力泵站装置 24。 利用所述输送 管道 22和所述接力泵站装置 24的多级串联， 以实现远距离输送。 并利用封闭式 所述输送管道 22且各所述输送管道 22之间也密闭连接， 以实现对所述污染底泥 的密闭输送， 减少所述污染底泥对环境的二次污染， 而且可以保证所述污染底 泥在所述输送管道 22中充分混合， 以便于后续处理。
[0042] 请参照图 1和图 2， 进一步地， 所述垃圾分选设备 30包括用于对所述污染底泥中 的垃圾进行分离和分类的垃圾分选装置 32以及连通所述管道输送设备 20末端以 收集所述污染底泥携带的气体的臭气收集与处理装置 34。 利用所述垃圾分选装 置 32对接收的所述污染底泥进行分类， 以区分出建筑垃圾、 生活垃圾、 大颗粒 雨洪漂石、 卵砾石、 碎石和泥沙混合物等， 所述泥沙混合物以待后续处理。 对 于有机质、 热值较高的生活垃圾等可以进行催化制气和发电， 实现资源的再生 利用。 利用所述垃圾分选装置 32对所述污染底泥进行垃圾分选以实现对污染底 泥的第一次减量处理， 减小后续处置的量。
[0043] 在该实施例中， 利用所述臭气收集与处理装置 34以收集所述污染底泥中经所述 输送管道 22输送过程中发生厌氧发酵而产生氨气、 硫化氢等气体， 可以有效控 制气体扩散。 优选地， 所述臭气收集与处理装置 34经导管连接酸性池和碱性池 ， 以有效降低气体中氨气和硫化氢的浓度， 达到除臭的目的， 并且使得臭气排 放达标， 避免出现空气污染。
[0044] 在该实施例中， 经所述臭气收集与处理装置 34处理后， 本发明实施例施工河湖 泊涌周界、 底泥处理厂周界毒臭气体排放浓度满足 《恶臭污染物排放标准》 （G B 14554-1993) 标准要求。
[0045] 请参照图 1和图 2， 进一步地， 所述泥沙分离设备 40包括对所述泥沙混合物按颗 粒粒径和密度进行收集和分级沉淀的分级沉沙装置 42、 对所述分级沉沙装置 42 中的砂料进行提取的提砂装置 44以及对所述提砂装置 44提取出的所述砂料上的 附着污染物进行冲洗的淋洗装置 46。 利用泥沙颗粒粒径和密度不同等特性并结 合水力学原理， 采用所述分级沉沙装置 42实现对所述泥沙混合物中泥沙的自然 分离， 密度和颗粒较大的砂料留存于所述分级沉沙装置 42的底部， 密度和颗粒 较小的泥土伴随着水流入所述泥水分离设备 50中进行后续处理， 实现对所述污 染底泥的第二次减量处理。 利用所述提砂装置 44将所述分级沉沙装置 42沉积处 理后的砂料进行提取并利用所述淋洗装置 46进行冲洗， 将所述砂料表面附着的 重金属、 有机物等有毒物质清除， 以使淋洗后的砂料变成可资源再生利用余砂 ， 例如， 将该可资源再生利用余砂用于市政、 水利、 交通等工程建材使用。
[0046] 在该实施例中， 利用所述淋洗装置 46对提取出的所述砂料进行冲洗， 以去除附 着在所述砂料表面的重金属、 有机物等有毒物质， 实现无害处理。
[0047] 在该实施例中， 在对所述污染底泥的第二次减量处理过程中， 利用所述分级沉 沙装置 42、 所述提砂装置 44和所述淋洗装置 46以实现对泥沙混合物的分离、 提 取砂料和清洗砂料多项处理工艺高度集中， 以使产生的可资源再生利用余砂满 足建筑用砂要求， 实现了污染底泥中砂料的资源再生利用要求， 同吋， 实现了 所述污染底泥的减量化、 无害化、 资源化分级处理。
[0048] 在该实施例中， 经所述分级沉沙装置 42沉淀后， 分选清洗后的余砂颗粒粒径在 0.1mm~5.0mm， 含泥量小于 1<¾。 余砂污染物浸出浓度满足 《危险废物鉴别标准 》 （GB5085.3-2007) 要求和 《建筑用砂》 （GB/T14684-2011) II类砂 （含 II类） 以上标准， 满足资源再生利用要求。
[0049] 请参照图 1和图 2， 进一步地， 所述泥水分离设备 50包括对接收的所述泥水混合 物进行沉淀并产生上清液的沉淀装置 52、 安装于所述沉淀装置 52上并用于将所 述上清液排出的上清液排出装置 53以及用于接收所述上清液并对所述上清液进 行多级净化以得到所述可回排余水的余水多级净化装置 54。 通过设置所述沉淀 装置 52以将所述泥水混合物中的泥和水分离， 即得到沉淀于所述沉淀装置 52底 部的泥浆和浮于所述泥浆表面的上清液， 利用所述上清液排出装置 53将所述沉 淀装置 52中产生的上清液排出至所述余水多级净化装置 54中， 利用所述余水多 级净化装置 54对所述上清液进行多级净化以得到可回排余水， 实现对所述污染 底泥的第三次减量处理， 并且所产生的所述可回排余水中的一部分可以回排至 河湖泊涌中以及另一部分可以供各所述设备的使用， 从而实现与外部环境的循 环利用和内部的循环利用。
[0050] 在该实施例中， 经余水多级净化装置 54处理后得到的可回排余水的悬浮物含量 值 （即 SS值） 小于 15mg/l， COD、 BOD、 ΤΡ、 ΤΝ含量较原河湖泊涌污染水体所 含污染物指标浓度降低 60%以上， 将可回排余水回排至河湖泊涌中， 可以有效稀 释、 降低原河湖泊涌污染水体指标浓度。
[0051] 请参照图 1和图 2， 进一步地， 所述脱水固化设备 60包括抽取所述泥水分离设备 50中产生的所述泥浆并对所述泥浆进行浓缩调理和改性调质的调理装置 62以及 对所述调理装置 62调理后的浓缩调理泥浆进行机械脱水以产生压缩泥饼和所述 压滤液的压滤装置 64。 利用所述调理装置 62对所述沉淀装置 52产生的所述泥浆 进行浓缩调理、 改性调质， 以改变所述泥浆的内部微观结构， 对所述泥浆中的 有机质、 重金属等污染成分进行分解、 化合、 螯合、 固结、 钝化等， 同吋快速 提升所述压滤装置 64脱水固化的效果。 经所述调理装置 62调理、 浓缩后的所述 泥浆进入所述压滤装置 64进行泥水分离操作， 并在所述压滤装置 64对泥部分进 行压缩以得到呈固态的泥饼 （又称 "余土"， 下同） ， 所得到的所述泥饼的含水率 低， 实现了所述污染底泥的第四次减量处理， 并且实现了所述污染底泥的无害 化处理和资源再生利用。
[0052] 在该实施例中， 经所述压滤装置 64脱水压滤后的泥饼的含水率小于 35%， 泥饼 有机物含量满足 《展览会用地土壤环境质量评价标准 （暂行） 》 （HJ350-2007)B 类标准， 重金属污染物浸出满足 《危险废物鉴别标准》 （GB5085.3-2007) 要求
[0053] 进一步地， 所述脱水固化设备 60还包括用于将所述压滤液输送至所述泥水分离 设备 50中以回收所述压滤液中的残留助凝材料来加速泥水分离的压滤液回收利 用装置 68， 所述压滤液回收利用装置 68连通于所述压滤装置 64与所述泥水分离 设备 50之间。 通过设置所述压滤液回收利用装置 68回收所述压滤装置 64产生的 所述压滤液并将所述压滤液排放至所述沉淀装置 52中， 利用所述压滤液中的残 留助凝材料与所述沉淀装置 52中的泥水混合物混合， 可以加速所述沉淀装置 52 中的泥水混合物的泥水分离， 即提高了所述沉淀装置 52中泥浆的沉淀和上清液 的析出速度。
[0054] 请参照图 1和图 2， 进一步地， 所述脱水固化设备 60还包括用于将所述压滤装置 64在脱水固化过程中产生的残余高压气体导入所述调理装置 62中的气体回收利 用装置 69。 利用所述气体回收利用装置 69将所述压滤装置 64在脱水固化过程中 产生的残余高压气体导入所述调理装置 62中， 以加速所述调理装置 62内所述泥 浆扰动、 药剂拌匀和防止泥浆沉淀， 促进底泥中各有机、 无机污染物、 重金属 、 大肠杆菌等有毒细菌等污染物等通过分解、 化合、 螯合、 钝化一系列物理、 化学、 生化等反应， 最终实现底泥中有机污染物、 有毒细菌等得到有效消减或 灭杀， 重金属污染物通过化合反应转化到无害化合物或通过螯合、 钝化作用使 游离态重金属污染物被有效固化到所述脱水固化设备 60产出的泥饼微粒中， 使 泥饼 （余土） 污染物浸出满足 《危险废物鉴别标准》 （GB5085.3-2007) 要求。
[0055] 请参照图 1和图 2， 进一步地， 所述河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统还 包括将所述压缩泥饼进行资源化处理以制得可利用建筑材料和进行资源化利用 的余土利用模块 80。 通过设置所述余土利用模块 80以对所述泥饼进行资源化处 理和直接利用。 所述压缩泥饼满足 《展览会用地土壤环境质量评价标准 （暂行 ) 》 （HJ350-2007)B类标准， 可以直接用于 Π类土地利用， 如场馆用地、 绿化用地 、 商业用地、 公共市政用地用土。
[0056] 优选地， 将压缩泥饼作为主原料， 并经过烘干、 粉碎和高温碳化等一系列工艺 制成具有密度小、 质轻、 隔热、 耐火以及抗震等优良性能的陶粒。 将陶粒应用 于新型环保建筑材料， 进而制作出陶粒泡沫混凝土或大规模用于湿地、 景观绿 化的河道绿植底基层， 或用于海绵城市滞水、 虑水、 净水层以及透水铺装等， 为环境工程、 海绵城市工程建设提供良好的新型轻质环保材料， 从而实现底泥 无害化处置与资源化利用。
[0057] 请参照图 1和图 2， 进一步地， 所述河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统还 包括自动控制所述底泥疏浚设备 10、 所述管道输送设备 20、 所述垃圾分选设备 3 0、 所述泥沙分离设备 40、 所述泥水分离设备 50和所述脱水固化设备 60的自动控 制设备 70。 利用所述自动控制设备 70控制所述底泥疏浚设备 10、 所述管道输送 设备 20、 所述垃圾分选设备 30、 所述泥沙分离设备 40、 所述泥水分离设备 50和 所述脱水固化设备 60的运行， 以实现自动化作业， 使得在对所述污染底泥处理 的多级减量处理中实现自动化， 提高了处理效率。
[0058] 在该实施例中， 所述自动控制设备 70用于控制所述污染底泥处理的各个工艺环 节， 用于实现河湖底泥智能辨识、 环保疏浚、 超距运输、 垃圾分离、 泥沙分离 、 加药调理、 泥水分离、 余水净化的自动控制及实现工业化、 规模化、 自动化 生产。 优选地， 所述自动控制设备 70包括在河湖底泥环保疏浚及处理过程中所 设的实吋监测控制技术、 智能分析系统、 PLC全自动控制装置， 以实现对河湖泊 涌中污染底泥的智能辨识、 实吋监测、 故障报警、 应急处置及故障自检等智能 化功能。 利用所述自动控制设备 70可以大幅提高所述污染底泥环保疏浚与配套 系统联动能力， 大幅提高有效生产吋间， 减少运行管理人员， 提高系统运行效 率。
[0059] 在该实施例中， 所述自动控制设备 70用于实现河湖污染底泥环保疏浚与处置系 统的高效自动控制、 互联及适吋检测， 适吋反映上述各设备的状态、 各个连接 管路的压力、 流量、 各个设备的液位及污泥的浓度等参数， 并可以按照工艺流 程一键起停系统及实现各个车间的分部控制和总控， 对于运行中出现设备故障 及紧急事件， 可通过现场紧急按钮进行快速处理和实现自动处理并按序处置、 停机等。
[0060] 本发明实施例提供的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统利用所述在线监 测装置 14、 底泥疏浚设备 10、 所述管道输送设备 20、 垃圾分选设备 30、 所述泥 沙分离设备 40、 所述泥水分离设备 50、 所述泥水净化装置 54、 所述脱水固化设 备 60、 所述调理装置 62、 所述垃圾催化制气装置 36、 所述余土利用模块 80和所 述自动控制装置 70分别对所述污染底泥进行了在线监测、 环保疏浚、 超距运输 、 垃圾分选、 泥沙分离、 泥水分离、 余水净化和脱水固化等处理， 以实现河湖 泊涌污染底泥的"无害化、 规模化、 集成化、 自动化 "高效利用处理， 做到了污染 底泥的逐级减量和无害处置， 实现污染底泥的在线监测、 工业化处理， 并实现 了资源化再生利用。
[0061] 本发明实施例提供的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统还能实现内部水 的循环再利用， 具体地， 所述管道输送设备 20进行清理作业所使用的水、 所述 垃圾分选设备 30在进行垃圾分选和清理作业中所使用的水、 所述泥沙分离设备 4 0所使用的水、 所述泥水分离设备 50所使用的水以及所述脱水固化设备 60中所使 用的水， 均来自余水多级净化装置 54净化处理的可回排余水， 大大减少了接入 市政用水的量， 实现了资源的再利用， 并节约了资源。
[0062] 以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并不用以限制本发明， 凡在本发明的 精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进等， 均应包含在本发明的保 护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统， 其特征在于， 包括用 于对河湖泊涌进行采挖并提取污染底泥的底泥疏浚设备、 一端连通所 述底泥疏浚设备并用于输送所述底泥疏浚设备采挖的所述污染底泥的 管道输送设备、 连接所述管道输送设备另一端并用于对所述管道输送 设备输送的所述污染底泥进行垃圾分离的垃圾分选设备、 用于对所述 垃圾分选设备分选出的泥沙混合物进行分级沉淀以得到可资源再生利 用余砂的泥沙分离设备、 用于对所述泥沙分离设备处理后产生的泥水 混合物进行沉淀和净化处理以得到可回排余水的泥水分离设备、 对所 述泥水分离设备处理后产生的泥浆进行浓缩调理、 改性调质和脱水固 化的脱水固化设备以及自动控制所述底泥疏浚设备、 所述管道输送设 备、 所述垃圾分选设备、 所述泥沙分离设备、 所述泥水分离设备和所 述脱水固化设备的自动控制设备， 所述脱水固化设备将脱水固化过程 中产生的压滤液输送至所述泥水分离设备中， 所述底泥疏浚设备包括 用于对所采挖的所述污染底泥中污染物指标进行实吋监测的在线监测 装置， 所述自动控制设备包括在河湖泊涌底泥环保疏浚及处理过程中 所设的实吋监测控制技术、 智能分析系统、 PLC全自动控制装置。
[权利要求 2] 如权利要求 1所述的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统， 其特 征在于： 所述底泥疏浚设备包括用于对河湖泊涌中的所述污染底泥进 行采挖且具有排泥管和泥泵的挖掘装置， 所述排泥管连接于所述管道 输送设备， 所述泥泵用于提供动力。
[权利要求 3] 如权利要求 2所述的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统， 其特 征在于： 所述在线监测装置设置于所述泥泵末端和所述排泥管前端。
[权利要求 4] 如权利要求 1所述的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统， 其特 征在于： 所述管道输送设备包括多个依次串联连接且连接于所述底泥 疏浚设备与所述垃圾分选设备之间的输送管道以及设置于相邻两所述 输送管道之间以提供输送动力的接力泵站装置。
[权利要求 5] 如权利要求 1所述的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统， 其特 征在于： 所述垃圾分选设备包括用于对所述污染底泥中的垃圾进行分 离和分类的垃圾分选装置以及连通所述管道输送设备末端以收集所述 污染底泥采挖和输送过程中扩散的恶臭气体的臭气收集与处理装置。 如权利要求 1所述的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统， 其特 征在于： 所述泥沙分离设备包括对所述泥沙混合物按颗粒粒径和密度 进行收集和分级沉淀的分级沉沙装置、 对所述分级沉沙装置中的砂料 进行提取的提砂装置以及对所述提砂装置提取出的所述砂料上的附着 污染物进行冲洗的淋洗装置。
如权利要求 1所述的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统， 其特 征在于： 所述泥水分离设备包括对接收的所述泥水混合物进行沉淀并 产生上清液的沉淀装置、 安装于所述沉淀装置上并用于将所述上清液 排出的上清液排出装置以及用于接收所述上清液并对所述上清液进行 多级净化以得到所述可回排余水的余水多级净化装置。
如权利要求 1所述的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统， 其特 征在于： 所述脱水固化设备包括抽取所述泥水分离设备中产生的所述 泥浆并对所述泥浆进行浓缩调理、 改性调质的调理装置以及对所述调 理装置调理后的浓缩调理泥浆进行机械脱水以产生压缩泥饼和所述压 滤液的压滤装置。
如权利要求 8所述的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统， 其特 征在于： 所述脱水固化设备还包括用于将所述压滤液输送至所述泥水 分离设备中以回收所述压滤液中的残留助凝材料来加速泥水分离的压 滤液回收利用装置， 所述压滤液回收利用装置连通于所述压滤装置与 所述泥水分离设备之间。
如权利要求 8所述的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统， 其特 征在于： 所述脱水固化设备还包括用于将所述压滤装置在脱水固化过 程中产生的残余高压气体导入所述调理装置中的气体回收利用装置。 如权利要求 8所述的河湖泊涌污染底泥工业化处理与再生系统， 其特 征在于： 还包括将所述压缩泥饼进行资源化处理以制得可利用建筑材 料和进行资源化利用的余土利用模块。
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