WO2018020848A1 - Dispositif de détection de gaz - Google Patents

Dispositif de détection de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018020848A1
WO2018020848A1 PCT/JP2017/021070 JP2017021070W WO2018020848A1 WO 2018020848 A1 WO2018020848 A1 WO 2018020848A1 JP 2017021070 W JP2017021070 W JP 2017021070W WO 2018020848 A1 WO2018020848 A1 WO 2018020848A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
detection device
gas detection
gas
sensor unit
airflow
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2017/021070
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
魚住　哲生
晋一 松本
Original Assignee
日産自動車株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 日産自動車株式会社 filed Critical 日産自動車株式会社
Publication of WO2018020848A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018020848A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
    • G01N27/12—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluid; of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid, for detecting components in the fluid

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas detection device.
  • a housing case for housing the SOFC is provided.
  • the storage case is provided with a partition.
  • One side of the partition is provided with an SOFC, and the other is provided with a passage.
  • a hole is formed in the partition, and the SOFC arrangement region and the passage communicate with each other through the hole. Therefore, even if the fuel gas leaks from the SOFC, the fuel gas is discharged from the passage to the outside without staying in the storage case.
  • a gas sensor in the passage, for example, when fuel gas leaks, the gas concentration measured by the gas sensor exceeds a predetermined value, so that the gas leak can be detected.
  • a gas sensor for measuring a gas concentration is arranged toward the upstream of an air flow.
  • a semiconductor gas sensor is used to detect the SOFC fuel gas.
  • a semiconductor gas sensor measures gas concentration in a state where it is kept at a measurement temperature by a heater or the like due to its characteristics.
  • the sensor unit including the gas sensor is arranged toward the upstream of the airflow, the airflow directly hits the gas sensor, and it becomes difficult to maintain the measurement temperature. For this reason, there is a risk that the measurement accuracy of the concentration of the gas is lowered.
  • An object of the present invention is to improve the gas detection accuracy by the gas detector.
  • the gas detection device includes a sensor unit that detects gas in the airflow in the passage, and a holding plate that fixes the sensor unit on one surface.
  • the holding plate is disposed so that the other surface is directed upstream of the airflow.
  • FIG. 1A is a sectional view in the axial direction of a passage in which a gas detection device is arranged according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 1B is an axial sectional view of a passage in which the gas detection device is arranged.
  • FIG. 1C is a sectional view in the axial direction of a passage in which the gas detection device is arranged.
  • FIG. 1D is a diagram illustrating another arrangement example of the gas detection device.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fuel cell system according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is an external view of the duct.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the sensor unit.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the sensing element.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the airflow around the sensor unit.
  • FIG. 1A is a sectional view in the axial direction of a passage in which a gas detection device is arranged according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 1B is an axial sectional view of a passage
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the duct.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the correlation between the gas concentration and the resistance value of the platinum wire.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the duct of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the sensor unit.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the duct of the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the duct of the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 1A is an axial cross-sectional view of a passage in which the gas detection device of the first embodiment is arranged.
  • FIG. 1B is a perspective view of a passage in which the gas detection device is arranged.
  • FIG. 1C is a radial cross-sectional view of a passage in which the gas detection device is arranged.
  • a sensor unit 3 for measuring a gas concentration fixed to a rectangular holding plate 2 is provided in a cylindrical passage 1 through which an airflow flows.
  • the holding plate 2 is attached to the passage 1 at its four corners using brackets 4.
  • the outer shape of the holding plate 2 is larger than the outer shape of the sensor unit 3.
  • the holding plate 2 for fixing the sensor unit 3 is provided so as to be substantially orthogonal to the airflow.
  • the sensor unit 3 is provided with a gas sensor 31 for detecting a gas concentration so as to be embedded in a surface opposite to the surface fixed to the holding plate 2.
  • a controller (not shown) is connected to the sensor unit 3 and, when the gas concentration measured by the gas sensor 31 exceeds the allowable value, notifies the user that gas leakage has been detected.
  • the gas sensor 31 is a semiconductor type, and measures the gas concentration while maintaining the measurement temperature (for example, 400 ° C.). However, if the air current directly blows on the gas sensor 31, it becomes difficult to maintain the gas sensor 31 at the measurement temperature, and thus the gas concentration cannot be measured accurately.
  • the airflow flowing through the passage 1 flows so as to bypass the holding plate 2 when hitting the back surface of the holding plate 2. And the gas sensor 31 detects the gas in the detoured airflow.
  • the gas sensor 31 can be easily maintained at the measurement temperature, so that it is possible to suppress a decrease in the measurement accuracy of the gas concentration. Further, when foreign matter is mixed in the airflow, it is prevented that the foreign matter hits the gas sensor 31, so that physical damage to the gas sensor 31 can be prevented.
  • FIG. 1D is a diagram illustrating another arrangement example of the sensor unit 3.
  • the holding plate 2 for fixing the sensor unit 3 is provided so as to be inclined with respect to the air current. Even if it arrange
  • the sensor unit 3 was fixed with the bracket 4, it is not restricted to this.
  • the sensor unit 3 may be fixed by a mesh-like member having a small hole.
  • the sensor unit 3 that detects gas in the airflow in the passage 1 and the holding plate 2 that fixes the sensor unit 3 to one surface (surface) on the downstream side are provided.
  • maintenance board 2 is arrange
  • the airflow is prevented from directly blowing on the gas sensor 31 provided in the sensor unit 3. Therefore, it becomes easy to maintain the gas sensor 31 at the measurement temperature, and the temperature change is suppressed, so that the gas detection accuracy can be improved. Further, when foreign matter is mixed in the airflow, it is prevented that the foreign matter hits the gas sensor 31, so that physical damage to the gas sensor 31 can be prevented.
  • the holding plate 2 is disposed so as to be substantially orthogonal to the airflow in the passage 1.
  • the airflow circulates around the holding plate 2 and the gas becomes more difficult to blow against the gas sensor 31, so that the gas detection accuracy can be improved.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell system 100 of the second embodiment.
  • the fuel cell system 100 is also referred to as an APU (Auxiliary Power Unit), and a fuel cell stack 5 that generates power using fuel gas such as hydrogen and air is housed in a housing case 6.
  • APU Advanced Power Unit
  • a fuel cell stack 5 that generates power using fuel gas such as hydrogen and air is housed in a housing case 6.
  • the partition 61 is provided, so that two regions are formed on the upper and lower sides.
  • the fuel cell stack 5 is accommodated in one region, and the other region becomes the passage 1.
  • the partition 61 is provided with a plurality of holes 62, and the passage 1 and the accommodation area of the fuel cell stack 5 communicate with each other through the holes 62.
  • the fuel cell stack 5 is, for example, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC).
  • the passage 1 is provided with an intake port 11 for sucking air and an exhaust port 12 for discharging air.
  • a fan 7 is provided in the passage 1 in the vicinity of the exhaust port 12. As the fan 7 rotates, the air sucked from the intake port 11 is discharged from the exhaust port 12.
  • a duct 8 is provided on the outer surface of the housing case 6 so as to cover the exhaust port 12, and the duct 8 includes a duct discharge port 81 facing downward. Inside the duct 8, the holding unit 2 is fixed using the bracket 4 so as to straddle the exhaust port 12, and the sensor unit 3 capable of detecting gas is fixed to the holding unit 2.
  • FIG. 3 is an external view of the fuel cell system 100.
  • the controller 9 that controls the sensor unit 3 is provided outside the duct 8.
  • the controller 9 controls the sensor unit 3 by communication via the cable 10.
  • the controller 9 measures the gas concentration of the airflow in the passage 1 and, when the measured gas concentration exceeds the allowable value, notifies the user that gas leakage has been detected.
  • the cable 10 is wired so as to pass through the duct outlet 81. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a hole or the like for passing the cable 10 in the duct 8.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the sensor unit 3.
  • a surface surface on the left back side of the drawing
  • a surface on the opposite side of the back surface surface on the right front side of the drawing. It shall be called the surface.
  • upstream of airflow is simply referred to as “upstream”
  • downstream of airflow is simply referred to as “downstream”.
  • the holding case 22 is fixed to the surface of the bracket 4 via the holding bracket 21.
  • the holding bracket 21 and the holding case 22 constitute the holding unit 2 corresponding to the holding plate in the first embodiment.
  • the sensor unit 3 is provided in the holding case 22.
  • the bracket 4 is a plate-like member provided so as to cover the exhaust port 12, and includes a leg 41 positioned at the upper and lower ends, a holding portion 2, and a plate 42 that fixes the sensor unit 3.
  • the leg 41 is inclined with respect to the plate 42 and is fixed to the outer surface of the housing case 6 so as to straddle the exhaust port 12.
  • the holding bracket 21 and the holding case 22 configured in a step shape are fixed to the surface of the plate 42, so that the entire sensor unit 3 accommodated in the holding case 22 is fixed. Therefore, the holding bracket 21 and the back surface of the holding case 22 are directed upstream. Then, the airflow discharged from the exhaust port 12 passes between the legs 41 provided in the vertical direction, wraps around the plate 42 and the holding unit 2 and reaches the sensor unit 3.
  • the sensor unit 3 is fixed in a holding case 22 fixed on the surface of the holding bracket 21.
  • the holding case 22 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped opening on the surface side, and accommodates the cylindrical sensor unit 3 therein.
  • four sensor units 3 are provided. When each sensor unit 3 detects one type or a plurality of types of gas, many types of gas can be detected.
  • the sensor unit 3 is a semiconductor gas sensor including a cylindrical sensor casing 32 and a gas sensor 31 disposed in an opening 33 provided in the sensor casing 32.
  • the opening 33 provided in the sensor housing 32 is provided so as not to go upstream of the airflow from the exhaust port 12, that is, toward the downstream of the airflow.
  • the gas sensor 31 is connected to the cable 10.
  • the controller 9 is connected to the gas sensor 31 via the cable 10 to measure the gas concentration and detect that the gas has exceeded the allowable concentration.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the gas sensor 31 of the sensor unit 3.
  • the gas sensor 31 includes a platinum wire 311, a semiconductor 312 covering the platinum wire 311, and a heater 313 for heating the platinum wire 311 and the semiconductor 312.
  • the resistance of the semiconductor 312 changes. Since the resistance of the semiconductor 312 changes depending on the temperature, the heater 313 is controlled so as to keep the semiconductor 312 at a measurement temperature (for example, 400 degrees Celsius).
  • the sensor unit 3 is provided with a temperature sensor (not shown) together with the gas sensor 31. Measurement of the resistance of the semiconductor 312, control of the heater 313, measurement of gas concentration, and the like are performed by the controller 9.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the airflow around the sensor unit 3.
  • the airflow from the exhaust port 12 blows against the back surface of the plate 42 of the bracket 4 and the back surface of the holding case 22. That is, the airflow blows to the surface where the sensor unit 3 is not fixed.
  • the airflow passes between the legs 41 provided in the vertical direction of the drawing, wraps around the plate 42, the holding bracket 21, and the holding case 22, and reaches the sensor units 3 aligned in the holding case 22.
  • the sensor housing 32 is provided with an opening 33 directed downstream, and the gas sensor 31 is provided in the opening 33. Due to such a configuration, the air current does not directly blow to the gas sensor 31.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the duct 8.
  • the airflow discharged from the exhaust port 12 hits the plate 42, it passes between the legs 41 and flows upward and downward of the duct 8.
  • the upward airflow flows along the upper surface 82 of the duct 8 and the side surface 83 facing the sensor unit 3, and is discharged from a duct outlet 81 provided below.
  • the downward airflow flows along the lower surface 84 of the duct 8 and is discharged from the duct discharge port 81.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a correlation between the gas concentration C around the gas sensor 31 and the resistance value R of the semiconductor 312 when the heater 313 is controlled so that the semiconductor 312 of the gas sensor 31 reaches the measured temperature.
  • the horizontal axis (x-axis) shows the gas concentration C
  • the vertical axis (y-axis) shows the resistance value R of the semiconductor 312.
  • the solid line in this figure shows the correlation in the case where the gas sensor 31 is not directly exposed to the airflow, that is, in this embodiment.
  • the temperature drop of the gas sensor 31 due to the airflow is suppressed. Therefore, the semiconductor 312 is easily maintained at the measurement temperature, and the correlation is not easily affected by the temperature change. Therefore, the controller 9 can measure the gas concentration C using the measured resistance value R and this correlation.
  • the broken line shows the correlation when the airflow directly hits the gas sensor 31 as a comparative example.
  • the correlation includes the influence of temperature change, and the correlation changes. Therefore, there is a possibility that the gas concentration C cannot be accurately calculated from the resistance value R.
  • the gas sensor 31 is not directly exposed to the airflow, so that the gas concentration measurement accuracy can be improved. Furthermore, physical damage to the gas sensor 31 can be prevented.
  • the sensor unit 3 that detects gas in the airflow in the passage 1 and the holding unit 2 that fixes the sensor unit 3 to one surface (surface) on the downstream side are provided.
  • maintenance part 2 is arrange
  • the air current blows against the back surface of the plate 42 of the bracket 4 and the back surface of the holding case 22 and bypasses the plate 42 and the holding case 22. Therefore, it is prevented that the airflow blows directly on the gas sensor 31 of the sensor unit 3. Therefore, the gas sensor 31 is easily maintained at the measurement temperature and the temperature change is suppressed, so that the gas detection accuracy can be improved. Further, when foreign matter is mixed in the airflow, it is prevented that the foreign matter hits the gas sensor 31, so that physical damage to the gas sensor 31 can be prevented.
  • the gas sensor 31 is disposed in the opening 33 formed in the sensor housing 32.
  • casing 32 has the opening 33 arrange
  • the bracket 4 includes the plate 42 that fixes the sensor unit 3 and the legs 41 that are connected to both ends of the plate 42.
  • the bracket 4 is fixed by the legs 41 so that the plate 42 faces the exhaust port 12.
  • the fan 7 is provided upstream of the sensor unit 3.
  • the airflow flowing out from the exhaust port 12 of the passage 1 is likely to blow against the plate 42. Therefore, turbulent flow is likely to occur around the sensor unit 3, and stagnation is suppressed, so that the gas detection accuracy can be improved.
  • the fuel cell stack 5 and the passage 1 are housed in the housing case 6. Further, the storage area of the fuel cell stack 5 and the passage 1 are separated by a partition 61 provided with a hole 62. The accommodation area of the fuel cell stack 5 and the passage 1 communicate with each other through the hole 62. With such a configuration, even when the fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell stack 5 leaks, the fuel gas does not stay in the housing case 6 and is discharged outside through the passage 1. Since the sensor unit 3 is provided in the airflow flowing through the passage 1, leakage of the fuel gas can be detected, so that safety can be improved.
  • the holding unit 2, the sensor unit 3, and the duct 8 that covers the bracket 4 are provided.
  • the airflow from the exhaust port 12 is discharged from the duct discharge port 81.
  • the airflow appropriately flows around the gas sensor 31 in the duct 8. Thereby, since the stagnation of the airflow is suppressed, the gas detection accuracy can be improved.
  • the cable 10 that connects the sensor unit 3 and the controller 9 is provided along the surfaces of the legs 41 and the plate 42 of the bracket 4.
  • the controller 9 is provided outside the housing case 6.
  • the heat resistance temperature of the sensor unit 3 is high, but the heat resistance temperature is low because the controller 9 is a precision instrument.
  • the inside of the APU 6 becomes high temperature, so that the airflow flowing through the passage 1 and the duct 8 also becomes high temperature.
  • the controller 9 can be used appropriately below the heat-resistant temperature.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the duct 8 of the third embodiment.
  • the rectifying plate 13 is provided between the sensor unit 3 and the side face 83 of the duct 8 so as to be separated from the side face 83.
  • the current plate 13 is attached to the side surface 83 by a bracket (not shown). Since the air flow around the bracket 4 and the holding portion 2 is adjusted between the sensor unit 3 and the side surface 83 by the rectifying plate 13, the occurrence of stagnation is suppressed, and the gas detection accuracy can be improved. it can.
  • the rectifying plate 13 has been described by using an example in which the rectifying plate 13 is provided on the projection surface onto the side surface 83 so as to be disposed outside the plate 42 of the bracket 4 in the vertical direction. Not exclusively.
  • the rectifying plate 13 may be provided so as to be disposed on the inner side in the vertical direction of the plate 42 on the projection surface onto the side surface 83.
  • the rectifying plate 13 has been described using an example in which the rectifying plate 13 is parallel to the side surface 83, the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the rectifying plate 13 may be inclined with respect to the side surface 83.
  • the rectifying plate 13 is provided on the downstream side of the bracket 4 and the holding unit 2. Since the airflow around the holding portion 2 is adjusted by the rectifying plate 13, stagnation of the airflow between the sensor unit 3 and the side surface 83 is suppressed, and the gas detection accuracy can be improved.
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the sensor unit 3 of the fourth embodiment.
  • the notch 43 is provided in the vicinity of the center of the two sides of the bracket 4 in the vertical direction of the drawing, so that four legs 41A to 41D are formed. ing. Two legs 41A and 41B are fixed above the exhaust port 12, and two legs 41C and 41D are fixed below the exhaust port 12.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the duct 8.
  • the airflow from the exhaust port 12 blows to the back surface of the plate 42.
  • the airflow passes through the side of the plate 42, that is, between the legs 41A and 41C provided in the vertical direction of the drawing and between the legs 41B and 41D. Further, the airflow passes through the notches 43 provided in the vertical direction of the plate 42, that is, between the legs 41A and 41B and between the legs 41C and 41D. Then, the airflow flows toward the upper surface 82 and the lower surface 84 of the duct 8.
  • the gas sensor 31 can detect the gas with high accuracy.
  • the leg 41 of the bracket 4 is provided with a notch 43 at a location fixed to the housing case 6.
  • the airflow blown against the plate 42 of the bracket 4 passes through the notch 43 and wraps around the surface of the plate 42.
  • the air flow is easily divided by the plate 42, so that turbulent flow is likely to occur in the duct 8, and gas retention is prevented. Therefore, the gas detection accuracy can be improved.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the duct 8 of the fifth embodiment.
  • the lower leg 41 of the bracket 4 is fixed to the duct discharge port 81.
  • the cable 10 is routed along the plate 42 and the legs 41 so as to pass through the duct discharge port 81.
  • the sensor unit 3 and the controller 9 provided outside the duct 8 are connected via the cable 10.
  • the cable 10 is provided so as to pass through the duct discharge port 81. By doing in this way, it becomes unnecessary to provide the hole which lets the cable 10 pass separately. Further, since the airflow is not directly applied to the cable 10, it is prevented that the cable 10 becomes high temperature. Thereby, since the communication between the sensor unit 3 and the controller 9 is stabilized, the gas detection accuracy can be improved.
  • the gas detection apparatus which detects the gas in the channel
  • the fuel cell stack 5 may not be provided.
  • the detection accuracy of gas can be improved by using the structure of the gas detection apparatus of this embodiment.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Fluid Adsorption Or Reactions (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de détection de gaz qui est pourvu d'une unité de capteur qui détecte un gaz dans un flux d'air à l'intérieur d'un passage, et d'une plaque de retenue comportant une surface à laquelle l'unité de capteur est fixée. La plaque de retenue est disposée de sorte que l'autre surface de celle-ci soit face au côté amont du flux d'air.
PCT/JP2017/021070 2016-07-29 2017-06-07 Dispositif de détection de gaz WO2018020848A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016149286A JP2018017648A (ja) 2016-07-29 2016-07-29 ガス検知装置
JP2016-149286 2016-07-29

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WO2018020848A1 true WO2018020848A1 (fr) 2018-02-01

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PCT/JP2017/021070 WO2018020848A1 (fr) 2016-07-29 2017-06-07 Dispositif de détection de gaz

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004134181A (ja) * 2002-10-09 2004-04-30 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 燃料電池容器構造
JP2006302606A (ja) * 2005-04-19 2006-11-02 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 燃料電池収納ケース
JP2007071604A (ja) * 2005-09-05 2007-03-22 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd ガス検出装置
JP2007309908A (ja) * 2006-05-22 2007-11-29 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 水素センサ
JP2009205825A (ja) * 2008-02-26 2009-09-10 Kyocera Corp 燃料電池装置
JP2012190811A (ja) * 2012-06-05 2012-10-04 Panasonic Corp 燃料電池発電システム
JP2014222213A (ja) * 2013-05-14 2014-11-27 ホシデン株式会社 ガス計測装置およびガス検出装置

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004134181A (ja) * 2002-10-09 2004-04-30 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 燃料電池容器構造
JP2006302606A (ja) * 2005-04-19 2006-11-02 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 燃料電池収納ケース
JP2007071604A (ja) * 2005-09-05 2007-03-22 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd ガス検出装置
JP2007309908A (ja) * 2006-05-22 2007-11-29 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 水素センサ
JP2009205825A (ja) * 2008-02-26 2009-09-10 Kyocera Corp 燃料電池装置
JP2012190811A (ja) * 2012-06-05 2012-10-04 Panasonic Corp 燃料電池発電システム
JP2014222213A (ja) * 2013-05-14 2014-11-27 ホシデン株式会社 ガス計測装置およびガス検出装置

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