WO2018019295A1 - 一种加热料层的方法和移动床系统 - Google Patents

一种加热料层的方法和移动床系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018019295A1
WO2018019295A1 PCT/CN2017/094929 CN2017094929W WO2018019295A1 WO 2018019295 A1 WO2018019295 A1 WO 2018019295A1 CN 2017094929 W CN2017094929 W CN 2017094929W WO 2018019295 A1 WO2018019295 A1 WO 2018019295A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
moving bed
trolley
material layer
heated
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PCT/CN2017/094929
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
付晓惠
Original Assignee
付晓惠
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201610786524.7A external-priority patent/CN107663581B/zh
Application filed by 付晓惠 filed Critical 付晓惠
Priority to CN201780001301.8A priority Critical patent/CN108473875B/zh
Publication of WO2018019295A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018019295A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B7/00—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven
    • C10B7/10—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven with conveyor-screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/18—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with moving charge
    • C10B47/20—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with moving charge according to the moving bed type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/28—Other processes
    • C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
    • C10B47/44—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with conveyor-screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
    • C22B1/22—Sintering; Agglomerating in other sintering apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for heating materials, in particular to a method for heating a material layer on a moving bed, which is suitable for the technical fields of material drying, drying, roasting and the like.
  • the application also relates to a moving bed system.
  • Example 1 "A multi-stage discharge moving bed dry distillation heating furnace" [Application Publication No. CN104164241.A], the method of heating the material layer includes: (1) the material forming the material layer is a bulk material, Or pelletized material, or powdered material, (2) moving bed carrying material layer on one plane when carrying the material layer in the bearing material layer, moving the bed layer of the moving bed in the horizontal direction (3) moving bed bearing material The layer is not gas-permeable, (4) the moving bed is moved to the feeding position to add a new layer, (5) the moving bed carrier layer is moved from the feeding position to the discharging position at a uniform speed, (6) the upper layer Absorbing the heat of the heating layer, the heat is transferred to the lower layer by the upper layer, (7) the upper layer is heated before the lower layer to the process requirement, and (8) is moved to the discharge to heat up The upper layer of the upper layer of the material required by the process is heated layer by layer to meet the process requirements, and (9) is moved to the upper
  • the layer is discharged layer by layer, (10) is closer to the moving bed carrier layer
  • the lower layer of the material is discharged after being heated to the process requirements of the moving bed support layer, and (11) is heated to the thickness of the material layer that meets the process requirements and is consistent with the thickness of the new material layer after heating to the process requirements.
  • the method for heating the material layer solves the problem of large difference in heating rate of the upper and lower material layers by discharging the upper layer which is heated to reach the process requirement, thereby improving the uniformity of material heating.
  • the method of heating the layer can make the lower layer near the moving bed load layer upper and lower
  • the material layer is heated to the same temperature under the same temperature condition, but the method of heating the material layer can heat the lower layer of the material near the moving bed carrying material layer to the same temperature as the upper layer.
  • a new technical contradiction is caused, that is, the lower layer of the material layer closer to the moving bed load layer is heated to the same temperature as the upper layer, and is closer to the moving bed carrier layer.
  • the lower part of the lower layer of the part is inevitably subjected to the corresponding thermal strength, so that the lower part of the lower layer than the part of the moving bed is not subjected to the corresponding thermal strength, and is closer to the moving bed carrying layer.
  • the lower layer of material cannot be heated to the same level as the upper layer. Under the condition that other factors are constant, heating the lower layer of the material closer to the moving bed load layer to the temperature required by the process will inevitably increase the heat load on the moving bed load layer, which means increase The heat loss at the bottom of the furnace reduces the efficiency of heat energy utilization.
  • Example 2 "Optimizing the characteristics of iron-oxidized pellets" [Sintered pellets, No. 3, 1983, No. 3] introduced the method of roasting iron ore pellets, and the method of heating the layer includes: (1) The material forming the material layer is an iron ore pellet material, or an iron ore pellet material with a small amount of carbonaceous fuel therein, and (2) a plurality of trolleys in which the head end and the tail end are sequentially connected to form a moving bed carrier material.
  • the layer part that is, the plurality of the first end and the tail end are connected in sequence to form the belt-bearing layer of the belt-type roasting machine, and the geometrical shape and geometrical parameters of the corresponding parts of each trolley are the same, and the purlins on the bottom of the trolley are distributed in the On one plane, there are fences on both sides of the trolley bottom.
  • the material layer on the trolley passes through the belt roasting drying section, the preheating section, the roasting section and the cooling section, (6)
  • the heat carrier gas enters the material layer from the top of the layer, and the exhaust gas
  • the bottom of the layer leaves the material layer and passes through the gap between the purlins distributed on the bottom of the trolley to enter the bellows under the trolley.
  • the upper part of the trolley The baking process is completed in both the layer and the lower layer.
  • the new technical contradiction is that the lower layer of the material layer closer to the moving bed load layer should be heated to the same process temperature as the upper layer.
  • the temperature of the heat-carrying tail gas passing through the bottom of the lower layer closer to the moving bed load-bearing layer is necessarily to be heated to the lower layer of the moving bed-carrying layer at the same temperature as the upper layer.
  • the temperature of the heat-carrying exhaust gas corresponding to the process requirements is met; the temperature of the heat-carrying tail gas passing through the bottom of the lower layer of the material layer closer to the moving bed is not closer to the lower layer of the moving bed load-bearing layer.
  • the upper layer is heated under the same temperature condition to reach the corresponding heat-carrying tail gas temperature of the process, and is closer to the lower layer of the moving bed load layer. Not depending on heating temperature under the same conditions than the upper layers to meet process requirements. Under the condition that other factors are constant, as long as the lower layer of the material closer to the moving bed load layer is heated to the temperature required by the process, the lower layer is more likely to pass through the portion of the moving bed.
  • the temperature of the bottom carrier heat carrier which means lowering the heat energy utilization efficiency of the heat carrier gas and increasing the heat load of the moving bed load layer.
  • the sintering process introduced by the method of heating the material layer includes: (1) formation
  • the material of the material layer is a pelletized material with carbonaceous fuel in the iron ore powder, and (2) a plurality of trolleys whose front end and the tail end are connected in sequence constitute a moving bed carrying material layer portion, that is, a plurality of head ends and The trolleys connected in turn form the belt-bearing layer of the belt sintering machine.
  • the geometrical shape and geometric parameters of the corresponding parts of each trolley are the same.
  • the rafters on the bottom of the trolley are distributed on one plane.
  • the combustion exhaust gas leaves the material layer from the bottom of the material layer, passes through the gap between the purlins distributed on the bottom of the trolley, and enters the bellows under the trolley.
  • the combustion layer of the material layer moves from top to bottom, and the upper layer is earlier than the upper layer.
  • the lower layer completes the combustion process, and (8) the combustion air is heated by the layer of the combustion process through the layer of the combustion process, and the residual heat in the layer of the combustion process is carried by the combustion air to the layer below the combustion process.
  • the thickness of the material layer heated to the process requirements is the same as the thickness of the new material layer after heating to the process requirements.
  • the method of heating the layer has the limitation that the lower layer which is closer to the moving bed load layer needs to complete the combustion process closer to the moving bed carrier layer, so that the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas passing through the bottom of the layer is higher.
  • the lower material layer completes the combustion exhaust gas temperature in the combustion process near the moving bed load material layer, affects the heat energy utilization efficiency, and the trolley beam is subjected to large heat intensity, which affects the service life of the purlin.
  • the heating layer disclosed in the publication No. CN 104164241.A is adopted, the upper layer of the finished combustion process is discharged, and the lower layer of the material layer closer to the moving bed is still required to be placed closer to the moving bed.
  • the combustion process is completed in the material layer, and the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas passing through the bottom of the material layer is still the combustion exhaust gas temperature corresponding to the completion of the combustion process in the lower material layer near the moving bed carrier layer.
  • the portion of the load-bearing layer is subjected to the corresponding thermal strength.
  • the lower material layer closer to the moving bed load-bearing material layer is heated to the same temperature as the upper material layer to reach the process requirement, which is inevitably brought closer to the moving bed.
  • Lower layer of material layer The following parts are subjected to the corresponding thermal strength.
  • the result of the new technical contradiction is that either the lower layer that is closer to the moving bed load layer is not heated to the same temperature as the upper layer, or the thermal energy efficiency is reduced.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the method for heating a material layer provided by the present application is that under the condition that the heat carrier tail gas passes through the bottom of the material layer and the moving bed load material layer portion, the lower material layer can be made higher than the upper layer.
  • the material layer is heated at the same temperature to meet the process requirements, and the temperature of the heat-carrying tail gas passing through the bottom of the material layer and the moving bed load material layer is not made to heat the lower layer to the same temperature as the upper layer.
  • both the lower material layer and the lower material layer can be Heating to the process requirements under the same temperature conditions of the upper layer, and subjecting the moving bed load layer to the corresponding thermal strength.
  • the technical problem to be solved is that when the trolley constituting the moving bed is moved to the unloading position of the discharge bed of the moving bed, the upper layer of the material on the trolley meets the process requirements and the process is not reached.
  • the lower layer required can be continuously discharged separately, and the lower layer discharged from the discharge end of each moving bed can be moved by gravity to the corresponding moving bed that receives the lower layer to receive the lower part.
  • the location of the material layer covers the new material layer to create the necessary conditions.
  • the present application provides the following technical solutions.
  • a moving bed composed of a plurality of trolleys in which the head end and the tail end are sequentially connected.
  • the trolley moves from the feeding position of the moving bed feeding end to the discharging position of the moving bed discharging end at a constant speed.
  • the trolley moves to the unloading end of the moving bed and flips.
  • the surface of the trolley bottom directly contacting the material layer is in the same plane as the surface of the trolley directly contacting the material layer. Move on the surface.
  • any of the moving beds undertakes a position where the lower layer of the material that does not meet the process requirements covers the new layer, below the discharge end of the moving bed.
  • the inclination of the surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the layer of the material and the horizontal plane is smaller than that of the platform.
  • the moving bed receives a location where the lower layer of material covers the new layer of material below the discharge end of the moving bed.
  • the trolley constituting the moving bed has a sloped spiral surface on the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer. Moreover, the oblique helix surface where the bottom of the vehicle is directly at right angle is located above the other positive helix surface or above the other oblique spiral surface.
  • Any one of the moving beds undertakes a position where the lower layer of material that does not meet the process requirements covers the new layer, below the discharge end of the other of the moving beds.
  • Scheme 2-1-1 The trolley constituting the moving bed, the surface on which the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer is an oblique spiral surface. And, the trolley constituting the moving bed has a bottom surface directly contacting the oblique spiral surface of the material layer portion, above the other positive spiral surface, or above another oblique spiral surface, One of them.
  • the trolley constituting the moving bed has a cylindrical surface on the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer. And, the trolley constituting the moving bed is directly connected to the bottom of the vehicle The cylindrical surface where the contact layer is located is above a rectangular plane.
  • the trolley constituting one of the moving beds, the surface on which the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer is an oblique spiral surface; and the trolley constituting the other moving bed, the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer
  • the face is a section of conical surface.
  • the trolley constituting one of the moving beds, the surface on which the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer is a conical surface; and the trolley constituting the other moving bed, where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer
  • the face is a conical surface.
  • Any one of the moving beds receives a location where the lower layer covers the new layer, below the other of the moving bed discharge ends adjacent thereto.
  • Scheme 3-1-1 The trolley constituting the moving bed, the surface on which the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer is a diagonal spiral surface. And, in the trolley constituting the moving bed, the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the oblique spiral surface where the material layer portion is located, above the other positive spiral surface, or above the other oblique spiral surface, One.
  • the trolley constituting the moving bed has a conical surface on the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer. Moreover, the trolley constituting the moving bed has a bottom surface directly contacting the conical surface where the material layer portion is located, above the other conical surface, or above a segment of the fan surface, either one.
  • Scheme 3-2 the trolley constituting one of the moving beds, the surface of the trolley directly under the surface where the material layer is located is a conical surface; the trolley constituting the other two of the moving beds, The surface below the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer is a fan.
  • the trolley constituting the moving bed has a conical surface on the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer.
  • Scheme 3-3 The trolley constituting one of the moving beds, the surface below the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer is a fan, and the other two of the moving beds are formed.
  • the surface below the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the layer of the material is a conical surface.
  • the trolley constituting the moving bed has a conical surface on the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer.
  • Any one of the moving beds receives a location where the lower layer covers the new layer, below the other of the moving bed discharge ends adjacent thereto.
  • Scheme 4-1 The trolley constituting the moving bed, the surface on which the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer is a diagonal spiral surface. And, in the trolley constituting the moving bed, the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the oblique spiral surface where the material layer portion is located, above the other positive spiral surface, or above the other oblique spiral surface, One.
  • the trolley constituting the moving bed has a conical surface on the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer. Moreover, the trolley constituting the moving bed has a bottom surface directly contacting the conical surface where the material layer portion is located, above the other conical surface, or above a segment of the fan surface, either one.
  • the trolley constituting the moving bed, the front end and the rear end of the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer portion are on the end surface of the first end end and the end end of the bottom of the bogie, or with the table The end face and the end face of the bottom of the vehicle are close to each other.
  • the trolley constituting the moving bed, the front end and the trailing end of the surface below the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer portion are on the end surface of the first end and the end end of the bottom of the trolley.
  • the trolley constituting the moving bed, the angle between the front end and the rear end of the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer portion is opposite to the surface below the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer portion The angle between the leading end and the trailing end is the same.
  • the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the layer of the material
  • the surface below the surface on which it is located moves on a surface that coincides with the surface below the surface on which the bottom of the trolley is directly in contact with the material layer.
  • the axis of the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the layer of the material layer is perpendicular to the axis of the surface below the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the layer of the material, and intersects .
  • the straight busbar of the surface below the surface directly facing the material layer portion of the trolley is along its axis along the surface of the trolley where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the surface where the material layer is located.
  • the number of the trolleys between the tail end of the trolley from the loading position of the moving bed feeding end to the head end of the trolley where the moving bed discharge end trolley is about to be reversed is determined
  • the trolley constituting the moving bed has an angle at which the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the angle between the head end and the tail end where the material layer portion is located.
  • the surface of the trolley directly contacting the material layer is a diagonal spiral surface, and the trolley constituting the moving bed is directly at the bottom of the trolley.
  • the surface below the surface where the contact layer portion is located is a section of a helix surface, or a section of oblique helix surface, or where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacting the material layer is located in the trolley constituting the moving bed.
  • the surface is a conical surface, and the trolley constituting the moving bed is in the condition that the surface below the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer is a conical surface or a fan surface:
  • the axis of the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the layer of the material layer is perpendicular to the axis of the surface below the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the layer of the material, and intersects .
  • the straight busbar of the surface below the surface directly facing the material layer portion of the trolley is along its axis along the surface of the trolley where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the surface where the material layer is located.
  • an angle of rotation of the bottom end of the trolley from a position at which the tail end of the trolley of the moving bed feeding end feeding position is rotated to a position where the moving bed discharge end trolley is about to be turned over, and From the tail end of the trolley at the feed end of the moving bed to the moving bed discharge end trolley. The number of the trolleys between the head ends of the trolleys at the position where the rollover is about to occur, determining the head end of the trolley that constitutes the moving bed, and the bottom of the vehicle directly contacting the material layer portion The angle of the angle between the ends.
  • scheme 1 from the loading position of the trolley at the feeding end of the moving bed to the position where the trolley is about to be turned over at the unloading end of the moving bed,
  • the surface of the trolley in which the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the surface of the layer is moved on a surface that coincides with the surface below the surface on which the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the layer of the material.
  • the material layer is carried by the moving bed with the support layer moving along with the portion of the carrier layer.
  • the new bed layer is added when the moving bed carrier layer portion is moved to the position where the new layer is added.
  • the moving bed load layer layer moves at a constant speed from the feeding position to the discharging position.
  • the upper layer is heated prior to the lower layer to meet the process requirements.
  • the upper layer that is moved to the unloading position that is heated to the upper layer level required to achieve the process is heated to the process requirements.
  • the upper layer which is moved to the upper layer level which is heated to the upper layer of the process to discharge the process requirements is discharged.
  • the thickness of the upper layer which is heated to the process requirement is the same as the thickness of the new layer added after heating to the process requirements.
  • the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirements is discharged to the unloaded position of the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirement.
  • the unloaded lower layer that has not been heated to meet the process requirements is moved to a corresponding moving bed to receive the position of the lower layer covering the new layer that is not heated to the process requirement,
  • the lower layer of material that has not been heated to the process requirements covers the new layer.
  • the material forming the layer is a pelletized material with a carbonaceous fuel.
  • the combustion air enters the layer from the top of the layer, burns the carbonaceous fuel in the pellet of the layer, and the combustion exhaust exits from the bottom of the new layer.
  • the material layer enters the exhaust gas box below the moving bed.
  • the pellet burnt layer moves from top to bottom.
  • the combustion air passes through the layer of the combustion process, it is heated by the layer of the combustion process.
  • the residual heat in the layer of the combustion process is carried by the combustion air to the layer below the layer where the combustion process is completed.
  • the number of the moving beds constituting the moving bed system is one, or two, or three, or four.
  • a moving bed composed of a trolley having a ventilating function at the bottom of the trolley, for example, a surface on which the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is composed of a rafter having a gap between the rafter and the rafter.
  • Scheme 1-1 The upper layer is heated to the process requirement, specifically: a portion of the layer that is moved to the discharge layer of the moving bed to complete the combustion process; and the heating is not up to the process requirements.
  • the lower layer is specifically: another portion of the layer that is moved to the discharge end of the moving bed and completes the combustion process and the layer that has not completed the combustion process.
  • Scheme 1-1-1 heating the upper layer to the process requirement, specifically: moving to the discharge bed end of the moving bed to cover the new layer to cover the new layer to the process requirements a portion of the lower layer of material; the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements, specifically: the portion of the unloading end of the moving bed that covers the new layer at a location covering the new layer Heating to another portion of the lower layer and the new layer that meet the process requirements.
  • Scheme 1-1-2 heating the upper layer to the process requirement, specifically: moving to the discharge bed end of the moving bed to cover the new layer to cover the new layer to the process requirements
  • the lower layer of material the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements, specifically: a new layer that moves to the discharge end of the moving bed.
  • Scheme 1-1-3 heating the upper layer to the process requirement, specifically: moving to the discharge bed end of the moving bed to cover the new layer to cover the new layer to the process requirements a lower layer of material and a portion of the layer of the new layer; the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements, specifically: another portion of the layer that is moved to the new layer at the discharge end of the moving bed.
  • Scheme 1-2 The upper layer is heated to the process requirement, specifically: a layer that is moved to the discharge end of the moving bed to complete the combustion process; and the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements, It is: a layer that is moved to the unfinished combustion process at the discharge end of the moving bed.
  • the moving bed where the surface of the trolley directly contacting the material layer is a moving bed composed of a diagonal spiral surface.
  • the surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the layer of the material is a section of the cone Into the moving bed.
  • a moving bed adopts a moving bed composed of a trolley with a diagonally spiral surface on the side where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer, and the other movable bed adopts a surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the layer of the material.
  • a moving bed consisting of a cone-shaped trolley.
  • the thickness of the material layer is less than the thickness of the material layer.
  • the material forming the layer is a pellet material, or a pelletized material after the ore is crushed, or a granular grain.
  • the heat carrier gas enters the layer from the top of the layer, and the heat carrier tail gas leaves the layer from the bottom of the new layer and passes through the moving bed carrier layer. Enter the exhaust box below the moving bed. .
  • the number of the moving beds constituting the moving bed system is one, or two, or three, or four.
  • a moving bed composed of a trolley having a ventilation function at the bottom of the trolley, for example, a surface on which the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is composed of a purlin having a gap between the purlin and the purlin.
  • Scheme 2-1 heating the upper layer to the process requirement, specifically: moving to the discharge bed end of the moving bed to cover the new layer to cover the new layer, the unheated to meet the process requirements a portion of the lower layer; the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements, specifically: the unheated to cover the new layer at the location where the new layer is covered by moving to the discharge end of the moving bed Another portion of the lower layer and the new layer that meet the process requirements.
  • the moving bed where the surface of the trolley directly contacting the material layer is a moving bed composed of a diagonal spiral surface.
  • the surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is a moving bed composed of a cone-shaped trolley.
  • a moving bed adopts a moving bed composed of a trolley with a diagonally spiral surface on the side where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer, and the other movable bed adopts a surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the layer of the material.
  • a moving bed consisting of a cone-shaped trolley.
  • the unheated to the lower portion of the lower layer that meets the process requirements in a direction consistent with the direction of movement of the covered new layer The layer precedes the new layer prior to the upper layer of the lower layer that is not heated to the process requirements.
  • Scheme 2-2 heating the upper layer to the process requirement, specifically: moving to the discharge bed end of the moving bed to cover the new layer, covering the new layer, the unheated to meet the process requirements
  • the lower layer the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements, specifically: a new layer that moves to the discharge end of the moving bed.
  • the material forming the layer is a powder material, or a pellet material, or a bulk material, or a mixture of a powder material and a carbon material.
  • the upper layer absorbs the heat of the heated layer, and the heat is transferred to the lower layer through the upper layer.
  • the bed layer is impermeable to the bed with the carrier layer.
  • the number of the moving beds constituting the moving bed system is one, or two, or three, or four.
  • Scheme 3-1 heating the upper layer to the process requirement, specifically: moving to the discharge bed end of the moving bed to cover the new layer to cover the new layer, the unheated to meet the process requirements a portion of the lower layer; the lower portion that is not heated to meet the process requirements
  • the material layer is specifically: another part of the lower layer and the new material layer which are not heated to reach the process requirement, which is moved to the discharge bed end of the moving bed and covers the new material layer.
  • the moving bed where the surface of the trolley directly contacting the material layer is a moving bed composed of a diagonal spiral surface.
  • the surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is a moving bed composed of a cone-shaped trolley.
  • a moving bed adopts a moving bed composed of a trolley with a diagonally spiral surface on the side where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer, and the other movable bed adopts a surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the layer of the material.
  • a moving bed consisting of a cone-shaped trolley.
  • the unheated to the lower portion of the lower layer that meets the process requirements in a direction consistent with the direction of movement of the covered new layer The layer precedes the new layer prior to the upper layer of the lower layer that is not heated to the process requirements.
  • Scheme 3-2 heating the upper layer to the process requirement, specifically: moving to the discharge bed end of the moving bed to cover the new layer to cover the new layer, the unheated to meet the process requirements
  • the lower layer, the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements specifically: a new layer that moves to the discharge end of the moving bed.
  • the material forming the layer is a powder material, or a pellet material, or a bulk material, or a mixture of powder material and coke or coal grain material.
  • the upper layer absorbs the heat of the heated layer, and the heat is transferred to the lower layer through the upper layer.
  • the bed layer is impermeable to the bed with the carrier layer.
  • the moving bed carries the layer on one plane when the layer is carried by the carrier layer.
  • Scheme 4-1 The upper layer is heated to the process requirement, specifically: moving to the position of the upper layer covering the new layer of material that is discharged to the upper layer of the process to cover the new layer Said a portion of the lower layer and the new layer that are not heated to the process requirements; the lower layer that is not heated to the process requirements, specifically: moving to unloading the unheated to the process Another portion of the new layer in the lower layer of the desired material layer is required.
  • Scheme 4-2 heating the upper layer to the process requirement, specifically: moving to the position of the upper layer covering the new material layer at the position of the upper layer where the processing is required to cover the new layer
  • the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements, specifically: moving to a new layer that is unheated to a lower layer level that meets the process requirements .
  • the method for heating a layer provided by the present application specifically refers to a method of completing a heating layer after the production line startup process is transferred to a normal production process.
  • the method for heating a layer provided by the present application is defined from a time point of view, from the obtaining of the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirement, before the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirement is obtained.
  • the production line is started, and the heating method is not limited by the method of heating the layer provided by the present application.
  • the method for heating a layer provided by the present application is defined from a spatial point of view from the position where the lower layer of material that has not been heated to meet the process requirements covers the newly added layer.
  • the heating process of the drying process may not be performed.
  • the heat carrier gas enters the layer from the upper portion of the layer, and the dry exhaust gas passes through the specified limits of the bottom of the layer and the portion of the moving bed carrying layer.
  • the method for heating the material layer provided by the present application covers the new material layer with a lower material layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements, so that the lower material layer closer to the moving bed load layer layer does not have to be closer to the moving bed.
  • the portion of the load-bearing layer is heated to the process requirements, but is heated to the desired process level on a new layer that is not covered by the lower layer that has been heated to the process requirements.
  • the heat absorption of the new material layer can be used, even if the lower layer is not heated to reach the process requirement,
  • the layer is heated at the same temperature to meet the process requirements, and the temperature of the heat-carrying tail gas passing through the bottom of the layer and the portion of the moving bed carrying material layer is not like that of the lower layer which is closer to the moving bed layer.
  • the upper layer is heated at a temperature close to the moving bed support layer to the temperature of the heat carrier exhaust gas as required by the process, and does not cause the moving bed to carry the material layer closer to the moving bed load layer.
  • the lower layer is heated to a temperature close to the moving bed carrying layer at the same temperature as the upper layer, to the thermal strength of the process; and the moving bed is not air permeable under the condition that the moving bed is not air permeable.
  • the material layer is subjected to the image to make it closer
  • the lower layer of the moving bed load-bearing layer portion is heated to a temperature close to the moving bed load-bearing layer at the same temperature as the upper layer, to the thermal strength as required by the process.
  • the method for heating the material layer not only helps to improve the heat energy utilization efficiency but also reduces the heat intensity of the moving bed load layer portion in the specific process of the heat carrier tail gas passing through the bottom of the material layer and the moving bed load material layer portion.
  • the service life of the moving bed load layer is prolonged; in the specific process of the moving bed carrying material layer, the heat intensity of the moving bed load layer layer is not increased, which is beneficial to reduce layer heat loss and improve heat energy utilization efficiency.
  • the method for heating the layer provided by the present application is completed in a specific process in which the combustion air is fed from the top of the layer into the layer to form a layer of pellets, and the carbonaceous fuel is heated in the heating layer.
  • the lower layer composed of the layer of the combustion process and the layer of the layer of the unfinished combustion process is not heated to cover the new layer of the lower layer which meets the process requirements, and can be utilized in the layer of the combustion process as in the prior art.
  • the waste heat preheats the combustion air, and the material layer that has not completed the combustion process can continue to complete the combustion process on the new material layer to ignite the new material layer. Therefore, after the completion of the production line startup process, the external flame can be eliminated.
  • the ignition layer of the fuel layer is ignited.
  • the moving bed system provided by the present application enables the surface of the trolley bottom directly contacting the material layer to directly contact the bottom of the trolley floor when the trolley is driven to the unloading position of the moving bed discharge end.
  • the surface on which the surface is located moves on the same surface.
  • the layer method creates the necessary conditions.
  • any moving bed receives the lower layer to cover the new layer below the discharge bed of the moving bed, the lower layer which is unloaded for any moving bed discharge end can be lifted by gravity.
  • the process of covering the new layer with the lower layer not meeting the process requirements can be simplified.
  • the material forming the material layer is a pellet material
  • the problem of breakage during the process of covering the new layer with the moving bed of the lower layer than the position of the lower layer that has not been heated to meet the process requirements creates favorable conditions for implementing the method of heating the layer provided by the present application.
  • Figure 2-1 shows a trolley and a moving bed using a moving bed and a model 3, wherein the number of moving beds is two, indicating that the feeding end of one moving bed is below the discharging end of the other moving bed.
  • 2-2 is a schematic plan view of a trolley and a moving bed using a moving bed and a model 3, wherein the number of moving beds is two;
  • Figure 3 is a diagram showing a trolley and a moving bed using a moving bed and a model 1 in which the number of moving beds is two, indicating that the feeding end of one moving bed is unloaded in another moving bed adjacent thereto. a schematic diagram of the positional relationship below the end;
  • the drawing does not indicate the position where the lower material layer covers the new material layer. Since the position of the lower material layer covering the new material layer needs to be determined according to the specific process and the specific process conditions, the above drawings do not reflect the position of the discharge bed end of the moving bed and the position of the lower material layer covering the new material layer. relationship.
  • the direction of the moving direction along the moving bed carrying material layer the direction of the moving direction is the same, and the lower layer is covered with the new layer to add a new layer at the feeding end of the moving bed.
  • the location of the specific process requires the location specified.
  • Figure 5-1 shows the bottom end of the previous trolley and the adjacent rear station from the loading position of the trolley at the feeding end of the moving bed to the position where the trolley is about to be turned over at the discharge end of the moving bed.
  • the slot at the beginning of the bottom of the vehicle is upwardly grooved and the slot is closed at the end of the end of the adjacent trolley.
  • Figure 5-2 shows the slot at the bottom end of the preceding trolley and the opening of the bottom end of the adjacent rear axle of the trolley and the cover on the adjacent platform during the turning of the trolley at the discharge end of the moving bed. Schematic diagram of the downward slot of the opening at the beginning and the end of the vehicle.
  • the core of the present application is to provide a method for heating a layer and a moving bed system.
  • the core of the method for heating the layer is to cover the new layer with a lower layer that is not heated to the process requirements, which is closer to the portion of the moving bed.
  • the material layer is such that the lower layer which is closer to the moving bed load layer layer does not have to be heated to reach the process requirement in the vicinity of the moving bed carrier layer, and the core of the moving bed system is to move to the moving bed discharge end
  • the upper layer and the lower layer on the trolley at the material position can be continuously and separately discharged, and the lower layer to be discharged by gravity is moved to the corresponding lower layer to cover the new layer.
  • the moving bed takes over the position where the lower layer covers the new layer.
  • FIG. 1 shows a trolley and a moving bed using a moving bed and a model 1 of the vehicle type, and the number of the moving bed is one, indicating that the feeding end of the moving bed is Schematic diagram of the positional relationship below the discharge end of the moving bed;
  • FIG. 2-1 shows the trolley and the moving bed using the moving bed and the model 3, and the number of the moving bed is two, A schematic diagram showing a front view of the positional relationship of the feed end of one moving bed below the discharge end of the other moving bed;
  • FIG. 2-2 is a trolley and a moving bed using a moving bed and a model 3,
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a plan view in which the number of moving beds is two;
  • FIG. 3 shows a trolley and a moving bed using a moving bed and a model 1 , and the number of the moving beds is two, indicating A schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the feeding end of one moving bed below the discharge end of the other moving bed;
  • FIG. 4 is a trolley and a moving bed using a moving bed and a model 1 of the type, the number of the moving bed is Under three conditions, the schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the feeding end of any moving bed under the discharge end of another moving bed adjacent thereto;
  • FIG. 5-1 is the feeding of the trolley at the feeding end of the moving bed.
  • FIG. 5-2 shows the tail end of the preceding trolley and the adjacent rear trolley in the process of the trolley turning over at the discharge end of the moving bed
  • FIG. 5-2 shows the tail end of the preceding trolley and the adjacent rear trolley in the process of the trolley turning over at the discharge end of the moving bed
  • Figure 2-1 shows a trolley and a moving bed using a moving bed and a model 3, wherein the number of moving beds is two, indicating that the feeding end of one moving bed is below the discharging end of the other moving bed.
  • 2-2 is a schematic plan view showing a plan view of a moving bed and a table type 3 using a moving bed and a moving bed;
  • Figure 3 is a diagram showing a trolley and a moving bed using a moving bed and a model 1 in which the number of moving beds is two, indicating that the feeding end of one moving bed is unloaded in another moving bed adjacent thereto. a schematic diagram of the positional relationship below the end;
  • the drawing does not indicate the position where the lower material layer covers the new material layer. Since the position of the lower material layer covering the new material layer needs to be determined according to the specific process and the specific process conditions, the above drawings do not reflect the position of the discharge bed end of the moving bed and the position of the lower material layer covering the new material layer. relationship.
  • the direction of the moving direction along the moving bed carrying material layer the direction of the moving direction is the same, and the lower layer is covered with the new layer to add a new layer at the feeding end of the moving bed. The location specified by the specific process requirements after the location.
  • the trolley and the trolley constitute a moving bed
  • the moving bed constitutes a moving bed system with reference to the implementation method under the condition that the trolley bottom has a fence.
  • the position from the feeding end of the moving bed to the position where the trolley at the discharge end of the moving bed is about to turn over, the lower end faces of the furnace cover and the bottom of the trolley that constitutes the moving bed The edges of the two sides are combined to achieve a seal between the trolley and the furnace cover.
  • the trolleys that make up the moving bed are composed of the bottom of the vehicle and the fences on both sides of the bottom of the vehicle.
  • the bottom of the trolley has the upper and lower surfaces actually present.
  • the end faces on the sides of the bottom of the trolley can be combined with the lower end faces on both sides of the furnace cover to achieve a seal between the sides of the bottom of the trolley and the sides of the furnace cover.
  • the surface where the purlins distributed on the support layer of the trolley bottom is understood to be the upper surface of the trolley bottom, and the surface where the contact surface of the upper end faces of the bellows below the bottom of the trolley is located is understood as a trolley.
  • the end faces on the sides of the trolley bottom can be combined with the lower end faces of the heat transfer gas chamber to achieve a seal between the trolley and the lower end faces of the heat transfer gas chamber.
  • the sealing surface of the bottom of the trolley can be combined with the upper end faces of the bellows under the trolley bottom to achieve a seal between the bottom of the trolley and the sides of the bellows under the trolley.
  • the heating method in the specific process is that the combustion air enters the material layer from the top of the material layer, burns the carbonaceous fuel in the pellet material forming the material layer, and the condition that the combustion exhaust gas leaves the material layer from the bottom of the material layer and enters the bellows under the trolley bottom.
  • the layer is supported by the purlins distributed on the bottom of the trolley
  • the surface of the purlin distributed on the support layer of the trolley is understood as the surface of the upper surface of the trolley
  • the trolley is The surface on which the sealing surface of the bottom of the bellows combined with the upper end faces of the bellows under the bottom of the trolley is located is understood to be the surface on which the lower surface of the trolley is located.
  • the end faces on the sides of the bottom of the trolley can be combined with the lower end faces on both sides of the furnace ignition igniting section to achieve a seal between the trolley and the furnace cover.
  • the sealing surface of the bottom of the trolley can be combined with the upper end faces of the bellows under the trolley bottom to achieve a seal between the bottom of the trolley and the upper end faces of the bellows below the bottom of the trolley.
  • the trolley bottom is under the condition of supporting the material layer on the bottom of the trolley.
  • the purlins distributed on the bottom of the trolley are not On one side, the bottom surface of the trolley is not the actual surface.
  • the surface on which the upper surface of the trolley bottom is located is uniformly expressed as the surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer, and is used under the surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer.
  • the surface refers to the surface on which the bottom surface of the trolley is located, or the surface on which the sealing surface between the bottom of the trolley and the bellows under the trolley bottom is located. It is also possible to understand the surface below the surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the layer of the material layer as a virtual surface. This virtual surface can be understood as: it is assumed that the lower surface actually existing on the bottom of the trolley is moved upwards in parallel.
  • the upper side is moved in parallel to a surface that coincides with or nearly coincides with the front end and the rear end of the surface where the material layer of the trolley directly contacts the material layer.
  • the angle formed by the head end and the tail end of the surface of the trolley directly contacting the material layer is determined by the angle formed between the head end and the tail end of the surface of the trolley directly contacting the surface of the material layer.
  • Angle That is, it is determined by the angle formed between the bottom end surface of the trolley car or the angle between the head end and the rear end of the surface where the sealing surface between the bottom of the trolley and the bellows under the trolley bottom is located. That is to say, the angle formed between the head end and the tail end of the bottom surface of the bottom surface of the trolley is the angle formed between the head end and the tail end of the surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer.
  • the angle is the same, or the angle formed between the first end and the rear end of the surface where the sealing surface between the bottom of the trolley and the bellows under the bottom of the trolley is located, and the surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the layer of the material
  • the angle formed between the leading end and the trailing end is uniform.
  • the angle between the head end and the tail end of the surface of the trolley directly contacting the material layer is determined by the inclination of the surface of the trolley directly contacting the surface of the material layer and its axis.
  • the angle of inclination of the surface of the trolley directly contacting the material layer with its axis is larger, and the angle formed by the angle between the head end and the tail end of the trolley bottom directly contacting the material layer is larger.
  • the surface of the trolley directly contacting the material layer is a diagonal spiral surface
  • the surface of the trolley bottom directly contacting the material layer can be understood as: a straight straight line and the axis are inclined at a certain angle, the straight bus Do not intersect the axis, the straight busbar rotates at an equal angular velocity around the axis and moves at a constant speed along the axis.
  • the straight busbar is rotated 180 degrees around the axis, an oblique helix is obtained.
  • the oblique spiral surface is equally divided into n segments along the axial direction, and the truncated trolley at both ends of each segment is turned over at the discharge end of the moving bed, so that the tail end of the front surface of the preceding trolley directly contacts the material layer and the phase
  • the part of the next trolley that is adjacent to the bottom of the car directly contacts the part where the head end of the material layer cannot be connected, and then stays
  • the lower part is the oblique helix surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer.
  • the surface of the trolley directly contacting the material layer is a conical surface
  • the surface of the trolley bottom directly contacting the material layer is understood as: a straight straight line is inclined at an angle to its axis, the straight bus and the axis Disjoint, the straight busbar rotates 180 degrees around the axis to obtain a conical surface.
  • the conical surface is equally divided into n segments along the axis direction. The truncated trolley at the ends of each segment is turned over at the discharge end of the moving bed, resulting in the previous station.
  • the surface of the trolley bottom directly contacting the material layer is understood as: a straight busbar is parallel to its axis, and the straight busbar is rotated 180 degrees around the axis. , get a cylindrical surface.
  • the cylindrical surface is equally divided into n segments along the axial direction, and the end of each segment is cut at the ends of the trolley moving bed, and the unloading end of the trolley is turned over, so that the tail end of the front side of the previous trolley is directly in contact with the adjacent end of the material layer and adjacent
  • the part of the rear of the trolley that directly contacts the part where the head end of the material layer is not connected can be the cylindrical surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer.
  • each segment is rotated 15 degrees from the leading end about its axis to the trailing end, and is rotated 180 degrees from the position where the trolley starts to be turned over at the discharge end of the moving bed to the trolley.
  • the flipped position there are 12 trolleys that can be flipped at the unloading end of the moving bed at the same time.
  • each segment is rotated 12 degrees from the leading end about its axis to the trailing end, and is rotated 180 degrees from the position at which the trolley is unloaded from the loading end of the moving bed to the trolley.
  • the flipped position there are 15 carts that can be flipped at the unloading end of the moving bed at the same time.
  • the straight busbar along the axis of the trolley body directly contacts the surface below the surface where the material layer portion is located, from the feeding end of the moving bed
  • An angle of rotation of the tail end of the trolley at the feeding position to a front end of the bottom of the trolley at a position where the moving bed discharge end is about to be reversed, and a feeding position from the feeding end of the moving bed The number of the trolleys between the tail end of the trolley to the head end of the trolley at a position where the moving bed discharge end trolley is about to be reversed, and the table constituting the moving bed is determined
  • the angle at which the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the angle between the leading end and the trailing end of the face where the layer is located is a rectangular plane.
  • the trolley bottom direct contact material is formed.
  • the straight busbar of the face below the face where the layer portion is located is along its axis along the face of the trolley car directly contacting the face below the material layer, and the bottom end of the trolley car from the feeding position of the moving bed feeding end Rotating to the position where the head end of the trolley is about to be turned over at the position where the moving bed discharge end trolley is about to be turned is 340 degrees (angle system), and the table from the feeding position of the moving bed feeding end
  • the trolley bottom is directly contacted.
  • the angle between the leading end and the trailing end of the face where the layer portion is located is 4.25 degrees.
  • the bottom contact material of the trolley is formed.
  • the straight busbar of the face below the face where the layer portion is located is along its axis along the face of the trolley car directly contacting the face below the material layer, and the bottom end of the trolley car from the feeding position of the moving bed feeding end Rotating to a position at which the head end of the trolley is about to rotate at a position where the moving bed discharge end trolley is about to be turned over is 190 degrees, and the tail end of the trolley from the feeding end of the moving bed feeding end Under the condition that the number of the trolleys between the head end of the trolley at the position where the moving bed discharge end trolley is about to be turned over is 38, the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the layer where the material layer is located.
  • the angle between the leading end and the trailing end of the face is 5 degrees.
  • the trolley end of the trolley bottom of the moving bed is fed to the loading end of the moving bed.
  • the angle formed between the head end of the position trolley is the straight busbar forming the spiral surface below the plane where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer, and the feeding position of the straight side of the moving surface of the moving bed is along the axis of the spiral surface.
  • the equiangular speed of the tail end of the trolley is rotated to the angle at which the head end of the trolley rotates at the position where the trolley at the discharge end of the moving bed is about to turn over.
  • the end feeding position is determined by factors such as the length of the running path of the trolley at the position where the trolley at the unloading end of the moving bed is about to turn over, and the distance between the ends of each trolley.
  • the surface on which the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is a diagonal spiral surface.
  • the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the oblique spiral surface where the material layer is located, either above the other positive spiral surface or above the other oblique spiral surface.
  • the axis of the inclined helix surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is perpendicular to the axis of the positive helix or the oblique helix below the oblique helix surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer, and intersects.
  • the head end and the tail end of the inclined spiral surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer are on the end face and the end end face of the trolley bottom, or are close to the end and end end faces of the trolley bottom.
  • the head end of the trolley directly contacts the head end and the tail end of another spiral helix or oblique spiral below the inclined helix surface where the material layer is located, on the end face and the end end face of the trolley bottom.
  • the angle between the head end and the tail end of the oblique spiral surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is opposite to the front side of the inclined helix surface or the oblique spiral surface of the inclined spiral surface where the material layer of the trolley directly contacts the material layer.
  • the angle of the angle with the tail end is the same. For example, they are all 4 degrees, or both are 5 degrees.
  • the inner side of the slats on both sides of the bottom of the trolley is a diagonal spiral surface.
  • the axis of the inclined helicoid on the inner side of the slab on both sides of the bottom of the trolley, and the axis of another spiral or oblique helix below the oblique helicoid where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is the same A straight line.
  • the angle between the inner side of the slab on both sides of the bottom of the trolley and the spiral or oblique helix below the oblique spiral surface where the material layer directly contacts the bottom of the trolley is not less than 90 degrees.
  • the end surface of the bottom end of the trolley body and the end surface of the front end of the side of the trolley bottom are on a plane.
  • the end face of the tail end of the trolley and the end face of the tail end of the side of the trolley are on a plane.
  • the trolley constitutes a moving bed:
  • a moving bed composed of a plurality of trolleys in which the head end and the tail end are sequentially connected.
  • the trolleys that make up the same moving bed have a diagonal spiral surface on the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer.
  • the trolleys that make up the same moving bed have a positive spiral surface or a diagonal spiral surface directly adjacent to the oblique spiral surface where the material layer is located, either one. Ie: in On the same moving bed, it is not allowed to have the trolley under the inclined helix surface where the bottom of the trolley directly touches the surface of the material is a section of the spiral helix, and the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the surface of the material layer.
  • the face is a trolley with a diagonal helix.
  • the geometrical parameters of the corresponding parts of the vehicles that make up the same moving bed are the same.
  • the geometric parameters of the oblique spiral surface where the bottom of each vehicle directly contacts the material layer are the same, and the inclined spiral of the bottom of each vehicle directly contacting the material layer is located.
  • the geometrical parameters of the positive spiral surface or the oblique spiral surface below the surface are the same, and the geometric parameters of the same side of the fence on the sides of each vehicle bottom are the same.
  • the trolley moves from the feeding position of the moving bed feeding end to the discharging position of the moving bed discharging end at a constant speed.
  • the trolley moves to the unloading end of the moving bed and flips.
  • the positive spiral surface or the oblique spiral below the inclined spiral surface where the material of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is located.
  • the surface moves on a positive spiral surface or an oblique spiral surface that coincides with the positive spiral surface or the oblique spiral surface below the oblique spiral surface where the material layer portion directly contacts the material layer.
  • the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the oblique spiral surface where the material layer is located, which is consistent with the oblique spiral surface where the material layer directly contacts the bottom of the trolley. Move on the oblique spiral surface.
  • the rotation starts from the trolley to the completion of the 180-turning of the trolley, and preferably no less than 8 trolleys are simultaneously turned over.
  • the number of trolleys is not less than the number of trolleys that are turned over at the unloading end of the moving bed.
  • the inner side of the same side of the panel on the sides of the bottom of the trolley forms an oblique spiral surface.
  • the surface on which the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is a conical surface.
  • the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the conical surface where the material layer is located, above the other conical surface. Or on top of a section of the fan, choose either one.
  • the axis of the conical surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is perpendicular to the axis of the other conical surface or the fan surface below the conical surface where the material of the trolley directly contacts the material layer, and intersects.
  • the head end and the tail end of the conical surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer are on the end face and the end end face of the trolley bottom, or close to the end face and the end end face of the trolley bottom.
  • the other end of the trolley body directly contacting the conical surface of the conical surface where the material layer is located is at the head end and the end end of the fan end, and is on the end end face and the end end face of the trolley bottom.
  • the angle between the head end and the tail end of the conical surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is opposite to the conical surface of the conical surface or the head end and the end end of the fan surface directly contacting the bottom of the trolley.
  • the angle of the angle is the same. For example, both are 4 degrees.
  • the inner side of the slats on both sides of the bottom of the trolley is a conical surface.
  • the axis of the conical surface on the inner side of the baffle on both sides of the trolley bottom, and the axis of the other conical surface or fan below the conical surface where the trolley bottom directly contacts the material layer are the same straight line.
  • the angle between the inner side of the side of the bottom of the trolley and the other conical surface or the fan below the conical surface where the material layer of the trolley directly contacts the bottom of the trolley is not less than 90 degrees.
  • the end surface of the bottom end of the trolley body and the end surface of the front end of the side of the trolley bottom are on a plane.
  • the end face of the tail end of the trolley and the end face of the tail end of the side of the trolley are on a plane.
  • the trolley constitutes a moving bed:
  • a moving bed composed of a plurality of trolleys in which the head end and the tail end are sequentially connected.
  • the trolleys that make up the same moving bed have a conical surface on the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer.
  • the trolleys that make up the same moving bed have the bottom of the car directly contacting the conical surface where the material layer is located, above the other conical surface, or above a segment of the fan, either. That is to say: on the same moving bed, it is not allowed that the surface below the conical surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is another cone, and the surface of the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the surface of the material layer.
  • the lower surface is a fan-shaped trolley.
  • the geometric parameters of the corresponding parts of the vehicles that make up the same moving bed are the same, for example, each car
  • the geometric parameters of the conical surface where the bottom directly contact the material layer is located are the same, and the geometric parameters of the other conical surface or the fan surface below the conical surface where the bottom of each trolley directly contacts the material layer are the same, and the columns on both sides of each vehicle bottom are identical.
  • the geometric parameters of the panels on the same side of the board are the same.
  • the trolley moves from the feeding position of the moving bed feeding end to the discharging position of the moving bed discharging end at a constant speed.
  • the trolley moves to the unloading end of the moving bed and flips.
  • the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the conical surface where the material layer is located, and the conical surface which is in contact with the conical surface where the material layer is directly in contact with the bottom of the trolley Move on.
  • the rotation starts from the trolley to the completion of the 180-turning of the trolley, and preferably no less than 8 trolleys are simultaneously turned over.
  • the number of trolleys is not less than the number of trolleys that are turned over at the unloading end of the moving bed.
  • the inner side of the same side of the panel on the sides of the bottom of the trolley forms a conical surface.
  • the surface on which the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is a cylindrical surface.
  • the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the cylindrical surface where the material layer is located, above a rectangular plane.
  • the head end and the tail end of the cylindrical surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer are on the end face and the end end face of the bottom of the trolley, or close to the end face and the end face of the bottom end of the trolley.
  • the front end and the tail of the rectangular plane below the cylindrical surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer The end is on the end face and the end face of the bottom of the trolley.
  • the angle between the first end and the rear end of the cylindrical surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is at an angle with the angle between the head end and the rear end of the rectangular plane below the cylindrical surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer. Consistent. Both are 0 degrees.
  • the inner sides of the slats on both sides of the bottom of the trolley are each a rectangular plane.
  • the angle between the inner side of the side of the bottom of the trolley and the rectangular plane below the cylindrical surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is not less than 90 degrees.
  • the end surface of the bottom end of the trolley body and the end surface of the front end of the side of the trolley bottom are on a plane.
  • the end face of the tail end of the trolley and the end face of the tail end of the side of the trolley are on a plane.
  • the trolley constitutes a moving bed:
  • a moving bed composed of a plurality of trolleys in which the head end and the tail end are sequentially connected.
  • the surface of the trolley body that directly forms the same moving bed is located on a cylindrical surface.
  • the surface of the trolley that forms the same moving bed has a rectangular plane below the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer.
  • the geometrical parameters of the corresponding parts of the vehicles that make up the same moving bed are the same.
  • the geometrical parameters of the cylindrical surface where the bottom of each car directly contacts the material layer are the same, and the bottom of each car directly contacts the cylindrical surface where the material layer is located.
  • the geometric parameters of the rectangular plane are the same, and the geometric parameters of the same side of the panel on both sides of each vehicle bottom are the same.
  • the trolley moves from the feeding position of the moving bed feeding end to the discharging position of the moving bed discharging end at a constant speed.
  • the trolley moves to the unloading end of the moving bed and flips.
  • the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the conical surface where the material layer is located, which is consistent with the cylindrical surface where the material layer of the trolley directly contacts the bottom of the trolley. Move on the cylindrical surface.
  • the rotation starts from the trolley to the completion of the 180-turning of the trolley, and preferably no less than 8 trolleys are simultaneously turned over.
  • the number of trolleys is not less than the number of trolleys that are turned over at the unloading end of the moving bed.
  • the inner side of the same side of the panel on both sides of the bottom of the trolley forms a rectangular plane.
  • the downward groove of the opening is not fixedly connected with the brace of the bottom of the trolley and the bottom of the bottom of the trolley, and the portion extending outside the opening portion of the slot cooperates with the baffle fixed on the slot of the opening upward to limit The range of motion of the slot with the opening up.
  • the downwardly opening slot can also function to connect the adjacent trolley bottom. See Figures 5-1 and 5-2.
  • the auxiliary fence blocks the V-type that occurs between the tail end of the same side rail of the preceding trolley and the head end of the adjacent rear side panel of the adjacent one of the trolleys. gap.
  • the seal of the end face of the bottom of the previous trolley is combined with the seal of the end face of the adjacent bottom of the next trolley.
  • the seal between the bottom of the previous trolley and the bottom of the adjacent rear of the trolley; the seal on the end of the tail of the side of the front of the previous trolley and the sides of the adjacent rear of the trolley The seals on the end faces of the front end of the baffle are combined to realize the sealing between the baffles on both sides of the bottom of the previous trolley and the baffles on the sides of the adjacent rear of the trolley.
  • the end face of the baffle on both sides of the trolley bottom can be combined with the furnace cover
  • the side lower end faces are combined to achieve a seal between the trolley and the lower end faces of the furnace cover.
  • the sealing member at the end of the tail end of the slab on both sides of the front of the previous trolley and the end of the slab at the opposite sides of the adjacent rear trolley The seals are combined to achieve a seal between the slabs on both sides of the front of the previous trolley and the slats on the sides of the adjacent rear rig.
  • the end faces on the sides of the bottom of the trolley can be combined with the lower end faces of the furnace cover to achieve a seal between the trolley and the lower end faces of the furnace cover.
  • the sealing surfaces on both sides of the bottom of the trolley are combined with the upper end faces of the bellows under the trolley bottom to achieve a seal between the trolley and the sides of the bellows under the trolley.
  • Moving bed consists of a moving bed system:
  • Embodiment 1 The number of moving beds constituting the moving bed system is one
  • the moving bed takes over the position of the lower layer to cover the new layer, below the discharge end of the moving bed.
  • a moving bed and a moving bed of model 1 are used.
  • Embodiment 2 The number of moving beds constituting the moving bed system is two
  • Any one of the moving beds receives a position from the lower bed of the moving bed that covers the new layer, below the discharge end of the other of the moving beds.
  • Embodiment 2-1 A moving bed using a moving bed and a model 1 is used.
  • Embodiment 2-2 A moving bed using a moving bed and a model 2 is used.
  • Embodiment 2-3 A moving bed using a moving bed and a model 3 is used.
  • Embodiment 2-4 A moving bed adopts a moving bed and a moving bed of the model type 1, and the other moving bed adopts a moving bed and a moving bed of the model type 2.
  • Embodiment 2-5 a moving bed using a moving bed and a model 2, wherein the trolley constituting one of the moving beds has a conical surface below the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the layer of the material layer.
  • the trolley constituting the other moving bed has a face below the face on which the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer.
  • the trolley constituting the moving bed has a surface on which the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer is Segmental conical surface.
  • Embodiment 3 The number of moving beds constituting the moving bed system is three
  • Any one of the moving beds receives a location where the lower layer covers the new layer, below the other moving bed discharge end adjacent thereto.
  • the geometry of the corresponding portion of the trolley constituting any one of the moving beds is identical to the geometrical shape of the corresponding portion of the trolley of another moving bed adjacent to the composition:
  • Embodiment 3-1 A moving bed using a moving bed and a model 1 is used.
  • Embodiment 3-2 A moving bed using a moving bed and a model 2 is used.
  • Embodiment 3-3 A moving bed using a moving bed and a model 2 is used.
  • the trolley constituting one of the moving beds has a conical surface below the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the layer of the material layer; the trolley that constitutes the other two of the moving beds, the bottom of the vehicle
  • the face below the face where the material layer is directly in contact is a sector.
  • the trolley constituting the moving bed has a conical surface on the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer.
  • Embodiment 3-4 A moving bed using a moving bed and a model 2 is used.
  • the trolley constituting one of the moving beds has a surface below the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the layer of the material layer; the trolley constituting the other two of the moving beds has a vehicle bottom directly
  • the face below the face where the contact layer is located is a conical surface.
  • the trolley constituting the moving bed has a conical surface on the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer.
  • Embodiment 4 The number of moving beds constituting the moving bed system is four.
  • Any one of the moving beds receives a location where the lower layer covers the new layer, below the other of the moving bed discharge ends adjacent thereto.
  • Embodiment 4-1 A moving bed using a moving bed and a model 1 is used.
  • Embodiment 4-2 A moving bed using a moving bed and a model 2 is used.
  • Embodiment 1 Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3, Embodiment 4, from the loading position of the trolley at the feeding end of the moving bed to the position where the trolley is about to be turned over at the discharge end of the moving bed, the bottom of the trolley is directly contacted with the material.
  • the inclination of the surface where the layer is located and the horizontal plane shall be smaller than the forming material carried by the trolley.
  • the inclination angle of the moving direction of the material layer and the horizontal direction is smaller than the inclination angle of the relative movement between the materials of the formation layer carried by the trolley bottom, and forming the bottom of the trolley directly
  • the inclination angle of the straight generatrix of the surface where the contact layer is located and the horizontal plane is smaller than the inclination of the relative movement between the materials of the formation layer carried by the trolley bottom.
  • the determination of the inclination angle requires the establishment of an actual measurement of the inclination of the relative motion between the specific materials used to form the material layer for the specific process. For example, the inclination angle of 5 degrees or 4 degrees must be based on the simulation.
  • the inclination of the trolley from the unloading end of the moving bed to the unloading position, the inclination of the surface of the trolley directly contacting the layer of the material layer and the horizontal plane is smaller than the forming material carried by the trolley
  • the inclination of the relative motion between the layers of material Including the plane where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer, the inclination angle of the moving direction of the material layer and the horizontal plane is smaller than the inclination of the relative movement between the materials of the material layer formed by the trolley bottom, and the direct contact of the trolley bottom is formed.
  • the inclination angle of the straight busbar of the surface where the material layer is located and the horizontal plane is smaller than the inclination angle of the relative motion between the materials of the formation layer carried by the trolley bottom.
  • the determination of the inclination angle needs to be based on the simulation of the relative inclination of the relative movement between the specific materials used in the specific process. For example, the angle of inclination of 5 degrees or 4 degrees must be based on actual measurements.
  • a factor to be noted is that, at the feeding position of the feeding end of the moving bed, there is a blocking device for blocking the relative movement of the material forming the layer on the trolley; at the unloading position of the discharge end of the moving bed,
  • the lower layer that does not meet the process requirements accepts the support of the discharged lower layer, rather than being free to slip off after being discharged.
  • a heating layer for how to unload and move the lower layer which has not been heated to the process requirements to cover the new layer to cover the new layer.
  • Embodiment 2 since the number of moving beds constituting the moving bed system is not less than two:
  • the trolleys on different moving beds have the same distance between the two sides of the surface where the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the material layer.
  • the trolley moves at the same rate on each moving bed.
  • the trolleys on each moving bed are moved from a position where the lower layer is covered by the lower layer to a position where the trolley at the moving bed discharge end is about to be turned over.
  • the trolleys on each moving bed are moved from the position where the lower layer is covered to cover the new layer.
  • the length of the positional movement path of the moving bed discharge end of the trolley is the same.
  • the time of moving the trolleys on each moving bed from the feeding end feeding position to the position at which the moving bed discharging end trolley is about to be reversed is the same.
  • the trolleys on each moving bed are moved from the feeding end feeding position to the moving bed unloading end.
  • the length of the moving path of the trolley is about to reverse.
  • a production line start-up process implementation is recommended for use in a production line start-up process using a moving bed system as provided herein. That is, it is suitable for the start-up process of the production line of the first type of technical solution, or the start-up process of the production line applicable to the second type of technical solution, or the start-up process of the production line applicable to the third type of technical solution.
  • the main points are as follows:
  • a new layer is added at a position where the moving bed is added with a new layer, and the thickness of the added layer is the same as the thickness of the lower layer covering the new layer that is not heated to the process requirements.
  • the chute or the discharge end of the chute is opened, and the passage through the chute or the chute is started.
  • the moving layer covers the new layer.
  • the thickness of the new layer covered by the lower layer is adjusted to the thickness of the predetermined new layer after completion of the line startup process.
  • the heating system is activated when the lower layer covering the new layer runs to the discharge end of the moving bed.
  • the upper layer and the lower layer are respectively discharged when running to the discharge position of the moving bed discharge end.
  • the thickness of the unloaded upper layer is not required to be the same, the thickness of the unloaded lower layer is the same, and the thickness of the lower layer is discharged and the unheated to the unloaded after the completion of the production line start process
  • the thickness of the lower layer that meets the process requirements is the same.
  • the upper layer corresponding to the thickness of the upper layer which is heated to the process requirement is heated to the process requirement, the upper layer becomes the upper layer which is heated to the process requirement, and the lower layer is lower.
  • the layer becomes the lower layer which is not heated to meet the process requirements, and the production line starts the process and is transferred to the normal production process.
  • the carbonaceous fuel in the pelletizing material is heated by the combustion air from the top of the layer into the layer to form a layer, and the combustion exhaust gas exits the layer from the bottom of the layer and passes through the moving bed carrier layer into the moving bed carrier.
  • the upper layer should be dried at least until the external flame is used.
  • the layer causes the pellet to burst and then ignites the upper surface layer with an external flame.
  • the heating method is that the heat carrier gas enters the material layer from the top of the material layer, and the heating exhaust gas leaves the material layer from the bottom of the material layer, when the production line is started, if the pelletizing material forming the new material layer has a dry bursting temperature lower than the entering material layer
  • the temperature of the heat carrier gas should be such that at least the upper layer of the layer is dried to prevent bursting and is used in the production line start-up process.
  • a production line start-up process implementation is recommended for use in a production line start-up process without the use of a moving bed system as provided herein.
  • the starting points for the production line applicable to the Category 4 technical solution are as follows:
  • the thickness of the new layer corresponds to the thickness of the layer required to heat the added layer to the upper layer which is heated to the process requirements and the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirements.
  • the moving rate of the moving bed carrier layer portion is less than the moving rate under normal production conditions.
  • the added layer is heated to the upper layer which is heated to the process requirements and the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirements.
  • the thickness of the new layer covered by the lower layer that is not heated to the process requirements The thickness of the new layer after the start of the production line is completed.
  • the moving rate of the moving bed carrier layer portion is adjusted to the moving rate under normal production conditions.
  • the lower layer which is not heated to meet the process requirement covers the new material layer, and in the direction consistent with the moving direction of the covered new material layer, the lower material which is not heated to meet the process requirements
  • the lower layer in the layer precedes the condition that the upper layer of the lower layer that is not heated to the process requirements covers the new layer, or the specific process requires movement in the new layer to be covered
  • the upper layer of the lower layer that is not heated to the process requirement is prior to the lower layer of the lower layer that is not heated to the process requirement to cover the new layer
  • the inclination of the bottom of the chute or the slip tube to the horizontal plane is smaller than the inclination of the relative movement between the materials forming the layer.
  • the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements is discharged from the moving bed discharge position to the corresponding moving bed that receives the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements.
  • the upper end of the lower layer which is not heated to meet the process requirement is connected with the discharge position, and the lower end is connected with the covered new material layer. Uninterrupted.
  • the lower layer in the chute or the slide layer arrives at the upper layer in the direction corresponding to the moving direction of the newly added layer.
  • the position of the layer, that is, the lower layer of the lower layer that is not heated to the process requirements can be covered prior to the upper layer to cover the new layer.
  • the upper layer in the chute or the slip layer reaches the new coverage before the lower layer in the opposite direction to the movement direction of the new layer.
  • the position of the added layer, that is, the upper layer which is not heated to reach the process requirement, the upper layer is covered before the lower layer.
  • the material layer moves from the position where the material layer is formed on the moving bed to the position where the trolley at the discharge end of the moving bed is about to be turned over, and no relative movement occurs between the materials forming the material layer. Namely: the material layer is required to be free
  • the position of the layer formed on the moving bed is moved to the position where the trolley at the discharge end of the moving bed is about to be turned over, and the inclination angle of the material layer with the horizontal direction is smaller than the inclination angle of the relative movement between the materials forming the material layer.
  • the material layer moves from the position where the trolley at the discharge end of the moving bed starts to rotate to the position where the material is discharged to the discharge layer, and no relative movement occurs between the materials forming the layer. That is, it is required that the material layer is moved from the position where the trolley at the discharge end of the moving bed is about to be turned to the position where the material is moved to the discharge layer, and the inclination angle of the material layer and the horizontal direction is smaller than the inclination of the relative movement between the materials forming the material layer. .
  • the trolley moves to the position where the trolley at the unloading end of the moving bed is about to turn over, the upper layer on the trolley meets the process requirements, and the trolley begins to turn over when the heating process of the upper layer ends.
  • the surface of the trolley directly carrying the material layer is moved on the inclined spiral surface which coincides with the inclined spiral surface where the material layer of the trolley directly contacts the material layer, or the trolley car
  • the conical surface where the bottom directly contacts the material layer is moved on the conical surface which coincides with the conical surface where the material layer of the trolley directly contacts the material layer, or the cylindrical surface of the trolley bottom directly contacting the material layer is in the trolley
  • the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical surface where the material layer is located, so that the heating on the trolley can reach the upper layer of the material required by the process and the lower layer which is not heated to meet the process requirements. Discharge continuously separately.
  • the upper end plate of the chute or the chute which is heated to reach the upper layer of the process is heated to reach the upper layer of the process and the unheated to reach The boundary of the lower layer of material required by the process, such as the tongue between the upper and lower lips. In this way, it is possible to continuously discharge the upper layer which is heated to the process requirement and the lower layer which is not heated to meet the process requirements.
  • the number of moving beds constituting the moving bed system determined according to specific process requirements determines how to cover the new layer with the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements.
  • the unloaded lower layer which is unheated to the process requirement when moving to the discharge position of the discharge end of the moving bed is moved to the moving bed Receiving the position of the lower layer covered by the unheated material to cover the new material layer, and discharging the lower layer which is unheated to the process requirement at the discharge position of the discharge end of the moving bed Move the new layer on the bed.
  • the unloaded material layer discharged from any moving bed to the process requirement is moved to another moving bed to receive the unheated to reach
  • the lower layer of the process requires the location of the newly added layer to be used
  • the lower layer of material that is unheated to the process bed that is unheated on the moving bed covers the newly added layer on the other moving bed.
  • the lower layer which is unheated to any process requirement discharged from any moving bed is moved to another moving bed adjacent thereto
  • the portion of the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements covers the new layer, and the lower layer that is unheated to the process requirement is discharged from any moving bed to cover the adjacent moving bed.
  • the lower layer which is unheated to any process requirement discharged from any moving bed is moved to another moving bed adjacent thereto
  • the portion of the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements covers the new layer, and the lower layer that is unheated to the process requirement is discharged from any moving bed to cover the adjacent moving bed.
  • the material layer runs at the same rate on each moving bed.
  • the thickness of the upper layer of the heating to the process requirements is the same on each moving bed.
  • the thickness of the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirements on each moving bed is uniform.
  • the thickness of the new layer on each moving bed is uniform.
  • each of the moving bed covering the new material layer is unheated until the lower material layer meeting the process requirements is moved from the position covering the new material layer to the position at which the moving bed discharge end trolley is about to be turned over.
  • the new layer of each moving bed is consistent with the time at which the position at which the moving bed discharge end trolley is about to roll over is moved from the position where the new layer is added.
  • the surface of the material forming the layer is heated to a uniform temperature when the layer of the corresponding thickness on each moving bed is heated for a uniform time on the moving bed.
  • Type 1 Embodiment This embodiment is a corresponding embodiment of the technical solution of the first type of heating layer.
  • This type of embodiment is suitable for the combustion air to enter the layer from the top of the layer, burning the carbonaceous fuel in the pellet of the layer, and the combustion exhaust exits the layer from the bottom of the layer through the moving bed carrier layer.
  • the part enters the heating process of the bellows below the moving bed load layer.
  • the combustion air enters the layer from the top of the layer, combusts the carbonaceous fuel in the iron-containing mineral pellets, and the combustion exhaust gas exits the layer from the bottom of the layer through the moving bed carrier layer into the bellows;
  • the air enters the layer from the top of the layer, combusts the carbonaceous fuel in the cement pellets, and the combustion exhaust gas exits the layer from the bottom of the layer through the moving bed carrier layer into the bellows.
  • the carbonaceous fuel is pulverized coal, or coke breeze, according to process requirements.
  • the following embodiment is an implementation after the completion of the production line startup process.
  • the heating mode of the following embodiment is the heating mode after the lower layer is not heated to meet the process requirements, and the lower layer is covered with the new layer.
  • the preheating process of the layer is not covered by the lower layer which is not heated to meet the process requirements.
  • the temperature is not lower than the dry burst temperature of the pellet material forming the new layer, in the unheated to A dry section of the dried new layer should be placed before the lower layer of the process is covered to cover the new layer.
  • the end faces on the sides of the trolley bottom of the trolley need to be combined with the lower end faces of the drying section wall to realize the trolley and the dry heat carrier gas.
  • the sealing on both sides of the room, the sealing surface on the lower side of the bottom of the trolley is combined with the upper end faces on both sides of the bellows under the trolley bottom to realize the sealing of the two sides of the bellows of the trolley and the drying section.
  • the trolley still needs to pass through the firing section of the material layer.
  • the process of igniting the upper surface layer with a flame sprayed by the burner is only necessary when the production line is started.
  • the layer continues the layer burning process, eliminating the need to ignite the carbonaceous fuel in the pellets of the upper surface layer with a flame sprayed with an igniter.
  • the number of moving beds constituting the moving bed system is one, or two, or three, or four.
  • the material forming the new layer is a pelletized material with a carbonaceous fuel.
  • the carbonaceous fuel is pulverized coal, or coke breeze.
  • the trolley moves from the feeding end of the moving bed to the discharge end at a constant speed.
  • the combustion air enters the layer from the top of the layer and burns the carbonaceous fuel in the pellets forming the layer.
  • the combustion exhaust leaves the layer from the bottom of the layer and passes through the gap between the beams distributed on the bottom of the trolley. Enter the bellows under the trolley.
  • the pellet burnt layer moves from top to bottom.
  • the upper layer is completed prior to the lower layer, and the upper layer is heated prior to the lower layer to meet the process requirements.
  • the combustion air enters the material layer from the top of the material layer, and the combustion exhaust gas passes through the bottom of the material layer and enters the layer of the bellows under the trolley to complete the combustion process.
  • the upper layer of the car is heated to the process requirements and the trolley begins to roll over.
  • the surface of the trolley directly contacting the layer of the material layer moves on a surface that coincides with the surface on which the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the layer of the material, and the heating on the trolley is heated to
  • the upper layer that meets the process requirements is continuously discharged separately from the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements.
  • the position between the materials forming the layer is about to occur and the relative movement has not occurred.
  • the upper layer which is heated to the process requirement is discharged separately from the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirement. s position. See the general points of the above-mentioned general implementation for the unloading method.
  • Heating to a thickness of the upper layer that meets the process requirements and heating the added new layer to The thickness is consistent after meeting the process requirements.
  • the layer covers the location of the new layer and is used to cover the new layer.
  • the new material layer Under the condition that the new material layer is not dried before being covered by the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirement, after the new material layer is added, the lower layer is not heated to reach the process requirement. New material layer. Under the condition that the new material layer needs to be dried before being covered by the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirements, the new material layer is dried until it is covered by the lower layer which is not heated to meet the process requirements. After the burst occurs, the new layer is covered with the lower layer that is not heated to the process requirements.
  • the end faces on the sides of the bottom of the trolley can be combined with the lower end faces of the furnace cover. Combined, the seal between the trolley and the furnace cover is achieved.
  • Embodiment 1-1 The upper layer is heated to the process requirement, specifically: a part of the layer of the material layer that is moved to the discharge end of the moving bed to complete the combustion process; the heating is not heated to meet the process requirements.
  • the lower layer is specifically: another portion of the layer that is moved to the discharge end of the moving bed and completes the combustion process and the layer that has not completed the combustion process.
  • Embodiment 1-1-1 The upper layer is heated to the process requirement, specifically: the unheated to the process of covering the new layer at the position of covering the new layer by moving to the discharge end of the moving bed a portion of the lower layer of material required; said lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements, specifically: said moving to the discharge bed end of the moving bed covering the new layer at a location covering the new layer It is not heated to another portion of the lower layer and the newly added layer that meet the process requirements.
  • Embodiment 1-1-1-1 the thickness of the lower layer which is not heated until the process is required to be heated to the process requirement is an integral multiple of the thickness of the upper layer which is heated to the process requirement, Moreover, the thickness of the lower layer that is not heated until the process is required to be heated to the process requirement is not less than twice the thickness of the upper layer that is heated to the process requirement.
  • Embodiment 1-1-1-2 the thickness of the lower layer which is not heated until the process is required to be heated to the process requirement is greater than the thickness of the upper layer which is heated to the process requirement, less than the thickness Heat to twice the thickness of the upper layer that meets the process requirements.
  • Embodiment 1-1-1-1 the applicable conditions of the embodiment 1-1-1-2: no adhesion, or degree of bonding between the pellets of the finished combustion process when moving to the discharge end of the moving bed
  • the upper layer that does not reach the heating to the process requirements cannot be the extent of any thickness of the layer in the layer that completes the combustion process.
  • the boundary line is the thickness of the layer at which the temperature of the layer during which the combustion process is completed is lowered to a predetermined temperature.
  • Embodiments 1-1-1-2 are also applicable to the degree of bonding between the pellets of the finished combustion process when moving to the discharge end of the moving bed, and the upper layer which is heated to the process requirement cannot be Under the condition of the degree of any thickness of the layer in the layer of the combustion process is completed. Under such conditions, the boundary between the upper layer which is heated to the process requirement and the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirement is discharged, and the temperature of the layer during the completion of the combustion process has not been lowered.
  • the thickness of the layer of the upper layer which is heated to reach the process requirement and the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirement is discharged, or the temperature of the layer after the completion of the combustion process has not been lowered yet
  • the upper layer which is heated to the process requirements cannot be separated from the position below the thickness of the layer which is unheated to the lower layer which is not required to be processed.
  • Embodiment 1-1-2 The upper layer is heated to the process requirement, specifically: the unheated to the process of covering the new layer at the position of covering the new layer by moving to the discharge end of the moving bed
  • Embodiment 1-1-3 The upper layer is heated to the process requirement, specifically: the unheated to the process of covering the new layer at the position of covering the new layer by moving to the discharge end of the moving bed a lower layer of the desired layer and a portion of the layer of the new layer; the unheated to the process
  • the lower layer required is specifically: another portion of the layer that is moved to the new layer at the discharge end of the moving bed.
  • Embodiment 1-1-2, 1-1-3 no bonding occurs between the pellets of the finished combustion process when moving to the discharge end of the moving bed, or the degree of bonding does not reach the heating to reach the process
  • the required upper layer is not capable of completing the thickness of any layer in the layer of the combustion process, and discharging the upper layer to the process requirements and the unheated to the process requirements
  • the boundary line of the lower layer is at a layer thickness position at which the temperature of the layer in which the combustion process is completed is lowered to a predetermined temperature.
  • Embodiments 1-1-2, 1-1-3 the degree of bonding between the pellets of the finished combustion process when moving to the discharge end of the moving bed reaches the upper layer of the heating to the process requirements Under the condition that the thickness of any thickness layer in the layer of the combustion process is completed, the upper layer which is heated to the process requirement and the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirement are discharged.
  • the boundary line, the temperature of the layer at which the combustion process is completed has not been lowered to a position where the upper layer which is heated to the process requirement cannot be discharged separately from the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirement, Or the temperature of the material layer after the completion of the combustion process has not been lowered to the extent that the upper layer which is heated to the process requirement is not separated from the thickness of the layer which is unheated to the lower layer which is required to be processed. position.
  • Embodiment 1-2 The upper layer is heated to the process requirement, specifically: a layer that is moved to the discharge end of the moving bed to complete the combustion process; and the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements, Specifically: the layer of the uncompleted combustion process that is moved to the discharge end of the moving bed.
  • the heating is to reach the upper layer of the process, specifically: moving to the discharge bed end of the moving bed to cover the new layer, covering the new layer, the unheated layer that reaches the process requirement and a portion of the layer in the new layer; the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements, specifically: another portion of the layer that is moved to the new layer at the discharge end of the moving bed.
  • Embodiment 1-1, Embodiment 1-2, the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements includes a layer that does not begin the combustion process, or does not include a layer that does not begin the combustion process.
  • Embodiment 1-1, Embodiment 1-2 when the lower layer is not heated to reach the process requirement, the new layer is covered, in the direction consistent with the running direction of the newly added layer to be covered,
  • the lower layer of material in the lower layer that is heated to the process requirements precedes the upper layer of the lower layer that is not heated to the process requirements to a location that covers the new layer.
  • Embodiment 1-1, Embodiment 1-2 after the lower layer of the material layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements covers the new material layer, the thickness of the material layer is less than the thickness of the material layer that cannot meet the process requirements.
  • Embodiment 1-1, Embodiment 1-2 the effect of the crushing of the pellet material covering the new material layer on the gas permeability of the material layer is limited to the extent that the gas permeability of the material layer can be adapted to the needs of the process. Otherwise, it does not apply to this application.
  • Embodiment 1-1 under the condition that the number of moving beds constituting the moving bed system is two:
  • the moving bed where the surface of the trolley directly contacting the material layer is a moving bed composed of a diagonal spiral surface.
  • the moving bed where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is a moving bed composed of a cone-shaped trolley.
  • a moving bed adopts a moving bed composed of a trolley with a diagonally spiral surface on the side of the trolley directly contacting the material layer, and the other moving bed adopts a cone with the surface of the trolley directly contacting the material layer.
  • the moving bed consists of a trolley.
  • This embodiment is a corresponding embodiment of the second type of technical solution of the method for heating the layer provided by the present application.
  • This type of embodiment is suitable for the heating process in which the heat carrier gas enters the material layer from the top of the material layer, the exhaust gas leaves the material layer from the bottom of the material layer, and passes through the moving bed load material layer portion into the bellows below the moving bed load material layer portion.
  • the heating process of roasting the iron ore pellets the heating process of the calcined ore by the crushed ore, the heating process of drying the granular grains, and the like.
  • the heating system is provided with a drying section of the material layer or no drying section of the material layer before the lower layer of the material layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements covers the new material layer.
  • the drying section of the layer may not be provided.
  • the drying section of the layer may not be provided.
  • the temperature is lower than the dry burst temperature of the pellets forming the new layer, and the drying section of the layer is set or not according to the specific process requirements.
  • the new material layer is not heated up to The drying process is completed after the lower layer of the process is covered by the process. If the heat carrier gas leaves the lower layer which covers the new material layer and is not heated to the process requirement, the temperature of the lower layer is not lower than the dry burst temperature of the pellet material forming the new layer, The drying section of the dried new layer should be placed before the lower layer of material that has not been heated to the process requirements covers the new layer.
  • the preheating section of the layer is set before the lower layer of the material layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements covers the new layer.
  • dry granular grains can be used in the preheating section.
  • the calcined ore is subjected to the crushed granular material or the calcined pellet material, and the preheating section of the material layer is set or not according to the specific process and process requirements.
  • the preheating section of the layer is not provided, so that the new layer is preheated under the lower layer which covers the new layer without heating to the process requirements, from the perspective of thermal energy utilization. Relatively more reasonable.
  • the following embodiment is an implementation after the completion of the production line startup process.
  • the heating mode of the following embodiment is the heating mode after the lower layer of the unheated material reaches the new material layer.
  • the preheating process of the layer is not covered by the lower layer which is not heated to meet the process requirements.
  • the number of moving beds constituting the moving bed system is one, or two, or three, or four.
  • a moving bed composed of a plurality of first and last ends connected to each other, and a trolley constituting the moving bed, wherein the bottom of the vehicle directly contacts the surface where the material layer is located, is an oblique spiral surface, or a conical surface, or a section Cylindrical surface. That is: a moving bed load-bearing layer consisting of a trolley on a diagonal spiral surface of a trolley on the bottom of a trolley, or a trolley that is distributed on a conical surface with a purlin on the bottom of the trolley.
  • Moving bed load layer, or moving bed load layer composed of trolleys distributed on a cylindrical surface with the purlins on the bottom of the trolley (limited to some conditions in Embodiment 2-2).
  • the direct contact layer of the trolley bottom is not limited to the use of the purlin.
  • the screen can be directly touched by the bottom of the trolley.
  • the material forming the new material layer is a pellet material, or the granular material after the ore is crushed, or the grain granularity Materials and so on.
  • the trolley moves to the moving bed discharge end at a constant speed from the position where the feeding end of the moving bed is added to the new material layer.
  • the heat carrier gas enters the layer from the top of the layer, and the tail gas leaves the layer from the bottom of the layer, passes through the bottom of the trolley, and enters the trolley. Bellows.
  • the upper layer is heated prior to the lower layer to meet the process requirements.
  • the surface of the trolley bottom directly contacting the material layer portion moves on a surface that coincides with the surface on which the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer, and the heating carried on the trolley
  • the upper layer that meets the process requirements is continuously discharged separately from the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements.
  • the position where the relative movement between the materials forming the layer is about to occur and the relative movement has not occurred is that the upper layer which is heated to the process requirement and the upper layer which is not heated to reach the process requirement are discharged separately from the lower layer. position. See the general points of the above-mentioned general implementation for the unloading method.
  • the thickness of the upper layer that is heated to the process requirements is the same as the thickness of the new layer added after heating to the process requirements.
  • the layer covers the location of the new layer and is used to cover the new layer.
  • the new material layer Under the condition that the new material layer is not dried before being covered by the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirement, after the new material layer is added, the lower layer is not heated to reach the process requirement. New material layer. Under the condition that the new material layer needs to be dried before being covered by the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirements, the new material layer is dried until it is covered by the lower layer which is not heated to meet the process requirements. After the burst occurs, the new layer is covered with the lower layer that is not heated to the process requirements.
  • the end face of the tail plate of the front side of the bottom of the trolley of the moving bed is adjacent to the adjacent end of the trolley.
  • the rear end faces of the baffles on the sides of the rear of the trolley are combined to achieve the sealing between the panels on the sides of the adjacent trolleys.
  • Embodiment 2-1 heating the upper layer to the process requirement, specifically: moving to the discharge bed end of the moving bed to cover the new layer to cover the new layer, the unheated to meet the process requirements a portion of the lower layer; the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements, specifically: the unheated portion that covers the new layer at a location that covers the new layer at the discharge end of the moving bed To another portion of the lower layer and the new layer that meet the process requirements.
  • the thickness of the lower layer that is not heated to the process requirement after heating to the process requirement is an integral multiple of the thickness of the upper layer that is heated to the process requirement, and the heat is not heated to meet the process requirements.
  • the lower layer is heated to a thickness of not less than twice the thickness of the upper layer that is heated to the process requirements.
  • the moving bed where the surface of the trolley directly contacting the material layer is a moving bed composed of a diagonal spiral surface.
  • the moving bed where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is a moving bed composed of a cone-shaped trolley.
  • a moving bed adopts a moving bed composed of a trolley with a diagonally spiral surface on the side of the trolley directly contacting the material layer, and the other moving bed adopts a cone with the surface of the trolley directly contacting the material layer.
  • the moving bed consists of a trolley.
  • the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements covers the new layer
  • the lower layer is not heated to the process requirement in a direction consistent with the moving direction of the covered new layer.
  • the lower layer of the material precedes the upper layer of the lower layer that is not heated to the process requirements to a position that covers the new layer.
  • Embodiment 2-2 heating the upper layer to the process requirement, specifically: moving to the discharge bed end of the moving bed to cover the new layer and covering the new layer to the process requirements a lower layer; the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements, specifically: a new layer that moves to the discharge end of the moving bed.
  • the unheated to the lower part of the lower layer that meets the process requirements The layer precedes the upper layer of the lower layer that has not been heated to the process requirements to a location that covers the new layer.
  • the moving bed where the surface of the trolley directly contacting the material layer is a moving bed composed of a diagonal spiral surface.
  • the surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is a moving bed composed of a cone-shaped trolley.
  • a moving bed adopts a moving bed composed of a trolley with a diagonally spiral surface on the side where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer, and the other movable bed adopts a surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the layer of the material.
  • a moving bed consisting of a cone-shaped trolley.
  • the number of moving beds constituting the moving bed system is two, and the moving bed where the surface of the trolley directly contacting the material layer is a cylindrical surface of the trolley is used.
  • the new layer is covered in an orderly manner.
  • Embodiment 2-1, Embodiment 2-2 after the lower material layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements covers the newly added material layer, the thickness of the material layer is smaller than the gas permeability of the material layer cannot meet the process requirements. The thickness you want.
  • Embodiment 2-1, Embodiment 2-2 under the condition that the material forming the material layer is a pellet material, the effect of the crushing of the pellet material covering the newly added material layer on the gas permeability of the material layer is limited to the material
  • the gas permeability of the layer can be adapted to the extent required by the process. Otherwise, this application does not apply.
  • Type 3 Embodiment This type of implementation is a corresponding implementation of the third type of technical solution.
  • the embodiment is suitable for roasting a pelletized material prepared by mixing a carbonaceous reducing agent in a ferrous mineral powder, or roasting a mixture of a ferrous mineral powder and a carbonaceous raw material, or heating other powdery materials. , or dry up the block material, and so on.
  • the following embodiment is an implementation after the completion of the production line startup process.
  • the heating method of the embodiment is that the upper layer absorbs heat, and the heat is transferred to the lower layer through the upper layer.
  • the heating device Under the condition of indirect heating, the heating device is above the material layer, and the heating device heats the upper layer, and the upper layer absorbs heat, and the heat is transferred to the lower layer through the upper layer.
  • the heat carrier gas is heated to the upper layer, and the upper layer absorbs heat, and the heat is transferred to the lower layer through the upper layer.
  • the flammable gas overflowing in the burning or partially burning layer provides or partially supplies a heat source to the heating layer.
  • the flammable gas overflowing in the layer burns above the layer, and absorbs heat from the upper layer.
  • the upper layer is transferred to the lower layer.
  • the number of moving beds constituting the moving bed system is one, or two, or three, or four.
  • the moving bed carrying material layer consisting of trolleys, or the surface where the trolley floor directly contacts the material layer is a cylindrical moving bed load layer (limited to Embodiment 3-2, while complying with relevant process requirements).
  • the bottom of the trolley that constitutes the moving bed is not breathable, and the bottom end of the front of the previous trolley is not airtight between the bottom end of the adjacent rear of the trolley.
  • the material forming the new material layer is a pellet material containing a carbonaceous reducing agent (pulverized coal, or coke breeze), or an iron-containing mineral powder material mixed with a carbonaceous material, a bulk material, or other powdery materials. .
  • a carbonaceous reducing agent pulverized coal, or coke breeze
  • an iron-containing mineral powder material mixed with a carbonaceous material, a bulk material, or other powdery materials.
  • the trolley moves at a constant speed from the feeding end of the moving bed to the discharge end.
  • the upper layer of the material on the trolley is heated prior to the lower layer to the process requirements.
  • the upper layer absorbs heat, and the heat is transferred to the lower layer by the upper layer, and the heating reaches the process requirement.
  • the upper layer is heated to the process requirements and the trolley begins to roll over.
  • the surface of the trolley directly contacting the layer of the material layer moves on a surface that coincides with the surface on which the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the layer of the material, and the heating on the trolley is heated to
  • the upper layer that meets the process requirements is continuously discharged separately from the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements.
  • the position where the relative movement between the materials forming the layer is about to occur and the relative movement has not occurred is to separate the upper layer which is heated to the process requirement and the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirement. Out of position. See the general points of the above-mentioned general implementation for the unloading method.
  • the thickness of the upper layer that is heated to meet the process requirements is consistent with the thickness of the new layer after heating to the process requirements.
  • the layer covers the location of the new layer and is used to cover the new layer.
  • the new layer is then covered with the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirements.
  • the trolley at the unloading end of the moving bed is about to happen.
  • the end faces on the sides of the bottom of the trolley are combined with the lower end faces of the two sides of the furnace cover to achieve a seal between the trolley and the furnace cover.
  • Embodiment 3-1 The upper layer is heated to the process requirement, specifically: moving to the discharge bed end of the moving bed, covering the new layer to cover the new layer, the unheated to meet the process requirements a portion of the lower layer; the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements, specifically: the unheated portion that covers the new layer at a location that covers the new layer at the discharge end of the moving bed To another portion of the lower layer and the new layer that meet the process requirements.
  • the thickness of the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirement after heating to the process requirement is an integral multiple of the thickness of the upper layer which is heated to the process requirement. Moreover, the thickness of the lower layer that is not heated until the process is required to be heated to the process requirement is not less than twice the thickness of the upper layer that is heated to the process requirement. Preferably, the lower layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements is heated to a thickness of three times the thickness of the upper layer that is heated to the process requirements.
  • the lower layer When the lower layer is not heated to reach the process requirement, when the new layer is covered, in the direction consistent with the moving direction of the covered new layer, the unheated to the lower layer of the process requirement
  • the lower layer precedes the upper layer of the lower layer that is not heated to the process requirements to a location that covers the newly added layer.
  • the moving bed where the surface of the trolley directly contacting the material layer is a moving bed composed of a diagonal spiral surface.
  • the surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer is a moving bed composed of a cone-shaped trolley.
  • a moving bed adopts a moving bed composed of a trolley with a diagonally spiral surface on the side where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the material layer, and the other movable bed adopts a surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the layer of the material.
  • a moving bed consisting of a cone-shaped trolley.
  • Embodiment 3-2 The upper layer is heated to the process requirement, specifically: shifting Moving to the discharge bed end of the moving bed, covering the new material layer, covering the new material layer, the unheated layer that is not heated to the process requirement; the lower material layer that is not heated to meet the process requirements, specifically: Move to the new layer of the discharge end of the moving bed.
  • Type 4 Embodiment This type of implementation is a corresponding implementation of the fourth type of technical solution.
  • the embodiment is suitable for roasting pellets, for example, roasting pellets made of a carbonaceous reducing agent in a ferrous mineral powder, or roasting a mixture of a ferrous mineral powder and a carbonaceous material. , or heat other powder materials, or dry block materials, and so on.
  • the heating method of this type of embodiment is consistent with the third type of embodiment, that is, the heat of the upper layer is absorbed by the upper layer and transferred to the lower layer by the upper layer.
  • the material forming the layer is a pellet, or a cake, or a powder, or a mixture of a powder and a pellet.
  • the moving bed carrying material layer on one plane when carrying the material layer of the material layer is used for example, the bottom layer of the bottom furnace is used to carry the material layer, or the plurality of trolleys with the first end and the tail end are connected in sequence (trailer)
  • a moving bed carrying material layer consisting of no baffle on both sides of the car bottom, or carrying a layer of material with other straight moving beds.
  • the moving bed carrying material layer is not gas permeable.
  • the inner and outer edges of the bottom of the rotary hearth furnace are combined with the inner and outer lower end faces of the furnace cover to achieve a seal between the bottom of the furnace and the furnace cover.
  • the two sides of the bottom of the trolley are combined with the lower end faces of the furnace cover to realize the furnace cover and the trolley bottom.
  • the seal between. From the position where the trolley is added to the new material layer to the position where the trolley is unheated to the lower material layer that has reached the process requirement, the rear end face of the previous trolley and the adjacent rear end of the rear axle of the trolley The combination of the faces realizes the seal between the adjacent trolley bottoms.
  • both sides of the bottom of the furnace are combined with the lower end faces of the furnace cover to realize the relationship between the bottom of the furnace and the sides of the furnace cover. Sealed.
  • the new bed layer is added when the moving bed carrier layer portion is moved to the position where the new layer is added.
  • the moving bed load layer layer moves at a constant speed from the feeding position to the discharging position.
  • the moving bed is moved on a horizontal plane when the material layer of the carrier layer is loaded.
  • the new layer is then covered with the lower layer which is not heated to the process requirements.
  • the upper layer that is moved to the unloading position that is heated to the upper layer level required to achieve the process is heated to the process requirements.
  • the material that is moved to the position where the material layer required to reach the process is discharged is discharged to the level required to discharge the process.
  • the material layer that has not been heated to the process requirements and that has not been heated to the lower layer level that meets the process requirements is removed.
  • the unloaded lower layer that has not been heated to the process requirements is moved to a position where the lower layer of the unheated material layer is covered to cover the new layer to cover the new layer.
  • the thickness of the upper layer that is heated to meet the process requirements is consistent with the thickness of the new layer after heating to the process requirements.
  • Embodiment 4-1 The upper layer is heated to a process requirement, specifically: moving to a position where the upper layer is covered by discharging to a position corresponding to the upper layer of the process, and covering the new layer at a position covering the new layer
  • no less than two layers of the material are heated to the process requirements before the unheated to the lower layer of the process is discharged. That is, when the first layer is heated until the material layer that meets the process requirements is moved to the moving bed to discharge the first layer and heated to the position of the material layer required to meet the process requirements, the first layer is discharged to the material layer that meets the process requirements, and the second layer is When the layer is heated until the process is required to run to the position where the second layer is heated to the level required to process the process, the second layer is discharged to the layer required to achieve the process. And so on.
  • Embodiment 4-2 The upper layer is heated to the process requirement, specifically: moving to the position of the upper layer covering the process to cover the new layer at the position of covering the new layer
  • the lower layer is not heated to the process requirement, and the lower layer is not heated to the process requirement, specifically: the operation to the moving bed is unheated to the lower layer level that meets the process requirements.
  • New material layer
  • the side of the bottom of the trolley that constitutes the moving bed has a fence.
  • the upper layer which is heated until the process is required to be moved to the discharge end of the moving bed is heated to the position required to cover the new layer.
  • the sides of the trolley bottom of the carrier layer may or may not have a fence.
  • the two sides of the bottom of the trolley are combined with the lower end faces of the furnace cover to achieve the seal between the bottom of the trolley and the furnace cover.
  • the lower end faces of the furnace cover are fixed, and the relative movement between the bottom sealing portion of the trolley and the sealing portion of the furnace cover occurs.
  • the upper layer covering the new material layer is covered at the position covering the new material layer when the upper layer is heated to the discharge position of the moving bed discharge end.
  • the bottom of the trolley bottom of the carrier layer has a fence.
  • the method of heating a layer and a moving bed system provided by the present application are described in detail above.
  • the material layer near the moving bed load layer is heated to the same temperature as the upper layer without increasing the heat strength below the layer near the moving bed load layer.
  • the lower layer of material that is moved to the discharge end of each moving bed can be unloaded by gravity and moved to the corresponding moving bed that receives the lower layer to cover the lower layer to cover the newly added layer to cover the new
  • the upper surface of the trolley bottom is moved on the same surface as the surface on which the upper surface of the trolley bottom is located, so that the upper layer and the upper layer of the process are required to meet the requirements of the process.
  • the lower layer of material that meets the process requirements can be continuously discharged separately. Therefore, the contents of the embodiment section are classified by heating, in order to help those skilled in the art understand how to define the heating to different heating modes.
  • Fig. 1, 1-1 and 1-2 are the feeding end and the discharging end of the moving bed, respectively, and 3 is the moving direction when the moving bed carries the material layer of the material layer; the feeding end 1 1 is below the discharge end 1-2. From the feeding position of the moving bed feeding end to the position where the trolley at the unloading end of the moving bed is about to be turned over, when the moving bed carries the material layer of the material layer, it moves from the feeding end 1-1 to the discharging end 1-2.
  • 1-1 and 1-2 are the feeding end and unloading of a moving bed, respectively.
  • the ends, 2-1 and 2-2 are the feeding end and the discharging end of the other moving bed, respectively
  • 3 is the moving direction of the moving bed carrying material layer part in the carrying layer
  • the feeding end 1-1 is at the discharging end 2 Below the -2
  • the feed end 2-1 is below the discharge end 1-2.
  • 1-1 and 1-2 are the feeding end and the discharging end of one moving bed, respectively
  • 2-1 and 2-2 are the feeding end and the discharging end of the other moving bed, respectively
  • 3 is a moving bed.
  • the moving bed carries the material layer of the material layer, it moves from 1-1 to 1-2 and moves from 2-1 to 2-2.
  • 1-1, 2-1, 3-1 and 1-2, 2-2, 3-2 are the feeding end and the discharging end of the moving bed, respectively, and 3 is the moving bed carrying material layer part in the carrying The direction of movement of the material layer; the feeding ends 1-1, 2-1, 3-1 are respectively below the discharge ends 3-2, 1-2, 2-2; when the moving bed carries the material layer at the material layer, It moves from 1-1 to 1-2, moves from 2-1 to 2-2, and moves from 3-1 to 3-2.
  • the drawing does not indicate the position where the lower material layer covers the new material layer. Since the position of the lower material layer covering the new material layer needs to be determined according to the specific process and the specific process conditions, the above drawings do not reflect the position of the discharge bed end of the moving bed and the position of the lower material layer covering the new material layer. relationship.
  • the direction of the moving direction along the moving bed carrying material layer the direction of the moving direction is the same, and the lower layer is covered with the new layer to add a new layer at the feeding end of the moving bed.
  • the location of the specific process requires the location specified.
  • Figure 5-1 shows that in the case where the trolley is not turned over, an opening downward groove covers the groove of the bottom end opening of the preceding trolley and the slot of the rear end of the rear of the trolley.
  • Figure 5-2 shows the case where the trolley moves to the unloading end of the moving bed, and the downwardly downward groove covers the slot at the bottom end of the front of the trolley and the opening of the rear end of the next trolley. Schematic diagram of the upward slot.
  • Fig. 5-1 and Fig. 5-2 1 is the bottom of the groove which is open downward
  • 2 is the part of the opening which is open downward toward the outside of the groove
  • 3 and 4 are the bottoms of the previous trolley, respectively.
  • the open end of the tail end and the rear opening of the next trolley, 5 and 6 are the rear end of the previous trolley and the latter
  • At the end of the bottom end of the trolley, 7 and 8 are the baffles fixed to the bottom of the front of the previous trolley and the bottom end of the rear of the rear of the trolley.
  • the surface where the lower surface of the vehicle is located, or the surface where the bottom of the trolley is combined with the upper end surface of the bellows under the bottom of the trolley, 10 is the surface where the bottom of the trolley directly contacts the layer of the material
  • 11 is virtual
  • the bottom of the trolley is directly in contact with the surface below the surface where the material layer is located. From the feeding position of the trolley at the feeding end of the moving bed to the position where the trolley has not started to be turned over at the discharge end of the moving bed, the end face of the bottom end of the preceding trolley is connected with the end face of the adjacent rear end of the trolley, that is, : 5 and 6 are connected, and in the case where the material forming the layer is a powdery material, the groove facing downward is used for sealing.
  • the end face of the front end of the previous trolley forms a V-shaped notch with the end face of the adjacent rear end of the trolley, and the downwardly facing groove covers the V-shaped notch.
  • the baffles 7 and 8 fixed to the side of the groove upwardly of the opening cooperate with the outwardly extending portion of the opening portion of the opening downward to prevent the downward groove of the opening from falling during the turning of the trolley.

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Abstract

一种加热料层的方法和移动床系统，加热料层的方法用未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层，既可以使未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层在与其较上部料层同等温度下加热至达到工艺要求，又不提高穿过料层底部和移动床承载料层部位的尾气温度，或不增大料层底部以下部位的热强度。移动床系统使台车移动到移动床卸料端卸料位置时可以将达到工艺要求的较上部料层和未达到工艺要求的较下部料层连续地分开卸出，并为借助重力作用将未达到工艺要求的较下部料层自卸料位置卸出至移动到相应的移动床承接未达到工艺要求的较下部料层的位置覆盖新料层创造必要条件，并简化用未达到工艺要求的料层覆盖新料层的布料过程。

Description

一种加热料层的方法和移动床系统
本申请要求于2016年7月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610615871.3、申请名称为“一种加热料层的方法和移动床系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，以及，2016年8月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610786524.7、申请名称为“一种加热料层的方法和移动床系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及加热物料的方法，尤其是涉及一种在移动床上加热料层的方法，适用于物料干燥、干熘、焙烧等技术领域。本申请还涉及一种移动床系统。
背景技术
背景技术例1：《一种多级出料的移动床干馏加热炉》[申请公布号CN104164241.A]，其加热料层的方法要点包括：(1)形成料层的物料为块状料，或球团料，或粉状料，(2)用承载料层部位承载料层时在一个平面上的移动床承载料层，移动床承载料层部位在水平方向移动(3)移动床承载料层部位不透气，(4)移动床承载料层部位移动到加料位置时加入新料层，(5)移动床承载料层部位自加料位置向卸料位置匀速移动，(6)较上部料层吸收加热料层的热量，热量经过较上部料层传递给较下部料层，(7)较上部料层先于较下部料层加热至达到工艺要求，(8)将移动到卸出加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层位置的较上部料层逐层加热至达到工艺要求，(9)将移动到卸出加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层位置的加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层逐层卸出，(10)较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层在较靠近移动床承载料层部位加热至达到工艺要求后卸出，(11)加热至达到工艺要求的料层的厚度与新料层加热至达到工艺要求后的厚度一致。这种加热料层的方法，通过将加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层卸出，解决上下料层升温速率差异大的问题，提高物料加热的均匀性。这种加热料层的方法，可以使靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层在与其较上部 料层同等温度条件下加热至达到工艺要求，但是，这种加热料层的方法在可以使靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层在与其较上部料层同等温度条件下加热至达到工艺要求的同时，引发了新的技术矛盾，即：要使较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层在与其较上部料层同等温度下加热至达到工艺要求，较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层以下部位必然承受与之相应的热强度，不使较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层以下部位承受与之相应的热强度，较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层就不能在与其较上部料层同等温度下加热至达到工艺要求。在其它因素不变的条件下，提高较靠近移动床承载料层的部位的较下部料层加热至达到工艺要求的温度，必然增大移动床承载料层部位承受的热负荷，这意味着增大炉底热损失，降低热能利用效率。
背景技术例2：《使铁氧化球团的特性最佳化》[《烧结球团》1983年第3期]介绍的焙烧铁矿球团工艺，其加热料层的方法要点包括：(1)形成料层的物料为铁矿石球团料，或内配有少量碳质燃料的铁矿石球团料，(2)多个首端和尾端依次相接的台车组成移动床承载料层部位，即：多个首端和尾端依次相接的台车组成带式焙烧机承载料层部分，各台车相应部位几何形状和几何参数一致，台车车底上的篦条分布在一个平面上，台车车底两侧有栏板，(3)台车移动到带式焙烧机加料端加料位置时在台车上加入新料层，(4)台车自带式焙烧机加料端加料位置向卸料端匀速移动，台车在水平面上作直线移动，(5)台车上的料层依次经过带式焙烧机干燥段，预热段，焙烧段和冷却段，(6)台车上的料层经过带式焙烧机预热段和焙烧段时，载热气体从料层顶部进入料层，尾气从料层底部离开料层，穿过分布于台车车底上的篦条之间的间隙进入台车下面的风箱，(7)台车经过带式焙烧机焙烧段后，台车上的较上部料层和较下部料层都完成了焙烧过程，(8)台车上的料层经过带式焙烧机冷却段被冷却后，台车移动到带式焙烧机卸料端发生翻转，当台车翻转到一定角度时，台车上的较上部料层和较下部料层一起卸出，卸料过程不连续。(9)加热至达到工艺要求的料层的厚度与新料层加热至达到工艺要求后的厚度一致。图3，德腊沃――鲁奇型焙烧机上球团料层热关系曲线揭示了铁精矿氧化球团生产过程中特定料层厚度下带式焙烧机上料层不同部位的温度差异。从球团料层热关系 曲线可以看出，在表层料层进入焙烧段约一半的时间以后，中料层方才达到开始固结温度，料层底部温度比中料层温度尚低约400℃。在焙烧段结束时，料层底部温度方才达到开始固结温度。较上部料层过烧和较下部料层欠火的问题明显存在。如果采用申请公布号CN 104164241.A公开的加热料层的方法，将焙烧至达到工艺要求的较上部料层卸出，有利于使靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层在与其较上部料层同等温度下加热至达到工艺要求，但是，新的技术矛盾是：要使较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层在与其较上部料层同等温度条件下加热至达到工艺要求，穿过较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层底部的载热尾气温度必然是与使较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层在与其较上部料层同等温度条件下加热至达到工艺要求相应的载热尾气温度；不使穿过较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层底部的载热尾气温度成为较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层在与其较上部料层同等温度条件下加热至达到工艺要求相应的载热尾气温度，较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层就不能在与其较上部料层同等温度条件下加热至达到工艺要求。在其它因素不变的条件下，只要提高较靠近移动床承载料层的部位的较下部料层加热至达到工艺要求的温度，必然提高穿过较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层底部的载热尾气的温度，这意味着降低载热气体热能利用效率并增大移动床承载料层部位热负荷。
采用与上述工艺相同的加热方式，用载热气体焙烧矿石粒状料等加热料层的方法，上述问题同样存在。
背景技术例3：《烧结球团理论与工艺》[张汉泉主编，化学工业出版社出版，2015年9月北京第1版]介绍的烧结工艺，其加热料层的方法要点包括：(1)形成料层的物料为铁矿石粉料内配碳质燃料的球团料，(2)多个首端和尾端依次相接的台车组成移动床承载料层部位，即：多个首端和尾端依次相接的台车组成带式烧结机承载料层部分，各台车相应部位几何形状和几何参数一致，台车车底上的篦条分布在一个平面上，台车车底两侧有栏板，(3)台车运行到带式烧结机加料端加料位置时在台车上加入新料层，(4)台车自带式烧结机加料端加料位置向卸料端匀速移动，台车在水平面上作直线移动，(5)台车经过带式烧结机料层点火段时，用燃烧 器喷射的火焰引燃料层中的上表面料层，(6)引燃后的料层在助燃空气助燃下自行燃烧，料层形成燃烧层，(7)助燃空气从料层顶部进入料层，燃烧尾气从料层底部离开料层，穿过分布于台车车底上的篦条之间的间隙进入台车下面的风箱，料层燃烧层自上而下移动，较上部料层先于较下部料层完成燃烧过程，(8)助燃空气经过完成燃烧过程的料层时被完成燃烧过程的料层加热，完成燃烧过程的料层中的余热被助燃空气带给完成燃烧过程的料层下面的料层，(9)当台车上的较下部料层完成燃烧过程时，台车移动到带式烧结机卸料端，台车发生翻转，台车上的较上部料层和较下部料层在台车翻转到一定角度时一起卸出，卸料过程不连续，(10)加热至达到工艺要求的料层的厚度与新料层加热至达到工艺要求后的厚度一致。这种加热料层的方法存在的局限是较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层需要在较靠近移动床承载料层部位完成燃烧过程，使穿过料层底部的燃烧尾气温度是较下部料层在较靠近移动床承载料层部位完成燃烧过程相应的燃烧尾气温度，影响热能利用效率，并使台车篦条承受较大热强度，影响篦条使用寿命。如果采用申请公布号CN 104164241.A公开的加热料层的方法，将完成燃烧过程的较上部料层卸出，较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层仍然需要在较靠近移动床承载料层部位完成燃烧过程，穿过料层底部的燃烧尾气温度仍然是较下部料层在较靠近移动床承载料层部位完成燃烧过程相应的燃烧尾气温度，前述影响热能利用效率并影响篦条使用寿命的局限仍然不能克服。
前述背景技术例及其简要分析说明，将加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层卸出，使较下部料层可以在与其较上部料层同等温度下加热至达到工艺要求，面临相同的技术矛盾。即：在尾气穿过料层底部和移动床承载料层部位的条件下，要使较靠近移动床承载料层部位的料层在与其较上部料层同等温度下加热至达到工艺要求，必然使穿过料层底部和移动床承载料层部位的尾气温度成为较靠近移动床承载料层部位的料层在与其较上部料层同等温度条件下加热至达到工艺要求相应的温度，以及使移动床承载料层部位承受与之相应的热强度。在移动床承载料层部位不透气的条件下，要使较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层在与其较上部料层同等温度下加热至达到工艺要求，必然使较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层 以下部位承受与之相应的热强度。新的技术矛盾带来的结果是：要么较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层不在与其较上部料层同等温度下加热至达到工艺要求，要么降低热能利用效率。
申请内容
本申请提供的一种加热料层的方法所要解决的技术问题是：在载热尾气穿过料层底部和移动床承载料层部位的条件下，既要使较下部料层可以在与其较上部料层同等温度下加热至达到工艺要求，又不使穿过料层底部和移动床承载料层部位的载热尾气温度成为使较下部料层在与其较上部料层同等温度下加热至达到工艺要求相应的载热尾气温度，并且，也不使移动床承载料层部位承受与之相应的热强度；在移动床承载料层部位不透气的条件下，既要使较下部料层可以在与其较上部料层同等温度条件下加热至达到工艺要求，又使移动床承载料层部位承受与之相应的热强度。
本申请提供的一种移动床系统，所要解决的技术问题是使组成移动床的台车移动到移动床卸料端卸料位置时，台车上达到工艺要求的较上部料层和未达到工艺要求的较下部料层可以连续地分开卸出，并且，为每一个移动床卸料端卸出的较下部料层都可以借助重力作用移动到相应的承接较下部料层的移动床承接较下部料层的位置覆盖新料层创造必要条件。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请提供如下技术方案。
一种移动床系统的技术方案如下：
多个首端和尾端依次相接的台车组成的移动床。
台车自移动床加料端加料位置向移动床卸料端卸料位置匀速移动。
台车移动到移动床卸料端发生翻转。
组成同一个移动床的台车相应部位几何形状一致。
组成同一个移动床的台车相应部位几何参数一致。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端即将发生翻转的位置，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面与水平面的倾角小于台车承载的形成料层的物料之间发生相对运动的倾角。
进一步地，在移动床卸料端，当台车翻转到卸料位置时，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面在与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面一致的 面上移动。
进一步地，任意一个移动床承接未达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，在移动床卸料端的下面。
进一步地，自台车在移动床卸料端台车开始发生翻转的位置至台车在移动床卸料端卸料位置，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面与水平面的倾角小于台车承载的形成料层的物料之间发生相对运动的倾角。
方案1：所述移动床的个数为一个
所述移动床承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，在所述移动床卸料端的下面。
组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面。并且，其车底直接直角料层部位所在的斜螺旋面，在另一段正螺旋面的上方，或在另一段斜螺旋面的上方，二者择其一。
方案2：所述移动床的个数为二个
任意一个所述移动床承接未达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，在另一个所述移动床卸料端的下面。
方案2-1：在组成任意一个所述移动床的所述台车相应部位几何形状与组成另一个所述移动床的所述台车相应部位几何形状一致的条件下：
方案2-1-1：组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面。并且，组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面，在另一段正螺旋面上的上方，或在另一段斜螺旋面的上方，二者择其一。
方案2-1-2：组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面(注：一段直母线与轴线呈一定的倾角，直母线的端点不在轴线上，直母线绕轴线旋转一定的角度得到的一段曲面)。并且，组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面，在另一段圆锥面的上方，或在一段扇面(注：即一个较大的扇形平面截去一个相同圆心且相同弧角的较小的扇形平面后剩余的部分)的上方，二者择其一。
方案2-1-3：组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆柱面。并且，组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接 触料层部位所在的圆柱面，在一段矩形平面的上方。
方案2-2：在组成一个所述移动床的所述台车相应部位几何形状与组成另一个所述移动床的所述台车相应部位几何形状不一致的条件下：
方案2-2-1：组成一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段正螺旋面，或是一段斜螺旋面，二者择其一；组成另一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段圆锥面，或一段扇面，二者择其一。
组成一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面；组成另一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面。
方案2-2-2：组成一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段圆锥面，组成另一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段扇面。
组成一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面；组成另一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面。
方案3：所述移动床的个数为三个
任意一个所述移动床承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，在与之相邻的另一个所述移动床卸料端的下面。
方案3-1：在组成任意一个所述移动床的所述台车相应部位几何形状与组成与之相邻的另一个所述移动床的所述台车相应部位几何形状一致的条件下：
方案3-1-1：组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面。并且，组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面，在另一段正螺旋面的上方，或在另一段斜螺旋面的上方，二者择其一。
方案3-1-2：组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面。并且，组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面，在另一段圆锥面的上方，或在一段扇面的上方，二者择其一。
方案3-2：组成一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段圆锥面；组成其它两个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段扇面。
组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面。
方案3-3：组成一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段扇面，组成其它两个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段圆锥面。
组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面。
方案4：所述移动床的个数为四个。
任意一个所述移动床承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，在与之相邻的另一个所述移动床卸料端的下面。
方案4-1：组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面。并且，组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面，在另一段正螺旋面的上方，或在另一段斜螺旋面的上方，二者择其一。
方案4-2：组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面。并且，组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面，在另一段圆锥面的上方，或在一段扇面的上方，二者择其一。
前述方案1，方案2，方案3，方案4：
组成所述移动床的所述台车，所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端和尾端在所述台车车底首端端面和尾端端面上，或者与所述台车车底首端端面和尾端端面接近。
组成所述移动床的所述台车，所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面首端和尾端在所述台车车底首端端面和尾端端面上。
组成所述移动床的所述台车，所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端和尾端的夹角的角度与所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下面的面首端和尾端的夹角的角度一致。
自所述台车在所述移动床加料端加料位置至所述台车在所述移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，在所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面，在与所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面一致的面上移动。
前述方案1，方案3，方案4：
组成所述移动床的所述台车，所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面的轴线，与所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面的轴线垂直，并且相交。
根据形成所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面的直母线绕其轴线沿着所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面，自所述移动床加料端加料位置的所述台车其车底尾端旋转至所述移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置的所述台车车底首端旋转的角度，以及自所述移动床加料端加料位置的所述台车尾端至所述移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置的所述台车首端之间的所述台车的个数，确定组成所述移动床的所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端和尾端的夹角的角度。
前述方案2，在组成所述移动床的所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面，组成所述移动床的所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下面的面是一段正螺旋面，或一段斜螺旋面的条件下，或者，在组成所述移动床的所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面，组成所述移动床的所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段圆锥面或扇面的条件下：
组成所述移动床的所述台车，所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面的轴线，与所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面的轴线垂直，并且相交。
根据形成所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面的直母线绕其轴线沿着所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面，自所述移动床加料端加料位置的所述台车其车底尾端旋转至所述移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置的所述台车车底首端旋转的角度，以及自所述移动床加料端加料位置的所述台车尾端至所述移动床卸料端台车 即将发生翻转的位置的所述台车首端之间的所述台车的个数，确定组成所述移动床的所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端和尾端的夹角的角度。
前述方案1，方案2，方案3，方案4：自所述台车在所述移动床加料端加料位置至所述台车在所述移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，在所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面，在与所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面一致的面上移动。
一种加热料层的方法的技术方案如下：
用支撑料层随着承载料层部位移动的移动床承载料层。
移动床承载料层部位移动到加入新料层的位置时加入新料层。
移动床承载料层部位自加料位置向卸料位置匀速移动。
较上部料层先于较下部料层加热至达到工艺要求。
将移动到卸出加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层位置的较上部料层加热至达到工艺要求。
将移动到卸出加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层位置的加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层卸出。
所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的厚度与加入的所述新料层加热至达到工艺要求后的厚度一致。
进一步地，将移动到卸出所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层位置的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层卸出。
进一步地，将卸出的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层移动到相应的移动床承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，用所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层。
第1类技术方案
形成料层的物料为内配碳质燃料的球团料。
所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层后，助燃空气从料层顶部进入料层，燃烧形成料层的球团料中的碳质燃料，燃烧尾气从新料层底部离开料层，进入移动床下面的尾气箱。
球团料燃烧层自上而下移动。
助燃空气经过完成燃烧过程的料层时被完成燃烧过程的料层加热，完 成燃烧过程的料层中的余热被助燃空气带给完成燃烧过程的料层下面的料层。
采用本申请提供的一种移动床系统，组成所述移动床系统的所述移动床的个数为一个，或为二个，或为三个，或为四个。
采用台车车底具有透气功能的台车组成的移动床，例如，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面由篦条与篦条之间有间隙的篦条组成。
方案1-1：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的完成燃烧过程的料层中的一部分料层；所述加热至未达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的完成燃烧过程的料层中的另一部分料层和未完成燃烧过程的料层。
方案1-1-1：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的一部分料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的另一部分料层和新料层。
方案1-1-2：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的新料层。
方案1-1-3：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层和新料层中的一部分料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的新料层中的另一部分料层。
方案1-2：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的完成燃烧过程的料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的未完成燃烧过程的料层。
方案1-1，1-2，在所述移动床系统所述移动床的个数为二个的条件下：
采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车组成的移动床。
或，采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的台车组 成的移动床。
或，一个移动床采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车组成的移动床，另一个移动床采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的台车组成的移动床。
方案1-1，1-2，覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的球团料发生破碎对料层透气性的影响，限定在使料层的透气性能够适应工艺需要的程度以内。否则，本申请不适用。
方案1-1，1-2，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层后，料层的厚度小于使料层的透气性不能适应工艺需要的厚度。
方案1-1，1-2，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层时，在与被覆盖的新料层移动方向一致的方向，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较下部料层先于所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较上部料层覆盖新料层。
第2类技术方案
形成料层的物料为球团料，或矿石经破碎后的粒状料，或粒状谷物。
所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层后，载热气体从料层顶部进入料层，载热尾气从新料层底部离开料层，穿过移动床承载料层部位，进入移动床下面的尾气箱。。
采用本申请提供的一种移动床系统，组成所述移动床系统的所述移动床的个数为一个，或为二个，或为三个，或为四个。采用所述台车车底具有透气功能的台车组成的移动床，例如，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面由篦条与篦条之间有间隙的篦条组成。
方案2-1：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的一部分料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的另一部分料层和新料层。
在所述移动床系统所述移动床的个数为二个的条件下：
采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车组成的移动床。
或，采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的台车组成的移动床。
或，一个移动床采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车组成的移动床，另一个移动床采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的台车组成的移动床。
所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层时，在与被覆盖的新料层移动方向一致的方向，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较下部料层先于所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较上部料层覆盖新料层。
方案2-2：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的新料层。
方案2-1，方案2-2，在形成料层的物料为球团料的条件下，覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的球团料发生破碎对料层透气性的影响，限定在使料层的透气性能够适应工艺需要的程度以内。否则，本申请不适用。
方案2-1，方案2-2，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层后，料层的厚度小于使料层的透气性不能适应工艺需要的厚度。
第3类技术方案
形成料层的物料为粉状料，或球团料，或块状料，或粉状料与碳质原料的混合料。
较上部料层吸收加热料层的热量，热量经过较上部料层传递给较下部料层。
用承载料层部位不透气移动床承载料层。
采用本申请提供的一种移动床系统，组成所述移动床系统的所述移动床的个数为一个，或为二个，或为三个，或为四个。
方案3-1：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的一部分料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部 料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的另一部分料层和新料层。
在所述移动床系统所述移动床的个数为二个的条件下：
采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车组成的移动床。
或，采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的台车组成的移动床。
或，一个移动床采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车组成的移动床，另一个移动床采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的台车组成的移动床。
所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层时，在与被覆盖的新料层移动方向一致的方向，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较下部料层先于所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较上部料层覆盖新料层。
方案3-2：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的新料层。
第4类技术方案
形成料层的物料为粉状料，或球团料，或块状料，或粉状料与焦或煤粒状料的混合料。
较上部料层吸收加热料层的热量，热量经过较上部料层传递给较下部料层。
用承载料层部位不透气移动床承载料层。
用承载料层部位承载料层时在一个平面上的移动床承载料层。
方案4-1：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到卸出加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层位置的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层和新料层中的一部分料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到卸出所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层位置的新料层中的另一部分料层。
方案4-2：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到卸出加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层位置的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到卸出未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层位置的新料层。
特别说明：本申请提供的一种加热料层的方法，特指完成了生产线启动过程转入正常生产过程之后的加热料层的方法。本申请提供的加热料层的方法，从时间角度定义，自获得了所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层算起，获得所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层之前的生产线启动过程，加热方式不受本申请提供的加热料层的方法的限制。本申请提供的加热料层的方法，从空间角度定义，自所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新加入的料层的位置算起。例如，如果具体工艺需要在所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新加入的料层之前在加入新料层的移动床上对新料层进行干燥，干燥过程的加热方式可以不受载热气体从料层上部进入料层，干燥尾气穿过料层底部和移动床承载料层部位这样的规定的限制。
本申请可以取得以下有益效果：
其一，本申请提供的加热料层的方法，用未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层，使较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层不必在较靠近移动床承载料层部位加热至达到工艺要求，而是在被未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖的新料层上面加热至达到工艺要求。如此，在载热尾气穿过料层底部和移动床承载料层部位的条件下，利用新料层的吸热作用，既使未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层可以在与其较上部料层同等温度下加热至达到工艺要求，又不会使穿过料层底部和移动床承载料层部位的载热尾气温度成为象使较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层在与其较上部料层同等温度下在较靠近移动床承载料层部位加热至达到工艺要求那样的载热尾气温度，以及不会使移动床承载料层部位承受象使较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层在与其较上部料层同等温度下在较靠近移动床承载料层部位加热至达到工艺要求那样的热强度；在移动床承载料层部位不透气的条件下，不会使移动床承载料层部位承受象使较靠近 移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层在与其较上部料层同等温度下在较靠近移动床承载料层部位加热至达到工艺要求那样的热强度。这种加热料层的方法，在载热尾气穿过料层底部和移动床承载料层部位的具体工艺中，不仅有利于提高热能利用效率，还有利于降低移动床承载料层部位热强度，延长移动床承载料层部位使用寿命；在移动床承载料层部位不透气的具体工艺中，不会增大移动床承载料层部位的热强度，有利于减少层热损失，提高热能利用效率。
其二，本申请提供的加热料层的方法，在助燃空气从料层顶部进入料层燃烧形成料层的球团为中的碳质燃料为加热料层供热的具体工艺中，用一部分完成燃烧过程的料层与未完成燃烧过程的料层的复合料层组成的未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层，既可以象现有技术那样利用完成燃烧过程的料层中的余热预热助燃空气，又可以利用未完成燃烧过程的料层在新料层上面继续完成燃烧过程来引燃新料层，因此，在完成生产线启动过程以后，即可以不必再用外部火焰进行引燃料层的料层点火过程。
其三，本申请提供的一种移动床系统，使台车运行到移动床卸料端卸料位置时台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面在与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面一致的面上移动，如此，为将达到工艺要求的较上部料层和未达到工艺要求的较下部料层连续地分开卸出创造了必要条件，包括为实施本申请提供的加热料层的方法创造必要条件。并且，由于任意一个移动床承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置在移动床卸料端的下面，为任意一个移动床卸料端卸出的未达到工艺要求的较下部料层可以借助重力作用更便捷地移动到承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的移动床覆盖新料层的位置创造必要条件，并且可以简化用未达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层的布料过程。在形成料层的物料为球团料的条件下，尤其有利于缓解形成未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的球团料自卸出至移动到相应的承接未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的移动床承接未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的位置覆盖新料层的过程中的破碎问题，为实施本申请提供的加热料层的方法创造有利条件。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施方式，下面将对实施方式所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
附图1为采用移动床和台车型式1的台车和移动床，所述移动床个数为一个的条件下，表示本移动床的加料端在本移动床卸料端的下面这种位置关系的示意图；
附图2-1为采用移动床和台车型式3的台车和移动床，所述移动床个数为二个的条件下，表示一个移动床的加料端在另一个移动床卸料端的下面这种位置关系的主视方向示意图；
附图2-2为采用移动床和台车型式3的台车和移动床，所述移动床个数为二个的条件下的俯视方向示意图；
附图3为采用移动床和台车型式1的台车和移动床，移动床的个数为二个的条件下，表示一个移动床的加料端在与之相邻的另一个移动床卸料端的下面这种位置关系的示意图；
附图4为采用移动床和台车型式1的台车和移动床，移动床的个数为三个的条件下，表示任意一个移动床的加料端在与之相邻另一个移动床的卸料端的下面这种位置关系的示意图；
需要说明的是，由于移动床承接较下部料层覆盖新加入的料层的位置需要结合具体工艺及工艺要求方能确定，所以，附图未标示承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置。由于承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置需要根据具体工艺及具体工艺条件方能确定，所以，上述附图未反映移动床卸料端与承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置的位置关系。在具体实施时，根据具体工艺及工艺要求，在沿移动床承载料层部位承载料层时移动方向一致的方向，承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置在移动床加料端加入新料层的位置之后的具体工艺要求所指定位置。
附图5-1为自台车在移动床加料端加料位置起至台车在移动床卸料端即将发生翻转的位置这个区间内，前一个台车车底尾端与相邻的后一个台车车底首端开口向上的槽和罩在相邻的台车车底首尾两端的开口向下的槽 的示意图；
附图5-2为台车在移动床卸料端发生翻转的过程中前一个台车车底尾端与相邻的后一个台车车底首端开口向上的槽和罩在相邻的台车车底首尾两端的开口向下的槽的示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请的核心是提供一种加热料层的方法和移动床系统，该加热料层的方法的核心是用较靠近移动床承载料层部位的未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层，使较靠近移动床承载料层部位的较下部料层不必在较靠近移动床承载料层部位加热至达到工艺要求，该移动床系统的核心是，使移动到移动床卸料端卸料位置时的台车上的较上部料层和较下部料层可以连续地分开卸出，并且为借助重力作用将卸出的较下部料层移动到相应的承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的移动床承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置创造必要条件。
下面将结合本申请实施方式中的附图，对本申请实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施方式，而不是全部的实施方式。基于本申请中的实施方式，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式，都属于本申请保护的范围。
请参考附图1至附图5，附图1为采用移动床和台车型式1的台车和移动床，所述移动床的个数为一个的条件下，表示本移动床的加料端在本移动床的卸料端的下面这种位置关系的示意图；附图2-1为采用移动床和台车型式3的台车和移动床，所述移动床的个数为二个的条件下，表示一个移动床的加料端在另一个移动床的卸料端的下面这种位置关系的主视方向示意图；附图2-2为采用移动床和台车型式3的台车和移动床，所述移动床的个数为二个的条件下的俯视方向示意图；附图3为采用移动床和台车型式1的台车和移动床，所述移动床的个数为二个的条件下，表示一个移动床的加料端在另一个移动床的卸料端的下面这种位置关系的示意图；附图4为采用移动床和台车型式1的台车和移动床，所述移动床的个数为 三个的条件下，表示任意一个移动床的加料端在与之相邻的另一个移动床卸料端的下面这种位置关系的示意图；附图5-1为自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端即将发生翻转的位置这个区间内，前一个台车车底尾端与相邻的后一个台车车底首端开口向上的槽和罩在相邻的台车车底首尾两端的开口向下的槽的示意图；附图5-2为台车在移动床卸料端发生翻转的过程中前一个台车车底尾端与相邻的后一个台车车底首端开口向上的槽和罩在相邻的台车首尾两端的开口向下的槽的示意图。
附图1为采用移动床和台车型式1的台车和移动床，所述移动床个数为一个的条件下，表示本移动床的加料端在本移动床卸料端的下面这种位置关系的示意图；
附图2-1为采用移动床和台车型式3的台车和移动床，所述移动床个数为二个的条件下，表示一个移动床的加料端在另一个移动床卸料端的下面这种位置关系的主视方向示意图；
附图2-2为采用移动床和台车型式3的台车和移动床，，所述移动床个数为二个的条件下的俯视方向示意图；
附图3为采用移动床和台车型式1的台车和移动床，移动床的个数为二个的条件下，表示一个移动床的加料端在与之相邻的另一个移动床卸料端的下面这种位置关系的示意图；
附图4为采用移动床和台车型式1的台车和移动床，移动床的个数为三个的条件下，表示任意一个移动床的加料端在与之相邻另一个移动床的卸料端的下面这种位置关系的示意图；
需要说明的是，由于移动床承接较下部料层覆盖新加入的料层的位置需要结合具体工艺及工艺要求方能确定，所以，附图未标示承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置。由于承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置需要根据具体工艺及具体工艺条件方能确定，所以，上述附图未反映移动床卸料端与承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置的位置关系。在具体实施时，根据具体工艺及工艺要求，在沿移动床承载料层部位承载料层时移动方向一致的方向，承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置在移动床加料端加入新料层的位置之后的按具体工艺要求所指定位置。
一种移动床系统的实施方式如下：
以下实施方式，介绍的是台车车底两侧有栏板情况下的实施方式。在台车车底两侧没有栏板的条件下，台车，台车组成移动床，移动床组成移动床系统参照台车车底有栏板的条件下的实施方式。在台车车底两侧没有栏板的条件下，自移动床加料端加料位置至移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，炉罩两侧下端面与组成移动床的台车车底两侧边缘结合，实现台车与炉罩之间的密封。
组成移动床的台车由车底，车底两侧的栏板等部件构成。
在工艺要求移动床承载料层部位不透气的条件下，台车车底有实际存在的上表面和下表面。台车车底两侧的栏板上端面可以与加热炉炉罩两侧下端面相结合，实现台车车底两侧的栏板与炉罩两侧面之间的密封。
在具体工艺为用载热气体加热料层，加热尾气穿过料层底部和移动床承载料层部位进入台车下面的风箱的条件下，如果用分布于台车车底的篦条支撑料层，将分布于台车车底支撑料层的篦条所在的面理解为台车车底上表面，将与台车车底下面的风箱两侧上端面的接触面所在的面理解为台车车底下表面所在的面。台车车底两侧的栏板上端面可以与载热气体室两侧下端面相结合，实现台车与载热气体室两侧下端面之间的密封。台车车底的密封面可以与台车车底下面的风箱两侧上端面相结合，实现台车车底与台车下面的风箱两侧面之间的密封。
在具体工艺的加热方式为助燃空气从料层顶部进入料层，燃烧形成料层的球团料中的碳质燃料，燃烧尾气从料层底部离开料层进入台车车底下面的风箱的条件下，如果用分布于台车车底上的篦条支撑料层，将分布于台车车底上支撑料层的篦条所在的面理解为台车车底上表面所在的面，将台车车底与台车车底下面的风箱两侧上端面结合的密封面所在的面理解为台车车底下表面所在的面。台车车底两侧的栏板上端面可以与料层点火引燃段炉罩两侧下端面结合，实现台车与炉罩之间的密封。台车车底的密封面可以与台车车底下面的风箱两侧上端面结合，实现台车车底与台车车底下面的风箱两侧上端面之间的密封。
如前所述，不是所有具体工艺条件下台车车底都有实际存在的上表面和下表面，并且，在用分布于台车车底上的篦条支撑料层的条件下，台车车底上的篦条之间是有间隙的，所以，分布于台车车底上的篦条也并不是 一个面，台车车底下表面也不是实际存在的面。鉴于这些具体情况，为了便于表述，将台车车底上表面所在的面统一表述为台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面，并用在台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面指代台车车底下表面所在的面，或指代台车车底与台车车底下面的风箱之间的密封面所在的面。还可以将在台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面理解为是一段虚拟的面，这段虚拟的面可以理解为：假设将台车车底实际存在的下表面向上平行移动至与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端和尾端重合或接近重合的一个面，或假设将台车车底与台车车底下面的风箱之间的密封面所在的面向上平行移动至与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端和尾端重合或接近重合的一个面。
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端和尾端形成的夹角的角度，决定于台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面首端和尾端形成的夹角的角度。也就是说，决定于台车车底下表面或台车车底与台车车底下面的风箱之间的密封面所在的面首端与尾端之间形成的夹角的角度。也就是说，台车车底下表面所在的面首端与尾端之间形成的夹角的角度与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端与尾端之间形成的夹角的角度是一致的，或台车车底与台车车底下面的风箱之间的密封面所在的面首端与尾端之间形成的夹角与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端与尾端之间形成的夹角的角度是一致的。
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端和尾端之间的夹角的角度，是由台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面与其轴线的倾角决定的。台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面与其轴线的倾角越大，台车车底直接接触料层部位首端与尾端之间形成的夹角的角度越大。
在台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的条件下，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面可以理解为：一段直母线与轴线倾斜一定的角度，直母线与轴线不相交，直母线绕轴线等角速度旋转，并沿轴线方向等速移动，当直母线绕轴线旋转180度时，得到一段斜螺旋面。将这段斜螺旋面沿轴线方向等分成n段，每一段首尾两端截去台车在移动床卸料端发生翻转导致前一个台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面尾端与相邻的后一个台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端不能相接的部分以后留 下的部分，即是台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面。
在台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的条件下，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面理解为：一段直母线与其轴线倾斜一定的角度，直母线与轴线不相交，直母线绕轴线旋转180度，得到一段圆锥面，将这段圆锥面沿轴线方向等分成n段，每一段首尾两端截去台车在移动床卸料端发生翻转导致前一个台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面尾端与相邻的后一个台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端不能相接的部分以后留下的部分，即是台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面。
在台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆柱面的条件下，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面理解为：一段直母线与其轴线平行，直母线绕轴线旋转180度，得到一段圆柱面。将这段圆柱面沿轴线方向等分成n段，每一段首尾两端截去台车移动床卸料端发生翻转导致前一个台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面尾端与相邻的后一个台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端不能相接的部分以后留下的部分，即是台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆柱面。
前述沿轴线方向等分成n段的面，每一段绕其轴线从首端旋转到尾端旋转的角度，决定在移动床卸料端自台车开始翻转的位置至台车完成180度翻转的位置可以有多少个台车在移动床卸料端发生翻转。
例如，假定前述沿轴线方向等分成n段的曲面，每一段从首端绕其轴线旋转到尾端旋转了15度，在移动床卸料端自台车开始翻转的位置至台车完成180度翻转的位置，则可以有12个台车同时在移动床卸料端发生翻转。
例如，假定前述沿轴线方向等分成n段的面，每一段从首端绕其轴线旋转到尾端旋转了12度，在移动床卸料端自台车开始翻转的位置至台车完成180度翻转的位置，则可以有15个台车同时在移动床卸料端发生翻转。
根据形成所述台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面的直母线绕其轴线沿着台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面，自所述移动床加料端加料位置的所述台车车底尾端旋转至所述移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置的所述台车车底首端旋转的角度，以及自所述移动床加料端加料位置的所述台车尾端至所述移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置的所述台车首端之间的所述台车的个数，确定组成所述移动床的所述台车 车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端和尾端的夹角的角度。台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的是一段矩形平面的情况除外。
例如，在组成所述台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面，组成移动床系统的移动床个数为一个的条件下，假定形成所述台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面的直母线绕其轴线沿着台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面，自所述移动床加料端加料位置的所述台车车底尾端旋转至所述移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置的所述台车车底首端旋转的角度为340度(角度制)，以及自所述移动床加料端加料位置的所述台车尾端至所述移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置的所述台车首端之间的所述台车的个数为80个的条件下，所述台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端和尾端的夹角的角度为4.25度。
例如，在组成所述台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面，组成移动床系统的移动床个数为二个的条件下，假定形成所述台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面的直母线绕其轴线沿着台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面，自所述移动床加料端加料位置的所述台车车底尾端旋转至所述移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置的所述台车车底首端旋转的角度为190度，以及自所述移动床加料端加料位置的所述台车尾端至所述移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置的所述台车首端之间的所述台车的个数38个的条件下，所述台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端和尾端的夹角的角度为5度。
在台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段螺旋面的条件下，在自移动床加料端加料位置台车车底尾端至移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置台车首端之间形成的夹角，是形成台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的螺旋面的直母线绕其轴线沿着螺旋面所在的面自移动床加料端加料位置台车尾端等角速度旋转到移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置台车首端所旋转的角度。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，一个移动床采用多少个台车，还须结合具体工艺所要求的台车自移动床加料端加料位置至移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置台车运行路径的长度和每个台车首尾两端之间的距离等因素来确定。
移动床和台车型式1：
台车：
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面。
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面，在另一段正螺旋面的上方，或在另一段斜螺旋面的上方，二者择其一。
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面的轴线，与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面下方的正螺旋面或斜螺旋面的轴线垂直，并且相交。
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面的首端和尾端，在台车车底首端端面和尾端端面上，或者与台车车底首端和尾端端面接近。
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面下方的另一段正螺旋面或斜螺旋的首端和尾端，在台车车底首端端面和尾端端面上。
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面首端和尾端的夹角的角度，与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面下方的正螺旋面或斜螺旋面首端和尾端的夹角的角度一致。例如，都是4度，或都是5度。
台车车底两侧的栏板内侧面各是一段斜螺旋面。
台车车底两侧的栏板内侧面所在的斜螺旋面的轴线，以及台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面下方的另一段正螺旋面或斜螺旋面的轴线，是同一条直线。
台车车底两侧的栏板内侧面与在台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面下方的正螺旋面或斜螺旋面的夹角不小于90度。
优选台车车底首端端面与台车车底两侧的栏板首端端面在一个平面上。
优选台车车底尾端端面与台车车底两侧的栏板尾部端端面在一个平面上。
台车组成移动床：
多个首端和尾端依次相接的台车组成的移动床。
组成同一个移动床的台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面。组成同一个移动床的台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面下方的面是一段正螺旋面，或一段斜螺旋面，二者择其一。即：在 同一个移动床上，不允许既有台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面下方的面是一段正螺旋面的台车，又有台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车。
组成同一个移动床的各台车相应部位几何参数一致，例如，各台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面几何参数一致，各台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面下方的正螺旋面或斜螺旋面几何参数一致，各台车车底两侧的栏板中同侧的栏板几何参数一致。
台车自移动床加料端加料位置向移动床卸料端卸料位置匀速移动。
台车移动到移动床卸料端发生翻转。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，在台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面下方的正螺旋面或斜螺旋面，在与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面下方的正螺旋面或斜螺旋面一致的正螺旋面或斜螺旋面上移动。即：自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，在台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面下方的正螺旋面或斜螺旋面，组成一段正螺旋面，或组成一段斜螺旋面。
在移动床卸料端，当台车翻转到卸料位置时，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面，在与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面一致的斜螺旋面上移动。
在移动床卸料端，自台车开始发生翻转至台车完成180底翻转，优选不少于8个台车同时在发生翻转。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，优选台车的个数不少于在移动床卸料端发生翻转的台车的个数的三倍。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，台车车底两侧的栏板中同侧的栏板内侧面组成一段斜螺旋面。
移动床和台车型式2：
台车：
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面。
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面，在另一段圆锥面的上方， 或在一段扇面的上方，二者择其一。
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面的轴线，与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面下方的另一段圆锥面或扇面的轴线垂直，并且相交。
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面的首端和尾端，在台车车底首端端面和尾端端面上，或者与台车车底首端端面和尾端端面接近。台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面下方的另一段圆锥面或扇面的首端和尾端，在台车车底首端端面和尾端端面上。
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面首端和尾端的夹角的角度，与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面下方的另一段圆锥面或扇面首端和尾端的夹角的角度一致。例如，都是4度。
台车车底两侧的栏板内侧面各是一段圆锥面。
台车车底两侧的栏板内侧面所在的圆锥面的轴线，以及台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面下方的另一段圆锥面或扇面的轴线，是同一条直线。
台车车底两侧的栏板内侧面与在台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面下方的另一段圆锥面或扇面的夹角不小于90度。
优选台车车底首端端面与台车车底两侧的栏板首端端面在一个平面上。
优选台车车底尾端端面与台车车底两侧的栏板尾部端端面在一个平面上。
台车组成移动床：
多个首端和尾端依次相接的台车组成的移动床。
组成同一个移动床的台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面。组成同一个移动床的台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面，在另一段圆锥面上方，或在一段扇面上方，二者择其一。即：在同一个移动床上，不允许既有台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面下方的面是另一段圆锥的台车，又有台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段扇面台车。
组成同一个移动床的各台车相应部位几何参数一致，例如，各台车车 底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面几何参数一致，各台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面下方的另一段圆锥面或扇面的几何参数一致，各台车车底两侧的栏板中同侧的栏板几何参数一致。
台车自移动床加料端加料位置向移动床卸料端卸料位置匀速移动。
台车移动到移动床卸料端发生翻转。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，在台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面下方的另一段圆锥面或扇面，在与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面下方的另一段圆锥一致的圆锥面上移动，或在与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面下方的扇面一致的扇面上移动。即：自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，在台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面下方的另一段圆锥面或扇面，组成一段圆锥面，或组成一段扇面。
在移动床卸料端，当台车翻转到卸料位置时，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面，在与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面一致的圆锥面上移动。
在移动床卸料端，自台车开始发生翻转至台车完成180底翻转，优选不少于8个台车同时在发生翻转。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，优选台车的个数不少于在移动床卸料端发生翻转的台车的个数的三倍。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，台车车底两侧的栏板中同侧的栏板内侧面组成一段圆锥面。
移动床和台车型式3：
台车：
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆柱面。
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆柱面，在一段矩形平面的上方。
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆柱面的首端和尾端，在台车车底首端端面和尾端端面上，或者与台车车底首端端面和尾端端面接近。
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆柱面下方的矩形平面的首端和尾 端，在台车车底首端端面和尾端端面上。
台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆柱面首端和尾端的夹角的角度，与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆柱面下方的矩形平面首端和尾端的夹角的角度一致。都是0度。
台车车底两侧的栏板内侧面各是一段矩形平面。
台车车底两侧的栏板内侧面与在台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆柱面下方的矩形平面的夹角不小于90度。
优选台车车底首端端面与台车车底两侧的栏板首端端面在一个平面上。
优选台车车底尾端端面与台车车底两侧的栏板尾部端端面在一个平面上。
台车组成移动床：
多个首端和尾端依次相接的台车组成的移动床。
组成同一个移动床的台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆柱面，组成同一个移动床的台车其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段矩形平面。
组成同一个移动床的各台车相应部位几何参数一致，例如，各台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆柱面几何参数一致，各台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆柱面下方的矩形平面的几何参数一致，各台车车底两侧的栏板中同侧的栏板几何参数一致。
台车自移动床加料端加料位置向移动床卸料端卸料位置匀速移动。
台车移动到移动床卸料端发生翻转。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，在台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆柱面下方的矩形平面，在与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆柱面下方的矩形平面一致的矩形平面上移动。即：自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，在台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆柱面下方的矩形平面，组成一段矩形平面。
在移动床卸料端，当台车翻转到卸料位置时，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面，在与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆柱面一致的 圆柱面上移动。
在移动床卸料端，自台车开始发生翻转至台车完成180底翻转，优选不少于8个台车同时在发生翻转。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，优选台车的个数不少于在移动床卸料端发生翻转的台车的个数的三倍。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，台车车底两侧的栏板中同侧的栏板内侧面组成一段矩形平面。
前述移动床和台车型式，推荐在前一个台车车底尾端端面与相邻的后一个台车车底首端端面相接部位两侧各设置一个开口向上的槽，另有一个开口向下的槽将前一个台车车底尾端端面与相邻的后一个台车车底首端端面相接部位罩住，并遮挡前一个台车车底直接接触料层部位尾端与相邻的后一个台车车底直接接触料层部位首端之间因设置开口向上的槽而形成的缺口。该开口向下的槽与台车车底和台车车底两侧的栏板不作固定连接，用该槽开口部位外侧向两边延伸的部分与固定在开口向上的槽上的挡板配合，限制开口向上的槽的活动范围。台车在移动床卸料端发生翻转的过程中，开口向下的槽还可以起联结相邻的台车车底的作用。参见附图5-1和5-2。
前述移动床和台车型式，推荐在前一个台车车底两侧的栏板尾部外侧与相邻的后一个台车车底两侧的栏板首部外侧之间设置副栏板(有柔韧性)，该副栏板一端固定在前一个台车车底两侧的栏板尾部外侧，其余部分在固定于后一个台车车底两侧的栏板首部外侧的缝隙内移动。当台车运行到移动床卸料端发生翻转的位置时，该副栏板挡住前一个台车同侧栏板尾端与相邻的后一个台车同侧栏板首端之间出现的V型缺口。
在采用台车车底不透气的台车组成移动床的条件下，前一个台车车底尾端端面的密封件与相邻的后一个台车车底首端端面的密封件相结合，实现前一个台车车底与相邻的后一个台车车底之间的密封；前一个台车车底两侧的栏板尾端端面的密封件与相邻的后一个台车车底两侧的栏板首端端面的密封件相结合，实现前一个台车车底两侧的栏板与相邻的后一个台车车底两侧的栏板之间的密封。台车车底两侧的栏板上端端面可以与炉罩两 侧下端面结合，实现台车与炉罩两侧下端面之间的密封。
在采用台车车底具有透气功能的台车组成移动床的条件下，前一个台车车底两侧的栏板尾端端面的密封件与相邻的后一个台车两侧的栏板尾端端面的密封件相结合，实现前一个台车车底两侧的栏板与相邻的后一个台车车底两侧的栏板之间的密封。台车车底两侧的栏板上端端面可以与炉罩两侧下端面结合，实现台车与炉罩两侧下端面之间的密封。台车车底两侧的密封面与台车车底下面的风箱两侧上端面结合，实现台车与台车下面的风箱两侧之间的密封。
移动床组成移动床系统：
实施方式1：组成移动床系统的移动床的个数为一个
本移动床承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的的位置，在本移动床卸料端的下面。
采用移动床和台车型式1的移动床。
实施方式2：组成移动床系统的移动床的个数为二个
任意一个所述移动床承接自所述移动床上卸出的较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，在另一个所述移动床卸料端的下面。
在组成任意一个所述移动床的所述台车相应部位几何形状与组成另一个所述移动床的所述台车相应部位几何形状一致的条件下：
实施方式2-1：采用移动床和台车型式1的移动床。
实施方式2-2：采用移动床和台车型式2的移动床。
实施方式2-3：采用移动床和台车型式3的移动床。
在组成一个所述移动床的所述台车相应部位几何形状与组成另一个所述移动床的所述台车相应部位几何形状不一致的条件下：
实施方式2-4：一个移动床采用移动床和台车型式1的移动床，另一个移动床采用移动床和台车型式2的移动床。
实施方式2-5：采用移动床和台车型式2的移动床，其中，组成一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段圆锥面，组成另一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段扇面。
组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一 段圆锥面。
实施方式3：组成移动床系统的移动床个数为三个
任意一个所述移动床承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，在与之相邻的另一个移动床卸料端的下面。
在组成任意一个所述移动床的所述台车相应部位几何形状与组成相邻的另一个所述移动床的所述台车相应部位几何形状一致条件下：
实施方式3-1：采用移动床和台车型式1的移动床。
实施方式3-2：采用移动床和台车型式2的移动床。
在组成任意一个所述移动床的所述台车相应部位几何形状与组成相邻的另一个所述移动床的所述台车相应部位几何形状不一致条件下：
实施方式3-3：采用移动床和台车型式2的移动床。其中，组成一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段圆锥面；组成其它两个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段扇面。
组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面。
实施方式3-4：采用移动床和台车型式2的移动床。其中，组成一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段扇面；组成其它两个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面是一段圆锥面。
组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面。
实施方式4：组成移动床系统的移动床个数为四个。
任意一个所述移动床承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，在与之相邻的另一个所述移动床卸料端的下面。
实施方式4-1：采用移动床和台车型式1的移动床。
实施方式4-2：采用移动床和台车型式2的移动床。
实施方式1，实施方式2，实施方式3，实施方式4，自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面与水平面的倾角，须小于台车承载的形成料 层的物料之间发生相对运动的倾角。包括台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面在料层移动方向与水平方向的倾角小于台车车底承载的形成料层的物料之间发生相对运动的倾角，以及形成台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面的直母线与水平面的倾角小于台车车底承载的形成料层的物料之间发生相对运动的倾角。倾角的确定，需要建立对具体工艺所采用的形成料层的具体物料之间发生相对运动的倾角进行实际测定的基础之上。例如，所述倾角为5度或是为4度，都必须建立在模拟实测的基础之上。
在移动床卸料端，自台车在移动床卸料端开始发生翻转的位置至卸料位置，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面与水平面的倾角，小于台车承载的形成料层的物料之间发生相对运动的倾角。包括台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面在料层移动方向与水平面的倾角小于台车车底承载的形成料层的物料之间发生相对运动的倾角，以及形成台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面的直母线与水平面的倾角小于台车车底承载的形成料层的物料之间发生相对运动的倾角。倾角的确定，需要建立对具体工艺所采用的形成料层的具体物料之间发生相对运动的倾角进行模拟实测的基础之上。例如，所述倾角为5度或是为4度，都必须建立在实际测定的基础之上。
确定所述倾角时，还需要注意的因素是，在移动床加料端加料位置，有阻挡形成料层的物料在台车上发生相对运动的挡料装置；在移动床卸料端卸料位置，所述未达到工艺要求的较下部料层接受卸出的较下部料层的支撑，而不是卸出后即可以自由滑落的。此处请参见一种加热料层的方法实施方式部位之如何将所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层卸出和移动到覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层相关内容。
实施方式2，实施方式3，实施方式4，由于组成移动床系统的移动床个数不少于二个：
不同的所述移动床上的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面两侧边缘之间的距离一致。
台车在各移动床上移动速率一致。
优选各移动床上的台车从承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置移动到移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置的时间一致。
优选各移动床上的台车从承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置移动到移 动床卸料端台车即将发生的位置移动路径的长度一致。
优选各移动床上的台车从加料端加料位置移动到移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置的时间一致。
优选各移动床上的台车从加料端加料位置移动到移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置移动路径的长度一致。
一种加热料层的方法的实施方式如下：
推荐一种生产线启动过程实施方式，适用于采用本申请提供的一种移动床系统条件下的生产线启动过程。即：适用于实施第1类技术方案的生产线启动过程，或适用于第2类技术方案的生产线启动过程，或适用于第3类技术方案的生产线启动过程。要点如下：
启动生产线时，在移动床加入新料层的位置加入新料层，加入新料层的厚度与覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的厚度一致。
使将所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层移动到相应的承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的移动床承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层位置的溜槽或溜管出料端处于关闭状态，阻止通过溜槽或溜管移动来的物料覆盖新加入的料层。
当溜槽或溜管内的料层向上延伸至与相应的卸出较下部料层的移动床卸出的较下部料层相接时，开启溜槽或溜管出料端，开始用通过溜槽或溜管移动来的料层覆盖新料层。
被较下部料层覆盖的新料层的厚度，调整为完成生产线启动过程之后预定的新料层的厚度。
当覆盖新料层的较下部料层运行到移动床卸料端时，启动加热系统。
将运行到移动床卸料端卸料位置时的较上部料层和较下部料层分别卸出。
卸出较上部料层与卸出较下部料层的分界线，自料层底部算起，在完成生产线启动过程之后卸出所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层与卸出所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的分界线位置。
将卸出的较下部料层移动到相应的承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的移动床承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的位置 覆盖新料层。
生产线启动过程结束前，卸出较上部料层的厚度不要求一致，卸出较下部料层的厚度一致，并且卸出较下部料层的厚度与完成生产线启动过程之后卸出所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的厚度一致。
当与所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层厚度一致的较上部料层被加热至达到工艺要求时，较上部料层成为所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，较下部料层成为所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，生产线启动过程结束，转入正常生产过程。
在加热方式为助燃空气从料层顶部进入料层燃烧形成料层的球团料中的碳质燃料，燃烧尾气从料层底部离开料层并穿过移动床承载料层部位进入移动床承载料层部位下面的风箱的条件下，启动生产线时，若球团料的干燥爆裂温度低于引燃上表面料层的火焰温度，应至少将较上部料层干燥至不会因用外部火焰引燃料层而导致球团发生爆裂之后再用外部火焰引燃上表面料层。在覆盖新料层的较下部料层能够自行延续料层燃烧过程之前，需要继续用外部火焰引燃覆盖新料层的较下部料层中的上表面料层，直至可以利用覆盖新料层的较下部料层来自行延续料层燃烧过程。
在加热方式为载热气体从料层顶部进入料层，加热尾气从料层底部离开料层的条件下，启动生产线时，若形成新料层的球团料的干燥爆裂温度低于进入料层的载热气体温度，应将料层中的至少较上部料层干燥至不会发生爆裂后用于生产线启动过程。
推荐一种生产线启动过程实施方式，适用于不采用本申请提供的一种移动床系统条件下的生产线启动过程。即：适用于第4类技术方案的生产线启动要点如下：
启动生产线时，新料层的厚度对应于将加入的料层加热成所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层和所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层所需要的料层厚度。
移动床承载料层部位移动速率小于正常生产条件下的移动速率。
将加入的料层加热成所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层和所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层。
被所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖的新料层的厚度，调 整为完成生产线启动过程之后的新料层的厚度。
移动床承载料层部位移动速率调整为正常生产条件下的移动速率。
推荐用溜槽或溜管承接移动到移动床卸料端卸出较下部料层位置时卸出的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层并将其移动到相应的承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的移动床承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的位置覆盖新料层。
在具体工艺要求所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层在覆盖新料层时，在与被覆盖的新料层移动方向一致的方向，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较下部料层先于所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较上部料层覆盖新料层的条件下，或在具体工艺要求在与被覆盖的新料层移动方向相反的方向，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较上部料层先于所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较下部料层覆盖新料层的条件下，溜槽或溜管底部与水平面的倾角小于形成料层的物料之间发生相对运动的倾角。并且，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层在自移动床卸料位置卸出至移动到相应的承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的移动床承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的位置的过程中，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层上端与卸料位置相接，下端与被覆盖的新料层相接，料层不间断。
所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层时，在与新加入的料层移动方向一致的方向，溜槽或溜管内的较下部料层先于较上部料层到达覆盖新料层的位置，即可以实现所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较下部料层先于较上部料层覆盖新料层。
或，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层时，在与新料层移动方向相反的方向，溜槽或溜管内的较上部料层先于较下部料层到达覆盖新加入的料层位置，即可以实现所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较上部料层先于较下部料层覆盖新料层。
在采用本申请提供的一种移动床系统的条件下，还有以下实施方式要点适用于本申请部分或全部技术方案的实施：
料层自在移动床上形成料层的位置至移动到移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，形成料层的物料之间不发生相对运动。即：要求料层自在 移动床上形成料层的位置至移动到移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，料层与水平方向的倾角小于形成料层的物料之间发生相对运动的倾角。
料层自移动到移动床卸料端台车开始发生翻转的位置至移动到卸出料层的位置，形成料层的物料之间不发生相对运动。即：要求料层自移动到移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置至移动到卸出料层的位置，料层与水平方向的倾角小于形成料层的物料之间发生相对运动的倾角。
当台车移动到移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置时，台车上的较上部料层达到工艺要求，较上部料层加热过程结束，台车开始发生翻转。当台车翻转到卸料位置时，台车车底直接承载料层部位所在的面在与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面一致的斜螺旋面上移动，或台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面在与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面一致的圆锥面上移动，或台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆柱面在与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆柱面一致的圆柱面上移动，使台车上的所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层和所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层可以连续地分开卸出。
在移动床卸料端卸料位置，承接所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的溜槽或溜管上端底板在所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层与所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的分界线位置，尤如舌头在上嘴唇和下嘴唇之间。如此，即可以实现将所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层和所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层连续地分开卸出
根据具体工艺要求确定的组成移动床系统的移动床的个数，确定如何用所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层。
在组成移动床系统的移动床个数为一个的条件下，将移动到本移动床卸料端卸料位置时卸出的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层移动到本移动床承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，用在本移动床卸料端卸料位置卸出的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖本移动床的上新料层。
在组成移动床系统的移动床个数为二个的条件下，任意一个移动床上卸出的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层移动到另一个移动床承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新加入的料层的位置，用一 个移动床上卸出的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖另一个移动床上新加入的料层。
在组成移动床系统的移动床个数至少为三个的条件下，任意一个移动床上卸出的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层移动到与之相邻的另一个移动床承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，用任意一个移动床上卸出的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖相邻的另一个移动床上的新料层。
在组成移动床系统的移动床个数至少为四个的条件下，任意一个移动床上卸出的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层移动到与之相邻的另一个移动床承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，用任意一个移动床上卸出的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖相邻的另一个移动床上的新料层。
在采用本申请提供的一种移动床系统的条件下，并且，在组成移动床系统的移动床个数不少于二个的条件下：
料层在各移动床上运行速率一致。
优选各移动床上所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的厚度一致。
优选各移动床上所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的厚度一致。
优选各移动床上新料层的厚度一致。
优选各移动床上覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层从覆盖新料层的位置移动到移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置的时间一致。
优选各移动床上的新料层从加入新料层的位置运行移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置的时间一致。
优选各移动床上相应厚度的料层在移动床上加热一致的时间时，形成料层的物料表面被加热到一致的温度。
第1类实施方式：本类实施方式是前述第1类加热料层的方法的技术方案相应的实施方式。
本类实施方式适用于助燃空气从料层顶部进入料层，燃烧形成料层的球团料中的碳质燃料，燃烧尾气从料层底部离开料层穿过移动床承载料层 部位进入移动床承载料层部位下面的风箱的加热过程。例如，助燃空气从料层顶部进入料层，燃烧含铁矿物球团料中的碳质燃料，燃烧尾气从料层底部离开料层穿过移动床承载料层部位进入风箱的加热过程；助燃空气从料层顶部进入料层，燃烧水泥生料球团料中的碳质燃料，燃烧尾气从料层底部离开料层穿过移动床承载料层部位进入风箱的加热过程。在不同的具体工艺中，根据工艺要求，所述碳质燃料是煤粉，或焦粉。
以下实施方式，是完成生产线启动过程以后的实施方式。生产线启动过程的实施方式，参见前述。
以下实施方式的加热方式，是所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层以后的加热方式。在所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层以前的料层干燥过程，料层预热过程，不受所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层以后限定的加热方式的限制。
如果燃烧气体离开覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层进入新料层时温度不低于形成新料层的球团料的干燥爆裂温度，在所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层之前，应当设置干燥新料层的干燥段。
在料层进入点火段之前需要对料层进行干燥的工艺条件下，台车车底两侧的栏板上端面还需要与干燥段炉壁两侧下端面相结合，实现台车与干燥载热气体室两侧面的密封，台车车底下面两侧的密封面与台车车底下面的风箱两侧上端面相结合，实现台车与干燥段的风箱两侧面的密封。
台车仍然需要经过料层点火段。但是，用燃烧器喷射的火焰引燃上表面料层的过程只是在是在启动生产线时才是必要的。在获得所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层之后，即在完成生产线启动过程之后，用所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中开始燃烧过程而尚未完成燃烧过程的料层来延续料层燃烧过程，不必再用用点火器喷射的火焰引燃形成上表面料层的球团料中的碳质燃料。
采用本申请提供的一种移动床系统，组成所述移动床系统的移动床的个数为一个，或为二个，或为三个，或为四个。
多个首端和尾端依次相接的台车组成的移动床，组成移动床的台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面，是一段斜螺旋面，或一段圆锥面。即： 用台车车底上的篦条分布在一段斜螺旋面上的移动床承载料层，或用台车车底上的篦条分布在一段圆锥面上的移动床承载料层。
形成新料层的物料为内配碳质燃料的球团料。根据具体加热工艺，碳质燃料为煤粉，或焦粉。
台车移动到移动床加料端加料位置时，在台车上加入新料层。
台车自移动床加料端向卸料端匀速移动。
台车移动到承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置时，用所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层。
所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层后：
助燃空气从料层顶部进入料层，燃烧形成料层的球团料中的碳质燃料，燃烧尾气从料层底部离开料层，穿过分布于台车车底上的篦条之间的间隙进入台车下面的风箱。
球团料燃烧层自上而下移动。
较上部料层先于较下部料层完成燃烧过程，较上部料层先于较下部料层加热至达到工艺要求。
助燃空气经过完成燃烧过程的料层时被完成燃烧过程的料层加热，完成燃烧过程的料层中的余热被经过完成燃烧过程的料层的助燃空气带给完成燃烧过程的料层下面的料层。
当台车移动到移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置时，助燃空气自料层顶部进入料层，燃烧尾气穿过料层底部进入台车下面的风箱的料层燃烧过程结束，台车上的较上部料层加热至达到工艺要求，台车开始发生翻转。
当台车翻转到卸料位置时，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面在与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面一致的面上移动，台车上的所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层与所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层连续地分开卸出。优选形成料层的物料之间即将发生相对运动而尚未发生相对运动的位置为将所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层与所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层分开卸出的位置。卸料方式参见前述通用的实施方式要点。
所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的厚度与加入的新料层加热至 达到工艺要求后的厚度一致。
将卸出的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层移动到相应的承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的移动床承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，用于覆盖新料层。
在新料层被所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖前不需要进行干燥的条件下，加入新料层后，随即用所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层。在新料层被所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖前需要进行干燥的条件下，新料层干燥到在被所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖后不会发生爆裂以后，方才用所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，组成移动床的台车中前一个台车两侧的栏板尾端端面与相邻的后一个台车台车两侧的栏板首端端面相结合，实现相邻的台车两侧的栏板之间的密封。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，台车车底两侧的栏板上端面可以与料层点火段炉罩两侧面下端面结合，实现台车与炉罩之间的密封。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，台车车底两侧的密封面与台车车底下面的风箱两侧上端面结合，实现台车车底与台车车底下面的风箱两侧面之间的密封。
实施方式1-1：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的完成燃烧过程的料层中的一部分料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的完成燃烧过程的料层中的另一部分料层和未完成燃烧过程的料层。
实施方式1-1-1：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的一部分料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的另一部分料层和新加入的料层。
实施方式1-1-1-1：所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层加热至达到工艺要求后的厚度是所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的厚度的整数倍，并且，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层加热至达到工艺要求后的厚度不小于所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的厚度的二倍。
实施方式1-1-1-2：所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层加热至达到工艺要求后的厚度大于所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的厚度，小于所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的厚度的二倍。
实施方式1-1-1-1，实施方式1-1-1-2的适用条件：移动到移动床卸料端时的完成燃烧过程的球团料之间不发生粘结，或粘结程度不达到所述加热到达到工艺要求的较上部料层不能是完成燃烧过程的料层中任意厚度料层的程度。
实施方式1-1-1-1，实施方式1-1-1-2，卸出所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层与所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的分界线，在完成燃烧过程的料层温度降低到预定温度的料层厚度位置。
实施方式1-1-1-2，还适用于移动到移动床卸料端时的完成燃烧过程的球团料之间的粘结程度达到所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层不能是完成燃烧过程的料层中的任意厚度料层的程度的条件下。在这种条件下，卸出所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层与所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的分界线，在完成燃烧过程的料层温度尚未降低到不能将所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层与所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层分开卸出的料层厚度位置，或在在完成燃烧过程的料层温度尚未降低却到不能将所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层与所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层分开卸出的料层厚度位置以下的位置。
实施方式1-1-2：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的新料层。
实施方式1-1-3：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层和新料层中的一部分料层；所述未加热至达到工艺 要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的新料层中的另一部分料层。
实施方式1-1-2，1-1-3，在移动到移动床卸料端时的完成燃烧过程的球团料之间不发生粘结，或粘结程度不达到所述加热到达到工艺要求的较上部料层不能是完成燃烧过程的料层中任意厚度料层的程度的条件下，卸出所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层与所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的分界线，在完成燃烧过程的料层温度降低到预定温度的料层厚度位置。
实施方式1-1-2，1-1-3，在移动到移动床卸料端时的完成燃烧过程的球团料之间的粘结程度达到所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层不能是完成燃烧过程的料层中的任意厚度料层的程度的条件下，卸出所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层与所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的分界线，在完成燃烧过程的料层温度尚未降低到不能将所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层与所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层分开卸出的料层厚度位置，或在完成燃烧过程的料层温度尚未降低到不能将所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层与所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层分开卸出的料层厚度位置以下的位置。
实施方式1-2：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的完成燃烧过程的料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的未完成燃烧过程的料层。
优选所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层和新料层中的一部分料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的新料层中的另一部分料层。
实施方式1-1，实施方式1-2，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，包括未开始燃烧过程的料层，或不包括未开始燃烧过程的料层。
实施方式1-1，实施方式1-2，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层时，在与被覆盖的新加入的料层运行方向一致的方向，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较下部料层先于所述未加热至达到工艺要求的下部料层中的较上部料层到达覆盖新料层的位置。
实施方式1-1，实施方式1-2，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层后，料层的厚度小于使料层的透气性不能适应工艺需要的厚度以内。
实施方式1-1，实施方式1-2，覆盖新料层的球团料发生破碎对料层透气性的影响，限定在使料层的透气性能够适应工艺需要的程度以内。否则，不适用于本申请。
实施方式1-1，实施方式1-2，在组成移动床系统的移动床个数为二个的条件下：
采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车组成的移动床。
或采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的台车组成的移动床。
或一个移动床采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车组成的移动床，另一个移动床采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的台车组成的移动床。
第2类实施方式
本类实施方式是本申请提供的加热料层的方法第2类技术方案相应的实施方式。
本类实施方式适用于载热气体从料层顶部进入料层，尾气从料层底部离开料层，穿过移动床承载料层部位进入移动床承载料层部位下面的风箱的加热过程。例如，焙烧铁矿石球团料的加热过程，焙烧矿石经破碎后的粒状料的加热过程，干燥粒状谷物的加热过程，等等。
根据具体工艺及工艺条件，在所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层之前，加热系统设置料层干燥段，或不设置料层干燥段。例如，在干燥粒状谷物的条件下，或在焙烧矿石经破碎后的粒状料的条件下，可以不设置料层干燥段。在焙烧含铁矿物球团料的条件下，或其它球团料在干燥过程中涉及干燥爆裂问题的条件下，如果载热气体离开覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层进入新料层时温度低于形成新料层的球团料的干燥爆裂温度，根据具体工艺要求设置或不设置料层干燥段。在具体工艺要求不设置干燥段的条件下，新料层在被所述未加热至达 到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖之后完成干燥过程。如果载热气体离开覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层进入新加入的料层时温度不低于形成新料层的球团料的干燥爆裂温度，在所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层之前，应当设置干燥新料层的干燥段。
根据具体工艺及工艺要求确定是否在所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层之前设置料层预热段。例如，干燥粒状谷物，可以不料层预热段。焙烧矿石经破碎后的粒状料，或焙烧球团料，根据具体工艺及工艺要求设置或不设置料层预热段。例如，在所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层加热至达到工艺要求后的厚度不小于所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的厚度的二倍的实施方式中，在不考虑其它工艺因素的条件下，不设置料层预热段，让新料层在覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层下面实现预热过程，从热能利用角度看相对来说更合理。
以下实施方式，是完成生产线启动过程以后的实施方式。生产线启动过程的实施方式，参见前述。
以下实施方式的加热方式，是所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层后的加热方式。在所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层以前的料层干燥过程，料层预热过程，不受所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层以后限定的加热方式的限制。
采用本申请提供的一种移动床系统，组成所述移动床系统的移动床的个数为一个，或为二个，或为三个，或为四个。
多个首端和尾端依次相接的台车组成的移动床，组成移动床的台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面，是一段斜螺旋面，或一段圆锥面，或一段圆柱面。即：用台车车底上的篦条分布在一段斜螺旋面上的台车组成的移动床承载料层，或用台车车底上的篦条分布在一段圆锥面上的台车组成的移动床承载料层，或用台车车底上的篦条分布在一段圆柱面上的台车组成的移动床承载料层(限于实施方式2-2中的部分条件下)。
本类实施方式台车车底直接接触料层部位不限于采用篦条，例如，干燥粒状谷物的时，台车车底直接接触料层部位可以采用筛网。
形成新料层的物料为球团料，或矿石经破碎后的粒状料，或谷物粒状 料等。
台车移动到移动床加料端加料位置时，在台车上加入新料层。
台车自移动床加料端加入新料层的位置向移动床卸料端匀速移动。
台车移动到承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置时，用所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层。
所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层后，载热气体自料层顶部进入料层，尾气从料层底部离开料层，穿过台车车底，进入台车下面的风箱。
较上部料层先于较下部料层加热至达到工艺要求。
当台车移动到移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置时，载热气体自料层顶部进入料层和尾气穿过料层底部进入台车下面的风箱的料层加热过程结束，台车开始发生翻转。
当台车翻转到卸料位置时，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面在与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面一致的面上移动，台车上承载的所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层与所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层连续地分开卸出。优选在形成料层的物料之间即将发生相对运动而尚未发生相对运动的位置为所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层与所述未加热至达到工艺要求较下部料层分开卸出的位置。卸料方式参见前述通用的实施方式要点。
所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的厚度与加入的新料层加热至达到工艺要求后的厚度一致。
将卸出的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层移动到相应的承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的移动床承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，用于覆盖新料层。
在新料层被所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖前不需要进行干燥的条件下，加入新料层后，随即用所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层。在新料层被所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖前需要进行干燥的条件下，新料层干燥到在被所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖后不会发生爆裂以后，方才用所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，组成移动床的台车中前一个台车车底两侧的栏板尾端端面与相邻的后一个台车车底两侧的栏板首端端面相结合，实现相邻的台车两侧的栏板之间的密封。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，台车车底两侧的栏板上端面与炉罩(或载热气体室)两侧面下端面结合，实现台车与炉罩(或载热气体室)之间的密封。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，台车车底两侧的密封面与台车车底下面的风箱两侧上端面结合，实现台车车底与台车车底下面的风箱两侧面之间的密封。
实施方式2-1：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的一部分料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的另一部分料层和新料层。
所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层加热至达到工艺要求后的厚度是所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的厚度的整数倍，并且，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层加热至达到工艺要求后的厚度不小于所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的厚度的二倍。
在组成移动床系统的移动床个数为二个的条件下：
采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车组成的移动床。
或采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的台车组成的移动床。
或一个移动床采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车组成的移动床，另一个移动床采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的台车组成的移动床。
所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层时，在与被覆盖的新料层移动方向一致的方向，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层 中的较下部料层先于所述未加热至达到工艺要求的下部料层中的较上部料层到达覆盖新料层的位置。
实施方式2-2：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的新料层。
所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层时，在与被覆盖的新料层运行方向一致的方向，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较下部料层先于所述未加热至达到工艺要求的下部料层中的较上部料层到达覆盖新料层的位置。
在所述移动床系统所述移动床的个数为二个的条件下：
采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车组成的移动床。
或，采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的台车组成的移动床。
或，一个移动床采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车组成的移动床，另一个移动床采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的台车组成的移动床。
所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新加入的料层时，在与被覆盖的新料层运行方向相反的方向，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较上部料层先于所述未加热至达到工艺要求的下部料层中的较下部料层到达覆盖新料层的位置。
组成移动床系统的移动床个数为二个，采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆柱面的台车组成的移动床。
或，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新加入的料层时，在与被覆盖的新料层移动方向相反的方向，在与被覆盖的新加入的料层运行方向一致的方向，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较上部料层和较下部料层不分先后秩序覆盖新料层。
实施方式2-1，实施方式2-2，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新加入的料层后，料层的厚度小于使料层的透气性不能适应工艺需 要的厚度。
实施方式2-1，实施方式2-2，在形成料层的物料为球团料的条件下，覆盖新加入的料层的球团料发生破碎对料层透气性的影响，限定在使料层的透气性能够适应工艺需要的程度的以内。否则，本申请不适用。
第3类实施方式：本类实施方式是第3类技术方案相应的实施方式。
本类实施方式适用于焙烧含铁质矿物粉状料内配碳质还原剂制成的球团料，或焙烧含铁矿物粉状料与碳质原料的混合料，或加热其它粉状料，或干熘块状物料，等。
以下实施方式，是完成生产线启动过程以后的实施方式。生产线启动过程的实施方式，参见前述。
本类实施方式的加热方式为：较上部料层吸收热量，热量经过较上部料层传递给较下部料层。
在采用间接加热方式的条件下，发热装置在料层的上方，发热装置加热较上部料层，较上部料层吸收热量，热量经过较上部料层传递给较下部料层。
在采用载热气体加热料层的条件下，载热气体加热较上部料层，较上部料层吸收热量，热量经过较上部料层传递给较下部料层。
在燃烧或部分燃烧料层中溢出的可燃性气体为加热料层提供或部分提供热源的条件下，料层中溢出的可燃性气体在料层上方燃烧，较上部料层吸收热量，热量经过较上部料层传递给较下部料层。
采用本申请提供的一种移动床系统，组成所述移动床系统的移动床的个数为一个，或为二个，或为三个，或为四个。
多个首端和尾端依次相接的台车组成的移动床，组成移动床的台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面，是一段斜螺旋面，或一段圆锥面。即：用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车组成的移动床承载料层，或用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的台车组成的移动床承载料层，或用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆柱面的移动床承载料层(限于实施方式3-2，同时遵从相关工艺要求)。
组成移动床的台车车底不透气，前一个台车车底尾端与相邻的后一个台车车底首端之间不透气。
形成新料层的物料为内配碳质还原剂(煤粉，或焦粉)的球团料，或混合有碳质原料的含铁矿物粉状料，块状料，或其它粉状料。
台车移动到移动床加料端加入新料层的位置时，在台车上加入新料层。
台车自移动床加料端加料位置向卸料端匀速移动。
台车移动到承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置时，用所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层。
台车上的较上部料层先于较下部料层加热至达到工艺要求。
当台车移动到移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置时，较上部料层吸收热量，热量经过较上部料层传递给较下部料层的加热过程结束，所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层加热至达到工艺要求，台车开始发生翻转。
当台车翻转到卸料位置时，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面在与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面一致的面上移动，台车上的所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层与所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层连续地分开卸出。优选在形成料层的物料之间即将发生相对运动而尚未发生相对运动的位置为将所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层与所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层分开卸出的位置。卸料方式参见前述通用的实施方式要点。
所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的厚度与新料层加热至达到工艺要求后的厚度一致。
将卸出的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层移动到相应的承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的移动床承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，用于覆盖新料层。
加入新料层后，随即用所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，组成移动床的台车中前一个台车两侧的栏板尾端端面与相邻的后一个台车台车两侧的栏板首端端面相结合，实现相邻的台车两侧的栏板之间的密封。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生 翻转的位置，台车车底两侧的栏板上端面与炉罩两侧面下端面结合，实现台车与炉罩之间的密封。
自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，组成移动床的台车中前一个台车车底尾端端面与相邻的后一个台车车底首端端面相结合，实现相邻的台车车底之间的密封。
实施方式3-1：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的一部分料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的另一部分料层和新料层。
所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层加热至达到工艺要求后的厚度是所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的厚度的整数倍。并且，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层加热至达到工艺要求后的厚度不小于所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的厚度的二倍。优选所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层加热至达到工艺要求后的厚度为所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的厚度的三倍。
所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层时，在与被覆盖的新料层移动方向方向一致的方向，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较下部料层先于所述未加热至达到工艺要求的下部料层中的较上部料层到达覆盖新加入的料层的位置。
在组成移动床系统的移动床个数为二个的条件下：
采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车组成的移动床。
或，采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的台车组成的移动床。
或，一个移动床采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车组成的移动床，另一个移动床采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的台车组成的移动床。
实施方式3-2：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移 动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的新料层。
第4类实施方式：本类实施方式是第4类技术方案相应的实施方式。
本类实施方式适用于焙烧球团料，例如，焙烧含铁质矿物粉状料内配碳质还原剂制成的球团料，或焙烧含铁矿物粉状料与碳质原料的混合料，或加热其它粉状料，或干熘块状物料，等。
本类实施方式加热方式与第3类实施方式一致，即：较上部料层吸收加热料层的热量，经过较上部料层传递给较下部料层。
形成料层的物料为球团料，或块状料，或粉状料，或粉状料与粒状料的混合料。
采用承载料层部位承载料层时在一个平面上的移动床承载料层，例如，采用转底炉炉底承载料层，或采用多个首端和尾端依次相接的台车(台车车底两侧无栏板)组成的移动床承载料层，或用其它直型移动床承载料层。
移动床承载料层部位不透气。
在采用转底炉的条件下，转底炉炉底内外侧边缘与炉罩内外侧下端面结合，实现炉底与炉罩之间的密封。
在采用多个首端和尾端依次相接的台车组成的移动床承载料层的条件下，台车车底两侧边缘与炉罩两侧下端面结合，实现炉罩与台车车底之间的密封。自台车在加入新料层的位置至台车在卸出未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的位置，前一个台车车底尾部端面与相邻的后一个台车车底首部端面相结合，实现相邻的台车车底之间的密封。
在采用其它直型移动床承载料层的条件下，例如采用带式输送机承载料层的条件下，炉底两侧与炉罩两侧下端面相结合，实现炉底与炉罩两侧面之间的密封。
移动床承载料层部位移动到加入新料层的位置时加入新料层。
移动床承载料层部位自加料位置向卸料位置匀速移动。优选移动床承载料层部位承载料层时在水平面上移动。
加入新料层后，随即用所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层。
将移动到卸出加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层位置的较上部料层加热至达到工艺要求。
将移动到卸出加热至达到工艺要求的料层的位置的加热至达到工艺要求的料层卸出。
将移动到卸出未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层位置的未加热至达到工艺要求的料层卸出。
将卸出的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层移动到承接所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，用于覆盖新料层。
所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的厚度与新料层加热至达到工艺要求后的厚度一致。
实施方式4-1：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到卸出加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的位置的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层和新料层中的一部分料层，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到卸出所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层位置的新料层中的另一部分料层。
优选在卸出所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层前，卸出不少于二层加热至达到工艺要求的料层。即：第一层加热至达到工艺要求的料层运行到移动床卸出第一层加热至达到工艺要求的料层位置时，卸出第一层加热至达到工艺要求的料层，第二层加热至达到工艺要求的料层运行到卸出第二层加热至达到工艺要求的料层的位置时，卸出第二层加热至达到工艺要求的料层。以此类推。
实施方式4-2：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到卸出加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层位置的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：运行到移动床卸出未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层位置的新料层。
前述第1类实施方式，组成移动床的台车车底两侧有栏板。
前述第2、第3类实施方式，在所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层是移动到移动床卸料端时加热至达到工艺要求的在覆盖新料层的位置覆 盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层的条件下，承载料层的台车车底两侧可以有栏板，也可能没有栏板。在台车车底两侧没有栏板的条件下，台车车底两侧边缘与炉罩两侧下端面组成结合，实现台车车底与炉罩之间的密封。在这种条件下，炉罩两侧下端面固定不动，台车车底密封部位与炉罩的密封部位之间发生相对运动。
前述第2类、第3类实施方式，在所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层是移动到移动床卸料端卸料位置时的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的一部分料层的条件下，优选承载料层的台车车底两侧有栏板。
以上对本申请所提供的一种加热料层的方法和一种移动床系统进行了详细介绍。鉴于本申请所要解决的技术问题是将靠近移动床承载料层部位的料层加热至达到与其较上部料层相同的温度而不增大靠近移动床承载料层部位的料层以下部位的热强度，以及使移动到每一个移动床卸料端的较下部料层都可以借助重力卸出并移动到相应的承接较下部料层的移动床承接较下部料层覆盖新加入的料层的位置覆盖新加入的料层，以及在移动床卸料端卸料位置，台车车底上表面在与台车车底上表面所在的面一致的面上移动，使达到工艺要求的较上部料层和未达到工艺要求的较下部料层可以连续地分开卸出，所以，实施方式部分的内容，按加热方式进行分类介绍，目的在于帮助本领域技术人员理解在不同的加热方式下如何定义所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层和所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，以及如何用所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新加入的料层等。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请原理的前提下，还可以对本申请进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本申请权利要求的保护范围内。
这里需要说明的是，附图1中，1-1和1-2分别为移动床的加料端和卸料端，3为移动床承载料层部位承载料层时的移动方向；加料端1-1在卸料端1-2的下面。自移动床加料端加料位置至在移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，移动床承载料层部位承载料层时，从加料端1-1向卸料端1-2移动。
附图2-1和附图2-2中，1-1和1-2分别为一个移动床的加料端和卸料 端，2-1和2-2分别为另一个移动床的加料端和卸料端，3为移动床承载料层部位在承载料层时的移动方向，加料端1-1在卸料端2-2的下面，加料端2-1在卸料端1-2的下面。移动床承载料层部位承载料层时，从加料端1-1向卸料端1-2移动，从加料端2-1向卸料端2-2移动。
附图3中，1-1和1-2分别为一个移动床的加料端和卸料端，2-1和2-2分别为另一个移动床的加料端和卸料端，3为移动床承载料层部位在承载料层时的运行方向；加料端1-1在卸料端2-2的下面，加料端2-1在卸料端1-2的下面。移动床承载料层部位承载料层时，从1-1向1-2移动，从2-1向2-2移动。
附图4中，1-1、2-1、3-1和1-2、2-2、3-2分别是移动床的加料端和卸料端，3是移动床承载料层部位在承载料层时的移动方向；加料端1-1、2-1、3-1分别在卸料端3-2、1-2、2-2的下面；移动床承载料层部位承载料层时，从1-1向1-2移动，从2-1向2-2移动，从3-1向3-2移动。
需要说明的是，由于移动床承接较下部料层覆盖新加入的料层的位置需要结合具体工艺及工艺要求方能确定，所以，附图未标示承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置。由于承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置需要根据具体工艺及具体工艺条件方能确定，所以，上述附图未反映移动床卸料端与承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置的位置关系。在具体实施时，根据具体工艺及工艺要求，在沿移动床承载料层部位承载料层时移动方向一致的方向，承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置在移动床加料端加入新料层的位置之后的具体工艺要求所指定位置。
附图5-1是在台车没有发生翻转的情况下，一个开口向下的槽罩住前一个台车车底尾端开口向上的槽与后一个台车车底首端开口向上的槽的示意图。
附图5-2是台车运行到移动床卸料端发生翻转的情况下，开口向下的槽罩住前一个台车车底尾端开口向上的槽与后一个台车车底首端开口向上的槽的示意图。
附图5-1和附图5-2中，1是开口向下的槽的底部，2是开口向下的槽开口部位外侧向两边延伸的部分，3和4分别是前一个台车车底尾端和后一个台车开口部位竖直方向的开口面，5和6是前一个台车车底尾端和后一个 台车车底首端端头部位，7和8分别是固定在前一个台车车底尾部和后一个台车车底首端的限制开口向下的槽活动范围的挡板，9是台车车底下表面所在的面，或台车车底与台车车底下面的风箱两侧上端面相结合的面所在的面，10是台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面，11是虚拟的在台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面。自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端尚未开始发生翻转的位置，前一个台车车底尾端端面与相邻的后一个台车首端端面相接，即：5和6相接，在形成料层的物料为粉状料的情况下，开口向下的槽起料封作用。自台车在移动床卸料端发生翻转开始，前一个台车车底尾端端面与相邻的后一个台车车底首端端面形成V型缺口，开口向下的槽罩住V型缺口，防止V型缺口处漏料。固定在开口向上的槽侧面上的挡板7和8与开口向下的槽开口部位向外延伸的部分配合，防止台车翻转的过程中开口向下的槽掉落。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
以上对本申请所提供的加热料层的方法和移动床系统进行了详细介绍。本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请原理的前提下，还可以对本申请进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本申请权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (58)

  1. 一种移动床系统，包括：(1)多个首端和尾端依次相接的台车组成的移动床，(2)台车自移动床加料端加料位置向卸料端卸料位置匀速移动，(3)台车移动到移动床卸料端发生翻转，(4)组成同一个移动床的台车相应部位几何形状一致，(5)组成同一个移动床的台车相应部位几何参数一致，(6)自台车在移动床加料端加料位置至台车在移动床卸料端即将发生翻转的位置，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面与水平面的倾角小于台车承载的形成料层的物料之间发生相对运动的倾角，其特征在于，还包括：(1)在移动床卸料端，当台车翻转到卸料位置时，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面，在与台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面一致的面上移动，(2)任意一个移动床承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，在移动床卸料端的下面，(3)自台车在移动床卸料端台车开始发生翻转的位置至台车在移动床卸料端卸料位置，台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面与水平面的倾角小于台车承载的形成料层的物料之间发生相对运动的倾角。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：所述移动床的个数为一个。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：所述移动床承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，在所述移动床卸料端的下面。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：所述移动床的个数为二个。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：任意一个所述移动床承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，在另一个所述移动床卸料端的下面。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：所述移动床的个数为三个。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：所述移动床的个数为四个。
  8. 如权利要求6，或7所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：任意一个所述移动床承接较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，在与之相邻的另一个所述移动床卸料端的下面。
  9. 如权利要求2，或4，或6，或7所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面，在另一段正螺旋面的上方。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面，在另一段斜螺旋面的上方。
  12. 如权利要求4，或6，或7所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面，在另一段圆锥面的上方。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面，在一段扇面的上方。
  15. 如权利要求4所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆柱面。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆柱面，在一段矩形平面的上方。
  17. 如权利要求4所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面；组成另一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的斜螺旋面，在另一段斜螺旋面的上方，或在一段正螺旋面的上方，二者择其一；组成另一个 所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面，在另一段圆锥面的上方，或在一段扇面的上方，二者择其一。
  19. 如权利要求4所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面；组成另一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面，在另一段圆锥面的上方；组成另一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面，在一段扇面的上方。
  21. 如权利要求6所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面；组成其它两个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面，在另一段圆锥面的上方；组成其它两个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面，在一段扇面的上方。
  23. 如权利要求21所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成一个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面，在一段扇面的上方；组成其它两个所述移动床的所述台车，其车底直接接触料层部位所在的圆锥面，在另一段圆锥面的上方。
  24. 如权利要求2，或4，或6，或7所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成所述移动床的所述台车，所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端和尾端，包括在所述台车车底首端端面和尾端端面上。
  25. 如权利要求2，或4，或6，或7所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成所述移动床的所述台车，所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面首端和尾端，在所述台车车底首端端面和尾端端面上。
  26. 如权利要求2，或4，或6，或7所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成所述移动床的所述台车，所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的 面首端和尾端的夹角的角度，与所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面首端和尾端的夹角的角度一致。
  27. 如权利要求10，或11，或13，或14，或18，或20，或22，或23所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：组成所述移动床的所述台车，所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面的轴线，与所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面的轴线垂直，并且相交。
  28. 如权利要求10，或11，或13，或14，或18，或20，或22，或23所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：根据形成所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面的直母线绕其轴线沿着所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面，自所述移动床加料端加料位置的所述台车其车底尾端旋转至所述移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置的所述台车车底首端旋转的角度，以及自所述移动床加料端加料位置的所述台车尾端至所述移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置的所述台车首端之间的所述台车的个数，确定组成所述移动床的所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面首端和尾端的夹角的角度。
  29. 如权利要求2，或4，或6，或7所述的一种移动床系统，其特征在于：自所述台车在所述移动床加料端加料位置至所述台车在所述移动床卸料端台车即将发生翻转的位置，在所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面，在与所述台车所述其车底直接接触料层部位所在的面下方的面一致的面上移动。
  30. 一种加热料层的方法，包括(1)用支撑料层随着承载料层部位移动的移动床承载料层，(2)在移动床承载料层部位移动到加入新料层的位置时加入新料层，(3)移动床承载料层部位自加料位置向卸料位置匀速移动，(4)较上部料层先于较下部料层加热至达到工艺要求，(5)将移动到卸出加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层位置的较上部料层加热至达到工艺要求，(6)将移动到卸出加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层位置的加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层卸出，(7)加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层的厚度与加入的新料层加热至达到工艺要求后的厚度一致，其特征在于，还包括：(1)将移动到卸出未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层位置的未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层卸出，(2)将卸出的未加热至达到工艺 要求的较下部料层移动到承接未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层的位置，用所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层。
  31. 如权利要求30所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到所述移动床卸料端的完成燃烧过程的料层中的一部分料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层；具体为：移动到所述移动床卸料端的完成燃烧过程的料层中的另一部分料层和未完成燃烧过程的料层。
  32. 如权利要求31所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到所述移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的一部分料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到所述移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的另一部分料层和新料层。
  33. 如权利要求31所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到所述移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到所述移动床卸料端的新料层。
  34. 如权利要求31所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到所述移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层和新料层中的一部分料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到所述移动床卸料端的新料层中的另一部分料层。
  35. 如权利要求30所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到所述移动床卸料端的完成燃烧过程的料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到所述移动床卸料端的未完成燃烧过程的料层。
  36. 如权利要求31，或35所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：形成料层的物料为内配碳质燃料的球团料。
  37. 如权利要求31，或35所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：所 述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层后，助燃空气从料层顶部进入料层，燃烧形成料层的球团料中的碳质燃料，燃烧尾气从新料层底部离开料层，进入移动床下面的尾气箱。
  38. 如权利要求31，或35所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：球团料燃烧层自上而下移动。
  39. 如权利要求31，或35所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：助燃空气经过完成燃烧过程的料层时被完成燃烧过程的料层加热，完成燃烧过程的料层中的余热被助燃空气带给完成燃烧过程的料层下面的料层。
  40. 如权利要求30所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的一部分料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的另一部分料层和新料层。
  41. 如权利要求30所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的新料层。
  42. 如权利要求40，或41所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：形成料层的物料包括球团料。
  43. 如权利要求40，或41所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层后，载热气体从料层顶部进入料层，尾气从新料层底部离开料层，进入移动床下面的尾气箱。
  44. 如权利要求30所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的一部分料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的另一部分料层和新料层。
  45. 如权利要求30所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到移动床卸料端的新料层。
  46. 如权利要求30所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到卸出加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层位置的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层和新料层中的一部分料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到卸出所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层位置的新料层中的另一部分料层。
  47. 如权利要求30所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：所述加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层，具体为：移动到卸出加热至达到工艺要求的较上部料层位置的在覆盖新料层的位置覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层；所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层，具体为：移动到卸出未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层位置的新料层。
  48. 如权利要求44，或45，或46，或47所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：形成料层的物料包括粉状料。
  49. 如权利要求44，或45，或46，或47所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：较上部料层吸收加热料层的热量，热量经过较上部料层传递给较下部料层。
  50. 如权利要求44，或45，或46，或47所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：用承载料层部位不透气的移动床承载料层。
  51. 如权利要求46，或47所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：用承载料层部位承载料层时在一个平面上的移动床承载料层。
  52. 如权利要求31，或35，或40，或41，或44，或45所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：采用本申请提供的一种移动床系统。
  53. 如权利要求31，或35，或40，或44所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：在组成所述移动床系统的移动床个数为二个的条件下，采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车组成的移动床。
  54. 如权利要求31，或35，或40，或44所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：在组成所述移动床系统的移动床个数为二个的条件下，采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的台车组成的移动床。
  55. 如权利要求31，或35，或40，或44所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：在组成所述移动床系统的移动床个数为二个的条件下，一个移动床采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段斜螺旋面的台车组成的移动床，另一个移动床采用台车车底直接接触料层部位所在的面是一段圆锥面的台车组成的移动床。
  56. 如权利要求31，或35，或40，或41所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：覆盖新料层的所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的球团料发生破碎对料层透气性的影响，限定在使料层的透气性能够适应工艺需要的程度以内。
  57. 如权利要求31或35，或40，或41所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层后，料层的厚度小于使料层的透气性不能适应工艺需要的厚度。
  58. 如权利要求31，或35，或40，或44所述的加热料层的方法，其特征在于：所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层覆盖新料层时，在与被覆盖的新料层移动方向一致的方向，所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较下部料层先于所述未加热至达到工艺要求的较下部料层中的较上部料层覆盖新料层。
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