WO2018014623A1 - 煤岩破裂过程中裂隙发育区的红外辐射监测定位方法 - Google Patents

煤岩破裂过程中裂隙发育区的红外辐射监测定位方法 Download PDF

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WO2018014623A1
WO2018014623A1 PCT/CN2017/082998 CN2017082998W WO2018014623A1 WO 2018014623 A1 WO2018014623 A1 WO 2018014623A1 CN 2017082998 W CN2017082998 W CN 2017082998W WO 2018014623 A1 WO2018014623 A1 WO 2018014623A1
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coal rock
thermal image
fracture
image sequence
infrared radiation
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French (fr)
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马立强
张东升
周焘
孙海
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中国矿业大学
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
    • G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019—Compressive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
    • G01N2203/0647—Image analysis

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  • the invention relates to the field of water retention mining and rock formation control, and particularly relates to an infrared radiation monitoring and positioning method for a fracture development zone in a coal rock rupture process.
  • the present invention overcomes the above disadvantages in time and space by using the variance and the difference infrared thermal image sequence diagram of the progressive infrared thermal image sequence diagram.
  • An infrared radiation monitoring and positioning method for a crack development zone in a coal rock rupture process comprising the following steps:
  • c Determining the time node of the abnormality of the infrared radiation information in the process of bearing the fracture of the coal rock: calculating the variance of the difference infrared thermal image sequence diagram obtained in the step (b), and finding the extreme value of the variance of the difference infrared thermal image sequence diagram And the corresponding occurrence time point, and determine whether the extreme value occurrence time of the variance of the infrared thermal image sequence diagram is the moment of bearing coal rock fracture;
  • the variance of the differential infrared thermal image sequence diagram carrying the coal rock fracture process in the step (c) is calculated according to the formula (I), and the formula (I) is: among them
  • the infrared radiation detecting system comprises a press, a plastic film, a bearing coal rock, an isolated closed box, an infrared camera and a data acquisition device.
  • the above press, the plastic film, the bearing coal rock and the infrared camera are all located inside the isolated closed box.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the above-mentioned bearing coal rock contacting the press are provided with a plastic film.
  • the above data acquisition device is respectively connected to a press and an infrared camera.
  • step (a) when the information of the infrared radiation in the process of breaking the coal rock is started, the press of the infrared radiation detecting system and the infrared thermal imager are simultaneously started.
  • the present invention adopts the variance of the differential infrared thermal image sequence diagram, which can reflect the bearing state and the radiation temperature field of the coal rock, and can be used as a judgment to determine whether the bearing coal rock is damaged and loses the bearing capacity.
  • the index has the following advantages: (a) The variance of the differential infrared thermal image sequence diagram can not only express the abnormal information of the differential infrared thermal image sequence diagram through specific data, but also the adjacent two frames of the difference infrared thermal image sequence diagram. The difference was doubled. (b) It is possible to accurately and quantitatively determine whether the coal rock is in a micro-rupture or failure state by the ratio (amplitude) of the variance of the difference infrared thermal image sequence diagrams of two adjacent frames. (c) The ability of this indicator to capture information on coal rock fracture instability is significantly better than the average infrared radiation temperature (AIRT) and maximum (small) values.
  • the present invention employs a progressive infrared thermal image sequence diagram to show the fracture development zone during the fracture process of the bearing coal rock.
  • the index has the following advantages: (a) the difference infrared thermal image sequence diagram eliminates the common part of the original two infrared frames of the adjacent two frames, and only retains the difference between the adjacent two frames of the original infrared thermal image sequence map, thereby improving the The saliency and accuracy of infrared radiation anomaly information during the process of bearing coal rock rupture are discriminated.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring and locating infrared radiation in a fissure development zone during a rock fracture process of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a coal rock infrared radiation monitoring system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a sequence diagram of an original infrared thermal image of a certain bearing coal rock in the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a sequence diagram of a differential infrared thermal image of a certain bearing coal rock in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a graph showing the variation of the variance of a certain coal rock load and the difference infrared thermal image sequence chart with time in the present invention
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention, and an infrared radiation monitoring and positioning method for a fracture development zone in a coal rock rupture process, comprising the following steps:
  • Infrared radiation detection system includes press 1, plastic film 2, bearing coal rock 3, isolated closed box 4, infrared thermal imager 5 and data acquisition instrument 6; press 1, plastic film 2, bearing coal rock 3 and infrared heat
  • the imager 5 is located inside the isolation and closure box 4, and the isolation and closure box 4 is mainly arranged to avoid the infrared radiation information of the coal rock 3 affected by the external environment, thereby improving the accuracy of the infrared radiation detection system;
  • Located on the press 1, the upper and lower surfaces of the bearing coal rock 3 in contact with the press 1 are provided with a plastic film 2; the data collecting instrument 6 is connected to the press 1 and the infrared camera 5, respectively.
  • the infrared radiation detection system is used to monitor and store the infrared radiation information of the outer surface of the coal rock during the rupture of the coal rock 3, and the original infrared thermal image sequence diagram of the bearing coal rock 3 rupture process is obtained, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the press 1 and the infrared thermal imager 5 of the infrared radiation detecting system are simultaneously started.
  • step (b) Determine the time node at which the infrared radiation information abnormality occurs during the rupture of the bearing coal rock 3.
  • step (b) Calculate the variance of the difference infrared thermal image sequence diagram obtained in step (b), find the extreme value of the variance of the differential infrared thermal image sequence diagram and the corresponding occurrence time point, and judge the variance of the difference infrared thermal image sequence diagram. Whether the extreme value occurs at the time when the coal rock breaks.
  • step (d) Determine the fracture development zone at the moment of bearing coal rock fracture. According to the extreme value of the variance of the infrared thermal image sequence diagram obtained in step (c) and the corresponding occurrence time point, the sequence of the infrared thermal image sequence of the moment is extracted, and finally the fracture development zone of the bearing coal rock 3 is determined. .
  • Figure 5 is a graph showing the variation of the variance of a load bearing coal rock and the infrared thermal image sequence diagram with time according to the present invention. It can be seen from the figure that the load and the differential infrared thermal image sequence during the fracture process of the bearing coal rock The variance of the graph changes at the same time. Therefore, the variance of the progressive infrared thermal image sequence diagram can express the abnormal information of the differential infrared thermal image sequence map through specific data. The ratio (amplitude) of the variance of the differential infrared thermal image sequence diagrams of two adjacent frames can accurately and quantitatively determine whether the coal rock is in a micro-rupture or failure state.
  • This indicator captures the ability of coal rock fracture instability information, significantly better than Average infrared radiation temperature (AIRT), maximum (small) value and other indicators.
  • AIRT Average infrared radiation temperature
  • maximum (small) value and other indicators.

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Abstract

一种煤岩破裂过程中裂隙发育区的红外辐射监测定位方法，涉及保水开采与岩层控制领域，适用于研究煤岩破裂过程中裂隙发育规律和发育位置的探测。此方法采用逐差红外热像序列图的方差指标确定承载煤岩破裂与破坏的时间节点，在此基础上，根据时间节点提取此刻的红外热像图定位承载煤岩破裂时刻的裂隙发育区，实现了对裂隙发育区的时空预测。研究结果可应用于由承载煤岩破裂引起的煤（岩）爆、矿井突水等人类工程灾害的监测监控，尤其对丰富矿山保水开采与岩层控制理论具有科学意义。

Description

煤岩破裂过程中裂隙发育区的红外辐射监测定位方法 技术领域
本发明涉及保水开采与岩层控制领域，具体涉及煤岩破裂过程中裂隙发育区的红外辐射监测定位方法。
背景技术
煤岩受力破裂失稳是引发煤(岩)爆、矿柱屈服坍塌、矿井突水以及矿震等矿井灾害的根本原因。研究表明，煤岩在承载受力、变形及破裂过程中，随着应力的变化包括红外波段在内的电磁辐射强度会发生变化，在破裂失稳时会出现热红外异常。正确认识煤岩破裂失稳过程中的红外辐射特征，找出煤岩破裂过程中的裂隙发育规律，进而准确有效地对煤岩的破裂过程进行监测与前兆预警，是实现保水开采的重要理论基础。目前国内外学者对煤岩破裂失稳过程红外辐射特征做出大量研究，但是均存在以下问题：(1)判别煤岩是否处于微破裂或者破坏状态时，均采用平均红外辐射温度(AIRT)、最大(小)值等指标，而这些指标在实际测试煤岩样承载破裂过程中，不易明显被观测发生变化，因此造成不能快速、有效捉煤岩破裂失稳的准确时刻；(2)仅采用原始红外热像序列图这一指标判断承载煤岩破裂过程中的裂隙发育区时，忽视了承载煤岩破裂过程中的累积热(热力耦合)效应，不能显著、准确判别承载煤岩破裂过程中红外辐射异常信息。因此，目前急需研究一种能快速、有效定位煤岩破裂过程中的裂隙发育区的方法。
发明内容
本发明为解决上述问题，利用逐差红外热像序列图的方差、逐差红外热像序列图，分别从时间和空间上克服上述缺点。
为了实现上述目的，本发明技术方案如下：
一种煤岩破裂过程中裂隙发育区的红外辐射监测定位方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
a、获取承载煤岩破裂过程中的原始红外辐射信息：利用红外辐射探测系统监测并存储承载煤岩破裂过程中煤岩外表面的红外辐射信息，得到承载煤岩破裂过程中原始红外热像序列图；
b、计算逐差红外热像序列图：对步骤(a)得到的煤岩原始红外热像序列图中的煤岩原始红外热像序列进行逐帧相减，得到承载煤岩破裂过程中逐差红外热像序列图；
c、确定承载煤岩破裂过程中的红外辐射信息异常发生的时间节点：对步骤(b)得到的逐差红外热像序列图计算方差，找出逐差红外热像序列图的方差的极值及相对应的发生时间点，并判断逐差红外热像序列图方差的极值发生时间点是否为承载煤岩破裂时刻；
d、确定承载煤岩破裂时刻裂隙发育区：根据步骤(c)中得到的逐差红外热像序列图的方差的极值及相对应的发生时间点，提取此刻的逐差红外热像序列图，最终确定承载煤岩破裂时刻裂隙发育区。
进一步地，步骤(c)中承载煤岩破裂过程的逐差红外热像序列图的方差根据公式 (I)计算得到，公式(I)为：
Figure PCTCN2017082998-appb-000001
其中
Figure PCTCN2017082998-appb-000002
为逐差红外热像序列图的方差；f(i，j，k)为原始红外热像序列图第k帧的二维温度矩阵；i(i＝1,2…,M)为温度矩阵的行号，M为温度矩阵的总行数；j(j＝1,2…,N)为温度矩阵的列号，N为温度矩阵的总列数；
Figure PCTCN2017082998-appb-000003
AIRT(k)为原始红外热像序列图第k帧的平均值。
进一步地，上述红外辐射探测系统包括压力机、塑料薄膜、承载煤岩、隔离封闭箱体、红外热像仪和数据采集仪。
进一步地，上述压力机、塑料薄膜、承载煤岩和红外热像仪均位于隔离封闭箱体的内部。
进一步地，上述承载煤岩位于压力机上。
进一步地，上述承载煤岩与压力机接触的上下表面设有塑料薄膜。
进一步地，上述数据采集仪分别与压力机和红外热像仪连接。
进一步地，在步骤(a)中开始监测承载煤岩破裂过程中红外辐射信息时，同时同步启动红外辐射探测系统的压力机和红外热像仪。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
(1)本发明采用了逐差红外热像序列图的方差这一新统计指标可以反应出煤岩的承载受力状态和辐射温度场状况，可作为判断承载煤岩是否发生破坏并失去承载能力的标准。该指标有以下优点：(a)逐差红外热像序列图的方差不仅可以将逐差红外热像序列图的异常信息通过具体数据表现出来，而且将相邻两帧逐差红外热像序列图的差异进行了二次放大。(b)通过相邻两帧的逐差红外热像序列图的方差之比(振幅)来可以准确地定量判别煤岩是否处于微破裂或者破坏状态。(c)该指标捕捉煤岩破裂失稳信息的能力，明显优于平均红外辐射温度(AIRT)、最大(小)值等指标。
(2)本发明采用了逐差红外热像序列图来显示承载煤岩破裂过程中的裂隙发育区。该指标有以下优点：(a)逐差红外热像序列图把相邻两帧原始红外序列图的共性部分消除，只保留相邻两帧原始红外热像序列图的差异部分，从而提高了其判别承载煤岩破裂过程中红外辐射异常信息的显著性和准确性。(b)消除了承载煤岩破裂过程中的累积热(热力耦合)效应，只保留了应力变化瞬间煤岩的红外辐射(瞬时)变化特征，可以更有效提取承载煤岩破裂时的红外辐射特征。(c)相较于原始红外热像序列图，该指标所显示的热像图异常区域更加显著和直观，与其他红外辐射正常区域的对比度更大，所以该指标可以及时发现承载煤岩破裂过程中的裂隙发育区。
附图说明
图1为本发明中煤岩破裂过程中裂隙发育区的红外辐射监测定位方法的流程图；
图2为本发明中煤岩红外辐射监测系统的结构示意图；
图3为本发明中某一承载煤岩的原始红外热像序列图；
图4为图3中的某一承载煤岩的逐差红外热像序列图；
图5为本发明中某一煤岩载荷和逐差红外热像序列图的方差随时间变化曲线图；
图中：1-压力机；2-塑料薄膜；3-承载煤岩；4-隔离封闭箱体；5-红外热像仪；6-红外辐射采集仪。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作更进一步的说明，以便本领域内的技术人员了解本发明。
如图1所示的是本发明的流程图，煤岩破裂过程中裂隙发育区的红外辐射监测定位方法，包括以下步骤：
a、获取承载煤岩破裂过程中的原始红外辐射信息。在实施本步骤前，需要提前准备红外辐射探测系统，如图2所示。红外辐射探测系统包括压力机1、塑料薄膜2、承载煤岩3、隔离封闭箱体4、红外热像仪5和数据采集仪6；压力机1、塑料薄膜2、承载煤岩3和红外热像仪5均位于隔离封闭箱体4的内部，隔离封闭箱体4的设置主要是为了避免外界环境影响承受煤岩3的红外辐射信息，从而提高红外辐射探测系统的准确性；承载煤岩3位于压力机1上，承载煤岩3与压力机1接触的上下表面设有塑料薄膜2；数据采集仪6分别与压力机1和红外热像仪5连接。利用红外辐射探测系统监测并存储承载煤岩3破裂过程中煤岩外表面的红外辐射信息，得到承载煤岩3破裂过程中原始红外热像序列图，如图3所示。开始监测承载煤岩3破裂过程中红外辐射信息时，同时同步启动红外辐射探测系统的压力机1和红外热像仪5。
b、计算逐差红外热像序列图。对步骤(a)得到的承载煤岩3原始红外热像序列图中的煤岩原始红外热像序列进行逐帧相减，得到承载煤岩3破裂过程中逐差红外热像序列图，如图4所示。
c、确定承载煤岩3破裂过程中的红外辐射信息异常发生的时间节点。对步骤(b)得到的逐差红外热像序列图计算方差，找出逐差红外热像序列图的方差的极值及相对应的发生时间点，并判断逐差红外热像序列图方差的极值发生时间点是否为承载煤岩破裂时刻。承载煤岩3破裂过程的逐差红外热像序列图的方差根据公式(I)计算得到；公式(I)为：
Figure PCTCN2017082998-appb-000004
其中
Figure PCTCN2017082998-appb-000005
为逐差红外热像序列图的方差；f(i，j，k)为原始红外热像序列图第k帧的二维温度矩阵；i(i＝1,2…,M)为温度矩阵的行号，M为温度矩阵的总行数；j(j＝1,2…,N)为温度矩阵的列号，N为温度矩阵的总列数；
Figure PCTCN2017082998-appb-000006
AIRT(k)为原始红外热像序列图第k帧的平均值。
d、确定承载煤岩破裂时刻裂隙发育区。根据步骤(c)中得到的逐差红外热像序列图的方差的极值及相对应的发生时间点，提取此刻的逐差红外热像序列图，最终确定承载煤岩3破裂时刻裂隙发育区。
图5为本发明中某一承载煤岩的载荷和逐差红外热像序列图的方差随时间变化曲线图，从图中可知，承载煤岩在破裂过程中，载荷与逐差红外热像序列图的方差同时发生变化，因此，逐差红外热像序列图的方差可以将逐差红外热像序列图的异常信息通过具体数据表现出来。通过相邻两帧的逐差红外热像序列图的方差之比(振幅)来可以准确地定量判别煤岩是否处于微破裂或者破坏状态。该指标捕捉煤岩破裂失稳信息的能力，明显优于 平均红外辐射温度(AIRT)、最大(小)值等指标。利用逐差红外热像序列图的方差这一指标提高了其判别承载煤岩破裂过程中红外辐射异常信息的显著性和准确性。
以上实施方式仅用以说明本发明而并非限制本发明所描述的技术方案；因此尽管本说明书参照上述的各个实施方式对本发明已进行了详细的说明，但是本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，仍然可以对本发明进行修改或者等同替换；而一切不脱离本发明的精神和范围的技术方案及其改进，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (8)

  1. 煤岩破裂过程中裂隙发育区的红外辐射监测定位方法，其特征在于，该方法包括以下步骤：
    a、获取承载煤岩破裂过程中的原始红外辐射信息：利用红外辐射探测系统监测并存储承载煤岩破裂过程中煤岩外表面的红外辐射信息，得到承载煤岩破裂过程中原始红外热像序列图；
    b、计算逐差红外热像序列图：对步骤(a)得到的煤岩原始红外热像序列图中的煤岩原始红外热像序列进行逐帧相减，得到承载煤岩破裂过程中逐差红外热像序列图；
    c、确定承载煤岩破裂过程中的红外辐射信息异常发生的时间节点：对步骤(b)得到的逐差红外热像序列图计算方差，找出逐差红外热像序列图的方差的极值及相对应的发生时间点，并判断逐差红外热像序列图方差的极值发生时间点是否为承载煤岩破裂时刻；
    d、确定承载煤岩破裂时刻裂隙发育区：根据步骤(c)中得到的逐差红外热像序列图的方差的极值及相对应的发生时间点，提取此刻的逐差红外热像序列图，最终确定承载煤岩破裂时刻裂隙发育区。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的煤岩破裂过程中裂隙发育区的红外辐射监测定位方法，其特征在于，步骤(c)中承载煤岩破裂过程的逐差红外热像序列图的方差根据公式(I)计算得到；所述公式(I)为：
    Figure PCTCN2017082998-appb-100001
    其中
    Figure PCTCN2017082998-appb-100002
    为逐差红外热像序列图的方差；f(i，j，k)为原始红外热像序列图第k帧的二维温度矩阵；i为温度矩阵的行号，i＝1,2…,M，M为温度矩阵的总行数；j为温度矩阵的列号，j＝1,2…,N，N为温度矩阵的总列数；
    Figure PCTCN2017082998-appb-100003
    AIRT(k)为原始红外热像序列图第k帧的平均值。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的煤岩破裂过程中裂隙发育区的红外辐射监测定位方法，其特征在于，所述红外辐射探测系统包括压力机(1)、塑料薄膜(2)、承载煤岩(3)、隔离封闭箱体(4)、红外热像仪(5)和数据采集仪(6)。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的煤岩破裂过程中裂隙发育区的红外辐射监测定位方法，其特征在于，所述压力机(1)、塑料薄膜(2)、承载煤岩(3)和红外热像仪(5)均位于隔离封闭箱体(4)的内部。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的煤岩破裂过程中裂隙发育区的红外辐射监测定位方法，其特征在于，所述承载煤岩(3)位于压力机(1)上。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的煤岩破裂过程中裂隙发育区的红外辐射监测定位方法，其特征在于，所述承载煤岩(3)与压力机(1)接触的上下表面设有塑料薄膜(2)。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的煤岩破裂过程中裂隙发育区的红外辐射监测定位方法，其特征在于，所述数据采集仪(6)分别与压力机(1)和红外热像仪(5)连接。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的煤岩破裂过程中裂隙发育区的红外辐射监测定位方法，其特征在于，在步骤(a)中开始监测承载煤岩破裂过程中红外辐射信息时，同时同步启动红外辐射探测系统的压力机(1)和红外热像仪(5)。
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