WO2018010416A1 - 无线充电电路、无线充电系统及电路控制方法 - Google Patents

无线充电电路、无线充电系统及电路控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018010416A1
WO2018010416A1 PCT/CN2017/071799 CN2017071799W WO2018010416A1 WO 2018010416 A1 WO2018010416 A1 WO 2018010416A1 CN 2017071799 W CN2017071799 W CN 2017071799W WO 2018010416 A1 WO2018010416 A1 WO 2018010416A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
converter
voltage
component
driving signal
wireless charging
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/071799
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
毛云鹤
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP17826755.5A priority Critical patent/EP3477812B1/en
Publication of WO2018010416A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018010416A1/zh
Priority to US16/246,372 priority patent/US20190148981A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
    • H04B5/79—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for data transfer in combination with power transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
    • H04B5/72—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for local intradevice communication

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless charging technologies, and in particular, to a wireless charging circuit, a wireless charging system, and a circuit control method.
  • Wireless charging means that the receiving end of the battery obtains power from the transmitting end by means of electromagnetic wave induction, wherein the transmitting end generates an electromagnetic signal, and the receiving end senses that the electromagnetic signal generates a current to charge the battery.
  • an impedance matching circuit is added at the transmitting end and the receiving end respectively, and the adjustable capacitor in the impedance matching circuit is used to adjust the capacitance, and the adjustable inductor adjustment and inductance in the impedance matching circuit are used to achieve the adjustment.
  • the purpose of the output power Specifically, the controllable switch and the capacitor in the adjustable capacitor are connected in series, and the opening or not of the controllable switch is used to control the access of the capacitor to achieve the purpose of adjusting the capacitance, and the mechanical device or the additional adjustment can be adjusted in the adjustable inductor.
  • the circuit adjusts the inductance by changing the bias voltage.
  • the above method of adjusting the output power if the power electronic device is used as the controllable switch regulating capacitor, there is a problem that the conduction loss is large and the efficiency is low. If the relay is used as the controllable switch regulating capacitor, there is a problem that the impact resistance is limited. Relying on the mechanical structure to adjust the inductance also increases the circuit cost and volume. In addition, the above method of adjusting the output power adds an extra circuit to the system to achieve the purpose of adjusting the output power, which not only increases the circuit cost and volume, but also reduces System efficiency and power density.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a wireless charging circuit, a wireless charging system, and a circuit control method.
  • the technical solution is as follows:
  • a wireless charging circuit for use in a transmitting end of a wireless charging system, the wireless charging circuit including a direct current (DC)/alternating current (AC) converter connected to a power source, a wireless transmitter and control component respectively coupled to the DC/AC converter, a wireless communication component coupled to the control component; the power source for providing a DC voltage; the wireless communication component for receiving the wireless charging a charging parameter fed back by the receiving end in the system, the charging parameter is used to indicate a difference between the actual charging parameter and the required charging parameter; the control component is configured to generate a first duration of the first duration according to the charging parameter Driving a signal to transmit the first driving signal to the DC/AC converter; or generating a second driving signal having a duration of a second duration according to the charging parameter, transmitting the a second driving signal; the DC/AC converter is configured to be in the operating state during the first duration under the control of the first driving signal, and is in the Converting the DC voltage to obtain a high frequency AC voltage when the operating state is described;
  • DC direct current
  • the transmitting end provides a high-frequency alternating magnetic field for the receiving end, and the receiving end receives the high-frequency alternating magnetic field and converts it into a direct-current voltage to charge the battery component, and the receiving end feeds back the charging parameter to the transmitting end, and the receiving end generates a duration according to the received charging parameter.
  • a first driving signal of a first duration or a second driving signal of a second duration and transmitting to the DC/AC converter such that the DC/AC converter is under the control of the first driving signal and the second driving signal
  • the DC/AC converter DC/AC converter converts the DC voltage into a high-frequency AC magnetic field under the control of the first driving signal
  • the wireless charging system has an output power
  • the DC/AC converter is in the second driving signal.
  • the DC voltage is not converted, and the wireless charging system has no output power.
  • the system can be switched between the normal operation and the stop state without adding additional circuits.
  • the method for adjusting the output power in the prior art solves the problem of increasing the cost and the volume of the circuit, and achieves the average work of the actual load at the receiving end. Equal or close to the load power demand, improve the efficiency of the wireless charging system and the effect of improving the power density of the wireless charging system.
  • the control component includes a modulation wave component
  • the DC/AC converter is a bridge structure circuit formed by a switch tube; Transmitting, to the DC/AC converter, the first driving signal having a duration of the first duration; under the control of the first driving signal, the DC/AC converter is stopped from the
  • a phase shift angle between a fundamental wave of the high-frequency alternating voltage and a voltage between the front and rear bridge arms of the DC/AC converter is linearly increased from zero to a predetermined value, the predetermined a value is an angle at which the DC/AC converter is soft-switched; or the modulation wave-transmitting component is configured to send the second drive to the DC/AC converter for a duration of the second duration a signal, when the DC/AC converter is switched from the operating state to the stopped operating state under the control of the second driving signal, and the fundamental wave of the high-frequency alternating voltage and the DC/AC converter
  • the average power of the actual load of the receiving end is greater than the required power of the load when the DC/AC converter realizes the soft switching, the switching is realized when the DC/AC converter is switched between the working state and the stopped working state.
  • the average power of the actual load at the receiving end is equal to or close to the required power of the load.
  • the first duration is divided by the quotient of the second duration, equal to the required power of the load of the receiving end divided by the DC/AC a quotient of the actual power of the receiving end when the converter is in the working state, the required power being the power required to be satisfied by the load during the charging process.
  • the charging parameter includes a required voltage value a demand current value, a sample current value, and a sample voltage value, the demand voltage value being a voltage value required to be satisfied by a load of the receiving end during charging;
  • the control component comprising a computing component and a modulation wave component, the modulation
  • the wave generating component is any one of a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control component, a frequency modulation control component, and a phase shift control component;
  • PWM Pulse Width Modulation
  • the calculating component is configured to generate a first control instruction according to the charging parameter when the required voltage value is less than the sampling voltage value or the required current value is less than the sampling current value; and at the required voltage value Generating a second control instruction according to the charging parameter when the sampled voltage value is greater than the sampled voltage value or the demanded current value is greater than the sampled current value;
  • the modulated wave generating component is configured to generate the
  • the DC/AC converter includes four switch tubes; the DC/AC converter includes four switches a tube; when the first switch tube and the fourth switch tube are in the first state, and the second switch tube and the third switch tube are in the second state, the DC/AC converter is in the working state; When a switch tube and the third switch tube are in the first state, and the second switch tube and the fourth switch tube are in the second state, the DC/AC converter is in the stop state
  • the working state; the first state is an open state, and the second state is an off state; or the first state is an off state, and the second state is an on state.
  • the wireless charging circuit further includes a compensator located between the DC/AC converter and the wireless transmitter; the compensation And for compensating the high frequency alternating current voltage output by the DC/AC converter, and outputting the stable high frequency alternating current voltage to the wireless transmitter.
  • the compensator compensates the high-frequency AC voltage, so that the wireless transmitter outputs a stable high-frequency AC voltage, so that the receiving end can receive a stable high-frequency AC voltage.
  • a wireless charging circuit for use in a receiving end of a wireless charging system, the wireless charging circuit comprising a wireless receiver, an AC/DC converter connected to the wireless receiver, a controller, and a wireless communication component connected to the controller; the wireless receiver is configured to receive a high frequency magnetic field emitted by a transmitting end of the wireless charging system, and convert the high frequency magnetic field into a high frequency alternating current voltage; An AC/DC converter for converting the high frequency alternating current voltage into a direct current voltage for charging a connected battery component; the controller for receiving a charging generated by the battery management component according to a battery state of the battery component a parameter, the charging parameter is sent to the wireless communication component, the battery management component is connected to the battery component, and the wireless communication component is configured to feed back the charging parameter to the transmitting end, the charging parameter Used to indicate the difference between the actual charging parameters and the demand charging parameters.
  • the transmitting end provides a high-frequency alternating magnetic field for the receiving end, and the receiving end receives the high-frequency alternating magnetic field and converts it into a direct-current voltage to charge the battery component, and the receiving end feeds back the charging parameter to the transmitting end, and the receiving end generates a duration according to the received charging parameter.
  • a first driving signal of a first duration or a second driving signal of a second duration and transmitting to the DC/AC converter such that the DC/AC converter is under the control of the first driving signal and the second driving signal
  • the DC/AC converter DC/AC converter converts the DC voltage into a high-frequency AC magnetic field under the control of the first driving signal
  • the wireless charging system has an output power
  • the DC/AC converter is in the second driving signal.
  • the DC voltage is not converted, and the wireless charging system has no output power.
  • the system can be switched between the normal operation and the stop state without adding additional circuits.
  • the method for adjusting the output power in the prior art solves the problem of increasing the cost and the volume of the circuit, and achieves the average work of the actual load at the receiving end. Equal or close to the load power demand, improve the efficiency of the wireless charging system and the effect of improving the power density of the wireless charging system.
  • the charging parameter includes a required voltage value, a demand current value, a sample current value, and a sample voltage value, wherein the demand voltage value is a voltage value required to be satisfied by a load of the receiving end during a charging process, and the required current value is required to satisfy a load of the receiving end during a charging process Current value.
  • the AC/DC converter is a rectifier bridge circuit formed by a diode; or, the AC The /DC converter is a synchronous rectification circuit composed of a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) tube.
  • CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
  • the wireless charging circuit further includes compensation
  • the compensator is located between the wireless receiver and the AC/DC converter; the compensator is configured to compensate the DC voltage output by the AC/DC module, and to The battery assembly outputs the stabilized DC voltage.
  • the compensator compensates the high-frequency AC voltage, so that the wireless transmitter outputs a stable high-frequency AC voltage, so that the receiving end can receive a stable high-frequency AC voltage.
  • the wireless charging circuit further includes a filter, the filter being located after the AC/DC converter, and the filter for removing a high frequency voltage in the DC voltage.
  • the high-frequency voltage in the DC voltage is removed by the filter to ensure that there is no high-frequency voltage in the DC voltage charged by the charging module to avoid damage to the battery component.
  • a wireless charging system comprising a power source, a transmitting end connected to the power source, a receiving end, a battery component connected to the receiving end, and a battery component and the receiving end respectively Connected battery management component; the transmitting end comprising the wireless charging circuit as provided in the first aspect or at least one implementation of the first aspect; the receiving end comprising at least one implementation as in the second aspect or the second aspect The wireless charging circuit provided in the middle.
  • a fourth aspect provides a method of controlling a wireless charging circuit, the method being applied to a wireless charging circuit as provided in the first aspect or at least one implementation of the first aspect, the method comprising: The communication component receives a charging parameter fed back by the receiving end in the wireless charging system, the charging parameter is used to indicate a difference between the actual charging parameter and the required charging parameter; and the generating component generates the duration according to the charging parameter by the control component.
  • the first driving signal of the first duration sending the first driving signal to the DC/AC converter; or generating the second driving signal having a duration of the second duration according to the charging parameter Transmitting the second driving signal to the DC/AC converter; the DC/AC conversion module is in the working state within the first duration under the control of the first driving signal, and Converting the DC voltage to obtain the high frequency AC voltage when in the working state; and stopping at the second time period under the control of the second driving signal a working state, and not converting the DC voltage when in the stopped working state; converting the high frequency alternating current voltage converted by the DC/AC converter in the working state by the wireless transmitter into The high frequency magnetic field emits the high frequency magnetic field.
  • the transmitting end provides a high-frequency alternating magnetic field for the receiving end, and the receiving end receives the high-frequency alternating magnetic field and converts it into a direct-current voltage to charge the battery component, and the receiving end feeds back the charging parameter to the transmitting end, and the receiving end generates a duration according to the received charging parameter.
  • a first driving signal of a first duration or a second driving signal of a second duration and transmitting to the DC/AC converter such that the DC/AC converter is under the control of the first driving signal and the second driving signal
  • the DC/AC converter DC/AC converter converts the DC voltage into a high-frequency AC magnetic field under the control of the first driving signal
  • the wireless charging system has an output power
  • the DC/AC converter is in the second driving signal.
  • the electric system has no output power.
  • the power method increases the cost and volume of the circuit, so that the average power of the actual load at the receiving end is equal to or close to the required power of the load, improving the efficiency of the wireless charging system and improving the power density of the wireless charging system.
  • the control component includes a modulation wave component
  • the DC/AC converter is a bridge structure circuit formed by a switch tube
  • the method further includes: Transmitting, by the modulation transmitting component, the first driving signal having a duration of the first duration to the DC/AC converter; under the control of the first driving signal, the DC/AC converter
  • a phase shift angle between a fundamental wave of the high frequency alternating current voltage and a voltage between the front and rear bridge arms of the DC/AC converter is linearly increased from zero to a predetermined value
  • the predetermined value is an angle at which the DC/AC converter implements soft switching
  • the transmitting the wave transmitting component transmits the first duration to the DC/AC converter for the second duration a driving signal, when the DC/AC converter is switched from the operating state to the stopped operating state under the control of the second driving signal, and a fundamental wave of the high-frequency alternating voltage and the DC Phase shift angle between the voltage
  • the current is linearly increased or linearly reduced, thereby reducing the wireless charging system during the switching process.
  • the impact speeds up the switching process and reduces losses during the switching process.
  • the average power of the actual load of the receiving end is greater than the required power of the load when the DC/AC converter realizes the soft switching, the switching is realized when the DC/AC converter is switched between the working state and the stopped working state.
  • the average power of the actual load at the receiving end is equal to or close to the required power of the load.
  • the first duration is divided by the quotient of the second duration, equal to the required power of the load of the receiving end divided by the DC/AC a quotient of the actual power of the receiving end when the converter is in the working state, the required power being the power required to be satisfied by the load during the charging process.
  • the output power of the wireless charging system conforms to the power required by the load during the charging process when the DC/AC converter operates intermittently.
  • the charging parameter includes a required voltage value a demand current value, a sample current value, and a sample voltage value, wherein the demand voltage value is a voltage value required to be satisfied by a load of the receiving end during charging;
  • the control component includes a computing component and a modulation wave component, and the method The method further includes: generating, by the computing component, a first control instruction according to the charging parameter when the required voltage value is less than the sampling voltage value or the required current value is less than the sampling current value; And when the value is greater than the sampling voltage value or the required current value is greater than the sampling current value, generating a second control instruction according to the charging parameter; generating, by the modulation wave component, the first control instruction according to the first control instruction a driving signal, and transmitting the first driving signal to the DC/AC converter; or for generating the second according to the second control instruction Activation signal, and transmit
  • the wireless charging circuit further includes a compensator; the method further includes: outputting, by the compensator, the DC/AC converter The high frequency alternating voltage is compensated and a stable high frequency alternating voltage is output to the wireless transmitter.
  • the compensator compensates the high-frequency AC voltage, so that the wireless transmitter outputs a stable high-frequency AC voltage, so that the receiving end can receive a stable high-frequency AC voltage.
  • a method of controlling a wireless charging circuit comprising: Receiving, by the wireless receiver, a high frequency alternating magnetic field emitted by the transmitting end of the wireless charging system, and converting the high frequency magnetic field into a high frequency alternating current voltage; converting the high frequency alternating magnetic field into a direct current through the AC/DC module a voltage, charging the connected battery component; receiving, by the controller, a charging parameter generated by the battery management component according to a battery state of the battery component, and transmitting the charging parameter to the wireless communication component, A battery management component is coupled to the battery component; the charging parameter is fed back to the transmitting end by the wireless communication component, the charging parameter being used to indicate a difference between an actual charging parameter and a required charging parameter.
  • the transmitting end provides a high-frequency alternating magnetic field for the receiving end, and the receiving end receives the high-frequency alternating magnetic field and converts it into a direct-current voltage to charge the battery component, and the receiving end feeds back the charging parameter to the transmitting end, and the receiving end generates a duration according to the received charging parameter.
  • a first driving signal of a first duration or a second driving signal of a second duration and transmitting to the DC/AC converter such that the DC/AC converter is under the control of the first driving signal and the second driving signal
  • the DC/AC converter DC/AC converter converts the DC voltage into a high-frequency AC magnetic field under the control of the first driving signal
  • the wireless charging system has an output power
  • the DC/AC converter is in the second driving signal.
  • the DC voltage is not converted, and the wireless charging system has no output power.
  • the system can be switched between the normal operation and the stop state without adding additional circuits.
  • the method for adjusting the output power in the prior art solves the problem of increasing the cost and the volume of the circuit, and achieves the average work of the actual load at the receiving end. Equal or close to the load power demand, improve the efficiency of the wireless charging system and the effect of improving the power density of the wireless charging system.
  • the charging parameter includes a required voltage value, a required current value, a sampled voltage value, and a sampled current value, where the required voltage value is a load of the receiving end A voltage value is required to be satisfied during the charging process, and the demand current value is a current value required to be satisfied by the load of the receiving end during the charging process.
  • the wireless charging circuit further includes a compensator; the method further includes: by using the compensation The device compensates the DC voltage output by the AC/DC module and outputs the stabilized DC voltage to the battery assembly.
  • the compensator compensates the high-frequency AC voltage, so that the wireless transmitter outputs a stable high-frequency AC voltage, so that the receiving end can receive a stable high-frequency AC voltage.
  • the wireless charging circuit further includes a filter; removes a high frequency voltage in the direct current voltage by the filter.
  • the high-frequency voltage in the DC voltage is removed by the filter to ensure that there is no high-frequency voltage in the DC voltage charged by the charging module to avoid damage to the battery component.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for controlling a wireless charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7A is a flowchart of another method for controlling a wireless charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7B is a flowchart of another method for controlling a wireless charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between current and phase shift angle of a transmitting coil before processing according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of relationship between phase shifting angle and time according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between current and phase shifting angle of a processed transmitting coil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a “module” as referred to herein refers to a program or instruction stored in a memory that is capable of implementing certain functions;
  • "unit” as referred to herein refers to a functional structure that is logically divided, the “unit” may be Pure hardware implementation, or a combination of hardware and software.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary wireless charging system provided by the present invention.
  • the wireless charging system includes a power source 100, a transmitting end 110 connected to a power source, a receiving end 120, and a battery connected to the receiving end 120.
  • the component 130, the battery management component 140 connected to the battery component 130 and the receiving end 120, respectively, wherein:
  • the power source 100 is used to provide a DC voltage.
  • the transmitting end 110 includes a direct current (DC)/alternating current (AC) converter 111, a wireless transmitter 112 connected to the DC/AC converter 111, and a control component 113 connected to the DC/AC converter 111, A wireless communication component 114 coupled to control component 113.
  • DC direct current
  • AC alternating current
  • the wireless communication component 114 is configured to receive a charging parameter fed back by the receiving end 120 in the wireless charging system, and the charging parameter is used to indicate a difference between the actual charging parameter and the required charging parameter.
  • the actual charging parameter refers to the charging parameter actually acquired by the battery management component 140 during the charging process of the battery component 130;
  • the required charging parameter refers to the charging parameter required by the battery component 130 during the charging process of the battery component 130.
  • the control component 113 is configured to generate, according to the charging parameter, a first driving signal that has a duration of a first duration, and send the first driving signal to the DC/AC converter 111; or generate a second duration that is a second duration according to the charging parameter.
  • the drive signal transmits a second drive signal to the DC/AC converter 111.
  • the DC/AC converter 111 is in an operating state for a first period of time under the control of the first driving signal, and converts the DC voltage to obtain a high-frequency AC voltage when in the working state; under the control of the second driving signal
  • the second working period is in a stopped state, and the DC voltage is not converted when the working state is stopped.
  • the wireless transmitter 112 converts the high frequency alternating current voltage converted by the DC/AC converter 111 into a high frequency magnetic field and emits a high frequency magnetic field for charging the battery assembly 130.
  • the receiving end 120 includes a wireless receiver 121, an AC/DC converter 122 connected to the wireless receiver 121, a controller 123, and a wireless communication component 124 connected to the controller 123.
  • the wireless receiver 121 is configured to receive a high frequency magnetic field emitted by the transmitting end 110 in the wireless charging system and convert the high frequency magnetic field into a high frequency alternating current voltage.
  • the AC/DC converter 122 is configured to convert the high frequency alternating current voltage into a direct current voltage to charge the connected battery assembly 130.
  • the controller 123 is configured to receive the charging parameter generated by the battery management component 140 according to the battery state of the battery component 130, and send the charging parameter to the wireless communication component 124.
  • the battery assembly 130 is connected to the battery management assembly 140.
  • the wireless communication component 124 is configured to feed back the charging parameters to the transmitting end 110.
  • the battery management component 140 When the battery assembly 130 is being charged, the battery management component 140 detects the battery state of the battery component 130, such as voltage, current, temperature, and generates a charging parameter based on the detected battery state, and the battery management component 140 transmits the generated charging parameter to the receiving end. Controller 123 of 120.
  • the wireless charging circuit provided by the embodiment of the present invention provides a high-frequency alternating magnetic field for the receiving end through the transmitting end, and the receiving end receives the high-frequency alternating magnetic field and converts it into a direct-current voltage to charge the battery component, and the receiving end transmits to the transmitting end.
  • the charging parameter is fed back, and the receiving end generates a first driving signal with a duration of a first duration or a second driving signal with a duration of a second duration according to the received charging parameter, and sends the second driving signal to the DC/AC converter, so that the DC/AC is transmitted.
  • the converter realizes intermittent operation under the control of the first driving signal and the second driving signal, and the DC/AC converter DC/AC converter converts the DC voltage into a high-frequency alternating magnetic field under the control of the first driving signal, and the wireless charging system With output power, the DC/AC converter does not convert DC voltage under the control of the second drive signal, and the wireless charging system has no output power. By controlling the working time of the DC/AC converter, without adding additional circuits.
  • the system is switched between the normal working state and the stop working state, and the method for adjusting the output power in the prior art is solved, which increases the circuit cost and Product of the problem, to reach the receiving end so that the actual load is equal to or close to the average power demand of the power load, improving the efficiency of the wireless charging system and the effect of improving the power density of the wireless charging system.
  • the charging parameter includes a required voltage value, a required current value, a sampling current value, and a sampling voltage value, where the required voltage value is a voltage value required to be satisfied by the load at the receiving end during the charging process, such as a voltage reference value of the constant voltage charging mode;
  • the demand current value is the current value that the load at the receiving end needs to meet during charging, such as the current reference value in the constant current charging mode, or the average current, or the peak current.
  • the sampled current value is the current flowing through the load, as measured by the current sampling circuit in the battery management component 140; the sampled voltage value is the voltage across the load, as measured by the voltage sampling circuit in the battery management component 140.
  • the wireless charging circuit applied to the transmitting end of the wireless charging system may further include a compensator 115.
  • the control component 113 includes a computing component 1131 and a modulation transmitting component 1132, as shown in FIG. 2:
  • the compensator 115 is located between the DC/AC converter 111 and the wireless transmitter 112 for compensating for the high frequency alternating current voltage output by the DC/AC module 111 and outputting a stable high frequency to the wireless transmitter 112. AC voltage.
  • the calculating component 1131 is configured to generate a first control instruction according to the charging parameter when the required voltage value is less than the sampling voltage value or the required current value is less than the sampling current value; when the required voltage value is greater than the sampling voltage value or the required current value is greater than the sampling current value And generating a second control instruction according to the charging parameter.
  • a modulation transmitting component 1132 configured to generate a first driving signal according to the first control instruction generated by the computing component 1131, and send the first driving signal to the DC/AC converter 111; or generate according to the second control instruction generated by the computing component 1131
  • the second drive signal transmits a second drive signal to the DC/AC converter 111.
  • the modulation wave component 1132 is any one of a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control component, a frequency modulation component, and a phase shift control component.
  • PWM Pulse Width Modulation
  • the wireless charging circuit applied to the receiving end of the wireless charging system may further include a compensator 125 and a filter Wave 126, as shown in Figure 2:
  • the compensator 125 is located between the wireless receiver 121 and the AC/DC converter 122, which is located after the AC/DC converter 122.
  • the compensator 125 is configured to compensate a DC voltage output by the AC/DC converter 122 and output a stable DC voltage to the battery assembly 130.
  • a filter 126 is provided for removing a high frequency voltage in the direct current voltage.
  • the DC/AC converter when the DC/AC converter is in operation under the control of the first driving signal, the DC/AC converter converts the DC voltage to obtain a high-frequency AC voltage, That is, the wireless charging system is in an operating state; when the DC/AC converter is in a stopped state under the control of the second driving signal, the DC/AC converter does not convert the DC voltage, that is, the wireless charging system is in a stopped state.
  • the transmitting end controls the switching between the working state and the stopped working state of the DC/AC converter through the first driving signal and the second driving signal, so that the DC/AC converter achieves the effect of intermittent operation.
  • the duration of the duration of the first driving signal and the duration of the second driving signal are an intermittent duty cycle of the DC/AC converter, that is, the time of the first duration and the second duration is equal to the DC/AC converter An intermittent duty cycle; the quotient of the duration of the first drive signal divided by the duration of the second drive signal, equal to the required power of the load at the receiving end divided by the quotient of the actual power of the receiving end when the DC/AC converter is in operation
  • the required power is the power that the load is required to meet during the charging process.
  • the actual power of the receiving end when the DC/AC converter is in the working state may be calculated by the battery management component according to the battery state, or may be calculated by the computing component of the transmitting end according to the charging parameter.
  • the DC/AC converter is a bridge structure composed of a light-emitting tube.
  • the DC/AC converter is a full bridge structure or a half bridge structure composed of a light-emitting tube.
  • a modulation wave component for transmitting a first driving signal having a duration of a first duration to the DC/AC converter; and under the control of the first driving signal, when the DC/AC converter is switched from the stopped working state to the working state,
  • the phase shift angle between the fundamental wave of the high-frequency AC voltage and the voltage between the front and rear arms of the DC/AC converter is linearly increased from zero to a predetermined value, and the predetermined value is an angle at which the DC/AC converter realizes soft switching;
  • the predetermined value is the angle at which the DC/AC converter is soft-switched.
  • the phase shift angle between the fundamental wave of the high-frequency AC voltage and the voltage between the front and rear arms of the DC/AC converter increases linearly from zero to a predetermined value.
  • the current on the wireless transmitter increases linearly.
  • a modulation wave component for transmitting a second driving signal having a duration of a second duration to the DC/AC converter, and when the DC/AC converter is switched from the working state to the stopping state under the control of the second driving signal, And the phase shift angle between the fundamental wave of the high-frequency alternating voltage and the voltage between the front and rear bridge arms of the DC/AC converter is linearly reduced from a predetermined value to zero; wherein the predetermined value is a soft-switching of the DC/AC converter angle.
  • the phase shift angle between the fundamental wave of the high-frequency AC voltage and the voltage between the front and rear bridge arms of the DC/AC converter is linearly reduced from a predetermined value to zero. Therefore, the current on the wireless transmitter is linearly reduced.
  • the DC/AC converter in the transmitting end of the wireless charging system is a full bridge structure composed of four power switching tubes,
  • the compensator consists of an inductor and a capacitor.
  • the wireless transmitter is a transmitting coil; the wireless receiver in the receiving end is a receiving coil, the compensator is composed of a capacitor, and the AC/DC converter is a rectifier bridge composed of four diodes.
  • the filter consists of an inductor and a capacitor, as shown in Figure 3:
  • the power source is a DC voltage DC, which may be fixed or variable.
  • the DC/AC converter is a full bridge structure composed of power switch tubes S1-S4, the compensator is composed of an inductor L1 and a capacitor C1, the wireless transmitter is an inductor LS, and the computing component generates a first control command or a a second control command, the modulation wave generating component generates and sends a first driving signal to the DC/AC converter according to the first control command, generates and sends a second driving signal to the DC/AC converter according to the second control command, and passes the first driving The signal and the second drive signal control the state of the power switches S1-S4 in the DC/AC converter.
  • the output duty cycle value, the PI controller limits the duty cycle value between 0 and 1, and multiplies the duty cycle by the intermittent duty cycle to obtain the duration of the DC/AC converter in operation, that is, the first
  • the duration of the second driving signal is the intermittent working period minus the duration of the first driving signal, that is, the second duration is equal to the intermittent working period minus the first duration; wherein the intermittent duty period is a preset value, For example 10 milliseconds.
  • the DC/AC converter When the modulation transmitting component sends the first driving signal, the DC/AC converter is in an active state. At this time, the first switching transistor S1 and the fourth switching transistor S4 are in an on state, the second switching transistor S2 and the third switching transistor S3. In the off state; or, the first switch tube S1 and the fourth switch tube S4 are in an off state, and the second switch tube S2 and the third switch tube S3 are in an on state.
  • the DC/AC converter When the modulation transmitting component sends the second driving signal, the DC/AC converter is in a stop working state. At this time, the first switching transistor S1 and the third switching transistor S3 are in an on state, the second switching transistor S2 and the fourth switching transistor S4 is in an off state; or, the first switch tube S1 and the third switch tube S3 are in an off state, and the second switch tube S2 and the fourth switch tube S4 are in an on state.
  • the DC/AC converter when the first switch tube S1 and the fourth switch tube S3 are in the first state, and the second switch tube S2 and the third switch tube S3 are in the second state, the DC/AC converter is in the working state; When the switch tube S1 and the third switch tube S3 are in the first state, and the second switch tube S2 and the fourth switch tube S4 are in the second state, the DC/AC converter is in the stop state; wherein the first state is the on state The second state is an off state; or the first state is an off state, and the second state is an on state.
  • the wireless receiver is LR
  • the compensator is capacitor C2
  • the AC/DC converter is a diode rectifier bridge composed of four diodes
  • the filter is an inductor Lo and a capacitor Co.
  • the receiving end is connected to the battery component BAT, the battery component BAT is connected to the battery management component, the battery management component detects the battery state of the battery component during the charging process, the sampling current value is measured by the sampling current circuit, and the sampling voltage value is measured by the sampling voltage circuit. Calculate the demand voltage value and the demand current value according to the battery state.
  • the transmitting end When the DC/AC converter at the transmitting end is in the working state, the transmitting end emits a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, and the receiving end receives the high-frequency alternating magnetic field emitted by the transmitting end. Since there is a certain distance between the receiving end and the transmitting end, the receiving end receives The high-frequency alternating magnetic field is related to the distance between the receiving end and the transmitting end. The smaller the distance, the larger the received high-frequency alternating magnetic field, and the larger the distance, the smaller the received high-frequency alternating magnetic field.
  • the receiving end converts the received high-frequency alternating magnetic field into a direct current voltage to charge the battery component BAT
  • the battery management component detects the battery state of the battery component BAT, measures the sampled voltage value, the sampled current value, and calculates the required voltage value and the required current value.
  • the battery management component sends a sampling voltage to the controller Value and demand voltage value, or sample current value and demand current value, or sampled voltage value, sampled current value, demand voltage value, and demand current value
  • the controller receives the charging parameter sent by the battery management component, and feeds the charging parameter to the emission End
  • the computing component of the transmitting end generates a first control command or a second control command according to the charging parameter
  • the modulated wave generating component generates a first driving signal according to the first control command or generates a second driving signal according to the second control command, and uses the first driving
  • the signal control DC/AC converter is in working state
  • the second driving signal is used to control the DC/AC converter to be in a stopped state, so that the DC/AC converter operates intermittently, effectively adjusting the output power of the transmitting end, and further realizing the receiving end.
  • the average power of the load is equal to or close to the required power of the load.
  • the AC/DC converter is a synchronous rectification circuit composed of a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) tube.
  • CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
  • the AC/DC converter is a structure of a rectifier bridge composed of four diodes, and the conduction loss is high due to the high conduction voltage drop of the diode.
  • the compensators in the transmitting end and the receiving end may be other structures composed of an inductor and a capacitor, such as a parallel structure composed of an inductor and a capacitor. , or a series structure composed of an inductor and a capacitor, or a series-parallel structure composed of an inductor, an inductor, and a capacitor, or a series-parallel structure composed of an inductor, a capacitor, and a capacitor.
  • the structure of the compensator in the transmitting end and the structure of the compensator in the receiving end may be the same or different, as shown in FIG. 5, which shows a schematic structural diagram of a wireless charging circuit in another wireless charging system.
  • the AC/DC converter at the receiving end in FIG. 5 may also be a structure of a rectifier bridge composed of four diodes.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for controlling an exemplary wireless charging circuit provided by the present invention.
  • the flowchart of the method for controlling the wireless charging circuit is applicable to the wireless charging system as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 .
  • the control method of the wireless charging circuit includes:
  • Step 601 The transmitting end receives the charging parameter fed back by the receiving end in the wireless charging system through the wireless communication component.
  • the charging parameter is used to indicate the difference between the actual charging parameter and the required charging parameter.
  • the transmitting end emits a high-frequency magnetic field through the wireless transmitter, and after receiving the high-frequency magnetic field, the receiving end converts the high-frequency magnetic field into a DC voltage to charge the battery component, and the receiving end obtains the charging parameter of the battery management component during the charging process of the battery component.
  • the feedback is sent to the transmitting end, and the transmitting end receives the charging parameter through the wireless communication component.
  • Step 602 The transmitting end generates a first driving signal to the DC/AC converter according to the charging parameter to generate a first driving signal with a duration of the first duration according to the charging parameter, or generate a second duration according to the charging parameter.
  • the second drive signal sends a second drive signal to the DC/AC converter.
  • Step 603 The transmitting end is in a working state by the DC/AC converter under the control of the first driving signal for the first time period, and converts the DC voltage to obtain a high-frequency AC voltage when in the working state; and the second driving signal Under the control, it is in the stop state for the second time, and does not convert the DC voltage when it is in the stop state.
  • the power supply provides a DC voltage to the transmitting terminal, which may be fixed or variable.
  • the DC/AC converter converts the DC voltage to a high frequency AC voltage.
  • the DC/AC converter does not convert the DC voltage.
  • the wireless charging system When the DC/AC converter is in operation, the wireless charging system is in an active state, and when the DC/AC converter is in a stopped state, the wireless charging system is in a stopped state.
  • the effect of intermittent operation of the DC/AC converter is realized by the control of the first driving signal and the second driving signal, and the effect of intermittent operation of the wireless charging system is also achieved.
  • Step 604 the transmitting end converts the high frequency alternating current voltage into a high frequency magnetic field through a wireless transmitter, and emits a high frequency magnetic field.
  • Step 605 The receiving end receives the high frequency alternating magnetic field emitted by the transmitting end of the wireless charging system through the wireless receiver, and converts the high frequency magnetic field into a high frequency alternating current voltage.
  • Step 606 The receiving end converts the high frequency alternating magnetic field into a direct current voltage through an AC/DC device to charge the connected battery components.
  • Step 607 The receiving end receives, by the controller, a charging parameter generated by the battery management component according to the battery state of the battery component, and sends the charging parameter to the wireless communication component.
  • Step 608 The receiving end feeds back the charging parameter to the transmitting end through the wireless communication component.
  • Steps 601 to 604 can be separately implemented as a method embodiment of the transmitting end, and steps 605 to 608 can be separately implemented as a method embodiment of the receiving end.
  • the control method of the wireless charging circuit provides a high-frequency alternating magnetic field for the receiving end through the transmitting end, and the receiving end receives the high-frequency alternating magnetic field and converts it into a direct-current voltage to charge the battery component, and the receiving end Transmitting a charging parameter to the transmitting end, and the receiving end generates a first driving signal having a duration of a first duration or a second driving signal having a duration of a second duration according to the received charging parameter, and transmitting the signal to the DC/AC converter, so that
  • the DC/AC converter realizes intermittent operation under the control of the first driving signal and the second driving signal, and the DC/AC converter DC/AC converter converts the DC voltage into a high-frequency alternating magnetic field under the control of the first driving signal.
  • the wireless charging system has output power, the DC/AC converter does not convert the DC voltage under the control of the second driving signal, and the wireless charging system has no output power.
  • the system switches between the normal operation and the stop state, and the method for adjusting the output power in the prior art is increased. Passage cost and size of the problem, to reach the receiving end so that the actual load is equal to or close to the average power demand of the power load, improving the efficiency of the wireless charging system and the effect of improving the power density of the wireless charging system.
  • FIG. 7A is a flowchart of a method for controlling an exemplary wireless charging circuit provided by the present invention.
  • the flowchart of the method for controlling the wireless charging circuit is applicable to the wireless charging system as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG.
  • the control method of the wireless charging circuit includes:
  • Step 701 The transmitting end receives the charging parameter fed back by the receiving end in the wireless charging system through the wireless communication component.
  • the charging parameter is used to indicate the difference between the actual charging parameter and the demand charging parameter.
  • the transmitting end emits a high-frequency magnetic field through the wireless transmitter, and after receiving the high-frequency magnetic field, the receiving end converts the high-frequency magnetic field into a DC voltage to charge the battery component, and the receiving end charges the battery management component during the charging process of the battery component.
  • the parameter is fed back to the transmitting end, and the transmitting end receives the charging parameter through the wireless communication component.
  • the charging parameters include a demand voltage value, a demand current value, a sampling current value, and a sampling voltage value.
  • the required voltage value is a voltage value required to be satisfied by the load at the receiving end during the charging process, such as a voltage reference value of the constant voltage charging mode; the required current value is The current value required by the load at the receiving end during charging, such as the current reference value in constant current charging mode, or the average current, or peak current.
  • the sampled current value is the current flowing through the load and is measured by a current sampling circuit in the battery management component; the sampled voltage value is the voltage across the load and is measured by a voltage sampling circuit in the battery management component.
  • Step 702 The transmitting end generates a first driving signal to the DC/AC converter according to the charging parameter to generate a first driving signal with a duration of the first duration according to the charging parameter, or generate a second duration according to the charging parameter.
  • the second drive signal sends a second drive signal to the DC/AC converter.
  • the transmitting end sends a first driving signal to the DC/AC converter through the control component, and uses the first driving signal to control the first switching tube and the fourth switching tube to be in the first state, and The second switch tube and the third switch tube are in the second state; or, the second drive signal is sent to the DC/AC conversion mode through the control component, and the first switch tube and the third switch tube are controlled to be in the first state by using the second drive signal And the second switch tube and the fourth switch tube are in the second state; wherein, the first state is an open state, and the second state is an off state; or the first state is an off state, and the second state is an on state.
  • the transmitting end sends the first driving signal to the DC/AC converter through the control component, and controls the first switching tube and the fourth switching tube to be in an on state, and the second switching tube and the third switching tube are in an off state, or The first switch tube and the fourth switch tube are in an off state, and the second switch tube and the third switch tube are in an open state; the transmitting end sends a second drive signal to the DC/AC converter through the control component to control the first switch tube And the third switch tube is in an open state, and the second switch tube and the fourth switch tube are in an off state, or the first switch tube and the third switch tube are controlled to be in an off state, and the second switch tube and the fourth switch tube are It is in the open state.
  • control component includes the computing component and the modulated wave component
  • the step is specifically implemented by the following two steps, as shown in FIG. 7B:
  • Step 7021 The transmitting end generates a first control instruction according to the charging parameter when the required voltage value is less than the sampling voltage value or the required current value is less than the sampling current value; and the required voltage value is greater than the sampling voltage value or the required current value is greater than the sampling current.
  • a second control command is generated according to the charging parameter.
  • the value of the duty cycle is limited to between 0 and 1, and the duty cycle is multiplied by the intermittent duty cycle to obtain the duration of the DC/AC converter DC/AC converter in operation, that is, the first duration, second.
  • the duration of the driving signal is the duration of the intermittent duty cycle minus the first driving signal, that is, the second duration is equal to the intermittent duty cycle minus the first duration; wherein the intermittent duty cycle is a previously set value, such as 10 milliseconds.
  • the quotient of the first duration divided by the second duration is equal to the required power of the load at the receiving end divided by the quotient of the actual power of the receiving end when the DC/AC converter is in operation, and the required power is required during the charging process of the load. Satisfied power.
  • the first duration and the second duration can be calculated based on the proportional relationship between the first duration and the second duration, and the time during which the DC/AC converter operates intermittently.
  • Step 7022 The transmitting end generates a first driving signal according to the first control instruction by using the modulation transmitting component, and sends the first driving signal to the DC/AC converter; or generates a second driving according to the second control instruction by the modulation transmitting component. Signal and send a second drive signal to the DC/AC converter.
  • Step 703 The transmitting end is in a working state by the DC/AC converter under the control of the first driving signal for a first time period, and converts the DC voltage to obtain a high-frequency AC voltage when in the working state; Under the control, it is in the stop state for the second time, and does not convert the DC voltage when it is in the stop state.
  • the power supply provides a DC voltage to the transmitting terminal, which may be fixed or variable.
  • the DC/AC converter When the DC/AC converter is in operation, the DC/AC converter converts the DC voltage to a high frequency AC voltage, and when the DC/AC converter is in an inactive state, the DC/AC converter does not convert the DC voltage.
  • the wireless charging system When the DC/AC converter is in operation, the wireless charging system is in an active state, and when the DC/AC converter is in a stopped state, the wireless charging system is in a stopped state.
  • the effect of the intermittent operation of the DC/AC converter is achieved by the control of the first drive signal and the second drive signal.
  • the DC/AC converter under the control of the first driving signal sent by the modulation transmitting component for the first duration, when switching from the stop working state to the working state, the fundamental wave of the high frequency alternating current voltage and the DC
  • the phase shift angle between the voltages between the front and rear arms of the /AC converter is linearly increased from zero to a predetermined value, the predetermined value being the angle at which the DC/AC converter achieves soft switching; wherein the predetermined value is the DC/AC converter
  • the angle of the soft switch is achieved to achieve the effect of controlling the linear increase of the current on the wireless transmitter.
  • the DC/ACA conversion module controls the fundamental wave and the DC of the high-frequency AC voltage when switching from the working state to the stop working state under the control of the second driving signal sent by the modulation transmitting component for the second duration.
  • the phase shift angle between the voltages between the front and rear arms of the /AC converter is linearly increased from zero to a predetermined value, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the linear reduction of the current on the wireless transmitter.
  • the wireless charging circuit of the transmitting end in the wireless charging system shown in FIG. 3 is described in detail:
  • the wireless charging system is an under-damped system, it is prone to oscillation. Therefore, when switching between the working state and the non-working state, soft start and soft shutdown are required.
  • the DC/AC converter is an H-bridge structure composed of diodes, which converts the DC voltage DC into a high-frequency AC voltage Vin.
  • the current of the transmitting coil LS Is a controlled current source proportional to the fundamental wave of the high-frequency AC voltage Vin, and the phase shift angle ⁇ between the fundamental amplitude of the high-frequency AC voltage Vin and the voltage (drive pulse) between the front and rear bridge arms of the H-bridge ( ⁇ [0, ⁇ ]) is proportional, and all switching tubes of the H-bridge are in a soft-switching state in a narrow range where the phase-shifting angle is close to ⁇ .
  • the phase shift angle is at the angle of maintaining the H-bridge soft switch, such as maintaining the angle of the H-bridge soft switch to 165 degrees; when the DC/AC converter is in the stopped state, The phase angle is zero or close to zero.
  • the single-slope linearization process or the piecewise linearization process may be used to increase the phase-shifting angle ⁇ at a fixed speed, that is, the phase-shifting angle ⁇ is linearly changed, so that the current of the transmitting coil LS can also vary linearly.
  • the relationship between the phase shift angle ⁇ and the current I of the transmitting coil LS is as shown in FIG.
  • the phase shift angle ⁇ changes from 0 to an angle close to the soft start of the H-bridge
  • the time at which the phase-shifting angle ⁇ is increased to maintain the angle of the soft-start of the H-bridge is very slow, that is, between the phase-shifting angle ⁇ and time.
  • the law of variation is not linear. For example, assuming that the angle of the soft start of the H-bridge is ⁇ , the phase-shifting angle ⁇ changes from 0 to an angle close to ⁇ , which takes 0.001 seconds, and the change from an angle close to ⁇ to 0.00 takes 0.005 seconds.
  • the phase shift angle ⁇ can be increased linearly from 0 to the set value during the soft start process, that is, the phase shift angle ⁇ is linearly changed during the soft start process, and the effect of linearly increasing the current is achieved.
  • the purpose of the soft start correspondingly, in the soft turn-off process, the phase shift angle ⁇ is linearly reduced from the set value to 0, achieving the effect of linearly reducing the current, achieving the purpose of fast soft turn-off.
  • the loss of the circuit during soft-start and soft-off is reduced.
  • FIG. 9 it schematically shows the change process of the phase shift angle in the soft start, normal operation, and soft turn-off process after the compensation process.
  • the current can still increase rapidly after the angle of the soft switch of the H-bridge is maintained, so that the current of the transmitting coil can maintain a linear increase when switching from the stopped working state to the working state.
  • the current can be quickly lowered, so that the current of the transmitting coil can be kept linearly reduced when switching from the operating state to the stop state.
  • FIG. 10 it schematically shows the change process of the current of the transmitting coil during the soft start, the working state, and the soft turn-off process after linear processing.
  • Step 704 the transmitting end converts the high frequency alternating current voltage into a high frequency magnetic field through the wireless transmitter, and transmits the high frequency magnetic field.
  • Step 705 The receiving end receives the high-frequency alternating magnetic field emitted by the transmitting end of the wireless charging system through the wireless receiver, and converts the high-frequency magnetic field into a high-frequency alternating current voltage.
  • step 706 the receiving end converts the high frequency alternating magnetic field into a direct current voltage through the AC/DC device to charge the connected battery components.
  • the receiving end compensates the DC voltage outputted by the AC/DC device through the compensator, and filters the high-frequency voltage in the DC voltage through the filter to output a stable DC voltage to the battery component. Charge the battery pack.
  • Step 707 The receiving end receives, by the controller, a charging parameter generated by the battery management component according to the battery state of the battery component, and sends the charging parameter to the wireless communication component.
  • the charging parameters include demand voltage value, demand current value, sampling current value, and sampling voltage value.
  • the battery management component When the battery pack is being charged, the battery management component detects the battery state of the battery component and generates a charging parameter, the battery management component sends the charging parameter to the controller of the receiving end, and the controller of the receiving end transmits the charging parameter to the wireless transmitter.
  • the charging parameter sent by the battery management component to the controller is a required voltage value and a sampled voltage value, or a required current value and a sampled current value, or a required voltage value, a required current value, a sampled current value, and a sampled voltage value.
  • Step 708 The receiving end feeds back the charging parameter to the transmitting end by using the wireless communication component.
  • Steps 701 to 704 can be separately implemented as a method embodiment of the transmitting end, and steps 705 to 708 can be separately implemented as a method embodiment of the receiving end.
  • the control method of the wireless charging circuit provides a high-frequency alternating magnetic field for the receiving end through the transmitting end, and the receiving end receives the high-frequency alternating magnetic field and converts it into a direct-current voltage to charge the battery component, and the receiving end Transmitting a charging parameter to the transmitting end, and the receiving end generates a first driving signal having a duration of a first duration or a second driving signal having a duration of a second duration according to the received charging parameter, and transmitting the signal to the DC/AC converter, so that
  • the DC/AC converter realizes intermittent operation under the control of the first driving signal and the second driving signal, and the DC/AC converter DC/AC converter converts the DC voltage into a high-frequency alternating magnetic field under the control of the first driving signal.
  • the wireless charging system has output power, the DC/AC converter does not convert the DC voltage under the control of the second driving signal, and the wireless charging system has no output power.
  • the system switches between the normal operation and the stop state, and the method for adjusting the output power in the prior art is increased. Passage cost and size of the problem, to reach the receiving end so that the actual load is equal to or close to the average power demand of the power load, improving the efficiency of the wireless charging system and the effect of improving the power density of the wireless charging system.
  • the DC/AC converter implements soft switching
  • the average power of the actual load at the receiving end is greater than that of the load.
  • the required power by switching between the active state and the stopped working state of the DC/AC converter, enables the average power of the actual load at the receiving end to be equal to or close to the load in the case where the DC/AC converter is implemented to implement soft switching. Demand power.
  • the disclosed circuits and methods may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit may be only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined. Or it can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种无线充电电路、无线充电系统及电路控制方法，属于无线充电技术领域。该无线充电电路包括：DC/AC转换器、无线发射器、控制组件和无线通信组件；无线通信组件用于接收接收端反馈的充电参数；控制组件用于根据充电参数向DC/AC转换模块发送第一驱动信号或第二驱动信号；DC/AC转换器用于在第一驱动信号的控制下处于工作状态，在处于工作状态时对直流电压进行转换；在第二驱动信号的控制下处于停止工作状态，在处于停止工作状态时不转换直流电压。解决了现有的调节输出功率的方法会增加电路成本和体积的问题，达到使得接收端实际负载的平均功率等于或接近于负载的需求功率，提高无线充电系统的效率和功率密度的效果。

Description

无线充电电路、无线充电系统及电路控制方法
本申请要求于2016年7月15日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610567324.2、发明名称为“无线充电电路、无线充电系统及电路控制方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及无线充电技术领域，特别涉及一种无线充电电路、无线充电系统及电路控制方法。
背景技术
无线充电是指具有电池的接收端通过电磁波感应的方式从发射端取得电力，其中，发射端产生电磁信号，接收端感应到电磁信号产生电流给电池充电。
由于需要充电的电池容量不同，因此，需要根据负载对发射端和接收端的输出功率进行调节。常用的调节输出功率的方法中，在发射端和接收端分别增加阻抗匹配电路，利用阻抗匹配电路中的可调电容器调节电容，利用阻抗匹配电路中的可调电感器调节和电感，从而达到调节输出功率的目的。具体地，可调电容器中的可控开关和电容器串联，利用可控开关的闭合与否控制电容器的接入与否，达到调节电容的目的，可调节电感器中增加机械装置或增加额外的调节电路，通过改变偏置电压来达到调节电感的目的。
在上述调节输出功率的方法中，若采用电力电子器件作为可控开关调节电容，会有导通损耗大、效率低的问题，若采用继电器作为可控开关调节电容会存在抗冲击能力有限的问题，依靠机械结构调节电感也增加了电路成本和体积，另外，上述调节输出功率的方法中是在系统中增加了额外的电路才实现了调节输出功率的目的，不仅增加电路成本和体积，也降低系统效率和功率密度。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术的问题，本发明实施例提供了一种无线充电电路、无线充电系统及电路控制方法。所述技术方案如下：
第一方面，提供了一种无线充电电路，应用于无线充电系统的发射端中，所述无线充电电路包括与电源相连的直流(Direct Current，DC)/交流(Alternating Current，AC)转换器、分别与所述DC/AC转换器相连的无线发射器和控制组件、与所述控制组件相连的无线通信组件；所述电源用于提供直流电压；所述无线通信组件用于接收所述无线充电系统中的接收端反馈的充电参数，所述充电参数用于表示实际充电参数与需求充电参数之间的差异；所述控制组件用于根据所述充电参数生成持续时长为第一时长的第一驱动信号，向所述DC/AC转换器发送所述第一驱动信号；或，根据所述充电参数生成持续时长为第二时长的第二驱动信号，向所述DC/AC转换器发送所述第二驱动信号；所述DC/AC转换器用于在所述第一驱动信号的控制下在所述第一时长内处于所述工作状态，并在处于所述工作状态时对所述直流电压进行转换得到高频交流电压；在所述第二驱动信号的控制下在所述第 二时长内处于停止工作状态，并在处于所述停止工作状态时不转换所述直流电压；所述无线发射器，用于将所述DC/AC转换器处于所述工作状态时转换得到的所述高频交流电压转化为所述高频磁场，并发射所述高频磁场，所述高频磁场用于对所述电池组件进行充电。
通过发射端为接收端提供高频交流磁场，接收端接收到高频交流磁场后转化为直流电压为电池组件充电，接收端向发射端反馈充电参数，接收端根据接收到的充电参数生成持续时长为第一时长的第一驱动信号或持续时长为第二时长的第二驱动信号，并向DC/AC转换器发送，使得DC/AC转换器在第一驱动信号和第二驱动信号的控制下实现间歇工作，DC/AC转换器DC/AC转换器在第一驱动信号的控制下将直流电压转换为高频交流磁场，无线充电系统有输出功率，DC/AC转换器在第二驱动信号的控制下不转换直流电压，无线充电系统没有输出功率，通过控制DC/AC转换器的工作时间，在不需要增加额外的电路的情况下使得系统在正常工作和停止工作两个状态之间切换，解决了现有技术中调节输出功率的方法会增加电路成本和体积的问题，达到使得接收端实际负载的平均功率等于或接近于负载的需求功率，提高无线充电系统的效率和提高无线充电系统的功率密度的效果。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种可能的实施方式，所述控制组件包括调制发波组件，所述DC/AC转换器为开关管构成的桥结构电路；所述调制发波组件，用于向所述DC/AC转换器发送持续时长为所述第一时长的所述第一驱动信号；在所述第一驱动信号的控制下，所述DC/AC转换器从所述停止工作状态切换至所述工作状态时，所述高频交流电压的基波与所述DC/AC转换器前后桥臂间的电压之间的移相角度从零线性增加至预定值，所述预定值是令所述DC/AC转换器实现软开关的角度；或，所述调制发波组件，用于向所述DC/AC转换器发送持续时长为所述第二时长的所述第二驱动信号，在第二驱动信号的控制下，所述DC/AC转换器从所述工作状态切换至所述停止工作状态时，且所述高频交流电压的基波与所述DC/AC转换器前后桥臂间的电压之间的移相角度从预定值线性减小至零；其中，所述预定值是令所述DC/AC转换器实现软开关的角度。
通过在DC/AC转换器在工作状态和停止工作状态之间切换时，保持电流线性增大或线性减小，减小了在切换过程中对无线充电系统的冲击，加快了切换过程，减小了切换过程中的损耗。另外，由于DC/AC转换器在实现软开关时，接收端实际负载的平均功率大于于负载的需求功率，通过在DC/AC转换器在工作状态和停止工作状态之间切换时，使得在实现DC/AC转换器实现软开关的情况下，接收端实际负载的平均功率等于或接近于负载的需求功率。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第二种可能的实施方式，所述第一时长除以所述第二时长的商，等于所述接收端的负载的需求功率除以在所述DC/AC转换器处于所述工作状态时所述接收端的实际功率的商，所述需求功率为所述负载在充电过程中要求满足的功率。通过将发射端DC/AC转换器的驱动信号的持续时长与接收端的功率关联起来，使得在DC/AC转换器间歇工作时，无线充电系统的输出功率符合负载在充电过程中要求满足的功率。
结合第一方面、第一方面的第一种可能的实施方式、第一方面的第二种可能的实施方式，在第一方面的第三种可能的实施方式，所述充电参数包括需求电压值、需求电流值、采样电流值和采样电压值，所述需求电压值是所述接收端的负载在充电过程中要求满足的电压值；所述控制组件包括计算组件和调制发波组件，所述调制发波组件为脉冲宽度调制(Pulse Width Modulation，PWM)控制组件、调频控制组件和移相控制组件中的任意一种； 所述计算组件，用于在所述需求电压值小于所述采样电压值或所述需求电流值小于所述采样电流值时，根据所述充电参数生成第一控制指令；在所述需求电压值大于所述采样电压值或所述需求电流值大于所述采样电流值时，根据所述充电参数生成第二控制指令；所述调制发波组件，用于根据所述第一控制指令生成所述第一驱动信号，并向所述DC/AC转换器发送所述第一驱动信号；或者，用于根据所述第二控制指令生成所述第二驱动信号，并向所述DC/AC转换器发送所述第二驱动信号。
结合第一方面的第二种可能的实施方式，在第一方面的第四种可能的实施方式，所述DC/AC转换器包括四个开关管；所述DC/AC转换器包括四个开关管；在第一开关管和第四开关管处于第一状态，且第二开关管和第三开关管处于第二状态时，所述DC/AC转换器处于所述工作状态；在所述第一开关管和所述第三开关管处于所述第一状态，且所述第二开关管和所述第四开关管处于所述第二状态时，所述DC/AC转换器处于所述停止工作状态；所述第一状态为开通状态，所述第二状态为关断状态；或者，所述第一状态为关断状态，所述第二状态为开通状态。
结合第一方面、第一方面的第一种可能的实施方式、第一方面的第二种可能的实施方式、第一方面的第三种可能的实施方式、第一方面的第四种可能的实施方式，在第一方面的第五种可能的实施方式，所述无线充电电路还包括补偿器，所述补偿器位于所述DC/AC转换器与所述无线发射器之间；所述补偿器，用于对所述DC/AC转换器输出的所述高频交流电压进行补偿，并向所述无线发射器输出稳定的所述高频交流电压。通过补偿器补偿高频交流电压，使得无线发射器输出稳定的高频交流电压，令接收端能够接收到稳定的高频交流电压。
第二方面，提供了一种无线充电电路，应用于无线充电系统的接收端中，所述无线充电电路包括无线接收器、与所述无线接收器相连的AC/DC转换器、控制器、与所述控制器相连的无线通信组件；所述无线接收器，用于接收所述无线充电系统中的发射端发射的高频磁场，并将所述高频磁场转化为高频交流电压；所述AC/DC转换器，用于将所述高频交流电压转换为直流电压，对相连的电池组件进行充电；所述控制器，用于接收电池管理组件根据所述电池组件的电池状态生成的充电参数，将所述充电参数发送给所述无线通信组件，所述电池管理组件与所述电池组件相连；所述无线通信组件，用于向所述发射端反馈所述充电参数，所述充电参数用于表示实际充电参数与需求充电参数之间的差异。
通过发射端为接收端提供高频交流磁场，接收端接收到高频交流磁场后转化为直流电压为电池组件充电，接收端向发射端反馈充电参数，接收端根据接收到的充电参数生成持续时长为第一时长的第一驱动信号或持续时长为第二时长的第二驱动信号，并向DC/AC转换器发送，使得DC/AC转换器在第一驱动信号和第二驱动信号的控制下实现间歇工作，DC/AC转换器DC/AC转换器在第一驱动信号的控制下将直流电压转换为高频交流磁场，无线充电系统有输出功率，DC/AC转换器在第二驱动信号的控制下不转换直流电压，无线充电系统没有输出功率，通过控制DC/AC转换器的工作时间，在不需要增加额外的电路的情况下使得系统在正常工作和停止工作两个状态之间切换，解决了现有技术中调节输出功率的方法会增加电路成本和体积的问题，达到使得接收端实际负载的平均功率等于或接近于负载的需求功率，提高无线充电系统的效率和提高无线充电系统的功率密度的效果。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第一种可能的实施方式，所述充电参数包括需求电压值、 需求电流值、采样电流值和采样电压值，所述需求电压值是所述接收端的负载在充电过程中要求满足的电压值，所述需求电流值是所述接收端的负载在充电过程中要求满足的电流值。
结合第二方面、第二方面的第一种可能的实施方式，在第二方面的第二种可能的实施方式，所述AC/DC转换器是二极管构成的整流桥电路；或，所述AC/DC转换器是互补金属氧化物半导体(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor，CMOS)管构成的同步整流电路。
结合第二方面、第二方面的第一种可能的实施方式、第二方面的第二种可能的实施方式，在第二方面的第三种可能的实施方式，所述无线充电电路还包括补偿器，所述补偿器位于所述无线接收器和所述AC/DC转换器之间；所述补偿器，用于对所述AC/DC模块输出的所述直流电压进行补偿，并向所述电池组件输出稳定的所述直流电压。通过补偿器补偿高频交流电压，使得无线发射器输出稳定的高频交流电压，令接收端能够接收到稳定的高频交流电压。
结合第二方面、第二方面的第一种可能的实施方式、第二方面的第二种可能的实施方式，第二方面的第三种可能的实施方式，在第二方面的第四种可能的实施方式，所述无线充电电路还包括滤波器，所述滤波器位于所述AC/DC转换器之后；所述滤波器，用于去除所述直流电压中的高频电压。通过滤波器去除直流电压中的高频电压，保证为充电模块充电的直流电压中不存在高频电压，避免损坏电池组件。
第三方面，提供了一种无线充电系统，该系统包括电源、与所述电源相连的发射端、接收端、与所述接收端相连的电池组件、与所述电池组件和所述接收端分别相连的电池管理组件；所述发射端包括如第一方面或第一方面的至少一种实现中所提供的无线充电电路；所述接收端包括如第二方面或第二方面的至少一种实现中所提供的无线充电电路。
第四方面，提供了一种无线充电电路的控制方法，该方法应用于如第一方面或第一方面的至少一种实现中所提供的无线充电电路中，所述方法包括：通过所述无线通信组件接收所述无线充电系统中的接收端反馈的充电参数，所述充电参数用于表示实际充电参数与需求充电参数之间的差异；通过控制组件根据所述充电参数生成持续时长为所述第一时长的所述第一驱动信号，向所述DC/AC转换器发送所述第一驱动信号；或，根据所述充电参数生成持续时长为所述第二时长的所述第二驱动信号，向所述DC/AC转换器发送所述第二驱动信号；通过所述DC/AC转换模块在所述第一驱动信号的控制下在所述第一时长内处于所述工作状态，并在处于所述工作状态时对所述直流电压进行转换得到所述高频交流电压；在所述第二驱动信号的控制下在所述第二时长内处于所述停止工作状态，并在处于所述停止工作状态时不转换所述直流电压；通过所述无线发射器将所述DC/AC转换器处于所述工作状态时转换得到的所述高频交流电压转化为所述高频磁场，并发射所述高频磁场。
通过发射端为接收端提供高频交流磁场，接收端接收到高频交流磁场后转化为直流电压为电池组件充电，接收端向发射端反馈充电参数，接收端根据接收到的充电参数生成持续时长为第一时长的第一驱动信号或持续时长为第二时长的第二驱动信号，并向DC/AC转换器发送，使得DC/AC转换器在第一驱动信号和第二驱动信号的控制下实现间歇工作，DC/AC转换器DC/AC转换器在第一驱动信号的控制下将直流电压转换为高频交流磁场，无线充电系统有输出功率，DC/AC转换器在第二驱动信号的控制下不转换直流电压，无线充 电系统没有输出功率，通过控制DC/AC转换器的工作时间，在不需要增加额外的电路的情况下使得系统在正常工作和停止工作两个状态之间切换，解决了现有技术中调节输出功率的方法会增加电路成本和体积的问题，达到使得接收端实际负载的平均功率等于或接近于负载的需求功率，提高无线充电系统的效率和提高无线充电系统的功率密度的效果。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的第一种可能的实施方式，所述控制组件包括调制发波组件，所述DC/AC转换器为开关管构成的桥结构电路；所述方法还包括：通过所述调制发波组件向所述DC/AC转换器发送持续时长为所述第一时长的所述第一驱动信号；在所述第一驱动信号的控制下，所述DC/AC转换器从所述停止工作状态切换至所述工作状态时，所述高频交流电压的基波与所述DC/AC转换器前后桥臂间的电压之间的移相角度从零线性增加至预定值，所述预定值是令所述DC/AC转换器实现软开关的角度；或，通过所述调制发波组件向所述DC/AC转换器发送持续时长为所述第二时长的所述第二驱动信号，在所述第二驱动信号的控制下，所述DC/AC转换器从所述工作状态切换至所述停止工作状态时，且所述高频交流电压的基波与所述DC/AC转换器前后桥臂间的电压之间的移相角度从预定值线性减小至零；其中，所述预定值是令所述DC/AC转换器实现软开关的角度。通过在DC/AC转换器在工作状态和停止工作状态之间切换时，使得移相角度线性增加或减小，保持电流线性增大或线性减小，减小了在切换过程中对无线充电系统的冲击，加快了切换过程，减小了切换过程中的损耗。另外，由于DC/AC转换器在实现软开关时，接收端实际负载的平均功率大于于负载的需求功率，通过在DC/AC转换器在工作状态和停止工作状态之间切换时，使得在实现DC/AC转换器实现软开关的情况下，接收端实际负载的平均功率等于或接近于负载的需求功率。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的第二种可能的实施方式，所述第一时长除以所述第二时长的商，等于所述接收端的负载的需求功率除以在所述DC/AC转换器处于所述工作状态时所述接收端的实际功率的商，所述需求功率为所述负载在充电过程中要求满足的功率。
通过将发射端DC/AC转换器的驱动信号的持续时长与接收端的功率关联起来，使得在DC/AC转换器间歇工作时，无线充电系统的输出功率符合负载在充电过程中要求满足的功率。
结合第四方面、第四方面的第一种可能的实施方式、第四方面的第二种可能的实施方式，在第四方面的第三种可能的实施方式，所述充电参数包括需求电压值、需求电流值、采样电流值和采样电压值，所述需求电压值是所述接收端的负载在充电过程中要求满足的电压值；所述控制组件包括计算组件和调制发波组件，所述方法还包括：通过所述计算组件在所述需求电压值小于所述采样电压值或所述需求电流值小于所述采样电流值时，根据所述充电参数生成第一控制指令；在所述需求电压值大于所述采样电压值或所述需求电流值大于所述采样电流值时，根据所述充电参数生成第二控制指令；通过所述调制发波组件根据所述第一控制指令生成所述第一驱动信号，并向所述DC/AC转换器发送所述第一驱动信号；或者，用于根据所述第二控制指令生成所述第二驱动信号，并向所述DC/AC转换器发送所述第二驱动信号。
结合第四方面、第四方面的第一种可能的实施方式、第四方面的第二种可能的实施方式、第四方面的第三种可能的实施方式，在第四方面的第四种可能的实施方式中，所述无线充电电路还包括补偿器；所述方法还包括：通过所述补偿器对所述DC/AC转换器输出的 所述高频交流电压进行补偿，并向所述无线发射器输出稳定的所述高频交流电压。通过补偿器补偿高频交流电压，使得无线发射器输出稳定的高频交流电压，令接收端能够接收到稳定的高频交流电压。
第五方面，提供了一种无线充电电路的控制方法，所述方法应用于如第二方面或第二方面的至少一种实现中所提供的无线充电电路中，所述方法包括：通过所述无线接收器接收所述无线充电系统中发射端发射的高频交流磁场，并将所述高频磁场转化为高频交流电压；通过所述AC/DC模块将所述高频交流磁场转换为直流电压，对相连的电池组件进行充电；通过所述控制器接收所述电池管理组件根据所述电池组件的电池状态生成的充电参数，并将所述充电参数发送至所述无线通信组件，所述电池管理组件与所述电池组件相连；通过所述无线通信组件向所述发射端反馈所述充电参数，所述充电参数用于表示实际充电参数与需求充电参数之间的差异。
通过发射端为接收端提供高频交流磁场，接收端接收到高频交流磁场后转化为直流电压为电池组件充电，接收端向发射端反馈充电参数，接收端根据接收到的充电参数生成持续时长为第一时长的第一驱动信号或持续时长为第二时长的第二驱动信号，并向DC/AC转换器发送，使得DC/AC转换器在第一驱动信号和第二驱动信号的控制下实现间歇工作，DC/AC转换器DC/AC转换器在第一驱动信号的控制下将直流电压转换为高频交流磁场，无线充电系统有输出功率，DC/AC转换器在第二驱动信号的控制下不转换直流电压，无线充电系统没有输出功率，通过控制DC/AC转换器的工作时间，在不需要增加额外的电路的情况下使得系统在正常工作和停止工作两个状态之间切换，解决了现有技术中调节输出功率的方法会增加电路成本和体积的问题，达到使得接收端实际负载的平均功率等于或接近于负载的需求功率，提高无线充电系统的效率和提高无线充电系统的功率密度的效果。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的第一种可能的实施方式，所述充电参数包括需求电压值、需求电流值、采样电压值和采样电流值，所述需求电压值是所述接收端的负载在充电过程中要求满足的电压值，所述需求电流值是所述接收端的负载在充电过程中要求满足的电流值。
结合第五方面、第五方面的第一种可能的实施方式，在第五方面的第二种可能的实施方式，所述无线充电电路还包括补偿器；所述方法还包括：通过所述补偿器对所述AC/DC模块输出的所述直流电压进行补偿，并向所述电池组件输出稳定的所述直流电压。通过补偿器补偿高频交流电压，使得无线发射器输出稳定的高频交流电压，令接收端能够接收到稳定的高频交流电压。
结合第五方面、第五方面的第一种可能的实施方式、第五方面的第二种可能的实施方式，在第五方面的第三种可能的实施方式中，所述无线充电电路还包括滤波器；通过所述滤波器去除所述直流电压中的高频电压。通过滤波器去除直流电压中的高频电压，保证为充电模块充电的直流电压中不存在高频电压，避免损坏电池组件。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种无线充电系统的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的另一种无线充电系统的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的另一种无线充电系统的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的另一种无线充电系统的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例提供的另一种无线充电系统的结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例提供的一种无线充电电路的控制方法的流程图；
图7A是本发明实施例提供的另一种无线充电电路的控制方法的流程图；
图7B是本发明实施例提供的另一种无线充电电路的控制方法的流程图；
图8是本发明实施例提供的一种处理前发射线圈的电流和移相角度的关系示意图；
图9是本发明实施例提供的一种移相角度和时间的关系示意图；
图10是本发明实施例提供的一种处理后的发射线圈的电流和移相角度的关系示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
在本文提及的“模块”是指存储在存储器中的能够实现某些功能的程序或指令；在本文中提及的“单元”是指按照逻辑划分的功能性结构，该“单元”可以由纯硬件实现，或者，软硬件的结合实现。
请参考图1，其示出了本发明提供的一个示例性无线充电系统的结构示意图，该无线充电系统包括电源100、与电源相连的发射端110、接收端120、与接收端120相连的电池组件130、与电池组件130和接收端120分别相连的电池管理组件140，其中：
电源100用于提供直流电压。
发射端110包括直流(Direct Current，DC)/交流(Alternating Current，AC)转换器111，与DC/AC转换器111相连的无线发射器112，与DC/AC转换器111相连的控制组件113，与控制组件113相连的无线通信组件114。
无线通信组件114，用于接收无线充电系统中的接收端120反馈的充电参数，充电参数用于表示实际充电参数与需求充电参数之间的差异。实际充电参数是指在电池组件130充电过程中，电池管理组件140实际获取到的充电参数；需求充电参数是指在电池组件130的充电过程中，电池组件130需要的充电参数。
控制组件113，用于根据充电参数生成持续时长为第一时长的第一驱动信号，向DC/AC转换器111发送第一驱动信号；或，根据充电参数生成持续时长为第二时长的第二驱动信号，向DC/AC转换器111发送第二驱动信号。
DC/AC转换器111，在第一驱动信号的控制下在第一时长内处于工作状态，并在处于工作状态时对直流电压进行转换得到高频交流电压；在第二驱动信号的控制下在第二时长内处于停止工作状态，并在处于停止工作状态时不转换直流电压。
无线发射器112，用于将DC/AC转换器111处于工作状态时转换得到的高频交流电压转化为高频磁场，并发射高频磁场，高频磁场用于对电池组件130进行充电。
接收端120包括无线接收器121，与无线接收器121相连的AC/DC转换器122，控制器123、与控制器123相连的无线通信组件124。
无线接收器121，用于接收无线充电系统中的发射端110发射的高频磁场，并将高频磁场转化为高频交流电压。
AC/DC转换器122，用于将高频交流电压转换为直流电压，对相连的电池组件130进行充电。
控制器123，用于接收电池管理组件140根据电池组件130的电池状态生成的充电参数，将充电参数发送给无线通信组件124。其中，电池组件130与电池管理组件140相连。
无线通信组件124，用于向发射端110反馈充电参数。
在电池组件130充电时，电池管理组件140检测电池组件130的电池状态，比如电压、电流、温度，并根据检测到的电池状态生成充电参数，电池管理组件140将生成的充电参数发送至接收端120的控制器123。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的无线充电电路，通过发射端为接收端提供高频交流磁场，接收端接收到高频交流磁场后转化为直流电压为电池组件充电，接收端向发射端反馈充电参数，接收端根据接收到的充电参数生成持续时长为第一时长的第一驱动信号或持续时长为第二时长的第二驱动信号，并向DC/AC转换器发送，使得DC/AC转换器在第一驱动信号和第二驱动信号的控制下实现间歇工作，DC/AC转换器DC/AC转换器在第一驱动信号的控制下将直流电压转换为高频交流磁场，无线充电系统有输出功率，DC/AC转换器在第二驱动信号的控制下不转换直流电压，无线充电系统没有输出功率，通过控制DC/AC转换器的工作时间，在不需要增加额外的电路的情况下使得系统在正常工作和停止工作两个状态之间切换，解决了现有技术中调节输出功率的方法会增加电路成本和体积的问题，达到使得接收端实际负载的平均功率等于或接近于负载的需求功率，提高无线充电系统的效率和提高无线充电系统的功率密度的效果。
可选的，充电参数包括需求电压值、需求电流值、采样电流值和采样电压值，需求电压值是接收端的负载在充电过程中要求满足的电压值，比如恒压充电模式的电压参考值；需求电流值是接收端的负载在充电过程中要求满足的电流值，比如恒流充电模式下的电流参考值，或者平均电流，或者峰值电流。采样电流值是流过负载的电流，由电池管理组件140中的电流采样电路测得；采样电压值是负载上的电压，由电池管理组件140中的电压采样电路测得。
可选的，应用于无线充电系统的发射端中的无线充电电路还可以包括补偿器115，控制组件113包括计算组件1131和调制发波组件1132，如图2所示：
补偿器115位于DC/AC转换器111和无线发射器112之间，补偿器115，用于对DC/AC模块111输出的高频交流电压进行补偿，并向无线发射器112输出稳定的高频交流电压。
计算组件1131，用于在需求电压值小于采样电压值或需求电流值小于采样电流值时，根据充电参数生成第一控制指令；在需求电压值大于采样电压值或需求电流值大于采样电流值时，根据充电参数生成第二控制指令。
调制发波组件1132，用于根据计算组件1131生成的第一控制指令生成第一驱动信号，并向DC/AC转换器111发送第一驱动信号；或者根据计算组件1131生成的第二控制指令生成第二驱动信号，并向DC/AC转换器111发送第二驱动信号。
可选的，调制发波组件1132为脉冲宽度调制(Pulse Width Modulation，PWM)控制组件、调频控制组件和移相控制组件中的任意一种。
可选的，应用于无线充电系统的接收端中的无线充电电路还可以包括补偿器125和滤 波器126，如图2所示：
补偿器125位于无线接收器121和AC/DC转换器122之间，滤波器126位于AC/DC转换器122之后。
补偿器125，用于对AC/DC转换器122输出的直流电压进行补偿，并向电池组件130输出稳定的直流电压。
滤波器126，用于去除直流电压中的高频电压。
在上述应用于无线充电系统的发射端的无线充电电路中，当DC/AC转换器在第一驱动信号的控制下处于工作状态时，DC/AC转换器对直流电压进行转换得到高频交流电压，也即无线充电系统处于工作状态；当DC/AC转换器在第二驱动信号的控制下处于停止工作状态时，DC/AC转换器不转换直流电压，也即无线充电系统处于停止工作状态。发射端通过第一驱动信号和第二驱动信号控制DC/AC转换器在的工作状态和停止工作状态之间切换，使得DC/AC转换器实现间歇工作的效果。
其中，第一驱动信号的持续时长与第二驱动信号的持续时长的时间和为DC/AC转换器的一个间歇工作周期，也即第一时长与第二时长的时间和等于DC/AC转换器的一个间歇工作周期；第一驱动信号的持续时长除以第二驱动信号的持续时长的商，等于接收端的负载的需求功率除以在DC/AC转换器处于工作状态时接收端的实际功率的商，需求功率为负载在充电过程中要求满足的功率。
可选的，在DC/AC转换器处于工作状态时接收端的实际功率可以由电池管理组件根据电池状态计算得到，也可以由发射端的计算组件根据充电参数计算得到。
可选的，在上述无线充电系统的发射端中，DC/AC转换器为开光管构成的桥结构。可选的，DC/AC转换器为开光管构成的全桥结构或半桥结构。
调制发波组件，用于向DC/AC转换器发送持续时长为第一时长的第一驱动信号；在第一驱动信号的控制下，DC/AC转换器从停止工作状态切换至工作状态时，高频交流电压的基波与DC/AC转换器前后桥臂间的电压之间的移相角度从零线性增加至预定值，预定值是令DC/AC转换器实现软开关的角度；其中，预定值是令DC/AC转换器实现软开关的角度。
由于DC/AC转换器从停止工作状态切换至工作状态时，高频交流电压的基波与DC/AC转换器前后桥臂间的电压之间的移相角度从零线性增加至预定值，因此，无线发射器上的电流线性增加。
或，
调制发波组件，用于向DC/AC转换器发送持续时长为第二时长的第二驱动信号，在第二驱动信号的控制下，DC/AC转换器从工作状态切换至停止工作状态时，且高频交流电压的基波与DC/AC转换器前后桥臂间的电压之间的移相角度从预定值线性减小至零；其中，预定值是令DC/AC转换器实现软开关的角度。
由于DC/AC转换器从工作状态切换至停止工作状态时，高频交流电压的基波与DC/AC转换器前后桥臂间的电压之间的移相角度从预定值线性减小至零，因此，无线发射器上的电流线性减小。
以无线充电系统中的发射端中的DC/AC转换器是四个功率开关管构成的全桥结构，补 偿器由一个电感和一个电容构成，无线发射器是发射线圈；接收端中的无线接收器是接收线圈，补偿器由一个电容构成，AC/DC转换器是由四个二极管构成的整流桥，滤波器由一个电感和一个电容构成为例，如图3所示：
电源是直流电压DC，该直流电压可以是固定的，也可以是可变的。
在发射端中，DC/AC转换器是由功率开关管S1-S4构成的全桥结构，补偿器由电感L1和电容C1构成，无线发射器为电感LS，计算组件生成第一控制指令或第二控制指令，调制发波组件根据第一控制指令生成并向DC/AC转换器发送第一驱动信号，根据第二控制指令生成并向DC/AC转换器发送第二驱动信号，通过第一驱动信号和第二驱动信号控制DC/AC转换器中功率开关管S1-S4的状态。
计算组件根据充电参数中的需求值和采样值，计算出误差，误差＝需求值-采样值；将计算出的误差发送至计算组件中的比例积分(Proportional Integral，PI)控制器，由PI控制器输出占空比的值，PI控制器将占空比的值限定在0至1之间，将占空比乘以间歇工作周期得到DC/AC转换器处于工作状态的持续时长，也即第一时长，第二驱动信号的持续时长为间歇工作周期减去第一驱动信号的持续时长，也即第二时长等于间歇工作周期减去第一时长；其中，间歇工作周期为预先设置的值，比如10毫秒。
当调制发波组件发送第一驱动信号时，DC/AC转换器处于工作状态，此时，第一开关管S1和第四开关管S4处于开通状态，第二开关管S2和第三开关管S3处于关断状态；或者，第一开关管S1和第四开关管S4处于关断状态，第二开关管S2和第三开关管S3处于开通状态。
当调制发波组件发送第二驱动信号时，DC/AC转换器处于停止工作状态，此时，第一开关管S1和第三开关管S3处于开通状态，第二开关管S2和第四开关管S4处于关断状态；或者，第一开关管S1和第三开关管S3处于关断状态，第二开关管S2和第四开关管S4处于开通状态。
也即，在第一开关管S1和第四开关管S3处于第一状态，且第二开关管S2和第三开关管S3处于第二状态时，DC/AC转换器处于工作状态；在第一开关管S1和第三开关管S3处于第一状态，且第二开关管S2和第四开关管S4处于第二状态时，DC/AC转换器处于停止工作状态；其中，第一状态为开通状态，第二状态为关断状态；或者，第一状态为关断状态，第二状态为开通状态。
在接收端中，无线接收器为LR，补偿器为电容C2，AC/DC转换器为由四个二极管构成的二极管整流桥，滤波器为电感Lo和电容Co。
接收端与电池组件BAT相连，电池组件BAT与电池管理组件相连，电池管理组件检测电池组件在充电过程中的电池状态，通过采样电流电路测得采样电流值，通过采样电压电路测得采样电压值，根据电池状态计算出需求电压值和需求电流值。
当发射端的DC/AC转换器处于工作状态时，发射端发射高频交流磁场，接收端接收发射端发射的高频交流磁场，由于接收端和发射端之间存在一定的距离，因此接收端接收到的高频交流磁场与接收端和发射端之间的距离有关，距离越小，接收到的高频交流磁场越大，距离越大，接收到的高频交流磁场越小。接收端将接收到的高频交流磁场转换为直流电压为电池组件BAT充电，电池管理组件检测电池组件BAT的电池状态，测量出采样电压值、采样电流值，计算出需求电压值、需求电流值，电池管理组件向控制器发送采样电压 值和需求电压值，或者采样电流值和需求电流值，或者采样电压值、采样电流值、需求电压值和需求电流值，控制器接收电池管理组件发送的充电参数，并将充电参数反馈至发射端，发射端的计算组件根据充电参数生成第一控制指令或第二控制指令，调制发波组件根据第一控制指令生成第一驱动信号或根据第二控制指令生成第二驱动信号，利用第一驱动信号控制DC/AC转换器处于工作状态，利用第二驱动信号控制DC/AC转换器处于停止工作状态，令DC/AC转换器间歇工作，有效地调节了发射端的输出功率，进一步地实现接收端的负载的平均功率等于或接近于负载的需求功率。
可选的，AC/DC转换器是互补金属氧化物半导体(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor，CMOS)管构成的同步整流电路。
在如图3所示的无线充电系统中，应用于接收端的无线充电电路中，AC/DC转换器是由四个二极管构成的整流桥的结构，由于二极管的导通压降高，导通损耗大，可以使用可控开关代替二极管，实现同步整流的功能，达到提高效率的目的。也即图3中的四个二极管被四个可控开关Q1-Q4替代，如图4所示。
此外，在无线充电系统中，在发射端和接收端中的补偿器，除了图3和图4中所示的结构，还可以是电感和电容构成的其他结构，比如电感和电容构成的并联结构，或者电感和电容构成的串联结构，或电感、电感和电容构成的串并联结构、或者电感、电容和电容构成的串并联结构。而且，发射端中的补偿器的结构与接收端中的补偿器的结构可以相同也可以不同，如图5所示，其示出了另一种无线充电系统中的无线充电电路的结构示意图。
需要说明的是，图5中接收端的AC/DC转换器也可以是由四个二极管构成的整流桥的结构。
请参考图6，其示出了本发明提供的一个示例性无线充电电路的控制方法的流程图，该无线充电电路的控制方法的流程图适用于如图1或图2所示的无线充电系统的发射端和接收端中，该无线充电电路的控制方法包括：
步骤601，发射端通过无线通信组件接收无线充电系统中的接收端反馈的充电参数。
充电参数用于表示实际充电参数和需求充电参数之间的差异。
发射端通过无线发射器发射高频磁场，接收端接收到高频磁场后，将高频磁场转换为直流电压为电池组件充电，接收端将电池管理组件在电池组件在充电过程中获得的充电参数反馈给发射端，发射端通过无线通信组件接收充电参数。
步骤602，发射端通过控制组件根据充电参数生成持续时长为第一时长的第一驱动信号，向DC/AC转换器发送第一驱动信号；或，根据充电参数生成持续时长为第二时长的第二驱动信号，向DC/AC转换器发送第二驱动信号。
步骤603，发射端通过DC/AC转换器在第一驱动信号的控制下在第一时长内处于工作状态，并在处于工作状态时对直流电压进行转换得到高频交流电压；在第二驱动信号的控制下在第二时长内处于停止工作状态，并在处于停止工作状态时不转换直流电压。
电源为发射端提供直流电压，该直流电压可以是固定的，也可以是可变的。
当DC/AC转换器处于工作状态时，DC/AC转换器将直流电压转换得到高频交流电压， 当DC/AC转换器于停止工作状态时，DC/AC转换器不转换直流电压。
在DC/AC转换器处于工作状态时，无线充电系统处于工作状态，在DC/AC转换器处于停止工作状态时，无线充电系统处于停止工作状态。通过第一驱动信号和第二驱动信号的控制实现DC/AC转换器间歇工作的效果，也实现了无线充电系统间歇工作的效果。
步骤604，发射端通过无线发射器将高频交流电压转化为高频磁场，并发射高频磁场。
步骤605，接收端通过无线接收器接收无线充电系统中发射端发射的高频交流磁场，并将高频磁场转化为高频交流电压。
步骤606，接收端通过AC/DC器将高频交流磁场转换为直流电压，对相连的电池组件进行充电。
步骤607，接收端通过控制器接收电池管理组件根据电池组件的电池状态生成的充电参数，并将充电参数发送至无线通信组件。
步骤608，接收端通过无线通信组件向发射端反馈充电参数。
其中，步骤601至步骤604可单独实现成为发射端的方法实施例，步骤605至步骤608可单独实现成为接收端的方法实施例。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的无线充电电路的控制方法，通过发射端为接收端提供高频交流磁场，接收端接收到高频交流磁场后转化为直流电压为电池组件充电，接收端向发射端反馈充电参数，接收端根据接收到的充电参数生成持续时长为第一时长的第一驱动信号或持续时长为第二时长的第二驱动信号，并向DC/AC转换器发送，使得DC/AC转换器在第一驱动信号和第二驱动信号的控制下实现间歇工作，DC/AC转换器DC/AC转换器在第一驱动信号的控制下将直流电压转换为高频交流磁场，无线充电系统有输出功率，DC/AC转换器在第二驱动信号的控制下不转换直流电压，无线充电系统没有输出功率，通过控制DC/AC转换器的工作时间，在不需要增加额外的电路的情况下使得系统在正常工作和停止工作两个状态之间切换，解决了现有技术中调节输出功率的方法会增加电路成本和体积的问题，达到使得接收端实际负载的平均功率等于或接近于负载的需求功率，提高无线充电系统的效率和提高无线充电系统的功率密度的效果。
请参考图7A，其示出了本发明提供的一个示例性无线充电电路的控制方法的流程图，该无线充电电路的控制方法的流程图适用于如图1或图2所示的无线充电系统的发射端和接收端中，该无线充电电路的控制方法包括：
步骤701，发射端通过无线通信组件接收无线充电系统中的接收端反馈的充电参数。
充电参数是用于表示实际充电参数与需求充电参数之间的差异。
发射端通过无线发射器发射高频磁场，接收端接收到高频磁场后，将高频磁场转换为直流电压，为电池组件充电，接收端将电池管理组件在电池组件在充电过程中获得的充电参数反馈给发射端，发射端通过无线通信组件接收充电参数。
充电参数包括需求电压值、需求电流值、采样电流值和采样电压值，需求电压值是接收端的负载在充电过程中要求满足的电压值，比如恒压充电模式的电压参考值；需求电流值是接收端的负载在充电过程中要求满足的电流值，比如恒流充电模式下的电流参考值，或者平均电流，或者峰值电流。采样电流值是流过负载的电流，由电池管理组件中的电流采样电路测得；采样电压值是负载上的电压，由电池管理组件中的电压采样电路测得。
步骤702，发射端通过控制组件根据充电参数生成持续时长为第一时长的第一驱动信号，向DC/AC转换器发送第一驱动信号；或，根据充电参数生成持续时长为第二时长的第二驱动信号，向DC/AC转换器发送第二驱动信号。
由于DC/AC转换器包括四个开关管，发射端通过控制组件向DC/AC转换器发送第一驱动信号，利用第一驱动信号控制第一开关管和第四开关管处于第一状态，且第二开关管和第三开关管处于第二状态；或，通过控制组件向DC/AC转换模发送第二驱动信号，利用第二驱动信号控制第一开关管和第三开关管处于第一状态，且第二开关管和第四开关管处于第二状态；其中，第一状态为开通状态，第二状态为关断状态；或者，第一状态为关断状态，第二状态为开通状态。
也即，发射端通过控制组件向DC/AC转换器发送第一驱动信号，控制第一开关管和第四开关管处于开通状态，且第二开关管和第三开关管处于关断状态，或者第一开关管和第四开关管处于关断状态，且第二开关管和第三开关管处于开通状态；发射端通过控制组件向DC/AC转换器发送第二驱动信号，控制第一开关管和第三开关管处于开通状态，且第二开关管和第四开关管处于关断状态，或者控制第一开关管和第三开关管处于关断状态，且第二开关管和第四开关管处于开通状态。
由于控制组件包括计算组件和调制发波组件，该步骤具体由如下两个步骤实现，如图7B所示：
步骤7021，发射端通过计算组件在需求电压值小于采样电压值或需求电流值小于采样电流值时，根据充电参数生成第一控制指令；在需求电压值大于采样电压值或需求电流值大于采样电流值时，根据充电参数生成第二控制指令。
计算组件利用需求值和采样值，公式“误差＝需求值-采样值”，计算出误差，将计算出的误差发送至计算组件中的PI控制器，由PI控制器输出占空比的值，占空比的值被限定在0至1之间，将将占空比乘以间歇工作周期得到DC/AC转换器DC/AC转换器处于工作状态的持续时长，也即第一时长，第二驱动信号的持续时长为间歇工作周期减去第一驱动信号的持续时长，也即第二时长等于间歇工作周期减去第一时长；其中，间歇工作周期为预先人为设置的值，比如10毫秒。
可选的，第一时长除以第二时长的商，等于接收端的负载的需求功率除以在DC/AC转换器处于工作状态时接收端的实际功率的商，需求功率为负载在充电过程中要求满足的功率。根据第一时长和第二时长的比例关系，以及DC/AC转换器间歇工作的时间，可以计算出第一时长和第二时长。
步骤7022，发射端通过调制发波组件根据第一控制指令生成第一驱动信号，并向DC/AC转换器发送第一驱动信号；或者，通过调制发波组件根据第二控制指令生成第二驱动信号，并向DC/AC转换器发送第二驱动信号。
步骤703，发射端通过DC/AC转换器在第一驱动信号的控制下在第一时长内处于工作状态，并在处于工作状态时对直流电压进行转换得到高频交流电压；在第二驱动信号的控制下在第二时长内处于停止工作状态，并在处于停止工作状态时不转换直流电压。
电源为发射端提供直流电压，该直流电压可以是固定的，也可以是可变的。
当DC/AC转换器处于工作状态时，DC/AC转换器将直流电压转换得到高频交流电压，当DC/AC转换器处于非工作状态时，DC/AC转换器不转换直流电压。
在DC/AC转换器处于工作状态时，无线充电系统处于工作状态，在DC/AC转换器处于停止工作状态时，无线充电系统处于停止工作状态。通过第一驱动信号和第二驱动信号的控制实现DC/AC转换器间歇工作的效果。
可选的，DC/AC转换器在调制发波组件发送的持续时长为第一时长的第一驱动信号的控制下，从停止工作状态切换至工作状态时，高频交流电压的基波与DC/AC转换器前后桥臂间的电压之间的移相角度从零线性增加至预定值，预定值是令DC/AC转换器实现软开关的角度；其中，预定值是令DC/AC转换器实现软开关的角度，以此实现控制无线发射器上的电流线性增加的效果。
可选的，DC/ACA转换模块在调制发波组件发送的持续时长为第二时长的第二驱动信号的控制下，从工作状态切换至停止工作状态时，高频交流电压的基波与DC/AC转换器前后桥臂间的电压之间的移相角度从零线性增加至预定值，以此实现控制无线发射器上的电流线性减小的效果。
通过图3所示的无线充电系统中的发射端的无线充电电路进行详细说明：
由于无线充电系统是一个欠阻尼系统，容易发生震荡，因此，在工作状态和非工作状态之间切换时，需要软启动、软关断。
在图3中，DC/AC转换器是由二极管构成的H桥结构，作用是将直流电压DC转换为高频交流电压Vin，当合理选择L1、C1、LS的参数时，发射线圈LS的电流是一个与高频交流电压Vin的基波成正比的受控电流源，且高频交流电压Vin的基波幅值与H桥前后桥臂间的电压(驱动脉冲)之间的移相角度σ(σ∈[0,π])成正比，在移相角度接近接近π的较窄范围内H桥的所有开关管处于软开关状态。
在DC/AC转换器处于工作状态时，移相角度处在保持H桥软开关的角度上，比如保持H桥软开关的角度为165度；在DC/AC转换器处于停止工作状态时，移相角度为零或接近0。
由于软启动过程和软关断过程中无法实现软开关，系统的效率低，因此切换过程的持续时间应该越短越好。由于移相角度σ与发射线圈LS的电流是非线性关系，增益不稳定，可以采取补偿移相角度的方法缩短切换过程的持续时间。可选的，可以采用单一斜率线性化处理或分段线性化处理等形式让移相角度σ以固定速度增加，也即令移相角度σ线性变化，使得发射线圈LS的电流也能够线性变化。
对于软启动过程，移相角度σ与发射线圈LS的电流I的关系如图8所示。当移相角度σ从0变化到接近保持H桥软启动的角度后，移相角度σ要增加到保持H桥软启动的角度的时间就会非常缓慢，也即移相角度σ与时间之间的变化规律不是线性，比如：假设保持H桥软启动的角度为π，移相角度σ从0变化到接近π的角度需要0.001秒，而从接近π的角度变化到π则需要0.005秒。
针对此问题，可以在软启动过程中将移相角度σ由0近似线性增加到设定值，即在软启动过程中令移相角度σ线性变化，实现令电流线性增大的效果，达到快速软启动的目的。相应地，在软关断过程中将移相角度σ由设定值近似线性降低到0，实现令电流线性减小的效果，实现快速软关断的目的。通过令电流线性增大或线性减小，减小软启动和软关断时电路的损耗。如图9所示，其示意性地示出了经过补偿处理后，移相角度在软启动、正常工作、软关断过程中的变化过程。
通过对移相角度σ进行线性补偿，在达到保持H桥软开关的角度后，电流仍能快速增大，使得发射线圈的电流在从停止工作状态切换至工作状态时能够保持线性增大，在从设定值降低达到保持H桥软开关的角度时，电流能够快速下降，使得发射线圈的电流在从工作状态切换至停止工作状态时能够保持线性减小。如图10所述，其示意性地示出了经过线性处理后，发射线圈的电流在软启动、工作状态、软关断过程中的变化过程。
步骤704，发射端通过无线发射器将高频交流电压转化为高频磁场，并发送高频磁场。
步骤705，接收端通过无线接收器接收无线充电系统中发射端发射的高频交流磁场，并将高频磁场转化为高频交流电压。
步骤706，接收端通过AC/DC器将高频交流磁场转换为直流电压，对相连的电池组件进行充电。
在为相连的电池组件进行充电之前，接收端通过补偿器对AC/DC器输出的直流电压进行补偿，还通过滤波器滤除直流电压中的高频电压，向电池组件输出稳定的直流电压，为电池组件进行充电。
步骤707，接收端通过控制器接收电池管理组件根据电池组件的电池状态生成的充电参数，并将充电参数发送至无线通信组件。
充电参数包括需求电压值、需求电流值、采样电流值和采样电压值。
在电池组件充电时，电池管理组件检测电池组件的电池状态，并生成充电参数，电池管理组件将充电参数发送至接收端的控制器，接收端的控制器再将充电参数发送至无线发射器。
可选的，电池管理组件向控制器发送的充电参数是需求电压值和采样电压值，或者需求电流值和采样电流值，或者需求电压值、需求电流值、采样电流值和采样电压值。
步骤708，接收端通过无线通信组件向发射端反馈充电参数。
其中，步骤701至步骤704可单独实现成为发射端的方法实施例，步骤705至步骤708可单独实现成为接收端的方法实施例。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的无线充电电路的控制方法，通过发射端为接收端提供高频交流磁场，接收端接收到高频交流磁场后转化为直流电压为电池组件充电，接收端向发射端反馈充电参数，接收端根据接收到的充电参数生成持续时长为第一时长的第一驱动信号或持续时长为第二时长的第二驱动信号，并向DC/AC转换器发送，使得DC/AC转换器在第一驱动信号和第二驱动信号的控制下实现间歇工作，DC/AC转换器DC/AC转换器在第一驱动信号的控制下将直流电压转换为高频交流磁场，无线充电系统有输出功率，DC/AC转换器在第二驱动信号的控制下不转换直流电压，无线充电系统没有输出功率，通过控制DC/AC转换器的工作时间，在不需要增加额外的电路的情况下使得系统在正常工作和停止工作两个状态之间切换，解决了现有技术中调节输出功率的方法会增加电路成本和体积的问题，达到使得接收端实际负载的平均功率等于或接近于负载的需求功率，提高无线充电系统的效率和提高无线充电系统的功率密度的效果。
此外，还通过在DC/AC转换器在工作状态和停止工作状态之间切换时，保持电流线性增大或线性减小，减小了在切换过程中对无线充电系统的冲击，加快了软开关过程，减小了切换过程中的损耗。
另外，由于DC/AC转换器在实现软开关时，接收端实际负载的平均功率大于于负载的 需求功率，通过在DC/AC转换器在工作状态和停止工作状态之间切换时，使得在实现DC/AC转换器实现软开关的情况下，接收端实际负载的平均功率等于或接近于负载的需求功率。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。
本领域普通技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的电路和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，可以仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种无线充电电路，其特征在于，应用于无线充电系统的发射端中，所述无线充电电路包括与电源相连的直流DC/交流AC转换器、分别与所述DC/AC转换器相连的无线发射器和控制组件、与所述控制组件相连的无线通信组件；
    所述电源，用于提供直流电压；
    所述无线通信组件，用于接收所述无线充电系统中的接收端反馈的充电参数，所述充电参数用于表示实际充电参数与需求充电参数之间的差异；
    所述控制组件，用于根据所述充电参数生成持续时长为第一时长的第一驱动信号，向所述DC/AC转换器发送所述第一驱动信号；或，根据所述充电参数生成持续时长为第二时长的第二驱动信号，向所述DC/AC转换器发送所述第二驱动信号；
    所述DC/AC转换器，用于在所述第一驱动信号的控制下在所述第一时长内处于所述工作状态，并在处于所述工作状态时对所述直流电压进行转换得到高频交流电压；在所述第二驱动信号的控制下在所述第二时长内处于停止工作状态，并在处于所述停止工作状态时不转换所述直流电压；
    所述无线发射器，用于将所述DC/AC转换器处于所述工作状态时转换得到的所述高频交流电压转化为所述高频磁场，并发射所述高频磁场，所述高频磁场用于对所述电池组件进行充电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无线充电电路，其特征在于，所述控制组件包括调制发波组件，所述DC/AC转换器为开关管构成的桥结构电路；
    所述调制发波组件，用于向所述DC/AC转换器发送持续时长为所述第一时长的所述第一驱动信号；在所述第一驱动信号的控制下，所述DC/AC转换器从所述停止工作状态切换至所述工作状态时，所述高频交流电压的基波与所述DC/AC转换器前后桥臂间的电压之间的移相角度从零线性增加至预定值，所述预定值是令所述DC/AC转换器实现软开关的角度；
    或，
    所述调制发波组件，用于向所述DC/AC转换器发送持续时长为所述第二时长的所述第二驱动信号，在第二驱动信号的控制下，所述DC/AC转换器从所述工作状态切换至所述停止工作状态时，且所述高频交流电压的基波与所述DC/AC转换器前后桥臂间的电压之间的移相角度从预定值线性减小至零；
    其中，所述预定值是令所述DC/AC转换器实现软开关的角度。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的无线充电电路，其特征在于，所述第一时长除以所述第二时长的商，等于所述接收端的负载的需求功率除以在所述DC/AC转换器处于所述工作状态时所述接收端的实际功率的商，所述需求功率为所述负载在充电过程中要求满足的功率。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的无线充电电路，其特征在于，所述充电参数包括需求电压值、需求电流值、采样电流值和采样电压值，所述需求电压值是所述接收端的负载在充电过程中要求满足的电压值；
    所述控制组件包括计算组件和调制发波组件，所述调制发波组件为脉冲宽度调制PWM控制组件、调频控制组件和移相控制组件中的任意一种；
    所述计算组件，用于在所述需求电压值小于所述采样电压值或所述需求电流值小于所述采样电流值时，根据所述充电参数生成第一控制指令；在所述需求电压值大于所述采样电压值或所述需求电流值大于所述采样电流值时，根据所述充电参数生成第二控制指令；
    所述调制发波组件，用于根据所述第一控制指令生成所述第一驱动信号，并向所述DC/AC转换器发送所述第一驱动信号；或者，用于根据所述第二控制指令生成所述第二驱动信号，并向所述DC/AC转换器发送所述第二驱动信号。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的无线充电电路，其特征在于，所述DC/AC转换器包括四个开关管；
    在第一开关管和第四开关管处于第一状态，且第二开关管和第三开关管处于第二状态时，所述DC/AC转换器处于所述工作状态；
    在所述第一开关管和所述第三开关管处于所述第一状态，且所述第二开关管和所述第四开关管处于所述第二状态时，所述DC/AC转换器处于所述停止工作状态；
    所述第一状态为开通状态，所述第二状态为关断状态；或者，所述第一状态为关断状态，所述第二状态为开通状态。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一所述的无线充电电路，其特征在于，所述无线充电电路还包括补偿器，所述补偿器位于所述DC/AC转换器与所述无线发射器之间；
    所述补偿器，用于对所述DC/AC转换器输出的所述高频交流电压进行补偿，并向所述无线发射器输出稳定的所述高频交流电压。
  7. 一种无线充电电路，其特征在于，应用于无线充电系统的接收端中，所述无线充电电路包括无线接收器、与所述无线接收器相连的交流AC/直流DC转换器、控制器、与所述控制器相连的无线通信组件；
    所述无线接收器，用于接收所述无线充电系统中的发射端发射的高频磁场，并将所述高频磁场转化为高频交流电压；
    所述AC/DC转换器，用于将所述高频交流电压转换为直流电压，对相连的电池组件进行充电；
    所述控制器，用于接收电池管理组件根据所述电池组件的电池状态生成的充电参数，将所述充电参数发送给所述无线通信组件，所述电池管理组件与所述电池组件相连；
    所述无线通信组件，用于向所述发射端反馈所述充电参数，所述充电参数用于表示实际充电参数与需求充电参数之间的差异。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的无线充电电路，其特征在于，所述充电参数包括需求电压值、需求电流值、采样电流值和采样电压值，所述需求电压值是所述接收端的负载在充电过程中要求满足的电压值，所述需求电流值是所述接收端的负载在充电过程中要求满足的电流值。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的无线充电电路，其特征在于，
    所述AC/DC转换器是二极管构成的整流桥电路；
    或，
    所述AC/DC转换器是互补金属氧化物半导体CMOS管构成的同步整流电路。
  10. 根据权利要求7至9任一所述的无线充电电路，其特征在于，所述无线充电电路还包括补偿器，所述补偿器位于所述无线接收器和所述AC/DC转换器之间；
    所述补偿器，用于对所述AC/DC转换器输出的所述直流电压进行补偿，并向所述电池组件输出稳定的所述直流电压。
  11. 根据权利要求7至10任一所述的无线充电电路，其特征在于，所述无线充电电路还包括滤波器，所述滤波器位于所述AC/DC转换器之后；
    所述滤波器，用于去除所述直流电压中的高频电压。
  12. 一种无线充电系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括：电源、与所述电源相连的发射端、接收端、与所述接收端相连的电池组件、与所述电池组件和所述接收端分别相连的电池管理组件；
    所述发射端包括如权利要求1至6任一所述的无线充电电路，所述接收端如权利要求7至11任一所述无线充电电路。
  13. 一种无线充电电路的控制方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于如权利要求1至6任一所述的无线充电系统的发射端中，所述方法包括：
    通过所述无线通信组件接收所述无线充电系统中的接收端反馈的充电参数，所述充电参数用于表示实际充电参数与需求充电参数之间的差异；
    通过控制组件根据所述充电参数生成持续时长为所述第一时长的所述第一驱动信号，向所述DC/AC转换器发送所述第一驱动信号；或，根据所述充电参数生成持续时长为所述第二时长的所述第二驱动信号，向所述DC/AC转换器发送所述第二驱动信号；
    通过所述DC/AC转换模块在所述第一驱动信号的控制下在所述第一时长内处于所述工作状态，并在处于所述工作状态时对所述直流电压进行转换得到所述高频交流电压；在所述第二驱动信号的控制下在所述第二时长内处于所述停止工作状态，并在处于所述停止工作状态时不转换所述直流电压；
    通过所述无线发射器将所述DC/AC转换器处于所述工作状态时转换得到的所述高频交流电压转化为所述高频磁场，并发射所述高频磁场。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制组件包括调制发波组件，所述DC/AC转换器为开关管构成的桥结构电路；
    所述方法还包括：
    通过所述调制发波组件向所述DC/AC转换器发送持续时长为所述第一时长的所述第一驱动信号；在所述第一驱动信号的控制下，所述DC/AC转换器从所述停止工作状态切换至所 述工作状态时，所述高频交流电压的基波与所述DC/AC转换器前后桥臂间的电压之间的移相角度从零线性增加至预定值，所述预定值是令所述DC/AC转换器实现软开关的角度；
    或，
    通过所述调制发波组件向所述DC/AC转换器发送持续时长为所述第二时长的所述第二驱动信号，在所述第二驱动信号的控制下，所述DC/AC转换器从所述工作状态切换至所述停止工作状态时，且所述高频交流电压的基波与所述DC/AC转换器前后桥臂间的电压之间的移相角度从预定值线性减小至零；
    其中，所述预定值是令所述DC/AC转换器实现软开关的角度。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一时长除以所述第二时长的商，等于所述接收端的负载的需求功率除以在所述DC/AC转换器处于所述工作状态时所述接收端的实际功率的商，所述需求功率为所述负载在充电过程中要求满足的功率。
  16. 根据权利要求13至15任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述充电参数包括需求电压值、需求电流值、采样电流值和采样电压值，所述需求电压值是所述接收端的负载在充电过程中要求满足的电压值；
    所述控制组件包括计算组件和调制发波组件，所述方法还包括：
    通过所述计算组件在所述需求电压值小于所述采样电压值或所述需求电流值小于所述采样电流值时，根据所述充电参数生成第一控制指令；在所述需求电压值大于所述采样电压值或所述需求电流值大于所述采样电流值时，根据所述充电参数生成第二控制指令；
    通过所述调制发波组件根据所述第一控制指令生成所述第一驱动信号，并向所述DC/AC转换器发送所述第一驱动信号；或者，用于根据所述第二控制指令生成所述第二驱动信号，并向所述DC/AC转换器发送所述第二驱动信号。
  17. 根据权利要求13至16任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述无线充电电路还包括补偿器；
    所述方法还包括：
    通过所述补偿器对所述DC/AC转换器输出的所述高频交流电压进行补偿，并向所述无线发射器输出稳定的所述高频交流电压。
  18. 一种无线充电电路的控制方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于如权利要求7至11任一所述的无线充电系统的接收端中，所述方法包括：
    通过所述无线接收器接收所述无线充电系统中发射端发射的高频交流磁场，并将所述高频磁场转化为高频交流电压；
    通过所述AC/DC模块将所述高频交流磁场转换为直流电压，对相连的电池组件进行充电；
    通过所述控制器接收所述电池管理组件根据所述电池组件的电池状态生成的充电参数，并将所述充电参数发送至所述无线通信组件，所述电池管理组件与所述电池组件相连；
    通过所述无线通信组件向所述发射端反馈所述充电参数，所述充电参数用于表示实际充 电参数与需求充电参数之间的差异。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述充电参数包括需求电压值、需求电流值、采样电压值和采样电流值，所述需求电压值是所述接收端的负载在充电过程中要求满足的电压值，所述需求电流值是所述接收端的负载在充电过程中要求满足的电流值。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述无线充电电路还包括补偿器；
    所述方法还包括：
    通过所述补偿器对所述AC/DC器输出的所述直流电压进行补偿，并向所述电池组件输出稳定的所述直流电压。
  21. 根据权利要求18至20任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述无线充电电路还包括滤波器；
    通过所述滤波器去除所述直流电压中的高频电压。
PCT/CN2017/071799 2016-07-15 2017-01-20 无线充电电路、无线充电系统及电路控制方法 WO2018010416A1 (zh)

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