WO2017220027A1 - 射频前端发射方法及发射模块、芯片和通信终端 - Google Patents

射频前端发射方法及发射模块、芯片和通信终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017220027A1
WO2017220027A1 PCT/CN2017/089836 CN2017089836W WO2017220027A1 WO 2017220027 A1 WO2017220027 A1 WO 2017220027A1 CN 2017089836 W CN2017089836 W CN 2017089836W WO 2017220027 A1 WO2017220027 A1 WO 2017220027A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radio frequency
frequency front
switching unit
end transmitting
matching circuit
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PCT/CN2017/089836
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈吉
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唯捷创芯(天津)电子技术股份有限公司
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Priority to US16/313,120 priority Critical patent/US20190222238A1/en
Publication of WO2017220027A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017220027A1/zh
Priority to US17/106,082 priority patent/US11277165B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/02—Transmitters
    • H04B1/04—Circuits
    • H04B1/0458—Arrangements for matching and coupling between power amplifier and antenna or between amplifying stages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/02—Transmitters
    • H04B1/04—Circuits
    • H04B1/0483—Transmitters with multiple parallel paths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/005—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
    • H04B1/0067—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with one or more circuit blocks in common for different bands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/005—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
    • H04B1/0053—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with common antenna for more than one band
    • H04B1/006—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with common antenna for more than one band using switches for selecting the desired band
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/02—Transmitters
    • H04B1/04—Circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H04B1/44—Transmit/receive switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a radio frequency front-end transmitting method and a transmitting module, and also relates to an integrated circuit chip and a communication terminal using the radio frequency front-end transmitting module, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communications.
  • the RF front-end module is an important RF component that cannot be integrated by transceivers in mobile terminals.
  • the modulated RF signal is amplified to a certain power value by a power amplifier.
  • the amplified RF signal is then sent out through the antenna.
  • a radio frequency front end module including a power amplifier, a first single pole M throw switch and N frequency band matching circuits.
  • the RF front-end module realizes automatic switching between frequency bands in the case of using one power amplifier, reduces the design complexity of the RF front-end module supporting multi-mode multi-band, and saves the layout space of the internal circuit of the mobile terminal.
  • the RF front-end module can easily lose the RF signal in the process of outputting the RF signals of different frequency bands in different modes, and the RF signal cannot be guaranteed.
  • the operating current, linearity, and stability of the output power of the front-end module can easily lose the RF signal in the process of outputting the RF signals of different frequency bands in different modes, and the RF signal cannot be guaranteed.
  • the primary technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a radio frequency front-end transmitting method.
  • Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a radio frequency front end transmitting module.
  • Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a radio front end The integrated circuit chip of the module and the corresponding communication terminal.
  • a radio frequency front end transmitting method for use in a radio frequency front end including a switching unit and at least two transmitting paths, including the following steps:
  • the output matching circuit of the other at least one transmit path is directly connected to the RF transmit path.
  • the switching unit and the amplifying unit in each transmitting path are controlled by the control unit.
  • At least one of the transmit paths is for broadband communication and at least one of the transmit paths is for narrowband communication.
  • control unit controls the transmission path matched with the radio frequency signal to be in an on state according to different requirements of the input radio frequency signal, and controls all remaining transmission paths to be in a closed state.
  • control unit is respectively connected to the amplifying unit in each of the transmitting paths, and controls the amplifying unit to be in an on or off state.
  • An output matching circuit of the at least one transmitting path is connected to the switching unit and connected to the radio frequency transmitting path through the switching unit; and the output matching circuit of the at least one transmitting path is directly connected to the radio frequency transmitting path.
  • the radio frequency front-end transmitting module further includes a control unit; and the switching unit and the amplifying unit in each transmitting path are controlled by the control unit.
  • control unit controls the transmission path matched with the radio frequency signal to be in an on state according to different requirements of the input radio frequency signal, and controls all remaining transmission paths to be in a closed state.
  • the transmission path for broadband communication includes a first amplifying unit, a first output matching circuit, and a first switching unit, and an output end of the amplifying unit is matched by the first output.
  • the circuit is connected to the first switching unit.
  • the first switching unit includes at least one common end, wherein a common end is connected to the first output matching circuit.
  • the output end of the first switching unit is connected to a corresponding plurality of radio frequency transmission paths.
  • the output end of the first switching unit is connected to a corresponding plurality of radio frequency receiving paths.
  • the transmission path for narrowband communication includes a second amplifying unit and a second output matching circuit, and an output end of the second amplifying unit is connected to the second output matching circuit.
  • control unit is respectively connected to the amplifying unit in each of the transmitting paths, and controls the amplifying unit to be in an on or off state.
  • the same input matching circuit is connected to the second switching unit or the at least one radio frequency signal input end.
  • the input end of the second switching unit is connected to a plurality of corresponding radio frequency signal input ends.
  • control unit is respectively connected to the first switching unit and the second switching unit, and the first switching unit and the second switching unit are controlled to be in an on or off state by the control unit, and the control unit controls the A switching unit selects a corresponding radio frequency transmission path to transmit a radio frequency signal, and the control unit further controls the second switching unit to select a corresponding radio frequency signal input end to receive the radio frequency signal.
  • the amplifying unit is composed of one or more stages of amplifying circuits, and the adjacent two stages of amplifying circuits are connected by an inter-stage matching circuit.
  • a communication terminal which includes the above-mentioned radio frequency front end transmitting module.
  • the radio frequency front-end transmitting method and the transmitting module provided by the invention can select the matching transmitting channel according to different frequency bands in different modes, and control the conduction and closing of the corresponding amplifying unit and the switching unit through the control unit to realize different modes.
  • Frequency band RF The output of the signal increases the efficiency of the RF front-end transmit module and reduces the loss of the RF signal on the transmit path.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a multimode multi-frequency front end module in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a radio frequency front-end transmitting module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a radio frequency front-end transmitting module in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a radio frequency front end transmitting module in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the communication terminal involved refers to a computer device that can be used in a mobile environment and supports various communication systems such as GSM, EDGE, TD_SCDMA, TDD_LTE, FDD_LTE, and the like, including a mobile phone. , laptops, tablets, car computers, etc.
  • FIG. 1 shows the block diagram of the existing multimode multi-frequency front-end module.
  • the multi-mode multi-frequency front end module includes an input matching circuit 101, an amplifying unit 102, an output matching circuit 103, a switching unit 104, and a control unit 100.
  • An input matching circuit 101 is disposed between the input end of the RF signal input terminal and the input terminal of the amplifying unit 102.
  • An output matching circuit 103 is disposed between the output end of the amplifying unit 102 and the common terminal of the switching unit 104, and the output of the switching unit 104 is provided.
  • the terminal is connected to a plurality of radio frequency transmitting paths, and the control unit 100 is connected to the amplifying unit 102 and the switching unit 104, respectively.
  • the control unit is used to control the amplification unit 102 and the switching unit 104.
  • the control unit 100 can supply the power supply voltage or the bias voltage to the amplification unit 102.
  • the amplifying unit is composed of one or more stages of amplifying circuits, and the adjacent two stages of amplifying circuits are connected by an interstage matching circuit.
  • the amplifying unit 102 is often designed to be a wideband amplifier in a specified frequency band.
  • the wideband amplifier covers a frequency band in the range of 2300 to 2700 MHz, and the frequency range includes multiple frequency bands in the TDD_LTE (Time Division Duplex) mode.
  • the multiple frequency bands are B40 frequency band (2300 ⁇ 2400MHz), B41 frequency band (2496 ⁇ 2690MHz) and B38 frequency band (2570 ⁇ 2620MHz) of TDD_LTE, and also include B7 frequency band (2496 ⁇ ) in FDD_LTE (frequency division duplex) mode. 2570MHz).
  • Input match The circuit 101 and the output matching circuit 103 are designed to have a frequency range corresponding to the amplification unit 102. Since the Q (quality factor) value of the output matching circuit cannot be too high in order to achieve the broadband requirement, the RF signal will cause a large loss after passing through the output matching circuit 103. On the other hand, the performance of the amplification unit in the broadband environment is also worse than that of the amplification unit in the narrowband environment.
  • the present invention first provides a radio frequency front-end transmitting method for use in a radio frequency front end including a switching unit and at least two transmitting paths, comprising the steps of: connecting an output matching circuit of at least one transmitting path to a switching unit, and The switching unit is connected to the radio frequency transmitting path; the output matching circuit of the other at least one transmitting path is directly connected to the radio frequency transmitting path.
  • the control unit controls the transmission path matched with the radio frequency signal to be in an on state according to different requirements of the input radio frequency signal, and controls all remaining transmission paths to be in a closed state.
  • at least one transmission path is used for broadband communication
  • at least one transmission path is used for narrowband communication.
  • the RF front-end transmitting module includes an input matching circuit 201, a first amplifying unit 202, a second amplifying unit 205, a first output matching circuit 203, a second output matching circuit 206, a switching unit 204, and a control unit 200. .
  • the switching unit 204 has a significantly lower loss of the transmission path than the transmission path from the RF signal input terminal R to the RF transmission path (A1 to An).
  • the output matching circuit 206 can be designed as a narrowband output matching circuit (at least one of the Q values is high in the circuit) according to requirements, and the Q (quality factor) value can be improved, thereby reducing the location of the second output matching circuit. Loss of the transmission path.
  • the second amplifying unit 205 can also optimize the frequency range of the specified narrow band, thereby improving the performance of the transmitting path in which the second amplifying unit 205 is located.
  • the RF front-end transmitting module provided in Embodiment 1 is further described below by taking the frequency band in the range of 2300 to 2700 MHz as an example. Since the uplink and downlink of the FDD_LTE mode are simultaneously performed in different frequency bands, the operating current is relatively large, and the requirements for spectrum resources are relatively high. Therefore, the radio frequency signal of the B7 frequency band (2496-2570 MHz) in the FDD_LTE mode can be selected to enter the input matching circuit 201 from the radio frequency signal input terminal R, and the second amplifying unit 205 is controlled to enter the working state by the control unit 200, and the radio frequency signal is matched by the input.
  • the circuit 201 enters the second amplifying unit 205 for amplification, and the amplified radio frequency signal is further transmitted to the radio frequency transmitting path B through the output matching circuit 206 for output.
  • the control unit 200 controls the first amplifying unit 202 to be in a closed state (inoperable state), and the control unit 200 also controls the cutting first changing unit 204 to be in a closed state (the switching between the plurality of radio frequency transmitting paths cannot be performed), so that The RF signal cannot be output through the RF transmission path (A1 ⁇ An). Since the uplink and downlink of the TDD_LTE mode are performed in the same frequency band, the operating current is relatively small, and the heat is not serious.
  • the RF signal can be selected from the RF signal input terminal R to enter the input matching circuit 201.
  • the control unit 200 controls the first amplifying unit 202 to enter an operating state.
  • the RF signal enters the first amplifying unit 202 through the input matching circuit 201 for amplification, and after amplification.
  • the RF signal is transmitted to the switching unit 204 through the first output matching circuit 203, and the control unit 200 controls the switching unit 204 to be in a state of being turned on (the switch in the switching unit 204 is placed in the open position), and the control unit 200 controls the second amplification.
  • the unit 205 is in a closed state (inoperable state), and the radio frequency signal is outputted by designating a corresponding radio frequency transmission path from among the plurality of radio frequency transmission paths (A1 to An).
  • the RF front-end transmitting module can select a matching transmission channel according to different frequency bands in different modes, and control the corresponding amplifying unit and the switching unit to be turned on and off by the control unit, thereby realizing output of radio frequency signals of different frequency bands in different modes, thereby Raise the The efficiency of the RF front-end transmit module.
  • an RF front-end transmitting module is also provided in Embodiment 2 provided by the present invention.
  • the RF front-end transmitting module includes a first switching unit 304, a second switching unit 307, an input matching circuit 301, a transmission path P (for narrowband communication), a transmission path P' (for broadband communication), and Control unit 300.
  • the transmitting path P includes a second amplifying unit 305 and a second output matching circuit 306.
  • the second amplifying unit 305 is connected to the radio frequency transmitting path N through the second output matching circuit 306.
  • the transmit path P has a radio frequency transmit path that can be optimized over a specified narrowband band.
  • the transmitting path P' includes a first amplifying unit 302, a first output matching circuit 303, and a first switching unit 304.
  • a first output matching circuit 303 is disposed between the first amplifying unit 302 and the common end of the first switching unit 304.
  • the output of a switching unit 304 is connected to a plurality of radio frequency transmission paths (A1 to An).
  • a plurality of RF signal input terminals (R1 to Rn) are correspondingly connected to the plurality of input terminals of the second switching unit 307, and the common terminal of the second switching unit 307 is respectively connected to the plurality of amplification units (the transmission paths P and P' through the input matching circuit 301.
  • the input terminals of the amplification unit in the middle are connected.
  • the control unit 300 is respectively connected to the first switching unit 304, the second switching unit 307, and the plurality of amplifying units (amplifying units in the transmitting paths P and P') in the transmitting path P'.
  • the RF front-end transmitting module may further have a plurality of transmitting paths P, that is, the common end of the second switching unit 307 is connected to the input end of the amplifying unit of the plurality of transmitting paths P through the input matching circuit 301, and multiple The transmit path P is optimized for the specified frequency band.
  • the control unit 300 controls the corresponding switching unit and the amplifying unit to be in an on or off state, such that one of the amplifying units is in an active state, the other amplifying units are in an inoperative state, and the other amplifying units in an inactive state exhibit a high impedance.
  • One of the transmitting paths of the RF front-end transmitting module is in a working state, the other transmitting paths are in a closed state, and the other transmitting paths do not have any influence on the transmitting path in the working state.
  • the RF front-end transmitting module provided in Embodiment 2 is further described by taking the frequency band in the range of 2300 to 2700 MHz as an example.
  • the F7_LTE mode B7 band 2496MHz ⁇ 2570MHz
  • TDD_LTE mode B40 band (2300MHz ⁇ 2400MHz)
  • B41 band 2496MHz ⁇ 2690MHz
  • B38 band (2570MHz ⁇ 2620MHz)
  • the output request is controlled by the control unit 300 to control the second switching unit 307 to be in an on state, and select the shot to be input.
  • the frequency signal matches the input.
  • the input signal is then transmitted to the corresponding transmission path through the input matching circuit 301 for amplification and output.
  • the RF front-end transmitting module can also select a matching transmission channel according to different frequency bands in different modes, and control the corresponding amplifying unit and the switching unit to be turned on and off by the control unit, thereby realizing output of radio frequency signals of different frequency bands in different modes. Thereby improving the efficiency of the RF front-end transmitting module.
  • the RF front-end transmitting module can have multiple RF transmission paths (the RF transmission path is located in the transmission path P) that are separately optimized in the narrowband frequency band according to specific requirements, by expanding the number of RF signal input terminals, and making multiple The RF signal input terminal can be switched arbitrarily, so that the RF front-end transmitting module has higher flexibility.
  • a radio frequency front end transmitting module is also provided.
  • the radio frequency front end transmitting module includes at least one transmitting path P1 (for broadband communication) and a transmitting path P2 (for Narrowband communication).
  • the transmitting path P1 includes a radio frequency signal input terminal R1, an input matching circuit 401, a first amplifying unit 402, a first output matching circuit 403, a switching unit 404, a plurality of radio frequency transmitting paths (A1 to An), and a radio frequency signal input terminal R1.
  • the input end of the first amplifying unit 402 is connected to the common end of the switching unit 404 through the first output matching circuit, and the switching unit 404 and the plurality of radio frequency transmitting paths (A1) are connected to the input end of the first amplifying unit 402. ⁇ An) connected.
  • the transmitting path P2 includes a radio frequency signal input terminal Rn, an input matching circuit 407, a second amplifying unit 405, a second output matching circuit 406, and a radio frequency transmitting path N.
  • the radio frequency signal input terminal Rn passes through the input matching circuit 407 and the second amplifying unit 405.
  • the input ends are connected, and the output of the second amplifying unit 405 is connected to the radio frequency transmitting path N.
  • the control unit 400 is respectively connected to the amplifying unit and the switching unit in each of the transmitting paths.
  • RF signals in TDD_LTE mode can be selected.
  • the P1 type of transmission path the transmission path P1 has a high degree of integration and flexibility.
  • the B7 frequency band (2496MHz to 2570MHz) in the FDD_LTE mode can select the P2 type transmission path, which can minimize the loss of the input RF signal and optimize the RF.
  • the performance of the front-end transmit module The working process of the RF front-end transmitting module is the same as that described above, and details are not described herein again.
  • the RF front-end transmitting module is the same as
  • the matching transmission channel can be selected according to different frequency bands in different modes, and the control unit controls the conduction and deactivation of the corresponding amplifying unit and the switching unit to realize the output of the radio frequency signals of different frequency bands in different modes, thereby improving the RF front end.
  • the efficiency of the transmitting module is the same as
  • a radio frequency front end transmitting module is also provided in Embodiment 4 provided by the present invention.
  • the RF front-end transmitting module includes a switching unit 507, an input matching circuit 501, at least one transmitting path P3 and a transmitting path P4, and a control unit 500.
  • the transmission path P3 includes a first amplifying unit 502, a first output matching circuit 503, and a switching unit 504.
  • the switching unit 504 includes at least two common ends.
  • the switching unit 504 provided in FIG. 5 is further described below as an example.
  • the switching unit 504 is provided with two common terminals C1 and C2.
  • the first amplifying unit 502 is connected to the common terminal C2 of the switching unit 504 through the first output matching circuit 503, the common terminal C1 of the switching unit 504 is connected to the baseband processor, and the output end of the switching unit 504 passes through a plurality of switches (S1 to Sn). Connected to multiple RF transmission paths (A1 ⁇ An). A plurality of radio frequency transmission paths (A1 to An) are connected to the antenna through a filter module. The above-mentioned radio frequency transmission paths (A1 to An) can also be used as radio frequency receiving paths according to actual functions.
  • the control unit 500 controls the switches (S1 to Sn) in the switching unit 504 to be connected to the common terminal C2 of the switching unit 504.
  • the input radio frequency signal passes through the first amplifying unit 502.
  • the first RF output path (A1 to An) is transmitted to the corresponding RF transmission path (A1 to An) of the switching unit 504 through the first output matching circuit 503, and then transmitted to the antenna for transmission through the RF transmission path (A1 to An).
  • the control unit 500 controls the switches (S1 to Sn) in the switching unit 504 to be connected to the common terminal C1 of the switching unit 504, and the radio frequency signal received by the antenna passes through the radio frequency.
  • the receiving paths (A1 to An) and the switches (S1 to Sn) in the switching unit 504 reach the common terminal C1 of the switching unit 504, and then transmitted to the baseband processor for further processing. In this process, the control unit 500 controls all the amplifications.
  • the unit is in the off state, and also controls the common terminal C2 of the switching unit 504 to the plurality of radio frequency transmission paths/radio receiving paths (A1 to An) to also be turned off, that is, to make all the amplifying units and the common terminal C2 of the switching unit 504 at most
  • the RF transmit path/RF receive path (A1 ⁇ An) exhibits high impedance.
  • the transmission path P4 includes a second amplifying unit 505, a second output matching circuit 506, and a radio frequency transmitting path M.
  • the structure of the transmitting path P4 is the same as that of the transmitting path P in Embodiment 2, and details are not described herein again.
  • the RF front-end transmitting module can expand the number of input terminals of the RF signal, and can switch between the plurality of RF signal input terminals through the switching unit, so that the RF front-end transmitting module has higher flexibility and saves the external The cost of components.
  • the radio frequency front-end transmitting module shown in the above embodiments can also be used in a communication terminal as an important component of the wireless transceiver circuit.
  • the term "communication terminal” as used herein refers to a computer device that can be used in a mobile environment and supports various communication systems such as GSM, EDGE, TD_SCDMA, TDD_LTE, and FDD_LTE, including but not limited to mobile phones, notebook computers, tablet computers, and on-board computers.
  • the RF front-end transmitting module is also suitable for other wireless transceiver circuit applications, such as communication base stations compatible with various communication systems, and will not be detailed here.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种射频前端发射方法及发射模块、芯片和通信终端。该射频前端发射方法中，将至少一条发射通路的输出匹配电路连接到切换单元，并通过切换单元连接到射频发射路径；将另外至少一条发射通路的输出匹配电路直接连接到射频发射路径。本发明可以根据不同模式下的不同频段选择与其匹配的发射通路，通过控制单元控制相应的放大单元与切换单元的导通与关闭，实现对不同模式不同频段的射频信号的输出，从而提高射频前端发射模块的效率，并降低射频信号在发射通路上的损耗。

Description

射频前端发射方法及发射模块、芯片和通信终端 技术领域
本发明涉及一种射频前端发射方法及发射模块，同时也涉及采用该射频前端发射模块的集成电路芯片及通信终端，属于无线通信技术领域。
背景技术
随着全球科技的不断进步，移动通信技术也从2G经过3G，逐渐演进到4G的时代。目前，4G_LTE频段数量比较多，而且分布比较零散。各种移动通信技术所使用的频段及模式都有所不同，对制作新一代移动通信设备的厂商来说，需要设计出可使用多种频段及模式的通信装置。
射频前端模块是目前移动终端里无法被收发器集成的一个重要射频元件。在射频前端模块中，通过功率放大器将调制后的射频信号放大到一定的功率值。再将放大后的射频信号通过天线发送出去。
在申请号为201310447527.4的中国专利申请中，公开了一种射频前端模块，包括功率放大器、第一单刀M掷开关和N种频段匹配电路。该射频前端模块在采用一个功率放大器的情形下实现在各个频段之间的自动切换，降低了支持多模式多频段的射频前端模块的设计复杂性，节省了移动终端内部电路的布板空间。但是，由于不同模式下的不同频段的射频信号具有不同的要求，该射频前端模块在将不同模式下的不同频段的射频信号进行输出的过程中，很容易使射频信号损耗，而且无法保证该射频前端模块的工作电流、线性度以及输出功率的稳定性。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的首要技术问题在于提供一种射频前端发射方法。
本发明所要解决的另一技术问题在于提供一种射频前端发射模块。
本发明所要解决的又一技术问题在于提供一种采用该射频前端发 射模块的集成电路芯片及相应的通信终端。
为实现上述发明目的，本发明采用下述的技术方案：
根据本发明实施例的第一方面，提供一种射频前端发射方法，用在包括切换单元和至少两条发射通路的射频前端中，包括如下步骤：
将至少一条发射通路的输出匹配电路连接到所述切换单元，并通过所述切换单元连接到射频发射路径；
将另外至少一条发射通路的输出匹配电路直接连接到射频发射路径。
其中较优地，所述切换单元及各发射通路中的放大单元受到控制单元控制。
其中较优地，至少一条发射通路用于宽带通信，另外至少一条发射通路用于窄带通信。
其中较优地，所述控制单元根据输入射频信号的不同要求，控制与所述射频信号相匹配的发射通路处于导通状态，同时控制余下所有发射通路处于关闭状态。
其中较优地，所述控制单元分别与每一条发射通路中的放大单元相连，控制所述放大单元处于导通或关闭状态。
根据本发明实施例的第二方面，提供一种射频前端发射模块，包括切换单元和至少两条发射通路；其中，
至少一条发射通路的输出匹配电路连接到切换单元，并通过所述切换单元连接到射频发射路径；另外至少一条发射通路的输出匹配电路直接连接到射频发射路径。
其中较优地，所述射频前端发射模块还包括控制单元；所述切换单元及各发射通路中的放大单元受到所述控制单元控制。
其中较优地，所述控制单元根据输入射频信号的不同要求，控制与所述射频信号相匹配的发射通路处于导通状态，同时控制余下所有发射通路处于关闭状态。
其中较优地，至少一条发射通路用于宽带通信，另外至少一条发射通路用于窄带通信。
其中较优地，用于宽带通信的发射通路包括第一放大单元、第一输出匹配电路、第一切换单元，所述放大单元的输出端通过第一输出匹配 电路与第一切换单元相连。
其中较优地，所述第一切换单元包括至少一个公共端，其中，有一个公共端与所述第一输出匹配电路相连。
其中较优地，所述第一切换单元的输出端与对应的多个射频发射路径相连。
其中较优地，所述第一切换单元的输出端与对应的多个射频接收路径相连。
其中较优地，用于窄带通信的发射通路包括第二放大单元、第二输出匹配电路，所述第二放大单元的输出端与所述第二输出匹配电路相连。
其中较优地，所述控制单元分别与每一条发射通路中的放大单元相连，控制所述放大单元处于导通或关闭状态。
其中较优地，每一条发射通路中的放大单元的输入端与同一个输入匹配电路或多个对应的输入匹配电路相连。
其中较优地，所述同一个输入匹配电路与第二切换单元或至少一个射频信号输入端相连。
其中较优地，所述第二切换单元的输入端与多个对应的射频信号输入端相连。
其中较优地，所述控制单元分别与第一切换单元、第二切换单元相连，通过所述控制单元控制第一切换单元、第二切换单元处于导通或关闭状态，所述控制单元控制第一切换单元选择相应的射频发射路径发射射频信号，所述控制单元还控制第二切换单元选择相应的射频信号输入端接收射频信号。
其中较优地，所述放大单元由一级或多级放大电路组成，相邻两级放大电路通过级间匹配电路连接。
根据本发明实施例的第三方面，提供一种集成电路芯片，所述集成电路芯片中包括上述的射频前端发射模块。
根据本发明实施例的第四方面，提供一种通信终端，所述通信终端中包括上述的射频前端发射模块。
本发明所提供的射频前端发射方法及发射模块，可以根据不同模式下的不同频段选择与其匹配的发射通路，通过控制单元控制相应的放大单元与切换单元的导通与关闭，实现对不同模式不同频段的射频 信号的输出，从而提高了该射频前端发射模块的工作效率，并降低了射频信号在发射通路上的损耗。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中，一种多模多频前端模块的原理框图；
图2为本发明的实施例1中，射频前端发射模块的原理框图；
图3为本发明的实施例2中，射频前端发射模块的原理框图；
图4为本发明的实施例3中，射频前端发射模块的原理框图；
图5为本发明的实施例4中，射频前端发射模块的原理框图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明的技术内容做进一步的详细说明。
首先需要说明的是，在本发明的各个实施例中，所涉及的通信终端指可以在移动环境中使用，支持GSM、EDGE、TD_SCDMA、TDD_LTE，FDD_LTE等多种通信制式的计算机设备，包括移动电话、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、车载电脑等。
图1所示为现有的多模多频前端模块的原理框图。如图1所示，该多模多频前端模块包括输入匹配电路101、放大单元102、输出匹配电路103、切换单元104以及控制单元100。其中，射频信号输入端与放大单元102的输入端之间设有输入匹配电路101，放大单元102的输出端与切换单元104的公共连接端之间设有输出匹配电路103，切换单元104的输出端与多个射频发射路径相连，控制单元100分别与放大单元102和切换单元104相连。控制单元用以控制放大单元102与切换单元104，例如控制单元100可以向放大单元102提供电源电压或偏置电压。
在本发明中，放大单元由一级或多级放大电路组成，相邻两级放大电路通过级间匹配电路连接。实际应用时，放大单元102经常设计成指定频段上的一个宽带放大器，比如该宽带放大器覆盖2300～2700MHz范围内的频段，该频率范围内包含了TDD_LTE(时分双工)模式下的多个频段，多个频段分别为TDD_LTE的B40频段(2300～2400MHz)、B41频段(2496～2690MHz)与B38频段(2570～2620MHz),同时还包含了FDD_LTE(频分双工)模式下的B7频段(2496～2570MHz)。输入匹配 电路101和输出匹配电路103设计成与放大单元102对应的频率范围。由于为了达到宽带的要求，输出匹配电路的Q(品质因数)值不能太高，因此会导致射频信号在经过输出匹配电路103后会产生较大的损耗。另一方面，宽带环境下的放大单元的性能也会比窄带环境下的放大单元要差一些，切换单元也会对射频信号造成损耗，且随着频率的增高，寄生效应越突出，造成的损耗也越大。这些因素都将影响该多模多频前端装置输出的功率，效率以及线性度，例如，当工作在FDD_LTE(频分双工)模式下的B7频段(2496～2570MHz)的情况下，该多模多频前端装置的工作电流明显增大，对应的发热严重，线性度和输出功率都有明显恶化。
为此，本发明首先提供了一种射频前端发射方法，用在包括切换单元和至少两条发射通路的射频前端中，包括如下步骤：将至少一条发射通路的输出匹配电路连接到切换单元，并通过切换单元连接到射频发射路径；将另外至少一条发射通路的输出匹配电路直接连接到射频发射路径。其中较优地，由控制单元根据输入射频信号的不同要求，控制与所述射频信号相匹配的发射通路处于导通状态，同时控制余下所有发射通路处于关闭状态。这里，至少一条发射通路用于宽带通信，另外至少一条发射通路用于窄带通信。关于该射频前端发射方法的一些技术细节，将在后文中结合相应的射频前端发射模块进行进一步的说明。
接下来，在本发明所提供的实施例1中提供了一种射频前端发射模块。如图2所示，该射频前端发射模块包括输入匹配电路201、第一放大单元202、第二放大单元205、第一输出匹配电路203、第二输出匹配电路206、切换单元204以及控制单元200。射频信号输入端R通过输入匹配电路201分别与第一放大单元202和第二放大单元205的输入端相连，第一放大单元202的输出端与切换单元204的公共连接端之间设有第一输出匹配电路203，切换单元204的输出端与多个射频发射路径(A1～An)相连。这里的n表示正整数，下同。第二放大单元205的输出端与射频发射路径B之间设有第二输出匹配电路206。控制单元200分别与第一放大单元202、第二放大单元205和切换单元204相连。从射频信号输入端R到射频发射路径B由于不存在 切换单元204，该发射通路损耗明显会比从射频信号输入端R到射频发射路径(A1～An)发射通路的损耗低。另一方面，输出匹配电路206根据需求可以设计成窄带的输出匹配电路(电路中至少有一个Q值很高)，Q(品质因数)值可以得到改善，从而降低该第二输出匹配电路所在的发射通路的损耗。还有，第二放大单元205也可优化在指定的窄带的频段范围内，从而提高第二放大单元205所在的发射通路的性能。
下面仍以2300～2700MHz范围内的频段为例对实施例1所提供的射频前端发射模块做进一步的说明。由于FDD_LTE模式的上下行在不同频段同时进行，工作电流比较大，对频谱资源的要求也比较高。所以，FDD_LTE模式下的B7频段(2496～2570MHz)的射频信号可以选择从射频信号输入端R进入输入匹配电路201，通过控制单元200控制第二放大单元205进入工作状态，该射频信号通过输入匹配电路201进入第二放大单元205进行放大，放大后的射频信号再通过输出匹配电路206传送至射频发射路径B进行输出。同时，控制单元200控制第一放大单元202处于关闭状态(无法工作状态)，该控制单元200也控制切第一换单元204处于关闭状态(无法进行多个射频发射路径之间的切换)，使射频信号无法通过射频发射路径(A1～An)进行输出。由于TDD_LTE模式的上下行在同一频段进行，工作电流比较小，发热也不严重，所以，TDD_LTE模式下的B40频段(2300～2400MHz)、B41频段(2496～2690MHz)与B38频段(2570～2620MHz)的射频信号可以选择从射频信号输入端R进入输入匹配电路201，通过控制单元200控制第一放大单元202进入工作状态，该射频信号通过输入匹配电路201进入第一放大单元202进行放大，放大后的射频信号再通过第一输出匹配电路203传送至切换单元204，通过控制单元200控制切换单元204处于导通(切换单元204内的开关置于打开位置)状态，同时控制单元200控制第二放大单元205关闭状态(无法工作状态)，从多个射频发射路径(A1～An)之中指定相应射频发射路径将射频信号进行输出。该射频前端发射模块可以根据不同模式下的不同频段选择与其匹配的发射通路，通过控制单元控制相应的放大单元与切换单元的导通与关闭，实现对不同模式不同频段的射频信号的输出，从而提高该 射频前端发射模块的效率。
另一方面，在本发明所提供的实施例2中也提供了一种射频前端发射模块。如图3所示，该射频前端发射模块包括第一切换单元304、第二切换单元307、输入匹配电路301、发射通路P(用于窄带通信)、发射通路P＇(用于宽带通信)以及控制单元300。其中发射通路P包括第二放大单元305、第二输出匹配电路306,第二放大单元305通过第二输出匹配电路306与射频发射路径N相连。该发射通路P具有能优化在指定的窄带频段范围内的射频发射路径。发射通路P＇包括第一放大单元302、第一输出匹配电路303、第一切换单元304，第一放大单元302与第一切换单元304的公共端之间设有第一输出匹配电路303，第一切换单元304的输出端与多个射频发射路径(A1～An)相连。多个射频信号输入端(R1～Rn)对应连接第二切换单元307的多个输入端，第二切换单元307的公共端通过输入匹配电路301分别与多个放大单元(发射通路P与P＇中的放大单元)的输入端相连。控制单元300分别与发射通路P＇中的第一切换单元304、第二切换单元307、多个放大单元(发射通路P与P＇中的放大单元)相连。根据需求，该射频前端发射模块还可以具有多条发射通路P，也就是将第二切换单元307的公共端通过输入匹配电路301与多条发射通路P中的放大单元的输入端相连，多条发射通路P分别优化在指定的频段。通过控制单元300控制相应的切换单元、放大单元处于导通或关闭状态，使得其中的一个放大单元处于工作状态，其他放大单元处于不工作状态，并且其他处于不工作状态的放大单元呈现高阻抗，从而不影响处于工作状态的放大单元的正常工作。即该射频前端发射模块的其中一条发射通路处于工作状态，其他发射通路处于关闭状态，且其他发射通路不会对处于工作状态的发射通路产生任何影响。
同样仍以2300～2700MHz范围内的频段为例对实施例2所提供的射频前端发射模块做进一步的说明。根据FDD_LTE模式下的B7频段(2496MHz～2570MHz)或者TDD_LTE模式下的B40频段(2300MHz～2400MHz)、B41频段(2496MHz～2690MHz)与B38频段(2570MHz～2620MHz)的射频信号中的任意一种射频信号的输出要求，通过控制单元300控制第二切换单元307处于导通状态，并选择与所要输入的射 频信号相匹配的输入端。然后将该输入信号通过输入匹配电路301传送至相应的发射通路进行放大后输出。具体工作过程同实施例1所述，在此不再赘述。该射频前端发射模块同样可以根据不同模式下的不同频段选择与其匹配的发射通路，通过控制单元控制相应的放大单元与切换单元的导通与关闭，实现对不同模式不同频段的射频信号的输出，从而提高该射频前端发射模块的效率。并且，该射频前端发射模块可以根据具体的需求，具有多条单独优化在窄带频段的射频发射路径(射频发射路径位于发射通路P)，通过扩展射频信号输入端的数量，并通过切换单元使多个射频信号输入端之间能够进行任意切换，使该射频前端发射模块具有更高的灵活度。
在本发明所提供的实施例3中也提供了一种射频前端发射模块，如图4所示，该射频前端发射模块包括至少一条发射通路P1(用于宽带通信)与发射通路P2(用于窄带通信)。其中，发射通路P1包括射频信号输入端R1、输入匹配电路401、第一放大单元402、第一输出匹配电路403、切换单元404、多个射频发射路径(A1～An)，射频信号输入端R1通过输入匹配电路401与第一放大单元402的输入端相连，第一放大单元402的输出端通过第一输出匹配电路与切换单元404的公共端相连，切换单元404与多个射频发射路径(A1～An)相连。发射通路P2包括射频信号输入端Rn、输入匹配电路407、第二放大单元405、第二输出匹配电路406、射频发射路径N，射频信号输入端Rn通过输入匹配电路407与第二放大单元405的输入端相连，第二放大单元405的输出端与射频发射路径N相连。控制单元400分别与每条发射通路中的放大单元、切换单元相连。
在实际应用中，对于工作频率、工作模式相差不大的频段，例如TDD_LTE模式下的B40频段(2300MHz～2400MHz)、B41频段(2496MHz～2690MHz)与B38频段(2570MHz～2620MHz)的射频信号可以选择P1类型的发射通路，发射通路P1具有较高的集成度和灵活性。对于对性能有较高要求的频段，例如FDD_LTE模式下的B7频段(2496MHz～2570MHz)的射频信号可以选择P2类型的发射通路，可以最大程度上减小对所输入的射频信号的损耗，优化射频前端发射模块的性能。该射频前端发射模块的工作过程同上所述，在此不再赘述。该射频前端发射模块同 样可以根据不同模式下的不同频段选择与其匹配的发射通路，通过控制单元控制相应的放大单元与切换单元的导通与关闭，实现对不同模式不同频段的射频信号的输出，从而提高该射频前端发射模块的效率。
在本发明所提供的实施例4中也提供了一种射频前端发射模块。如图5所示，该射频前端发射模块包括切换单元507、输入匹配电路501、至少一条发射通路P3与发射通路P4、控制单元500。其中，发射通路P3包括第一放大单元502、第一输出匹配电路503、切换单元504，切换单元504包括至少两个公共端，下面以图5所提供的切换单元504为例做进一步的说明，该切换单元504设有两个公共端C1与C2。第一放大单元502通过第一输出匹配电路503与切换单元504的公共端C2相连，切换单元504的公共端C1与基带处理器相连，切换单元504的输出端通过多个开关(S1～Sn)与多个射频发射路径(A1～An)相连。多个射频发射路径(A1～An)通过滤波器模块与天线相连。根据实际功能的不同，上述射频发射路径(A1～An)也可以作为射频接收路径使用。当输入的射频信号需要放大并通过天线发射时，控制单元500控制切换单元504内的开关(S1～Sn)与切换单元504公共端C2相连，此时，输入的射频信号经过第一放大单元502进行放大后，再经过第一输出匹配电路503传输至切换单元504相应的射频发射路径(A1～An)，通过射频发射路径(A1～An)再传输给天线进行发射。当射频信号从天线接收并传输给基带处理器时，控制单元500控制切换单元504内的开关(S1～Sn)与切换单元504公共端C1相连，此时由天线接收到的射频信号会通过射频接收路径(A1～An)与切换单元504内的开关(S1～Sn)到达切换单元504的公共端C1，进而传输至基带处理器做进一步处理，在这个过程中，控制单元500控制所有的放大单元处于关闭状态，并且还控制切换单元504的公共端C2到多个射频发射路径/射频接收路径(A1～An)也截止，也就是使所有的放大单元以及切换单元504的公共端C2到多个射频发射路径/射频接收路径(A1～An)呈现高阻抗。发射通路P4包括第二放大单元505、第二输出匹配电路506、射频发射路径M，该发射通路P4的结构与实施例2中的发射通路P的结构相同，在此不再赘述。该射频前端发射模块结构中的切换单元507、输入匹配电路501、至少两条发射通路P3与 发射通路P4、控制单元500之间的连接关系同实施例2所述，在此也不再赘述。该射频前端发射模块同样可以根据不同模式下的不同频段选择与其匹配的发射通路，通过控制单元控制相应的放大单元与切换单元的导通与关闭，实现对不同模式不同频段的射频信号的输出，从而提高该射频前端发射模块的效率。并且该射频前端发射模块通过扩展射频信号输入端的数量，并通过切换单元使多个射频信号输入端之间能够进行任意切换，使该射频前端发射模块具有更高的灵活度的同时还节省了外部元器件的成本。
上述实施例中所示出的射频前端发射模块可以被用在集成电路芯片(例如无线收发芯片)中。对该集成电路芯片中的射频前端发射模块结构，在此就不再一一详述了。
上述实施例中所示出的射频前端发射模块也可以被用在通信终端中，作为无线收发器电路的重要组成部分。这里所说的通信终端指可以在移动环境中使用，支持GSM、EDGE、TD_SCDMA、TDD_LTE、FDD_LTE等多种通信制式的计算机设备，包括但不限于移动电话、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、车载电脑等。此外，该射频前端发射模块也适用于其他无线收发器电路应用的场合，例如兼容多种通信制式的通信基站等，在此就不一一详述了。
以上对本发明所提供的射频前端发射方法及发射模块、芯片和通信终端进行了详细的说明。对本领域的普通技术人员而言，在不背离本发明实质精神的前提下对它所做的任何显而易见的改动，都将属于本发明专利权的保护范围。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种射频前端发射方法，用在包括切换单元和至少两条发射通路的射频前端中，其特征在于：
    将至少一条发射通路的输出匹配电路连接到所述切换单元，并通过所述切换单元连接到射频发射路径；
    将另外至少一条发射通路的输出匹配电路直接连接到射频发射路径。
  2. 一种射频前端发射模块，其特征在于包括切换单元和至少两条发射通路；其中，
    至少一条发射通路的输出匹配电路连接到切换单元，并通过所述切换单元连接到射频发射路径；另外至少一条发射通路的输出匹配电路直接连接到射频发射路径。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的射频前端发射方法或权利要求2所述的射频前端发射模块，其特征在于还包括控制单元；
    所述切换单元及各发射通路中的放大单元受到所述控制单元控制。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的射频前端发射方法或射频前端发射模块，其特征在于：
    所述控制单元根据输入射频信号的不同要求，控制与所述射频信号相匹配的发射通路处于导通状态，同时控制余下所有发射通路处于关闭状态。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的射频前端发射方法或权利要求2所述的射频前端发射模块，其特征在于：
    至少一条发射通路用于宽带通信，另外至少一条发射通路用于窄带通信。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的射频前端发射方法或射频前端发射模块，其特征在于：
    用于宽带通信的发射通路包括第一放大单元、第一输出匹配电路、第一切换单元，所述放大单元的输出端通过第一输出匹配电路与第一切换单元相连。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的射频前端发射方法或射频前端发射模块，其 特征在于：
    所述第一切换单元包括至少一个公共端，其中，有一个公共端与所述第一输出匹配电路相连。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的射频前端发射方法或射频前端发射模块，其特征在于：
    所述第一切换单元的输出端与对应的多个射频发射路径相连。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的射频前端发射方法或射频前端发射模块，其特征在于：
    所述第一切换单元的输出端与对应的多个射频接收路径相连。
  10. 如权利要求5所述的射频前端发射方法或射频前端发射模块，其特征在于：
    用于窄带通信的发射通路包括第二放大单元、第二输出匹配电路，所述第二放大单元的输出端与所述第二输出匹配电路相连。
  11. 如权利要求3所述的射频前端发射方法或射频前端发射模块，其特征在于：
    所述控制单元分别与每一条发射通路中的放大单元相连，控制所述放大单元处于导通或关闭状态。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的射频前端发射方法或射频前端发射模块，其特征在于：
    每一条发射通路中的放大单元的输入端与同一个输入匹配电路或多个对应的输入匹配电路相连。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的射频前端发射方法或射频前端发射模块，其特征在于：
    所述同一个输入匹配电路与第二切换单元或至少一个射频信号输入端相连。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的射频前端发射方法或射频前端发射模块，其特征在于：
    所述第二切换单元的输入端与多个对应的射频信号输入端相连。
  15. 如权利要求6或13所述的射频前端发射方法或射频前端发射模块，其特征在于：
    所述控制单元分别与第一切换单元、第二切换单元相连，通过所述 控制单元控制第一切换单元、第二切换单元处于导通或关闭状态，所述控制单元控制第一切换单元选择相应的射频发射路径发射射频信号，所述控制单元还控制第二切换单元选择相应的射频信号输入端接收射频信号。
  16. 如权利要求1所述的射频前端发射方法或权利要求2所述的射频前端发射模块，其特征在于：
    所述放大单元由一级或多级放大电路组成，相邻两级放大电路通过级间匹配电路连接。
  17. 一种集成电路芯片，其特征在于，所述集成电路芯片中包括有权利要求2～16中任意一项所述的射频前端发射模块。
  18. 一种通信终端，其特征在于，所述通信终端中包括有权利要求2～16中任意一项所述的射频前端发射模块。
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