WO2017219521A1 - 一种多支路相变传热系统 - Google Patents

一种多支路相变传热系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017219521A1
WO2017219521A1 PCT/CN2016/099660 CN2016099660W WO2017219521A1 WO 2017219521 A1 WO2017219521 A1 WO 2017219521A1 CN 2016099660 W CN2016099660 W CN 2016099660W WO 2017219521 A1 WO2017219521 A1 WO 2017219521A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
condenser
evaporator
branch
circulation
evaporation
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PCT/CN2016/099660
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
祝长宇
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北京丰联奥睿科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2017219521A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017219521A1/zh

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0266Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/06Control arrangements therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of heat exchange technology, and in particular, to a multi-branch phase change heat transfer system.
  • heat pipes are increasingly used in engineering. Heat pipes are widely used not only in waste heat recovery, electronic component cooling, etc., but also in the field of conventional heat and mass transfer equipment, heat pipes have a tendency to replace circulating water, circulating oil and water vapor. After the ambient temperature is low, the heat pipe can replace the current air conditioning system as a heat-dissipating temperature-control element for electronic equipment, power equipment, computer rooms, and communication equipment rooms.
  • Heat pipes have a variety of structural forms, as well as a variety of classification methods. According to the returning power of the liquid working medium, the heat pipes can be divided into surface tension heat pipes, gravity heat pipes, centrifugal heat pipes, pulsating heat pipes and power heat pipes.
  • the surface tension heat pipe returns the liquid by the surface tension generated by the liquid absorbing core to the liquid;
  • the gravity heat pipe returns the liquid by gravity;
  • the centrifugal heat pipe returns the liquid by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation;
  • the pulsating heat pipe promotes the circulation by the expansion force of the bubble generated by evaporation; common characteristics of the heat pipes
  • a power heat pipe refers to a heat pipe system to which a cyclic driving force is applied. This driving force is usually expressed as a specific type of fluid circulation pump.
  • the basic structure of the power heat pipe includes six parts of the evaporator, the air guiding pipe, the condenser, the liquid circulating pump and the liquid guiding pipe, which are connected to each other to form a closed loop circuit. After vacuuming, the working medium is added to form a complete power heat pipe. . After the power heat pipe works, the circulating pump draws the liquid working medium from the liquid storage tank and sends it to the evaporator.
  • the liquid working medium is heated and evaporated into gas in the evaporator, and the gas working medium enters the condenser through the air guiding tube, and is cooled and condensed in the condenser.
  • the liquid working medium flows back to the liquid storage tank through the liquid guiding tube, thereby completing the heat pipe circulation, and the heat of the same heat flows from the high temperature heat source at the evaporator end to the low temperature heat source at the condenser end.
  • the advantage of the power heat pipe is that it has strong cycle power and is suitable for high-power and long-distance heat transfer.
  • the above-mentioned power heat pipe system must have good gas in order to achieve an ideal working condition. Liquid separation function. If the gas-liquid separation of the working medium in the condenser is insufficient, the gaseous working medium will continuously enter the liquid storage tank and accumulate. This phenomenon will lead to two kinds of results: First, if the total working medium volume of the system is smaller than the volume of the liquid storage tank, the accumulation of the gaseous working medium in the liquid storage tank eventually causes all the gaseous working medium to accumulate in the liquid storage tank.
  • the circulating liquid pump, the liquid guiding tube, the evaporator, the air guiding tube and the condenser flow in a single liquid phase working medium, and the whole system forms a liquid circulation state; in the liquid circulation state, there is no evaporation and condensation process, and the system has no system.
  • the heat pipe heat transfer function and once the liquid circulation state is formed, it cannot be restored to normal under the working state, and only after the machine is shut down and then restarted can the normal state be restored.
  • the circulating pump is usually designed to transport liquids.
  • the inhalation of gas causes a sharp drop in pump pressure, resulting in insufficient circulating power, imbalance of gas-liquid ratio in the circulation loop, and uneven heat distribution.
  • the condenser In order to make the condenser have complete gas-liquid separation function, the condenser usually adopts a large diameter, parallel connection, and vertical pipe structure. This structure has low heat dissipation efficiency and large volume, and cannot meet the requirements of one-to-many users.
  • the current power heat pipe has difficulty in gas-liquid separation, insufficient cycle power, unbalanced gas-liquid ratio in the circulation circuit, uneven heat distribution, and the inability to achieve a one-to-many problem. Because of this, the power heat pipe has not been promoted and applied.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a multi-branch phase change heat transfer system to solve the current problem of gas-liquid separation in the power heat pipe, insufficient circulation power, imbalance of gas-liquid ratio in the circulation loop, uneven heat distribution and
  • the multi-branch phase-change heat transfer system uses a liquid storage tank to connect a plurality of evaporation circulation branches and a plurality of condensation circulation branches to ensure that the phase change heat transfer gas and liquid are sufficiently separated and the circulation circuit gas is The liquid ratio is evenly distributed and the heat is evenly distributed, enabling multi-user, high-power, and long-distance heat transfer.
  • a multi-branch phase change heat transfer system which comprises an evaporation cycle branch (I), an evaporation cycle branch ( ⁇ ) ...
  • the ring branch (I) includes an evaporator one, an evaporator air duct, an evaporator circulating pump, an evaporator liquid guiding tube, and the evaporator circulating branch ( ⁇ ) includes an evaporator 2 and an evaporator air guiding tube.
  • the evaporator circulation pump 2, the evaporator liquid guiding tube 2; the evaporation circulation branch (M) comprises an evaporator M, an evaporator air guiding tube M, an evaporator circulation pump M, an evaporator liquid guiding tube M; the evaporator Circulating pump one, two... M is connected in series to the evaporator catheter one, two ... M, the evaporator catheter one, two ... M input The end is located in the lower part of the working medium liquid level in the liquid storage tank, and is independent of each other, the evaporator air guiding tubes one, two ...
  • the condensing circulation branch (I) includes the condenser one, a condenser liquid guiding tube 1, a condenser circulating pump one, and a condenser air guiding tube;
  • the condensation circulating branch ( ⁇ ) includes the condenser two a condenser liquid conduit 2, a condenser circulation pump 2, a condenser air conduit 2;
  • the condensation circulation branch (N) includes the cold N, the condenser liquid guiding tube N, the condenser circulating pump N, the condenser air guiding tube N;
  • the liquid storage tank is a junction point of the M evaporation circulation branch and the N condensation circulation branch, which takes two cycles The mode is connected to a complete heat pipe cycle;
  • the condenser circulating pumps one, two, ... are respectively connected in series to the condenser liquid guiding tubes one, two ... N, the condenser air guiding tube
  • the input end of N is located at the upper part of the working medium level in the liquid storage tank, and is independent of each other.
  • the output end of the condenser liquid guiding tube is located at the lower part of the working medium liquid level in the liquid storage tank.
  • this heat pipe system works ⁇ , evaporator circulation pump one, two... M respectively draws the liquid working medium from the liquid storage tank and passes through the evaporator liquid guiding tube one or two... M is sent to the evaporator one, two... M, the evaporator one, two... M is in contact with the high temperature heat source, the liquid working medium is in the evaporator one, two; M is heated by a high-temperature heat source to evaporate into a gas, and absorbs heat.
  • the vaporized gas and some non-evaporated liquid are mixed with each other in a high-speed flow to form a gas-liquid two-phase fluid, which flows out of the evaporator through the evaporator air pipe.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase fluid entering the liquid storage tank completes the gas-liquid separation under the action of gravity, thereby completing the evaporation cycle; in the condenser circulation pump one, two ... N suction force
  • the gaseous working medium in the liquid storage tank passes through the condenser air ducts one, two ... N Enter the condenser one, two... N, condenser one, two...
  • N is in contact with the low temperature heat source, the gaseous working medium is in the condenser one, two... N
  • the inside is condensed into a liquid by the cooling of the low-temperature heat source, and the heat is released, and the liquid formed by the condensation and the part of the gas not liquefied are mixed in a high-speed flow to form a gas-liquid two-phase fluid, which are from the condenser one or two... N flows out through the condenser catheter one or two
  • the condensing circulation branch (N) is an independent circulating branch, with independent circulation pumps, and their working operation does not affect each other.
  • the circuit control system described above controls the number and operating states of the evaporator circulating pumps one, two, ... M and the condenser circulating pumps one, two, ... Control the operating state of the heat pipe system, according to the needs of the user, you can start any evaporator circulating pump and any condenser circulating pump, you can start any evaporator circulating pump and multiple condenser circulating pumps, or you can start more One evaporator circulation pump and any one condenser circulation pump realize one-to-one, one-to-many and many-to-one operation modes of the evaporator and the condenser.
  • the above-mentioned condensers one, two, ... N are installed at a higher position than the liquid storage tank, and the condenser of one, more or all of the branches of the condensation circulation branch can be circulated and pumped off. , the condensed liquid is returned to the liquid storage tank (3) under the action of gravity, and the gravity heat pipe working mode is used instead of the dynamic heat pipe working mode.
  • the multi-branch phase change heat transfer system solves the problem that the current power heat pipe has a single user, the gas-liquid separation is difficult, the gas-liquid ratio imbalance of the circulation circuit and the heat distribution are uneven, ⁇ It has the advantages of strong cycle power and controllability, suitable for multi-user, high-power, long-distance heat transfer.
  • This heat pipe system is not only suitable for energy saving in various waste heat utilization, but also replaces circulating water, circulating oil and water vapor heat transfer equipment in the field of traditional heat and mass transfer equipment, and has good energy saving effect. . At lower ambient temperatures, this heat pipe can also replace the current air conditioning system as a heat-dissipating temperature control component for electronic equipment, power equipment, computer rooms, and communication equipment rooms.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a multi-branch phase change heat transfer system.
  • Figure 1 shows a multi-branch phase change heat transfer system, which includes an evaporation cycle branch (I), an evaporation cycle branch ( ⁇ ), an evaporation cycle branch (M), and a condensation cycle branch.
  • Road (I) condensing circulation branch ( ⁇ ) ...
  • the evaporation circulation branch (I) includes evaporator one (21), evaporator air duct one ( 81), evaporator circulation pump one (51), evaporator liquid guiding tube one (91);
  • the evaporation circulation branch ( ⁇ ) includes evaporator two (22), evaporator air guiding tube two (82), evaporator Circulating pump two (52), evaporator catheter two
  • the evaporation circulation branch (M) comprises an evaporator M (2M), an evaporator air duct M (8M), an evaporator circulation pump M (5M), an evaporator liquid guiding tube M (9M);
  • the evaporator circulation pump (51; 52; ...; 5M) is connected in series to the evaporator catheter (91; 92; ...; 9M), and the evaporator catheter ( 91 ; 92; ; — — 9M)
  • the input is located in the lower part of the working medium level in the reservoir (3)
  • the road (I) includes the condenser one (11), the condenser liquid guiding tube one (71), the condenser circulating pump one (41), and the condenser air guiding tube
  • the condensation circulation branch ( ⁇ ) includes the condenser two (12), the condenser liquid guiding tube two (72), the condenser circulating pump two (42), the condenser air guiding tube two (62)
  • the condensation circulation branch (N) includes the condenser N (1N), the condenser liquid conduit N (7N), the condenser circulation pump N (4N), and the condenser air conduit N (6N);
  • the condenser circulation pump (41; 42; ...; 4N) is connected in series to the condenser liquid guiding tube (71; 72; ...; 7N), and the condenser air guiding tube (61; 62; ; —; 6N)
  • the input end is located in the upper part of the working medium level in the liquid storage tank (3), and independent of each other, the condenser liquid guiding tube
  • the output is located in the lower part of the working medium level in the reservoir (3), and the phase Independent of each other;
  • the liquid storage tank (3) is a junction of M evaporation circulation branches and N condensation circulation branches, which connects the two circulation modes into a complete heat pipe cycle;
  • the circuit control system controls evaporation
  • any one of the evaporator circulation pump and any one of the condenser circulation pumps can be started, and any one of the evaporator circulation pumps (51; 5 2; ...; 5M) can be started or Any one or more of a plurality of condenser circulating pumps (41; 42; ...; 4N), that is, an evaporator (21; 22; ...; 2M) and a condenser ( 11; 12;
  • the evaporator circulation pump (51; 52; ...; 5M) separately draws the liquid working medium from the liquid storage tank (3) and through the evaporator liquid guiding tube (91; 92; . ; 9M) sent to the evaporator (21
  • the gas formed by evaporation and a part of the liquid which is not evaporated are mixed with each other in a high-speed flow to form a gas-liquid two-phase fluid which flows out of the evaporator (21; 22; ...; 2M) through the evaporator Air duct
  • the gaseous working medium in the liquid storage tank (3) enters the condenser through the condenser air duct (61; 62; ⁇ . ⁇ ; 6N) respectively (11; 12; ⁇ ; 1N) , condenser (11; 12; ...; 1N) is in contact with a low temperature heat source, the gaseous working medium is in the condenser (11; 12; —

Abstract

一种多支路相变传热系统,包括蒸发循环支路(I-M)、冷凝循环支路(I-N)、储液罐(3)和电路控制系统,其中M与N之间无数量关系;各蒸发循环支路(I-M)和各冷凝循环支路(I-N)分别都是一个独立的循环支路,有独立循环泵,工作运行时互不影响;电路控制系统控制着蒸发器循环泵(51-5M)和冷凝器循环泵(41-4N)的电机开启数量和运转状态,可以实现蒸发器(21-2M)与冷凝器(11-1N)一对一、一对多和多对一的工作模式;这种多支路相变传热系统可以实现多用户、大功率、远距离传输热量,并根据需要调节传热量。

Description

说明书 发明名称:一种多支路相变传热系统
技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于热交换技术领域, 尤其涉及一种多支路相变传热系统。
背景技术
[0002] 热管作为高效传热元件, 在工程中的应用日益普及。 热管不仅在余热回收、 电 子元器件冷却等方面得到广泛的应用, 而且在传统的传热传质设备领域中, 热 管有替代循环水、 循环油和水蒸汽传热的趋势。 在环境温度较低吋, 热管还可 以替代目前的空调系统, 作为电子设备、 电力设备、 计算机房、 通信机房的散 热控温元件。
[0003] 热管有多种结构形式, 也有多种分类方法。 按液体工作介质的回流动力进行分 类, 热管可分为表面张力热管、 重力热管、 离心热管、 脉动热管和动力热管等 几大类。 表面张力热管靠吸液芯对液体产生的表面张力回流液体; 重力热管靠 重力回流液体; 离心热管靠转动产生的离心力回流液体; 脉动热管靠蒸发产生 气泡的膨胀力推动循环; 这些热管的共同特点是热管内部没有运动部件, 其优 点是结构简单, 适合小型化、 微型化, 其缺点是循环动力较弱, 不适合大功率 、 远距离传输热量。
[0004] 动力热管是指外加循环驱动力的热管系统, 这种驱动力通常表现为一种特定形 式的流体循环泵。 动力热管的基本结构包括蒸发器、 导气管、 冷凝器、 储液罐 循环泵和导液管六个部分, 它们相互连接构成一个封闭循环回路, 抽真空后加 入工作介质就构成一个完整的动力热管。 动力热管工作吋, 循环泵从储液罐抽 出液态工作介质送入蒸发器, 液态工作介质在蒸发器内受热蒸发变为气体, 气 体工作介质通过导气管进入冷凝器, 并在冷凝器中冷却凝结成液体, 液体工作 介质再经导液管流回储液罐, 从而完成热管循环, 同吋热量从蒸发器端的高温 热源流向冷凝器端的低温热源。 动力热管的优点是循环动力强大, 适合大功率 、 远距离传输热量。
[0005] 上述动力热管系统要想实现理想的工作状态下, 它的冷凝器必须具有良好的气 液分离功能。 如果在冷凝器中工作介质气液分离不充分, 气体工作介质就会不 断进入储液罐并形成积累。 这种现象会造成两种结果: 一是如果系统中的总气 体工作介质体积小于储液罐容积, 气体工作介质在储液罐中的积累, 最终导致 全部气态工作介质都积累到了储液罐, 这吋循环泵、 导液管、 蒸发器、 导气管 、 冷凝器内流动的是单一液相工作介质, 整个系统形成液体循环状态; 在液体 循环状态下, 没有蒸发和冷凝过程, 系统也就没有了热管传热功能, 而且一旦 形成液体循环状态不能在工作状态下恢复正常, 只有停机再重新幵机才能恢复 正常。 二是如果系统中的总气体工作介质体积大于储液罐容积, 气体工作介质 在储液罐中的积累, 最终导致气态工作介质充满储液罐, 这吋循环泵将吸入气 体, 而动力热管系统的循环泵通常是为输送液体而设计的, 气体的吸入会造成 泵压急剧下降, 从而造成循环动力不足、 循环回路气液比不平衡和热量分配不 均的问题。 为了使冷凝器具有完全的气液分离功能, 冷凝器通常采用直径较大 、 相互并联、 竖立排管结构, 这种结构散热效率较低, 体积较大, 且无法实现 一对多用户的需求。 总之, 目前的动力热管存在气液分离困难、 循环动力不足 、 循环回路气液比不平衡、 热量分配不均和无法实现一对多用户的问题。 正因 为这样, 动力热管并没有得到推广应用。
技术问题
[0006] 本发明的目的是给出一种多支路相变传热系统, 以解决目前动力热管存在气液 分离困难、 循环动力不足、 循环回路气液比不平衡、 热量分配不均和无法实现 一对多用户的问题, 该多支路相变传热系统采用储液罐将多个蒸发循环支路和 多个冷凝循环支路相连接, 确保相变传热气液充分分离、 循环回路气液比平衡 和热量均匀分配, 可进行多用户、 大功率、 远距离传输热量。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0007] 本发明解决技术问题采用如下技术方案:
[0008] 一种多支路相变传热系统, 它包括蒸发循环支路 (I) 、 蒸发循环支路 (Π) ...
…蒸发循环支路 (M) 、 冷凝循环支路 (I) 、 冷凝循环支路 (Π) ......冷凝循环 支路 (N) 、 储液罐和电路控制系统, 其中 M与 N之间无数量关系; 所述蒸发循 环支路 (I) 包括蒸发器一、 蒸发器导气管一、 蒸发器循环泵一、 蒸发器导液管 -; 所述蒸发循环支路 (Π) 包括蒸发器二、 蒸发器导气管二、 蒸发器循环泵二 、 蒸发器导液管二; 所述蒸发循环支路 (M) 包括蒸发器 M、 蒸发器导气管 M、 蒸发器循环泵 M、 蒸发器导液管 M; 所述蒸发器循环泵一、 二 ...... M分别串接在 蒸发器导液管一、 二 ...... M上, 蒸发器导液管一、 二 ...... M的输入端位于储液罐 内工作介质液面的下部, 且相互独立, 蒸发器导气管一、 二 ...... M的输出端位于 储液罐内工作介质液面的上部, 且相互独立; 所述冷凝循环支路 (I) 包括所述 冷凝器一、 冷凝器导液管一、 冷凝器循环泵一、 冷凝器导气管一; 所述冷凝循 环支路 (Π) 包括所述冷凝器二、 冷凝器导液管二、 冷凝器循环泵二、 冷凝器导 气管二; 所述冷凝循环支路 (N) 包括所述冷凝器N、 冷凝器导液管 N、 冷凝器 循环泵 N、 冷凝器导气管 N; 所述储液罐为 M个蒸发循环支路与 N个冷凝循环支 路的接合点, 它把两种循环模式连接为完整的热管循环; 所述冷凝器循环泵一 、 二 ...... N分别串接在冷凝器导液管一、 二 ...... N上, 冷凝器导气管一、 二 ......
N的输入端位于储液罐内工作介质液面的上部, 且相互独立, 冷凝器导液管一、 二 ...... N的输出端位于储液罐内工作介质液面的下部, 且相互独立; 此热管系统 工作吋, 蒸发器循环泵一、 二 ...... M分别把液态工作介质从储液罐吸入并经蒸发 器导液管一、 二 ...... M送至蒸发器一、 二 ...... M, 蒸发器一、 二 ...... M同吋与高 温热源相接触, 液态工作介质在蒸发器一、 二 ...... M内受高温热源的加热而蒸发 为气体, 并吸收热量, 蒸发形成的气体和部分没有蒸发的液体在高速流动中相 互混合形成气液二相流体, 它们从蒸发器流出经蒸发器导气管回到储液罐, 进 入储液罐的气液二相流体在重力作用下完成气液分离, 从而完成蒸发循环; 在 冷凝器循环泵一、 二 ...... N的抽吸力作用下, 储液罐中的气态工作介质分别通过 冷凝器导气管一、 二 ...... N进入冷凝器一、 二 ...... N, 冷凝器一、 二 ...... N同吋 与低温热源相接触, 气态工作介质在冷凝器一、 二 ...... N内受低温热源的冷却而 冷凝为液体, 并放出热量, 冷凝形成的液体和部分没有液化的气体在高速流动 中混合成气液二相流体, 它们从冷凝器一、 二 ...... N流出经冷凝器导液管一、 二
...... N和冷凝器循环泵一、 二 ...... N回到储液罐, 进入储液罐的气液二相流体在 重力作用下完成气液分离, 从而完成冷凝循环; 蒸发循环和冷凝循环同吋进行 , 蒸发循环产生的气体工作介质进入冷凝循环, 冷凝循环产生的液态工作介质 进入蒸发循环, 同吋把热量从蒸发器搬运至冷凝器。
[0009] 以上所述蒸发循环支路 (I) 、 蒸发循环支路 (Π) ......蒸发循环支路 (M) 和 冷凝循环支路 (I) 、 冷凝循环支路 (Π) ......冷凝循环支路 (N) 分别都是一个 独立的循环支路, 有独立循环泵, 其工作运行吋互相不影响。
[0010] 以上所述电路控制系统控制着蒸发器循环泵一、 二 ...... M和冷凝器循环泵一、 二 ...... N的电机幵启数量和运转状态, 从而控制热管系统的运行状态, 根据用户 需要, 可以幵启任意一个蒸发器循环泵和任意一个冷凝器循环泵, 可以幵启任 意一个蒸发器循环泵和多个冷凝器循环泵, 也可以幵启多个蒸发器循环泵和任 意一个冷凝器循环泵, 即实现蒸发器与冷凝器一对一、 一对多和多对一的工作 模式。
[0011] 以上所述冷凝器一、 二 ...... N的安装位置高于储液罐吋, 可将冷凝循环支路中 的一个、 多个或全部支路的冷凝器循环泵去掉, 使冷凝液体在重力的作用下回 流到储液罐 (3) 中, 用重力热管工作模式代替动力热管工作模式。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0012] 本发明给出的多支路相变传热系统, 很好的解决了目前动力热管存在单一用户 、 气液分离困难、 循环回路气液比不平衡和热量分配不均的问题, 同吋具有循 环动力强劲和可控性好的优点, 适合多用户、 大功率、 远距离传输热量。 这种 热管系统, 不仅适合用到各种余热利用的节能领域, 而且在传统的传热传质设 备领域中, 它可替代循环水、 循环油和水蒸汽传热设备, 并具有良好的节能效 果。 在环境温度较低吋, 这种热管还可以替代目前的空调系统, 作为电子设备 、 电力设备、 计算机房、 通信机房的散热控温元件。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0013] 图 1为多支路相变传热系统的实施方式结构示意图。
[0014] 图中: (11) 冷凝器一; (12) 冷凝器二; (1N) 冷凝器 N; (21) 蒸发器一 ; (22) 蒸发器二; (2M) 蒸发器 M; (3) 储液罐; (41) 冷凝器循环泵一; (42) 冷凝器循环泵二; (4N) 冷凝器循环泵 N; (51) 蒸发器循环泵一; (52 ) 蒸发器循环泵二; (5M) 蒸发器循环泵 M; (61) 冷凝器导气管一; (62) 冷凝器导气管二; (6N) 冷凝器导气管 N; (71) 冷凝器导液管一; (72) 冷凝 器导液管二; (7N) 冷凝器导液管 N; (81) 蒸发器导气管一; (82) 蒸发器导 气管二; (8M) 蒸发器导气管 M; (91) 蒸发器导液管一; (92) 蒸发器导液 管二; (9M) 蒸发器导液管 M。
实施该发明的最佳实施例
本发明的最佳实施方式
图 1所示是一种多支路相变传热系统, 它包括蒸发循环支路 (I) 、 蒸发循环支 路 (Π) ......蒸发循环支路 (M) 、 冷凝循环支路 (I) 、 冷凝循环支路 (Π) ...
…冷凝循环支路 (N) 、 储液罐和电路控制系统, 其中 M与 N之间无数量关系; 所述蒸发循环支路 (I) 包括蒸发器一 (21) 、 蒸发器导气管一 (81) 、 蒸发器 循环泵一 (51) 、 蒸发器导液管一 (91) ; 所述蒸发循环支路 (Π) 包括蒸发器 二 (22) 、 蒸发器导气管二 (82) 、 蒸发器循环泵二 (52) 、 蒸发器导液管二
(92) ; 所述蒸发循环支路 (M) 包括蒸发器 M (2M) 、 蒸发器导气管 M (8M ) 、 蒸发器循环泵 M (5M) 、 蒸发器导液管 M (9M) ; 所述蒸发器循环泵 (51 ; 52; ......; 5M) 分别串接在蒸发器导液管 (91 ; 92; ......; 9M) 上, 蒸发器 导液管 (91 ; 92; ......; 9M) 的输入端位于储液罐 (3) 内工作介质液面的下部
, 且相互独立, 蒸发器导气管 (81 ; 82; ......; 8M) 的输出端位于储液罐 (3) 内工作介质液面的上部, 且相互独立; 所述冷凝循环支路 (I) 包括所述冷凝器 一 (11) 、 冷凝器导液管一 (71) 、 冷凝器循环泵一 (41) 、 冷凝器导气管一
(61) ; 所述冷凝循环支路 (Π) 包括所述冷凝器二 (12) 、 冷凝器导液管二 ( 72) 、 冷凝器循环泵二 (42) 、 冷凝器导气管二 (62) ; 所述冷凝循环支路 (N ) 包括所述冷凝器 N (1N) 、 冷凝器导液管 N (7N) 、 冷凝器循环泵 N (4N) 、 冷凝器导气管 N (6N) ; 所述冷凝器循环泵 (41 ; 42; ......; 4N) 分别串接在 冷凝器导液管 (71 ; 72; ......; 7N) 上, 冷凝器导气管 (61 ; 62; ......; 6N) 的输入端位于储液罐 (3) 内工作介质液面的上部, 且相互独立, 冷凝器导液管
(71; 72; ......; 7N) 的输出端位于储液罐 (3) 内工作介质液面的下部, 且相 互独立; 所述储液罐 (3) 为 M个蒸发循环支路与 N个冷凝循环支路的接合点, 它把两种循环模式连接为完整的热管循环; 所述电路控制系统控制着蒸发器循 环泵 (51; 52; ......; 5M) 和冷凝器循环泵 (41; 42; ......; 4N) 的电机幵启 数量和运转状态, 从而控制热管系统的运行状态, 根据用户需要, 可以幵启任 意一个蒸发器循环泵和任意一个冷凝器循环泵, 可以幵启蒸发器循环泵 (51; 5 2; ......; 5M) 中任意一个或多个和冷凝器循环泵 (41; 42; ......; 4N) 中任 意一个或多个, 即实现蒸发器 (21; 22; ......; 2M) 与冷凝器 (11; 12; ......
; 1N) 一对一、 一对多和多对一的工作模式。
当热管系统工作吋, 蒸发器循环泵 (51; 52; ......; 5M) 分别把液态工作介 质从储液罐 (3) 吸入并经蒸发器导液管 (91; 92; ......; 9M) 送至蒸发器 (21
; 22; ......; 2M) , 蒸发器 (21; 22; ......; 2M) 同吋与高温热源相接触, 液 态工作介质在蒸发器 (21; 22; ......; 2M) 内受高温热源的加热而蒸发为气体
, 并吸收热量, 蒸发形成的气体和部分没有蒸发的液体在高速流动中相互混合 形成气液二相流体, 它们从蒸发器 (21; 22; ......; 2M) 流出经蒸发器导气管
(81; 82; ......; 8M) 回到储液罐 (3) , 进入储液罐 (3) 的气液二相流体在 重力作用下完成气液分离, 从而完成蒸发循环; 在冷凝器循环泵 (41; 42; ...
4N) 的抽吸力作用下, 储液罐 (3) 中的气态工作介质分别通过冷凝器导气 管 (61; 62; ·.··.·; 6N) 进入冷凝器 (11; 12; ·.··.·; 1N) , 冷凝器 (11; 12 ; ......; 1N) 同吋与低温热源相接触, 气态工作介质在冷凝器 (11; 12; ......
; 1N) 内受低温热源的冷却而冷凝为液体, 并放出热量, 冷凝形成的液体和部 分没有液化的气体在高速流动中混合成气液二相流体, 它们从冷凝器 (11; 12 ; ......; 1N) 流出经冷凝器导液管 (71; 72; ......; 7N) 和冷凝器循环泵 (41
; 42; ......; 4N) 回到储液罐 (3) , 进入储液罐 (3) 的气液二相流体在重力 作用下完成气液分离, 从而完成冷凝循环; 蒸发循环和冷凝循环同吋进行, 蒸 发循环产生的气体工作介质进入冷凝循环, 冷凝循环产生的液态工作介质进入 蒸发循环, 同吋把热量从蒸发器 (21; 22; ......; 2M) 搬运至冷凝器 (11; 12

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种多支路相变传热系统, 包括蒸发循环支路、 冷凝循环支路、 储液 罐和电路控制系统; 其特征在于, 蒸发循环支路包括蒸发循环支路 (
I) 、 蒸发循环支路 (Π) ......蒸发循环支路 (M) ; 冷凝循环支路包 括冷凝循环支路 (I) 、 冷凝循环支路 (Π) ......冷凝循环支路 (N)
, 其中 M与 N之间无数量关系; 所述蒸发循环支路 (I) 包括蒸发器一
(21) 、 蒸发器导气管一 (81) 、 蒸发器循环泵一 (51) 、 蒸发器导 液管一 (91) ; 所述蒸发循环支路 (Π) 包括蒸发器二 (22) 、 蒸发 器导气管二 (82) 、 蒸发器循环泵二 (52) 、 蒸发器导液管二 (92) ; 所述蒸发循环支路 (M) 包括蒸发器 M (2M) 、 蒸发器导气管 M ( 8M) 、 蒸发器循环泵 M (5M) 、 蒸发器导液管 M (9M) ; 所述冷凝 循环支路 (I) 包括所述冷凝器一 (11) 、 冷凝器导液管一 (71) 、 冷凝器循环泵一 (41) 、 冷凝器导气管一 (61) ; 所述冷凝循环支路
(Π) 包括所述冷凝器二 (12) 、 冷凝器导液管二 (72) 、 冷凝器循 环泵二 (42) 、 冷凝器导气管二 (62) ; 所述冷凝循环支路 (N) 包 括所述冷凝器 N (1N) 、 冷凝器导液管 N (7N) 、 冷凝器循环泵 N ( 4N) 、 冷凝器导气管 N (6N) ; 所述蒸发器导气管 (81 ; 82; ......
; 8M) 、 冷凝器导气管 (61 ; 62; ......; 6N) 和储液罐 (3) 的接 口都位于储液罐 (3) 内的工作介质液面之上处, 且都相互独立; 所 述蒸发器导液管 (91 ; 92; ......; 9M) 、 冷凝器导液管 (71 ; 72;
......; 7N) 和储液罐 (3) 的接口都位于储液罐 (3) 内的工作介质 液面之下处, 且都相互独立; 所述储液罐 (3) 为 M个蒸发循环支路 与 N个冷凝循环支路的接合点, 它把两种循环模式连接为完整的热管 循环。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种多级相变传热系统, 其特征在于, 所述蒸 发循环支路 (I) 、 蒸发循环支路 (Π) ......蒸发循环支路 (M) 和冷 凝循环支路 (I) 、 冷凝循环支路 (Π) ......冷凝循环支路 (N) 分别 都是一个独立的循环支路, 有独立循环泵, 其工作运行吋互相不影响
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种多级相变传热系统, 其特征在于, 所述电 路控制系统控制着蒸发器循环泵 (51 ; 52......5M) 和冷凝器循环泵
(41; 42......4N) 的电机幵启数量和运转状态, 从而控制热管系统 的运行状态, 可以幵启任意一个蒸发器循环泵和任意一个冷凝器循环 泵, 可以幵启任意一个蒸发器循环泵和多个冷凝器循环泵, 也可以幵 启多个蒸发器循环泵和任意一个冷凝器循环泵, 即实现蒸发器 (21 ; 22......2M) 与冷凝器 (11 ; 12......1N) 一对一、 一对多和多对一的 工作模式。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种多级相变传热系统, 其特征在于, 当冷凝 器的安装位置高于储液罐吋, 可将冷凝循环支路中的一个、 多个或全 部支路的冷凝器循环泵去掉, 使冷凝液体在重力的作用下回流到储液 罐 (3) 中。
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