WO2017217954A1 - Perovskite sensitized solar cells constructed on sea foam (meerschaum) contents - Google Patents
Perovskite sensitized solar cells constructed on sea foam (meerschaum) contents Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017217954A1 WO2017217954A1 PCT/TR2017/050266 TR2017050266W WO2017217954A1 WO 2017217954 A1 WO2017217954 A1 WO 2017217954A1 TR 2017050266 W TR2017050266 W TR 2017050266W WO 2017217954 A1 WO2017217954 A1 WO 2017217954A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- perovskite
- meerschaum
- layer
- sea foam
- solar cells
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FZHSXDYFFIMBIB-UHFFFAOYSA-L diiodolead;methanamine Chemical compound NC.I[Pb]I FZHSXDYFFIMBIB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000301 poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/10—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising heterojunctions between organic semiconductors and inorganic semiconductors
- H10K30/15—Sensitised wide-bandgap semiconductor devices, e.g. dye-sensitised TiO2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/50—Organic perovskites; Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites [HOIP], e.g. CH3NH3PbI3
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/50—Photovoltaic [PV] devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Definitions
- Invention is related with the fabrication of reproducible, efficient and stable perovskite solar cells on a natural scaffold layer known as sea foam (Meerschaum) consisting of mostly silisium and magnesium silicate beside consisting of iron, aluminium and chrome oxides and called as sepiolite, kaolinite, bentonite.
- sea foam mostly silisium and magnesium silicate beside consisting of iron, aluminium and chrome oxides and called as sepiolite, kaolinite, bentonite.
- Perovskite solar cells are the most interesting 3rd generation solar cell technology due to their low cost and high efficiency.
- perovskite crystal structure usually methylammonium lead iodide
- Perovskite layer is constructed on a compact n type layer (such as T1O2, ZnO) coated on transparent conductive oxide (generally florine doped tin oxide) supporting layer.
- a hole transport layer (such as spiro-OMETAD, P3HT etc. is coated on perovskite layer to construct heterojunction structure and then a conductive electrode (Au, Ag, etc) is deposited to terminate fabrication of solar cell.
- the excited electron belonging to light absorbing layer is transferred to n type semiconductor and pass through to transparent conductive layer.
- the generated hole is transferred to top electrode and thus a cycle is formed.
- the first structure is called to be "Planar perovskite solar cell” due to planar formation of all layers.
- the second structure consists of a mesoporous layer on compact n layer.
- Mesoporous layer can be obtained with an n type semiconductor as well as an insulating layer such as AI2O3.
- Those types of solar cells are called as "Mesoporous perovskite solar cells”.
- the electrons coming from perovskite layer are transferred via mesoporous structure in case the mesoporous structure is an n type semiconductor. In case an insulating material used as mesoporous layer, electrons flow from perovskite surface to n type compact.
- perovskite solar cells The most important problem of perovskite solar cells is stability and reproducibility. Highly efficient perovskite layer must included big crystals, smooth film surface and good contact between the crystals grains. Randomly formed crystals during perovskite formation lead to dramatic decrease in efficiency. The parameters such as environmental conditions, fabrication technique has a great effect on crystal formation. researchers introduce new methods for reproducible perovskite layer and the research on this topic is ongoing.
- Stability is the other problem. Even if a fine perovskite layer, which means the fabrication of highly efficient solar cell, the stability of solar cell depends on the stability of the crystal forming perovskite layer. Since perovskite crystal is sensitive against to environmental conditions (temperature and moisture etc.), and thus the structure decomposes fastly, the efficiency of solar cells seriously decreases. Although many methods are introduced to increase the stability of cells, the stability is still main problem of this technology.
- FIG. 1 The scheme of Perovskite Solar Cell consisting of a scaffold layer based on sea foam (Meerschaum) structures.
- FIG. 1 Vertical Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of sea foam (Meerschaum) structures. Coated on conductive (FTO) Glass
- perovskite sensitized solar cell forms, conductive electrodes, (1 ), hole transport layer (2), perovskite layer (3), sea foam (Meerschaum) based scaffold layer (4), compact n type semiconductor layer (5) and transparent conductive supporting layer (6).
- perovskite solar cell in the class of mesoporous solar cell structure in perovskite solar cell technology, more efficient and more stable perovskite solar cell is fabricated based on a natural material sea foam (Meerschaum) consisting of mostly silisium and magnesium silicate beside consisting of iron, aluminium and chrome oxides and called as sepiolite, kaolinite, bentonite scaffold layer instead of well-known synthetic materials (T1O2 and AI2O3 etc.) as scaffold layer.
- sea foam Meerschaum
- Sea foam (Meerschaum) whose consistence is described above and will be called as Sea foam (Meerschaum) structures afterwards, are insulating materials and used instead of mesoporous AI2O3 or polymeric scaffold layers.
- the main advantage of Sea foam (Meerschaum) is having larger active surface area than mesoporous AI2O3. According to BET measurements, while AI2O3 has an average 400 m 2 /gr active surface area, active area for Sea foam (Meerschaum) reaches up to 900 m 2 /gr. In this case, the light absorbing perovskite layer can be coated on larger area. Thus more light absorption and more efficiency can be obtained.
- Perovskite solar cell based on Sea foam (Meerschaum) scaffold layer give at least 25% better efficiency than well-known mesoporous (T1O2, AI2O3 etc) perovskite solar cells.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Invention; the scaffold layer is constructed by a natural material Sea foam (Meerschaum) in perovskite solar cells. This natural mesoporous structure/structures having a great active surface area supplies the spreading of light harvesting perovskite layer on a large area and thus highly efficient solar cell is obtained. In addition, it supplies fabrication of reproducible and stable cell by increasing the stability of cell layers.
Description
PEROVSKITE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS CONSTRUCTED ON SEA FOAM
(MEERSCHAUM) CONTENTS TECHNICAL FIELD
Invention; is related with the fabrication of reproducible, efficient and stable perovskite solar cells on a natural scaffold layer known as sea foam (Meerschaum) consisting of mostly silisium and magnesium silicate beside consisting of iron, aluminium and chrome oxides and called as sepiolite, kaolinite, bentonite.
PRIOR ART
Recently, Perovskite solar cells are the most interesting 3rd generation solar cell technology due to their low cost and high efficiency. In this technology, perovskite crystal structure (usually methylammonium lead iodide) used as light absorbing layer. Perovskite layer is constructed on a compact n type layer (such as T1O2, ZnO) coated on transparent conductive oxide (generally florine doped tin oxide) supporting layer. A hole transport layer (such as spiro-OMETAD, P3HT etc. is coated on perovskite layer to construct heterojunction structure and then a conductive electrode (Au, Ag, etc) is deposited to terminate fabrication of solar cell. The excited electron belonging to light absorbing layer is transferred to n type semiconductor and pass through to transparent conductive layer. The generated hole is transferred to top electrode and thus a cycle is formed.
There are two main structure in perovskite solar cells. The first structure is called to be "Planar perovskite solar cell" due to planar formation of all layers. The second structure consists of a mesoporous layer on compact n layer. Mesoporous layer can be obtained with an n type semiconductor as well as an insulating layer such as AI2O3. Those types of solar cells are called as "Mesoporous perovskite solar cells". The electrons coming from perovskite layer are transferred via mesoporous structure in case the mesoporous structure is an n type semiconductor. In case an insulating material used as mesoporous layer, electrons flow from perovskite surface to n type compact.
The most important problem of perovskite solar cells is stability and reproducibility. Highly efficient perovskite layer must included big crystals, smooth film surface and good contact between the crystals grains. Randomly formed crystals during perovskite formation lead to dramatic decrease in efficiency. The parameters such as environmental conditions, fabrication technique has a great effect on crystal formation. Researchers introduce new methods for reproducible perovskite layer and the research on this topic is ongoing.
Stability is the other problem. Even if a fine perovskite layer, which means the fabrication of highly efficient solar cell, the stability of solar cell depends on the stability of the crystal forming perovskite layer. Since perovskite crystal is sensitive against to environmental conditions (temperature and moisture etc.), and thus the structure decomposes fastly, the efficiency of solar cells seriously decreases. Although many methods are introduced to increase the stability of cells, the stability is still main problem of this technology.
DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
Figure 1 . The scheme of Perovskite Solar Cell consisting of a scaffold layer based on sea foam (Meerschaum) structures.
Figure 2. Vertical Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of sea foam (Meerschaum) structures. Coated on conductive (FTO) Glass
Figure 3. Cross-Section Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of sea foam (Meerschaum) structures. Coated on conductive (FTO) Glass
The explanation of the icon numbers in figures are given below.
1 . Conductive Electrodes
2. Hole Transport Layer
3. Perovskite Layer
4. Sea foam (Meerschaum) structures based Scaffold Layer
5. Compact n type Semiconductor
6. Transparent Conductive Supporting Material
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The subject to invention perovskite sensitized solar cell forms, conductive electrodes, (1 ), hole transport layer (2), perovskite layer (3), sea foam (Meerschaum) based scaffold layer (4), compact n type semiconductor layer (5) and transparent conductive supporting layer (6).
Invention, in the class of mesoporous solar cell structure in perovskite solar cell technology, more efficient and more stable perovskite solar cell is fabricated based on a natural material sea foam (Meerschaum) consisting of mostly silisium and magnesium silicate beside consisting of iron, aluminium and chrome oxides and called as sepiolite, kaolinite, bentonite scaffold layer instead of well-known synthetic materials (T1O2 and AI2O3 etc.) as scaffold layer.
Sea foam (Meerschaum) whose consistence is described above and will be called as Sea foam (Meerschaum) structures afterwards, are insulating materials and used instead of mesoporous AI2O3 or polymeric scaffold layers. The main advantage of Sea foam (Meerschaum) is having larger active surface area than mesoporous AI2O3. According to BET measurements, while AI2O3 has an average 400 m2/gr active surface area, active area for Sea foam (Meerschaum) reaches up to 900 m2/gr. In this case, the light absorbing perovskite layer can be coated on larger area. Thus more light absorption and more efficiency can be obtained. The fiber structure as well as porous feature of Sea foam (Meerschaum) lead more light transparency and thus give a transparent feature beside natural native. This feature lead the better exposing perovskite layer to most of photons and prevent the light absorption by scaffold layer which decreases the efficiency of solar cell
Perovskite solar cell based on Sea foam (Meerschaum) scaffold layer give at least 25% better efficiency than well-known mesoporous (T1O2, AI2O3 etc) perovskite solar cells.
Beside the increase in power conversion efficiency, reproducibility increases as well when Sea foam (Meerschaum) (4) is used as scaffold layer.
Obtained mesoporous structure lead the formation of fine crystals at surfaces resulting in 80% reproducible solar cell fabrication.
Another problem described as stability and lifetime is seriously improved by using Sea foam (Meerschaum) as scaffold layer. The scaffold layer obtained from Sea foam (Meerschaum) adsorb the water molecules and thus prevent the interaction between water and perovskite layer resulting longer lifetime of active perovskite layer. The dessicant feature of Sea foam (Meerschaum) adsorb the water before reacting with active perovskite layer leading an increase in stability. Moreover, beside the thermal stability, the thermal isolation feature of Sea foam (Meerschaum) play role in improvement of stability.
Claims
1. It is a perovskite sensitized solar cell and its characterized by using of Sea foam (Meerschaum) as scaffold layer instead of synthetic mesoporous structures such as T1O2 and AI2O3.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TR2016/08131 | 2016-06-15 | ||
TR2016/08131A TR201608131A2 (en) | 2016-06-15 | 2016-06-15 | NEW PEROVSKYTE SENSITIVE SOLAR CELL BUILT ON MEERSERSITE COMPONENTS |
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WO2017217954A1 true WO2017217954A1 (en) | 2017-12-21 |
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PCT/TR2017/050266 WO2017217954A1 (en) | 2016-06-15 | 2017-06-15 | Perovskite sensitized solar cells constructed on sea foam (meerschaum) contents |
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WO (1) | WO2017217954A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013171517A1 (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2013-11-21 | Isis Innovation Limited | Optoelectronic devices with organometal perovskites with mixed anions |
WO2015200204A1 (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2015-12-30 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Photovoltaic modules comprising organoclay |
WO2016126211A1 (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2016-08-11 | Nanyang Technological University | Gel, method of forming the same, photovoltaic device and method of forming the same |
-
2016
- 2016-06-15 TR TR2016/08131A patent/TR201608131A2/en unknown
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2017
- 2017-06-15 WO PCT/TR2017/050266 patent/WO2017217954A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013171517A1 (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2013-11-21 | Isis Innovation Limited | Optoelectronic devices with organometal perovskites with mixed anions |
WO2015200204A1 (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2015-12-30 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Photovoltaic modules comprising organoclay |
WO2016126211A1 (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2016-08-11 | Nanyang Technological University | Gel, method of forming the same, photovoltaic device and method of forming the same |
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TR201608131A2 (en) | 2016-08-22 |
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