WO2017215411A1

WO2017215411A1 - Self-adaptive equalization method and device, and equalizer

Info

Publication number: WO2017215411A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/085434
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王卫明; 周伟勤; 蔡轶
Original assignee: 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority date: 2016-06-13
Filing date: 2017-05-23
Publication date: 2017-12-21
Also published as: CN107493247A; CN107493247B

Abstract

Provided are a self-adaptive equalization method and device, and an equalizer, which relate to the field of communications. The self-adaptive equalization method comprises: acquiring frame positioning information about polarization state data output by an equalizer and a tap coefficient updated after blind equalization processing; according to the frame positioning information and performance information about the equalizer, determining a current operating state of the equalizer; according to the current operating state of the equalizer and the tap coefficient updated after blind equalization processing, correspondingly adjusting the tap coefficient or a leakage factor in blind equalization processing; and according to the adjusted tap coefficient or leakage factor, performing self-adaptive convergence until the equalizer operates stably in a stable state. The solution of the disclosure solves the problem in an existing technical solution that the efficient and stable operation of a self-adaptive equalizer cannot be realized during a convergence process.

Description

Adaptive equalization method, device and equalizer

Technical field

The present disclosure relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to an adaptive equalization method, apparatus, and equalizer.

Background technique

Generally in communication systems, an equalizer is required to compensate for loss of symbol crosstalk in the channel for transmitted data. Equalizers often use adaptive blind equalization, using data characteristics, equalizer adaptive tracking and compensation channel changes and losses, because of the simple structure, does not occupy the data bandwidth, it is a common way of communication system equalizer . However, in the process of convergence, the blind equalization algorithm has a certain probability to converge to a non-optimal state, that is, to enter the metastable state.

In particular, for high-speed optical transmission systems, coherent receivers need to compensate for various impairments in the optical channel, such as Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD), Chromatic Dispersion (CD), and Polarization Dependent. Loss, PDL), etc. The adaptive equalizer adaptively tracks channel characteristics through digital signal processing (DSP) to compensate for various impairments in the channel.

Coherent receivers mainly include dispersion compensation, clock synchronization, adaptive equalization, frequency offset estimation, phase offset estimation and frame alignment. The schematic diagram is shown in Figure 1. The function of dispersion compensation is to compensate the chromatic dispersion in the channel. The function of clock recovery is to solve the clock synchronization problem between the transmitter and the receiver. The function of adaptive equalization is to compensate the PMD, residual CD, PDL and polarization mode. The function of frequency offset estimation and phase offset estimation is to correct the frequency and phase deviation between the transmitting laser and the local oscillator laser. The function of frame positioning is to find the system frame header and use it to extract system information.

Adaptive equalizers play a very important role in coherent receivers. Generally, it is composed of a number of finite impulse response (FIR) filters and a blind equalization algorithm for generating coefficients required for FIR calculation, such as a Common Modulus Algorithm (CMA). Since there is no channel training process, the initial value of the filter is widely set in the application to a mode where the tap center position is 1, the other tap positions are 0, and since the tap of the filter is also limited in practice, the filter is In the process of convergence, the blind equalization algorithm does not necessarily converge the coefficients to the full The optimal solution of the local office will fall to the local optimal solution with a certain probability, and it will enter the metastable state. The module behind the equalizer, such as the frame positioning module, cannot work normally, resulting in abnormal system operation.

Aiming at the problem that the blind equalization algorithm converges to the local solution, there are foreign literatures and patents that use the fractional interval (FS, Fractionally Spaced) blind equalization algorithm, the cross correlation algorithm (Cross Correlation) and the leakage factor constant modulus algorithm ( L-CMA, Leaky Constant Modulus Algorithm) These three most representative solutions. The main idea of the FS blind equalization algorithm is to improve the sampling interval of the data, and use the sampled data at the time of the data symbol period to jointly optimize the cost function of the blind equalization algorithm. This approach is not effective for optical transmission systems with limited sampling rates. The basic idea of the equalization algorithm with cross-correlation terms is that the cost function contains a cross-correlation term in addition to the constant modulus term to resist cross-code crosstalk and multi-user crosstalk, but involves the inversion of the matrix and all extreme points. Search, the amount of calculation is large. The cost function of L-CMA algorithm adds a small amount of leakage term to the optimal solution based on the constant modulus term, but the stability of the equalizer is greatly affected by the selection of the leakage factor. In practice, the effect is not good.

As a special case of metastable state, the two outputs of the equalizer converge to a polarization state, also called singularity. When entering this state, the equalizer will remain in this special metastable state. on. For detecting the metastable state of the equalizer entering the singularity, the general approach is to use the characteristics of the equalizer coefficients, such as the Jones value of the coefficient matrix or some characteristics of the coefficient time domain (frequency domain), but these methods The disadvantage is that these feature values have a large dynamic range in different system scenarios, so it is difficult to distinguish the singularity state in all application scenarios with a set value. Therefore, the equalizer needs to rely on a more stable judgment standard to complete the judgment of this special metastable state.

In addition, when the system's PMD damage reaches a maximum, close to the limit that the equalizer can resist, the equalizer can reach a stable state after convergence. However, at this time, the main energy of the coefficient converges at the boundary of the tap with a large probability, which will affect the performance of the equalizer to some extent. If there is less jitter in the system, the equalizer coefficients may shift out of the range of the coefficient taps and enter the metastable state.

Therefore, in the current technical solution, the adaptive equalizer cannot be efficiently operated stably in the convergence process.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present disclosure to provide an adaptive equalization method, apparatus, and equalizer that utilizes tap coefficients to achieve an efficient and stable operation of the equalizer in steady state.

To achieve the above objective, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an adaptive equalization method, including:

Obtaining frame positioning information of polarization state data output by the equalizer and updated tap coefficients after blind equalization processing;

Determining a current working state of the equalizer according to the frame positioning information and performance information of the equalizer;

Adjusting the tap coefficient in the tap coefficient or the blind equalization process according to the current working state of the equalizer and the tap coefficient updated after the blind equalization processing;

Adaptive convergence is performed according to the adjusted tap coefficient or leakage factor until the equalizer reaches stable operation in a steady state.

The step of determining the current working state of the equalizer according to the frame positioning information and the performance information of the equalizer includes:

Obtaining a first comparison result according to the frame positioning information and a preset first threshold value;

Obtaining a second comparison result according to the polarization state data output by the equalizer, the convergence expected data, and a preset second threshold value;

Obtaining a third comparison result according to a symbol rate of the equalizer, a symbol rate of the frame positioning device, and a preset third threshold;

And determining, according to the first comparison result, the second comparison result, and the third comparison result, a current working state of the equalizer.

The step of obtaining the first comparison result according to the frame positioning information and the preset first threshold value includes:

And analyzing the output first polarization state data and the second polarization state data according to the frame positioning information to obtain an actual delay value between the first polarization state data and the second polarization state data;

Comparing the actual delay value with the first threshold value to obtain a first comparison result.

The step of obtaining the second comparison result according to the polarization state data, the convergence expected data, and the preset second threshold value output by the equalizer includes:

Counting an error characteristic value between the polarization state data output by the equalizer and the convergence expected data;

Comparing the error characteristic value with the second threshold value to obtain a second comparison result.

The step of obtaining a third comparison result according to the symbol rate of the equalizer, the symbol rate of the frame positioning device, and the preset third threshold value includes:

Obtaining a ratio ratio_symbol of a symbol rate of the frame positioning device and a symbol rate of the equalizer;

Through formula

Obtaining a maximum delay value max_sym_skew between the polarization states that the equalizer can compensate, wherein M is the number of filter taps in the equalizer;

Comparing the maximum delay value with the third threshold value to obtain a third comparison result.

The step of determining the current working state of the equalizer according to the first comparison result, the second comparison result, and the third comparison result includes:

When the first comparison result indicates that the actual delay value is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, and the second comparison result indicates that the error feature value is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, Determining that the current working state of the equalizer is a first meta-stable state;

And when the first comparison result indicates that the actual delay value is less than the first threshold value or the second comparison result indicates that the error feature value is smaller than the second threshold value, according to the frame positioning The information determines whether the output polarization state data converges to the same polarization state;

If the polarization state data converges to the same polarization state, determining that the current working state of the equalizer is a second metastable state;

If the polarization state data converges to a different polarization state, and the third comparison result indicates that the actual delay value is less than or equal to the maximum delay value, the actual delay value is greater than or equal to the third gate When the limit is determined, determining that the current working state of the equalizer is a boundary stable state;

If the polarization state data is in a different polarization state, and the third comparison result indicates that the actual delay value is less than the third threshold value, determining that the current working state of the equalizer is a steady state.

The step of adjusting the tap coefficient or the leakage factor in the blind equalization process according to the current working state of the equalizer and the tap coefficient updated after the blind equalization processing includes:

Obtaining energy distribution information of the tap coefficients updated after the blind equalization process when the current working state of the equalizer is the first meta-stable state;

If the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state on the first side of the tap center position is greater than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, the tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state is smaller than the total value of the first side of the tap center position. The total value of the second side of the tap center position, the first polarization state tap coefficient in the tap coefficient The number moves N samples to the second side, and the second polarization state tap coefficients move N samples to the first side;

If the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state on the first side of the tap center position is smaller than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state on the first side of the tap center position is greater than The total value of the second side of the tap center position, the first polarization state tap coefficient of the tap coefficient is shifted to the first side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficient is moved to the second side by N samples;

If the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state on the first side of the tap center position is greater than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, the tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state is greater than the total value of the first side of the tap center position. At a total value of the second side of the center position of the tap, obtaining a first total energy of the tap coefficients of the first polarization state and a second total energy of the tap coefficients of the second polarization state, wherein the first total energy is greater than or equal to When the second total energy is described, the first polarization state tap coefficients in the tap coefficients are shifted to the second side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficients are moved to the first side by N samples; When the energy is less than the second total energy, the first polarization state tap coefficient in the tap coefficient is shifted to the first side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficient is moved to the second side by N samples;

If the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state on the first side of the tap center position is smaller than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, the tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state is smaller than the total value of the first side of the tap center position. At a total value of the second side of the center position of the tap, obtaining a first total energy of the tap coefficients of the first polarization state and a second total energy of the tap coefficients of the second polarization state, wherein the first total energy is greater than or equal to When the second total energy is described, the first polarization state tap coefficients in the tap coefficients are shifted to the first side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficients are moved to the second side by N samples; When the energy is less than the second total energy, the first polarization state tap coefficient of the tap coefficient is shifted to the second side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficient is moved to the first side by N samples; wherein, N The integer ratio of the ratio of the symbol rates of the equalizer and the frame locating device.

Obtaining, when the current working state of the equalizer is the second metastable state, acquiring a first total energy of the tap coefficients of the first polarization state and a second total energy of the tap coefficients of the second polarization state after the blind equalization process;

If the first total energy is greater than or equal to the second total energy, the tap coefficients of the first polarization state are subjected to Jones change and then corresponding to the tap coefficients assigned to the second polarization state;

If the first total energy is less than the second total energy, the tap coefficients of the second polarization state are subjected to Jones variation and then corresponding to the tap coefficients assigned to the first polarization state.

Obtaining energy distribution information of the tap coefficients updated after the blind equalization process when the current working state of the equalizer is a boundary stable state;

According to the energy distribution information, if it is determined that the tap coefficient energy concentration region of the first polarization state is on the first side of the tap coefficient energy concentration region of the second polarization state, the first polarization state tap coefficient of the tap coefficient is second. Moving Q samples side, the second polarization state tap coefficient moves Q samples to the first side; if it is determined that the tap coefficient energy concentration region of the first polarization state is on the second side of the tap coefficient energy concentration region of the second polarization state Transmitting the first polarization state tap coefficients of the tap coefficients to the first side by Q samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficients moving the Q samples to the second side; wherein Q is the equalizer and the frame positioning device The ratio of the symbol rate is an integer multiple.

When the current working state of the equalizer is a steady state, a new leakage factor is configured, the leakage factor is less than an initial leakage factor, and the difference between the leakage factor and the initial leakage factor is a preset threshold.

To achieve the above objective, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an adaptive equalization apparatus, including:

Obtaining a module, configured to obtain frame positioning information of polarization state data output by the equalizer and a tap coefficient updated after blind equalization processing;

a determining module, configured to determine a current working state of the equalizer according to the frame positioning information and the performance information of the equalizer;

The adjusting module is configured to adjust the tap coefficient or the leakage factor in the blind equalization process according to the current working state of the equalizer and the tap coefficient updated after the blind equalization processing;

The processing module is configured to perform adaptive convergence according to the adjusted tap coefficient or leakage factor until the equalizer reaches stable operation in a steady state.

The determining module includes:

The first processing submodule is configured to obtain a first comparison result according to the frame positioning information and a preset first threshold value;

a second processing submodule, configured to obtain a second comparison result according to the polarization state data output by the equalizer, the convergence expected data, and a preset second threshold value;

a third processing submodule, configured to obtain a third comparison result according to a symbol rate of the equalizer, a symbol rate of the frame positioning device, and a preset third threshold;

The determining submodule is configured to determine a current working state of the equalizer according to the first comparison result, the second comparison result, and the third comparison result.

The first processing submodule includes:

a first processing unit, configured to analyze the output first polarization state data and second polarization state data according to the frame positioning information, to obtain an actual delay value between the first polarization state data and the second polarization state data;

The first comparing unit is configured to compare the actual delay value with the first threshold value to obtain a first comparison result.

The second processing submodule includes:

a statistical unit configured to count an error characteristic value between the polarization state data output by the equalizer and the convergence expected data;

The second comparing unit is configured to compare the error characteristic value with the second threshold value to obtain a second comparison result.

The third processing submodule includes:

An obtaining unit, configured to obtain a ratio ratio_symbol of a symbol rate of the frame positioning device and a symbol rate of the equalizer;

Second processing unit, set to pass the formula

The third comparing unit is configured to compare the maximum delay value with the third threshold value to obtain a third comparison result.

The determining submodule includes:

a first determining unit, configured to indicate, in the first comparison result, that the actual delay value is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, and the second comparison result indicates that the error feature value is greater than or equal to Determining, by the second threshold, a current working state of the equalizer as a first meta-stable state;

a second determining unit, configured to indicate, at the first comparison result, that the actual delay value is less than the When the first threshold value or the second comparison result indicates that the error feature value is smaller than the second threshold value, determining whether the output polarization state data converges to the same polarization state according to the frame positioning information;

a third determining unit, configured to determine that the current working state of the equalizer is a second meta-stable state if the polarization state data converges to the same polarization state;

a fourth determining unit, configured to: if the polarization state data converges to a different polarization state, and the third comparison result indicates that the actual delay value is less than or equal to the maximum delay value, the actual delay value is greater than Or equal to the third threshold, determining that the current working state of the equalizer is a boundary stable state;

a fifth determining unit, configured to determine a current state of the equalizer if the polarization state data is a different polarization state, and the third comparison result indicates that the actual delay value is less than the third threshold value The working state is steady state.

The adjustment module includes:

The first obtaining submodule is configured to acquire energy distribution information of the tap coefficients updated after the blind equalization processing when the current working state of the equalizer is the first meta-stable state;

The first adjustment submodule is configured to: if the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state is greater than the total value of the second side of the tap center position on the first side of the tap center position, and the tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state is at the center of the tap The total value of the first side of the position is smaller than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, and the first polarization state tap coefficient of the tap coefficient is shifted to the second side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficient is first. Move N samples on the side;

a second adjustment submodule configured to set a tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state to a total value of a first side of the tap center position to be smaller than a total value of the second side of the tap center position, and a tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state at the center of the tap The total value of the first side of the position is greater than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, and the first polarization state tap coefficient of the tap coefficient is shifted to the first side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficient is second. Move N samples on the side;

The third adjustment submodule is configured to: if the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state is greater than the total value of the second side of the tap center position on the first side of the tap center position, and the tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state is at the center of the tap Obtaining a total value of the first side of the position greater than a total value of the second side of the tap center position, obtaining a first total energy of the tap coefficients of the first polarization state and a second total energy of the tap coefficients of the second polarization state, When the first total energy is greater than or equal to the second total energy, the first polarization state tap coefficient in the tap coefficient Moving the N samples to the second side, the second polarization state tap coefficients moving N samples to the first side; and when the first total energy is less than the second total energy, the first of the tap coefficients The polarization state tap coefficient moves N samples to the first side, and the second polarization state tap coefficient moves N samples to the second side;

The fourth adjusting submodule is configured to set the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state to a total value of the first side of the tap center position to be smaller than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, and the tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state is at the center of the tap Obtaining a total value of the first side of the position less than a total value of the second side of the tap center position, acquiring a first total energy of the tap coefficients of the first polarization state and a second total energy of the tap coefficients of the second polarization state, When the first total energy is greater than or equal to the second total energy, the first polarization state tap coefficient in the tap coefficient is shifted to the first side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficient is moved to the second side by N samples. a point; when the first total energy is less than the second total energy, moving a first polarization state tap coefficient of the tap coefficients to the second side by N samples, and moving the second polarization state tap coefficient to the first side N samples; wherein N is an integer multiple of the ratio of the symbol rates of the equalizer and the frame locating device.

The adjustment module includes:

a second obtaining submodule, configured to acquire a first total energy and a second polarization state of the tap coefficients of the first polarization state updated after the blind equalization process when the current working state of the equalizer is the second metastable state The second total energy of the tap coefficient;

a fifth adjustment submodule, configured to: if the first total energy is greater than or equal to the second total energy, perform a Jones variation on the tap coefficient of the first polarization state, and then assign a tap coefficient to the second polarization state;

The sixth adjustment submodule is configured to: if the first total energy is less than the second total energy, perform a Jones variation on the tap coefficient of the second polarization state, and then assign a tap coefficient assigned to the first polarization state.

The adjustment module includes:

a third obtaining submodule, configured to acquire energy distribution information of the tap coefficients updated after the blind equalization processing when the current working state of the equalizer is a boundary stable state;

a seventh adjustment submodule, configured to determine, according to the energy distribution information, if the tap coefficient energy concentration region of the first polarization state is on the first side of the tap coefficient energy concentration region of the second polarization state, the first of the tap coefficients a polarization state tap coefficient moves Q samples to the second side, and a second polarization state tap coefficient moves Q samples to the first side; if the tap coefficient of the first polarization state is determined to be in the second polarization state The second side of the coefficient energy concentration region, the first polarization state of the tap coefficients is pumped The head coefficient moves Q samples to the first side, and the second polarization state tap coefficients move Q samples to the second side; wherein Q is an integer multiple of the ratio of the symbol rates of the equalizer and the frame positioning device.

The adjustment module includes:

An eighth adjustment submodule is configured to configure a new leakage factor when the current working state of the equalizer is a steady state, the leakage factor is less than an initial leakage factor, and the difference between the leakage factor and the initial leakage factor is Preset threshold.

Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide an equalizer that includes an adaptive equalization device as described above.

Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a storage medium including a stored program, wherein the adaptive balancing method described above is executed while the program is running.

The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions of the present disclosure are as follows:

The adaptive equalization method of the embodiment of the present disclosure acquires frame positioning information of the output polarization state data and updated tap coefficients after the blind equalization process in the convergence process after the tap coefficient initialization is completed, and uses the frame positioning information and the equalizer. The relevant performance information determines the current working state of the equalizer itself, and combines the obtained tap coefficients updated after the blind equalization processing, correspondingly adjusts the tap coefficient or the leakage factor in the blind equalization processing, and the equalizer according to the adjusted tap coefficient Or leakage factor, continue to adaptive convergence until it is adjusted to stable operation under steady state, achieving better convergence and effective use of tap coefficients.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coherent receiver in the related art;

2 is a schematic flow chart of steps of an adaptive equalization method of an alternative embodiment;

3 is a schematic diagram of an adaptive equalizer;

4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of an adaptive equalization method of an alternative embodiment;

5 is a schematic flow chart of steps of an adaptive equalization method in an alternative embodiment;

6 is a schematic diagram of an application of an adaptive equalization method of an alternative embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive equalization apparatus of an alternative embodiment.

detailed description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present disclosure more clear, the following will be combined The drawings and alternative embodiments are described in detail.

The present disclosure is directed to the related technical solution, the adaptive equalizer cannot achieve the problem of stable operation in the convergence process efficiently, and provides an adaptive equalization method, device and equalizer, and uses the adjustment of the tap coefficients to realize the steady state of the equalizer. Work more efficiently and steadily.

As shown in FIG. 2, an adaptive equalization method according to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure includes:

Step 101: Obtain frame positioning information of polarization state data output by the equalizer and tap coefficients updated after blind equalization processing.

The equalizer is shown in Figure 3. The adaptive blind equalization algorithm calculates the coefficients required by the FIR filter and performs filtering. To describe the method of an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, the mathematical expression of the FIR filter in the adaptive equalizer is as follows:

Where M is the number of FIR filter taps. c _xh (m), c _xv (m), c _yh (m), and c _yv (m) are generated by a blind equalization process such as CMA. As shown in FIG. 3, c _xh (m) represents input H mapped to the X-polarization state. The tap coefficient, c _xv (m) represents the tap coefficient of the input V mapped to the X polarization state, c _yh (m) represents the tap coefficient of the input H map to the Y polarization state, and c _yv (m) represents the input V map to the Y polarization The tap coefficient of the state. At initialization, the tap coefficients are set to:

After the initialization is completed, the equalizer starts adaptive convergence based on the initialized tap coefficients and outputs the polarization state data. As shown in FIG. 1 , the coherent receiver further includes a frame positioning device for performing frame positioning on the polarization state data after the frequency offset compensation and the phase offset compensation. The frame positioning information in this step is obtained after the current output polarization state data is framed by the frame positioning device.

In the convergence process, the blind equalization process updates the tap coefficients as follows:

c(n+1)=(1-leg_fac)×c(n)+△c(n+1)

Where leg_fac is the leakage factor of blind equalization processing, c(n+1) is the tap coefficient at time n+1, c(n) is the tap coefficient at time n, and Δc(n+1) is updated at time n+1 The amount of coefficient.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the frame positioning information and the updated tap coefficients can be acquired directly by the frame positioning device and the blind equalization coefficient update.

Step 102: Determine a current working state of the equalizer according to the frame positioning information and the performance information of the equalizer.

In this step, by using the frame positioning information acquired in step 101 and the related performance information of the equalizer for comprehensive analysis, the current working state of the equalizer can be determined.

Step 103: Adjust the tap coefficient or the leakage factor in the blind equalization process according to the current working state of the equalizer and the tap coefficient updated after the blind equalization process.

In this step, after determining the current working state, the drawer coefficient updated after the blind equalization process is combined, as shown in FIG. 4, the tap coefficient in the tap coefficient or the blind equalization process is adjusted correspondingly.

Step 104: Perform adaptive convergence according to the adjusted tap coefficient or leakage factor until the equalizer reaches stable operation in a steady state.

In this step, the equalizer performs adaptive convergence according to the adjusted tap coefficient or leakage factor until the equalizer reaches stable operation in a stable state.

The method of the optional embodiment of the present disclosure obtains frame positioning information of the output polarization state data and updated tap coefficients after the blind equalization process in the convergence process after the equalizer tap coefficient initialization is completed, and uses the frame positioning information and the equalizer. Correlation performance information is used to determine the current working state of the equalizer, and the tap coefficients updated after the blind equalization processing is obtained, correspondingly adjusting the tap coefficient or the leakage factor in the blind equalization processing, and the equalizer is based on the adjusted tap coefficient or The leakage factor continues adaptive convergence until it is adjusted to work stably in a stable state, achieving better convergence and efficient use of tap coefficients.

Since the output polarization state data has different frame identifiers in different paths (I/Q paths) of different polarization states (X/Y polarization states), the frame positioning information obtained by frame positioning can distinguish XI/XQ/ The YI/YQ polarization state, combined with the relevant performance information of the equalizer, can determine the current working state of the equalizer. As shown in FIG. 5, step 102 includes:

Step 1021: Obtain a first comparison result according to the frame positioning information and a preset first threshold.

Step 1022: Obtain a second comparison result according to the polarization state data, the convergence expected data, and the preset second threshold value output by the equalizer.

Step 1023: Obtain a third comparison result according to a symbol rate of the equalizer, a symbol rate of the frame positioning device, and a preset third threshold.

Step 1024: Determine a current working state of the equalizer according to the first comparison result, the second comparison result, and the third comparison result.

The equalizer presets a plurality of threshold values. As shown in steps 1021-1024, the different comparison data are compared with the corresponding thresholds to obtain respective comparison results, and the current working state of the equalizer is finally determined according to the comparison result.

Wherein, step 1021 includes:

Step 10211: Analyze the output first polarization state data and the second polarization state data according to the frame positioning information to obtain an actual delay value between the first polarization state data and the second polarization state data.

In an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, the first polarization state is an X polarization state, and the second polarization state is a Y polarization state. Usually, the polarization state data of the synchronous input equalizer is processed by the equalizer, and a time difference is generated between the corresponding output data, that is, there is a delay between the output X polarization state data and the Y polarization state data.

In this step, using the frame positioning information, according to the synchronization information of the X/Y polarization state determined by the frame positioning device (the data of the synchronous input, the output is not synchronized), the analysis can determine the first polarization state data and the second polarization state data. The actual delay value between xy_skew.

Step 1012: Compare the actual delay value with the first threshold value to obtain a first comparison result.

Through the above steps 10211 and 10212, comparing xy_skew with the first threshold value thr1_skew, the first comparison result is obtained.

The step 1022 of obtaining the second comparison result includes:

Step 10221: Calculate an error characteristic value between the polarization state data output by the equalizer and the convergence expected data.

The second comparison result is mainly for judging the judgment of the current working state and the judgment of the output error with the first comparison result. In this step, the error eigenvalue between the polarization state data output by the equalizer and the convergence expected data is counted. The error eigenvalues may be selected from the types of statistics of the two types of data, such as mean square error (MSE, Mean Square Error) or minimum mean square error (MMSE, Minimum Mean Square Error).

Step 10221, comparing the error characteristic value with the second threshold value to obtain a second comparison result.

Through the above steps 10221 and 10222, the error characteristic value is compared with the second threshold value thr_mse, that is, the second comparison result is obtained.

The step 1023 of obtaining a third comparison result includes:

Step 10231: Obtain a ratio ratio_symbol of a symbol rate of the frame positioning device and a symbol rate of the equalizer.

In this step, the ratio ratio_symbol of the symbol rate between the frame locating device and the equalizer is first obtained.

Step 10232, passing the formula

Obtaining a maximum delay value max_sym_skew between polarization states that the equalizer can compensate, wherein M is the number of filter taps in the equalizer.

In this step, the ratio_symbol obtained in step 10231 and the number of taps of the equalizer FIR filter are brought into the formula.

In the middle, you can get the maximum delay value max_sym_skew. And in the formula

For the rounding operation, the actual operation result of M/ratio_symbol is 4.3, and the max_sym_skew=5 is rounded up.

Step 10233: Compare the maximum delay value with the third threshold value to obtain a third comparison result.

Through the above steps 10231-10233, the maximum delay value is compared with the third threshold value thr3_skew, that is, the third comparison result is obtained.

Among them, it is necessary to know that the preset three thresholds are all supported by the support register, and can be configured by the actual situation, to obtain a better comparison result, and more accurately determine the current working state of the equalizer. For example, thr1_skew often takes values in the preset range around max_sym_skew; thr_mse generally selects slightly larger than the corresponding normal error feature value according to the type of the selected error feature value; thr3_skew is smaller than max_sym_skew and thr1_skew.

Then, according to the first comparison result, the second comparison result, and the third comparison result, the step 1024 of determining the current working state of the equalizer includes:

Step 1041, the first comparison result indicates that the actual delay value is greater than or equal to the first threshold, and the second comparison result indicates that the error feature value is greater than or equal to the second threshold. When the value is determined, the current working state of the equalizer is determined to be a first meta-stable state.

In general, since there is no channel training process, the tap of the FIR filter is limited in practice, so in the process of filter convergence, the blind equalization algorithm does not necessarily converge the tap coefficients to the global optimal solution. , the probability will fall to the local optimal solution. At this time, the equalizer will stay in this first metastable state, but the information from the monitoring equalizer cannot accurately distinguish this metastable state and stability. The difference between the states, so the first comparison result and the second comparison result obtained by the frame positioning information and the performance information of the equalizer are used to determine whether the equalizer is in the first meta-stable state.

In this step, when the first comparison result and the second comparison result indicate xy_skew≥thr1_skew, and the error feature value>thr_mse, it may be determined that the current working state of the equalizer is the first meta-stable state. Of course, when the value of the selected thr1_skew is sufficiently large within the range satisfying the condition, the current working state can be determined to be the first meta-stable state only by xy_skew≥thr1_skew.

Step 1042, when the first comparison result indicates that the actual delay value is less than the first threshold value or the second comparison result indicates that the error feature value is smaller than the second threshold value, The frame positioning information determines whether the output polarization state data converges to the same polarization state.

In this step, when the first comparison result is xy_skew<thr1_skew, or the second comparison result is the error feature value <thr_mse, it is further determined whether the output polarization state data converges to the same polarization state according to the frame positioning information.

When converging to the global optimal solution, although there is a certain probability that the equalizer is always in the first metastable state, there is a special convergence solution, that is, the two output polarization states of the equalizer converge to the same polarization state. The X polarization state or the Y polarization state, that is, the second metastable state. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, when it is determined that the equalizer is not in the first meta-stable state, whether the two output polarization states converge in the same polarization state can be directly determined by combining the frame positioning information to determine whether the current working state is the second meta-stable state.

Step 10243: If the polarization state data converges to the same polarization state, determine that the current working state of the equalizer is a second meta-stable state.

In this step, when the first comparison result is xy_skew<thr1_skew, or the second comparison result is the error feature value <thr_mse, the two-way I/Q path data of the X/Y polarization state is discriminated by the frame positioning information, and both are converged. For the same polarization state, that is, both H and V converge to X, or both converge to Y, it can be determined that the current operating state is the second metastable state.

However, when the equalizer works on a large PMD scene in the new island, due to the equalizer FIR filtering The order of the device is limited. During the convergence process, the tap coefficients converge to the range of the FIR filter tap, but the energy of the tap coefficients is at the boundary of the tap, and the position of the center tap is not effectively utilized. The effect is not optimal. Worse still, the equalizer is in this state of boundary stability for a long time. Due to some weak jitter of the channel, the main energy of the tap coefficient may be sent outside the tap to enter the metastable working state. Therefore, when it is determined that the current working state of the equalizer is not the first meta-stable state and the second meta-stable state, it is determined whether it is a boundary stable state.

Step 10244: If the polarization state data converges to a different polarization state, and the third comparison result indicates that the actual delay value is less than or equal to the maximum delay value, the actual delay value is greater than or equal to the When the third threshold is used, it is determined that the current working state of the equalizer is a boundary stable state.

In this step, when the first comparison result is xy_skew<thr1_skew, or the second comparison result is the error feature value <thr_mse, the two-way I/Q path data of the X/Y polarization state is discriminated by the frame positioning information, and the convergence is Different polarization states continue to be judged in conjunction with the third comparison result. When xy_skew ≤ max_sym_skew, xy_skew ≥ thr3_skew, it is determined that the current working state is the boundary stable state.

Step 10245, if the polarization state data is in a different polarization state, and the third comparison result indicates that the actual delay value is less than the third threshold value, determining that the current working state of the equalizer is stable. status.

In this step, when the first comparison result is xy_skew<thr1_skew, or the second comparison result is the error feature value <thr_mse, the two-way I/Q path data of the X/Y polarization state is discriminated by the frame positioning information, and the convergence is different. When the polarization state and the third comparison result is xy_skew<thr3_skew, it is determined that the current working state is a steady state.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, after the current state of the equalizer is determined by the comprehensive analysis of the first comparison result, the second comparison result, and the third comparison result, the corresponding adjustment may be performed, when the equalizer is in the first meta-stable state. , step 103 includes:

In step 103a1, when the current working state of the equalizer is the first meta-stable state, the energy distribution information of the tap coefficients updated after the blind equalization process is acquired.

In this step, when the state of the equalizer is the first meta-stable state, the energy distribution information of the tap coefficients updated after the blind equalization process is acquired. The energy distribution information includes an energy calculation formula of the tap coefficients according to different polarization states, and the energy of the tap coefficients of each tap in the polarization state is obtained. The energy of the tap coefficient of the X polarization state is calculated as p _x (m)=|c _xh (m)| ⁿ +|c _xv (m)| ⁿ , and the energy of the tap coefficient of the Y polarization state is calculated as p _y (m )=|c _yh (m)| ⁿ +|c _yv (m)| ⁿ . Where m is in the range [1, M] and n is a positive integer.

Step 103a2, if the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state is greater than the total value of the second side of the tap center position on the first side of the tap center position, and the tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state is on the first side of the tap center position. The total value is smaller than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, then the first polarization state tap coefficient in the tap coefficient is shifted to the second side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficient is moved to the first side by N samples. point.

It is assumed that the first side is the left side of the tap center position, and the second side is the right side of the tap center position, the first polarization state is the X polarization state, and the second polarization state is the Y polarization state. In this step, the obtained energy distribution information indicates that the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the X polarization state on the left side of the tap center position is greater than the total value on the right side of the tap center position [ie,

】, and the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the Y polarization state to the left of the center position of the tap is smaller than the total value of the right side of the center position of the tap [ie,

】, the X-polarization tap coefficients c _xh (m) and c _xv (m) in the tap coefficients are shifted to the right by N samples, and the Y-polarization tap coefficients c _yh (m) and c _yv (m) Move N samples to the left. Take c _xh (m) as an example, when adjusting to the left

Step 103a3, if the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state on the first side of the tap center position is smaller than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, the tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state is on the first side of the tap center position. The total value is greater than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, then the first polarization state tap coefficient in the tap coefficient is shifted to the first side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficient is moved to the second side by N samples. point.

In this step, the obtained energy distribution information indicates that the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the X polarization state on the left side of the tap center position is smaller than the total value on the right side of the tap center position [ie,

】, the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the Y polarization state to the left of the center position of the tap is greater than the total value of the right side of the center position of the tap [ie,

】, the X-polarization tap coefficients c _xh (m) and c _xv (m) in the tap coefficients are shifted to the left by N samples, and the Y-polarization tap coefficients c _yh (m) and c _yv (m) Move N samples to the right. Take c _xh (m) as an example, when adjusting to the right

Step 103a4, if the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state is greater than the total value of the second side of the tap center position on the first side of the tap center position, and the tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state is on the first side of the tap center position. The total value is greater than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, and the first total energy of the tap coefficients of the first polarization state and the second total energy of the tap coefficients of the second polarization state are obtained, where the first total energy is greater than Or equal to the second total energy, moving the first polarization state tap coefficients of the tap coefficients to the second side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficients moving N samples to the first side; When the first total energy is less than the second total energy, the first polarization state tap coefficients of the tap coefficients are shifted by N samples to the first side, and the second polarization state tap coefficients are moved to the second side by N samples.

In this step, the obtained energy distribution information indicates that the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the X polarization state on the left side of the tap center position is greater than the total value on the right side of the tap center position [ie,

】, and the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the Y polarization state on the left side of the tap center position is also greater than the total value on the right side of the tap center position [ie,

】, at this time can not directly determine the adjustment direction, you need to combine the total energy of the tap coefficients corresponding to different polarization states to determine the direction of adjustment. Obtaining a first total energy p _x of the tap coefficients of the X polarization state and a second total energy p _y of the tap coefficients of the Y polarization state, wherein

The value of m ranges from [1, M]. When p _x ≥ p _y , the X-polarization tap coefficients c _xh (m) and c _xv (m) in the tap coefficients are shifted to the right by N samples, and the Y-polarization tap coefficients are c _yh (m) and c _yv (m) moves N samples to the left; when p _x <p _y , moves the X-polarization tap coefficients c _xh (m) and c _xv (m) in the tap coefficients to the left by N samples Point, Y polarization state tap coefficients c _yh (m) and c _yv (m) move N samples to the right.

Step 103a5, if the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state on the first side of the tap center position is smaller than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, the tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state is on the first side of the tap center position. The total value is less than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, and the first total energy of the tap coefficients of the first polarization state and the second total energy of the tap coefficients of the second polarization state are obtained, where the first total energy is greater than Or equal to the second total energy, moving the first polarization state tap coefficient in the tap coefficient to the first side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficient moving the N samples to the second side; When the first total energy is less than the second total energy, the first polarization state tap coefficients of the tap coefficients are shifted to the second side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficients are moved to the first side by N samples; Where N is an integer multiple of the ratio of the symbol rates of the equalizer and the frame locating device.

】, and the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the Y polarization state to the left of the center position of the tap is also smaller than the total value of the right side of the center position of the tap [ie,

At this time, as in step 103a4, the adjustment direction cannot be directly determined, and the same is required to determine the adjustment direction by combining the total energy of the tap coefficients corresponding to different polarization states. P _y acquiring tap coefficients of X-polarized and p _x tap coefficients of the polarization state Y, wherein

The value of m ranges from [1, M]. When p _x ≥ p _y , the X-polarization tap coefficients c _xh (m) and c _xv (m) in the tap coefficients are shifted to the left by N samples, and the Y-polarization-tap coefficient coefficients c _yh (m) and c _yv (m) moves N samples to the right; when p _x <p _y , moves the X-polarization tap coefficients c _xh (m) and c _xv (m) in the tap coefficients to the right by N samples Point, Y polarization state tap coefficients c _yh (m) and c _yv (m) move N samples to the left.

Through steps 103a1-103a5, the tap coefficients of the equalizer whose current operating state is the first metastable state are adaptively adjusted. In addition, where N is an integer multiple of ratio_symbol, the size of N can be adjusted according to system requirements to achieve a compromise between speed and accuracy of convergence to steady state.

When the equalizer is in the second metastable state, step 103 includes:

Step 103b1: Obtaining blindness when the current working state of the equalizer is the second metastable state The first total energy of the tap coefficients of the first polarization state and the second total energy of the tap coefficients of the second polarization state are updated after the equalization process.

In this step, when the state of the equalizer is the second metastable state, the first total energy of the tap coefficients of the first polarization state and the second total of the tap coefficients of the second polarization state of the tap coefficients updated after the blind equalization process are acquired. energy. The first polarization state is an X polarization state, and the second polarization state is a Y polarization state, and the corresponding first total energy p _x and second total energy p _y can pass

Obtained, where m has a value range of [1, M].

Step 103b2: If the first total energy is greater than or equal to the second total energy, the tap coefficients of the first polarization state are subjected to Jones change and then corresponding to the tap coefficients assigned to the second polarization state.

In this step, when p _x ≥ p _y is obtained from the acquired p _x and p _y , the tap coefficient of the X polarization state is changed by Jones and then the tap coefficient given to the Y polarization state is corresponding. After the tap coefficient of the Y polarization state is adjusted, c _yh (m)=-conj(c _xv (Mm)), c _yv (m)=conj(c _xh (Mm)).

In step 103b3, if the first total energy is less than the second total energy, the tap coefficient of the second polarization state is changed by Jones and then assigned to the tap coefficient of the first polarization state.

In this step, when p _x <p _y is obtained by the obtained p _x and p _y , the tap coefficient of the Y polarization state is changed by Jones and then the tap coefficient given to the X polarization state is corresponding. After the tap coefficient of the X polarization state is adjusted, c _xh (m)=conj(c _yv (Mm)), c _xv (m)=-conj(c _yh (Mm)).

Through steps 103b1-103b3, the tap coefficients of the equalizer whose current working state is the second metastable state are adaptively adjusted.

When the equalizer is in a boundary stable state, step 103 includes:

In step 103c1, when the current working state of the equalizer is the boundary stable state, the energy distribution information of the tap coefficients updated after the blind equalization process is acquired.

In this step, when the equalizer is in the boundary stable state, the energy distribution information of the tap coefficients updated after the blind equalization processing is acquired. Similarly, the energy distribution information includes an energy calculation formula of the tap coefficients according to different polarization states, and the energy of the tap coefficients of each tap in the polarization state is obtained. The energy of the tap coefficient of the X polarization state is calculated as p _x (m)=|c _xh (m)| ⁿ +|c _xv (m)| ⁿ , and the energy of the tap coefficient of the Y polarization state is calculated as p _y (m )=|c _yh (m)| ⁿ +|c _yv (m)| ⁿ . Where m is in the range [1, M] and n is a positive integer.

Step 103c2, if determining the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state according to the energy distribution information The concentrated region is on the first side of the tap coefficient energy concentration region of the second polarization state, and the first polarization state tap coefficient in the tap coefficient is moved to the second side by Q samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficient is toward the first side. Moving Q samples; if it is determined that the tap coefficient energy concentration region of the first polarization state is on the second side of the tap coefficient energy concentration region of the second polarization state, the first polarization state tap coefficient of the tap coefficients is directed to the first side Moving Q samples, the second polarization state tap coefficients move Q samples to the second side; wherein Q is an integer multiple of the ratio of the symbol rates of the equalizer and the frame locating device.

It is assumed that the first side is the left side of the tap center position, and the second side is the right side of the tap center position, the first polarization state is the X polarization state, and the second polarization state is the Y polarization state. In this step, by obtaining the energy distribution information, for example, respectively establishing a two-dimensional coordinate system in which the number of taps is the abscissa and the energy of the corresponding taper of the polarization state is the ordinate, and the coordinate system of the X/Y polarization state can intuitively understand X. /Y polarization state tap coefficient energy stepwise case, when the X-polarization tap coefficient energy concentration region is on the left side of the Y-polarization tap coefficient energy concentration region, the X-polarization tap coefficient c _{xh in the} tap coefficient (m) and c _xv (m) move Q samples to the right, and the Y polarization state tap coefficients c _yh (m) and c _yv (m) move Q samples to the left. When the tap coefficient energy concentration region of the X polarization state is on the right side of the tap coefficient energy concentration region of the Y polarization state, the X polarization state tap coefficients c _xh (m) and c _xv (m) in the tap coefficient are shifted to the left side. For Q samples, the Y polarization state tap coefficients c _yh (m) and c _yv (m) move Q samples to the right.

Through steps 103c1-103c3, the tap coefficients of the equalizer whose current working state is the boundary stable state are adaptively adjusted. In addition, where Q is an integer multiple of ratio_symbol, the size of Q can be adjusted according to system requirements to achieve a compromise between speed and accuracy of convergence to steady state. Similarly, taking c _xh (m) as an example, when adjusting to the left

When adjusting to the right

It should be known that in order to reduce the equalizer entering the metastable probability, the leakage factor in the blind equalization process generally chooses a larger one, but in this case, the performance of the equalizer is sacrificed to some extent. Therefore, in an optional embodiment, step 103 includes:

In step 103d1, when the current working state of the equalizer is a steady state, a new leakage factor is configured, the leakage factor is smaller than an initial leakage factor, and the difference between the leakage factor and the initial leakage factor is a preset threshold.

Thus, when it is determined that the equalizer is operating in a steady state, the leakage factor reset is assigned to a smaller value, that is, c(n+1)=(1-leg_fac)×c(n)+Δc(n+1 The leak factor leg_fac is configured to be a small value relative to the initial leak factor. On the one hand, the performance of the equalizer can be improved, and on the other hand, the influence of the noise error accumulation on the coefficient can be limited, so that the equalizer works more stably in a stable state. under.

In an actual scenario, the application of the adaptive equalization method of the alternative embodiment is shown in FIG. 6:

S601, the equalizer performs adaptive convergence after the tap coefficient initial configuration and the leakage factor initialization are set to a larger value;

S602. Obtain frame positioning information of a polarization state detected by a frame positioning apparatus.

S603, determining whether xy_skew is greater than or equal to thr1_skew and whether the error characteristic value is greater than thr_mse; when xy_skew≥thr1_skew and error characteristic value>thr_mse, determining that the current working state is the first meta-stable state, executing S604; otherwise, executing S606;

S604. Acquire energy distribution information of the tap coefficients updated after the blind equalization process, and determine an adjustment direction of the tap coefficients.

S605, according to the determined adjustment direction, the tap coefficient is shifted to the left or right, and adaptive convergence is performed, and the process returns to S602;

S606, determining whether the output polarization state data converges to the same polarization state; if yes, determining that the current working state is the second meta-stable state, executing S607; otherwise, executing S609;

S607. Acquire a total energy of different polarization states of the tap coefficients updated after the blind equalization process, and determine an adjustment manner of the tap coefficients.

S608, according to the determined adjustment manner, the tap coefficients are adjusted correspondingly, and adaptive convergence is performed, and the process returns to S602;

S609, determining whether xy_skew is less than thr3_skew, and if so, determining that the current working state is a steady state, executing S610; otherwise, executing S611;

S610, configuring the leakage factor to be a smaller value relative to the initial leakage factor, performing adaptive convergence, and ending the tap coefficient adjustment;

S611. Acquire energy distribution information of the tap coefficients updated after the equalization processing, and determine an adjustment direction of the tap coefficients.

S612: Move the coefficient to the left or right according to the determined adjustment direction, perform adaptive convergence, and return to S602.

In summary, the adaptive equalization method of the optional embodiment obtains the frame positioning information of the output polarization state data and the updated tap coefficient after the blind equalization process in the convergence process after the equalizer tap coefficient initialization is completed, and uses the frame. The positioning information and the related performance information of the equalizer determine the current working state of the equalizer, and combine the acquired tap coefficients updated by the blind equalization processing, correspondingly adjust the tap coefficients or the leakage factor in the blind equalization processing, and the equalizer is based on The adjusted tap coefficient or leakage factor continues adaptive convergence until it is adjusted to stable operation under steady state, achieving better convergence and efficient use of tap coefficients.

As shown in FIG. 7, an optional embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an adaptive equalization apparatus, including:

The obtaining module 701 is configured to obtain frame positioning information of the polarization state data output by the equalizer and a tap coefficient updated after the blind equalization process;

The determining module 702 is configured to determine a current working state of the equalizer according to the frame positioning information and the performance information of the equalizer;

The adjusting module 703 is configured to adjust the tap coefficient in the tap coefficient or the blind equalization process according to the current working state of the equalizer and the tap coefficient updated after the blind equalization processing;

The processing module 704 is configured to perform adaptive convergence according to the adjusted tap coefficient or leakage factor until the equalizer reaches stable operation in a steady state.

The determining module includes:

The first processing submodule includes:

a first comparing unit, configured to compare the actual delay value with the first threshold value to obtain a first A comparison of the results.

The second processing submodule includes:

The third processing submodule includes:

Second processing unit, set to pass the formula

The determining submodule includes:

a second determining unit, configured to: when the first comparison result indicates that the actual delay value is less than the first threshold value, or the second comparison result indicates that the error feature value is smaller than the second threshold value Determining, according to the frame positioning information, whether the output polarization state data converges to the same polarization state;

a fifth determining unit, configured to determine a current state of the equalizer if the polarization state data is a different polarization state, and the third comparison result indicates that the actual delay value is less than the third threshold value Work The state is steady.

The adjustment module includes:

The third adjustment submodule is configured to: if the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state is greater than the total value of the second side of the tap center position on the first side of the tap center position, and the tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state is at the center of the tap Obtaining a total value of the first side of the position greater than a total value of the second side of the tap center position, obtaining a first total energy of the tap coefficients of the first polarization state and a second total energy of the tap coefficients of the second polarization state, When the first total energy is greater than or equal to the second total energy, the first polarization state tap coefficient in the tap coefficient is shifted to the second side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficient is moved to the first side by N samples. a point; when the first total energy is less than the second total energy, moving a first polarization state tap coefficient of the tap coefficients to the first side by N samples, and moving the second polarization state tap coefficient to the second side N samples;

The fourth adjusting submodule is configured to set the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state to a total value of the first side of the tap center position to be smaller than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, and the tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state is at the center of the tap Obtaining a total value of the first side of the position less than a total value of the second side of the tap center position, acquiring a first total energy of the tap coefficients of the first polarization state and a second total energy of the tap coefficients of the second polarization state, When the first total energy is greater than or equal to the second total energy, the first polarization state tap coefficient in the tap coefficient is shifted to the first side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficient is moved to the second side by N samples. a first polarization state tap coefficient in the tap coefficients when the first total energy is less than the second total energy Moving N samples to the second side, the second polarization state tap coefficients moving N samples to the first side; wherein N is an integer multiple of the ratio of the symbol rates of the equalizer and the frame locating device.

The adjustment module includes:

a seventh adjustment submodule, configured to determine, according to the energy distribution information, if the tap coefficient energy concentration region of the first polarization state is on the first side of the tap coefficient energy concentration region of the second polarization state, the first of the tap coefficients a polarization state tap coefficient moves Q samples to the second side, and a second polarization state tap coefficient moves Q samples to the first side; if the tap coefficient of the first polarization state is determined to be in the second polarization state The second side of the coefficient energy concentration region moves the first polarization state tap coefficient of the tap coefficient to the first side by Q samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficient moves the Q samples to the second side; wherein, Q For example, the ratio of the symbol rate of the equalizer and the frame locating device is an integer multiple.

The adjustment module includes:

In the adaptive equalization apparatus of the optional embodiment of the present disclosure, in the convergence process after the equalizer tap coefficient initialization is completed, the acquiring module obtains the frame positioning information of the output polarization state data and the tap coefficient updated after the blind equalization process, and then determines The module uses the frame positioning information and the relevant performance information of the equalizer to judge the current working state of the equalizer, and the adjustment module combines the obtained blind equalization processing. The new tap coefficient corresponds to the adjustment of the tap coefficient or the leakage factor in the blind equalization process, and the processing module causes the equalizer to continue adaptive convergence according to the adjusted tap coefficient or leakage factor until it is adjusted to be stable under stable conditions. For better convergence and efficient use of tap coefficients.

It should be noted that the device is a device to which the above-described adaptive equalization method is applied, and an implementation manner of the embodiment of the adaptive equalization method is applicable to the device, and the same technical effect can be achieved.

The equalizer of the optional embodiment obtains the frame positioning information of the output polarization state data and the tap coefficient updated after the blind equalization process in the convergence process after the tap coefficient initialization is completed, and uses the frame positioning information and the related performance information of the equalizer. After judging the current working state of the equalizer itself, combined with the tap coefficients updated after the obtained blind equalization processing, correspondingly adjusting the tap coefficient or the leakage factor in the blind equalization processing, the equalizer is based on the adjusted tap coefficient or the leakage factor. Continue adaptive convergence until it is adjusted to stable operation under steady state, achieving better convergence and efficient use of tap coefficients.

It should be noted that the equalizer is an equalizer to which the above adaptive equalization method is applied, and the implementation manner of the embodiment of the adaptive equalization method is applicable to the equalizer, and the same technical effect can be achieved.

It should also be noted that many of the functional components described in this specification are referred to as modules to more particularly emphasize the independence of their implementation.

In alternative embodiments, the modules may be implemented in software for execution by various types of processors. For example, an identified executable code module can comprise one or more physical or logical blocks of computer instructions, which can be constructed, for example, as an object, procedure, or function. Nonetheless, the executable code of the identified modules need not be physically located together, but may include different instructions stored in different bits that, when logically combined, constitute a module and implement the provisions of the module. purpose.

An alternative embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a storage medium including a stored program, wherein the program executes the following method while it is running:

S1, obtaining frame positioning information of polarization state data output by the equalizer and a tap coefficient updated after blind equalization processing;

S2. Determine a current working state of the equalizer according to the frame positioning information and the performance information of the equalizer.

S3, according to the current working state of the equalizer and the tap coefficient updated after the blind equalization processing, corresponding tone The tapping factor or the leakage factor in the blind equalization process;

S4, adaptive convergence is performed according to the adjusted tap coefficient or leakage factor until the equalizer reaches stable operation in a stable state.

In practice, the executable code module can be a single instruction or a plurality of instructions, and can even be distributed across multiple different code segments, distributed among different programs, and distributed across multiple memory devices. As such, operational data may be identified within the modules and may be implemented in any suitable form and organized within any suitable type of data structure. The operational data may be collected as a single data set, or may be distributed at different locations (including on different storage devices), and may at least partially exist as an electronic signal on a system or network.

When the module can be implemented by software, considering the level of the related hardware process, the module can be implemented in software, and the technician can construct the corresponding hardware circuit to realize the corresponding function without considering the cost. The hardware circuits include conventional Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) circuits or gate arrays and related semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, or other discrete components. The modules can also be implemented with programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable array logic, programmable logic devices, and the like.

The above-described exemplary embodiments are described with reference to the drawings, and the various embodiments and embodiments of the present invention are not to be limits. Rather, these exemplary embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and the scope of the disclosure will be disclosed to those skilled in the art. In these figures, component dimensions and relative dimensions may be exaggerated for clarity. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing the particular embodiments of the embodiments The singular forms "a", "the", and "the" The use of the terms "comprising" and / or "comprising", when used in the specification, means the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, components and/or components, but does not exclude one or more other features. The existence or addition of integers, steps, operations, components, components, and/or their ethnic groups. Unless stated otherwise, a range of values includes the upper and lower limits of the range and any subranges in between.

The above is an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the present disclosure. These improvements and modifications should also be considered as protection of the present disclosure.

Industrial applicability

In the technical solution of the present disclosure, the frame positioning information of the polarization state data output by the equalizer and the tap coefficient updated after the blind equalization process are obtained; and the equalization is determined according to the frame positioning information and the performance information of the equalizer. The current working state of the device; according to the current working state of the equalizer and the tap coefficient updated after the blind equalization processing, correspondingly adjusting the tap coefficient or the leakage factor in the blind equalization process; according to the adjusted tap coefficient or the leakage factor, Adaptation converges until the equalizer achieves stable operation in a steady state. The solution of the present disclosure solves the problem that the adaptive equalizer cannot work stably in the convergence process efficiently in the current technical solution.

Claims

An adaptive equalization method comprising:

Obtaining frame positioning information of polarization state data output by the equalizer and updated tap coefficients after blind equalization processing;

Determining a current working state of the equalizer according to the frame positioning information and performance information of the equalizer;

Adjusting the tap coefficient in the tap coefficient or the blind equalization process according to the current working state of the equalizer and the tap coefficient updated after the blind equalization processing;

Adaptive convergence is performed according to the adjusted tap coefficient or leakage factor until the equalizer reaches stable operation in a steady state.
The adaptive equalization method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the current working state of the equalizer according to the frame positioning information and the performance information of the equalizer comprises:

Obtaining a first comparison result according to the frame positioning information and a preset first threshold value;

Obtaining a second comparison result according to the polarization state data output by the equalizer, the convergence expected data, and a preset second threshold value;

Obtaining a third comparison result according to a symbol rate of the equalizer, a symbol rate of the frame positioning device, and a preset third threshold;

And determining, according to the first comparison result, the second comparison result, and the third comparison result, a current working state of the equalizer.
The adaptive equalization method according to claim 2, wherein the step of obtaining the first comparison result according to the frame positioning information and the preset first threshold value comprises:

And analyzing the output first polarization state data and the second polarization state data according to the frame positioning information to obtain an actual delay value between the first polarization state data and the second polarization state data;

Comparing the actual delay value with the first threshold value to obtain a first comparison result.
The adaptive equalization method according to claim 3, wherein the step of obtaining the second comparison result according to the polarization state data output by the equalizer, the convergence expected data, and the preset second threshold value comprises:

Counting an error characteristic value between the polarization state data output by the equalizer and the convergence expected data;

Comparing the error characteristic value with the second threshold value to obtain a second comparison result.
The adaptive equalization method according to claim 4, wherein the symbol of the equalizer is The number rate, the symbol rate of the frame positioning device, and the preset third threshold value, the steps of obtaining the third comparison result include:

Obtaining a ratio ratio_symbol of a symbol rate of the frame positioning device and a symbol rate of the equalizer;

Through formula
Obtaining a maximum delay value max_sym_skew between the polarization states that the equalizer can compensate, wherein M is the number of filter taps in the equalizer;

Comparing the maximum delay value with the third threshold value to obtain a third comparison result.
The adaptive equalization method according to claim 5, wherein the determining the current operating state of the equalizer according to the first comparison result, the second comparison result, and the third comparison result comprises:

When the first comparison result indicates that the actual delay value is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, and the second comparison result indicates that the error feature value is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, Determining that the current working state of the equalizer is a first meta-stable state;

And when the first comparison result indicates that the actual delay value is less than the first threshold value or the second comparison result indicates that the error feature value is smaller than the second threshold value, according to the frame positioning The information determines whether the output polarization state data converges to the same polarization state;

If the polarization state data converges to the same polarization state, determining that the current working state of the equalizer is a second metastable state;

If the polarization state data converges to a different polarization state, and the third comparison result indicates that the actual delay value is less than or equal to the maximum delay value, the actual delay value is greater than or equal to the third gate When the limit is determined, determining that the current working state of the equalizer is a boundary stable state;

If the polarization state data is in a different polarization state, and the third comparison result indicates that the actual delay value is less than the third threshold value, determining that the current working state of the equalizer is a steady state.
The adaptive equalization method according to claim 1, wherein the step of adjusting the tap coefficient or the leak factor in the blind equalization process according to the current working state of the equalizer and the tap coefficient updated after the blind equalization processing comprises:

Obtaining energy distribution information of the tap coefficients updated after the blind equalization process when the current working state of the equalizer is the first meta-stable state;

If the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state is greater than the tap value at the first side of the tap center position The total value of the second side of the center position, the tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state is smaller than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, and the first polarization state tap of the tap coefficients The coefficient moves N samples to the second side, and the second polarization state tap coefficients move N samples to the first side;

If the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state on the first side of the tap center position is smaller than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state on the first side of the tap center position is greater than The total value of the second side of the tap center position, the first polarization state tap coefficient of the tap coefficient is shifted to the first side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficient is moved to the second side by N samples;

If the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state on the first side of the tap center position is greater than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, the tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state is greater than the total value of the first side of the tap center position. At a total value of the second side of the center position of the tap, obtaining a first total energy of the tap coefficients of the first polarization state and a second total energy of the tap coefficients of the second polarization state, wherein the first total energy is greater than or equal to When the second total energy is described, the first polarization state tap coefficients in the tap coefficients are shifted to the second side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficients are moved to the first side by N samples; When the energy is less than the second total energy, the first polarization state tap coefficient in the tap coefficient is shifted to the first side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficient is moved to the second side by N samples;

If the total value of the tap coefficient energy of the first polarization state on the first side of the tap center position is smaller than the total value of the second side of the tap center position, the tap coefficient energy of the second polarization state is smaller than the total value of the first side of the tap center position. At a total value of the second side of the center position of the tap, obtaining a first total energy of the tap coefficients of the first polarization state and a second total energy of the tap coefficients of the second polarization state, wherein the first total energy is greater than or equal to When the second total energy is described, the first polarization state tap coefficients in the tap coefficients are shifted to the first side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficients are moved to the second side by N samples; When the energy is less than the second total energy, the first polarization state tap coefficient of the tap coefficient is shifted to the second side by N samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficient is moved to the first side by N samples; wherein, N The integer ratio of the ratio of the symbol rates of the equalizer and the frame locating device.
The adaptive equalization method according to claim 1, wherein the step of adjusting the tap coefficient or the leak factor in the blind equalization process according to the current working state of the equalizer and the tap coefficient updated after the blind equalization processing comprises:

And acquiring, when the current working state of the equalizer is the second metastable state, acquiring a first total energy of the tap coefficients of the first polarization state and a second total of the tap coefficients of the second polarization state after the blind equalization process energy;

If the first total energy is greater than or equal to the second total energy, the tap coefficients of the first polarization state are subjected to Jones change and then corresponding to the tap coefficients assigned to the second polarization state;

If the first total energy is less than the second total energy, the tap coefficients of the second polarization state are subjected to Jones variation and then corresponding to the tap coefficients assigned to the first polarization state.
The adaptive equalization method according to claim 1, wherein the step of adjusting the tap coefficient or the leak factor in the blind equalization process according to the current working state of the equalizer and the tap coefficient updated after the blind equalization processing comprises:

Obtaining energy distribution information of the tap coefficients updated after the blind equalization process when the current working state of the equalizer is a boundary stable state;

According to the energy distribution information, if it is determined that the tap coefficient energy concentration region of the first polarization state is on the first side of the tap coefficient energy concentration region of the second polarization state, the first polarization state tap coefficient of the tap coefficient is second. Moving Q samples side, the second polarization state tap coefficient moves Q samples to the first side; if it is determined that the tap coefficient energy concentration region of the first polarization state is on the second side of the tap coefficient energy concentration region of the second polarization state Transmitting the first polarization state tap coefficients of the tap coefficients to the first side by Q samples, and the second polarization state tap coefficients moving the Q samples to the second side; wherein Q is the equalizer and the frame positioning device The ratio of the symbol rate is an integer multiple.
The adaptive equalization method according to claim 1, wherein the step of adjusting the tap coefficient or the leak factor in the blind equalization process according to the current working state of the equalizer and the tap coefficient updated after the blind equalization processing comprises:

When the current working state of the equalizer is a steady state, a new leakage factor is configured, the leakage factor is less than an initial leakage factor, and the difference between the leakage factor and the initial leakage factor is a preset threshold.
An adaptive equalization device comprising:

Obtaining a module, configured to obtain frame positioning information of polarization state data output by the equalizer and a tap coefficient updated after blind equalization processing;

a determining module, configured to determine a current working state of the equalizer according to the frame positioning information and the performance information of the equalizer;

The adjusting module is configured to adjust the tap coefficient or the leakage factor in the blind equalization process according to the current working state of the equalizer and the tap coefficient updated after the blind equalization processing;

The processing module is configured to perform adaptive convergence according to the adjusted tap coefficient or leakage factor until the equalizer reaches stable operation in a steady state.
The adaptive equalization apparatus of claim 11, wherein the determining module comprises:

The first processing submodule is configured to obtain a first comparison result according to the frame positioning information and a preset first threshold value;

a second processing submodule, configured to obtain a second comparison result according to the polarization state data output by the equalizer, the convergence expected data, and a preset second threshold value;

a third processing submodule, configured to obtain a third comparison result according to a symbol rate of the equalizer, a symbol rate of the frame positioning device, and a preset third threshold;

The determining submodule is configured to determine a current working state of the equalizer according to the first comparison result, the second comparison result, and the third comparison result.
An equalizer comprising the adaptive equalization device of claim 11 or 12.
A storage medium, the storage medium comprising a stored program, wherein the program is executed to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 10.