WO2017209637A1 - Lever-type torque reduction gear - Google Patents

Lever-type torque reduction gear Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017209637A1
WO2017209637A1 PCT/RU2016/000323 RU2016000323W WO2017209637A1 WO 2017209637 A1 WO2017209637 A1 WO 2017209637A1 RU 2016000323 W RU2016000323 W RU 2016000323W WO 2017209637 A1 WO2017209637 A1 WO 2017209637A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
crank
lever
reduction gear
force
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2016/000323
Other languages
French (fr)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Денис Викторович ВЯТКИН
Original Assignee
Денис Викторович ВЯТКИН
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Publication date
Application filed by Денис Викторович ВЯТКИН filed Critical Денис Викторович ВЯТКИН
Priority to PCT/RU2016/000323 priority Critical patent/WO2017209637A1/en
Priority to RU2018126586A priority patent/RU2723657C1/en
Publication of WO2017209637A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017209637A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H21/00—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H21/00—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides
    • F16H21/10—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane
    • F16H21/16—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane for interconverting rotary motion and reciprocating motion
    • F16H21/18—Crank gearings; Eccentric gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H21/00—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides
    • F16H21/10—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane
    • F16H21/16—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane for interconverting rotary motion and reciprocating motion
    • F16H21/18—Crank gearings; Eccentric gearings
    • F16H21/22—Crank gearings; Eccentric gearings with one connecting-rod and one guided slide to each crank or eccentric
    • F16H21/32—Crank gearings; Eccentric gearings with one connecting-rod and one guided slide to each crank or eccentric with additional members comprising only pivoted links or arms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to mechanical engineering, namely to crank-slide converters of reciprocating motion into rotational motion and vice versa, in particular to piston engines and can be used in transport, in drilling rigs, in construction vehicles, fuel electric generators, and mechanisms where it is necessary to realize engine torque.
  • the device of the car VAZ-2121 (Round SM. Everything about a light car (device, maintenance, repair and driving) is known: Handbook-2-e ed., Eras. - M .: Higher school; Publishing. Center “Academy", 2000. -539s: ill.) whose engine has a crank mechanism.
  • This device converts the translational motion of the piston into the rotational motion of the main shaft.
  • the disadvantages of this device include the following: transmission of torque upon ignition of the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber and in the phase of the greatest effort of the piston group is minimal, since the shoulder forces acting on the main shaft are close to zero; the maximum shoulder (radius of the described circumference of the spike) of the main shaft is limited by the size of the piston stroke.
  • the known device differs from the one I stated, with a design that does not make it possible to increase the radius of the described circumference of the main shaft tenon and to displace forces from the zero point of the shoulder at the moment of the greatest effort.
  • the presented method makes it possible to have a connecting rod length and a piston stroke less than the diameter of the crank, which makes it possible without special reduction to have output crankshaft rotations of 2, 3, 4, etc. times less than the number of 3-stroke cycles in a cylinder.
  • This method differs from what I stated, in its design and the goal of the result achieved.
  • a description of the utility model for the patent is known according to the application 2002100890/20, 08.01.2002 “Internal combustion engine”.
  • the use of the well-known utility model consists in the use of a cranked and non-rotating connecting rod axis at the base, breaking, with a variable value of the radius of the knee and planetary gear for transmitting the rotational moment of the crank.
  • the disadvantages of this device include the following: transmission of torque upon ignition of a combustible mixture in the combustion chamber and in the phase of the greatest effort of the piston group is minimal, since the shoulder forces acting at that moment on the main the shaft is close to zero.
  • the known device differs from what I claimed, with a design that does not allow displacement from zero point of the shoulder forces at the time of greatest effort.
  • lever gear allows you to apply force from the translational motion of the engine piston to the crankshaft of the main shaft with a shoulder greater than a value equal to half the stroke of the piston due to the application of the force of the piston to the crankshaft of the main shaft through the lever, providing an increase the stroke of the point of application of force to the crank in the longitudinal direction relative to the stroke of the piston.
  • a rocker arm is used as a lever, which allows for an increased travel of the point of application of force to the crank in the transverse direction relative to the piston stroke.
  • the device comprises a rocker arm (1) having a rotary support at one end, a connecting rod connecting rod (2) providing a rotational translational movement of the connecting rod (2) is located in the middle part to the rocker arm (2), at the free end of the rocker arm backstage (1) is located rocker stone (3) having a mount to the crank (4).
  • the operation of the device is as follows:
  • lever gearbox The peculiarity of the lever gearbox is that when the piston travels, the rocker moves along the arc of rotation of the crank closest to the piston, which reduces the difference in the shoulders of the application of forces at points T to and T w .
  • Another positive feature of the lever gearbox is the excess of the crank arm increment over the loss of the transmitted lever effort (rocker-link), which provides an increase in the torque on the main shaft under the same action of the piston force.
  • the present invention aims to improve operational characteristics of piston engines and makes it possible to obtain more torque on the main shaft, with the same characteristics of the piston group of the engine and fuel consumption.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A lever-type torque reduction gear intended for converting translational motion of an engine piston into rotational motion of a main (crank) shaft having a crank web, the size of which is greater than a value equal to a half of a stroke of the piston. An increase in torque results from force being applied from the piston group, via a rocker arm, onto a crank of the main shaft having an enlarged web. The lever-type reduction gear is used in piston engines in which rotational motion is required. The aim of the invention consists in broadening the kinematic capabilities of a mechanism. The aim is achieved in that a crank provides a main shaft web which exceeds the size of the piston stroke.

Description

РЫЧАЖНЫЙ РЕДУКТОР КРУТЯЩЕГО МОМЕНТА  TORQUE LEVER GEAR
Изобретение относится к машиностроению, а именно к кривошипно ползунным преобразователям возвратно-поступательного движения во вра- щательное движение и наоборот, в частности к поршневым двигателям и может быть использовано на транспорте, в буровых установках, в строитель- ных машинах, топливных электрогенераторах, и механизмах, где необходи- мо реализовать крутящий момент двигателя. The invention relates to mechanical engineering, namely to crank-slide converters of reciprocating motion into rotational motion and vice versa, in particular to piston engines and can be used in transport, in drilling rigs, in construction vehicles, fuel electric generators, and mechanisms where it is necessary to realize engine torque.
Известно устройство автомобиля ВАЗ-2121 (Круглое СМ. Все о легко- вом автомобиле (устройство, обслуживание, ремонт и вождение): Справоч- ник.-2-e изд., стер. - М.: Высш.шк.; Изд.центр «Академия», 2000. -539с: ил.) двигатель которого имеет кривошипно шатунный механизм. Это устройство преобразует поступательное движение поршня во вращательное движение коренного вала. К недостаткам этого устройства можно отнести следующее: передача крутящего момента при воспламенении горючей смеси в камере сгорания и в фазе наибольшего усилия поршневой группы, минимальна, так как плечо сил действующих на коренной вал близко к нолю; максимальное плечо (радиус описываемой окружности шипа) коренного вала ограничено величиной хода поршня. Известное устройство отличается от заявленного мной, конструктивным исполнением не дающее возможность увеличения радиуса описываемой окружности шипа коренного вала и смещения от нуле- вой точки плеча сил в момент наибольшего усилия. Известное заявка на изобретение 20131 10623/06, 1 1.03.2013 «Способ создания три и "3+" тактных поршневых ДВС с видоизмененным кривошип- но-шатунным механизмом и устройство для его реализации». Способ полу- чения выходной мощности в двигателе внутреннего сгорания с кривошипом, непрерывно вращающимся под воздействием поршне - шатунной группы, отличающийся тем, что за один непрерывный оборот коленчатого вала ша- тунная шейка выполняет два теоретических движения. Представленный спо- соб дает возможность иметь длину шатуна и ход поршня меньше, чем диа- метр кривошипа, что делает возможным без специального редуцирования иметь выходные обороты коленчатого вала в 2, 3, 4 и т.д. раза меньше, чем число 3 -тактных циклов в цилиндре. Данный способ отличается от заявлен- ного мной, конструктивным исполнением и целью достигаемого результата. The device of the car VAZ-2121 (Round SM. Everything about a light car (device, maintenance, repair and driving) is known: Handbook-2-e ed., Eras. - M .: Higher school; Publishing. Center "Academy", 2000. -539s: ill.) whose engine has a crank mechanism. This device converts the translational motion of the piston into the rotational motion of the main shaft. The disadvantages of this device include the following: transmission of torque upon ignition of the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber and in the phase of the greatest effort of the piston group is minimal, since the shoulder forces acting on the main shaft are close to zero; the maximum shoulder (radius of the described circumference of the spike) of the main shaft is limited by the size of the piston stroke. The known device differs from the one I stated, with a design that does not make it possible to increase the radius of the described circumference of the main shaft tenon and to displace forces from the zero point of the shoulder at the moment of the greatest effort. Known application for invention 20131 10623/06, 1 1.03.2013 “A method for creating three and“ 3+ ”stroke piston ICEs with a modified crank mechanism and a device for its implementation”. The method of obtaining output power in an internal combustion engine with a crank continuously rotating under the influence of a piston - connecting rod group, characterized in that for one continuous rotation of the crankshaft, the crank pin carries out two theoretical movements. The presented method makes it possible to have a connecting rod length and a piston stroke less than the diameter of the crank, which makes it possible without special reduction to have output crankshaft rotations of 2, 3, 4, etc. times less than the number of 3-stroke cycles in a cylinder. This method differs from what I stated, in its design and the goal of the result achieved.
Известно описание полезной модели к патенту по заяв- ке 2002100890/20, 08.01.2002 «Двигатель внутреннего сгорания». Использо- вание известной полезной модели заключается в применении коленчатой и не вращающейся в основании шатунной оси, ломающейся, с измененяе- мой величиной радиуса колена и планетарного механизма для передачи вращательного момента кривошипа. К недостаткам этого устройства можно отнести следующее: передача крутящего момента при воспламенении горю- чей смеси в камере сгорания и в фазе наибольшего усилия поршневой груп- пы, минимальна, так как плечо сил в этот момент действующих на коренной вал близко к нолю. Известное устройство отличается от заявленного мной, конструктивным исполнением не дающей возможность смещение от нулевой точки плеча сил в момент наибольшего усилия. A description of the utility model for the patent is known according to the application 2002100890/20, 08.01.2002 “Internal combustion engine”. The use of the well-known utility model consists in the use of a cranked and non-rotating connecting rod axis at the base, breaking, with a variable value of the radius of the knee and planetary gear for transmitting the rotational moment of the crank. The disadvantages of this device include the following: transmission of torque upon ignition of a combustible mixture in the combustion chamber and in the phase of the greatest effort of the piston group is minimal, since the shoulder forces acting at that moment on the main the shaft is close to zero. The known device differs from what I claimed, with a design that does not allow displacement from zero point of the shoulder forces at the time of greatest effort.
Сущность изобретения. Сущность изобретения заключается в том, что рычажный редуктор позволяет приложить усилие от поступательного дви- жения поршня двигателя на кривошип коренного вала с плечом большим, чем величина равная половине хода поршня, за счет приложения силы поршня на кривошип коренного вала через рычаг, обеспечивающий увели- чение хода точки приложения силы на кривошип в продольном, относитель- но хода поршня, направлении. Для обеспечения увеличенного радиуса дви- жения кривошипа относительно оси коренного вала в качестве рычага ис- пользуется коромысло-кулиса позволяющая обеспечить увеличенный ход точки приложения силы на кривошип в поперечном, относительно хода поршня, направлении.  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the lever gear allows you to apply force from the translational motion of the engine piston to the crankshaft of the main shaft with a shoulder greater than a value equal to half the stroke of the piston due to the application of the force of the piston to the crankshaft of the main shaft through the lever, providing an increase the stroke of the point of application of force to the crank in the longitudinal direction relative to the stroke of the piston. To provide an increased radius of movement of the crank relative to the axis of the main shaft, a rocker arm is used as a lever, which allows for an increased travel of the point of application of force to the crank in the transverse direction relative to the piston stroke.
Кинематическая схема рычажного редуктора представлена в прилагае- мом графическом материале (фиг.1).  The kinematic diagram of the linkage gearbox is presented in the attached graphic material (Fig. 1).
Устройство содержит коромысло-кулиса (1), имеющую вращательную опору с одного конца, к коромысло-кулисе ( 1 ) в средней ее части размещает- ся узел крепления шатуна (2) обеспечивающий вращательно поступательное движение шатуна (2), на свободном конце коромысло-кулисы ( 1 ) размещает- ся кулисный камень (3) имеющий узел крепления к кривошипу (4). Работа устройства заключается в следующем: The device comprises a rocker arm (1) having a rotary support at one end, a connecting rod connecting rod (2) providing a rotational translational movement of the connecting rod (2) is located in the middle part to the rocker arm (2), at the free end of the rocker arm backstage (1) is located rocker stone (3) having a mount to the crank (4). The operation of the device is as follows:
При передаче поступательного усилия F от поршня через шатун (2) коро- мысло-кулисе (1) на расстоянии 12 от вращательной опор, точка приложения усилия Тш перемещается с амплитудой хода поршня Хп. Коромысло-кулиса передает усилие равное F*l2 / на кулисный камень (3). Соединенный с кри- вошипом кулисный камень, перемещаясь по коромыслу-кулисе (1 ), описыва- ет круговую траекторию движения точки передачи усилия Тк на кривошип с диаметром, увеличенным относительно амплитуды хода поршня Хп пропор- ционально отношению расстояния от оси коренного вала до оси вращения коромысло-кулисы (1) и расстояния 12. When the translational force F is transmitted from the piston through the connecting rod (2) of the rocker-link (1) at a distance of 1 2 from the rotational bearings, the point of application of the force T w moves with the piston stroke amplitude X p . The rocker arm transfers force equal to F * l 2 / to the rocker stone (3). The rocker connected to the crank, moving along the rocker-link (1), describes the circular trajectory of the point of transfer of force T to the crank with a diameter increased relative to the piston stroke amplitude X n in proportion to the ratio of the distance from the main shaft axis to the axis of rotation of the rocker-link (1) and the distance 1 2 .
Особенностью рычажного редуктора является то, что при совершении рабочего хода поршня кулисный камень движется по ближайшей к поршню дуге вращения кривошипа, что уменьшает разность плеч приложения усилий в точках Тк и Тш. Другой положительной особенностью рычажного редукто- ра является превышение приращения плеча кривошипа над потерей переда- ваемого усилия рычага (коромысло-кулисы), что обеспечивает увеличение крутящего момента на коренном валу при том же действии силы поршня. The peculiarity of the lever gearbox is that when the piston travels, the rocker moves along the arc of rotation of the crank closest to the piston, which reduces the difference in the shoulders of the application of forces at points T to and T w . Another positive feature of the lever gearbox is the excess of the crank arm increment over the loss of the transmitted lever effort (rocker-link), which provides an increase in the torque on the main shaft under the same action of the piston force.
Для обеспечения равномерного приложения силы при полном обороте коренного вала двигателя целесообразно применение шести и более цилин- дровых двигателей.  To ensure uniform application of force during a full revolution of the main shaft of the engine, it is advisable to use six or more cylinder engines.
Настоящее изобретение направленно на улучшение эксплуатационных характеристик поршневых двигателей и дает возможность получать на ко- ренном валу больший крутящий момент, при тех же характеристиках порш- невой группы двигателя и расходе топлива. The present invention aims to improve operational characteristics of piston engines and makes it possible to obtain more torque on the main shaft, with the same characteristics of the piston group of the engine and fuel consumption.

Claims

ФОРМУЛА FORMULA
Рычажный редуктор крутящего момента, состоящий из коромысла- кулисы с узлом соединения с шатунно-поршневой группой, ползуна с узлом крепления к кривошипу, отличающийся тем, что коромысло-кулиса передает возвратно-поступательное движение шатунно-поршневой группы на криво- шип с увеличенной, относительно амплитуды хода поршня, амплитудой точ- ки приложения усилия, а ползун обеспечивает передачу силы на увеличенное плечо (шип) кривошипа по круговой траектории.  Lever torque reducer, consisting of a rocker arm with a connection unit with a connecting rod and piston group, a slider with an attachment point to the crank, characterized in that the rocker arm transfers the reciprocating movement of the connecting rod and piston group to the crank with an increased, relatively the amplitude of the piston stroke, the amplitude of the point of application of force, and the slider provides the transfer of force to the increased shoulder (spike) of the crank along a circular path.
PCT/RU2016/000323 2016-05-30 2016-05-30 Lever-type torque reduction gear WO2017209637A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2016/000323 WO2017209637A1 (en) 2016-05-30 2016-05-30 Lever-type torque reduction gear
RU2018126586A RU2723657C1 (en) 2016-05-30 2016-05-30 Torque reduction lever gear

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2016/000323 WO2017209637A1 (en) 2016-05-30 2016-05-30 Lever-type torque reduction gear

Publications (1)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1981003200A1 (en) * 1980-05-08 1981-11-12 J Abeillon Power amplifier for thermal motors or the like
RU109251U1 (en) * 2011-03-31 2011-10-10 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Новосибирский государственный аграрный университет CRANE DOUBLE-SLIDER GEAR WITH RISE
US20130312550A1 (en) * 2012-05-22 2013-11-28 Michael Inden Reciprocating piston mechanism with extended piston offset

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2315114A (en) * 1936-06-01 1943-03-30 F S K Mfg Company Inc Diesel engine
RU2136991C1 (en) * 1996-04-25 1999-09-10 Гофман Владимир Иосифович Leverage reducer
RU2133832C1 (en) * 1998-05-13 1999-07-27 Бродов Михаил Ефимович Method of movement conversion in link gear and link gear itself
RU2149298C1 (en) * 1998-12-07 2000-05-20 Дальневосточный государственный университет путей сообщения Opposite slider-crank mechanism
RU2256085C2 (en) * 2000-08-08 2005-07-10 Даймлеркрайслер Аг Internal combustion piston engine with variable compression ratio
RU2262608C2 (en) * 2003-12-02 2005-10-20 Абрамов Борис Николаевич Internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1981003200A1 (en) * 1980-05-08 1981-11-12 J Abeillon Power amplifier for thermal motors or the like
RU109251U1 (en) * 2011-03-31 2011-10-10 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Новосибирский государственный аграрный университет CRANE DOUBLE-SLIDER GEAR WITH RISE
US20130312550A1 (en) * 2012-05-22 2013-11-28 Michael Inden Reciprocating piston mechanism with extended piston offset

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