WO2017206427A1

WO2017206427A1 - Preparation method for antistatic fibre based on point discharge effect

Info

Publication number: WO2017206427A1
Application number: PCT/CN2016/103178
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘水平; 夏清明; 谭连江
Original assignee: 江苏启弘新材料科技有限公司
Priority date: 2016-06-04
Filing date: 2016-10-25
Publication date: 2017-12-07
Also published as: CN106065498A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a preparation method for an antistatic fibre based on the point discharge effect, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) preparing a nano conductive powder with a particle size of less than 100 nm; (2) surface modification of the nano conductive powder: performing surface modification on the nano conductive powder through a high-speed kneading machine, and spraying a surface modifier through an atomization device to be mixed with the nano conductive powder; (3) preparing an antistatic masterbatch: uniformly mixing the surface-modified nano conductive powder obtained in step (2) with a resin powder, and blending, granulating and extruding the mixed raw materials by a twin-screw extruder so as to obtain the antistatic masterbatch; and (4) drying the antistatic masterbatch and then uniformly mixing same with a basic resin slice, and feeding into a feeder of a spinning machine for melt spinning at a spinning speed of 600-3,000 m/min with the initial pressure of a spinning pack being 8-16 MPa, so as to obtain the antistatic fibre. In the present invention, a functional masterbatch is prepared and spinning is performed by preparation and surface modification of a nano conductive powder, and antistatic fibres with different colours are prepared.

Description

Preparation method of antistatic fiber based on tip discharge effect

Technical field

The invention relates to a preparation method of an antistatic fiber based on a tip discharge effect, and belongs to the technical field of functional textile materials.

Background technique

Antistatic problem has always been a persistent problem faced by chemical fiber fabrics. At present, some solutions have been solved, for example, from the origin of fibers, and conductive fibers can be prepared, for example, conductive fibers are prepared by high addition amount and composite spinning technology, and conductive materials are used. The powder is ATO, AZO, ITO, or conductive carbon black. The electrical resistance of the fiber can reach 106 ohms or less, which can fully meet the antistatic requirements of the fabric. It is widely used in some safety fields. However, such fibers also have irreparable defects: first, the cost is too high, the current price of white conductive fibers is about 250,000/ton, which is unacceptable for traditional textiles; second, the mechanical properties of fibers are poor, currently There are more and more knitted fabrics, especially the application of warp knitted fabrics, but the mechanical properties of the fibers are also high. The conductive fibers can not meet the requirements of knitting tension, and it is difficult to use them in the knitting field. The diameter of the fiber is too thick. The single fiber fineness of the conductive fiber on the market is about 6-10D, which will produce a strong itching and affect the feel and style of the fabric. Fourth, the color difference of the fiber, the conductive fiber generally has color. At present, the market is dominated by black, gray or light-colored conductive wires. The difference in these colors will cause the fabric to form stripes or invisible lines, which will affect the visual effect of the fabric. At present, the preparation technology of conductive fibers is still in the hands of developed countries such as the United States and Japan, and is also unfavorable for the development of Chinese products. At present, more fabrics are used on the market. Antistatic finishing to achieve the antistatic function of the fabric, this method is relatively low in cost compared to the use of conductive fibers, and is also effective for most fabric manufacturers. However, although this method is cheap and effective, it also has inevitable defects: (1) additional pollution, currently generally using antistatic agents after finishing, increasing the degree of pollution of wastewater, but also increasing the difficulty of wastewater treatment; (2) The durability is not enough. The antistatic finishing method currently used is not good in washing resistance. Generally, there are few washing resistances that can meet the standard requirements, which is not conducive to the export of textiles, reduces the competitive advantage of textiles, and increases the dispute in trade. .

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a method for preparing an antistatic fiber based on a tip discharge effect, which is prepared by preparing a nano-conductive powder and surface modification to prepare a functional masterbatch and spinning. Color antistatic fiber.

According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, a method for preparing an antistatic fiber based on a tip discharge effect, comprising the steps of:

(1) preparing a nano-conductive powder having a particle diameter of less than 100 nm;

(2) Surface modification of nano-conductive powder: the nano-conductive powder is surface-modified by a high-speed kneader at a temperature of 20 to 90 ° C, a stirring speed of 500 to 2000 rpm, and a surface modifier is sprayed through an atomizing device. Mixed with the nano-conductive powder, the surface modifier is added in an amount of 1 to 5 wt% of the mass of the nano-conductive powder, and mixed at a high speed for 30 to 90 min;

(3) Preparation of antistatic masterbatch: the nanometer conductive powder modified by the surface of step (2) is uniformly mixed with the resin powder, and the nanometer conductive powder accounts for 10 to 50% by weight of the whole mass, and the mixed raw material is double Screw extrusion blending granulation extrusion to obtain antistatic masterbatch;

(4) Drying the antistatic masterbatch at a temperature of 100 to 180 ° C for 2 to 8 hours; The electro masterbatch is uniformly mixed with the basic resin slice, and is fed into a feeder of the spinning machine for melt spinning, the spinning speed is 600-3000 m/min, and the initial pressure of the spinning assembly is 8-16 MPa, and the antistatic is obtained. fiber.

In a specific embodiment, the step (1) of the nano-conductive powder is prepared by jet milling.

In a specific embodiment, the nano-conductive powder is a metal oxide, a metal sulfide or a carbon-based conductive material.

In a specific embodiment, the nano-conductive powder is titanium dioxide, nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, tin oxide, antimony-doped tin dioxide (ATO), cuprous oxide, iron sulfide, Conductive carbon black, graphite, graphene or carbon nanotubes.

In a specific embodiment, the surface modifier in the step (2) is an active silicone series surface modifier or a titanate series surface modifier.

In a specific embodiment, the resin powder in the step (3) is a PET powder, a PBT powder, a PTT powder, a PC powder, a nylon 6 powder, a nylon 66 powder, a polypropylene powder or a poly Ethylene powder.

In a specific embodiment, the base resin slice is a polyester-based slice, a polyolefin-based slice, or a polyamide-based slice.

In a specific embodiment, the base resin slice is a PET slice, a PBT slice, a PTT slice, a polyethylene slice, a polypropylene slice, a PA6 slice, or a PA66 slice.

In a specific embodiment, the antistatic fiber has a single filament fineness of 0.5 to 10D.

The invention adopts a new antistatic mechanism to prepare new antistatic fiber, the fiber diameter can be made into ultrafine fiber, the fiber can be made white, and has permanent antistatic function, mechanical The performance can reach the standard of ordinary fiber, fully meet the requirements of various weaving, the cost is equivalent to the antistatic finishing, only one quarter of the white conductive fiber is used, which reduces the pollution. The invention can expand the export of textiles and upgrade the textiles. Added value.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is an SEM image of the antistatic fiber obtained in the present invention.

detailed description

The invention will now be further described with reference to the specific drawings.

Example 1: A method for preparing an antistatic fiber based on a tip discharge effect, comprising the following steps:

(1) preparing a nano-conductive powder having a particle diameter of less than 100 nm by means of jet pulverization; the nano-conductive powder is titanium dioxide;

(2) Surface modification of nano-conductive powder: the nano-conductive powder is surface-modified by a high-speed kneader at a temperature of 20 ° C and a stirring speed of 500 rpm, and the surface modifier is sprayed into the nano-conductive powder through an atomizing device. Body mixing, the surface modifier is added in an amount of 1 wt% of the mass of the nano-conductive powder, and mixed at a high speed for 90 min; the surface modifier is an active silicone series surface modifier;

(3) Preparation of antistatic masterbatch: The nanometer conductive powder modified by the surface of step (2) is uniformly mixed with the resin powder, and the resin powder is made of PBT resin powder, and the nanometer conductive powder accounts for 10% by weight of the whole mass. The mixed raw materials are extruded by twin-screw extrusion and granulation, and the processing temperature is 270 ° C to obtain antistatic masterbatch;

(4) drying the antistatic masterbatch at a temperature of 100 ° C for 8 hours; uniformly mixing the antistatic masterbatch with the basic resin slice, feeding the feeder of the spinning machine for melt spinning, basic tree The fat slice was made of PET slice, the spinning temperature was 255 ° C, the spinning speed was 600 m/min, and the initial pressure of the spinning assembly was 8 MPa, and the antistatic fiber was obtained. The color of the antistatic fiber could be white, black, light color, etc. Different colors.

The mechanical properties of the antistatic fiber obtained in Example 1 were tested as follows: the strength was 2.13 cn/dtex, and the elongation at break was 19%, which satisfied the requirements of various weaving methods, and the diameter of the single fiber was 1 D (7 μm). Developed various fabrics such as flat cloth and velvet. Its resistance is 109 ohms, which is less than the national standard requirement of 1011 ohms. The prepared fabric has a static charge escape period of 2.6 seconds, which is also less than the national standard requirement of 15 seconds. Antistatic property and light color. Conductive filaments have comparable properties.

Figure 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of antistatic fiber. It can be seen from the picture that conductive particles with a particle size of less than 100 nm form a uniform distribution on the surface of the fiber. These small protrusions are the "needle tips", which are produced in fibers and fabrics. When the static charge is applied, the charge can be ionized and the discharge is completed. This process is very fast, which gives the fiber excellent antistatic function, and these evenly distributed particles can effectively absorb ultraviolet rays and have a good anti-ultraviolet effect. At the same time, evenly distributed protrusions also give the fiber another function "Lotus effect", which is a self-cleaning function, and these particles themselves have an antibacterial effect and also impart antibacterial function to the fibers.

Example 2: A method for preparing an antistatic fiber based on a tip discharge effect, comprising the following steps:

(1) preparing a nano-conductive powder having a particle diameter of less than 100 nm by means of jet pulverization; the nano-conductive powder is nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide;

(2) Surface modification of nano-conductive powder: surface modification of nano-conductive powder by high-speed kneader, temperature is 90 ° C, stirring speed is 2000 rev / min, surface modification The agent is sprayed into the nano-conductive powder through the atomization device, and the surface modifier is added in an amount of 5 wt% of the mass of the nano-conductive powder, and mixed at a high speed for 30 min; the surface modifier is a titanate series surface modifier;

(3) Preparation of antistatic masterbatch: The nanometer conductive powder modified by the surface of step (2) is uniformly mixed with the resin powder, and the resin powder is made of PBT resin powder, and the nanometer conductive powder accounts for 50% by weight of the whole mass. The mixed raw materials are extruded by twin-screw extrusion and granulation, and the processing temperature is 270 ° C to obtain antistatic masterbatch;

(4) The antistatic masterbatch is dried at a temperature of 180 ° C for 2 hours; the antistatic masterbatch is uniformly mixed with the basic resin slice, fed to a feeder of the spinning machine for melt spinning, and the basic resin section is PBT sliced. The spinning temperature is 270 ° C, the spinning speed is 3000 m / min, the initial pressure of the spinning assembly is 16 MPa, and the antistatic fiber is obtained. The color of the antistatic fiber can be white, black, light color or the like, antistatic fiber. The monofilament fineness is 10D.

Example 3: A method for preparing an antistatic fiber based on a tip discharge effect, comprising the following steps:

(1) preparing a nano-conductive powder having a particle diameter of less than 100 nm by means of jet pulverization; the nano-conductive powder is zinc oxide;

(2) Surface modification of nano-conductive powder: The nano-conductive powder is surface-modified by a high-speed kneader at a temperature of 60 ° C and a stirring speed of 1000 rpm, and the surface modifier is sprayed into the nano-conductive powder through an atomizing device. Body mixing, the surface modifier is added in an amount of 2 wt% of the mass of the nano-conductive powder, and mixed at a high speed for 60 min; the surface modifier is an active silicone series surface modifier;

(3) Preparation of antistatic masterbatch: The nanometer conductive powder modified by the step (2) is uniformly mixed with the resin powder, and the resin powder is made of PBT resin powder, and the nano conductive powder accounts for 20% by weight of the whole mass. The mixed raw materials are extruded by twin-screw extrusion and granulation, and the processing temperature is 270 ° C to obtain antistatic masterbatch;

(4) The antistatic masterbatch is dried at 160 ° C for 6 hours; the antistatic masterbatch is uniformly mixed with the basic resin slice, fed to a feeder of the spinning machine for melt spinning, and the basic resin slice is made of polyethylene slice. The spinning temperature is 130 ° C, the spinning speed is 1000 m / min, the initial pressure of the spinning assembly is 10 MPa, and the antistatic fiber is obtained. The color of the antistatic fiber can be white, black, light color or the like, antistatic The fiber has a single filament fineness of 0.5D.

The invention proposes a practical solution to the problem of static charge accumulation of synthetic fibers, and not only solves the problem of static electricity of synthetic fibers, but also the way of uniform distribution of nano powders without damaging the physical and chemical properties of synthetic fibers. The fiber and its fabrics are provided with antibacterial, anti-ultraviolet and self-cleaning functions, which increase the added value of fibers and fabrics and expand their application in the textile range.

Since the antistatic powder is evenly distributed on the surface and inside of the fiber, it imparts antibacterial and self-cleaning functions to the fiber, and the nano powder has a diameter of less than 100 nm, which can effectively absorb ultraviolet rays, especially the far ultraviolet rays which can cause cancer. Absorbed with good UV resistance.

The invention can superimfine the conductive powder, and when the particle diameter is less than 100 nm, the charge concentration of the tip (about 100 nm in diameter) can be simulated to make the surrounding air highly ionized and become a conductor, so that the static charge is quickly released into the ionized air. To solve synthetic fibers The problem of static charge accumulation of the dimension solves the antistatic problem of the finished fabric and improves the added value of the fiber and the fabric. The present technology proposes a new solution to solve the electrostatic problem of synthetic fibers and fabrics thereof, and at the same time imparts anti-UV, antibacterial and self-cleaning functions to fibers and fabrics, and broadens the scope for the application of synthetic fibers.

Claims

A method for preparing an antistatic fiber based on a tip discharge effect, comprising the steps of:

(1) preparing a nano-conductive powder having a particle diameter of less than 100 nm;

(2) Surface modification of nano-conductive powder: the nano-conductive powder is surface-modified by a high-speed kneader at a temperature of 20 to 90 ° C, a stirring speed of 500 to 2000 rpm, and a surface modifier is sprayed through an atomizing device. Mixed with the nano-conductive powder, the surface modifier is added in an amount of 1 to 5 wt% of the mass of the nano-conductive powder, and mixed at a high speed for 30 to 90 min;

(3) Preparation of antistatic masterbatch: the nanometer conductive powder modified by the surface of step (2) is uniformly mixed with the resin powder, and the nanometer conductive powder accounts for 10 to 50% by weight of the whole mass, and the mixed raw material is double Screw extrusion blending granulation extrusion to obtain antistatic masterbatch;

(4) Drying the antistatic masterbatch at a temperature of 100-180 ° C for 2-8 hours; mixing the antistatic masterbatch with the basic resin slice uniformly, feeding the feeder of the spinning machine for melt spinning, spinning speed The antistatic fiber is obtained at an initial pressure of 8 to 16 MPa of 600 to 3000 m/min and a spinning assembly.
The method for preparing an antistatic fiber based on a tip discharge effect according to claim 1, wherein the step (1) of the nano conductive powder is prepared by air flow pulverization.
The method for preparing an antistatic fiber based on a tip discharge effect according to claim 1, wherein the nanoconductive powder is a metal oxide, a metal sulfide or a carbon-based conductive material.
Preparation of antistatic fiber based on tip discharge effect according to claim 3 The method is characterized in that: the nano conductive powder is titanium dioxide, nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, tin oxide, antimony-doped tin dioxide (ATO), cuprous oxide, iron sulfide, and conductive Carbon black, graphite, graphene or carbon nanotubes.
The method for preparing an antistatic fiber based on a tip discharge effect according to claim 1, wherein the surface modifier in the step (2) is an active silicone series surface modifier or a titanate series surface modifier.
The method for preparing an antistatic fiber based on a tip discharge effect according to claim 1, wherein the resin powder in the step (3) is a PET powder, a PBT powder, a PTT powder, a PC powder, Nylon 6 powder, nylon 66 powder, polypropylene powder or polyethylene powder.
The method for producing an antistatic fiber based on a tip discharge effect according to claim 1, wherein the base resin chip is a polyester chip, a polyolefin chip or a polyamide chip.
The method for preparing an antistatic fiber based on a tip discharge effect according to claim 7, wherein the basic resin slice is a PET slice, a PBT slice, a PTT slice, a polyethylene slice, a polypropylene slice, a PA6 slice or a PA66. slice.
The method for preparing an antistatic fiber based on a tip discharge effect according to claim 1, wherein the antistatic fiber has a single filament fineness of 0.5 to 10D.