WO2017206127A1

WO2017206127A1 - Multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3d printing, and nozzle valve control system

Info

Publication number: WO2017206127A1
Application number: PCT/CN2016/084392
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈名乔
Original assignee: 深圳万为智能制造科技有限公司
Priority date: 2016-06-01
Filing date: 2016-06-01
Publication date: 2017-12-07

Abstract

A multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing comprises mounting bases (10), cylinders (20), valve needles (30), and nozzles (60). An upper section of each mounting base (10) is provided with a feeding channel (11), and one or a plural of inner holes are axially distributed in a lower section of each mounting base (10). A discharging branch opening (111) is formed in each feeding channel (11) and communicates with the upper end of each inner hole, and the lower end of each inner hole is opened. The cylinders (20) are correspondingly mounted in the inner holes of the mounting bases (10) and stretch out of the opening ends of the inner holes of the mounting bases (10). The top ends of the cylinders (20) are provided with cylinder feeding ports (401). Hollow valve cavities are formed in the cylinders (20). The valve needles (30) penetrate through the valve cavities of the cylinders (20) to be assembled on the mounting bases (10). The nozzles (60) are disposed at the end portions of the ends of the cylinders (20) stretching out of the mounting bases (10), and the tail portions of the nozzles (60) are provided with nozzle holes (601). A discharging channel (40) is formed by a gap between each valve needle (30) and the corresponding valve cavity, the discharging channel (40) communicates with the corresponding discharging branch opening (111). Each nozzle hole (601) communicates with the corresponding discharging channel (40). By means of the telescopic nozzle valve, materials are unlikely to leak or be blocked, the stability is good, the reliability is good, use is convenient, the design the 3D printing efficiency is improved.

Description

Title: Inventive Name: Multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve and nozzle valve control system for 3D printing

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of 3D printing technology, and more particularly to a multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing, and to a nozzle valve control system.

[0002]

BACKGROUND

[0004] 3D printing is a technique for manufacturing a three-dimensional product by layer-by-layer addition of materials by a 3D printing device according to a designed 3D model. This layer-by-layer stack forming technique is also referred to as additive manufacturing. 3D printing combines cutting-edge technologies in digital modeling technology, electromechanical control technology, information technology, materials science and chemistry, etc. It is a kind of rapid prototyping technology and is known as the core technology of the "third industrial revolution". Compared with traditional manufacturing technology, 3D printing does not need to make molds in advance, it does not have to remove a large amount of materials in the manufacturing process, and the final product can be obtained without complicated forging process. Therefore, structural optimization and material saving can be achieved in production. save energy. 3D printing technology is suitable for new product bursts, rapid single and small batch parts manufacturing, complex shape parts manufacturing, mold design and manufacturing, etc. It is also suitable for the manufacture of difficult materials, shape design inspection, assembly inspection and fast Reverse engineering and so on. Therefore, the 3D printing industry has received more and more attention at home and abroad, and will become the next sunrise industry with broad development prospects. At present, 3D printing has been applied in the fields of product prototyping, mold making, artistic creative products, jewelry making, etc., and can replace the traditional fine processing technology that these fields rely on. In addition, in the fields of bioengineering and medicine, construction, and clothing, the introduction of 3D printing technology has also opened up a broader space for development.

[0005] A nozzle device is required in a fused deposition (FDM) type 3D printing technology system, however, the existing nozzle device has the following problems:

[0006] 1. The nozzle diameter is not switchable, and the printing outer contour uses the same nozzle as the printing inner filling, and the high precision requirement of the outer contour cannot be satisfied with the low precision high speed printing requirement of the inner filling;

[0007] 2. The printing process proceeds to the blank area, and the printing material cannot be immediately turned off, because even if the extrusion of the printing material is stopped, the high-temperature molten material staying in the nozzle continues to flow out of the nozzle under the action of thermal expansion and gravity. Therefore, leakage is prone to occur, and the leakage of material may also change the pressure inside the nozzle. After walking through the blank area, reprinting again, there will be a period of pressure instability, which will appear;

[0008] 3, when there are more than two kinds of materials need to print on the same printer, two or more different printing nozzles on the same plane, will interfere with each other, the nozzle that is not used will scratch the other nozzle has been printed, The surface of the material that has not yet solidified.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0011] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing by overcoming the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art. With the telescopic nozzle valve of the present invention, the nozzle diameter can be switched, and the fine outer contour is printed, and the switch is switched to Small-caliber nozzles, when printing internal fill flaws without precision requirements, use large-diameter nozzles that are much larger than small-caliber nozzles to increase the printing speed by several times; when printing proceeds to the blank area, the printed material will be from the end of the nozzle hole The mechanical force between the valve needle and the nozzle cuts the material and keeps the internal pressure from changing due to material leakage. After re-printing through the blank area, there is no need to rebuild the pressure to make the printing more stable; when two or more materials are in the same Printers are printed on the printer or two nozzles with different calibers are used. The nozzles that are not in use are automatically separated from the plane being printed during the shutdown process, and there is no scratch on the printed surface.

[0012] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing, comprising:

[0013] a mounting seat, the upper portion of the mounting seat is provided with a feeding channel, the lower portion of the mounting seat is axially distributed with one or a plurality of inner holes, and the feeding channel is provided with a discharging manifold, The discharge manifolds respectively communicate with the upper end of each inner hole, and the lower end of the inner hole is a cornice;

[0014] a cylinder, the cylinder is movably mounted in an inner hole of each of the mounts, the cylinder protrudes from a mouth end of the inner hole of the mount, and a top end of the cylinder is provided a cylinder inlet; the cylinder is a hollow valve chamber;

[0015] a valve needle, the valve needle is assembled on the mounting seat through a valve cavity of each of the barrels;

[0016] a nozzle, the nozzle is disposed at an end of each of the barrel extending from one end of the mounting seat, and the nozzle tail is provided with a nozzle hole;

[0017] wherein, the gap between the valve needle and the valve cavity forms a discharge passage, the discharge passage communicates with a discharge manifold, and the nozzle hole communicates with the discharge passage.

[0018] Preferably, when the number of nozzles is set to several, the diameter of each of the nozzle holes is different. [0019] Preferably, the apertures of the nozzle holes are arranged from small to large.

[0020] Preferably, the cylinder body is axially moved in the inner hole of the mounting seat by a fluid force transmission method.

[0021] Preferably, the upper and lower sections of the inner hole of the mounting seat are respectively provided with an upper sealing member and a lower sealing member in contact with the outer peripheral edge of the upper portion of the upper portion of the cylinder and the outer peripheral edge of the lower portion.

[0022] Preferably, the cylinder is provided with a cylindrical cylinder with an enlarged diameter in a middle portion between the upper seal and the lower seal.

[0023] Preferably, at least one annular groove is disposed on the cylindrical side wall of the cylinder.

[0024] Preferably, the mounting seat is segmented, and each segment is locked and fixed by a fastening bolt. The fastening bolts can be located inside the mount to lock the sections from the inside.

[0025] Preferably, the annular groove is filled with a sliding sealing material, and the cylinder is sealed and slidably connected with the inner hole of the mounting seat.

[0026] Preferably, the sliding sealing material is a solid sliding sealing material.

[0027] Preferably, the solid sliding sealing material is expanded graphite.

[0028] Preferably, there is a first fluid chamber between the cylinder cylinder and the upper seal, and a second fluid chamber between the cylinder cylinder and the lower seal.

[0029] Preferably, the first fluid chamber is connected to the first fluid valve through the first fluid through hole.

[0030] Preferably, the second fluid chamber is connected to the second fluid valve through the second fluid through hole.

[0031] Preferably, at least one positioning bolt is connected to the top or one side of the valve needle, and the positioning bolt fixes the valve needle to the upper end surface of the inner hole of the mounting seat. Of course, other positioning means can be used to secure the valve needle to the mounting seat, or the upper section of the valve needle can form a unitary structure directly with the mounting seat.

[0032] Preferably, the positioning screw extends from the outside of the mounting seat into the mounting seat and is locked with the top of the valve needle.

[0033] Preferably, the upper portion of the cylinder is provided with a limiting through slot, and the limiting through slot is slidingly engaged with the limit button on the top side of the valve needle to align the inlet of the cylinder with the discharge opening .

[0034] Preferably, the outer periphery of the mounting seat is provided with a heating device.

[0035] Preferably, the heating device is an electric heating device.

[0036] Preferably, the upper portion of the mounting seat is further provided with a feeding channel; the feeding channel is further provided with a screw The lower end of the feed channel is sequentially connected to the discharge manifold and the cylinder feed port.

[0037] Preferably, the tail cone of the valve needle is enlarged to block the nozzle hole, and the enlarged diameter thereof is adapted to the nozzle aperture.

[0038] Preferably, the nozzle is provided with a stepped surface or a tapered surface. When the nozzle is closed, the stepped surface or the tapered surface is in contact with the tapered surface of the valve needle; and the nozzle is disengaged when the nozzle is snaking.

[0039] Preferably, during the movement stroke of the cylinder, the effective flow area of the nozzle hole is continuously changed, and the flow rate of the nozzle hole can be adjusted from zero to the maximum value.

[0040] In an equivalent manner, the cylinder is fixedly mounted on the mounting seat, and the valve needle moves up and down in a valve cavity of the cylinder, and blocks the lower limit position of the valve needle moving stroke. The nozzle hole can adjust the flow rate of the nozzle hole from zero to the maximum during the moving stroke.

[0041] Preferably, the cylinder is provided with four, and the valve needle matched with the cylinder is also provided with four.

[0042] Preferably, the method further includes a pressurized gas passage, and further comprising a surrounding air chamber surrounding the outer wall of the cylinder and disposed on the inner side wall of the inner hole of the mounting seat, wherein one end of the pressure gas passage communicates with the outside The other end communicates with the surrounding air chamber, and continuously presses the pressure gas into the surrounding air chamber through the pressure gas passage, and the pressure of the pressure gas is greater than or equal to the pressure of the molten material in the discharge passage, so that the molten material cannot be printed from the molten material. The outer wall of the cylinder and the inner hole of the mounting seat flow out.

[0043] Preferably, a plurality of pressure gas passages and a surrounding air chamber may be disposed along the axial direction of the cylinder. A plurality of gas seal rings are formed on the outer wall of the cylinder. Solve the problem that the pressure of a single surrounding air chamber is too fast, and the stability and reliability are better.

[0044] The present invention also provides a nozzle valve control system, including:

[0045] a control circuit;

[0046] a fluid source, under the control of the control circuit, a controlled pressure fluid is introduced into the second fluid chamber and the first fluid chamber to drive the cylinder up and down to achieve the closing of the nozzle.

[0047] Preferably, the fluid source supplies a gas such as nitrogen, air or other inert gas.

[0048] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0049] 1. With the telescopic nozzle valve of the present invention, the nozzle diameter can be switched, the fine outer contour 打印 is printed, and the small-caliber nozzle is switched. When the internal filling 没有 without precision is printed, the use is larger than the small-caliber nozzle. The caliber nozzle increases the printing speed several times. [0050] 2. When the printing proceeds to the blank area, the printing material cuts the material from the end of the nozzle hole by the mechanical force between the valve needle and the nozzle, and maintains the internal pressure so as not to change due to material leakage. The blank area is reprinted, and there is no need to rebuild the pressure to make the print more stable.

[0051] 3. When two or more materials are printed on the same printer or two nozzles with different calibers are used, the nozzles that are not used are automatically separated from the plane being printed during the shutdown process, and will not be correct. The printed surface has any scratches.

[0052] 4. The invention adopts fluid force transmission control, and the fluid can be gas, liquid, liquid metal, flowable powder, flowable particles, etc., and the fluid valve can remotely control multiple nozzles away from the printed high temperature zone. Closed.

[0053] 5. In addition to the above-mentioned beneficial functions, in the case of a large area filled printing area, a plurality of channels can be simultaneously ejected for 3D printing materials, which can greatly improve the printing speed; There are several modes, two adjacent channels are discharged simultaneously to accelerate the filling; the adjacent three channels are discharged simultaneously to accelerate the filling; two or three channels of the interval are simultaneously discharged to accelerate Filling; All channels are discharged simultaneously to accelerate the filling; After accelerating the filling, the nozzles can be controlled to be slammed and closed, such as near the end of filling, and the nozzles with larger diameters are successively closed.

[0054] 6. The mounting seat of the invention adopts a segmented arrangement to facilitate installation of expanded graphite, and the use of expanded graphite as a sliding sealing material is very reliable, the telescopic nozzle valve is operated at a high temperature, and the common sealing material is difficult to be at a high temperature. Stable presence, the pre-expansion expansion of expanded graphite produces a constant pressure on the sealing part, and can act as a solid lubricant to reduce the friction. When the sealing surface wears, the expansion of the expanded graphite will automatically compensate the sealing surface. Expanded graphite can achieve a reliable seal for a long time.

[0055] 7. The contact gap between the nozzle and the valve needle of the invention continuously changes, the flow rate of the printing material can be adjusted, and different flow rates of the plurality of nozzles can be combined to meet more complicated printing requirements;

[0056] 8. The invention has good stability, good reliability, convenient operation and use, novel design, strong practicability and easy application.

[0057]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a bottom plan view of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the portion A of Figure 1;

[0062] Reference numerals:

[0063] mount 10; feed channel 11; discharge manifold 111; screw 112;

[0064] the cylinder 20; the upper seal 201; the lower seal 202; the cylinder cylinder 21; the annular groove 211;

[0065] valve needle 30; positioning bolt 31; limit button 32;

[0066] a discharge passage 40; a cylinder inlet port 401; a limit through slot 402;

[0067] a first fluid chamber 51; a first fluid through hole 511; a second fluid chamber 52; a second fluid through hole 521;

[0068] surrounding the gas chamber 53; pressure gas channel 531;

[0069] nozzle 60; nozzle hole 601;

[0070] Heating device 80.

[0071] The implementation, functional features, and advantages of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments thereof.

[0072]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and the examples of the embodiments are illustrated in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals are used to refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting.

[0075] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "previous" ", "after", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "shun", "reverse", etc. The orientation or positional relationship of the indications is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for the convenience of the description of the invention and the simplified description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to has a specific orientation, in a specific orientation. The construction and operation are therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention.

[0076] In the present invention, the terms "installation", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like are to be understood broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection or a Removable connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, which can be the internal communication between the two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the present invention provides a multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing, which solves the problem that the nozzle 60 can not be switched during printing, and includes a mounting seat 10, a cylinder 20, and a valve needle. And a nozzle 60, wherein the mounting seat 10 has one or a plurality of inner holes distributed along the axial direction thereof, and a top portion or a side surface of each of the inner holes has a discharge port 111; The moving body is installed in each inner hole of the mounting base 10, the cylindrical body 20 protrudes from the mounting end 10, and the top end of each of the cylindrical bodies 20 is opposite to the discharging opening 111. a cylindrical inlet 401 is provided; each of the cylinders 20 is provided with a valve chamber disposed along an axial direction thereof; each of the valve needles 30 passes through a corresponding valve cavity of the cylinder 20 and is fixed Mounted on the mounting base 10, a gap between the valve needle 30 and the valve cavity forms a discharge passage 40 that is electrically connected to the cylinder inlet 401; the nozzle 60 is disposed in each of the cylinders The body 20 extends beyond the end of the mounting end 10, and the nozzle 60 is provided with a nozzle hole 601 at the end. The various components of the present invention may be formed from a metal such as iron or other alloy material. The nozzle 60 is screwed to the barrel 20. In order to increase the capacity of the feed passage 11, the diameter of the middle portion of the valve needle 30 is reduced, and of course, the inner diameter of the middle portion of the inner wall of the cylinder can be increased to achieve the same function.

[0078] In the above embodiment, by providing the cylinder 20 and the valve needle 30 for dynamically snoring or closing the discharge passage 40, thereby controlling the supply state of the hot material for 3D printing, the present invention is suitable for 3D printers. The material supply mechanism can also be used in other spray equipment. The present invention can be used in combination with a material extruder, and the use of the existing 3D printing extruder in combination with the telescopic nozzle 60 of the present invention is within the scope of the present invention.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the number of nozzles 60 is set to several, the diameter of each of the nozzle holes 601 is different.

The small-diameter nozzle 60 has a high printing precision, and the large-diameter nozzle 60 has a high discharging speed.

[0080] In one embodiment of the invention, the apertures of the nozzle holes 601 are arranged from small to large.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the apertures of the plurality of nozzle holes 601 are arranged in a sequence of equal or a series in the direction of the right or the reverse or the direction of the straight line.

[0082] 1. The general term formula of the arithmetic progression column: an=al+(n−l)*d, al=2, d=2, n is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0083] 2. The general term formula of the geometric series: an=al*qn-l, al=2, q=2, n is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0084] Taking four nozzles 60 as an example: four nozzles 60 may be arranged in a linear direction; they may also be arranged in a ring shape, or three may be distributed on the circumference and another nozzle 60 may be distributed at the dots; four nozzles 60 The caliber can be 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm; it can also be 2mm, 4mm, 8mm, 16mm. If it is a straight line The arrangement of the four nozzles 60 is arranged in the order of 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm or 2mm, 4mm, 8mm, 16mm; if the four nozzles 60 are generally arranged in a ring shape, the needles or the reverse needles are In the direction, the apertures of the four nozzles 60 are arranged in the order of 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm or 2mm, 4mm, 8mm, 16mm; if three are distributed on the circumference and the other nozzle 60 is distributed at the circle, the circumference The three nozzles 60 are arranged in the order of 2mm, 4mm, 6mm or 2mm, 4mm, 8mm according to the direction of the needle or the reverse needle, and the dot is 8mm or 16mm.

[0085] For the case where four nozzles 60 are provided, there are also the following cases: The nozzle holes 601 of the four nozzles 60 are respectively named as nozzle holes 601 caliber A

, nozzle hole 601 caliber B, nozzle hole 601 caliber C, nozzle hole 601 caliber D, then the diameter of the four nozzles 60 may be:

[0086] 1. Nozzle hole 601 caliber eight = nozzle hole 601 caliber: 8 = nozzle hole 601 caliber. <nozzle hole 601 caliber D;

[0087] 2, nozzle hole 601 caliber eight = nozzle hole 601 caliber: 8 < nozzle hole 601 caliber. = nozzle hole 601 caliber D;

[0088] 3, nozzle hole 601 caliber A = nozzle hole 601 caliber B < nozzle hole 601 caliber C < nozzle hole 601 caliber D;

[0089] 4. Nozzle hole 601 caliber eight <nozzle hole 601 caliber: 8 = nozzle hole 601 caliber. = nozzle hole 601 caliber D;

[0090] All of the above are also within the scope of the present invention. Further, if three or five or six or eight or more nozzles 60 设置 are provided, the above-described variations of the caliber are also within the scope of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 2, when the nozzle 60 is provided with six turns, the diameter of the nozzle 60 may be 2 mm, 4 mm, 8 mm, 16 mm, 32 mm or 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm.

[0091] It is assumed that eight nozzles 60 are provided and divided into two groups, each group including four nozzles 60 having the second change in diameter. When one nozzle 60 in a certain group is blocked or needs to be replaced, another group may be used. Instead, it is used to achieve redundancy. Depending on the frequency of use of the nozzle 60, the number of small-diameter nozzles 60 that are easily blocked can be set to a plurality of, increasing the reliability of the operation of the device. When a small-caliber nozzle 60 is blocked, the same diameter can be activated. The nozzle 60 keeps the printing process continuous. The five nozzles 60 is provided, which is a diameter of the other points ¹ J 2mm, 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm or 2mm, 2mm, 4mm, 8mm, 16m m. It is within the scope of the present invention to provide a plurality of sets of nozzles 60 on the nozzles of the nozzles 60 for enhancing redundancy and enhancing the reliability of the apparatus.

[0092] In one embodiment of the present invention, the movement mode of the cylinder 20 is further limited: the cylinder 20 is axially moved in the inner hole of the mounting seat 10 by pneumatic or hydraulic means. Further, the inner hole The cross section is circular. The hydraulic mode can be hydraulic oil or liquid metal or flowable powder or flowable particles. Pneumatic method is the most preferred method. At high temperatures, the gas is not easily decomposed and deteriorated by heat; if air is used.

[0093] In the above embodiment, by controlling the axial movement state of the cylinder 20 to control the closing of the discharge passage 40, when the cylinder 20 moves to move the nozzle 60 away from the valve needle 30, the printing material is discharged from the nozzle. The hole 601 flows out. When the barrel 20 moves so that the nozzle 60 contacts the valve needle 30, the valve needle 30, the barrel 20 and the nozzle 60 form a closed structure, so that the material does not flow out of the discharge passage 40. Therefore, it should be noted that at the same time, one or several nozzles 60 may be closed. Therefore, the telescopic nozzle 60 of the present invention realizes the switching of the nozzle 60 diameter, and can simultaneously realize the concurrent multi-channel material supply. .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper and lower sections of the inner hole of the mounting seat 10 are respectively provided with an upper sealing member 201 and a lower sealing member 202 in contact with the outer peripheral edge of the upper portion of the upper portion of the cylindrical body 20 and the outer peripheral edge of the lower portion. The cylinder 20 has a cylindrical cylinder 21 of enlarged diameter in the middle between the upper seal member 201 and the lower seal member 202 (the concrete tube is a piston). At least one annular groove 211 is defined in the side wall of the cylinder cylinder 21. The upper seal member 201 and the lower seal member 202 are grooves filled with a solid sliding sealing material, such as filled expanded graphite. The number of the cylindrical cylinders 21 can also be set to several.

[0095] In the above embodiment, one or several annular grooves 211 may be disposed on the cylindrical cylinder 21, and the depth and width of each annular groove 211 are not particularly limited, and the shape of the annular groove 211 It can also be unregulated 1J. The annular groove 211 has a circular arc shape, a V shape or the like.

[0096] In one embodiment of the present invention, two annular grooves 211 are disposed on the side wall of the cylinder cylinder 21 at intervals. Further, the shapes of the two annular grooves 211 are identical.

In order to further improve the sealing performance of the present invention, in an embodiment of the present invention, the annular groove 211 is filled with a sliding sealing material to seal and slidably connect the cylindrical body 20 with the inner hole of the mounting seat 10.

[0098] Specifically, the sliding sealing material is a solid sliding sealing material.

[0099] More specifically, the solid sliding seal material is expanded graphite.

[0100] In one embodiment of the present invention, a first fluid chamber 51 is disposed between the cylinder cylinder 21 and the upper seal 201, and a second fluid chamber 52 is disposed between the cylinder cylinder 21 and the lower seal 202. More specifically, the pressure value in the first fluid chamber 51 is always greater than or equal to the pressure value of the discharge passage 40. Therefore, the printing material in the discharge passage 40 does not leak along the outside of the cylinder 20, and acts as a pressure seal. Function, first fluid chamber 51, second flow The body chamber 52 is a sealed space. When the valve of the telescopic nozzle 60 is operated, the first fluid chamber 51 is always filled with fluid to maintain the sealing performance. Since the fluid pressure of the first fluid chamber 51 is higher than the pressure of the discharge passage 40, the material in the discharge passage 40 does not leak. Achieve the effect of a gas seal or a liquid seal.

[0101] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second fluid chamber 52 is connected to the fluid source through the second fluid through hole 521, the second fluid chamber 52 has two air pressure states, and the first state is the second fluid chamber. The pressure value of 52 is higher than the pressure value of the first fluid chamber 51. Thereafter, the barrel 20 is in an upward movement state, the nozzle 60 is closed to the valve needle 30 discharge passage 40; the second state is the second fluid The pressure value of the chamber 52 is lower than the pressure value of the first fluid chamber 51. Thereafter, the cylinder 20 is in an extended state, and the discharge passage 40 is opened. Further, in a further development, the first fluid chamber 51 and the second fluid chamber 52 may be interchanged in position, but the control method thereof is adjusted accordingly.

[0102] In one embodiment of the invention, the first fluid chamber 51 is connected to the first fluid valve through the first fluid through hole 511. The second fluid chamber 52 is connected to the second fluid valve through the second fluid through hole 521, and the first fluid through hole 511 and the second fluid through hole 521 are controlled by providing the first fluid valve and the second fluid valve. Closed.

[0103] In one embodiment of the present invention, at least one positioning bolt 31 (preferably two) is connected to the top or one side of the valve needle 30, and the positioning bolt 31 fixes the valve needle 30 to the The upper end surface of the inner hole of the mount 10. The set screw extends into the mount 10 from the outside of the mount 10 and is locked with the top of the valve needle 30.

[0104] In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper portion of the cylinder 20 is provided with a limiting through slot 402, and the limiting through slot 4

02 is slidably engaged with the limit button 32 on the top side of the valve needle 30 for aligning the barrel inlet 401 with the discharge port 111, wherein the valve needle 30 has an inverted L shape as a whole, and the horizontal bend is Limit button 32. When the barrel 20 slides up and down, the barrel inlet 401 can also be aligned with the guide trough.

[0105] In one embodiment of the invention, a heating device 80 is disposed on an outer side of the mount 10. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heating device 80 is an electric heating device 80. A heating device 80 is disposed outside the mounting base 10 for holding the material in the discharge passage 40.

[0106] In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper portion of the mounting base 10 is further provided with a feeding passage 11; the feeding passage 11 is further provided with a screw 112; the lower end of the feeding passage 11 and the discharging The manifold 111 and the cylinder inlet 401 are sequentially turned on. [0107] In one embodiment of the present invention, the tail portion of the valve needle 30 is swollen (eg, in the shape of a spindle) for blocking the nozzle hole 601, and the expanded diameter is adapted to the diameter of the nozzle hole 601, and the enlarged tail portion also has a cone. The end of the valve needle 30 has a tip end. Thus, various modifications of the tail portion of the valve needle 30 are within the scope of the present invention.

[0108] In one embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle 60 is provided with a stepped surface or a tapered surface, and the stepped surface is in line contact or surface contact with the tapered surface of the tail portion of the valve needle 30. Thus, by using the line contact, the hot material and the nozzle 60 are less likely to stick, preventing the nozzle 60 from being clogged, and the stability of the nozzle 60 is enhanced.

[0109] In one embodiment of the present invention, the cylinder 20 is provided with four, and the valve needle 30 matched with the cylinder 20 is also provided with four. In addition, it is also possible to set the cylinder 20 to six (see Fig. 3) or more. The cylinders 20 are parallel to each other, but the spacing between the cylinders 20 is not necessarily the same.

[0110] In order to facilitate the installation, the mounting seat 10 is arranged in sections, and the adjacent two sections are fixedly connected. That is, the mounting base 10 is disposed in a lamination manner, and a fastening bolt is further disposed inside the mounting base 10 for fixing the mounting base 10. Further, a spacer or a gasket or the like is provided between the respective laminations of the mount 10. In addition, in order to fix the mounting seat 10, the following manners may be adopted: welding between adjacent two segments; or; the mounting seat 10 is arranged in sections, and the adjacent two segments are bolted.

Further, as a modification of the present invention, when four inner bores are provided in the mount 10, the material is dispersed from the discharge manifold 111 to the four discharge passages 40, which substantially realizes a five The function of the valve (multiple-pass valve) is one (into four-out). Thus, the object of the present invention can also be achieved if the internal structure of the present invention is modified into a five-way valve, which is a conventional modification of the present invention.

[0112] In order to control the multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing described above, the present invention also discloses a nozzle 60 valve control system including a control circuit; a fluid source, the fluid source is under the control of the control circuit The two fluid chambers 52 and the first fluid chamber 51 are supplied with a gas for driving the cylinder 20 to move up and down to achieve the closing of the nozzle 60. Also included is a pressure measuring device for measuring gas pressure of the second fluid chamber 52 and the first fluid chamber 51; the pressure measuring device is connected to a control circuit, and the control circuit is based on a pressure measuring device The returned parameter feedback controls the pressure values of the second fluid chamber 52 and the first fluid chamber 51, thereby achieving the jacking or retracting state of the barrel 20 and the nozzle 60.

[0113] As an alternative to the pneumatic method, the present invention further provides a technical solution: the fluid source is a hydraulic system, and the hydraulic system is controlled by the control circuit to the second fluid chamber 52 and the first fluid chamber 51. Through The hydraulic oil controls the movement state of the cylinder 20 and the nozzle 60 by controlling the oil pressure values in the second fluid chamber 52 and the first fluid chamber 51.

[0114] An embodiment of the present invention further includes a signal triggering module, wherein the signal triggering module sends a trigger signal to the control circuit under the trigger of the 3D printing program; the control circuit sends the trigger signal to the first fluid valve and the Or the second fluid valve sends a control signal to specifically control the opening or closing of the first fluid through hole 511 and/or the second fluid through hole 521.

[0115] In one embodiment of the invention, the first fluid through hole 511 is maintained in a normally closed state, and the fluid source continuously supplies gas to the first fluid chamber 51 under the control of the control circuit.

[0116] In one embodiment of the invention, the pressure value of the first fluid chamber 51 is higher than the actual pressure of the discharge material of the discharge passage 40. More specifically, the pressure value of the first fluid chamber 51 is higher than the upper limit threshold at which the discharge passage 40 can reach the pressure.

[0117] As a degraded embodiment, the cylinder 20 is fixedly mounted on the mounting seat 10, and the valve needle 30 moves up and down in the valve cavity of the cylinder 20, and the valve needle 30 The lower limit position of the moving stroke blocks the nozzle hole 601, and the flow rate of the nozzle hole 601 can be adjusted from zero to the maximum during the moving stroke.

[0118] Further, the cylinder 20 can also be driven by electromagnetic force, and the cylinder 20 can be moved up and down under the driving of electromagnetic force. Further, the tubular body 20 can also be driven by mechanical force, for example, a connecting rod is connected to the side of the cylindrical body 20, and the tubular body 20 is driven up and down by the connecting rod. It is also possible to adopt a transmission method such as a chain, a gear, a screw, or the like, or to apply a simple deformation of a mechanism for reciprocating an engine-driven piston in the prior art to the present invention, and the deformation and transformation of the reciprocating motion of the driving cylinder 20 All are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0119] Referring to FIG. 1, in order to realize the gas sealing function, the molten material in the discharge passage 40 is prevented from flowing out from the outer side wall of the cylinder 20 and the gap between the inner holes of the mounting seat 10, thereby causing material loss and pollution. In order to solve the technical problem, the present invention provides a technical solution: the pressure gas passage 531 is further included, and the outer wall of the cylinder 20 is disposed on the outer wall of the cylinder 20 and is disposed on the outer wall of the cylinder 20 The inner side wall of the inner hole of the mounting seat 10 surrounds the air chamber 53, one end of the pressure gas passage 531 communicates with the outside, and the other end communicates with the surrounding air chamber 53, and continues to the surrounding air chamber 53 through the pressure gas passage 531. The pressure gas is introduced, and the pressure of the pressure gas is greater than or equal to the pressure of the molten material in the discharge passage 40, so that the molten material cannot flow out from the outer side wall of the cylinder 20 and the inner hole of the mounting seat 10. Surrounding gas The chamber 53 is a ring groove that is disposed around the inner side wall of the inner hole of the mount 10. Since the gap between the inner hole of the mounting seat 10 and the outer side wall of the cylinder 20 is small, the gas has a pressure loss through the narrow gap. Therefore, it is assumed that only one pressurized gas passage 531 is provided, and the gas cannot be equalized circumferentially around the outer side wall of the cylindrical body 20. , in turn, can not achieve the ring leakage prevention function. Of course, if the surrounding gas chamber 53 features are removed and only a pressurized gas passage 531 is provided for gas sealing, as a deterioration scheme of the present invention: increasing the pressure value of the gas introduced from the pressure gas passage 531, The gas pressure in the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the body 20 can be greater than the pressure of the printing material in the molten state of the feed channel 11, and is also within the protection scope of the present invention. If the gap between the inner hole of the mount 10 and the outer side wall of the cylinder 20 is increased, the enlarged gap corresponds to the surrounding air chamber 53 as described above, which is a conventional variation and transformation of the present invention, and is also within the scope of the present invention. within. If the printed material reacts chemically with air, an inert gas or nitrogen may be introduced to prevent the properties of the printed material from changing.

Further, a plurality of pressure gas passages 531 and surrounding air chambers 5 3 may be disposed along the axial direction of the cylindrical body 20. The outer side wall of the cylinder 20 is formed with a plurality of gas seal rings. Solving the problem that the pressure of the single surrounding air chamber 53 is excessively attenuated, a single surrounding air chamber 53 is provided, and the pressure around the air chamber 53 is maximum, and the pressure is attenuated to both sides of the cylinder 20 by setting two or more surrounding air chambers. 53, the distribution of the air pressure in the axial direction between the outer side wall of the cylinder 20 and the inner hole of the mounting seat 10 is no longer a simple intermediate large end and small state, and the gas distribution is relatively uniform and stable, stable and reliable. Better sex.

[0121] Working principle: The hot material enters the discharge manifold 111 from the feed passage 11, and the discharge manifold 111 communicates with a plurality of cylinder feed ports 401, and the hot material flows into the discharge passage 40. When the second fluid chamber 52 on the cylinder 20 is no longer venting the gas, the air pressure of the second fluid chamber 52 is lower than the air pressure value of the first fluid chamber 51. Thereafter, the cylinder 20 is in the first fluid chamber 51. When the thrust is pushed out, the discharge passage 40 is smashed, and the material is ejected from the nozzle hole 601; when the second fluid chamber 52 and the first fluid chamber 51 on the cylinder 20 are both filled with gas, and the pressure of the second fluid chamber 52 Above the pressure 吋 of the first fluid chamber 51, the cylinder 20 is retracted under the thrust of the second fluid chamber 52, the discharge passage 40 is closed, and the material cannot flow out (spray) from the nozzle hole 601. Of course, if the positions of the first fluid chamber 51 and the second fluid chamber 52 are reversed, it is only necessary to control the pressure difference between the two, and then control the movement state of the cylinder 20 to control the closing of the valve of the telescopic nozzle 60. Furthermore, the above description is merely based on the example of air pressure control, and other fluids (such as hydraulic oil, liquid metal, fluid powder, fluid particles, etc.) can be used in the present invention. Preferably, four nozzles 60 are used in the present invention, and the diameter of each nozzle 60 can be set as needed (generally, the series of diameters of the four nozzles 60 are changed), When a nozzle 60 of a certain diameter is required to output the material 吋, the operating state of a certain cylinder 20 can be controlled by controlling the fluid source, thereby controlling the closing of a certain cylinder 20. Of course, the present invention also supports multiple channels and Issue material for higher functionality. Since one of the nozzles 60 extends beyond the other nozzles 60 in the retracted state, the other inoperative nozzles 60 do not interfere with the extruded material, the product to be processed.

[0122] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like is meant to be described in connection with the embodiment or example. Specific features, structures, materials or characteristics are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In the present specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is to be understood that Variations, modifications, alterations and variations of the above-described embodiments are possible within the scope of the invention.

technical problem

Problem solution

Advantageous effects of the invention

Claims

Claim

A multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing, comprising:

a mounting seat, an upper portion of the mounting seat is provided with a feeding passage, and one or a plurality of inner holes are distributed in the lower portion of the mounting seat, and the feeding passage is provided with a discharging manifold, the discharging difference The mouth is respectively connected to the upper end of each inner hole, and the lower end of the inner hole is a cornice;

a cylinder, the cylinder is movably mounted in an inner hole of each of the mounts, the cylinder protrudes from a mouth end of the inner hole of the mount, and the top end of the cylinder is provided with a cylinder a nozzle; the cylinder body is a hollow valve cavity;

a valve needle, the valve needle is mounted on the mounting seat through a valve cavity of each of the barrels; and a nozzle is disposed at an end of each of the barrels extending from one end of the mounting seat, a nozzle hole is arranged at the tail of the nozzle;

Wherein, the gap between the valve needle and the valve cavity forms a discharge passage, the discharge passage communicates with the discharge manifold, and the nozzle hole communicates with the discharge passage.

A multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein when the number of nozzles is set to several, the diameter of each of the nozzle holes is different.

The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 2, wherein the apertures of the nozzle holes are arranged from small to large.

A multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein said cylinder body is axially moved in a bore of said mount by fluid force transmission.

The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 4, wherein the upper and lower sections of the inner hole of the mounting seat are respectively provided with upper sealing members at the contact points of the outer peripheral edge and the outer peripheral edge of the upper section of the upper cylinder. And lower seals.

A multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 5, wherein said cylindrical body is provided with a cylindrical cylinder having an enlarged diameter in a middle portion between said upper seal member and said lower seal member.

The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 6, wherein at least one annular groove is provided on the cylindrical side wall of the cylinder.

A multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 4, wherein The seat segment is set up, and each segment is locked and fastened by a fastening bolt.

[Claim 9] The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 6, wherein the annular groove is filled with a sliding sealing material to seal the cylinder and the inner hole of the mounting seat Slide the connection.

[Claim 10] The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 9, wherein the sliding sealing material is a solid sliding sealing material.

[Claim 11] The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 10, wherein the solid sliding sealing material is expanded graphite.

[Claim 12] The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to any one of claims 6 to 11, wherein a first fluid chamber is provided between the cylindrical cylinder and the upper seal, and the cylinder There is a second fluid chamber between the body cylinder and the lower seal.

[Claim 13] The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 12, wherein the first fluid chamber is connected to the first fluid valve through the first fluid through hole.

[Claim 14] The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 12, wherein the second fluid chamber is connected to the second fluid valve through the second fluid through hole.

[Claim 15] The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein at least one positioning bolt is connected to a top or one side of the valve needle, and the positioning bolt connects the valve needle Fixed to the upper end surface of the inner hole of the mounting seat.

[Claim 16] The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 15, wherein the set screw protrudes from the outside of the mount into the mount and is locked with the top of the valve needle

[Claim 17] The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein the upper portion of the cylinder is provided with a limiting through groove, and the limiting through groove and the top side of the valve needle The limit key sliding fit is used to align the barrel feed port with the discharge manifold.

The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein a heating device is provided on an outer circumference of the mount.

The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 18, wherein the heating device is an electric heating device. The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the upper portion of the mounting seat is further provided with a feeding passage; and a screw is arranged in the feeding passage; The lower end of the feed passage and the discharge manifold and the cylinder feed port are sequentially connected to the multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein the tail of the valve needle is tapered The expansion occludes the nozzle hole, and its enlarged diameter is adapted to the nozzle aperture.

The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 21, wherein a stepped surface or a tapered surface is provided in the nozzle, and the stepped surface or the tapered surface and the tail portion of the valve needle are in a closed state of the nozzle Conical contact; disengaged when the nozzle is snoring.

The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to claim 22, wherein during the movement stroke of the cylinder, the effective flow area of the nozzle hole is continuously changed, and the flow rate of the nozzle hole can be adjusted from Zero to maximum.

The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein, in an equivalent manner, the cylinder is fixedly mounted on the mount, the valve needle Moving up and down in the valve cavity of the cylinder, the nozzle hole is blocked at the lower limit position of the valve needle moving stroke, and the flow rate of the nozzle hole can be adjusted from zero to the maximum during the moving stroke.

The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the cylinder is provided with four cylinders, and four valve needles associated with the cylinder are also provided.

The multi-channel telescopic nozzle valve for 3D printing according to any one of claims 1 to 23, further comprising a pressure gas passage, further comprising a side wall surrounding the cylinder and disposed in the mount a surrounding air chamber on the inner side wall of the hole, one end of the pressure gas passage communicates with the outside, and the other end communicates with the surrounding air chamber, and the pressure gas is continuously supplied into the surrounding air chamber through the pressure gas passage, and the pressure of the pressure gas is greater than or equal to The pressure of the molten material in the discharge channel prevents the printed material in the molten state from flowing out of the gap between the outer wall of the cylinder and the inner hole of the mount. [Claim 27] A nozzle valve control system, comprising:

Control circuit;

a fluid source, under the control of the control circuit, a controlled pressure fluid is introduced into the second fluid chamber and the first fluid chamber to drive the cylinder up and down to achieve the closing of the nozzle.