WO2017203178A2 - Electric compressor - Google Patents

Electric compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017203178A2
WO2017203178A2 PCT/FR2017/051297 FR2017051297W WO2017203178A2 WO 2017203178 A2 WO2017203178 A2 WO 2017203178A2 FR 2017051297 W FR2017051297 W FR 2017051297W WO 2017203178 A2 WO2017203178 A2 WO 2017203178A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
compressor
volute
vent hole
wheel
outlet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2017/051297
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2017203178A3 (en
Inventor
Yannick SOHIER
Julien ROUFFINEAU
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes De Controle Moteur
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Systemes De Controle Moteur filed Critical Valeo Systemes De Controle Moteur
Publication of WO2017203178A2 publication Critical patent/WO2017203178A2/en
Publication of WO2017203178A3 publication Critical patent/WO2017203178A3/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
    • F01D25/183—Sealing means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/207—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium with openings in the casing specially adapted for ambient air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F02B33/32—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type
    • F02B33/34—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with rotary pumps
    • F02B33/40—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with rotary pumps of non-positive-displacement type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F02B39/02—Drives of pumps; Varying pump drive gear ratio
    • F02B39/08—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio
    • F02B39/10—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
    • F04D29/102—Shaft sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/5853—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps heat insulation or conduction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/60—Fluid transfer
    • F05D2260/602—Drainage
    • F05D2260/6022—Drainage of leakage having past a seal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electric compressors, and more particularly to an electric supercharger.
  • an electric compressor is a device used to supercharge a heat engine, operating with an electric motor. More specifically, the compressor comprises a compressor wheel driven by an electric motor.
  • the electric compressor is placed on the air intake line of an internal combustion engine, for example in addition to a turbocharger.
  • the electric compressor plays the same role as the turbocharger, namely increase the intake pressure of the fresh gases in the engine, but is used in particular during transient phases to overcome turbocharger response time problems.
  • a dynamic sealing system is put in place between the compressor wheel and the electric motor.
  • This system consists of two segments.
  • a vent hole known from patent application UK1312334.4, is added between the two segments, to prevent the accumulation of possible pollutants that would have passed through the first segment.
  • the vent hole is connected to the turbocharger inlet via a hose which creates a slight depression to purge the vent hole.
  • the link between the vent hole and the turbocharger requires the use of a hose and an interface on the turbocharger which is expensive and bulky.
  • the present invention therefore aims to overcome one or more of the disadvantages of the devices of the prior art by providing an electric compressor whose vent hole is improved.
  • the present invention proposes an electric compressor comprising a shaft driven in rotation by an electric motor by means of bearings, the shaft driving in rotation a compressor wheel, the compressor comprising
  • thermal protection system for at least one bearing disposed between a rear plate of the compressor wheel and the wheel
  • vent hole for circulating the flow of pollutants to the outside of the compressor, the inlet of which is arranged between the bearing and the compressor wheel, and
  • vent hole being connected to the compressor scroll by means of a groove formed between the back plate of the wheel and the thermal protection system.
  • the vent hole is connected to an air inlet of the volute.
  • the vent hole is connected to an output of the volute.
  • the outlet of the vent hole at the outlet of the guide groove is extended by a communication element which opens into the volute.
  • the volute has a first opening made through the wall of the volute located at the level of the thermal protection system allowing the connection between the outlet of the vent hole and the connecting element.
  • the volute has a second opening for the connection between the connecting element and the volute.
  • the electric motor is a variable reluctance or permanent magnet motor.
  • the invention also relates to the use of an electric compressor according to the invention, in an internal combustion engine assembly.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation showing an engine integrating a system according to the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a portion of a compressor according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the present invention relates to an electric compressor equipped with a vent hole.
  • the vent hole is autonomous.
  • the term electric compressor an air compressor, volumetric or not and for example centrifugal or radial, driven by an electric motor, for the purpose of supercharging a heat engine.
  • the electric motor is an asynchronous DC or AC motor, or any type of electric motor of the same type.
  • the electric motor is a variable reluctance motor (also called SRM machine for Switched Reluctance Motor according to English terminology).
  • the electric motor is a permanent magnet motor.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an internal combustion engine assembly according to the prior art.
  • This Figure 1 is also used to describe the invention which differs from the prior art in that the vent hole is not connected to the turbocharger. All the embodiments described below from this Figure 1, except the connection of the vent hole to the turbocharger, therefore applies to the compressor according to the invention.
  • the engine assembly comprises at least three cylinders 1 associated with a device 3 for supplying the inlet gas.
  • the feed device 3 (marked by a dotted line) comprises a turbocharger 5.
  • the feed device 3 comprises an exhaust gas recirculation valve 6. According to one embodiment, the feed device 3 comprises a charge air cooler 7.
  • the feed device 3 comprises an electric compressor 9 and a bypass valve of the compressor 10.
  • the turbocharger 5 is fed by the exhaust gases of the engine 1 and by air arriving through an air inlet 8. Part of the exhaust gas is recycled to the inlet of the engine 1 via a valve 6 for recirculating the exhaust gas.
  • the gases coming from the compressor of the turbocharger 5 are then cooled by the cooler 7 and then feed the electric compressor 9.
  • the cooler is disposed downstream of the electric compressor 9.
  • the electric compressor 9 compresses the gases from the turbocharger 5 and supplies the engine 1.
  • the electric compressor comprises a vent hole whose outlet 31b is connected to the inlet of the turbocharger 5.
  • the vent hole 31 is an autonomous vent hole. More specifically, the outlet of the vent hole is connected to the electric compressor itself. Thus, in the context of the invention, the vent hole is no longer connected to the turbocharger when it is present.
  • the motor assembly concerned by the present invention differs from that of the prior art in that the compressor has an autumn vent hole.
  • the electric compressor 9 according to the invention, illustrated in FIG. 2, comprises an electric motor (not visible), and bearings 16.
  • the electric motor enables the rotation of a shaft 13 of the electric compressor via the bearings 16.
  • the shaft 13 thus rotates the wheel 14 of the compressor 9. More precisely one end of the shaft 13 is rotated by the electric motor, and another end of the shaft 13 rotates the wheel 14 of the compressor .
  • An intermediate portion 131 of the shaft 13 is protected by a rear plate 142 of the compressor wheel 14. More specifically, this rear plate 142 is disposed between the front bearing 16 and the rear face 141 of the wheel 14.
  • the rear plate 142 of the wheel 14 has a first portion 143 at the level of the sealing segments and a second portion 144 which extends the first portion 143 and is offset from the first portion 143. to be arranged at the front bearing level 16.
  • the intermediate portion 131 of the shaft 13 comprises a dynamic sealing member 29.
  • This member comprises a first sealing segment 29a positioned on the side of the compressor wheel and a second sealing segment 29b positioned on the side of the bearings 16. These segments have the role of protecting the bearings from the pollution that may come from the compartment containing the wheel 14 of the compressor.
  • the rear plate 142 of the wheel 14 has a first portion 143 at the level of the sealing segments and a second portion 144 which extends the first portion 143 and is offset from the first 143 so as to be arranged at the level of the front bearing 16.
  • the compressor comprises a compressor volute 12.
  • This volute 12 is disposed on the side of the compressor wheel 14.
  • This volute 12 conventionally, comprises an air inlet 120 disposed at the end of the compressor, in the axis of the shaft 13, and an air outlet, not visible in the figure, arranged tangentially relative to to the axis of the shaft 13.
  • vent hole 31 is added between the two segments to prevent the accumulation of any pollutants that would have passed through the first segment 29a.
  • the vent hole 31 thus makes it possible to avoid the pollution of the bearings 16 by allowing the evacuation of the pollutants by virtue of a pressure difference between the pressure of the compartment formed between the two sealing segments 29a, 29b and the pressure at the outlet of the vent hole 330.
  • the vent hole 31 is formed in the first portion 143 of the rear plate 142 of the wheel 14 at the sealing segments.
  • the compressor comprises a thermal protection system 41 for at least one bearing 16 before.
  • the protection system 41 is disposed between the rear plate 142 of the compressor wheel 14 and the wheel 14. More specifically, the thermal protection system 41 is disposed between the rear plate 142 of the compressor wheel 14 and the compression compartment. delimited by the rear face 141 of the wheel 14.
  • the thermal protection system 41 is formed by a plate of low heat conduction material.
  • the thermal protection system 41 is fixed at the level of the first portion 143 of the rear plate 142, and is arranged so as to leave a space between the thermal protection system 41 and the plate 143 back.
  • inlet and outlet are defined with respect to the flow direction of flow, in the vent hole, from the sealing compartment to another compartment or another part of the compressor.
  • the invention provides a connection between the vent hole 31 and the compressor itself. More specifically, the connection is made between the outlet 310 of the vent hole 31 and the volute 12 of the compressor 9.
  • connection between the vent hole 31 and the volute 12 is achieved by means of a guide groove 320.
  • the guide groove 320 is formed between the rear plate 142 of the wheel 14 and the thermal protection system 41.
  • the guide groove 320 opens out after the compression zone 123 of the compressor, and more precisely after the compression zone of the volute 12.
  • the outlet 330 of the vent hole at the outlet of the guide groove 320 is extended by a communication element 340 which opens into the volute 12 of the compressor. More specifically, communication element 340 which opens at the entrance to the volute 12 above a first wing 145 of the wheel 14.
  • the communication element 340 is formed by a pipe or duct.
  • the pipe is plastic or steel, or be formed directly by molding with the body of the compressor.
  • vent hole (31) is connected to an outlet of the volute (12) and arranged to obtain a venturi effect necessary for the proper operation of the vent hole.
  • the pressure difference between the outlet 330 of the vent hole 31 and the entrance into the volute makes it possible to drain the pollutants.
  • the connection between the outlet 330 of the vent hole 31 and the connecting element 340 is made at the level of the volute 12.
  • the volute comprises a first opening 121 made, for example by drilling or molding, through the wall of the volute 12 located at the level of the system 41 of thermal protection.
  • the volute has a second opening 122, made for example by drilling or molding, allowing the connection between the connecting element 340 and the volute 12.
  • the compressor according to the invention is thus configured to protect the bearings, and also the electric motor, against pollutants such as oil, recirculation gases or any other pollutants.

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electric compressor (9) having a shaft (13) rotatably driven by an electric motor via bearings (16), the shaft rotatably driving a wheel (14) of the compressor, the compressor comprising: - a system (41) for the thermal protection of at least one bearing (16) disposed between a rear plate (142) of the compressor wheel (14) and said wheel (14), - a vent hole (31) for circulating a pollutant flow towards the outside of the compressor (9), the inlet (310) of which is disposed between the bearing (16) and the compressor wheel (14), and - a volute (12) arranged on the side where the compressor wheel (14) is located, the vent hole (31) being connected to the volute (12) of the compressor (9) via a groove (320) formed between the rear plate (142) of the wheel and the thermal protection system (41).

Description

COMPRESSEUR ELECTRIQUE  ELECTRIC COMPRESSOR
La présente invention concerne le domaine des compresseurs électriques, et plus particulièrement un compresseur électrique de suralimentation. The present invention relates to the field of electric compressors, and more particularly to an electric supercharger.
Dans le cadre de l'invention, un compresseur électrique est un dispositif, utilisé pour suralimenter un moteur thermique, fonctionnant avec un moteur électrique. Plus précisément, le compresseur comporte une roue de compresseur entraînée par un moteur électrique.  In the context of the invention, an electric compressor is a device used to supercharge a heat engine, operating with an electric motor. More specifically, the compressor comprises a compressor wheel driven by an electric motor.
Le compresseur électrique est placé sur la ligne d'admission d'air d'un moteur à combustion interne, par exemple en complément d'un turbocompresseur. Le compresseur électrique joue le même rôle que le turbocompresseur, à savoir augmenter la pression d'admission des gaz frais dans le moteur, mais est utilisé notamment lors des phases transitoires pour palier aux problèmes de temps de réponse du turbocompresseur.  The electric compressor is placed on the air intake line of an internal combustion engine, for example in addition to a turbocharger. The electric compressor plays the same role as the turbocharger, namely increase the intake pressure of the fresh gases in the engine, but is used in particular during transient phases to overcome turbocharger response time problems.
Afin de protéger le moteur électrique et ses roulements d'un air pouvant contenir différents polluants (huile, gaz de recirculation...), un système d'étanchéité dynamique est mis en place entre la roue du compresseur et le moteur électrique. Ce système est composé de deux segments. Un trou d'évent, connu de la demande de brevet UK1312334.4, est ajouté entre les deux segments, afin d'éviter l'accumulation des éventuels polluants qui auraient traversés le premier segment. Pour plus d'efficacité, le trou d'évent est relié à l'entrée du turbocompresseur par l'intermédiaire d'une durite ce qui permet de créer une légère dépression afin de purger le trou d'évent.  In order to protect the electric motor and its bearings from air that may contain various pollutants (oil, recirculation gas, etc.), a dynamic sealing system is put in place between the compressor wheel and the electric motor. This system consists of two segments. A vent hole, known from patent application UK1312334.4, is added between the two segments, to prevent the accumulation of possible pollutants that would have passed through the first segment. For efficiency, the vent hole is connected to the turbocharger inlet via a hose which creates a slight depression to purge the vent hole.
Le lien entre le trou d'évent et le turbocompresseur oblige à utiliser une durite et une interface sur le turbocompresseur ce qui est coûteux et encombrant.  The link between the vent hole and the turbocharger requires the use of a hose and an interface on the turbocharger which is expensive and bulky.
De plus, lorsque l'ensemble moteur ne comporte pas de turbocompresseur, il est alors nécessaire de trouver une autre solution.  In addition, when the engine assembly does not include a turbocharger, it is then necessary to find another solution.
La présente invention a donc pour objet de pallier un ou plusieurs des inconvénients des dispositifs de l'art antérieur en proposant un compresseur électrique dont trou d'évent est amélioré. Pour cela la présente invention propose un compresseur électrique comportant un arbre entraîné en rotation par un moteur électrique par l'intermédiaire de roulements, l'arbre entraînant en rotation une roue de compresseur, le compresseur comportantThe present invention therefore aims to overcome one or more of the disadvantages of the devices of the prior art by providing an electric compressor whose vent hole is improved. For this purpose the present invention proposes an electric compressor comprising a shaft driven in rotation by an electric motor by means of bearings, the shaft driving in rotation a compressor wheel, the compressor comprising
- un système de protection thermique pour au moins un roulement disposé entre une plaque arrière de la roue du compresseur et la roue, a thermal protection system for at least one bearing disposed between a rear plate of the compressor wheel and the wheel,
- un trou d'évent, de circulation de flux de polluants vers l'extérieur du compresseur, dont l'entrée est disposée entre le roulement et la roue de compresseur et,  a vent hole for circulating the flow of pollutants to the outside of the compressor, the inlet of which is arranged between the bearing and the compressor wheel, and
- une volute disposée du coté de la roue de compresseur,  a volute disposed on the side of the compressor wheel,
le trou d'évent étant relié à la volute du compresseur au moyen d'une gorge formée entre le plaque arrière de la roue et le système de protection thermique. the vent hole being connected to the compressor scroll by means of a groove formed between the back plate of the wheel and the thermal protection system.
Cela évite d'avoir une liaison du trou d'évent au turbocompresseur ou un autre élément quand le turbocompresseur n'est pas présent, liaison coûteuse et encombrante.  This avoids having a connection of the vent hole to the turbocharger or another element when the turbocharger is not present, expensive and bulky connection.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le trou d'évent est relié à une entrée d'air de la volute.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the vent hole is connected to an air inlet of the volute.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le trou d'évent est relié à une sortie de la volute.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the vent hole is connected to an output of the volute.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la sortie du trou d'évent située en sortie de la gorge de guidage est prolongée par un élément de communication qui débouche dans la volute.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the outlet of the vent hole at the outlet of the guide groove is extended by a communication element which opens into the volute.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la volute comporte une première ouverture réalisée à travers la paroi de la volute située au niveau du système de protection thermique permettant la liaison entre la sortie du trou d'évent et l'élément de liaison.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the volute has a first opening made through the wall of the volute located at the level of the thermal protection system allowing the connection between the outlet of the vent hole and the connecting element.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la volute comporte une deuxième ouverture permettant la liaison entre l'élément de liaison et la volute.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the volute has a second opening for the connection between the connecting element and the volute.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le moteur électrique est un moteur à reluctance variable ou à aimant permanents.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the electric motor is a variable reluctance or permanent magnet motor.
L'invention concerne également l'utilisation d'un compresseur électrique selon l'invention, dans un ensemble moteur à combustion interne. D'autres buts, caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention seront mieux compris et apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description faite, ci-après, en se référant aux figures annexées, données à titre d'exemple et dans lesquelles: The invention also relates to the use of an electric compressor according to the invention, in an internal combustion engine assembly. Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be better understood and will appear more clearly on reading the description given hereinafter with reference to the appended figures given by way of example and in which:
- la figure 1 est une représentation schématique montrant un moteur intégrant un système selon l'art antérieur,  FIG. 1 is a schematic representation showing an engine integrating a system according to the prior art,
- la figure 2 est une vue en coupe d'une partie d'un compresseur selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention.  - Figure 2 is a sectional view of a portion of a compressor according to one embodiment of the invention.
La présente invention concerne un compresseur électrique équipé d'un trou d'évent. Dans le cadre de l'invention, le trou d'évent est autonome.  The present invention relates to an electric compressor equipped with a vent hole. In the context of the invention, the vent hole is autonomous.
Dans le cadre de l'invention, on entend par compresseur électrique, un compresseur d'air, volumétrique ou non et par exemple centrifuge ou radial, entraîné par un moteur électrique, dans le but de suralimenter un moteur thermique. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le moteur électrique est un moteur asynchrone à courant continue ou alternatif, ou tout type de moteur électrique du même type.  In the context of the invention, the term electric compressor, an air compressor, volumetric or not and for example centrifugal or radial, driven by an electric motor, for the purpose of supercharging a heat engine. According to one embodiment of the invention, the electric motor is an asynchronous DC or AC motor, or any type of electric motor of the same type.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le moteur électrique est un moteur à reluctance variable (également appelée machine SRM pour Switched Reluctance Motor selon la terminologie anglaise).  According to one embodiment of the invention, the electric motor is a variable reluctance motor (also called SRM machine for Switched Reluctance Motor according to English terminology).
Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, le moteur électrique est un moteur à aimants permanents.  According to another embodiment of the invention, the electric motor is a permanent magnet motor.
La figure 1 illustre un ensemble moteur à combustion interne selon l'art antérieur. FIG. 1 illustrates an internal combustion engine assembly according to the prior art.
Cette figure 1 est également utilisée pour décrire l'invention qui diffère de l'art antérieur par le fait que le trou d'évent n'est pas relié au turbocompresseur. L'ensemble des modes de réalisation décrit par la suite à partir de cette figure 1, excepté la liaison du trou d'évent au turbocompresseur, s'applique donc au compresseur selon l'invention. This Figure 1 is also used to describe the invention which differs from the prior art in that the vent hole is not connected to the turbocharger. All the embodiments described below from this Figure 1, except the connection of the vent hole to the turbocharger, therefore applies to the compressor according to the invention.
L'ensemble moteur comporte au moins trois cylindres 1 associé à un dispositif 3 pour l'alimentation en gaz d'admission.  The engine assembly comprises at least three cylinders 1 associated with a device 3 for supplying the inlet gas.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif d'alimentation 3 (marquée par une ligne pointillée) comprend un turbocompresseur 5.  According to one embodiment, the feed device 3 (marked by a dotted line) comprises a turbocharger 5.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif d'alimentation 3 comprend une vanne de recirculation des gaz d'échappement 6. Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif d'alimentation 3 comprend un refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation 7. According to one embodiment, the feed device 3 comprises an exhaust gas recirculation valve 6. According to one embodiment, the feed device 3 comprises a charge air cooler 7.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif d'alimentation 3 comprend un compresseur électrique 9 et une vanne de dérivation du compresseur 10.  According to one embodiment, the feed device 3 comprises an electric compressor 9 and a bypass valve of the compressor 10.
Le turbocompresseur 5 est alimenté par les gaz d'échappement du moteur 1 et par de l'air arrivant par une entrée d'air 8. Une partie des gaz d'échappement est recyclé à l'entrée du moteur 1 par l'intermédiaire d'une vanne 6 de recirculation des gaz d'échappement.  The turbocharger 5 is fed by the exhaust gases of the engine 1 and by air arriving through an air inlet 8. Part of the exhaust gas is recycled to the inlet of the engine 1 via a valve 6 for recirculating the exhaust gas.
Les gaz issus du compresseur du turbocompresseur 5 sont ensuite refroidis par le refroidisseur 7 puis alimentent le compresseur électrique 9.  The gases coming from the compressor of the turbocharger 5 are then cooled by the cooler 7 and then feed the electric compressor 9.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation non illustrée, le refroidisseur est disposé en aval du compresseur électrique 9. Le compresseur électrique 9 compresse les gaz issus du turbocompresseur 5 et alimente le moteur 1.  According to another embodiment not illustrated, the cooler is disposed downstream of the electric compressor 9. The electric compressor 9 compresses the gases from the turbocharger 5 and supplies the engine 1.
Dans l'ensemble moteur selon l'art antérieur, le compresseur électrique comporte un trou d'évent dont la sortie 31b est reliée à l'entrée du turbocompresseur 5.  In the motor assembly according to the prior art, the electric compressor comprises a vent hole whose outlet 31b is connected to the inlet of the turbocharger 5.
Dans le cadre de l'invention, le trou 31 d'évent est un trou d'évent autonome. Plus précisément, la sortie du trou d'évent est reliée au compresseur électrique lui-même. Ainsi, dans le cadre de l'invention, le trou d'évent n'est plus relié au turbocompresseur lorsqu'il est présent.  In the context of the invention, the vent hole 31 is an autonomous vent hole. More specifically, the outlet of the vent hole is connected to the electric compressor itself. Thus, in the context of the invention, the vent hole is no longer connected to the turbocharger when it is present.
L'ensemble moteur concerné par la présente invention, se différencie ainsi de celui de l'art antérieur par le fait que le compresseur comporte un trou d'évent automne.  The motor assembly concerned by the present invention differs from that of the prior art in that the compressor has an autumn vent hole.
Le compresseur électrique 9 selon l'invention, illustré sur la figure 2, comprend un moteur électrique (non visible), et des roulements 16. Le moteur électrique permet la mise en rotation d'un arbre 13 du compresseur électrique via les roulements 16. L'arbre 13 entraine ainsi en rotation la roue 14 du compresseur 9. Plus précisément une extrémité de l'arbre 13 est entraînée en rotation par le moteur électrique, et une autre extrémité de l'arbre 13 entraine en rotation la roue 14 du compresseur. Une partie intermédiaire 131 de l'arbre 13 est protégé par une plaque arrière 142 de la roue 14 de compresseur. Plus précisément, cette plaque 142 arrière est disposée entre le roulement 16 avant et la face 141 arrière de la roue 14. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la plaque 142 arrière de la roue 14 comporte une première partie 143 au niveau des segments d'étanchéité et une deuxième 144 partie qui prolonge la première 143 partie et est décalée de la première 143 partie de façon à être disposée au niveau du roulement avant 16. The electric compressor 9 according to the invention, illustrated in FIG. 2, comprises an electric motor (not visible), and bearings 16. The electric motor enables the rotation of a shaft 13 of the electric compressor via the bearings 16. The shaft 13 thus rotates the wheel 14 of the compressor 9. More precisely one end of the shaft 13 is rotated by the electric motor, and another end of the shaft 13 rotates the wheel 14 of the compressor . An intermediate portion 131 of the shaft 13 is protected by a rear plate 142 of the compressor wheel 14. More specifically, this rear plate 142 is disposed between the front bearing 16 and the rear face 141 of the wheel 14. According to one embodiment of the invention, the rear plate 142 of the wheel 14 has a first portion 143 at the level of the sealing segments and a second portion 144 which extends the first portion 143 and is offset from the first portion 143. to be arranged at the front bearing level 16.
La partie intermédiaire 131 de l'arbre 13 comporte un organe 29 d'étanchéité dynamique. Cet organe comporte un premier segment d'étanchéité 29a positionné du coté de la roue du compresseur et d'un deuxième segment d'étanchéité 29b positionné du coté des roulements 16. Ces segments ont pour rôle de protéger les roulements de la pollution pouvant provenir du compartiment contenant la roue 14 du compresseur.  The intermediate portion 131 of the shaft 13 comprises a dynamic sealing member 29. This member comprises a first sealing segment 29a positioned on the side of the compressor wheel and a second sealing segment 29b positioned on the side of the bearings 16. These segments have the role of protecting the bearings from the pollution that may come from the compartment containing the wheel 14 of the compressor.
C'est autour de cet organe 29 d'étanchéité que la plaque 142 arrière de la roue 14 est disposée.  It is around this sealing member 29 that the rear plate 142 of the wheel 14 is arranged.
Plus précisément, selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la plaque 142 arrière de la roue 14 comporte une première partie 143 au niveau des segments d'étanchéité et une deuxième 144 partie qui prolonge la première 143 partie et est décalée de la première 143 partie de façon à être disposée au niveau du roulement avant 16.  More specifically, according to one embodiment of the invention, the rear plate 142 of the wheel 14 has a first portion 143 at the level of the sealing segments and a second portion 144 which extends the first portion 143 and is offset from the first 143 so as to be arranged at the level of the front bearing 16.
Le compresseur comporte une volute 12 de compresseur. Cette volute 12 est disposée du coté de la roue 14 de compresseur. Cette volute 12, de façon classique, comporte une entrée 120 d'air disposée à l'extrémité du compresseur, dans l'axe de l'arbre 13, et une sortie d'air, non visible sur la figure, disposée tangentiellement par rapport à l'axe de l'arbre 13.  The compressor comprises a compressor volute 12. This volute 12 is disposed on the side of the compressor wheel 14. This volute 12, conventionally, comprises an air inlet 120 disposed at the end of the compressor, in the axis of the shaft 13, and an air outlet, not visible in the figure, arranged tangentially relative to to the axis of the shaft 13.
Entre les deux segments d'étanchéités 29a, 29b est positionnée l'entrée 310 d'un trou d'évent 31. Le trou d'évent 31 est ajouté entre les deux segments afin d'éviter l'accumulation des éventuels polluants qui auraient traversé le premier segment 29a. Le trou d'évent 31 permet ainsi d'éviter la pollution des roulements 16 en permettant l'évacuation des polluants grâce à une différence de pression entre la pression du compartiment formé entre les deux segments d'étanchéité 29a, 29b et la pression à la sortie du trou d'évent 330.  Between the two sealing segments 29a, 29b is positioned the inlet 310 of a vent hole 31. The vent hole 31 is added between the two segments to prevent the accumulation of any pollutants that would have passed through the first segment 29a. The vent hole 31 thus makes it possible to avoid the pollution of the bearings 16 by allowing the evacuation of the pollutants by virtue of a pressure difference between the pressure of the compartment formed between the two sealing segments 29a, 29b and the pressure at the outlet of the vent hole 330.
Plus précisément, le trou 31 d'évent est formé dans la première 143 partie de la plaque 142 arrière de la roue 14, au niveau des segments d'étanchéité. Dans le cadre de l'invention, le compresseur comporte un système 41 de protection thermique pour au moins un roulement 16 avant. Le système 41 de protection est disposé entre la plaque 142 arrière de la roue 14 du compresseur et la roue 14. Plus précisément, le système 41 de protection thermique est disposé entre la plaque 142 arrière de la roue 14 de compresseur et le compartiment de compression délimité par la face arrière 141 de la roue 14. Specifically, the vent hole 31 is formed in the first portion 143 of the rear plate 142 of the wheel 14 at the sealing segments. In the context of the invention, the compressor comprises a thermal protection system 41 for at least one bearing 16 before. The protection system 41 is disposed between the rear plate 142 of the compressor wheel 14 and the wheel 14. More specifically, the thermal protection system 41 is disposed between the rear plate 142 of the compressor wheel 14 and the compression compartment. delimited by the rear face 141 of the wheel 14.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le système 41 de protection thermique est formé par une plaque en matériau à faible conduction thermique.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the thermal protection system 41 is formed by a plate of low heat conduction material.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le système 41 de protection thermique est fixé au niveau de la première 143 partie de la plaque 142 arrière, et est disposé de façon à laisser un espace entre le système 41 de protection thermique et la plaque 143 arrière.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the thermal protection system 41 is fixed at the level of the first portion 143 of the rear plate 142, and is arranged so as to leave a space between the thermal protection system 41 and the plate 143 back.
Dans le cadre de l'invention, les termes entrée et sortie sont définis par rapport au sens de circulation du flux, dans le trou d'évent, allant du compartiment d'étanchéité vers un autre compartiment ou une autre partie du compresseur.  In the context of the invention, the terms inlet and outlet are defined with respect to the flow direction of flow, in the vent hole, from the sealing compartment to another compartment or another part of the compressor.
Afin d'éviter une liaison du trou 31 d'évent au turbocompresseur, liaison coûteuse et encombrante, l'invention prévoit une liaison entre le trou 31 d'évent et le compresseur lui-même. Plus précisément, la liaison se fait entre la sortie 310 du trou d'évent 31 et la volute 12 du compresseur 9.  To avoid a connection of the vent hole 31 to the turbocharger, expensive and bulky connection, the invention provides a connection between the vent hole 31 and the compressor itself. More specifically, the connection is made between the outlet 310 of the vent hole 31 and the volute 12 of the compressor 9.
Dans le cadre de l'invention, la liaison entre le trou 31 d'évent et la volute 12 est réalisée au moyen d'une gorge 320 de guidage.  In the context of the invention, the connection between the vent hole 31 and the volute 12 is achieved by means of a guide groove 320.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la gorge 320 de guidage est formée entre la plaque 142 arrière de la roue 14 et le système 41 de protection thermique.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the guide groove 320 is formed between the rear plate 142 of the wheel 14 and the thermal protection system 41.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la gorge 320 de guidage débouche après la zone 123 de compression du compresseur, et plus précisément après la zone de compression de la volute 12.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the guide groove 320 opens out after the compression zone 123 of the compressor, and more precisely after the compression zone of the volute 12.
La sortie 330 du trou d'évent située en sortie de la gorge 320 de guidage est prolongée par un élément 340 de communication qui débouche dans la volute 12 du compresseur. Plus précisément, élément 340 de communication qui débouche en entrée de la volute 12 au dessus d'une première 145 ailette de la roue 14. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'élément 340 de communication est formé par un tuyau ou conduit. Par exemple le tuyau est en plastique ou en acier, ou être formé directement par moulage avec le corps du compresseur. The outlet 330 of the vent hole at the outlet of the guide groove 320 is extended by a communication element 340 which opens into the volute 12 of the compressor. More specifically, communication element 340 which opens at the entrance to the volute 12 above a first wing 145 of the wheel 14. According to a method of embodiment of the invention, the communication element 340 is formed by a pipe or duct. For example the pipe is plastic or steel, or be formed directly by molding with the body of the compressor.
Selon une variante de l'invention, lequel le trou d'évent (31) est relié à une sortie de la volute (12) et disposé de façon à obtenir un effet venturi nécessaire au bon fonctionnement du trou d'évent.  According to a variant of the invention, which the vent hole (31) is connected to an outlet of the volute (12) and arranged to obtain a venturi effect necessary for the proper operation of the vent hole.
La différence de pression entre la sortie 330 du trou d'évent 31 et l'entrée dans la volute permet de drainer les polluants.  The pressure difference between the outlet 330 of the vent hole 31 and the entrance into the volute makes it possible to drain the pollutants.
La liaison entre la sortie 330 du trou d'évent 31 et l'élément 340 de liaison est réalisée au niveau de la volute 12. Pour cela, la volute comporte une première 121 ouverture réalisée, par exemple par perçage ou moulage, à travers la paroi de la volute 12 située au niveau du système 41 de protection thermique.  The connection between the outlet 330 of the vent hole 31 and the connecting element 340 is made at the level of the volute 12. For this, the volute comprises a first opening 121 made, for example by drilling or molding, through the wall of the volute 12 located at the level of the system 41 of thermal protection.
La volute comporte une deuxième 122 ouverture, réalisée par exemple par perçage ou moulage, permettant la liaison entre l'élément 340 de liaison et la volute 12.  The volute has a second opening 122, made for example by drilling or molding, allowing the connection between the connecting element 340 and the volute 12.
Le compresseur selon l'invention, est ainsi configuré de façon à protéger les roulements, et également le moteur électrique, contre des polluants tels que de l'huile, des gaz de recirculation ou tous autres polluants. The compressor according to the invention is thus configured to protect the bearings, and also the electric motor, against pollutants such as oil, recirculation gases or any other pollutants.
La portée de la présente invention ne se limite pas aux détails donnés ci-dessus et permet des modes de réalisation sous de nombreuses autres formes spécifiques sans s'éloigner du domaine d'application de l'invention. Par conséquent, les présents modes de réalisation doivent être considérés à titre d'illustration, et peuvent être modifiés sans toutefois sortir de la portée définie par les revendications.  The scope of the present invention is not limited to the details given above and allows embodiments in many other specific forms without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present embodiments should be considered by way of illustration, and may be modified without departing from the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Compresseur électrique (9) comportant un arbre (13) entraîné en rotation par un moteur électrique par l'intermédiaire de roulements (16), l'arbre entraînant en rotation une roue (14) de compresseur, le compresseur comportant Electric compressor (9) comprising a shaft (13) driven in rotation by an electric motor by means of bearings (16), the shaft rotating a compressor wheel (14), the compressor comprising
- un système (41) de protection thermique pour au moins un roulement (16) disposé entre une plaque (142) arrière de la roue (14) du compresseur et la roue (14),  a thermal protection system (41) for at least one bearing (16) disposed between a rear plate (142) of the compressor wheel (14) and the wheel (14),
- un trou d'évent (31), de circulation de flux de polluants vers l'extérieur du compresseur (9), dont l'entrée (310) est disposée entre le roulement (16) et la roue (14) de compresseur et,  a vent hole (31) for circulating pollutant flow to the outside of the compressor (9), the inlet (310) of which is arranged between the bearing (16) and the compressor wheel (14) and ,
- une volute (12) disposée du coté de la roue (14) de compresseur,  a volute (12) disposed on the side of the compressor wheel (14),
caractérisé en ce que le trou d'évent (31) est relié à la volute (12) du compresseur (9) au moyen d'une gorge (320) formée entre le plaque arrière (142) de la roue et le système (41) de protection thermique. characterized in that the vent hole (31) is connected to the volute (12) of the compressor (9) by means of a groove (320) formed between the rear plate (142) of the wheel and the system (41). ) of thermal protection.
2. Compresseur (9) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le trou d'évent (31) est relié à une entrée (120) d'air de la volute (12).  The compressor (9) of claim 1, wherein the vent hole (31) is connected to an air inlet (120) of the volute (12).
3. Compresseur (9) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le trou d'évent (31) est relié à une sortie de la volute (12).  The compressor (9) of claim 1, wherein the vent hole (31) is connected to an outlet of the volute (12).
4. Compresseur (9) selon une des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel la sortie (330) du trou d'évent située en sortie de la gorge (320) de guidage est prolongée par un élément 4. Compressor (9) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the outlet (330) of the vent hole at the outlet of the groove (320) for guiding is extended by an element.
(340) de communication qui débouche dans la volute (12). (340) which opens into the volute (12).
5. Compresseur (9) selon une des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel la volute (12) comporte une première (121) ouverture réalisée à travers la paroi de la volute (12) située au niveau du système (41) de protection thermique permettant la liaison entre la sortie (330) du trou d'évent (31) et l'élément (340) de liaison.  5. Compressor (9) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the volute (12) has a first (121) opening made through the wall of the volute (12) located at the system (41) of thermal protection allowing the connection between the outlet (330) of the vent hole (31) and the connecting element (340).
6. Compresseur (9) selon une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel la volute comporte une deuxième (122) ouverture permettant la liaison entre l'élément (340) de liaison et la volute (12).  6. Compressor (9) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the volute has a second (122) opening for the connection between the element (340) connecting the volute (12).
7. Compresseur (9) selon une des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel le moteur électrique est un moteur à reluctance variable ou à aimant permanents. 7. Compressor (9) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the electric motor is a variable reluctance motor or permanent magnet.
8. Utilisation d'un compresseur électrique selon une de revendications 1 à 7, dans ensemble moteur à combustion interne. 8. Use of an electric compressor according to one of claims 1 to 7, in an internal combustion engine assembly.
PCT/FR2017/051297 2016-05-26 2017-05-24 Electric compressor WO2017203178A2 (en)

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