WO2017201794A1 - 集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱 - Google Patents

集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017201794A1
WO2017201794A1 PCT/CN2016/087091 CN2016087091W WO2017201794A1 WO 2017201794 A1 WO2017201794 A1 WO 2017201794A1 CN 2016087091 W CN2016087091 W CN 2016087091W WO 2017201794 A1 WO2017201794 A1 WO 2017201794A1
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Prior art keywords
column
anchor chain
anchor
compartment
power generation
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PCT/CN2016/087091
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
盛松伟
王坤林
吝红军
张亚群
游亚戈
王振鹏
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中国科学院广州能源研究所
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Priority to EP16897468.1A priority Critical patent/EP3278662B1/en
Priority to DK16897468.1T priority patent/DK3278662T3/da
Priority to CA2984197A priority patent/CA2984197C/en
Priority to JP2017557111A priority patent/JP6503090B2/ja
Publication of WO2017201794A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017201794A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/60—Fishing; Aquaculture; Aquafarming

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of renewable energy power generation, in particular to a semi-submersible deep sea culture cage integrating wave energy and solar power generation.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cage integrated with wave energy and solar power generation, which can realize the breeding cage from the bay to the deep sea, and solve the problem that the marine breeding cage cannot be realized.
  • a semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cage integrating wave energy and solar power generation including a semi-submersible hull main structure, a culture cage structure, a renewable energy power generation system and a mooring system;
  • the semi-submersible hull main structure provides a carrier for the culture cage structure, the renewable energy power generation system and the mooring system, and includes a plurality of compartments, the collection being achieved by adjusting the amount of ballast water inside each compartment
  • the culture cage structure comprises a facade mesh structure and a bottom mesh structure, and the vertical mesh structure and the bottom mesh structure are connected on the main structure of the semi-submersible hull to have a bottom surface and a top surface without a roof Net cage
  • the renewable energy power generation device includes a wave energy power generation system and a solar power generation system, the wave energy power generation system is disposed at a front and a rear ends of the semi-submersible hull main structure, and the solar power generation system is disposed on the semi-submersible hull main structure the top of;
  • the mooring system is disposed at four corners of the top of the semi-submersible hull main structure.
  • the semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cage integrated with wave energy and solar power generation has obvious advantages compared with the traditional culture cage: 1.
  • the structural member of the invention can be selected from steel, frame-type main structure, saving materials and simple manufacturing.
  • the deep sea aquaculture cage of the present invention is constructed according to shipbuilding standards, and its service life can reach 25-30 years. Therefore, the realization of the present invention can completely change the current service life of the culture cage to only 1-2 years.
  • the device can be transferred to the same ship, if natural disasters such as typhoon can be transferred to avoid, the energy of avoiding natural disasters can be changed like a normal ship to completely change the current situation of a storm destroyed a harvest.
  • the invention integrates wave energy power generation and solar power generation, and utilizes on-site resources to realize complementary power supply of renewable energy, meets the use of clean power in the remote sea cage, and completely solves the problem that the deep sea cage cannot achieve energy supply, and at the same time, wave power generation It plays the role of wave elimination and wave reduction, which is beneficial to improve the reliability and stability of the present invention.
  • the semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cage of the invention floats up as a ship, can be towed, can be overhauled, can be maintained, can clean the garbage in the cage, perform disinfection, etc., and becomes a deep-sea breeding cage after dive.
  • the convenience of the project has been greatly improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of a semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cage integrated with wave energy and solar power generation according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cage integrated with wave energy and solar power generation according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a side view and a plan view of a portion A-A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a side view and a plan view of a portion B-B of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a side view and a plan view of a portion C-C of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cage integrated with wave energy and solar power generation before sinking according to the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the sinking of a semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cage integrated with wave energy and solar power generation according to the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing a semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cage integrated with wave energy and solar power generation according to the present invention
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing a plurality of semi-submersible deep-sea culture cages in which wave energy and solar power are integrated to form a multi-body farm.
  • the semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cage integrated with wave energy and solar power generation can be divided into four parts according to functions.
  • the first part is the main structure of the semi-submersible hull.
  • the connecting compartment 111, the front left curved connecting compartment 112, the rear right curved connecting compartment 151, and the rear left curved connecting compartment 152 are formed.
  • Each of the above components constitutes a strong frame three-dimensional structure, which has high strength, good stability and material saving.
  • the main structure of the semi-submersible hull is a carrier for transporting, towing, repairing, and carrying equipment for semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cages integrating wave energy and solar power generation.
  • the deep sea of the present invention can be realized by adjusting the amount of ballast water inside each cabin. The floating and sinking of the culture cage.
  • the frame type square barge 1 provides buoyancy to make the whole float on the water surface, and the staff can wait for the deep-sea breeding cage of the present invention to perform various work like landing on a common ship;
  • the buoyancy of the main structure of the semi-submersible hull can be reduced by pumping water into the cabin to slowly sink to the design working position, and the order of pumping water into the cabin is from bottom to top. Step by step and pay attention to adjusting the balance.
  • the semi-submersible hull is provided with a plurality of independent compartments, and the pumping and draining pipes and the intake and exhaust pipes are extended to the respective compartments, and a pumping compartment is arranged in the central column 402, and a pump and a pipe for pumping and drainage are arranged inside the pumping compartment.
  • the hydraulic pump station of the valve and the valve and the pumping and drainage control system, the pipeline in the pump cabin is connected with the pumping and draining pipe in each independent cabin, and the valve is controlled to connect with the water pump.
  • the pump By controlling the opening and closing of the valve, the pump can be used for each Water is injected into the individual compartments, and water in each individual compartment can also be extracted; the intake and exhaust pipes inside each of the independent compartments directly extend to the top of the deep-sea culture cage of the present invention and communicate with the atmosphere.
  • the second part is the culture cage structure.
  • the middle and rear bottom mesh structures 109 form two cages having a bottom surface and a top surface without a top surface, and the vertical mesh structure 34, the center pillar 402 and the middle left pillar between the middle right pillar 401 and the center pillar 402 may also be removed.
  • the 403 façade mesh structure 34 combines the two cages into one cage. If the size of the mesh structure mesh is not suitable, the culture user can lay a conventional net of different mesh sizes on the mesh structure as needed to adapt to the cultivation of fish of different sizes or types.
  • the mesh structure can change the deep-sea cage from a floating net to a fixed net. The floating nets caused by large waves will not smash the fish inside, and the life of the net will be greatly extended, which changes the tradition. The current situation of frequent network changes in network cages, reducing the cost of network use.
  • the third part is a renewable energy power generation system, which mainly consists of wave power generation and solar power generation.
  • the front end of the semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cage is equipped with a front-end eagle absorbing floating body 9, and the front-end eagle absorbing floating body 9 is connected with the truss-type supporting arm 901, and can reciprocate and rotate around the hinge 10 under the action of waves, and is driven and installed.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 19 between the back of the front-end eagle absorbing floating body 9 and the front transverse top compartment 12 reciprocates, converts wave energy into hydraulic energy, and installs an energy conversion system inside the structural compartment to convert hydraulic energy into electrical energy;
  • the end is also equipped with a rear-end eagle absorbing float 17, according to the same
  • the principle is that the wave energy can be converted into electric energy, and the front and rear eagle absorbing floating bodies can share a set of energy conversion system, and the energy absorbed by the plurality of eagle absorbing floating bodies is collected and concentrated to generate electricity.
  • the semi-submersible deep-sea culture cage of the present invention is provided with a large number of solar panels at the top to convert solar energy into electrical energy.
  • the power storage link is designed.
  • the power generated by the wave energy and the solar energy can be stored in the battery in addition to the normal output, and can be used when the wave energy and the solar energy intensity are weak.
  • a small wind energy generator can also be installed on top of the present invention.
  • wave energy, solar energy and wind energy in the ocean.
  • the deep sea culture cage of the invention fully utilizes the environment in which it is located, and utilizes marine renewable energy to supply and supply power for the cage. That is to say, the power supply is guaranteed and there is no environmental pollution problem. It is expected that the semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cages integrating wave energy and solar power generation can fully meet the needs of their own electricity consumption, and even have excess. Wave energy can reduce the wave in the culture area and help protect fish growth.
  • the whole culture cage can be berthed on the surface of the water like a ship, which is good for towing and maintenance. Dive to the design water level to become a semi-submersible discharge device and a culture cage.
  • the culture cage structure and the renewable energy power generation system can be expanded as needed. Specifically, the two cage areas in the middle of the semi-submersible hull main structure can be expanded to the left and right sides as needed, and the two cage areas are changed into six cages. Area. The left and right expanded cage frames can be retracted into the middle cage or extended outside the middle cage to expand the cage area. Similarly, wave power generation systems and solar power generation systems can also be expanded.
  • the fourth part is the mooring equipment part.
  • the anchoring machine, the anchor chain, the anchor chain, the anchor chain pipe, the anchor chain cabin, the roller, the anchor hydraulic station and the like are respectively arranged at the top corners of the semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cage.
  • the specific need to throw a few anchors or throw long anchor chains can be determined according to water depth, wind and wave conditions.
  • the anchor is placed on top of the culture cage so that it is always above the water surface accessible to personnel for easy operation.
  • the specific structure of the semi-submersible deep-sea aquaculture cage integrating the wave energy and the solar power generation of the present invention is as follows: the frame type square barbs 1 is longitudinally right-handed tubular The pontoon 101, the longitudinal left side tubular pontoon 102, the lateral front end tubular pontoon 103, the lateral middle tubular pontoon 104 and the lateral rear end tubular pontoon 105 are divided into a plurality of independently adjustable compartments. The amount of water entering or discharging it is adjusted to adjust its buoyancy.
  • the frame type barrage 1 can provide sufficient buoyancy to support the structure and equipment carried in the upper part of the water floating on the water surface; between the frame of the frame type barrage 1, a front end plate-like structure 106 and a rear end plate-like structure 107 are disposed.
  • both the longitudinal right side tubular pontoon 101 and the longitudinal left side tubular pontoon 102 are designed to have a pointed pattern that reduces drag.
  • the front right curved column 201, the front left curved column 202, the front right chain chain compartment 701, the front left chain chain compartment 702, the front right pillar 301, the front center pillar 302, and the front are respectively disposed longitudinally above the frame type barrage 1 Left column 303, center right column 401, center column 402, middle left column 403, rear right column 501, rear center column 502, rear left column 503, rear right chain 801, rear left chain 802, rear right arc a shaped column 601, a rear left curved column 602, and an inner portion of the above column
  • a front end eagle absorbing floating body 9 is installed between the front right curved column 201 and the front left curved column 202.
  • the front end absorbing wave absorbing body 9 is connected to the truss type supporting arm 901, and is placed on the front right column 301 through the hinge 10.
  • a rear end eagle absorbing wave floating body 17 is installed, and the rear eagle absorbing wave floating body 17 is The truss type support arms 171 are connected and are located between the rear right column 501, the rear center column 502, and the rear left column 503 by a hinge 18.
  • a front transverse top compartment 12 is disposed on the top of the front right pillar 301, the front center pillar 302, and the front left pillar 303 along the lateral square width; the top right pillar 401, the center pillar 402, and the middle left pillar 403 are disposed along the lateral square width.
  • the middle horizontal top compartment 14; the rear right vertical column 501, the rear neutral column 502, and the rear left vertical column 503 are provided with a rear transverse top compartment 15 along the lateral square width; between the front end eagle absorbing floating body 9 and the front transverse top compartment 12 Installed with a hydraulic cylinder 19, the front transverse top compartment 12 is designed with an A-shaped strong structure dedicated to the base of the hydraulic cylinder 19; a hydraulic cylinder is mounted between the back of the rear-end eagle absorbing float 17 and the rear transverse top compartment 15. 28.
  • the rear transverse top compartment 15 is designed with an A-shaped strong structure dedicated to the base of the hydraulic cylinder 28.
  • a front right vertical top tank 131, a front left vertical top tank 132 is disposed between the front transverse top tank 12 and the middle transverse top tank 14, and a rear right vertical top is disposed between the rear transverse top tank 15 and the middle transverse top tank 14.
  • a front right curved connecting compartment 111 is disposed; in the front transverse top compartment 12 and the front left curved upright 202 Between the front left curved connecting compartment 112; between the rear transverse top compartment 15 and the rear right curved pole 601, a rear right curved connecting compartment 151 is provided; in the rear transverse top compartment 15 and the rear left curved pillar Between 602, a rear left curved connecting compartment 152 is placed.
  • the front transverse top compartment 12 the middle transverse top compartment 14, the rear transverse top compartment 15, the front right vertical top compartment 131, the front left vertical top compartment 132, the rear right vertical top compartment 133, and the rear left vertical top compartment 134 are placed transversely
  • a safety fence 21 is arranged, and a mast 22 is arranged in the middle of the middle horizontal top compartment 14.
  • the front right anchor machine 231 is disposed on the left and right sides of the front horizontal top compartment 12, and the front left anchor machine 232;
  • a rear right winder 291 and a rear left winder 292 are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the horizontal top compartment 15.
  • the front right anchor 231 is equipped with a front right anchor chain 241, and one end of the front right anchor chain 241 passes through the anchor chain tube 251 installed inside the front right curved connecting chamber 111 and the front right curved column 201 to reach the longitudinal right tubular floating from the upper platform.
  • the front end of the box 101 is connected to the front right anchor 271 via the front right roller 261, and the other end of the front right anchor chain 241 is connected to the inside of the front right anchor chain 701 through the front right vertical anchor chain tube 421;
  • the front left anchor 232 is equipped with the front left
  • the anchor chain 242, one end of the front left anchor chain 242 passes from the upper platform to the front end of the longitudinal left side tubular pontoon 102 through the anchor chain tube 252 installed inside the front left curved connecting chamber 112 and the front left curved connecting column 202, via the front left roller 262 is connected to the front left anchor 272, and the other end of the front left anchor chain 242 is connected to the inside of the front left anchor chain 702 through the front left vertical anchor chain 422;
  • the rear right anchor 291 is equipped with a rear right anchor chain 301 and a rear right anchor chain.
  • One end of 301 passes from the upper platform to the rear end of the longitudinal right tubular pontoon 101 through the rear right anchor chain tube 431 installed inside the rear right curved connecting compartment 151 and the rear right curved shaped pillar 601, via the rear right roller 321 and the rear right anchor 331 connection, the other end of the rear right anchor chain 301 passes through the rear right vertical anchor chain tube 431 and the rear right anchor chain compartment 801 ;
  • the windlass anchor chain 292 with left 302 the left end by a chain 302 mounted on the rear of the cabin arcuate left and rear left arc 152
  • the rear left anchor chain tube 432 inside the shaped column 602 reaches the rear end of the longitudinal left side tubular pontoon 101 from the upper platform, and is connected to the rear left anchor 332 via the rear left roller 322, and the rear left anchor chain 302 passes the rear left vertical anchor.
  • the chain tube 432 is internally connected to the rear left chain lock cabin 802.
  • the main structure of the invention is mainly composed of a frame and has a simple structure.
  • the main structure can be divided into a plurality of compartments according to requirements to improve safety and controllability of drainage and drainage.
  • the eagle-type absorbing float can be installed according to the scale of the cage construction. It can also install small wind energy and desalination equipment at the top of the cage, and install drainage and drainage systems, electrical systems, fishery machinery and living facilities in the cabin.
  • the semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cage integrated with wave energy and solar power can be built in the same shipyard as a traditional ship. Because of its simple structural design, the rapid construction and batch construction of the deep-sea breeding cage of the present invention can be realized. After the semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cage of the present invention is completed, the equipment, materials and baits required for various breeding are stored, and then towed to the breeding area.
  • the placing step is as follows: first anchoring, after the anchor chain is loosened to the set length by the anchoring machine, the anchor chain is locked, and the water is poured into the main structure cabin from the bottom to the top through the pumping and drainage system, when the semi-submersible deep sea breeding net of the invention
  • the tank is gradually lowered to the set water level, the balance is finely adjusted, and the water is stopped from being injected into the ballast tank.
  • the breeding work can be carried out in steps.
  • the solar energy has started to generate electricity.
  • the wave energy equipment starts the power generation work at the same time.
  • the water in the ballast tank can be gradually extracted from the top to the bottom by the drainage system, so that the semi-submersible deep-sea culture cage of the present invention is gradually Surfaced, then quickly towed and hedged.
  • the present invention can achieve self-propelled if a propeller is installed inside the device.
  • the semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cages integrating wave energy and solar power generation can be used alone or in combination to form a multi-body farm, as shown in Figs.
  • the semi-submersible deep-sea breeding cage integrating wave energy and solar power generation is a brand-new deep-sea culture cage, and no similar design has been seen yet.
  • the successful development and application of the invention is marine aquaculture. Providing advanced farming equipment will generate huge economic benefits and strongly promote the development of marine aquaculture industry, which has far-reaching significance.

Abstract

一种集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱，包括半潜船体主结构、养殖网箱结构、可再生能源发电系统和锚泊系统；所述半潜船体主结构为所述养殖网箱结构、所述可再生能源发电系统和所述锚泊系统提供载体，所述养殖网箱结构包括立面网状结构（34）和底部网状结构（108，109），所述可再生能源发电设备包括波浪能发电系统和太阳能发电系统，所述锚泊系统设置于所述半潜船体主结构顶部四个角的位置，上述半潜式深海养殖网箱可实现深海网箱在船舶制造企业批量快速建造、快速投放、快速转移，利用海上可再生能源发电供给养殖网箱生产和生活使用。

Description

集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱 技术领域
本发明涉及可再生能源发电技术领域，具体涉及一种集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱。
背景技术
近20年，海上养殖业蓬勃发展，沿海国家纷纷在海湾内搭建各种类型的养殖网箱，造成了过度养殖，产生了水体污染、鱼病多发等严重问题，政府和养殖户都在积极推进深海养殖，但成效不大。其主要原因是：1.海上风浪大，常规网箱结构简单，材质差，无法实现在大浪中生存，常常在一次大风暴中被毁掉，造成养殖户重大损失；2.人员和物料运输距离远，常规网箱无法搭载养殖人员居住，无法储存养殖用食料等物资，每天船运物资与人员使养殖成本大幅提高；3.深海网箱缺乏常规能源供给，使养殖机械设备无法有效使用，无法实现渔业规模化生产，燃油发电污染养殖区水体，并在较小空间内产生巨大噪音，影响鱼类生长和养殖人员生活。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱，可实现养殖网箱由海湾走向深远海，解决海上养殖网箱无法实现能量有效供给、无法搭载渔业机械、无法在风浪区实施、无法快速移动等长期困扰海上养殖业发展的重大问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案是：
一种集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱，包括半潜船体主结构、养殖网箱结构、可再生能源发电系统和锚泊系统；
所述半潜船体主结构为所述养殖网箱结构、所述可再生能源发电系统和所述锚泊系统提供载体，并包括多个舱室，通过调节各个舱室内部的压载水量，实现所述集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱的上浮和下沉；
所述养殖网箱结构包括立面网状结构和底部网状结构，所述立面网状结构和所述底部网状结构连接在所述半潜船体主结构上形成有底面有立面无顶面的网箱；
所述可再生能源发电设备包括波浪能发电系统和太阳能发电系统，所述波浪能发电系统设置于所述半潜船体主结构的前后端，所述太阳能发电系统设置于所述半潜船体主结构的顶部；
所述锚泊系统设置于所述半潜船体主结构顶部四个角的位置。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
本发明集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱与传统养殖网箱相比优势明显：1.本发明结构件可以选用钢材，框架式主体结构，节约用材，制造简单。按照造船标准建造本发明深海养殖网箱，其使用寿命可达25-30年，因此，本发明的实现可彻底改变目前养殖网箱使用寿命只有1-2年的状况。
2.因装置可以向船舶一样转移，若来台风等自然灾害可以转场躲避，因此其躲避自然灾害的能量可以和普通船舶一样，彻底改变来一次风暴毁一次收成的现状。
3.本发明集成波浪能发电和太阳能发电与一身，利用现场资源实现可再生能源互补供电，满足远海网箱使用清洁电力，彻底解决了深海网箱无法实现能源供应的问题，同时波浪能发电时起到了消波减浪的作用，有利于提高本发明的可靠性和稳定性。
4.本发明半潜式深海养殖网箱浮起来是一条船，可拖航、可检修、可保养，可清理网箱内的垃圾，进行消毒等工作，下潜后成为一台深海养殖网箱，其工程的便利性大幅提高。
附图说明
图1为本发明集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱的侧视图；
图2为本发明集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱的俯视图；
图3为图1中A-A部分的侧视图和俯视图；
图4为图1中B-B部分的侧视图和俯视图；
图5为图1中C-C部分的侧视图和俯视图；
图6为本发明集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱下沉前的示意图；
图7为本发明集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱下沉后的示意图；
图8为本发明集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱单独使用时的示意图；
图9为多个本发明集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱连接在一起组成一个多体养殖场的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的说明。
本发明集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱按功能可分为四个部分。
第一部分为半潜船体主结构。主要由框架式方驳1、前右弧形立柱201、前左弧形立柱202、前右立柱301、前中立柱302、前左立柱303、中右立柱401、中心立柱402、中左立柱403、后右立柱501、后中立柱502、后左立柱503、后右弧形立柱601、后左弧形立柱602、 前横顶部舱12、中横顶部舱14、后横顶部舱15、前右纵顶部舱131、前左纵顶部舱132、后右纵顶部舱133、后左纵顶部舱134、前右弧形连接舱111、前左弧形连接舱112、后右弧形连接舱151、后左弧形连接舱152组成。上述各个部件组成了强框架立体结构，该结构强度大、稳性好、省材料。半潜船体主结构是本发明集波浪能、太阳能发电为一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱运输、拖航、维修、搭载设备的载体，通过调整各舱室内部压载水量，可实现本发明深海养殖网箱的上浮和下沉。在本发明深海养殖网箱出海投放工作前，由框架式方驳1提供浮力使其整体漂浮于水面，工作人员可像登陆普通船舶一样等上本发明深海养殖网箱进行各种工作；在出海投放本发明深海养殖网箱进入指定海域投放时，可通过向舱室内泵水减小半潜船体主结构浮力使其慢慢下沉至设计工作位，向舱内泵水的顺序时由下至上逐步进行，并注意调节平衡。半潜船体内各分结构设置多个独立的舱室，由抽排水管和进排气管延伸至各舱室内，在中心立柱402内设置泵舱，泵舱内部布置抽排水用水泵、管路、阀门、阀门的液压泵站和抽排水控制系统，泵舱内的管路与各独立舱室内的抽排水管连接，通过阀门控制其是否与水泵连接，通过控制阀门的开闭，水泵可向各独立舱室内注水，也可抽出各独立舱室内的水；各独立舱室内部的进排气管直接延伸至本发明深海养殖网箱的顶部，与大气连通。
第二部分为养殖网箱结构。前右立柱301、前中立柱302、横向前端管状浮箱103、前横顶部舱12之间，前左立柱303、中右立柱401、中心立柱402、中左立柱403、横向中部管状浮箱403、中横顶部舱14后右立柱501、后中立柱502、横向后端管状浮箱105、后横顶部舱15、后左立柱503、立面网状结构34、前中底部网状结构108和中后底部网状结构109间形成两个有底面有立面无顶面的网箱，也可去掉中右立柱401和中心立柱402间的立面网状结构34、中心立柱402和中左立柱403间的立面网状结构34将两个网箱合二为一个网箱。若网状结构网眼的大小不合适，养殖用户可根据需要再在网状结构上铺不同网眼大小的常规网，适应养殖不同大小或种类的鱼。网状结构可使深海网箱由浮动的网变为固定的网，不会因大浪导致的浮动的网大幅运动缠绕其内部的鱼类死亡，同时大幅延长的了网的使用寿命，改变了传统网箱频繁换网的现状，降低的用网成本。
第三部分为可再生能源发电系统，主要有波浪能发电和太阳能发电组成。本发明半潜式深海养殖网箱前端安装有前端鹰式吸波浮体9，前端鹰式吸波浮体9与桁架式支撑臂901连接，在波浪作用下可绕铰链10往复旋转运动，驱动安装在前端鹰式吸波浮体9背部与前横顶部舱12之间的液压缸19往复运动，将波浪能转换为液压能，安装结构舱室内部的能量转换系统，将液压能转换为电能；本发明后端同样装有后端鹰式吸波浮体17，按照同样的 原理，可将波浪能转换为电能，前后端鹰式吸波浮体可以共用一套能量转换系统，将多个鹰式吸波浮体吸收到的能量汇集后集中发电。本发明半潜式深海养殖网箱顶部安装了大量的太阳能板，可将太阳能转换为电能使用。可再生能源发电系统中，设计蓄电环节，波浪能和太阳能发出的电力除正常输出使用外，多余的电力可储存在蓄电池内，供波浪能和太阳能强度较弱时使用。除安装太阳能外，在本发明顶部也可安装小型风能发电机。海洋之中存在丰富的波浪能、太阳能和风能，本发明深海养殖网箱充分利用自身所处的环境，利用海洋可再生能源为网箱生产、生活供电。即保障了电力供应又无环境污染问题。预计本发明集波浪能、太阳能发电为一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱完全可满足自身用电需求，甚至有多余。波浪能发电的同时其消波作用，可有效降低养殖区的波浪，有利于保护鱼类生长。
养殖网箱整体和船舶一样可浮出水面停泊于水面，利于拖航和维修。下潜至设计水位成为半潜式放电装置和养殖网箱。
养殖网箱结构和可再生能源发电系统可根据需要扩展，具体地，半潜船体主结构中部两个网箱区可根据需要向左右两侧扩展，由两个网箱区变成六个网箱区。左右扩展的网箱框架可缩回中部网箱内，也可伸出中部网箱外，扩大网箱面积。同样地，波浪能发电系统和太阳能发电系统也可以扩展。
第四部分为锚泊设备部分。本发明半潜式深海养殖网箱顶部四角各配置1套锚泊系统，包括锚机、锚匝、锚链、锚链管、锚链舱、滚轮、锚机液压站等。装置要在制定海域工作时，先通过锚机抛锚，使其与海底锚定。具体需要抛几个锚或抛多长锚链可根据水深、风浪情况等确定。锚机设置在养殖网箱顶部，使其永远处于人员可接近的水面之上，便于操作。
作为一个优选的实施例，如图1-5所示，本发明集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱的具体结构是这样的：框架式方驳1由纵向右侧管状浮箱101、纵向左侧管状浮箱102、横向前端管状浮箱103、横向中部管状浮箱104和横向后端管状浮箱105组成，上述浮箱内部分为多个独立可调舱室，通过抽进或排出其内部的水量，调节其浮力。框架式方驳1可提供充足的浮力以在水中支撑搭载在其上部的结构和设备等漂浮于水面；框架式方驳1的框架之间置有前端板状结构106、后端板状结构107、前中底部网状结构108和中后底部网状结构109。为便于拖航，纵向右侧管状浮箱101和纵向左侧管状浮箱102两端都设计成可减小阻力的尖头样式。框架式方驳1上方沿纵向分别置有前右弧形立柱201、前左弧形立柱202、前右锚链舱701、前左锚链舱702、前右立柱301、前中立柱302、前左立柱303、中右立柱401、中心立柱402、中左立柱403、后右立柱501、后中立柱502、后左立柱503、后右锚链舱801、后左锚链舱802、后右弧形立柱601、后左弧形立柱602，上述立柱内部分 为多个独立可调舱室，通过抽进或排出其内部的水量，调节其浮力。在前右弧形立柱201、前左弧形立柱202之间安装有前端鹰式吸波浮体9，前端鹰式吸波浮体9与桁架式支撑臂901连接，通过铰链10坐落在前右立柱301、前中立柱302、前左立柱303之间；在后右弧形立柱601、后左弧形立柱602，之间安装有后端鹰式吸波浮体17，后端鹰式吸波浮体17与桁架式支撑臂171连接，通过铰链18坐落在后右立柱501、后中立柱502、后左立柱503之间。在前右立柱301、前中立柱302、前左立柱303顶部沿横向方驳宽度置有前横顶部舱12；中右立柱401、中心立柱402、中左立柱403顶部沿横向方驳宽度置有中横顶部舱14；后右立柱501、后中立柱502、后左立柱503顶部沿横向方驳宽度置有后横顶部舱15；前端鹰式吸波浮体9背部与前横顶部舱12之间安装有液压缸19，前横顶部舱12设计有专门用于安装液压缸19基座的A字型强结构；后端鹰式吸波浮体17背部与后横顶部舱15之间安装有液压缸28，后横顶部舱15设计有专门用于安装液压缸28基座的A字型强结构。在前横顶部舱12和中横顶部舱14之间置有前右纵顶部舱131，前左纵顶部舱132；在后横顶部舱15和中横顶部舱14之间置有后右纵顶部舱133，后左纵顶部舱134.在前横顶部舱12与前右弧形立柱201之间，置有前右弧形连接舱111；在前横顶部舱12与前左弧形立柱202之间，置有前左弧形连接舱112；在后横顶部舱15与后右弧形立柱601之间，置有后右弧形连接舱151；在后横顶部舱15与后左弧形立柱602之间，置有后左弧形连接舱152。在前横顶部舱12、中横顶部舱14、后横顶部舱15、前右纵顶部舱131、前左纵顶部舱132、后右纵顶部舱133、后左纵顶部舱134顶部沿横向置有多个太阳能房20，并置有安全围栏21，在中横顶部舱14中间置有桅杆22.前横顶部舱12左右两侧分别置有前右锚机231，前左锚机232；后横顶部舱15左右两侧分别置有后右锚机291，后左锚机292。前右锚机231配前右锚链241，前右锚链241一端通过安装在前右弧形连接舱111和前右弧形立柱201内部的锚链管251从上部平台到达纵向右侧管状浮箱101前端，经由前右滚轮261与前右锚271连接，前右锚链241另一端通过前右竖直锚链管421与前右锚链舱701内部连接；前左锚机232配前左锚链242，前左锚链242一端通过安装在前左弧形连接舱112和前左弧形立柱202内部的锚链管252从上部平台到达纵向左侧管状浮箱102前端，经由前左滚轮262与前左锚272连接，前左锚链242另一端通过前左竖直锚链管422与前左锚链舱702内部连接；后右锚机291配后右锚链301，后右锚链301一端通过安装在后右弧形连接舱151和后右弧形立柱601内部的后右锚链管431从上部平台到达纵向右侧管状浮箱101后端，经由后右滚轮321与后右锚331连接，后右锚链301另一端通过后右竖直锚链管431与后右锚链舱801内部连接；后左锚机292配后左锚链302，后左锚链302一端通过安装在后左弧形连接舱152和后左弧 形立柱602内部的后左锚链管432从上部平台到达纵向左侧管状浮箱101后端，经由后左滚轮322与后左锚332连接，后左锚链302另一端通过后左竖直锚链管432与后左锚链舱802内部连接。前右立柱301、前中立柱302、横向前端管状浮箱103和前横顶部舱12之间，前左立柱303、前中立柱302、横向前端管状浮箱103和前横顶部舱12之间，中右立柱401、中心立柱402、横向前端管状浮箱103和前横顶部舱12之间，中左立柱403、中心立柱402、横向中部管状浮箱403和中横顶部舱14之间，后右立柱501、后中立柱502、横向后端管状浮箱105和后横顶部舱15之间，后左立柱503、后中立柱502、横向后端管状浮箱105和后横顶部舱15之间均置立面网状结构34。
本发明主体结构以框架为主，结构简单，主体结构根据需要可分为多个舱室，以提高其安全性和抽排水可控性。鹰式吸波浮体可根据网箱建造规模需要安装多个，也可在网箱顶部安装小型风能、海水淡化设备，在舱室内安装抽排水系统、电气系统、渔业机械设备和生活设施等。
本发明集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱可像传统船舶一样在船厂建造，因其结构设计简单，可实现本发明深海养殖网箱的快速建造、批量建造。本发明半潜式深海养殖网箱建造完毕后，搭载储存各种养殖所需的设备、材料、饵料，然后将其拖至养殖区投放。投放步骤是这样的：首先抛锚，通过锚机放松锚链至设定长度后，锁紧锚链，通过抽排水系统由下向上逐步向主体结构舱室内注水，当本发明半潜式深海养殖网箱逐步下沉至设定水位时，微调平衡，停止向压载舱注水，达到养殖使用状态后，各项养殖工作可以按步骤进行。本发明建造完毕后，太阳能已经开始发电工作，本发明下潜至设计水位时，波浪能装备同时开始发电工作。若本发明需要转场或者在台风等灾害性风暴来临前需要移位，可通过抽排水系统，由上向下，逐步抽出压载舱内的水，使本发明半潜式深海养殖网箱逐步浮出水面，然后快速拖走、避险。若在装置内部安装推进器，本发明可以实现自航。
本发明集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱可以单体使用，也可以连接在一起组成一个多体养殖场使用，如图9、10所示。
本发明集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱“为一种全新的深海养殖网箱，目前尚未见到有类似的设计出现。本发明的成功开发和应用为海洋养殖业提供先进的养殖设备，将产生巨大的经济效益，并强力推动海上养殖业的发展，意义深远。
上列详细说明是针对本发明可行实施例的具体说明，该实施例并非用以限制本发明的专利范围，凡未脱离本发明所为的等效实施或变更，均应包含于本案的专利范围中。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱，其特征在于，
    包括半潜船体主结构、养殖网箱结构、可再生能源发电系统和锚泊系统；
    所述半潜船体主结构为所述养殖网箱结构、所述可再生能源发电系统和所述锚泊系统提供载体，并包括多个舱室，通过调节各个舱室内部的压载水量，实现所述集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱的上浮和下沉；
    所述养殖网箱结构包括立面网状结构和底部网状结构，所述立面网状结构和所述底部网状结构连接在所述半潜船体主结构上形成有底面有立面无顶面的网箱；
    所述可再生能源发电设备包括波浪能发电系统和太阳能发电系统，所述波浪能发电系统设置于所述半潜船体主结构的前后端，所述太阳能发电系统设置于所述半潜船体主结构的顶部；
    所述锚泊系统设置于所述半潜船体主结构顶部四个角的位置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱，其特征在于，
    所述半潜船体主结构包括框架式方驳1，框架式方驳1包括纵向右侧管状浮箱101、纵向左侧管状浮箱102、横向前端管状浮箱103、横向中部管状浮箱104和横向后端管状浮箱105，框架式方驳1的框架之间置有前端板状结构106和后端板状结构107，纵向右侧管状浮箱101和纵向左侧管状浮箱102的两端都设计成可减小阻力的尖头样式；
    框架式方驳1上方沿纵向分别置有前右弧形立柱201、前左弧形立柱202、前右立柱301、前中立柱302、前左立柱303、中右立柱401、中心立柱402、中左立柱403、后右立柱501、后中立柱502、后左立柱503、后右弧形立柱601和后左弧形立柱602，前述浮箱和立柱内部分为多个独立可调舱室，通过抽进或排出内部的水量，调节浮力；
    在前右立柱301、前中立柱302、前左立柱303顶部沿横向框架式方驳1宽度置有前横顶部舱12；中右立柱401、中心立柱402、中左立柱403顶部沿横向框架式方驳1宽度置有中横顶部舱14；后右立柱501、后中立柱502、后左立柱503顶部沿横向框架式方驳1宽度置有后横顶部舱15；
    在前横顶部舱12和中横顶部舱14之间置有前右纵顶部舱131和前左纵顶部舱132；在后横顶部舱15和中横顶部舱14之间置有后右纵顶部舱133和后左纵顶部舱134；在前横顶部舱12与前右弧形立柱201之间，置有前右弧形连接舱111；在前横顶部舱12与前左弧形 立柱202之间，置有前左弧形连接舱112；在后横顶部舱15与后右弧形立柱601之间，置有后右弧形连接舱151；在后横顶部舱15与后左弧形立柱602之间，置有后左弧形连接舱152。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱，其特征在于，
    所述养殖网箱结构包括立面网状结构34、底部网状结构108和底部网状结构109；
    框架式方驳1的底部框架之间置有底部网状结构108和底部网状结构109；
    前右立柱301、前中立柱302、横向前端管状浮箱103和前横顶部舱12之间，前左立柱303、前中立柱302、横向前端管状浮箱103和前横顶部舱12之间，中右立柱401、中心立柱402、横向前端管状浮箱103和前横顶部舱12之间，中左立柱403、中心立柱402、横向中部管状浮箱403和中横顶部舱14之间，后右立柱501、后中立柱502、横向后端管状浮箱105和后横顶部舱15之间，后左立柱503、后中立柱502、横向后端管状浮箱105和后横顶部舱15之间均置立面网状结构34。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱，其特征在于，
    所述波浪能发电系统包括前端鹰式吸波浮体9、桁架式支撑臂901、铰链10、后端鹰式吸波浮体17、桁架式支撑臂171、铰链18、液压缸19和液压缸28；
    在前右弧形立柱201、前左弧形立柱202之间安装前端鹰式吸波浮体9，前端鹰式吸波浮体9与桁架式支撑臂901连接，通过铰链10坐落在前右立柱301、前中立柱302、前左立柱303之间；在后右弧形立柱601、后左弧形立柱602，之间安装后端鹰式吸波浮体17，后端鹰式吸波浮体17与桁架式支撑臂171连接，通过铰链18坐落在后右立柱501、后中立柱502、后左立柱503之间；
    前端鹰式吸波浮体9背部与前横顶部舱12之间安装液压缸19，前横顶部舱12设计有专门用于安装液压缸19基座的A字型强结构；后端鹰式吸波浮体17背部与后横顶部舱15之间安装液压缸28，后横顶部舱15设计有专门用于安装液压缸28基座的A字型强结构。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱，其特征在于，
    所述太阳能发电系统包括多个太阳能房20、安全围栏21和桅杆22；
    在前横顶部舱12、中横顶部舱14、后横顶部舱15、前右纵顶部舱131、前左纵顶部舱132、后右纵顶部舱133、后左纵顶部舱134顶部沿横向置有多个太阳能房20，并置有安全 围栏21，在中横顶部舱14中间置有桅杆22。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的集波浪能和太阳能发电于一体的半潜式深海养殖网箱，其特征在于，
    所述锚泊系统包括前右锚机231、前左锚机232、后右锚机291、后左锚机292、前右锚链241、锚链管251、前右滚轮261、前右锚271、前右竖直锚链管421、前右锚链舱701、前左锚链242、锚链管252、前左滚轮262、前左锚272、前左竖直锚链管422、前左锚链舱702、后右锚链301、后右锚链管431、后右滚轮321、后右锚331、后右竖直锚链管431、后右锚链舱801、左锚链302、后左锚链管432、后左滚轮322、后左锚332、后左竖直锚链管432和后左锚链舱802；
    前横顶部舱12左右两侧分别置有前右锚机231、前左锚机232；后横顶部舱15左右两侧分别置有后右锚机291、后左锚机292；前右锚机231配前右锚链241，前右锚链241一端通过安装在前右弧形连接舱111和前右弧形立柱201内部的锚链管251从上部平台到达纵向右侧管状浮箱101前端，经由前右滚轮261与前右锚271连接，前右锚链241另一端通过前右竖直锚链管421与前右锚链舱701内部连接；前左锚机232配前左锚链242，前左锚链242一端通过安装在前左弧形连接舱112和前左弧形立柱202内部的锚链管252从上部平台到达纵向左侧管状浮箱102前端，经由前左滚轮262与前左锚272连接，前左锚链242另一端通过前左竖直锚链管422与前左锚链舱702内部连接；后右锚机291配后右锚链301，后右锚链301一端通过安装在后右弧形连接舱151和后右弧形立柱601内部的后右锚链管431从上部平台到达纵向右侧管状浮箱101后端，经由后右滚轮321与后右锚331连接，后右锚链301另一端通过后右竖直锚链管431与后右锚链舱801内部连接；后左锚机292配后左锚链302，后左锚链302一端通过安装在后左弧形连接舱152和后左弧形立柱602内部的后左锚链管432从上部平台到达纵向左侧管状浮箱101后端，经由后左滚轮322与后左锚332连接，后左锚链302另一端通过后左竖直锚链管432与后左锚链舱802内部连接。
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CN109430132A (zh) * 2018-12-10 2019-03-08 美钻深海能源科技研发（上海）有限公司 水下养殖网箱智能吸捕养殖装置
CN109819920A (zh) * 2019-03-27 2019-05-31 天津海太科技有限公司 模块化半潜式海鱼养殖平台
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CN113455435A (zh) * 2021-06-23 2021-10-01 江苏科技大学 一种变体积深海蝶形网箱及其调控方法
CN113371124A (zh) * 2021-07-19 2021-09-10 广船国际有限公司 一种养殖船艉部结构和养殖船
CN114766442A (zh) * 2022-04-19 2022-07-22 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 一种基于智能调控的南极磷虾拖网深度快速调节动力桁杆
CN114766442B (zh) * 2022-04-19 2023-03-10 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 一种基于智能调控的南极磷虾拖网深度快速调节动力桁杆

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