WO2017201595A1 - Method for recovering and producing plastics contained in sanitary pads and diapers - Google Patents

Method for recovering and producing plastics contained in sanitary pads and diapers Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017201595A1
WO2017201595A1 PCT/BR2017/050121 BR2017050121W WO2017201595A1 WO 2017201595 A1 WO2017201595 A1 WO 2017201595A1 BR 2017050121 W BR2017050121 W BR 2017050121W WO 2017201595 A1 WO2017201595 A1 WO 2017201595A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plastic
diapers
agglutination
pellets
plastics
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Application number
PCT/BR2017/050121
Other languages
French (fr)
Portuguese (pt)
Inventor
Marcio Nunes Da Silva
Original Assignee
Ambitec S/A
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ambitec S/A filed Critical Ambitec S/A
Publication of WO2017201595A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017201595A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B17/0412—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to large particles, e.g. beads, granules, flakes, slices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/551—Packaging before or after use
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
    • B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
    • B03B5/44—Application of particular media therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/06—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions
    • C08J11/08—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions using selective solvents for polymer components
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • D04H3/147—Composite yarns or filaments
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • This invention is a process for the recovery and manufacture of plastics contained in the sanitary napkins and diapers, which belongs to the chemical sector, more particularly it relates to the absorbent and personal diapers obtaining PE (polyethylene) pellets. ) and PP (polypropylene), with the purpose of reusing the discarded material in the manufacture of absorbent and diapers, since the industrial applicability of plastics, PE, PP, in the manufacture of hygienic absorbents and diapers is extremely important and its very high cost. There is a need for strict control and any loss in the manufacturing system due to the high speed of machines and losses in the process are considered major losses for the industry.
  • PE polyethylene
  • PP polypropylene
  • the absorbent and diaper cover sheets are basically made of PE, PP, however, the blankets that feed the large machines need to be cut to obtain the absorbent and diaper shapes. At this time, large volumes of materials, because they are not within the established parameters, are necessarily discarded thus generating a very noble waste to be recovered.
  • Tons of these important materials are discarded in the forming machine grading system, due to high machine speeds, a percentage of their production is discarded in the process going to the co-processing units consequently to the landfills. Disposal is due to a number of productive factors that cannot be controlled and it is not economically feasible to enter investments for such.
  • one of the objectives of the present invention is to reduce the amount of plastics thrown into the wild, while minimizing the costs of companies generating such waste.
  • the present patent application for a continuous and closed process for the treatment of this waste aims to recover in its entirety the plastics not used by the formation of absorbent and discarded by the machines. cutters and transform them into a high value added raw material of total sustainability. Because the process is closed, another technology concern, its technical advantage is that it is pelletized for use in toothbrush handles as its end product.
  • the present invention relates to a continuous and closed process for the recovery and manufacture of plastics contained in sanitary napkins and diapers which comprises the following steps: The. - system power;
  • the material is manually fed to an endless thread which will transport the material to a knife mill;
  • the knife mill uses a 25 mm opening screen and will crush and grind (cut) the plastics to uniform sizes with particles of 15 to 20 mm, so that the particles must be uniform for further processing.
  • the agglutination is done in a low rotation mixer (50 rpm) that has the function of joining the particles, so that they all agglutinate forming a plastic agglutinate;
  • the mixer is heated on its walls with 110 ° C (degrees Celsius) to initiate agglutination.
  • This phase of the process is very important as it determines that all plastic material becomes homogeneous and only after this process does the plastic extrusion begin;
  • Extrusion begins after agglutination, and its first extrusion phase is the degassing that takes place in the first part of the extruder machine;
  • the initial part reaches a temperature of 240 ° C (degrees Celsius) and with that temperature the plastic releases gases, which we call degassing;
  • Vortex helical mixer which operates at 110 degrees and a low rotation mixing system between 100 and 120rpm with the blades facing the center of the shaft that increases its agglutination power and eliminates it.
  • some kind of cellulose that may contain in the waste and at the same time not harm the plastic being bonded;
  • the extrusion is done after the total degassing of the plastic, since it is a continuous system the agglutinated plastic, degassed, follows in the extruder for extruder screen that in a temperature of minimum of 220 degrees and maximum of 250 degrees finishes the heating of the plastic leaving the in the form of a consistent sludge;
  • the screen in turn absorbs the possible residues of non-extruded materials and after passing the 5 mm size screen passes through the cutting system in the form of pellets;
  • pellets formed on the machine's cutter come out at a high temperature and need to be cooled, so the machine has a waterbed where the cut pellets are dumped; and. - transport of pellets:
  • the basket centrifuge has the purpose of removing the water contained in the pellet and the centrifuged product continuously feeds an endless thread which in turn feeds the finished product bags.
  • the final product generated is PE and PP pellets that are applied and used in the manufacture of plastics, especially in the manufacture of environmentally friendly toothbrushes, which makes the innovative process also 100% sustainable.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention patent relates to a method for recovering and producing plastics contained in sanitary pads and diapers, belonging to the chemical sector, more particularly relating to sanitary pads and diapers for personal use, producing PE (polyethylene) and PP (polypropylene) pellets, with the aim of re-using the material discarded during the production of sanitary pads and diapers, since the industrial applicability of PE and PP in the production of sanitary pads and diapers is extremely important and their cost extremely high, requiring a strict control, any losses in the production system caused by the high speed of the machines, as well as processing losses, being considered high losses for the industry. The present invention patent relates to a continuous and closed-loop process for recovering and producing plastics contained in sanitary pads and diapers, comprising the following steps: a) feeding the system; b) grinding in a cutting mill; c) agglutinating; d) extruding (the plastics); e) conveying the pellets; and f) centrifuging.

Description

PROCESSO DE RECUPERAÇÃO E FABRICAÇÃO DE  RECOVERY AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS
PLÁSTICOS CONTIDOS NOS ABSORVENTES HIGIÉNICOS E PLASTICS IN HYGIENIC ABSORBENTS AND
FRALDAS Diapers
[01] Trata-se a presente Patente de Invenção de um processo de recuperação e fabricação de plásticos contidos nos absorventes higiénicos e fraldas, pertencente ao setor químico, mais particularmente refere-se à absorvente e fraldas de uso pessoal obtendo pellets de PE (polietileno) e PP (polipropileno), com o objetivo de reaproveitar o material descartado na fabricação de absorventes e fraldas, uma vez que a aplicabilidade industrial dos plásticos, PE, PP, na fabricação de absorventes e fraldas higiénicas é de extrema importância e seu custo elevadíssimo tem a necessidade de um rigoroso controle e qualquer perda no sistema fabricação devido a alta velocidade de máquinas e perdas no processo são considerados grandes prejuízos para a indústria.  [01] This invention is a process for the recovery and manufacture of plastics contained in the sanitary napkins and diapers, which belongs to the chemical sector, more particularly it relates to the absorbent and personal diapers obtaining PE (polyethylene) pellets. ) and PP (polypropylene), with the purpose of reusing the discarded material in the manufacture of absorbent and diapers, since the industrial applicability of plastics, PE, PP, in the manufacture of hygienic absorbents and diapers is extremely important and its very high cost. There is a need for strict control and any loss in the manufacturing system due to the high speed of machines and losses in the process are considered major losses for the industry.
FUNDAMENTOS DA TÉCNICA TECHNICAL BACKGROUNDS
[02] Durante o processo produtivo as laminas de cobertura dos absorventes e fraldas são feitas basicamente de PE, PP, no entanto, é necessário que as mantas que alimentam as grandes máquinas sofram um corte para obter os formatos dos absorventes e das fraldas. Nesse momento, grandes volumes de materiais, por não ficarem dentro dos parâmetros estabelecidos, são necessariamente descartados gerando assim um resíduo bastante nobre a ser recuperado.  [02] During the production process the absorbent and diaper cover sheets are basically made of PE, PP, however, the blankets that feed the large machines need to be cut to obtain the absorbent and diaper shapes. At this time, large volumes of materials, because they are not within the established parameters, are necessarily discarded thus generating a very noble waste to be recovered.
[03] Toneladas desses importantes materiais são descartados nos sistema de classificação das máquinas de formação, devido a grandes velocidades das máquinas, um percentual de sua produção é descartado no processo indo para as unidades de coprocessamento consequentemente para os aterros. O descarte deve-se a inúmeros fatores produtivos dos quais não se consegue controlar e não é viável economicamente inserir investimentos para tal. [03] Tons of these important materials are discarded in the forming machine grading system, due to high machine speeds, a percentage of their production is discarded in the process going to the co-processing units consequently to the landfills. Disposal is due to a number of productive factors that cannot be controlled and it is not economically feasible to enter investments for such.
[04] Trata-se de um volume de no máximo 5% da produção dos absorventes e fraldas das empresas, no entanto devido aos grandes volumes de produção dos mesmos os volumes gerados nesse sistema de recuperação também tornam-se grandes e representativos.  [04] This is a volume of up to 5% of the production of the absorbent and diaper companies, however due to their large production volumes the volumes generated in this recovery system also become large and representative.
[05] Assim, um dos objetivos da presente invenção é diminuir a quantidade de plásticos jogados na natureza, além de minimizar os custos das empresas que gerarem tais resíduos.  [05] Thus, one of the objectives of the present invention is to reduce the amount of plastics thrown into the wild, while minimizing the costs of companies generating such waste.
[06] Além disso, o presente pedido de Patente de Invenção por se referir a um processo contínuo e fechado para o tratamento desse resíduo, tem como objetivo, recuperar em sua totalidade os plásticos não aproveitados pelo corte de formação dos absorventes e descartados pelas maquinas cortadoras e transforma-los em matéria prima nobre de alto valor agregado e de total sustentabilidade. Pelo fato do processo ser fechado, outra preocupação da tecnologia, a vantagem técnica da mesma refere-se ao fato de se transformar em pellets para uso em cabos de escova dental como seu produto final.  [06] In addition, the present patent application for a continuous and closed process for the treatment of this waste, aims to recover in its entirety the plastics not used by the formation of absorbent and discarded by the machines. cutters and transform them into a high value added raw material of total sustainability. Because the process is closed, another technology concern, its technical advantage is that it is pelletized for use in toothbrush handles as its end product.
[07] Outra vantagem que podemos citar refere-se ao fato de possuir custo de produção bem inferior ao custo do processo convencional de descarte.  [07] Another advantage we can cite refers to the fact that it has a production cost well below the cost of the conventional disposal process.
DESCRIÇÃO RESUMIDA DA INVENÇÃO  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[08] A presente patente de invenção refere-se a um processo contínuo e fechado para a recuperação e fabricação de plásticos contidos nos absorventes higiénicos e fraldas o qual compreende as seguintes etapas: a. - alimentação do sistema; [08] The present invention relates to a continuous and closed process for the recovery and manufacture of plastics contained in sanitary napkins and diapers which comprises the following steps: The. - system power;
b. - trituração em moinho de facas; B. - knife milling;
c- aglutinação; c- agglutination;
d. - processo de extrusão (plástica); d. - extrusion process (plastic);
e. - transporte dos pellets; e and. - transport of pellets; and
f. - centrifugação. f. - centrifugation.
DESCRIÇÃO DETALHADA DA INVENÇÃO  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[09] O processo de recuperação e fabricação de plásticos contidos nos absorventes higiénicos e fraldas, constitui-se das seguintes etapas:  [09] The process of recovery and manufacture of plastics contained in sanitary napkins and diapers consists of the following steps:
a. - alimentação do sistema: The. - system power:
- o plástico ainda em forma descaracterizada e com seus cortes desuniformes são recebidos em fardos amarrados de 200 kg;  - the plastic still in uncharacterized form and with its uneven cuts are received in tied bales of 200 kg;
- o material é alimentado manualmente para uma rosca sem fim que irá transportar o material para um moinho de facas;  - the material is manually fed to an endless thread which will transport the material to a knife mill;
b. - trituração em moinho de facas: B. - knife milling:
- o moinho de facas utiliza uma tela de abertura de 25 mm e irá triturar e moer (cortar) os plásticos em tamanhos uniformes com partículas de 15 a 20 mm, é necessário que as partículas sejam uniformes para o processamento posterior.  - The knife mill uses a 25 mm opening screen and will crush and grind (cut) the plastics to uniform sizes with particles of 15 to 20 mm, so that the particles must be uniform for further processing.
- o material que sai do moinho é recebido por outra rosca sem fim que transporta o material moído para o sistema de aglutinação;  - material coming out of the mill is received by another endless screw that carries the milled material to the agglutination system;
c- aglutinação: c- agglutination:
- a aglutinação é feita em um misturador de baixa rotação (50 rpm) que tem por função juntar as partículas, de forma que todas se aglutinem formando um aglutinado de plástico;  - the agglutination is done in a low rotation mixer (50 rpm) that has the function of joining the particles, so that they all agglutinate forming a plastic agglutinate;
- nesse início de processo o misturador é aquecido em suas paredes com temperatura de 110°C (graus Celsius) para iniciar a aglutinação. Essa fase do processo é muito importante, pois determina que todo o material plástico se torne homogéneo e somente após esse processo inicia-se a extrusão do plástico; - at this beginning of the process the mixer is heated on its walls with 110 ° C (degrees Celsius) to initiate agglutination. This phase of the process is very important as it determines that all plastic material becomes homogeneous and only after this process does the plastic extrusion begin;
d.- processo de extrusão (plástica): d.- extrusion process (plastic):
- a extrusão inicia-se após a aglutinação, e sua primeira fase de extrusão é a degasagem que se faz na primeira parte da máquina extrusora;  - Extrusion begins after agglutination, and its first extrusion phase is the degassing that takes place in the first part of the extruder machine;
- a parte inicial atinge uma temperatura de 240°C (graus Celsius) e com essa temperatura o plástico libera gases, onde chamamos de degasagem; - the initial part reaches a temperature of 240 ° C (degrees Celsius) and with that temperature the plastic releases gases, which we call degassing;
- em misturador helicoidal do tipo Vortex, o qual trabalha com a temperatura de 110 graus e um sistema de mistura em baixa rotação entre 100 e 120rpm com as pás voltadas para o centro do eixo que aumenta o poder de aglutinação do mesmo e serve para eliminar algum tipo de celulose que possa conter no resíduo e ao mesmo tempo não agredir o plástico que está sendo aglutinado; - in a Vortex helical mixer, which operates at 110 degrees and a low rotation mixing system between 100 and 120rpm with the blades facing the center of the shaft that increases its agglutination power and eliminates it. some kind of cellulose that may contain in the waste and at the same time not harm the plastic being bonded;
- a extrusão é feita após a degasagem total do plástico, por ser um sistema contínuo o plástico aglutinado, degasado, segue na extrusora para tela extrusora que em uma temperatura de mínimo de 220 graus e máximo de 250 graus finaliza o aquecimento do plástico deixando o em forma de um lodo consistente;  - the extrusion is done after the total degassing of the plastic, since it is a continuous system the agglutinated plastic, degassed, follows in the extruder for extruder screen that in a temperature of minimum of 220 degrees and maximum of 250 degrees finishes the heating of the plastic leaving the in the form of a consistent sludge;
- a tela por sua vez absorve os possíveis resíduos de materiais não extrusados e após a passagem da tela de tamanho de 5 mm passa pelo sistema de corte em forma de os pelletes;  - The screen in turn absorbs the possible residues of non-extruded materials and after passing the 5 mm size screen passes through the cutting system in the form of pellets;
- os pelletes formados na cortadeira da máquina saem com uma temperatura alta e precisam ser resfriados, para isso a máquina possui uma cama d'água onde os pellets cortados são despejados; e. - transporte dos pellets: - The pellets formed on the machine's cutter come out at a high temperature and need to be cooled, so the machine has a waterbed where the cut pellets are dumped; and. - transport of pellets:
- os pellets resfriados em água em temperatura ambiente, são transportados e transferidos para uma peneira que retém os plásticos resfriados e recircula a água para o processo novamente;  - water-cooled pellets at room temperature are transported and transferred to a sieve that holds the cooled plastics and recirculates the water to the process again;
- o plástico retido na peneira é transferido por uma rosca para a centrífuga de cesto;  - the plastic retained in the sieve is transferred by a thread to the basket centrifuge;
f. - centrifugação: f. - centrifugation:
- a centrífuga de cesto tem a finalidade de retirar a água contida no pellet e o produto centrifugado alimenta continuamente uma rosca sem fim que por sua vez alimenta os bags de produto acabado.  - The basket centrifuge has the purpose of removing the water contained in the pellet and the centrifuged product continuously feeds an endless thread which in turn feeds the finished product bags.
PRODUTO OBTIDO  PRODUCT OBTAINED
[10] O produto final gerado são pellets de PE e PP que são aplicados e usados na fabricação de plásticos, em especial na fabricação de escovas dentais ecológicas, o que torna o processo inovador também 100% sustentável.  [10] The final product generated is PE and PP pellets that are applied and used in the manufacture of plastics, especially in the manufacture of environmentally friendly toothbrushes, which makes the innovative process also 100% sustainable.
VANTAGENS BENEFITS
[11] Com o processo acima descrito, o resíduo se torna um produto de alta viabilidade económica pela qualidade e pureza atingida, o presente trabalho faz com que o resíduo do processo de fabricação torne um produto tecnicamente muito eficiente com um excelente controle para as aplicações do material.  [11] With the process described above, the waste becomes a product of high economic viability due to the quality and purity achieved, the present work makes the waste of the manufacturing process to become a technically very efficient product with excellent control for applications. of material.
[12] O produto originado do referido processo é destinado às indústrias de fabricação de plásticos em geral e em especifico cabos de escova dental, o que torna isso uma inovação em potencial.  [12] The product originated from this process is intended for the plastics manufacturing industry in general and for specific toothbrush handles, which makes this a potential innovation.
[13] O produto originado permite um preço muito acessível e fornece uma destinação prática e viável para parte dos resíduos gerados pelas indústrias de absorventes e fraldas. [13] The originated product offers a very affordable price and provides a practical and viable destination for part of the waste generated. absorbent and diaper industries.
[14] O processo não gera resíduo e tem a sustentabilidade 100% com o principio de aterro zero.  [14] The process generates no waste and is 100% sustainable with the zero landfill principle.
[15] A abrangência da presente patente de invenção, não deve ser limitada às particularidades dos equipamentos, mas sim, aos termos definidos nas reivindicações e seus equivalentes.  [15] The scope of this invention should not be limited to the particulars of the equipment, but to the terms defined in the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

REIVINDICAÇÕES
1 - PROCESSO DE RECUPERAÇÃO E FABRICAÇÃO DE PLÁSTICOS CONTIDOS NOS ABSORVENTES HIGIÉNICOS E FRALDAS, caracterizado por compreender as seguintes etapas:  1 - RECOVERY AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF PLASTICS CONTAINED IN HYGIENIC ABSORBENTS AND DIAPERS, characterized by the following steps:
a. - alimentação do sistema: The. - system power:
- o plástico ainda em forma descaracterizada e com seus cortes desuniformes são recebidos em fardos;  - plastic still in uncharacterized form and with its uneven cuts are received in bales;
- o material é alimentado manualmente para uma rosca sem fim que irá transportar o material para um moinho de facas;  - the material is manually fed to an endless thread which will transport the material to a knife mill;
b. - trituração em moinho de facas: B. - knife milling:
- o moinho de facas utiliza uma tela de abertura de 25 mm e irá triturar e moer (cortar) os plásticos em tamanhos uniformes com partículas de 15 a 20 mm;  - the knife mill uses a 25 mm opening screen and will grind and grind (cut) the plastics to uniform sizes with particles of 15 to 20 mm;
- o material que sai do moinho é recebido por outra rosca sem fim que transporta o material moído para o sistema de aglutinação;  - material coming out of the mill is received by another endless screw that carries the milled material to the agglutination system;
c- aglutinação: c- agglutination:
- a aglutinação é feita em um misturador de baixa rotação (50 rpm) formando um aglutinado de plástico;  - the agglutination is done in a low rotation mixer (50 rpm) forming a plastic agglutination;
- o misturador é aquecido em suas paredes com temperatura de 110°C (graus Celsius) para iniciar a aglutinação;  - the mixer is heated to its walls at 110 ° C (degrees Celsius) to initiate agglutination;
- a extrusão inicia-se após a aglutinação, e sua primeira fase de extrusão é a degasagem que se faz na primeira parte da máquina extrusora;  - Extrusion begins after agglutination, and its first extrusion phase is the degassing that takes place in the first part of the extruder machine;
- a parte inicial atinge uma temperatura de 240°C (graus Celsius) e com essa temperatura o plástico libera gases (degasagem);  - the initial part reaches a temperature of 240 ° C (degrees Celsius) and at that temperature the plastic releases gases (degassing);
- em misturador helicoidal, o qual trabalha com a temperatura de 110 graus e um sistema de mistura em baixa rotação entre 100 e 120rpm com as pás voltadas para o centro do eixo, aumenta o poder de aglutinação do mesmo e elimina algum tipo de celulose que possa conter no resíduo e ao mesmo tempo não agride o plástico que está sendo aglutinado; - in a helical mixer, which works at a temperature of 110 degrees and a low rotation mixing system between 100 and 120rpm with the blades facing the center of the shaft, increases its agglutination power and eliminates any kind of cellulose that may contain in the residue and at the same time does not harm the plastic being bonded;
- a extrusão é feita após a degasagem total do plástico, por ser um sistema contínuo o plástico aglutinado, degasado, segue na extrusora para tela extrusora que em uma temperatura de mínimo de 220 graus e máximo de 250 graus finaliza o aquecimento do plástico deixando o em forma de um lodo consistente;  - the extrusion is done after the total degassing of the plastic, since it is a continuous system the agglutinated plastic, degassed, follows in the extruder for extruder screen that in a temperature of minimum of 220 degrees and maximum of 250 degrees finishes the heating of the plastic leaving the in the form of a consistent sludge;
- a tela por sua vez absorve os possíveis resíduos de materiais não extrusados e após a passagem da tela de tamanho de 5 mm passa pelo sistema de corte em forma de os pelletes;  - The screen in turn absorbs the possible residues of non-extruded materials and after passing the 5 mm size screen passes through the cutting system in the form of pellets;
- os pelletes formados na cortadeira da máquina saem com uma temperatura alta e precisam ser resfriados, para isso a máquina possui uma cama d'água onde os pellets cortados são despejados;  - The pellets formed on the machine's cutter come out at a high temperature and need to be cooled, so the machine has a waterbed where the cut pellets are dumped;
e. - transporte dos pellets: and. - transport of pellets:
- os pellets resfriados em água em temperatura ambiente, são transportados e transferidos para uma peneira que retém os plásticos resfriados e recircula a água para o processo novamente;  - water-cooled pellets at room temperature are transported and transferred to a sieve that holds the cooled plastics and recirculates the water to the process again;
- o plástico retido na peneira é transferido por uma rosca para a centrífuga de cesto;  - the plastic retained in the sieve is transferred by a thread to the basket centrifuge;
f. - centrifugação: f. - centrifugation:
- a centrífuga de cesto tem a finalidade de retirar a água contida no pellet e o produto centrifugado alimenta continuamente uma rosca sem fim que por sua vez alimenta os bags de produto acabado.  - The basket centrifuge has the purpose of removing the water contained in the pellet and the centrifuged product continuously feeds an endless thread which in turn feeds the finished product bags.
2.- PROCESSO DE RECUPERAÇÃO E FABRICAÇÃO DE PLÁSTICOS CONTIDOS NOS ABSORVENTES HIGIÉNICOS E FRALDAS, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo misturador helicoidal ser do tipo Vortex. 2.- RECOVERY AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF PLASTICS CONTAINED IN HYGIENIC ABSORBENTS Diapers according to claim 1, characterized in that the helical mixer is of the Vortex type.
PCT/BR2017/050121 2016-05-25 2017-05-19 Method for recovering and producing plastics contained in sanitary pads and diapers WO2017201595A1 (en)

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