WO2017199621A1

WO2017199621A1 - Plant cultivation apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2017199621A1
Application number: PCT/JP2017/014328
Authority: WO
Inventors: 久保　泰康; 恵太元山
Original assignee: パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority date: 2016-05-19
Filing date: 2017-04-06
Publication date: 2017-11-23
Also published as: JP2017205072A

Abstract

This plant cultivation apparatus is provided with: a housing having an internal space for cultivating plants; air recovery ductwork that recovers air in the housing and that is connected to a recovery hole in the housing; an air-conditioning device that adjusts the temperature, humidity, and CO₂ concentration of the air recovered from the recovery hole via the air recovery ductwork, said parameters being adjusted to conditions compatible with plant cultivation; and air supply ductwork that connects the air-conditioning device and a supply hole in the housing, and that supplies the air that has been adjusted by the air-conditioning device into the housing from the supply hole in the housing.

Description

Plant cultivation equipment

The present disclosure relates to a plant cultivation device, and relates to a plant cultivation device capable of adjusting air flow and air quality conditions important for plant cultivation.

Plant growth devices in an artificial environment in a substantially enclosed space, such as so-called plant factories, artificially create and maintain conditions suitable for plant growth, thereby affecting the changes in seasonal and external environmental conditions. Without receiving, stable quality and yield of cultivated products are expected. For this reason, it is important how the conditions can be homogenized and maintained for each cultivated product. In particular, air quality conditions have an important role in plant growth from the viewpoint of leaf transpiration effect and photosynthetic ability, and therefore must be appropriately maintained and managed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2015-208296

In order to achieve the above object, a plant cultivation apparatus according to one aspect of the present disclosure is connected to a housing having a space for cultivating a plant therein, and a collection hole of the housing for collecting air in the housing. An air recovery pipe, an air conditioner that adjusts the temperature, humidity, and CO ₂ concentration of air recovered from the recovery hole through the air recovery pipe to conditions corresponding to the cultivation of the plant, and the air conditioning An apparatus and a supply hole of the casing, and an air supply pipe for supplying air adjusted by the air conditioner from the supply hole of the casing into the casing.

As described above, according to the aspect of the present disclosure, air quality conditions that are the temperature, humidity, and CO ₂ concentration of air recovered from the recovery hole of the housing through the air recovery pipe are set to the plant. The air conditioner suitable for plant cultivation is properly homogenized because it is adjusted at one location of the air conditioner to supply the housing with the adjusted air to the conditions corresponding to the cultivation of the plant. Can be maintained.

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a plant cultivation apparatus according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the airflow around the plant of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example of an airflow direction switching mechanism of the plant cultivation apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a structure and a procedure for adjusting air quality conditions necessary for cultivation in the plant cultivation apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5: is a figure which shows the state change graph at the time of the air condition adjustment in the plant cultivation apparatus concerning Embodiment 1. FIG.

Prior to the description of the embodiment, the problems in the prior art will be briefly described.

In general plant breeding systems, consideration is given to the arrangement of illumination devices or irradiation conditions that contribute to photosynthesis, but consideration to air quality conditions is weak and one hand falls off. Some plant-growing devices that take into account air-conditioning flow air flow through the device and promote the transpiration effect of the leaves. However, the temperature, humidity, and CO ₂ concentration, which are air quality conditions suitable for plant cultivation, are set appropriately. There was no device that could be homogenized and maintained.

This disclosure provides a plant cultivation apparatus that can appropriately homogenize and maintain air quality conditions suitable for plant cultivation.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of an air-conditioning circulation type plant cultivation apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. The plant cultivation apparatus 100 includes at least a housing 1, an air recovery pipe 7, an air conditioner 2, and an air supply pipe 3.

The casing 1 has one or a plurality of cultivation shelves 1a arranged in a substantially closed space inside, and is generally kept confidential by the exterior 1b. In order to prevent the entry of germs from the outside in the housing 1, if strict confidentiality is to be maintained, the sealing process or the like needs to be strict, which causes a cost increase. Actually, in the case 1, there are many cases in which the confidentiality with the external environment cannot be strictly maintained including the insertion and removal of the plant 5, and it is not necessary to make it more strict than necessary. This can be prevented by slightly increasing the pressure of the air-conditioning air flow sent into the housing 1 to make the inside substantially positive pressure, and taking into consideration that outside air does not directly enter from the outside through the gap of the exterior 1 b of the housing 1. Can do. As an example, in FIG. 1, there is one recovery hole 6 on the top surface of the housing 1, and a plurality of supply holes 4 at the bottom of the housing 1.

The air conditioner 2 is disposed outside the housing 1. In the air conditioner 2, the air quality condition necessary for cultivation is adjusted, and air is sent into the housing 1 through the air supply pipe 3. By adjusting the air conditioner 2 so as to optimize the air quality conditions in one place, it is possible to deliver uniform air to the entire area of all the cultivation shelves 1a in the housing 1, thereby making the cultivation quality uniform. It contributes. For example, as an example of an experiment for lettuce cultivation, there is an example in which the cultivation weight changes by 10% when the temperature condition changes by 1 ° C., and uniform air quality conditions are important.

The air supply pipe 3 is a pipe for sending air into the housing 1. The function of the air supply pipe 3 is to send adjusted air from the air conditioner 2 into the housing 1, and the shape of the air supply pipe 3 is limited to the cylindrical pipe as shown in FIG. is not. A method of replacing this function by providing an air path in the panel holding the cultivated product in the housing 1 is also conceivable. Further, when the direction of the airflow is reversed, the air supply pipe 3 can function as a pipe for collecting air.

A plurality of supply holes 4 are formed in the tip portions 3a of the plurality of air supply pipes 3, and are holes for sending out air around the cultivated product. The supply hole 4 is also an introduction hole for introducing the air whose temperature, humidity, and CO ₂ concentration are adjusted by the air conditioner ₂ into the housing 1 through the air supply pipe 3. As described above, if the direction of the airflow is reversed, it can function as a piping hole for collecting air. As an example of arrangement | positioning of the supply hole 4, as for the root of the plant 5 (in Embodiment 1, lower 1/3 of the height direction in the space which grows the plant 5 comprised by the bed 9 and the inner wall face of the housing | casing 1) And an area that does not overlap with the collection hole 6 in plan view.

A plant 5 which is an example of a cultivated product is arranged on the cultivation shelf 1 a in the housing 1.

A recovery hole 6 for recovering air in the housing 1 is disposed on the upper surface of the housing 1. The recovery hole 6 is also a recovery hole for sending air recovered from the inside of the housing 1 to the air conditioner 2 via the air recovery pipe 7. The air recovered from the recovery hole 6 is sent to the air conditioner 2 through the air recovery pipe 7, and the air conditioner 2 adjusts the temperature, humidity, and CO ₂ concentration suitable for the cultivation conditions of the plant 5. As described above, if the direction of the airflow is reversed, it can function as a piping hole for sending out air. As an example of the arrangement position of the collection hole 6, the collection hole 6 is provided immediately above (directly above) the plant 5.

The recovery hole 6 and the air conditioner 2 are connected by an air recovery pipe 7. The air recovery pipe 7 is a pipe for recovering air from the housing 1 to the air conditioner 2. The function of the air recovery pipe 7 is to recover air, and the shape thereof is not limited to the cylindrical pipe as shown in FIG. A method of substituting this function using the upper space of the housing 1 as an air path is also conceivable. Further, if the direction of the airflow is reversed, it can also function as a pipe that feeds air into the housing 1.

The lighting device 8 is disposed in the upper space in the housing 1. The lighting device 8 is a device such as an LED that projects light for plant cultivation, and is not limited to the cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. Various shapes such as a spot type or a surface emitting type are conceivable.

In the housing 1, a bed 9 holding a plant 5 is disposed as a cultivation shelf 1a. In the case of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus, the plant 5 is nourished by storing or circulating the cultivation nutrient solution in the bed 9. The bed 9 is provided with a cultivation hole 90 for holding the plant 5. In FIG. 1, only one cultivation hole 90 is illustrated for simplicity, but a plurality of cultivation holes 90 may be provided. In general, the plant 5 is often held on a resin panel 9 a or the like, and the panel 9 a is often floated on the bed 9. In the case of a soil cultivation type cultivation apparatus, a medium is placed in the bed 9, and the plant 5 is grown thereon.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the airflow around the plant 5 shown in FIG. The illumination device 8 needs to irradiate the plant 5 with illumination light uniformly and efficiently. For this reason, when the some plant 5 adjoins, the illuminating device 8 is arrange | positioned in the middle vicinity of the plant 5 so that deviation may not come out. Furthermore, by using the inner surface of the exterior 1b of the housing 1 as a reflective material, it is possible to improve the irradiation efficiency and the homogeneity.

FIG. 2 shows an air flow (hereinafter, illustrated as a virtual flow path 10) in which air quality conditions are adjusted from the bottom to the top around the plant 5. Although the air ejected from the supply hole 4 for sending out the air tries to diffuse, the recovery hole 6 for recovering the air provided immediately above the plant 5 has a negative pressure. Proceed according to 10. That is, the collection hole 6 is arranged directly above the plant 5, and the supply hole 4 is arranged at the root of the plant 5 and at a position that does not overlap with the collection hole 6 in plan view. Or the collection | recovery hole 6 is located right above the cultivation hole 90, and is provided in the position which overlaps with the cultivation hole 90 in planar view. The supply hole 4 is arranged around the cultivation hole 90 and at a position that does not overlap with the cultivation hole 90 in plan view.

This causes the air to travel so that the leaves of the plant 5 are stroked from the outside. For this reason, the transpiration is promoted uniformly and effectively over the entire circumference of the leaves of the plant 5. Therefore, with this configuration, consideration should be given to how to properly control the changing external environment and how to flow the airflow in an appropriate position and direction with respect to the plant 5. The air quality conditions suitable for the cultivation of the plant 5 can be appropriately homogenized and maintained, and the quality of the plant 5 and the yield increase can be realized. In addition, the position which does not overlap shows a position with the distance of at least 1 mm or more and 100 mm or less between both.

The plant 5 is assumed to grow from the lower side to the upper side in FIG. 2, and the airflow flowing through the virtual channel 10 also flows in the direction along the outer surface of the leaf by flowing in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 2. Since it flows, the damage to the leaves is small and suitable.

However, the direction of the airflow is not limited to this, and the airflow may flow in the direction opposite to the arrow. In this case, since a part of the airflow tries to enter between the leaves, the effect of swinging the leaves is large, and the effect of promoting transpiration is further enhanced. Moreover, since the growth point of the plant 5 is right above the center part of the plant 5, the effect of promoting growth is high in that it effectively promotes transpiration of the part where growth is vigorous. Therefore, the direction of the airflow is also effective from the viewpoint of effectively enhancing the transpiration effect of the whole plant, for example, by combining these and switching the airflow device 2 alternately at regular intervals.

Moreover, in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, although the collection | recovery hole 6 is arrange | positioned just above the plant 5 and is arrange | positioned in the planar view in the position which overlaps with the cultivation hole 90, arrangement | positioning of the collection | recovery hole 6 is not restricted to this. . The collection hole only needs to be arranged above the plant 5. For example, the plurality of collection holes 6 may be arranged at positions that do not overlap with the cultivation holes 90 on the circumference around the cultivation holes 90 in plan view. Alternatively, for example, when a plurality of plants 5 (a plurality of cultivation holes 90) are arranged in a line, the recovery hole has a slit-like long hole shape, and the longitudinal direction is a plurality of plants 5 (a plurality of cultivations). You may arrange | position so that the row | line | column of the hole 90) may be followed. That is, the recovery hole may be arranged so that the air jetted from the supply hole 4 travels so that the leaves of the plant 5 are stroked from the outside.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example of an airflow direction switching mechanism 40 that is incorporated in the air conditioner 2 and switches the direction of the airflow. The air conditioner 2 sends air in one direction and switches between two piping

paths

35 and 36 connected thereto, thereby switching the air flow direction between forward and reverse. In other words, the suction side passage 41 and the first piping route 35 are provided with a first piping path 35 and a second piping path 36 that directly connect the suction side passage 41 and the feeding side passage 42 of the air conditioner 2 respectively. The first valve mechanism 31 is disposed at a connection portion with the second piping path 36, and the second valve mechanism 32 is disposed at a connection portion between the feeding-side passage 42, the first piping path 35, and the second piping path 36. Yes. The first valve mechanism 31 and the second valve mechanism 32 can be switched simultaneously. When the first valve of the first valve mechanism 31 is a solid line position 31a, the suction side passage 41 and the second piping path 36 are connected, while when the first valve is a dotted line position 31b, the suction side path 41 and the first piping path are connected. 35 is connected. When the second valve of the second valve mechanism 32 is at the solid line position 32a, the feeding side passage 42 and the first piping path 35 are connected, while when the second valve is at the dotted line position 32b, the feeding side passage 42 and the second piping path 35 are connected. The piping path 36 is connected. The first pipe end 33 is connected to the air recovery pipe 7, and the second pipe end 34 is connected to the air supply pipe 3. Therefore, when the air conditioner 2 blows rightward as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 3, the first piping end 33 is set when the respective valves of the first valve mechanism 31 and the second valve mechanism 32 are in the solid line positions 31 a and 32 a. From the air conditioner 2, air is sucked into the second pipe end 34 from the air supply apparatus 42 toward the suction side passage 41. Therefore, the first pipe end 33 becomes a suction port, and air is sent out toward the second pipe end 34. When the valve is in the positions of the dotted line positions 31 b and 32 b, air is sucked into the air conditioning device 2 from the second piping end 34 toward the suction side passage 41 via the first piping route 35, and from the air conditioning device 2. Air is fed from the feed-side passage 42 to the first pipe end 33 via the second pipe path 36. Therefore, the second pipe end 34 becomes a suction port, and sends out air toward the first pipe end 33. In this way, the direction of the airflow can be switched by switching the state of the valve. Thereby, the function of the supply hole 4 and the collection | recovery hole 6 is replaced by an exhaust port and an intake port.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a structure and a procedure for creating air quality conditions necessary for cultivation. From the upstream side to the downstream side of the air flow path 93, the air conditioner 2 includes a sensor 11, a cooling blower 12, a CO ₂ adder 14 (an example of a CO ₂ concentration adjuster), a filter 15, The humidifier 16 is arranged in series in order.

The sensor 11 is a sensor for measuring the air quality state of the air sucked into the air conditioner 2. Specifically, the state is grasped in order to adjust air quality conditions such as a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a CO ₂ concentration sensor. The air quality is accompanied by changes in the process of passage through the cultivation channel. A change in temperature due to illumination or outside air, a change in humidity due to transpiration of the plant 5, or a change in CO ₂ concentration due to photosynthesis or respiration of the plant 5 can be considered. As a cumulative result of these changes, the sensor 11 measures the temperature, humidity, and CO ₂ concentration state in order to calculate the adjustment amount in the air conditioner 2 immediately after the final stage at the final stage of the collected air. Information on the temperature, humidity, and CO ₂ concentration measured by the sensor 11 is sent to the controller 91 of the air conditioner 2. The control unit 91 of the air conditioner 2 adjusts air quality conditions including temperature, humidity, and CO ₂ concentration based on the information. Specifically, in order to adjust air quality conditions, the air conditioner 2 includes a cooling blower 12 as an example of a temperature adjuster described later, a humidifier 16 as an example of a humidity adjuster, and a CO ₂ concentration adjuster. Any or all of the CO ₂ adder 14 as an example is appropriately driven and controlled by the control unit 91 to adjust the air quality condition.

If the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than the temperature suitable for cultivation of the plant 5, the cooling air blower 12 (an example of a temperature adjusting machine) is illuminated during the flow of air through the housing 1. The temperature increases due to the thermal effect of the device 8 or the like. Therefore, it plays a role of appropriately cooling this and pumps air. When the outside air temperature is lower than the temperature suitable for cultivation, it is necessary to have a heating function. Examples of the cooling blower 12 include a spot cooler or an air conditioner indoor unit.

The cooling air blower 12 has an outside air acquisition pipe 13 that acquires outside air that is air outside the housing 1. As described above, the pressure of the air-conditioning air flow sent into the housing 1 is slightly increased so that the inside of the housing 1 becomes a substantially positive pressure, and outside air is directly supplied from the outside of the housing 1 through the gap between the exterior 1b of the housing 1. In order not to enter the interior 1, there is air that escapes from the housing 1, and in order to compensate for this, outside air is partially introduced. The air quality of the air circulating in the housing 1 is accompanied by a change in the process of passing through the flow path of cultivation, but generally the change is slight, and it is necessary for the condition adjustment compared with the condition adjustment from the outside. The material and energy costs are low. The air conditioner 2 acquires outside air, which is air outside the housing 1, from the outside air acquisition pipe 13, and combines the acquired outside air and the air collected from the housing 1 by the air recovery pipe 7 into the air conditioner 2. The air after that is adjusted to conditions corresponding to the cultivation of the plant 5, and the adjusted adjusted air is sent to the air supply pipe 3.

As the CO ₂ adder 14 (an example of a CO ₂ concentration adjuster), CO ₂ is often supplied in the form of a high-pressure cylinder or the like. Therefore, the air from the CO ₂ gas and the housing 1 which is supplied through a pipe from the cylinder are merged in a CO ₂ addition 14, the CO ₂ discharge quantity in a CO ₂ added 14 to flow management pipe middle The required amount is discharged and mixed by opening and closing the valve. An example of the discharge control will be described later with reference to FIG.

A filter 15 is disposed between the CO ₂ adder 14 and the humidifier 16. Necessary for filtering the gas from the cooling air blower 12 that is easy for bacteria to propagate due to the outside air and complicated structure containing bacteria, and for circulating clean air, for example, HEPA filter (High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter) Such a high cleaning effect or a sterilization filter is used.

The reason for arranging the humidifier 16 (an example of a humidity controller) is as follows. In the process in which air circulates inside the housing 1, the humidity of the air tends to increase due to the influence of humidity improvement due to the transpiration effect of the plant 5. Therefore, normally, since the cooling air blower 12 in the previous stage serves to remove excess humidity components with respect to the humidity that is higher than the initial state, there is no need for humidification. However, in the light-out time zone, which is called the dark period of several hours in one day, the plant does not carry out photosynthesis, closes the pores and reduces the amount of transpiration, and may be in a low humidity state. In order to compensate for this, a nozzle device for spraying mist or an ultrasonic humidifier 16 is provided to spray a necessary amount. Since the air immediately after humidification is likely to condense, the filter 15 is not placed close to the humidifier 16 or installed upstream of the humidifier 16. In general, it is difficult to adjust the temperature while keeping the humidity constant.If the temperature is adjusted, excess humidity is removed according to the dew point. Therefore, there is a method to control the temperature upstream and the humidity downstream. It is a method to realize the optimal air quality condition. That is, a temperature adjuster 12 for adjusting the temperature is provided on the upstream side of the flow path through which the air flows, and a humidifier 16 for adjusting the humidity is provided on the downstream side.

The filter 15 cleans the air sent into the housing 1 and is preferably disposed as close to the housing 1 as possible. However, the humidifier 16 is placed downstream of the filter 15 to prevent wetting due to humidification. Put. That is, the filter 15 is arranged on the upstream side of the humidifier 16 in the flow path in the air conditioner 2. As described above, the airflow flows through the virtual flow path 10 in the housing 1. However, even when flowing in the direction opposite to the direction of the virtual flow path 10 indicated by the arrow in FIG. Condition adjustment is performed along the flow toward the vessel 16.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state change graph when adjusting the air condition. Here, read the concentration of CO ₂ in the sensor 11, based on CO ₂ concentration read, to control the CO ₂ added 14 in the control unit 91, CO ₂ gas from the CO ₂ addition 14, air conditioner 2 The state change at the time of spraying to the air which flows through is shown. The horizontal axis of the CO ₂ concentration change graph indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates the CO ₂ concentration.

In the CO ₂ concentration change graph of FIG. 5, the two-dot chain line indicates the target value 19 of the CO ₂ concentration suitable for cultivation. Considering cost performance with CO ₂ consumption, about 1000 ppm is an example of an appropriate value. Among the air quality conditions, the CO ₂ concentration is adjusted using this as a target value.

The upper curve graph of the CO ₂ concentration change graph of FIG. 5 shows an example of the change 20 of the CO ₂ concentration of air after adjustment.

The lower curve graph of the CO ₂ concentration change graph of FIG. 5 shows an example of the change 21 of the CO ₂ concentration change 21 of the introduced outside air, which is one of the CO ₂ concentration change factors. The CO ₂ concentration in the outside air is generally about 400 ppm, which is slightly lower than the conditions suitable for plant cultivation. The introduction of outside air even slightly into the housing 1, since the concentration of CO ₂ in the housing 1 decreases, it is necessary to adjust this. In addition, the CO ₂ concentration in the outside air changes significantly depending on the exhalation of human beings, and may change drastically, for example, when it is rapidly increased when there are workers around. When outside air is introduced into the housing 1, such influences are temporarily received. However, since the CO ₂ concentration of the outside air is normally confined to a level of about 400 ppm, it is practical for cultivation of the plant 5. There is no effect.

The bar graph in the CO ₂ concentration change graph of FIG. 5 indicates the CO ₂ amount 22 discharged from the CO ₂ adder 14. The discharge amount per one time from the CO ₂ adder 14 is set according to the amount of air leaking from the housing 1 to the outside and the cultivation phase of the plant 5. In normal operation, the leakage amount of air from within the housing 1 is a slight and and a certain amount, because growth changes in plant 5 is also slow, the discharge of the CO ₂ from the CO ₂ adding device 14 It does not need to be done frequently and can be covered with a cycle every 5 to 15 minutes. On the other hand, since the CO ₂ concentration may change drastically, sensing of the CO ₂ concentration by the sensor 11 is performed in a shorter cycle such as every other minute, and the target value of the CO ₂ concentration suitable for cultivation is obtained. against 19, when exceeding a certain margin, immediately suspend CO ₂ discharged from the CO ₂ adding device 14 by the control of the control unit 91.

In the CO ₂ concentration change graph of FIG. 5, the upper curve graph, which is an example of the change 20 of the adjusted CO ₂ concentration of air, exceeds a certain margin with respect to the target value 19 of the CO ₂ concentration suitable for cultivation. The point where the CO ₂ concentration has increased, that is, the point 23 where the CO ₂ concentration target value has been exceeded is shown. As an example, in the control unit 91, with respect to the target value of 1000 ppm, 1100 ppm is set as a determination threshold (that is, the upper limit side margin with respect to the target value of 1000 ppm is set to 100 ppm). immediately shall be paused CO ₂ discharged from the CO ₂ adding device 14 by the control of the control unit 91. You can also reduce the CO ₂ concentration in the air, when the plants 5 is determined by the control unit 91 and the CO ₂ concentration in the housing 1 has been reduced to a certain level by the photosynthesis, CO ₂ added device by the control of the control unit 91 14 The CO ₂ discharge from is restarted.

In CO ₂ concentration change graph of FIG. 5, the target value 19 of the CO ₂ concentration suitable for cultivation, the change in CO ₂ concentration in the air after adjustment 20, that the CO ₂ concentration is reduced beyond a certain margin That is, a point 24 that is lower than the CO ₂ concentration target value is shown. As an example, when the control unit 91 determines that the lower limit side margin is set to 100 ppm with respect to the target value of 1000 ppm for the CO ₂ concentration target value of 1000 ppm (that is, the lower limit margin for the target value of 1000 ppm is set to 100 ppm). to immediately resume CO ₂ discharged from the CO ₂ adding device 14 by the control of the control unit 91.

As described above, on the assumption that the state change of the plant 5 is gradual, the air state is measured by the sensor 11 in a relatively short time cycle (for example, every other minute) and determined by the control unit 91 and compared. The basis of the control law in the control unit 91 is that the control unit 91 adjusts the air quality condition in a long time cycle (for example, every 5 to 15 minutes). The temperature and humidity are also controlled by the control unit 91 in the same manner as the CO ₂ concentration. For leafy vegetables such as lettuce as an example of the plant 5, a CO ₂ concentration of 900 to 1100 ppm, a temperature of 21 to 22 ° C., 70 It is said that a relative humidity of ˜80% is preferred, and the sensor 11 and the control unit 91 perform measurement and control of air temperature, humidity, and CO ₂ concentration using this as a guide.

In addition, control of each structure of said plant cultivation apparatus is performed by the control part 91 by a computer etc. The control unit 91 includes one or a plurality of memories or processors, and a predetermined program is stored so as to perform the above-described operation.

In addition, you may perform a plant cultivation method by performing the above-mentioned operation | movement and process using said plant cultivation apparatus. Thereby, the stable cultivation of a plant is realizable.

According to the above-described embodiment, the air conditioner is configured so that the temperature, humidity, and CO ₂ concentration of the air recovered from the recovery hole 6 of the housing 1 through the air recovery pipe 7 are the air quality conditions corresponding to the cultivation of the plant 5. 2 is adjusted at one place, and the adjusted air is supplied to the housing 1. Therefore, the air quality conditions suitable for the cultivation of the plant 5 can be appropriately homogenized and maintained, and the plant 5 can contribute to stable quality and increased yield.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, an airflow is flowed to the virtual flow path 10 along the path | route which connects the peripheral part of the plant 5 of cultivation object, and the direct upper part of the plant 5, and the airflow collect | recovered from the housing | casing 1 is again the After appropriately adjusting the air quality condition, the air quality condition suitable for cultivation of the plant 5 can be appropriately homogenized and maintained by circulating the air condition in the housing 1.

Therefore, according to the plant cultivation apparatus 100 according to the embodiment, how to appropriately control the fluctuating external environment and how to flow the airflow in an appropriate position and direction with respect to the plant 5. Can be considered. Thereby, the air quality conditions suitable for cultivation of the plant 5 can be appropriately homogenized and maintained, and the quality of the plant 5 and the yield increase can be realized.

Note that the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented in various other aspects. For example, although the sensor 11 is arranged in the air conditioner 2, it is only necessary to detect the state of the air collected in the air conditioner 2, so that it is arranged in the air recovery pipe 7 outside the air conditioner 2, for example. It may be.

It should be noted that, by appropriately combining any of the various embodiments or modifications, the effects possessed by them can be produced. In addition, combinations of the embodiments, combinations of the examples, or combinations of the embodiments and examples are possible, and combinations of features in different embodiments or examples are also possible.

The plant cultivation apparatus according to the above aspect of the present disclosure can appropriately homogenize and maintain air quality conditions suitable for plant cultivation in an environment where plants are cultivated with high efficiency such as a plant factory. For this reason, the plant cultivation apparatus according to the aspect of the present disclosure contributes not only to the plant cultivation apparatus or the plant cultivation system business but also to various social activities and industrial activities such as agriculture, research and development, or school education using these. To do.

1: Housing 1a: Cultivation shelf 1b: Exterior 2: Air conditioner 3: Air supply pipe 3a: Tip part 4: Supply hole 5: Plant 6: Recovery hole 7: Air recovery pipe 8: Lighting device 9: Bed 10 : Virtual flow path 11: Sensor 12: Cooling blower (temperature adjuster)
13: Outside air acquisition piping 14: CO ₂ adder (CO ₂ concentration adjuster)
15: Filter 16: Humidifier (humidity adjuster)
19: suitable for cultivation CO ₂ concentration of the target value 20: changes in CO ₂ concentration in the air after adjustment 21: introduction of outside air CO ₂ concentration change of 22: discharged from the CO ₂ adding device the amount of CO ₂ 23: CO ₂ Point where concentration target value was exceeded 24: Point below CO ₂ concentration target value 31:

First valve mechanism

31a, 32a:

Solid line position

31b, 32b: Dotted line position 32: Second valve mechanism 33: First piping end 34 : Second piping end 35, 36: piping path 40: airflow direction switching mechanism 90: cultivation hole 91: control unit 93: flow path 100: plant cultivation device

Claims

A housing having a space for cultivating plants therein;
An air recovery pipe connected to a recovery hole of the casing for recovering air in the casing;
And the air conditioning apparatus for adjusting the recovery holes from the air recovered through the air collection piping temperature, humidity, and CO 2 concentration in the conditions corresponding to the cultivation of the plants,
Plant cultivation comprising: an air supply pipe that connects the air conditioner and a supply hole of the housing and supplies air adjusted by the air conditioner from the supply hole of the housing into the housing apparatus.
The collection hole is arranged above the plant,
The plant cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein the supply hole is arranged at a base of the plant and a position that does not overlap with the recovery hole in a plan view.
The air conditioner has outside air acquisition piping that acquires outside air that is air outside the housing,
Adjust the air after combining the outside air acquired from the outside air acquisition pipe and the air recovered from the housing by the air recovery pipe to the air conditioner to a condition corresponding to the cultivation of the plant, after adjustment The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the air is sent to the supply hole through the air supply pipe.
A sensor that measures the temperature, humidity, and CO 2 concentration of the air in the housing;
The air conditioning system, on the basis of the information of the sensor housing of the air temperature, humidity, and CO 2 to adjust the concentration, the plant cultivation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
The air conditioner has a flow path through which air flows, and includes a temperature adjuster that adjusts the temperature upstream of the flow path, and a humidity adjuster that adjusts humidity downstream of the flow path. The plant cultivation apparatus according to any one of 4.
The plant cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the air conditioner includes a filter.
The air conditioner includes a temperature adjuster that adjusts the temperature of air in the housing, a humidity adjuster that adjusts the humidity of air in the housing, and a CO 2 concentration that adjusts the CO 2 concentration of air in the housing. An adjustment machine,
The sensor temperature of the air and collected in the air conditioning system, humidity, and CO 2 concentration is measured,
By controlling the temperature adjuster, the humidity adjuster, and the CO 2 concentration adjuster of the air conditioner at a time interval longer than the measurement interval of the sensor, the temperature, humidity of the air collected in the air conditioner, And a control unit that controls to adjust the CO 2 concentration to a condition corresponding to the cultivation of the plant,
The controller determines the temperature, humidity, and CO 2 concentration of the air measured by the sensor at the measurement interval, and the temperature adjuster and the humidity adjuster of the air conditioner based on the respective determination results And the CO 2 concentration adjuster to control the temperature, humidity, and CO 2 concentration of the air collected in the air conditioner at a temperature of 21-22 ° C. when the plant is a leafy vegetable, The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 4, which is adjusted to a relative humidity of 70 to 80% and a CO 2 concentration of 900 to 1100 ppm.