WO2017198496A1 - Machine électrique dotée d'un agencement à deux rotors comportant une substance ferromagnétique cryogénique - Google Patents

Machine électrique dotée d'un agencement à deux rotors comportant une substance ferromagnétique cryogénique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017198496A1
WO2017198496A1 PCT/EP2017/061042 EP2017061042W WO2017198496A1 WO 2017198496 A1 WO2017198496 A1 WO 2017198496A1 EP 2017061042 W EP2017061042 W EP 2017061042W WO 2017198496 A1 WO2017198496 A1 WO 2017198496A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
magnetic flux
electrical machine
cryogenic
individual magnets
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2017/061042
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mykhaylo Filipenko
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2017198496A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017198496A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K55/00—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
    • H02K55/02—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/02—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the magnetic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/02—Machines with one stator and two or more rotors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric machine with a double-rotor arrangement, in particular a machine with an inner rotor and an outer rotor, between which a stator is arranged.
  • the so-called power density can be used, which sets the power that can be generated by the machine in relation to its weight and is usually specified in kW / kg.
  • kW / kg the power that can be generated by the machine in relation to its weight
  • a known approach for increasing the power density of an electrical machine is described, for example, in DE102013225093A1.
  • the power density of an electric machine scales di ⁇ rectly with the magnetic flux density, which can be generated by the electric or permanent magnet used in the electric machine and with the example.
  • Stator of the machine arranged coils interacts electromagnetically.
  • This relationship between the flux density and the power density allows a significant increase in the power density of the machine in that a Double ⁇ rotor configuration is used, in which the stator with the coils between two equipped with the magnetic flux density ver ⁇ cause ligand magnet rotors is arranged.
  • the stator is arranged in the radial direction between an external rotor and an internal rotor.
  • the stator is in the axial direction between the two Runners arranged, ie, a first rotor, the stator and a second rotor are in the axial direction one behind the other.
  • Such double rotor configurations are electromagnetically advantageous because they allow both very high magnetic flux densities in the air gaps as well as best map the magnetic circuit, since the rotor can be used on both sides of the stator or the coils for the generation and for the guidance of the magnetic flux. These and other measures can be reflected in an increased power density of the machine.
  • a first approach to increasing the power density is thus to use a double-rotor configuration in the electrical machine.
  • An electrical machine has a double ⁇ rotor assembly having a first rotor and a second rotor.
  • the first rotor and the second rotor are arranged concentrically to one another, that the first rotor and the second rotor are spaced apart in a certain preferred direction, so that there is a gap between the ers ⁇ th rotor and the second rotor.
  • the first rotor and the second rotor each have means for generating a magnetic flux, such that the generated magnetic flux between the first rotor and the second rotor in the preferred direction passes through the air gap.
  • the preferred direction may, for example, be oriented substantially in an axial direction or in a radial direction.
  • the first rotor and the second rotor further each have a yoke for guiding the magnetic flux, wherein the yokes each have at least one laminated core made of a cryogenic ferromagnetic for guiding the magnetic flux in the respective yoke, which are ideally each along the entire circumference of extend respective yoke.
  • the two runners may be essentially circular in shape and the sections may also correspond, for example, to those circular ring segments of the runners which, in the direction of rotation, are related to the axis of rotation of the runners extend an angle between 0 ° and 90 °.
  • cryogenic ferromagnetic substance for example. Terbi ⁇ to or dysprosium, in the yokes allows performing high magnetic fluxes, for example, can be generated with the aid of superconducting permanent magnets., Resulting in a correspondingly higher power density of the electrical machine.
  • Curie temperature of materials such as terbium or dysprosium is far below room temperature, which is why these materials have to be cooled to cryogenic temperatures only half, so they can go into the ferromagnetic phase over ⁇ .
  • these materials may be about 4-8T and long term up to 14T run contrary to conventional ferromagnetic magnetic flux densities in large ⁇ erowski devise.
  • the means for generating the magnetic flux are arranged on each ⁇ bib rotor that they are located in the region of that surface of the respective rotor, which faces the respective other rotor. This ensures ⁇ ensures that in the gap between the runners a maximum magnetic flux can be generated.
  • the yokes with the laminated cores from the cryogenic ferromagnetic for guiding the magnetic flux are arranged on the respective rotor such that the means for He ⁇ generation of the magnetic flux of a respective rotor substantially between the yoke of the respective rotor and the respective other rotor or the air gap is located. The yokes are thus virtually in the area of that surface of the respective runner, which is remote from the other runner.
  • the means for generating the magnetic flux on the first rotor and the second rotor each comprise a plurality of individual magnets, in particular the same plurality.
  • each individual magnet of the first rotor is associated with a single magnet of the second rotor, wherein associated individual magnets form a pair of individual magnets.
  • the individual magnets of a pair are arranged so that they face each other in the preferred direction, so that they are thus arranged spaced apart in the preferred direction.
  • Wei ⁇ terhin the individual magnets are arranged such that the Po ⁇ larities of their magnetizations are basically oriented parallel or anti-parallel to the preferred direction.
  • the polarities of the magnetizations of the individual magnets of a respective pair are opposite one another, so that, for example, a single magnet of one pair is arranged in north-south orientation and the other individual magnet of the pair is oriented south-north.
  • adjacent individual magnets of the first rotor are arranged so oriented that the polarities of the magnetizations of the circumferentially adjacent individual magnets of the first rotor opposed to one another, ie from ⁇ alternately oppositely in the preferred direction and the preference ⁇ direction.
  • adjacent individual magnets of the second rotor are arranged in the circumferential direction of the second rotor such that the polarities of the magnetizations of the circumferentially adjacent individual magnets of the second rotor are oriented opposite to each other.
  • Expressed strong ver ⁇ simplifies this specific configuration can be referred to as North-South / South-North configuration.
  • the magnetic flux is always alternately oriented parallel or anti-parallel to the preferred direction, which is reflected in the fact that the electromagnetic inter- action as between the magnetic flux and the coils of the stator during operation of the electrical machine Generator or as an electric motor with maximum efficiency takes place.
  • the means for generating the magnetic flux at the first rotor and at the second rotor are advantageously superconducting permanent magnets in each case, in particular so-called "HTS bulk magnets.”
  • HTS bulk magnets are advantageously superconducting permanent magnets in each case, in particular so-called "HTS bulk magnets.”
  • cryogenic ferromagnetics is advantageous, since the special properties te in the temperature range of about 20K to about 70 K. can be practically used ..
  • the ferromagnetics are used only to guide the magnetic flux in the rotor, they ⁇ cause no losses due to changing magnetization, for example. hysteresis and eddy currents HTS bulk magnets.
  • superconducting magnets which show create their superconducting properties only below a limited hours ⁇ men critical transition temperature and can be magnetized.
  • YBCO or GdBCO there These materials can provide a magnetization of up to 6T at temperatures of about 30K.
  • the electric machine further comprises a stator disposed in the gap between the first rotor and the second rotor and concentric with the first rotor and the second rotor, and supporting a plurality of coils arranged so as to engage with the first rotor magnetic flux electromagnetic interaction.
  • the Spu ⁇ len are advantageously designed as an air coil, so that the stator has a comparatively low weight.
  • the first rotor and the second rotor are rotatable relative to the electric machine and the stator, but immovable relative to each other.
  • first rotor is an internal rotor and the second rotor, an outer rotor, wherein the rotor are arranged such that the inner rotor is located radially in ⁇ nergur of the external rotor, so that the preferential Rich ⁇ tung is oriented in the radial direction in space ,
  • the stator is disposed in the radial direction between the inner rotor and the outer rotor and concentric with the inner rotor and the outer rotor.
  • the means for generating the magnetic flux are finally disposed on the inner rotor and the outer rotor such that the magnetic flux between the inner rotor and the outer rotor extends in a substantially radial direction.
  • HTS-bulk magnets In very powerful conventional machines, so-called “Halbach arrangements” are frequently used, which have a special magnetization, which is reflected in the fact that the magnetic flux can be redirected within the magnets, but to date it has proven to be technically very difficult It is therefore necessary to resort to a north-south / south-north configuration so that the high flux in this configuration does not have to be guided by air, the said cryogenic ferromagnetics are used.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electrical machine with double rotor arrangement.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electrical machine 10, indicated by its housing 11, and its largely annular double-rotor arrangement 100, which is rotatable about an axis of rotation R relative to the electric machine or, for example, with respect to its housing 11.
  • the double-rotor arrangement 100 has a first rotor 110 and a second rotor 120, which are arranged concentrically with one another.
  • the double-rotor arrangement is a radial double-rotor, i. the first rotor 110 is an inner rotor and the second rotor 120 is an outer rotor.
  • the inner rotor 110 is disposed radially within the outer rotor 120, i. the inner rotor 110 has a smaller one
  • a "preferred direction" is defined, which is based on the spatial direction with respect to the axis of rotation R in which the two runners are spaced from one another 100, the external rotor 120 is located radially outward of the internal rotor, that the preferential direction is oriented in the radial direction.
  • the Preferred direction oriented in the axial direction.
  • the inner rotor 110 as well as the outer rotor 120 each have a plurality of means 112, 122 for generating a magnetic flux and via in each case via a yoke 113, 123 for guiding the magnetic flux, which n of FIG 1 is indicated by the arrows, in the respective Läu ⁇ fer 110, 120.
  • the means 112, 122 for he ⁇ generation of the magnetic flux are permanent magnets.
  • the permanent magnets 112, 122 are in or on the respective yoke
  • the means 112, 122 for generating the magnetic flux or the permanent magnets 112, 122 on the inner rotor 110 and the outer rotor 120 each comprise a plurality of individual magnets 112, 122, wherein the two runners 110, 120 ideally have the same number of individual magnets 112, 122 having.
  • Each individual magnet 112 of the inner rotor 110 is a single Magnet 122 of the outer rotor 120 associated with each other, associated individual magnets, for example, the. With 112 ⁇ and 122 ⁇ ge ⁇ identified individual magnets, a pair of individual magnets 112 122 ⁇ form.
  • the individual magnets 112 122 ⁇ of a time jewei- pair are arranged such that they are in the preferred direction, that is, in the present example, face each other in the radial direction, so that they are arranged in the preferred direction apart from each other. All ⁇ A zelmagnete 112, 122 are further arranged such that the polarities of their magnetizations, which are symbolized in FIG 1 by arrows, parallel or antiparal ⁇ lel oriented to the preferential direction.
  • the Pola ⁇ linearities of the magnetizations of the individual magnets 112 122 ⁇ of a respective pair are opposite to each other, so it is, for example, a single magnet 112 ⁇ of a pair of north-south-off ⁇ direction and the other single magnet 122 ⁇ of the pair in south-north Orientation arranged. Furthermore, in the circumferential direction of the inner rotor 110 adjacent individual magnets 112 of the inner rotor 110 are arranged such that the polarities of the magnetizations of the circumferentially adjacent individual magnets are oriented opposite to each other, ie from ⁇ alternately in the preferred direction and opposite to the preferred ⁇ direction. From the latter specification results, together with the already mentioned requirement that the polarities of the magnetizations of the individual magnets 112 122 ⁇ of a respective
  • the permanent magnets 112, 122 of the rotor 110, 120 are arranged substantially alternately in north-south and south-north configuration, wherein a north-south magnet 122 in the outer rotor 120 is a south-north magnet 112 of the Inner rotor 110 faces in the preferred direction and vice versa ⁇ .
  • the yokes 113, 123 each comprise at ⁇ least one lamination stack 115, 125 of a cryogenic ferromagnetic tikum for guiding the magnetic flux in the respective yoke 113, 123 on or consist ideal case of such a laminated core 115, 125.
  • a cryogenic ferromagnetics kom ⁇ men for example.
  • the laminated cores 115, 125 are merely indicated in FIG. 1 in such a way that they apparently only extend over a small solid angle along the circumference of the respective rotor 110, 120. Ideally, or realistically réellere ⁇ However CKEN each extending along the entire periphery of each rotor 110, 120th
  • the laminated cores 115, 125 from the cryogenic ferromagnetic material are 120 arranged on the respective rotor 110, that the means 112, 122 for generating the magnetic river rate or the permanent magnets 112, 122 of a respective Läu ⁇ fers 110, 120 is substantially between the laminated core 115, 125 of the respective rotor 110, 120 and the respective other rotor 120, 110 and the gap is located.
  • the yokes 113, 123 and in particular the laminated cores 115, 125 are therefore located substantially in the region of that surface of the respective rotor 110, 120, which faces away from the respective other rotor 120, 110.
  • the runners 110, 120 are formed as inner and outer runners, so that the preferred direction extends in Radia ⁇ ler direction, that means that the means 122 of the outer rotor 120 for generating of the magnetic flux are arranged on its radially inner surface 121, while the means 112 of the inner rotor 110 for generating the magnetic flux are located on its radially outer surface 111.
  • the laminated core 125 of the outer rotor 120 is made of the cryogenic gen Ferromagnetikum on its radially outer surface and the laminated core 115 of the inner rotor 110 of the cryogenic Ferromagnetikum is disposed in the region of its radially inner surface.
  • stator 200 of the electrical machine 10 In the gap between the internal rotor 110 and external rotor 120 is a stator 200 of the electrical machine 10, ie the diameter of the stator 200 is located between the diam ⁇ fibers of the runners 110, 120.
  • the stator 200 is nikringfömig and concentric also in We ⁇ sentlichen to the Runners 110, 120 arranged.
  • the dimensions of the runner 110, 120 and the stator 200 are selected such that between the radially inner surface 201 of the stator 200 and the radially outer surface 111 of the inner rotor 110, as well as interim ⁇ rule of the radially outer surface 202 of the stator 200 and the radially inner surface 121 of the outer rotor 120 depending ⁇ forms an air gap.
  • the stator 200 carries a plurality ⁇ number of windings or coils 210 which are arranged such that the coils are penetrated 210, produced by the double rotor structure 200 magnetic flux.
  • the stator 120 is, for example. Via a mechanical connection (not shown) fixed to the housing 11 or other components of the electric machine 10, so that the stator 120 with respect to the machine 10 in itself or with respect to the housing 11 is ultimately immovable. Consequently, however, the rotor 100 is relative to the stator 200 rotatable, so that upon rotation of the rotor 100 of the
  • Rotor 100 rotating magnetic flux can interact electromagnetically with the coils 210.
  • the rotor 100 rotates and the double rotor structure 100 relative to the stator 200.
  • rotor 100 and stator 200 are arranged as described to each other such that the magnetic field or the magneti ⁇ specific flux of the permanent magnets 112, 122 and the coil 210 so interact with one another, that the electric machine 10 due to the interaction in an ers ⁇ th mode of operation as a generator and / or in a second operating mode functions as an electric motor.
  • the operation of the electric machine 10 is thus based on the well-known per se th concept that the two components 100, 200 electromag ⁇ genetically interact with each other, so that the electric machine 10 can operate in one of two modes of operation.
  • the double-rotor arrangement 100 and with it the permanent magazines 112, 122 are, for example, set in rotation via a shaft 12 of the electric machine 10, so that electrical voltages are induced in the coils 210 of the stator 200 , If the electrical machine 10 to work as an electric motor, the coils are acted 210 with electric current, so that due to the interaction of the hereby produced magnetic fields with the fields of the permanent magnets 112, 122 Torque ⁇ ment on the rotor 100 and thus to the shaft 12 acts.
  • the means 112, 122 for generating the magnetic flux is to be noted that it turns out to be particularly before ⁇ geous when the above-mentioned permanent ⁇ magnets magnetic and superconducting permanent magnets 112, 122 are manufactured ⁇ det with which at respective ambient temperatures comparatively high flux densities can be generated in North size ⁇ voltages of eg. up to 9T.
  • YBCO or GdBCO are used as materials for the superconducting permanent magnets 112, 122, whereby called for flow-tight temperatures of about 30K.
  • the runners 110, 120 and / or the stator 200 would be realized depending on spatial conditions, housed individually or together in one or more cryostats. However, this is not shown in detail .
  • a further, alternative realization possibility of the means 112, 122 for generating the magnetic flux on the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 is that the means, such as the yokes 113, 123, may also be formed as laminated cores from the cryogenic ferromagnetic.
  • these means 112, 122 do not initially provide any magnetization, ie they must be magnetized before the electrical machine is put into operation. This is done eg. By means of known Magneti ⁇ s ists sexualen which have been specifically proposed for this purpose.
  • the coils 210 of the stator 200 are preferably designed as so-called. Air coils, ie in particular without weichmagneti ⁇ 's core. Instead, the coils 210, for example. To the non-magnetic cores of a preferred light Materi- al (not shown) or even be completely without threaded core ⁇ oped. This has the consequence that also the stator 200, can inter alia be made such that it has a comparatively ge ⁇ ring weight.
  • At least one of the runners 110, 120 must be mechanically connected to the shaft 12 in order to enable a torque transmission between the double-rotor arrangement 100 and the shaft 12.
  • the inner rotor 110 and the outer rotor 120 may be connected to one another via a mechanical connection (not shown), so that, as a result, the torques generated on both rotors 110, 120 can be transmitted to the shaft 12.
  • the permanent magnets 112, 122 are not arranged on the rotors 110, 120, son ⁇ on the stator 200.
  • the coils 210 in which, depending on the operation voltages are induced or to be acted upon by a current , are in this case arranged on the runners 110, 120 and can be connected, for example via brushes or other suitable transformers, to an electrical load or to a power source (not shown).
  • This variant explained in the following non nä ⁇ ago, it does not WE sentliche role in the actual invention to which the two components
  • the permanent magnets 112, 122 and the SPU ⁇ len 210 are respectively disposed.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine électrique présentant un agencement à deux rotors qui comprend un premier et un second rotor. Le premier rotor et le second rotor sont disposés de manière concentrique l'un par rapport à l'autre, de sorte à être éloignés l'un de l'autre dans la direction radiale, de manière qu'une fente se situe entre eux. Les rotors présentent chacun des moyens pour produire un flux magnétique qui passe dans la direction radiale par l'entrefer. Les rotors comportent en outre chacun une culasse pour guider le flux magnétique, les culasses présentant chacune au moins un noyau feuilleté composé d'une substance ferromagnétique cryogénique pour guider le flux magnétique dans chacune des culasses, lesquelles s'étendent idéalement chacune le long de l'ensemble de la périphérie de chaque culasse.
PCT/EP2017/061042 2016-05-18 2017-05-09 Machine électrique dotée d'un agencement à deux rotors comportant une substance ferromagnétique cryogénique WO2017198496A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016208474.7 2016-05-18
DE102016208474.7A DE102016208474A1 (de) 2016-05-18 2016-05-18 Elektrische Maschine mit Doppelläuferanordnung mit kryogenem Ferromagnetikum

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017198496A1 true WO2017198496A1 (fr) 2017-11-23

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PCT/EP2017/061042 WO2017198496A1 (fr) 2016-05-18 2017-05-09 Machine électrique dotée d'un agencement à deux rotors comportant une substance ferromagnétique cryogénique

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DE (1) DE102016208474A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017198496A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020025530A1 (fr) * 2018-07-31 2020-02-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Aimant supraconducteur, procédé pour sa fabrication, machine électrique et aéronef électrique hybride

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KR20040002349A (ko) * 2002-06-26 2004-01-07 주식회사 아모텍 레이디얼 코어타입 더블 로터 방식의 비엘디씨 모터
US20100038986A1 (en) * 2008-08-12 2010-02-18 Hull John R Brushless Motor/Generator With Trapped-Flux Superconductors
US20110248589A1 (en) * 2008-12-08 2011-10-13 Konecny Frantisek Circular transformer-generator
US20140070651A1 (en) * 2012-09-07 2014-03-13 Sten R. Gerfast Brushless, ironless stator, single coil motor without laminations
DE102013225093A1 (de) 2013-12-06 2015-06-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Rotor für eine elektrische Maschine

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1516418B1 (fr) * 2002-06-26 2011-03-23 Amotech Co., Ltd. Moteur a courant continu sans balai de type a carcasse radiale ayant une structure à double rotors
JP5722690B2 (ja) * 2011-04-19 2015-05-27 Ｔ．Ｋ Ｌｅｖｅｒａｇｅ株式会社 発電装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20040002349A (ko) * 2002-06-26 2004-01-07 주식회사 아모텍 레이디얼 코어타입 더블 로터 방식의 비엘디씨 모터
US20100038986A1 (en) * 2008-08-12 2010-02-18 Hull John R Brushless Motor/Generator With Trapped-Flux Superconductors
US20110248589A1 (en) * 2008-12-08 2011-10-13 Konecny Frantisek Circular transformer-generator
US20140070651A1 (en) * 2012-09-07 2014-03-13 Sten R. Gerfast Brushless, ironless stator, single coil motor without laminations
DE102013225093A1 (de) 2013-12-06 2015-06-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Rotor für eine elektrische Maschine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020025530A1 (fr) * 2018-07-31 2020-02-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Aimant supraconducteur, procédé pour sa fabrication, machine électrique et aéronef électrique hybride

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