WO2017198109A1 - 一种煤层为主含水层矿井井筒揭煤方法 - Google Patents
一种煤层为主含水层矿井井筒揭煤方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017198109A1 WO2017198109A1 PCT/CN2017/084071 CN2017084071W WO2017198109A1 WO 2017198109 A1 WO2017198109 A1 WO 2017198109A1 CN 2017084071 W CN2017084071 W CN 2017084071W WO 2017198109 A1 WO2017198109 A1 WO 2017198109A1
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- coal seam
- coal
- water
- aquifer
- drainage
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003657 drainage water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for uncovering coal in a wellbore, in particular to a method for uncovering coal in a wellbore with coal seam as main aquifer for solving water inrush problem.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for uncovering coal in a coal seam main aquifer mine shaft by focusing on the problem of safe coal uncovering and preventing water inrush caused by special hydrogeology of coal seam as main aquifer.
- the coal seam of the present invention is a method for uncovering coal in a mine shaft of a main aquifer, comprising the following steps:
- the grouting plugging is performed above the drainage hole in the vertical shaft construction, and the height of the grouting plugging is 5-10 m;
- the inclined well is slanted from the bottom of the vertical shaft toward the coal seam, and a temporary drainage system is established in the inclined well;
- a plurality of drainage holes are constructed from the inclined well to the vertical direction of the coal seam;
- the discharge pressure of the drainage drilling hole and the advanced drilling drainage water is that the amount of the water to be discharged is less than 100 m 3 /h, and the pressure drop of the coal seam water is less than 0.1 MPa.
- the angle from the bottom of the vertical shaft to the direction of the coal seam is 6 to 12 degrees.
- the drainage holes are vertically laid down from the vertical well to the coal seams of 3 to 5.
- the horizontal separation distance of the plurality of drainage holes from the inclined well to the vertical direction of the coal seam is 2.5 to 3.5 m.
- the invention has the beneficial effects that the invention solves the problem of water inrush and flooding in the direct drilling of the wellbore by grouting and plugging, and solves the problem of uncovering coal in the coal seam as a main aquifer by multidisciplinary crossover, and can quickly and effectively invest in building a well and filling the coal seam.
- the water inflow is reduced to less than 100 m 3 /h, and the coal bed water pressure is reduced to less than 0.1 MPa.
- the invention is an effective means for solving the coal seam problem of the coal seam as the main aquifer, and the scheme design is reasonable and the practical operation is strong.
- the method is simple, the use effect is good, and has wide practicality in the technical field.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the geological profile of a coal mine borehole as a main aquifer in the coal seam of the present invention.
- the geological section of the mine is shown in Figure 1.
- the 2# coal seam is the main aquifer with a depth of 350m.
- the water inflow in the tunnel was 320m 3 /h
- the maximum was 540m 3 /h
- the maximum water pressure was 2.7MPa.
- the sand flow phenomenon was seriously impossible to construct.
- the drainage and pressure relief of the coal seam is carried out by straight drainage and excavation of the drainage hole and the advance drilling hole in the inclined well.
- the specific implementation is as follows:
- the urea-formaldehyde resin 6 is used for grouting and sealing on the drainage hole 5 of the vertical well 2, and the height of the grouting plugging is 10 m;
- the inclined shaft 8 is slanted from the bottom 7 of the vertical shaft to the coal seam 4, wherein the inclined angle is 6°, and the temporary drainage system 9 is established in the inclined well 8, and the BASF company is adopted in the inclined well.
- a plurality of drainage holes 5 are constructed from the oblique well to the vertical direction of the 2# coal seam 4, and the horizontal separation distance of the plurality of drainage holes 5 from the inclined well 8 to the coal seam 4 is 2.5. ⁇ 3.5m;
- the amount of water discharge through the drainage hole 5 and the advanced drilling hole 10 reduces the water inflow to below 100 m 3 /h, and the coal bed water pressure is reduced to below 0.1 MPa.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
公开了一种煤层为主含水层矿井井筒揭煤方法,从地面(1)垂直向下施工立井(2)至煤层(4)上方上覆岩层(3)内隔水层或弱含水层处;施工排水孔(5)至煤层(4)内进行卸压排水,待煤层卸压排水完毕后,对立井进行注浆封堵,使其避开含水层并掘进斜井(8),在掘进斜井的过程中施工排水孔(5)、超前钻孔(10)和直排钻孔(11)以控制高压煤层水并建立临时排水系统(9),将煤层水通过临时排水系统(9)排至地面(1),待含水煤层排水卸压后,继续掘进斜井(8)直至安全揭煤(12)。本揭煤方法能有效地解决煤层为主含水层的突水和揭煤问题,通过注浆封堵解决直接打井筒揭煤时突水淹井问题,运用多学科交叉解决了煤层为主含水层的揭煤问题,能够快速有效地投资建井,填补了煤层为主含水层这一特殊地质条件下安全揭煤方法的空白。
Description
本发明是一种井筒揭煤方法,尤其是一种解决突水问题的以煤层为主含水层矿井井筒揭煤方法。
我国矿山突水问题一直是制约矿山安全生产的重大技术难题。针对这一问题,国内外已形成了防水煤岩柱留设、疏干降压、岩层注浆改造等突水防治方法。煤层为主含水层的水文地质特征在煤矿中为首次发现,此类矿井水害防治及揭煤技术国内外未见明确报道。
发明内容
本发明目的是针对煤层为主含水层这一特殊水文地质所引起的安全揭煤与防治突水问题,提供一种煤层为主含水层矿井井筒揭煤方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明的煤层为主含水层矿井井筒揭煤方法,包括以下步骤:
a.从地面垂直向下施工立井至煤层上方上覆岩层内隔水层或弱含水层处;
b.从立井内垂直向下施工排水孔至煤层内,按常规进行煤层排水卸压;
c.煤层排水卸压完毕后,在立井内施工的排水孔上方进行注浆封堵,注浆封堵的高度为5~10m;
d.待注浆封堵完毕后,由立井底部倾斜向煤层方向掘进斜井,同时在斜井中建立临时排水系统;
e.在斜井掘进过程中,从斜井向煤层垂直方向间隔距离施工多个排水孔;
f.当斜井掘进至煤层时,在斜井掘进头向煤层内施工超前钻孔;
g.在位于超前钻孔的前方从地面垂直向煤层施工一直排钻孔,对超前钻孔前方的煤层进行卸压排水,斜井中的煤层水通过临时排水系统排至地面。超前钻孔前方的煤层水通过直排钻孔排至地面;
h.待煤层水卸压后,沿超前钻孔继续掘进斜井至煤层内,从而实现含水层矿井井筒内的安全揭煤。
所述排水钻孔和超前钻孔排水卸压的量为涌出水量降至100m3/h以下,煤层水卸压降为0.1MPa以下。
所述由立井底部倾斜向煤层方向掘进的角度为6~12°。
所述从立井内垂直向下施工至煤层内的排水孔为3~5个。
所述从斜井向煤层垂直方向施工多个排水孔的水平间隔距离为2.5~3.5m。
有益效果:本发明通过注浆封堵解决直接打井筒揭煤时突水淹井问题,运用多学科交叉解决了煤层为主含水层的揭煤问题,能够快速有效地投资建井,填补了煤层为主含水层这一特殊地质条件下安全揭煤方法的空白。通过直排钻孔和掘进斜井中的排水孔、超前钻孔对煤层进行排水卸压,为安全揭煤提供了保障,有效地防治煤层为主含水层这一特殊水文地质引起的突水问题,从而实现安全揭煤。使得涌水量降至100m3/h以下,煤层水卸压降至0.1MPa以下。本发明是解决煤层为主含水层井筒揭煤问题的有效手段,方案设计合理,实际操作性强。其方法简单,使用效果好,在本技术领域内具有广泛的实用性。
图1是本发明的煤层为主含水层矿井井筒揭煤地质剖面图。
图中:1-地面,2-立井,3-上覆岩层,4-2#煤层,5-排水孔,6-脲醛树脂,7-立井底部,8-斜井,9-临时排水系统,10-超前钻孔,11-直排钻孔,12-揭煤。
下面结合附图对本发明的一个实施例作进一步的描述:
以某矿含水煤层井筒开拓为例,该矿地质剖面如图1所示,其中2#煤层为主含水层,埋深350m。原设计普通凿井法揭煤时巷道涌水量达到320m3/h,最大为540m3/h,水压最大为2.7MPa,流砂现象严重无法施工。针对这种情况,通过直排钻孔和掘进斜井中的排水孔、超前钻孔对煤层进行排水卸压,具体实施如下:
a.从地面1通过上覆岩层3垂直向下打立井2至2#煤层4上方上覆岩层3内隔水层或弱含水层处,该矿隔水层位于上覆岩层3内15m处;所述从立井2内垂直向下施工至煤层4内的排水孔5为3~5个;
b.在立井2中垂直向下打3个排水孔5至2#煤层4内,按常规进行煤层排水卸压;
c.利用排水孔5进行煤层卸压排水完毕后,对立井2施工排水孔5上方使用脲醛树脂6进行注浆封堵,注浆封堵的高度10m;
d.待注浆封堵完毕后,由立井底部7倾斜向煤层4方向掘进斜井8,其中倾斜角度为6°,同时在斜井8中建立临时排水系统9,在斜井中采取德国巴斯夫公司最新的湿喷工艺及MG325注浆堵水材料进行喷浆支护及注浆堵水;所述由立井底部7倾斜向煤层4方向掘进的角度为6~12°;
e.在斜井8掘进过程中,从斜井向2#煤层4垂直方向间隔距离施工多个排水孔5,从斜井8向煤层4垂直方向施工多个排水孔5的水平间隔距离为2.5~3.5m;
f.当斜井8掘进至2#煤层4时,在斜井8掘进头向2#煤层4内打超前钻孔10,同时从地面1垂直向2#煤层4打直排钻孔11,对2#煤层4进行排水卸压。斜井8中的煤层水通过临时排水系统9将其排至地面1,直排钻孔11将煤层水直接排至地面1;
g.待煤层水卸压后,继续掘进斜井8至2#煤层内,实现安全揭煤12。
1.井下实施的排水孔共48个,单孔最大出水量6.4m3/h。
2.通过排水钻孔5和超前钻孔10排水卸压的量使涌水量降至100m3/h以下,煤层水卸压降至0.1MPa以下为止。
Claims (5)
- 一种煤层为主含水层矿井井筒揭煤方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:a.从地面(1)垂直向下施工立井(2)至煤层(4)上方上覆岩层(3)内隔水层或弱含水层处;b.从立井(2)内垂直向下施工排水孔(5)至煤层(4)内,按常规进行煤层排水卸压;c.煤层排水卸压完毕后,在立井(2)内施工的排水孔(5)上方进行注浆封堵(6),注浆封堵的高度为5~10m;d.待注浆封堵完毕后,由立井底部(7)倾斜向煤层(4)方向掘进斜井(8),同时在斜井(8)中建立临时排水系统(9);e.在斜井(8)掘进过程中,从斜井(8)向煤层(4)垂直方向间隔距离施工多个排水孔(5);f.当斜井(8)掘进至煤层(3)时,在斜井(8)掘进头向煤层(3)内施工超前钻孔(10);g.在位于超前钻孔(10)的前方从地面(1)垂直向煤层(4)施工一直排钻孔(11),对超前钻孔(10)前方的煤层(4)进行卸压排水。斜井(8)中的煤层水通过临时排水系统(9)排至地面(1),超前钻孔(10)前方的煤层水通过直排钻孔(11)排至地面(1);h.待煤层水卸压后,沿超前钻孔(10)继续掘进斜井(8)至煤层(4)内,从而实现含水层矿井井筒内的安全揭煤(12)。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种煤层为主含水层矿井井筒揭煤方法,其特征在于:所述排水钻孔(5)和超前钻孔(10)排水卸压的量为涌出水量降至100m3/h以下,煤层水卸压降为0.1MPa以下。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种煤层为主含水层矿井井筒揭煤方法,其特征在于:所述由立井底部(7)倾斜向煤层(4)方向掘进的角度为6~12°。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种煤层为主含水层矿井井筒揭煤方法,其特征在于:所述从立井(2)内垂直向下施工至煤层(4)内的排水孔(5)为3~5个。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种煤层为主含水层矿井井筒揭煤方法,其特征在于:所述从斜井(8)向煤层(4)垂直方向施工多个排水孔(5)的水平间隔距离为2.5~3.5m。
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