WO2017197500A1 - Electronic device with tactile sensors on opposite edges of housing - Google Patents

Electronic device with tactile sensors on opposite edges of housing Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017197500A1
WO2017197500A1 PCT/CA2017/050558 CA2017050558W WO2017197500A1 WO 2017197500 A1 WO2017197500 A1 WO 2017197500A1 CA 2017050558 W CA2017050558 W CA 2017050558W WO 2017197500 A1 WO2017197500 A1 WO 2017197500A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
input
feedback
housing
tactile sensor
electronic device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2017/050558
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Timothy Jing Yin SZETO
Original Assignee
Nanoport Technology Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nanoport Technology Inc. filed Critical Nanoport Technology Inc.
Publication of WO2017197500A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017197500A1/en

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0487Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1633Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
    • G06F1/1684Constructional details or arrangements related to integrated I/O peripherals not covered by groups G06F1/1635 - G06F1/1675
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/016Input arrangements with force or tactile feedback as computer generated output to the user

Definitions

  • the improvements generally relate to the field of electronic devices and more particularly to electronic devices having indicators such as visual indicators, audible indicators, vibratory indicators or any combination thereof.
  • An electronic device generally has a user interfaces including sensors (e.g., buttons) to receive user inputs.
  • sensors e.g., buttons
  • these sensors can receive accidental inputs (e.g., pocket dials) that can cause the electronic device to perform an undesired function.
  • Indicators are used in electronic devices to provide feedback.
  • visual indicators can provide a visual feedback
  • audible indicators can provide an audible feedback
  • vibratory indicators can provide a tactile feedback (e.g., a vibratory feedback).
  • This disclosure relates to the generation of feedback upon reception of one or more inputs for an overlapping duration of time via a user interface of the electronic device.
  • Such feedback can help a user to confirm that the one or more inputs have in fact been received by the electronic device, which may reduce the amount of accidental inputs and which may provide an enhanced feeling of unity with the electronic device.
  • a computer-implemented method of operating an electronic device having a housing with a user interface, the user interface including tactile sensors and an indicator subsystem, the tactile sensors including a first tactile sensor on a first one of two opposite edges of the housing and a second tactile sensor on a second one of the two opposite edges of the housing, the method comprising: receiving a first input from the first tactile sensor of the first edge and receiving a second input from the second tactile sensor of the second edge in a manner that the first input and the second input overlap in time with one another for an overlapping duration; and generating feedback for at least part of the overlapping duration via the indicator subsystem based on the first and second inputs received from the first and second tactile sensors.
  • an electronic device comprising: a housing; a user interface mounted to the housing, the user interface including tactile sensors and an indicator subsystem, the tactile sensors including a first tactile sensor on a first one of two opposite edges of the housing and a second tactile sensor on a second one of the two opposite edges of the housing; a processor housed within the housing and in communication with the user interface, the processor being configured to execute steps of receiving a first input from the first tactile sensor of the first edge and receiving a second input from the second tactile sensor of the second edge in a manner that the first input and the second input overlap in time with one another for an overlapping duration; and generating feedback for at least part of the overlapping duration via the indicator subsystem based on the first and second inputs received from the first and second tactile sensors.
  • a computer-implemented method of operating an electronic device having a housing with a user interface, the user interface including a tactile sensor and a vibratory indicator the method comprising: receiving an input from said tactile sensor; and while said input is maintained, generating feedback of progressively increasing amplitude via the vibratory indicator until the amplitude of the feedback reaches a predefined limit.
  • an electronic device comprising: a housing; a user interface mounted to the housing, the user interface including a tactile sensor and a vibratory indicator; and a processor housed within the housing and in communication with the user interface, the processor being configured to execute steps of receiving an input from said tactile sensor; and while said input is maintained, generating feedback of progressively increasing amplitude via the vibratory indicator until the amplitude of the feedback reaches a predefined limit.
  • FIG. 1 is a top plan view of an electronic device shown held by a user performing a pinch gesture, in accordance with an embodiment
  • Fig. 2 is a graph showing the reception of first and second inputs as a function of time;
  • Fig. 3 is a graph showing a first example of a feedback of progressively increasing amplitude;
  • Fig. 4 is a graph showing a second example of a feedback of progressively increasing amplitude
  • FIG. 5 is a top plan view of another example of an electronic device with a user interface having tactile sensors extending along a given span of two opposite edges of the electronic device;
  • Fig. 6 is a graph showing input pressure amplitude of first or second inputs received from the tactile sensors of the electronic device of Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 A is a top plan view of another example of an electronic device with a user interface having tactile sensors and a visual indicator;
  • Fig. 7B is a top plan view of the electronic device of Fig. 7A, showing the visual indicator generating visual feedback along its edges;
  • Fig. 8 is a top plan view of two electronic devices positioned side-by-side and connected to one another via magnetic connectors, each electronic device including a user interface having a visual indicator generating visual feedback along some of their edges;
  • Fig. 9 is a top plan view of an example of a vibratory indicator with two stoppers;
  • Fig. 10 is a graph showing an example of an activation function to activate the vibratory indicator of Fig. 9 to generate a feedback of progressively increasing amplitude;
  • FIG. 1 1A is a sectional view of another example of a vibratory indicator with a magnetic dampening assembly, showing a magnetic hammer at a first rest position near a stopper;
  • Fig. 1 1 B is a sectional view of the vibratory indicator of Fig. 1 1A showing the magnetic hammer at a second rest position near the magnetic dampening assembly;
  • Fig. 12 is a graph showing an example of an activation function to activate the vibratory indicator of Fig. 11A and Fig. 1 1 B, in accordance with another embodiment
  • FIG. 13 is a sectional view of another example of a vibratory indicator with a mechanical damper, showing a magnetic hammer at a second rest position near the mechanical damper;
  • Fig. 14A is a sectional view of another example of a vibratory indicator with flexures, showing a magnetic hammer at a first rest position;
  • Fig. 14B is a sectional view of the vibratory indicator of Fig. 14A, showing the magnetic hammer at a second rest position;
  • Fig. 15 is a sectional view of another example of a vibratory indicator with spring mounts;
  • Fig. 16 is a sectional view of another example of a vibratory indicator with a spacer;
  • Fig. 17 is a top plan view of another example of an electronic device with a user interface having a tactile sensor and a vibratory indicator, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of an electronic device 100 having a housing 110 with a user interface 120 and a processor 130 housed within the housing 110.
  • the user interface 120 has at least two tactile sensors such as touch sensors or pressure sensors and an indicator subsystem 150.
  • the tactile sensors includes a first tactile sensor 142 on a first one of two opposite edges 1 12, 114 of the housing 1 10 and a second tactile sensor 144 on a second one of the two opposite edges 112, 114 of the housing 1 10.
  • Each of the first and second edges 112, 114 can be provided with a plurality of tactile sensors.
  • the indicator subsystem 150 includes a visual indicator 152, a vibratory indicator 154 or an audible indicator 156.
  • the first and second tactile sensors 142,144 allow a user to enter input while gripping the electronic device 100 (e.g., with one hand 50), by way of forces applied at locations of the first and second tactile sensors 142,144 with particular fingers, in particular sequences, etc. Such input may be referred to as "gestures”.
  • the first tactile sensor 142 is configured to transmit, to the processor 130, a first input in response to a touch performed by the user.
  • the second tactile sensor 144 is configured to transmit, to the processor 130, a second input in response to a touch performed by the user.
  • the processor 130 receives both the first input from the first tactile sensor 142 and the second input from the second tactile sensor 144 in a manner that the first and second inputs overlap in time with one another for an overlapping duration
  • the processor 130 is configured to activate the indicator subsystem 130 to generate feedback.
  • the feedback can be generated for at least part of the overlapping duration At based on the inputs received from the first and second tactile sensors 142, 144.
  • a user can perform a "pinch gesture" by applying a first force F1 (e.g., using index 52) on the first tactile sensor 142 of the first edge 1 12 while applying a second force F2 (e.g., using thumb 54) on the second tactile sensor 144 of the second edge 114.
  • This will activate the indicator subsystem 150 to generate, for at least part of the overlapping duration At, some feedback by the visual indicator 152, the vibratory indicator 154, the audible indicator 156 or any combination thereof.
  • the visual indicator 152 is a LED screen
  • the vibratory indicator 154 is an eccentric motor
  • the audible indicator 156 is a speaker.
  • the visual indicator, the vibratory indicator and the audible indicator can vary.
  • the feedback is generated during reception of a pinch gesture. In some other embodiments, the feedback is generated for a given period of time following reception of the pinch gesture.
  • generation of feedback is maintained for at least part of the overlapping duration At of the inputs received from the first and second tactile sensors 142,144.
  • the feedback can begin at the moment in time where the overlapping of the first and second inputs begins or after a given period of time (e.g., a predetermined period of time) subsequent to the moment in time where the overlapping of the first and second inputs begins.
  • the feedback can be generated for a predetermined period of time, the feedback can be generated until the pinch gesture is released, or alternately the feedback can be generated for a given period of time after the pinch gesture is released.
  • the processor 130 is in communication with the user interface 120 via one or more wired connections.
  • the processor 130 is in communication with the first and second tactile sensors 142,144 (each including one or more sensor units), the visual indicator 152, the vibratory indicator 154 and the audible indicator 156 via wired connections 132.
  • the processor 130 is in communication with the user interface 120 via a wireless connection or via a combination of wired connection(s) and wireless connection(s).
  • Fig. 2 shows a graph representing first and second inputs 202,204 as received by the processor 130 following such a pinch gesture.
  • the tactile sensors 142, 144 are touch sensors and the first or second input 202,204 are received as a presence of input (e.g., 1) or an absence of input (e.g., 0).
  • the reception of the first input 202 begins at moment in time to and ends at moment in time t2 (t2 > tO) and the reception of the second input 204 begins at moment in time t1 and ends at moment in time t3 (t3 > t2 > t1 > tO).
  • the first and second inputs 202,204 overlap in time with one another such that the processor 130 receives the first and the second inputs 202,204 for at least an overlapping duration At.
  • the processor 130 receives both the first and second inputs 202,204 from moment in time t1 until moment in time t2.
  • the portions of the first and second inputs 202,204 which overlap in time with one another are referred to as simultaneous inputs 206.
  • the moments in time where the first and second inputs 202,204 shown in Fig. 2 are received are interleaved.
  • the moments in time where the first and second inputs 202,204 are received from the first and second tactile sensors 142,144 are synchronized. In this case, for instance, reception of both inputs begins at a common moment in time t1. Reception of any other inputs can be appropriate, as long as both the first and second inputs are received for at least an overlapping duration At.
  • the processor 130 is configured to measure the overlapping duration At of the simultaneous inputs 206. In other words, from the reception of the simultaneous inputs 206, the processor 130 measures the overlapping duration At during which it continues to receive the simultaneous inputs 206. [0047] Referring now to Fig. 3, once the measured overlapping duration At reaches a given threshold duration At th , the processor 130 may stop measuring the overlapping duration At. [0048] In some instances, when the simultaneous inputs 206 are received for an overlapping duration At that is below a given threshold duration At th (At ⁇ At th ), the received inputs can be disregarded by the processor 130 (e.g., considered accidental inputs, false positives). In other words, the target function is not activated by the processor 130 in this scenario.
  • the activation of the target function by the processor 130 can be contingent upon the simultaneous inputs 206 being received for an overlapping duration At that equals or exceeds the given threshold duration At th (At > At th ).
  • the generation of feedback upon receiving the first and second inputs 202,204 for an overlapping duration At can be used in circumstances when false positives are particularly undesirable, and therefore it is more important to verify the user's intent with a pinch having an overlapping duration At equalling or exceeding the given threshold duration At th .
  • the processor 130 can activate a target function of the electronic device 100 once the overlapping duration At of the simultaneous inputs 206 reaches the given threshold duration At th .
  • the target function is a communication function (e.g., to initiate a pairing operation) of the electronic device 100.
  • Enabling device communication can, for example, include activating communication pins, activating a connection interface, activating an antenna, deactivating a firewall, activating a communication driver, providing the user with a "charging" indication and the like.
  • the function can alternately be an indication function which activates a selected one of the indicators of the indicator subsystem 150.
  • the target function is a selective activation of magnetic connectors such as the one described in International Patent Application Publication WO 2015/070 321. This application discloses a magnetic connector that can be selectively activated to allow two electronic devices to mechanically couple to each other and thereafter communicate with each other.
  • the target function can be any suitable function, e.g., deleting data, sharing data, powering off of the electronic device 100.
  • the processor 130 can activate the indicator subsystem 150 to progressively increase an amplitude of the feedback during the overlapping duration At of the simultaneous inputs 206, e.g., simultaneously to said measuring. This can provide a tactic indication to the user that progress is being made towards activation of a given target function.
  • Fig. 3 shows an example of a feedback of progressively increasing amplitude that can be generated by the indicator subsystem 150 following reception of the simultaneous inputs 206 of Fig. 2.
  • the reception of the simultaneous inputs 206 begins at moment in time t1 and ends at moment in time t2.
  • the processor 130 is configured to measure the overlapping duration At from moment in time t1 , and until the given overlapping duration threshold value At th is reached at moment in time t2. While the processor 130 measures the overlapping duration At of the simultaneous inputs 206, the processor 130 activates the indicator subsystem 150 to increase the amplitude of the feedback it generates. As it can be seen, the amplitude of the feedback is null at moment in time t1 , it increases at a given slope during the overlapping duration At and reaches a predetermined limit amplitude AO at moment in time t2.
  • the processor 130 activates the indicator subsystem 150 to maintain the feedback for at least a predetermined period of time AT subsequent to the overlapping duration At of the simultaneous inputs 206.
  • the processor 130 activates the indicator subsystem 150 to interrupt the feedback once the predetermined period of time AT has elapsed subsequently to the overlapping duration At.
  • the feedback is maintained subsequently to the overlapping duration At of the simultaneous inputs 206 until the processor 130 receives an indication of a state change, independently of whether or not the first and second inputs 202,204 are maintained, and interrupts the feedback subsequently to reception of the indication.
  • the indication of the state change indicates that the electronic device 100 is now connected to another electronic device by way of magnetic connectors or that a pairing operation of the electronic device 100 is completed.
  • Fig. 4 shows another example of feedback amplitude that can be generated by the indicator subsystem 150 following reception of the simultaneous inputs 206 of Fig. 2.
  • the simultaneous inputs 206 are received at moment in time t1 , feedback of an increasing amplitude is generated from moment in time t1 until the given overlapping duration threshold At th is reached at moment in time t2. Then, independently of whether or not the simultaneous inputs 206 are maintained, feedback is generated for an undetermined period of time subsequent to said overlapping duration At.
  • the processor 130 receives, at moment in time t3, an indication that an additional function of the electronic device 100 is activated, the processor 130 interrupts the feedback (i.e. it activates the indicator subsystem to generate a feedback of zero amplitude) upon reception of the indication.
  • the additional function may be a USB-connection capability.
  • the period of time during which the feedback is maintained can vary from one embodiment to another.
  • the increase in the amplitude of the feedback can be an increase in a brightness amplitude of the visual feedback generated by the visual indicator 152 shown in Fig. 1. Such an increase in the brightness amplitude may be limited to some portion of the visual indicator 152 (e.g., along one or more edges or in one or more corners thereof).
  • the electronic device 100 can be operated to increase the brightness of another light source (e.g., an LED indicator).
  • the increase in the amplitude of the feedback can be an increase in a vibration amplitude of the vibratory feedback generated by the vibratory indicator 154.
  • the mechanism by which the amplitude of the vibratory feedback is increased depends on the type of vibratory actuator used in the electronic device 100.
  • the vibration actuator is an eccentric rotating mass vibration motor wherein the amplitude of the vibratory feedback can be increased by increasing the speed at which the motor rotates.
  • the increase in the amplitude of the feedback can be an increase in an audible amplitude of the audible feedback generated by the audible indicator 156.
  • the electronic device 100 can be operated to generate a sound that increases in amplitude or otherwise change characteristic(s) (e.g., increasing tone or increasing beats per minute) during the overlapping duration At.
  • feedback amplitude need not increase linearly.
  • the amplitude of the feedback can increase exponentially, according to a predefined equation (e.g., quadratic), according to a predefined easing function, etc.
  • Fig. 5 shows another example of an electronic device 500.
  • Coordinate system 560 defines an x-axis and a y-axis is shown for ease of reference.
  • the electronic device 500 has housing 510 with opposite first and second edges 512,514.
  • First and second tactile sensors 542,544 are each provided along a respective one of given spans ⁇ 1. ⁇ 2 of respective first and second edges 512,514. Each given span extends from position y1 to position y4 in this exemplary electronic device.
  • the first and second edges 512,514 are curved and the first and second tactile sensors 542,544 cover the curved edges 512,514 of the housing 510.
  • a visual indicator 552 extends over a face of the electronic device 500 and also over each of the curved edges 512,514.
  • An example of such an electronic device is described in International Patent Application Publication WO 2016/065482. Other suitable electronic devices can be used.
  • feedback is generated when inputs are each received from along a respective one of intervals ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 of the given spans ⁇ 1. ⁇ 2 of the first and second tactile sensors 542,544.
  • Each interval ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 extends from position y2 to position y3 and is comprised within the given spans ⁇ 1. ⁇ 2, i.e. y4 > y3 > y2 > yl [0074]
  • feedback is generated when inputs are each received from along the intervals Ay1 ,Ay2 of the given spans ⁇ 1. ⁇ 2 of the first and second tactile sensors 542,544 and, in addition, when no input is received from outside the intervals Ay1 ,Ay2 of the given spans ⁇ 1. ⁇ 2. More specifically, when no input above a threshold is received from portions spanning between position y1 and y2, and between y3 and y4.
  • Fig. 6 shows an example of first and second simultaneous inputs 606,608 as received by a processor 530 of the electronic device 500.
  • the second simultaneous inputs 606 include the first and second inputs 202,204 described above and are received for an overlapping duration ⁇ by the processor 530.
  • the first simultaneous inputs 608, received prior to the first and second inputs 202,204, include a third input 602 received by the first tactile sensor 542 and a fourth input 604 received by the second tactile sensor 544.
  • the processor 530 activates the visual indicator 552 (or any other indicators of the electronic device 500) to generate feedback when receiving the third and fourth inputs 602,604 and, within a time delay 5t after an end 610 of the overlapping of the third and fourth inputs 602,604, receiving the first and second inputs 202,204 for an overlapping duration ⁇ .
  • Such a gesture can be referred to as a "long double pinch” as the electronic device 500 is pinched twice in quick succession, and wherein the second pinch is maintained for an overlapping duration M.
  • the overlapping duration M of the first and second inputs 202,204 is longer in time than an overlapping duration ⁇ 2 of the third and fourth inputs 602,604.
  • the first pinch of the long double pinch can last approximately 100-500 ms while the second pinch can have an overlapping duration ⁇ of at least approximately 1-2 seconds, or longer.
  • the first and second tactile sensors 542,544 are provided in the form of pressure sensors (of capacitive or resistive types).
  • the processor 530 is configured to measure the overlapping duration At when the first simultaneous inputs 606 exceed a given pressure threshold P0 (see Fig. 6). In some cases, a different pressure threshold can be used for each of the first and second inputs 202,204 of the simultaneous inputs 606.
  • Figs. 7A-B show another example of an electronic device 700, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • the electronic device 700 has a housing 710 with a user interface 720 and a processor (not shown) housed within the housing 710.
  • Fig. 7A shows the electronic device 700 upon reception of the simultaneous inputs 206 of Fig. 2, at moment in time t1
  • Fig. 7B shows the electronic device 700 with glowing edges 712,714,716,718 at moment in time t2.
  • the user interface 720 has first and second tactile sensors 742,744 extending along a respective one of two opposite first and second lateral edges 712,714 of the housing 710, and a visual indicator 752.
  • the first and second tactile sensors 742,744 can be similar to the first and second tactile sensors 542,544 shown in Fig. 5.
  • the processor can activate the visual indicator 752 to generate visual feedback.
  • the visual feedback generated can be limited to only a portion (e.g., edges) of the visual indicator 752.
  • the visual feedback is limited to the edges of the visual indicator 752. More specifically, the visual feedback can be limited to the first and second lateral edges 712,714, top edge 716 and bottom edge 718. Such visual feedback has the advantage of providing feedback to a user while not interfering with the rest of the visual indicator 752 including user interface elements, e.g., applications 756.
  • the electronic device 700 can be operated such that the edges 712,714,716,718 of the visual indicator 752 progressively increases in brightness (e.g., glowing) over time, in accordance with the graph of Fig. 4. Such an increase of brightness can create an appearance of glowing.
  • the electronic device 700 of Figs. 7A-B is configured to include magnetic connectors 780 at its first and second lateral edges 712,714.
  • Such magnetic connectors have been referred to above and are an example of which is disclosed in the International Patent Application Publication WO 2015/070,321.
  • the magnetic connectors 780 allow the electronic device 700 and another electronic device 700' (similar to the electronic device 700) to be mechanically coupled when placed side-by-side.
  • the processor of the electronic device 700 can activate a target function of activation of the magnetic connectors 780, thereby allowing the electronic devices 700,700' to mechanically couple when placed side-by-side.
  • the visual feedback of the visual indicator 752 can be maintained after the overlapping duration At of the simultaneous inputs.
  • each of the electronic devices 700,700' can provide its own visual feedback prior to a connection between the electronic devices 700,700'.
  • the electronic devices 700,700' are operated such that the visual feedback is shown on both devices 700,700'.
  • the edges 714, 716, 718, 714', 716' and 718' are shown glowing, which is indicative that the two electronic devices 700,700' are connected to one another.
  • the glowing defines a shared screen region that spans on both electronic devices 700,700'.
  • the extension of the visual feedback to another electronic device can indicate that the two electronic device 700,700' are able to communicate (e.g., via a USB connection), to complete a pairing operation, or to exchange data with one another, etc.
  • Such glowing edges can be maintained until the two electronic device 700,700' are disconnected to one another, (e.g., establishing a USB connection via magnets).
  • Fig. 9 shows an example of a vibratory indicator 954 that can be incorporated in an electronic device, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • the electronic device includes a processor that can be used to activate the vibratory indicator 954 directly.
  • the processor can be used to activate the vibratory indicator 954 indirectly via a separate processor or controller of the electronic device.
  • the vibratory indicator 954 has a housing 902, two stoppers 916L.916R delimiting two ends of a hammer path 920, a hammer path guide 914 and a coil element 912 fixedly mounted relatively to one another via the housing 902, and a magnetic hammer 918 having two opposite ends 918L.918R.
  • Each end 918L.918R of the magnetic hammer 918 having a corresponding permanent magnet 922L.922R.
  • the two permanent magnets 922L.922R have opposing polarities such that their magnetic poles form a S-N-N-S arrangement or a N-S-S-N arrangement along the magnetic hammer 918.
  • the magnetic hammer 918 is slidably engaged with the hammer path guide 914 and electromagnetically engageable by a magnetic field emitted upon activation, with power source 930, of the coil element 912 so as to be longitudinally slid between the two stoppers 916L.916R and along the hammer path 920.
  • the vibratory indicator 954 can be operated such that (1) magnetic hammer 918 moves a full span of the hammer path 920 during each cycle, namely, a "full swing”, (2) magnetic hammer 918 moves a half span of the hammer path 920 during each cycle, namely, a "half swing”, or (3) magnetic hammer 918 moves a portion of the full swing and half swing such that it moves back and forth in the hammer path 920 without striking either stopper 916L or stopper 916R.
  • the vibratory indicator 954 can be operated such that it generates feedback of progressively increasing amplitude responsive to activating the coil element 912 with a driving function imparting a back and forth vibration of increasing amplitude. Amplitude of the vibratory feedback can be increased by causing magnetic hammer 918 to move at an increased speed, or move over a longer distance (a greater portion of the hammer path 920) as time passes during the overlapping duration At.
  • Fig. 10 shows an exemplary activation function 1000 showing a driving voltage of the coil element 912 of the vibratory indicator 954 that can be used to increase the amplitude of the vibratory feedback generated by the vibratory indicator 954 of Fig. 9.
  • the amplitude of the driving voltage is progressively increased by an increment ⁇ at each cycle such that the magnetic hammer 918 is moved closer towards the stoppers 916L.916R one cycle after another.
  • the amplitude of the driving voltage is chosen so as to move the magnetic hammer 918 within a central region 924 of the hammer path 920 to prevent accidental striking of any of the stoppers 916L.916R.
  • the driving voltage has a constant frequency.
  • the magnetic hammer 918 has a middle segment 928 separating the two permanent magnets 922L.922R.
  • Each permanent magnet 922L.922R can include two or more permanent magnet units each sharing a similar polarity orientation.
  • the permanent magnet 922L can include two permanent magnet units arranged such as that the north pole of one of the two permanent magnet units be abutted on a south pole of the other one of the permanent magnet units.
  • Each permanent magnet 922L.922R can be made from a rare earth material, such as Neodymium-lron-Boron (NdFeB), Samarium-cobalt, or from iron, nickel or suitable alloys.
  • the middle segment 928 can be made from a ferromagnetic material or from any other suitable material.
  • the two stoppers 916L.916R each have a ferromagnetic portion 932 made integral thereto.
  • Each stopper can be made in whole or in part of a ferromagnetic material (e.g., iron, nickel, cobalt, alloys thereof) so as to magnetically attract the magnetic hammer 918.
  • a ferromagnetic material e.g., iron, nickel, cobalt, alloys thereof
  • each of the two stoppers 916L.916R has a non-ferromagnetic portion 934 which is made integral to the ferromagnetic portion 932.
  • only one of the two stoppers 916L.916R has such a ferromagnetic portion.
  • the magnetic hammer 918 remains in a corresponding one of two rest positions via magnetic attraction between a corresponding one of the permanent magnets 922L.922R and the ferromagnetic portion 932 of a corresponding one of the two stoppers 916L.916R.
  • the ferromagnetic portion 932 can be sized to be sufficiently large to maintain the magnetic hammer 918 at the rest position, but sufficiently small to allow the coil element 912 to induce the magnetic hammer 918 to move away from that rest position when desired.
  • the ferromagnetic portion 932 is a steel plate.
  • the non-ferromagnetic portion 934 can be made of a non-ferromagnetic material (e.g., aluminium) such that it does not attract the magnetic hammer 918.
  • the non-ferromagnetic portion 934 can be made of a material that transmits forces/vibrations imparted by the magnetic hammer 918 when striking any of the stoppers 916L.916R.
  • the stoppers 916L.916R, and more specifically their non-ferromagnetic portions 934, are fixedly mounted relatively to the housing 902 such as to mechanically couple the vibratory indicator 954 to the housing 902 of the electronic device to transmit forces/vibrations through such components.
  • the vibratory indicator 954 of Fig. 9 is operated such that the magnetic hammer 918 is moved between the two stoppers 916L.916R without striking either one.
  • the vibratory indicator 954 is operated such that the magnetic hammer 918 strikes one of the stoppers 916L.916R to generate an audible feedback (e.g., an audible click). In some embodiments, this is performed by activating the coil element 912 with a voltage input spike A s as shown in the activation function of Fig. 10.
  • Such a voltage input spike A s may increase a force of the impact between the magnetic hammer 918 and one of the stoppers 916L.916R.
  • the coil element 912 is activated with a voltage input (e.g., 2 V) for a given duration until the magnetic hammer 918 strikes one of the stoppers 916L.916R.
  • the given duration may exceed a half cycle period T/2, or alternatively a full cycle period T, of the activation function 1000 of Fig. 10. This can provide feedback to the user that the overlapping duration At of the simultaneous inputs has been held for long enough.
  • Figs. 11A-B depict a vibratory indicator 1 154, in accordance with an embodiment.
  • the vibratory indicator 1 154 has a stopper 1 116, a magnetic dampening assembly 1 160, a hammer path guide 1 114 and a coil element 1 112 fixedly mounted to one another.
  • these components are fixedly mounted to a housing 1102.
  • these components are fixedly mounted to a housing of an electronic device (e.g., electronic device 100).
  • a magnetic hammer 1 1 18 is provided inside a hammer path guide 1 114 defined between the stopper 11 16 and the magnetic dampening assembly 1160. The magnetic hammer 11 18 is slidable inside the hammer path guide 11 14 and along the hammer path 1120 upon activation of the coil element 11 12 using a power source 1130.
  • the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 dampens the movement of the magnetic hammer 1 118 under certain conditions, as detailed below.
  • the vibratory indicator 1154 is provided so that it can be selectively operated in one of: (i) a first mode in which the magnetic hammer 11 18 strikes the stopper 11 16, and thereby provides a first feedback including a vibratory feedback and an audible feedback, and (ii) a second mode in which the magnetic hammer 11 18 is moved towards the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 (without striking a stopper), and thereby providing a second feedback including only vibratory feedback.
  • the vibratory indicator 1 154 substantially corresponds to the vibratory indicator 934 of Fig. 9; however, the stopper 1 116 has been replaced by the magnetic dampening assembly 1160 described below.
  • the vibratory indicator 1 154 provides two rest positions for magnetic hammer 1 118 when coil element 11 12 is not activated.
  • the first rest position is shown in Fig. 1 1A, with the magnetic hammer 11 18 adjacent the stopper 11 16.
  • the magnetic hammer 1 118 may rest in this first rest position according to magnetic attraction between permanent magnet 1122L of the magnetic hammer 1 1 18 and a ferromagnetic portion 1132 of the stopper 11 16.
  • the second position is shown in Fig. 1 1 B, with the magnetic hammer 1 118 at a location near, but not touching the magnetic dampening assembly 1160.
  • the magnetic hammer 1 118 rests in this second position according to the effects of the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 and permanent magnet 1122R of the magnetic hammer 1 118.
  • the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 includes a first permanent magnet 1162 and a second permanent magnet 1164.
  • Each of magnets 1162 and 1 164 may be made from a rare earth material, such as Neodymium-lron-Boron (NdFeB), Samarium-cobalt, or from iron, nickel or suitable alloys.
  • the first permanent magnet 1 162 has a magnetic orientation that attracts magnet 1 122R of the magnetic hammer 1 118, while the second permanent magnet 1164 has a magnetic orientation that repels the permanent magnet 1122R of the magnetic hammer 1 118.
  • the first permanent magnet 1162 is substantially larger than the first permanent magnet 1164 such that the net effect of the magnetic fields emanating from the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 is to attract permanent magnet 1 122R and cause the magnetic hammer 11 18 to move towards the magnetic dampening assembly 1160 (when the magnetic hammer 1 118 is centrally located in the magnetic hammer path 1120 and not held at the first reset position by attraction to stopper 1 116).
  • the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 is aligned with the magnetic hammer 11 18 such that attractive and repulsive forces exerted on the magnetic hammer 11 18 are substantially parallel to the hammer path 1 120.
  • the coil element 11 12 may be activated to push the magnetic hammer 11 18 towards the magnetic dampening assembly 1160 from the second rest position (shown in Fig. 1 1 B). In this case, repulsion of the magnetic hammer 11 18 by the magnetic dampening assembly 1160 dampens the movement of the magnetic hammer 11 18.
  • the second permanent magnet 1162 may be formed of a ferromagnetic material (e.g., steel) rather than a permanent magnet.
  • a permanent magnet allows the second permanent magnet 1 162 to be smaller in size, while providing the same force of attraction to the magnetic hammer 11 18.
  • the stopper 1 116 may be made from a material that is not ferromagnetic (e.g., aluminum).
  • the vibratory indicator 1154 only has one rest position (adjacent the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160).
  • the material of stopper 11 16 may be chosen for the sound made when magnetic hammer 11 18 strikes it.
  • Operation of the vibratory indicator 1154 such that the magnetic hammer 11 18 is moved along the hammer path 1120 and towards the stopper 1 116 such as to strike it can generate a first feedback including a vibratory feedback (i.e. the strike can be felt) and an audible feedback (i.e. the strike can be heard).
  • Operation of the vibratory indicator 1154 such that the magnetic hammer 11 18 is moved along the hammer path and towards the magnetic dampening assembly 1160 such as to be dampened by it, and not strike it, can generate a second feedback including a vibratory feedback (i.e. the dampening can be felt but not heard).
  • the second feedback may be weaker than the first feedback, which may be desirable if an electronic device is in a silent mode, or for providing feedback that is less intrusive.
  • the vibratory indicator 1 154 can be operated such as to provide feedback of increasing amplitude.
  • the activation function 1000 shown in Fig. 10 and described in reference with the vibratory indicator 954 may be used to operate the vibratory indicator 1 154 as well.
  • operation of the vibratory indicator 1 154 with the activation function 1000 may end in a strike of the magnetic hammer 1 118 on the stopper 1 116 or in a dampening of the magnetic hammer 11 18 by the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160.
  • a positive polarity e.g., + 5V
  • the activation function 1000 will end in the first feedback, that can be felt and heard.
  • a negative polarity e.g., - 5V
  • the activation function 1000 will end in the second feedback, that can be felt but not heard.
  • Fig. 12 shows an exemplary activation function 1200 showing a driving voltage of the coil element 1 112 of the vibratory indicator 1154 that can be used to increase the amplitude of the vibratory feedback generated by the vibratory indicator 1 154 of Figs. 11 A-B.
  • the amplitude of the driving voltage is progressively increased by an increment AD at each cycle such that the magnetic hammer 1 118 is moved closer towards the magnetic dampening assembly 1160 one cycle after another.
  • the amplitude of the driving voltage is chosen so as to move the magnetic hammer 11 18 within a central region 1 124 of the hammer path 1120 to prevent striking of the stopper 11 16.
  • the driving voltage has a constant frequency.
  • the amplitude and/or period of the activation function may be adjusted for any of the above signals, e.g., under software control.
  • the amplitude and/or the period may be adjusted to change, respectively, the strength and/or frequency of feedback.
  • the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 provides no counter force.
  • the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 provides a counter force that increases as the distance decreases. More specifically, in some embodiments, the counter force is proportional to the inverse fourth power of the distance.
  • Fig. 13 shows another embodiment of a vibratory indicator 1354, in which the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 of Figs. 11A-B is replaced by a mechanical damper 1360.
  • the mechanical damper 1360 is a contact spring. However, it could be another type of spring (e.g., a coil spring, a leaf spring, etc.) or another type of mechanical damper or damping assembly.
  • the mechanical damper 1360 may be formed of a ferromagnetic material such that attraction between the permanent magnet 1322R of the magnetic hammer 1318 provides the second rest position.
  • the mechanical damper 1360 dampens this movement.
  • the mechanical damper 1360 may be configured to provide a counterforce approximating that shown in Fig. 1 1 B in region 2.
  • Figs. 14A-B show another embodiment of a vibratory indicator 1454 in which a magnetic hammer 1418 is mounted to a housing 1402 using flexures 1470.
  • Some example flexures are described in the literature (e.g., see http://web.mit.edu/mact/www/Blog/Flexures/Flexurelndex.html for more information regarding flexures).
  • the flexures 1470 are configured to constrain movement of the magnetic hammer 1418 in a hammer path 1420 between a stopper 1416 and a magnetic dampening assembly 1460. Providing a vibratory indicator with the flexures 1470 eliminates the need to provide a hammer path guide, such as shown at 914 in Fig. 9 and at 1 114 in Figs. 11A-B to constrain movement of the magnetic hammer 1418.
  • Fig. 14A shows the bending of the flexures 1470 when moving the magnetic hammer 1418 towards the stopper 1416.
  • a ferromagnetic portion 1432 is provided to the stopper 1416, attraction between the ferromagnetic portion 1432 and a permanent magnet 1422L of the magnetic hammer 1418 can provide a first rest position.
  • Fig. 14B shows the bending of the flexures 1470 when moving the magnetic hammer 1418 towards the magnetic dampening assembly 1460.
  • a second rest position is provided when the attraction between a permanent magnet 1422R of the magnetic hammer 1418 and a first permanent magnet 1462 of the magnetic dampening assembly 1460 equals the repelling between the permanent magnet 1422R and a second permanent magnet 1464 of the magnetic dampening assembly 1460.
  • Fig. 15 shows another embodiment of a vibratory indicator 1554 in which a magnetic hammer 1518 is mounted to a housing 1502 using spring mounts 1580.
  • the spring mounts 1580 may be configured to dampen movement of the magnetic hammer 1518 when moving in a direction away from a stopper 1516.
  • the spring mounts 1580 may be formed of leaf springs.
  • the leaf springs may be configured such that movement of the magnetic hammer 1518 causes the leaf springs to uncurl (thus causing minimal counterforce), and movement of the magnetic hammer 1518 causes the leaf springs to curl and provide a counterforce.
  • a magnetic dampening assembly such as shown at 1 160 in Figs. 1 1A-B may be omitted as dampening is provided by the spring mounts 1580.
  • Fig. 16 shows a vibratory indicator 1654 according to another embodiment.
  • the vibratory indicator 1654 has a magnetic hammer 1618 slidable along a hammer path 1620 between a stopper 1616 and a magnetic dampening assembly 1660.
  • the magnetic dampening assembly 1660 has a first permanent magnet 1662 separated from a second permanent magnet 1664 via a spacer 1653.
  • the spacer 1653 can be made from a ferromagnetic material.
  • the vibratory indicator 1654 includes a hammer path guide 1614 provided in the form of an elongated sleeve containing the magnetic hammer 1618, and the magnetic dampening assembly 1660.
  • the magnet magnetic hammer 1618 is in the second rest position, wherein an end of a permanent magnet 1622R of the magnetic hammer 1618 is approximately 2.25 mm from the second permanent magnet 1664.
  • the indicator subsystem of an electronic device can include a vibratory indicator having a coil element fixedly mounted relatively to the housing (e.g., a device interior) and a magnetic hammer being longitudinally slidable along a hammer path upon activation of the coil element.
  • the vibratory indicator can be operated such that the generation of feedback is responsive to activating the coil element with a driving function imparting a back and forth vibration of increasing amplitude.
  • FIG. 17 shows a schematic view of another example of an electronic device 1700.
  • the electronic device 1700 has a housing 1710 with a user interface 1720 and a processor 1730 housed within the housing 1710, the user interface 1720 includes a tactile sensor 1742 and a vibratory indicator 1754.
  • the processor 1730 upon receiving an input from the tactile sensor 1742, the processor 1730 is configured to generate, while the input is maintained, feedback of progressively increasing amplitude via the vibratory indicator 1754 until reaching a predefined limit AO.
  • Example of such feedback of increasing amplitude are shown in Figs. 3-4.
  • Embodiments described above with reference to electronic devices 100, 500, 700, 700' are also applicable to electronic device 1700.
  • processor is used broadly so as to encompass one or more processors and other synonyms (such as one or more computers, one or more processing units and the like).
  • computer-implemented is meant to be implementable by a processor. Accordingly, computer-implemented steps can be executed by a processor.
  • a computer can be a personal computer, a smart phone, an appliance computer, etc.
  • the various functions of the computer can be performed by hardware, by software, or by a combination of both.
  • hardware can include logic gates included as part of a silicon chip of the processor.
  • Software can be in the form of data such as computer-readable instructions stored in the memory system.
  • a processing unit, a memory controller, or a processor chip the expression "configured to” relates to the presence of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software which is operable to perform the associated functions.
  • the examples described above and illustrated are intended to be exemplary only.
  • the electronic device need not have a visual indicator (e.g., a screen).
  • the electronic device can be any electronic device with magnetic connectors as defined above (e.g., a hard drive). The scope is indicated by the appended claims.

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Abstract

There is disclosed a method of operating an electronic device having a housing with a user interface. The user interface includes tactile sensors and an indicator subsystem. The tactile sensors include a first tactile sensor on a first edge of the housing and a second tactile sensor on a second edge of the housing. The method includes receiving a first input from the first tactile sensor of the first edge and receiving a second input from the second tactile sensor of the second edge in a manner that the first input and the second input overlapping in time with one another for an overlapping duration; and generating feedback for at least part of the overlapping duration via the indicator subsystem based on the first and second inputs received from the first and second tactile sensors.

Description

ELECTRONIC DEVICE WITH TACTILE SENSORS ON OPPOSITE EDGES OF HOUSING
FIELD
[0001] The improvements generally relate to the field of electronic devices and more particularly to electronic devices having indicators such as visual indicators, audible indicators, vibratory indicators or any combination thereof.
BACKGROUND
[0002] An electronic device generally has a user interfaces including sensors (e.g., buttons) to receive user inputs. In some circumstances, these sensors can receive accidental inputs (e.g., pocket dials) that can cause the electronic device to perform an undesired function.
[0003] There remains room for improvement. SUMMARY
[0004] Indicators are used in electronic devices to provide feedback. For instance, visual indicators can provide a visual feedback, audible indicators can provide an audible feedback and vibratory indicators can provide a tactile feedback (e.g., a vibratory feedback).
[0005] This disclosure relates to the generation of feedback upon reception of one or more inputs for an overlapping duration of time via a user interface of the electronic device. Such feedback can help a user to confirm that the one or more inputs have in fact been received by the electronic device, which may reduce the amount of accidental inputs and which may provide an enhanced feeling of unity with the electronic device.
[0006] In accordance with one aspect, there is provided a computer-implemented method of operating an electronic device having a housing with a user interface, the user interface including tactile sensors and an indicator subsystem, the tactile sensors including a first tactile sensor on a first one of two opposite edges of the housing and a second tactile sensor on a second one of the two opposite edges of the housing, the method comprising: receiving a first input from the first tactile sensor of the first edge and receiving a second input from the second tactile sensor of the second edge in a manner that the first input and the second input overlap in time with one another for an overlapping duration; and generating feedback for at least part of the overlapping duration via the indicator subsystem based on the first and second inputs received from the first and second tactile sensors. [0007] In accordance with another aspect, there is provided an electronic device comprising: a housing; a user interface mounted to the housing, the user interface including tactile sensors and an indicator subsystem, the tactile sensors including a first tactile sensor on a first one of two opposite edges of the housing and a second tactile sensor on a second one of the two opposite edges of the housing; a processor housed within the housing and in communication with the user interface, the processor being configured to execute steps of receiving a first input from the first tactile sensor of the first edge and receiving a second input from the second tactile sensor of the second edge in a manner that the first input and the second input overlap in time with one another for an overlapping duration; and generating feedback for at least part of the overlapping duration via the indicator subsystem based on the first and second inputs received from the first and second tactile sensors.
[0008] In accordance with another aspect, there is provided a computer-implemented method of operating an electronic device having a housing with a user interface, the user interface including a tactile sensor and a vibratory indicator, the method comprising: receiving an input from said tactile sensor; and while said input is maintained, generating feedback of progressively increasing amplitude via the vibratory indicator until the amplitude of the feedback reaches a predefined limit.
[0009] In accordance with another aspect, there is provided an electronic device comprising: a housing; a user interface mounted to the housing, the user interface including a tactile sensor and a vibratory indicator; and a processor housed within the housing and in communication with the user interface, the processor being configured to execute steps of receiving an input from said tactile sensor; and while said input is maintained, generating feedback of progressively increasing amplitude via the vibratory indicator until the amplitude of the feedback reaches a predefined limit. [0010] Many further features and combinations thereof concerning the present improvements will appear to those skilled in the art following a reading of the instant disclosure.
DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0011] In the figures,
[0012] Fig. 1 is a top plan view of an electronic device shown held by a user performing a pinch gesture, in accordance with an embodiment;
[0013] Fig. 2 is a graph showing the reception of first and second inputs as a function of time; [0014] Fig. 3 is a graph showing a first example of a feedback of progressively increasing amplitude;
[0015] Fig. 4 is a graph showing a second example of a feedback of progressively increasing amplitude;
[0016] Fig. 5 is a top plan view of another example of an electronic device with a user interface having tactile sensors extending along a given span of two opposite edges of the electronic device;
[0017] Fig. 6 is a graph showing input pressure amplitude of first or second inputs received from the tactile sensors of the electronic device of Fig. 5;
[0018] Fig. 7 A is a top plan view of another example of an electronic device with a user interface having tactile sensors and a visual indicator;
[0019] Fig. 7B is a top plan view of the electronic device of Fig. 7A, showing the visual indicator generating visual feedback along its edges;
[0020] Fig. 8 is a top plan view of two electronic devices positioned side-by-side and connected to one another via magnetic connectors, each electronic device including a user interface having a visual indicator generating visual feedback along some of their edges; [0021] Fig. 9 is a top plan view of an example of a vibratory indicator with two stoppers;
[0022] Fig. 10 is a graph showing an example of an activation function to activate the vibratory indicator of Fig. 9 to generate a feedback of progressively increasing amplitude;
[0023] Fig. 1 1A is a sectional view of another example of a vibratory indicator with a magnetic dampening assembly, showing a magnetic hammer at a first rest position near a stopper;
[0024] Fig. 1 1 B is a sectional view of the vibratory indicator of Fig. 1 1A showing the magnetic hammer at a second rest position near the magnetic dampening assembly;
[0025] Fig. 12 is a graph showing an example of an activation function to activate the vibratory indicator of Fig. 11A and Fig. 1 1 B, in accordance with another embodiment;
[0026] Fig. 13 is a sectional view of another example of a vibratory indicator with a mechanical damper, showing a magnetic hammer at a second rest position near the mechanical damper;
[0027] Fig. 14A is a sectional view of another example of a vibratory indicator with flexures, showing a magnetic hammer at a first rest position;
[0028] Fig. 14B is a sectional view of the vibratory indicator of Fig. 14A, showing the magnetic hammer at a second rest position;
[0029] Fig. 15 is a sectional view of another example of a vibratory indicator with spring mounts; [0030] Fig. 16 is a sectional view of another example of a vibratory indicator with a spacer; and
[0031] Fig. 17 is a top plan view of another example of an electronic device with a user interface having a tactile sensor and a vibratory indicator, in accordance with an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] Fig. 1 shows an example of an electronic device 100 having a housing 110 with a user interface 120 and a processor 130 housed within the housing 110.
[0033] Broadly described, the user interface 120 has at least two tactile sensors such as touch sensors or pressure sensors and an indicator subsystem 150. The tactile sensors includes a first tactile sensor 142 on a first one of two opposite edges 1 12, 114 of the housing 1 10 and a second tactile sensor 144 on a second one of the two opposite edges 112, 114 of the housing 1 10. Each of the first and second edges 112, 114 can be provided with a plurality of tactile sensors. In this example, the indicator subsystem 150 includes a visual indicator 152, a vibratory indicator 154 or an audible indicator 156.
[0034] The first and second tactile sensors 142,144 allow a user to enter input while gripping the electronic device 100 (e.g., with one hand 50), by way of forces applied at locations of the first and second tactile sensors 142,144 with particular fingers, in particular sequences, etc. Such input may be referred to as "gestures". [0035] More specifically, the first tactile sensor 142 is configured to transmit, to the processor 130, a first input in response to a touch performed by the user. The second tactile sensor 144 is configured to transmit, to the processor 130, a second input in response to a touch performed by the user.
[0036] When the processor 130 receives both the first input from the first tactile sensor 142 and the second input from the second tactile sensor 144 in a manner that the first and second inputs overlap in time with one another for an overlapping duration At, the processor 130 is configured to activate the indicator subsystem 130 to generate feedback.
[0037] The feedback can be generated for at least part of the overlapping duration At based on the inputs received from the first and second tactile sensors 142, 144. [0038] For instance, a user can perform a "pinch gesture" by applying a first force F1 (e.g., using index 52) on the first tactile sensor 142 of the first edge 1 12 while applying a second force F2 (e.g., using thumb 54) on the second tactile sensor 144 of the second edge 114. [0039] This will activate the indicator subsystem 150 to generate, for at least part of the overlapping duration At, some feedback by the visual indicator 152, the vibratory indicator 154, the audible indicator 156 or any combination thereof. For instance, in this embodiment, the visual indicator 152 is a LED screen, the vibratory indicator 154 is an eccentric motor and the audible indicator 156 is a speaker. However, it will be understood that in some other embodiments, the visual indicator, the vibratory indicator and the audible indicator can vary.
[0040] In some embodiments, the feedback is generated during reception of a pinch gesture. In some other embodiments, the feedback is generated for a given period of time following reception of the pinch gesture.
[0041] In any case, generation of feedback is maintained for at least part of the overlapping duration At of the inputs received from the first and second tactile sensors 142,144. The feedback can begin at the moment in time where the overlapping of the first and second inputs begins or after a given period of time (e.g., a predetermined period of time) subsequent to the moment in time where the overlapping of the first and second inputs begins. For instance, the feedback can be generated for a predetermined period of time, the feedback can be generated until the pinch gesture is released, or alternately the feedback can be generated for a given period of time after the pinch gesture is released. [0042] As it will be understood, the processor 130 is in communication with the user interface 120 via one or more wired connections. More specifically, the processor 130 is in communication with the first and second tactile sensors 142,144 (each including one or more sensor units), the visual indicator 152, the vibratory indicator 154 and the audible indicator 156 via wired connections 132. In alternate embodiments, the processor 130 is in communication with the user interface 120 via a wireless connection or via a combination of wired connection(s) and wireless connection(s).
[0043] For instance, Fig. 2 shows a graph representing first and second inputs 202,204 as received by the processor 130 following such a pinch gesture. In this example, the tactile sensors 142, 144 are touch sensors and the first or second input 202,204 are received as a presence of input (e.g., 1) or an absence of input (e.g., 0).
[0044] As shown, the reception of the first input 202 begins at moment in time to and ends at moment in time t2 (t2 > tO) and the reception of the second input 204 begins at moment in time t1 and ends at moment in time t3 (t3 > t2 > t1 > tO). In this way, the first and second inputs 202,204 overlap in time with one another such that the processor 130 receives the first and the second inputs 202,204 for at least an overlapping duration At. For instance, the processor 130 receives both the first and second inputs 202,204 from moment in time t1 until moment in time t2. For ease of reading, the portions of the first and second inputs 202,204 which overlap in time with one another are referred to as simultaneous inputs 206. In this example, the overlapping duration At of the first and second inputs 202,204 lasts is defined as the difference between the later moment in time t2 and the prior moment in time t1 , i.e. At = t2 - t1.
[0045] As it can be understood, the moments in time where the first and second inputs 202,204 shown in Fig. 2 are received are interleaved. In some other embodiments, the moments in time where the first and second inputs 202,204 are received from the first and second tactile sensors 142,144 are synchronized. In this case, for instance, reception of both inputs begins at a common moment in time t1. Reception of any other inputs can be appropriate, as long as both the first and second inputs are received for at least an overlapping duration At.
[0046] In some embodiments, the processor 130 is configured to measure the overlapping duration At of the simultaneous inputs 206. In other words, from the reception of the simultaneous inputs 206, the processor 130 measures the overlapping duration At during which it continues to receive the simultaneous inputs 206. [0047] Referring now to Fig. 3, once the measured overlapping duration At reaches a given threshold duration Atth, the processor 130 may stop measuring the overlapping duration At. [0048] In some instances, when the simultaneous inputs 206 are received for an overlapping duration At that is below a given threshold duration Atth (At < Atth), the received inputs can be disregarded by the processor 130 (e.g., considered accidental inputs, false positives). In other words, the target function is not activated by the processor 130 in this scenario.
[0049] The activation of the target function by the processor 130 can be contingent upon the simultaneous inputs 206 being received for an overlapping duration At that equals or exceeds the given threshold duration Atth (At > Atth).
[0050] As such, the generation of feedback upon receiving the first and second inputs 202,204 for an overlapping duration At can be used in circumstances when false positives are particularly undesirable, and therefore it is more important to verify the user's intent with a pinch having an overlapping duration At equalling or exceeding the given threshold duration Atth.
[0051] For instance, the processor 130 can activate a target function of the electronic device 100 once the overlapping duration At of the simultaneous inputs 206 reaches the given threshold duration Atth.
[0052] In some embodiments, the target function is a communication function (e.g., to initiate a pairing operation) of the electronic device 100. Enabling device communication can, for example, include activating communication pins, activating a connection interface, activating an antenna, deactivating a firewall, activating a communication driver, providing the user with a "charging" indication and the like. The function can alternately be an indication function which activates a selected one of the indicators of the indicator subsystem 150.
[0053] In some other embodiments, the target function is a selective activation of magnetic connectors such as the one described in International Patent Application Publication WO 2015/070 321. This application discloses a magnetic connector that can be selectively activated to allow two electronic devices to mechanically couple to each other and thereafter communicate with each other. [0054] In alternate embodiments, the target function can be any suitable function, e.g., deleting data, sharing data, powering off of the electronic device 100.
[0055] In alternate embodiments, the processor 130 can activate the indicator subsystem 150 to progressively increase an amplitude of the feedback during the overlapping duration At of the simultaneous inputs 206, e.g., simultaneously to said measuring. This can provide a tactic indication to the user that progress is being made towards activation of a given target function.
[0056] More specifically, Fig. 3 shows an example of a feedback of progressively increasing amplitude that can be generated by the indicator subsystem 150 following reception of the simultaneous inputs 206 of Fig. 2. As can be understood, the reception of the simultaneous inputs 206 begins at moment in time t1 and ends at moment in time t2.
[0057] The processor 130 is configured to measure the overlapping duration At from moment in time t1 , and until the given overlapping duration threshold value Atth is reached at moment in time t2. While the processor 130 measures the overlapping duration At of the simultaneous inputs 206, the processor 130 activates the indicator subsystem 150 to increase the amplitude of the feedback it generates. As it can be seen, the amplitude of the feedback is null at moment in time t1 , it increases at a given slope during the overlapping duration At and reaches a predetermined limit amplitude AO at moment in time t2.
[0058] In some embodiments, the processor 130 activates the indicator subsystem 150 to maintain the feedback for at least a predetermined period of time AT subsequent to the overlapping duration At of the simultaneous inputs 206.
[0059] As shown in the example of Fig. 3, the processor 130 activates the indicator subsystem 150 to interrupt the feedback once the predetermined period of time AT has elapsed subsequently to the overlapping duration At. [0060] In some other embodiments, the feedback is maintained subsequently to the overlapping duration At of the simultaneous inputs 206 until the processor 130 receives an indication of a state change, independently of whether or not the first and second inputs 202,204 are maintained, and interrupts the feedback subsequently to reception of the indication.
[0061] For instance, the indication of the state change indicates that the electronic device 100 is now connected to another electronic device by way of magnetic connectors or that a pairing operation of the electronic device 100 is completed.
[0062] Fig. 4 shows another example of feedback amplitude that can be generated by the indicator subsystem 150 following reception of the simultaneous inputs 206 of Fig. 2. For instance, in this case, the simultaneous inputs 206 are received at moment in time t1 , feedback of an increasing amplitude is generated from moment in time t1 until the given overlapping duration threshold Atth is reached at moment in time t2. Then, independently of whether or not the simultaneous inputs 206 are maintained, feedback is generated for an undetermined period of time subsequent to said overlapping duration At. When the processor 130 receives, at moment in time t3, an indication that an additional function of the electronic device 100 is activated, the processor 130 interrupts the feedback (i.e. it activates the indicator subsystem to generate a feedback of zero amplitude) upon reception of the indication. For instance, the additional function may be a USB-connection capability.
[0063] As it will be understood, the period of time during which the feedback is maintained can vary from one embodiment to another.
[0064] It will be understood that the increase in the amplitude of the feedback can be an increase in a brightness amplitude of the visual feedback generated by the visual indicator 152 shown in Fig. 1. Such an increase in the brightness amplitude may be limited to some portion of the visual indicator 152 (e.g., along one or more edges or in one or more corners thereof). In another example, the electronic device 100 can be operated to increase the brightness of another light source (e.g., an LED indicator). [0065] The increase in the amplitude of the feedback can be an increase in a vibration amplitude of the vibratory feedback generated by the vibratory indicator 154. The mechanism by which the amplitude of the vibratory feedback is increased depends on the type of vibratory actuator used in the electronic device 100. In one example, the vibration actuator is an eccentric rotating mass vibration motor wherein the amplitude of the vibratory feedback can be increased by increasing the speed at which the motor rotates.
[0066] The increase in the amplitude of the feedback can be an increase in an audible amplitude of the audible feedback generated by the audible indicator 156. In another example, during the overlapping duration At, the electronic device 100 can be operated to generate a sound that increases in amplitude or otherwise change characteristic(s) (e.g., increasing tone or increasing beats per minute) during the overlapping duration At.
[0067] Detailed examples of visual, vibratory and audible feedbacks are described in full herebelow. [0068] It is noted that the increase in the amplitude of the feedback is meant to encompass embodiments where the magnitude of the feedback is increased and/or where the frequency of the feedback is increased.
[0069] Furthermore, feedback amplitude need not increase linearly. For example, the amplitude of the feedback can increase exponentially, according to a predefined equation (e.g., quadratic), according to a predefined easing function, etc.
[0070] Fig. 5 shows another example of an electronic device 500. Coordinate system 560 defines an x-axis and a y-axis is shown for ease of reference. As depicted, the electronic device 500 has housing 510 with opposite first and second edges 512,514.
[0071] First and second tactile sensors 542,544 are each provided along a respective one of given spans ΔΥ1.ΔΥ2 of respective first and second edges 512,514. Each given span extends from position y1 to position y4 in this exemplary electronic device.
[0072] In this particular embodiment, the first and second edges 512,514 are curved and the first and second tactile sensors 542,544 cover the curved edges 512,514 of the housing 510. A visual indicator 552 extends over a face of the electronic device 500 and also over each of the curved edges 512,514. An example of such an electronic device is described in International Patent Application Publication WO 2016/065482. Other suitable electronic devices can be used. [0073] In some embodiments, feedback is generated when inputs are each received from along a respective one of intervals Δν1 ,Δν2 of the given spans ΔΥ1.ΔΥ2 of the first and second tactile sensors 542,544. Each interval Δν1 ,Δν2 extends from position y2 to position y3 and is comprised within the given spans ΔΥ1.ΔΥ2, i.e. y4 > y3 > y2 > yl [0074] In some other embodiments, feedback is generated when inputs are each received from along the intervals Ay1 ,Ay2 of the given spans ΔΥ1.ΔΥ2 of the first and second tactile sensors 542,544 and, in addition, when no input is received from outside the intervals Ay1 ,Ay2 of the given spans ΔΥ1.ΔΥ2. More specifically, when no input above a threshold is received from portions spanning between position y1 and y2, and between y3 and y4.
[0075] Fig. 6 shows an example of first and second simultaneous inputs 606,608 as received by a processor 530 of the electronic device 500. As it will be understood, the second simultaneous inputs 606 include the first and second inputs 202,204 described above and are received for an overlapping duration Δί by the processor 530. The first simultaneous inputs 608, received prior to the first and second inputs 202,204, include a third input 602 received by the first tactile sensor 542 and a fourth input 604 received by the second tactile sensor 544.
[0076] In this example, the processor 530 activates the visual indicator 552 (or any other indicators of the electronic device 500) to generate feedback when receiving the third and fourth inputs 602,604 and, within a time delay 5t after an end 610 of the overlapping of the third and fourth inputs 602,604, receiving the first and second inputs 202,204 for an overlapping duration Δί.
[0077] Such a gesture can be referred to as a "long double pinch" as the electronic device 500 is pinched twice in quick succession, and wherein the second pinch is maintained for an overlapping duration M. As depicted, the overlapping duration M of the first and second inputs 202,204 is longer in time than an overlapping duration Δί2 of the third and fourth inputs 602,604. For instance, the first pinch of the long double pinch can last approximately 100-500 ms while the second pinch can have an overlapping duration Δί of at least approximately 1-2 seconds, or longer. [0078] In the illustrated embodiment, the first and second tactile sensors 542,544 are provided in the form of pressure sensors (of capacitive or resistive types). As depicted, the processor 530 is configured to measure the overlapping duration At when the first simultaneous inputs 606 exceed a given pressure threshold P0 (see Fig. 6). In some cases, a different pressure threshold can be used for each of the first and second inputs 202,204 of the simultaneous inputs 606.
[0079] Visual Feedback Example
[0080] Figs. 7A-B show another example of an electronic device 700, in accordance with an embodiment. As depicted, the electronic device 700 has a housing 710 with a user interface 720 and a processor (not shown) housed within the housing 710.
[0081] Briefly described, Fig. 7A shows the electronic device 700 upon reception of the simultaneous inputs 206 of Fig. 2, at moment in time t1 , whereas Fig. 7B shows the electronic device 700 with glowing edges 712,714,716,718 at moment in time t2.
[0082] More specifically, the user interface 720 has first and second tactile sensors 742,744 extending along a respective one of two opposite first and second lateral edges 712,714 of the housing 710, and a visual indicator 752. In this example, the first and second tactile sensors 742,744 can be similar to the first and second tactile sensors 542,544 shown in Fig. 5.
[0083] In this example, upon reception of inputs overlapping in time for an overlapping duration At from the first and second tactile sensors 742,744, the processor can activate the visual indicator 752 to generate visual feedback. The visual feedback generated can be limited to only a portion (e.g., edges) of the visual indicator 752.
[0084] As illustrated in Fig. 7B, the visual feedback is limited to the edges of the visual indicator 752. More specifically, the visual feedback can be limited to the first and second lateral edges 712,714, top edge 716 and bottom edge 718. Such visual feedback has the advantage of providing feedback to a user while not interfering with the rest of the visual indicator 752 including user interface elements, e.g., applications 756. [0085] In some embodiments, the electronic device 700 can be operated such that the edges 712,714,716,718 of the visual indicator 752 progressively increases in brightness (e.g., glowing) over time, in accordance with the graph of Fig. 4. Such an increase of brightness can create an appearance of glowing. [0086] Magnetic Connection Example
[0087] In one embodiment, the electronic device 700 of Figs. 7A-B is configured to include magnetic connectors 780 at its first and second lateral edges 712,714. Such magnetic connectors have been referred to above and are an example of which is disclosed in the International Patent Application Publication WO 2015/070,321. [0088] As shown in Fig. 8, the magnetic connectors 780 allow the electronic device 700 and another electronic device 700' (similar to the electronic device 700) to be mechanically coupled when placed side-by-side.
[0089] In this example, when the electronic device 700 receives the simultaneous inputs 206 of Fig. 2 from the first and second tactile sensors 742,744, the processor of the electronic device 700 can activate a target function of activation of the magnetic connectors 780, thereby allowing the electronic devices 700,700' to mechanically couple when placed side-by-side.
[0090] As shown in Fig. 8, the visual feedback of the visual indicator 752 (e.g., glowing edges) can be maintained after the overlapping duration At of the simultaneous inputs. [0091] In some embodiments, prior to a connection between the electronic devices 700,700', each of the electronic devices 700,700' can provide its own visual feedback. However, when the electronic devices 700,700' are connected to one another via magnetic connectors 780, the electronic devices 700,700' are operated such that the visual feedback is shown on both devices 700,700'. In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 8, the edges 714, 716, 718, 714', 716' and 718' are shown glowing, which is indicative that the two electronic devices 700,700' are connected to one another. In some embodiments, the glowing defines a shared screen region that spans on both electronic devices 700,700'. [0092] The extension of the visual feedback to another electronic device can indicate that the two electronic device 700,700' are able to communicate (e.g., via a USB connection), to complete a pairing operation, or to exchange data with one another, etc. Such glowing edges can be maintained until the two electronic device 700,700' are disconnected to one another, (e.g., establishing a USB connection via magnets).
[0093] Vibratory Feedback Example 1
[0094] Fig. 9 shows an example of a vibratory indicator 954 that can be incorporated in an electronic device, in accordance with an embodiment. The electronic device includes a processor that can be used to activate the vibratory indicator 954 directly. In some embodiments, the processor can be used to activate the vibratory indicator 954 indirectly via a separate processor or controller of the electronic device.
[0095] As depicted, the vibratory indicator 954 has a housing 902, two stoppers 916L.916R delimiting two ends of a hammer path 920, a hammer path guide 914 and a coil element 912 fixedly mounted relatively to one another via the housing 902, and a magnetic hammer 918 having two opposite ends 918L.918R. Each end 918L.918R of the magnetic hammer 918 having a corresponding permanent magnet 922L.922R. The two permanent magnets 922L.922R have opposing polarities such that their magnetic poles form a S-N-N-S arrangement or a N-S-S-N arrangement along the magnetic hammer 918. The magnetic hammer 918 is slidably engaged with the hammer path guide 914 and electromagnetically engageable by a magnetic field emitted upon activation, with power source 930, of the coil element 912 so as to be longitudinally slid between the two stoppers 916L.916R and along the hammer path 920.
[0096] During the overlapping duration At, the vibratory indicator 954 can be operated such that (1) magnetic hammer 918 moves a full span of the hammer path 920 during each cycle, namely, a "full swing", (2) magnetic hammer 918 moves a half span of the hammer path 920 during each cycle, namely, a "half swing", or (3) magnetic hammer 918 moves a portion of the full swing and half swing such that it moves back and forth in the hammer path 920 without striking either stopper 916L or stopper 916R. [0097] The vibratory indicator 954 can be operated such that it generates feedback of progressively increasing amplitude responsive to activating the coil element 912 with a driving function imparting a back and forth vibration of increasing amplitude. Amplitude of the vibratory feedback can be increased by causing magnetic hammer 918 to move at an increased speed, or move over a longer distance (a greater portion of the hammer path 920) as time passes during the overlapping duration At.
[0098] For instance, Fig. 10 shows an exemplary activation function 1000 showing a driving voltage of the coil element 912 of the vibratory indicator 954 that can be used to increase the amplitude of the vibratory feedback generated by the vibratory indicator 954 of Fig. 9. In this example, the amplitude of the driving voltage is progressively increased by an increment ΔΑ at each cycle such that the magnetic hammer 918 is moved closer towards the stoppers 916L.916R one cycle after another. The amplitude of the driving voltage is chosen so as to move the magnetic hammer 918 within a central region 924 of the hammer path 920 to prevent accidental striking of any of the stoppers 916L.916R. As shown in this example, the driving voltage has a constant frequency.
[0099] In some embodiments, the magnetic hammer 918 has a middle segment 928 separating the two permanent magnets 922L.922R. Each permanent magnet 922L.922R can include two or more permanent magnet units each sharing a similar polarity orientation. For instance, the permanent magnet 922L can include two permanent magnet units arranged such as that the north pole of one of the two permanent magnet units be abutted on a south pole of the other one of the permanent magnet units. Each permanent magnet 922L.922R can be made from a rare earth material, such as Neodymium-lron-Boron (NdFeB), Samarium-cobalt, or from iron, nickel or suitable alloys. The middle segment 928 can be made from a ferromagnetic material or from any other suitable material. [00100] As can be seen in this example, the two stoppers 916L.916R each have a ferromagnetic portion 932 made integral thereto. Each stopper can be made in whole or in part of a ferromagnetic material (e.g., iron, nickel, cobalt, alloys thereof) so as to magnetically attract the magnetic hammer 918. In the illustrated embodiment, however, each of the two stoppers 916L.916R has a non-ferromagnetic portion 934 which is made integral to the ferromagnetic portion 932. In an alternate embodiment, only one of the two stoppers 916L.916R has such a ferromagnetic portion.
[00101] As it will be understood, when the coil element 912 is not activated, the magnetic hammer 918 remains in a corresponding one of two rest positions via magnetic attraction between a corresponding one of the permanent magnets 922L.922R and the ferromagnetic portion 932 of a corresponding one of the two stoppers 916L.916R.
[00102] The ferromagnetic portion 932 can be sized to be sufficiently large to maintain the magnetic hammer 918 at the rest position, but sufficiently small to allow the coil element 912 to induce the magnetic hammer 918 to move away from that rest position when desired. For instance, the ferromagnetic portion 932 is a steel plate.
[00103] The non-ferromagnetic portion 934 can be made of a non-ferromagnetic material (e.g., aluminium) such that it does not attract the magnetic hammer 918. The non-ferromagnetic portion 934 can be made of a material that transmits forces/vibrations imparted by the magnetic hammer 918 when striking any of the stoppers 916L.916R. The stoppers 916L.916R, and more specifically their non-ferromagnetic portions 934, are fixedly mounted relatively to the housing 902 such as to mechanically couple the vibratory indicator 954 to the housing 902 of the electronic device to transmit forces/vibrations through such components. It is noted that if a stopper were to be made out only of a ferromagnetic material, the attraction between the magnetic hammer 918 and the stopper may be too strong for the coil element 912 to dislodge the magnetic hammer from a rest position.
[00104] Audible Feedback Example
[00105] In one example, during the overlapping duration At, the vibratory indicator 954 of Fig. 9 is operated such that the magnetic hammer 918 is moved between the two stoppers 916L.916R without striking either one. However, once the given threshold duration Atth is reached, the vibratory indicator 954 is operated such that the magnetic hammer 918 strikes one of the stoppers 916L.916R to generate an audible feedback (e.g., an audible click). In some embodiments, this is performed by activating the coil element 912 with a voltage input spike As as shown in the activation function of Fig. 10. Such a voltage input spike As may increase a force of the impact between the magnetic hammer 918 and one of the stoppers 916L.916R. However, in some other embodiments, the coil element 912 is activated with a voltage input (e.g., 2 V) for a given duration until the magnetic hammer 918 strikes one of the stoppers 916L.916R. For instance, in these embodiments, the given duration may exceed a half cycle period T/2, or alternatively a full cycle period T, of the activation function 1000 of Fig. 10. This can provide feedback to the user that the overlapping duration At of the simultaneous inputs has been held for long enough.
[00106] Vibratory Feedback Example 2
[00107] Figs. 11A-B depict a vibratory indicator 1 154, in accordance with an embodiment. As depicted, the vibratory indicator 1 154 has a stopper 1 116, a magnetic dampening assembly 1 160, a hammer path guide 1 114 and a coil element 1 112 fixedly mounted to one another. In this embodiment, these components are fixedly mounted to a housing 1102. In other embodiments, these components are fixedly mounted to a housing of an electronic device (e.g., electronic device 100). [00108] A magnetic hammer 1 1 18 is provided inside a hammer path guide 1 114 defined between the stopper 11 16 and the magnetic dampening assembly 1160. The magnetic hammer 11 18 is slidable inside the hammer path guide 11 14 and along the hammer path 1120 upon activation of the coil element 11 12 using a power source 1130.
[00109] As will be understood, the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 dampens the movement of the magnetic hammer 1 118 under certain conditions, as detailed below.
[00110] Accordingly, the vibratory indicator 1154 is provided so that it can be selectively operated in one of: (i) a first mode in which the magnetic hammer 11 18 strikes the stopper 11 16, and thereby provides a first feedback including a vibratory feedback and an audible feedback, and (ii) a second mode in which the magnetic hammer 11 18 is moved towards the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 (without striking a stopper), and thereby providing a second feedback including only vibratory feedback. [0011 1] The vibratory indicator 1 154 substantially corresponds to the vibratory indicator 934 of Fig. 9; however, the stopper 1 116 has been replaced by the magnetic dampening assembly 1160 described below.
[00112] As illustrated in Fig. 11A and in Fig. 11 B, the vibratory indicator 1 154 provides two rest positions for magnetic hammer 1 118 when coil element 11 12 is not activated. The first rest position is shown in Fig. 1 1A, with the magnetic hammer 11 18 adjacent the stopper 11 16. The magnetic hammer 1 118 may rest in this first rest position according to magnetic attraction between permanent magnet 1122L of the magnetic hammer 1 1 18 and a ferromagnetic portion 1132 of the stopper 11 16. The second position is shown in Fig. 1 1 B, with the magnetic hammer 1 118 at a location near, but not touching the magnetic dampening assembly 1160. The magnetic hammer 1 118 rests in this second position according to the effects of the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 and permanent magnet 1122R of the magnetic hammer 1 118.
[00113] The magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 includes a first permanent magnet 1162 and a second permanent magnet 1164. Each of magnets 1162 and 1 164 may be made from a rare earth material, such as Neodymium-lron-Boron (NdFeB), Samarium-cobalt, or from iron, nickel or suitable alloys.
[00114] As best seen in Figs. 11A-B, the first permanent magnet 1 162 has a magnetic orientation that attracts magnet 1 122R of the magnetic hammer 1 118, while the second permanent magnet 1164 has a magnetic orientation that repels the permanent magnet 1122R of the magnetic hammer 1 118.
[00115] The first permanent magnet 1162 is substantially larger than the first permanent magnet 1164 such that the net effect of the magnetic fields emanating from the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 is to attract permanent magnet 1 122R and cause the magnetic hammer 11 18 to move towards the magnetic dampening assembly 1160 (when the magnetic hammer 1 118 is centrally located in the magnetic hammer path 1120 and not held at the first reset position by attraction to stopper 1 116). However, when the magnetic hammer 11 18 is pulled sufficiently close to the first permanent magnet 1 164, the repulsive force of the first permanent magnet 1164 exerted on the permanent magnet 1 122R of the magnetic hammer 11 18 cancels out the attractive force of the second permanent magnet 1162 exerted on the permanent magnet 1 122R of the magnetic hammer 1 118. At this equilibrium point, the magnetic hammer 1 118 is in the second rest position shown in Fig. 1 1 B.
[00116] The magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 is aligned with the magnetic hammer 11 18 such that attractive and repulsive forces exerted on the magnetic hammer 11 18 are substantially parallel to the hammer path 1 120.
[00117] During operation of the vibratory indicator 1154, as detailed below, the coil element 11 12 may be activated to push the magnetic hammer 11 18 towards the magnetic dampening assembly 1160 from the second rest position (shown in Fig. 1 1 B). In this case, repulsion of the magnetic hammer 11 18 by the magnetic dampening assembly 1160 dampens the movement of the magnetic hammer 11 18.
[00118] In some embodiments, the second permanent magnet 1162 may be formed of a ferromagnetic material (e.g., steel) rather than a permanent magnet. However, using a permanent magnet allows the second permanent magnet 1 162 to be smaller in size, while providing the same force of attraction to the magnetic hammer 11 18.
[00119] In some other embodiments, the stopper 1 116 may be made from a material that is not ferromagnetic (e.g., aluminum). In this case, the vibratory indicator 1154 only has one rest position (adjacent the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160). The material of stopper 11 16 may be chosen for the sound made when magnetic hammer 11 18 strikes it. [00120] Operation of the vibratory indicator 1154 such that the magnetic hammer 11 18 is moved along the hammer path 1120 and towards the stopper 1 116 such as to strike it can generate a first feedback including a vibratory feedback (i.e. the strike can be felt) and an audible feedback (i.e. the strike can be heard).
[00121] Operation of the vibratory indicator 1154 such that the magnetic hammer 11 18 is moved along the hammer path and towards the magnetic dampening assembly 1160 such as to be dampened by it, and not strike it, can generate a second feedback including a vibratory feedback (i.e. the dampening can be felt but not heard). [00122] As it will be understood, the second feedback may be weaker than the first feedback, which may be desirable if an electronic device is in a silent mode, or for providing feedback that is less intrusive.
[00123] The vibratory indicator 1 154 can be operated such as to provide feedback of increasing amplitude. For instance, the activation function 1000 shown in Fig. 10 and described in reference with the vibratory indicator 954 may be used to operate the vibratory indicator 1 154 as well.
[00124] However, it will be understood that operation of the vibratory indicator 1 154 with the activation function 1000 may end in a strike of the magnetic hammer 1 118 on the stopper 1 116 or in a dampening of the magnetic hammer 11 18 by the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160. Indeed, if a positive polarity (e.g., + 5V) moves the magnetic hammer 11 18 towards the stopper 11 16, the activation function 1000 will end in the first feedback, that can be felt and heard. However, if a negative polarity (e.g., - 5V) moves the magnetic hammer 11 18 towards the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160, the activation function 1000 will end in the second feedback, that can be felt but not heard.
[00125] Fig. 12 shows an exemplary activation function 1200 showing a driving voltage of the coil element 1 112 of the vibratory indicator 1154 that can be used to increase the amplitude of the vibratory feedback generated by the vibratory indicator 1 154 of Figs. 11 A-B. In this example, the amplitude of the driving voltage is progressively increased by an increment AD at each cycle such that the magnetic hammer 1 118 is moved closer towards the magnetic dampening assembly 1160 one cycle after another. In this specific embodiment, the amplitude of the driving voltage is chosen so as to move the magnetic hammer 11 18 within a central region 1 124 of the hammer path 1120 to prevent striking of the stopper 11 16. As shown in this example, the driving voltage has a constant frequency. [00126] As it will be understood, the amplitude and/or period of the activation function may be adjusted for any of the above signals, e.g., under software control. For example, the amplitude and/or the period may be adjusted to change, respectively, the strength and/or frequency of feedback. [00127] It is noted that when the coil element 1 112 is operated to move the magnetic hammer 1 118 from the second rest position towards the stopper 1 116 (in region 1 of Fig. 1 1 B), the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 provides no counter force. In contrast, when the coil element 11 12 is operated to move the magnetic hammer 11 18 from the second position toward the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 (in region 2 of Fig. 1 1 B), the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 provides a counter force that increases as the distance decreases. More specifically, in some embodiments, the counter force is proportional to the inverse fourth power of the distance.
[00128] Vibratory Feedback Example 3 [00129] Fig. 13 shows another embodiment of a vibratory indicator 1354, in which the magnetic dampening assembly 1 160 of Figs. 11A-B is replaced by a mechanical damper 1360. As shown the mechanical damper 1360 is a contact spring. However, it could be another type of spring (e.g., a coil spring, a leaf spring, etc.) or another type of mechanical damper or damping assembly. [00130] The mechanical damper 1360 may be formed of a ferromagnetic material such that attraction between the permanent magnet 1322R of the magnetic hammer 1318 provides the second rest position.
[00131] When the coil element 1312 causes the magnetic hammer 1318 to move rightward, the mechanical damper 1360 dampens this movement. The mechanical damper 1360 may be configured to provide a counterforce approximating that shown in Fig. 1 1 B in region 2.
[00132] Vibratory Feedback Example 4
[00133] Figs. 14A-B show another embodiment of a vibratory indicator 1454 in which a magnetic hammer 1418 is mounted to a housing 1402 using flexures 1470. Some example flexures are described in the literature (e.g., see http://web.mit.edu/mact/www/Blog/Flexures/Flexurelndex.html for more information regarding flexures). [00134] The flexures 1470 are configured to constrain movement of the magnetic hammer 1418 in a hammer path 1420 between a stopper 1416 and a magnetic dampening assembly 1460. Providing a vibratory indicator with the flexures 1470 eliminates the need to provide a hammer path guide, such as shown at 914 in Fig. 9 and at 1 114 in Figs. 11A-B to constrain movement of the magnetic hammer 1418.
[00135] More specifically, Fig. 14A shows the bending of the flexures 1470 when moving the magnetic hammer 1418 towards the stopper 1416. When a ferromagnetic portion 1432 is provided to the stopper 1416, attraction between the ferromagnetic portion 1432 and a permanent magnet 1422L of the magnetic hammer 1418 can provide a first rest position. [00136] Fig. 14B shows the bending of the flexures 1470 when moving the magnetic hammer 1418 towards the magnetic dampening assembly 1460. As described above, a second rest position is provided when the attraction between a permanent magnet 1422R of the magnetic hammer 1418 and a first permanent magnet 1462 of the magnetic dampening assembly 1460 equals the repelling between the permanent magnet 1422R and a second permanent magnet 1464 of the magnetic dampening assembly 1460.
[00137] Vibratory Feedback Example 4
[00138] Fig. 15 shows another embodiment of a vibratory indicator 1554 in which a magnetic hammer 1518 is mounted to a housing 1502 using spring mounts 1580. The spring mounts 1580 may be configured to dampen movement of the magnetic hammer 1518 when moving in a direction away from a stopper 1516.
[00139] As depicted, the spring mounts 1580 may be formed of leaf springs. The leaf springs may be configured such that movement of the magnetic hammer 1518 causes the leaf springs to uncurl (thus causing minimal counterforce), and movement of the magnetic hammer 1518 causes the leaf springs to curl and provide a counterforce. [00140] In this embodiment, a magnetic dampening assembly such as shown at 1 160 in Figs. 1 1A-B may be omitted as dampening is provided by the spring mounts 1580.
[00141] Vibratory Feedback Example 5 [00142] Fig. 16 shows a vibratory indicator 1654 according to another embodiment. As illustrated, the vibratory indicator 1654 has a magnetic hammer 1618 slidable along a hammer path 1620 between a stopper 1616 and a magnetic dampening assembly 1660. In this specific embodiment, the magnetic dampening assembly 1660 has a first permanent magnet 1662 separated from a second permanent magnet 1664 via a spacer 1653. The spacer 1653 can be made from a ferromagnetic material.
[00143] In this embodiment, the vibratory indicator 1654 includes a hammer path guide 1614 provided in the form of an elongated sleeve containing the magnetic hammer 1618, and the magnetic dampening assembly 1660. [00144] As depicted, the magnet magnetic hammer 1618 is in the second rest position, wherein an end of a permanent magnet 1622R of the magnetic hammer 1618 is approximately 2.25 mm from the second permanent magnet 1664.
[00145] As it will be understood from the examples of vibratory indicators described above (e.g., the vibratory indicators 954, 1 154, 1354, 1454, 1554, 1654), the indicator subsystem of an electronic device, such as electronic device 100 of Fig. 1 , can include a vibratory indicator having a coil element fixedly mounted relatively to the housing (e.g., a device interior) and a magnetic hammer being longitudinally slidable along a hammer path upon activation of the coil element. In these embodiments, the vibratory indicator can be operated such that the generation of feedback is responsive to activating the coil element with a driving function imparting a back and forth vibration of increasing amplitude. Some examples of the driving function are described herein, however, it is understood that any other suitable driving function can be used in order to progressively increase the feedback generated by the vibratory indicator. Other suitable embodiments of the vibratory indicator can be provided in view of the aforementioned examples or any combination thereof. [00146] Fig. 17 shows a schematic view of another example of an electronic device 1700. As depicted, the electronic device 1700 has a housing 1710 with a user interface 1720 and a processor 1730 housed within the housing 1710, the user interface 1720 includes a tactile sensor 1742 and a vibratory indicator 1754. [00147] In this embodiment, it is considered that upon receiving an input from the tactile sensor 1742, the processor 1730 is configured to generate, while the input is maintained, feedback of progressively increasing amplitude via the vibratory indicator 1754 until reaching a predefined limit AO. Example of such feedback of increasing amplitude are shown in Figs. 3-4. Embodiments described above with reference to electronic devices 100, 500, 700, 700' are also applicable to electronic device 1700.
[00148] As it will be understood, in this disclosure, the word "processor" is used broadly so as to encompass one or more processors and other synonyms (such as one or more computers, one or more processing units and the like). Moreover, the expression "computer-implemented" is meant to be implementable by a processor. Accordingly, computer-implemented steps can be executed by a processor.
[00149] It will be understood that the expression 'computer' as used herein is not to be interpreted in a limiting manner. It is rather used in a broad sense to generally refer to the combination of some form of one or more processing units and some form of memory system accessible by the processing unit(s). A computer can be a personal computer, a smart phone, an appliance computer, etc.
[00150] It will be understood that the various functions of the computer, or more specifically of the processing unit or of the memory controller, can be performed by hardware, by software, or by a combination of both. For example, hardware can include logic gates included as part of a silicon chip of the processor. Software can be in the form of data such as computer-readable instructions stored in the memory system. With respect to a computer, a processing unit, a memory controller, or a processor chip, the expression "configured to" relates to the presence of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software which is operable to perform the associated functions. [00151] As can be understood, the examples described above and illustrated are intended to be exemplary only. For instance, the electronic device need not have a visual indicator (e.g., a screen). The electronic device can be any electronic device with magnetic connectors as defined above (e.g., a hard drive). The scope is indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A computer-implemented method of operating an electronic device having a housing with a user interface, the user interface including tactile sensors and an indicator subsystem, the tactile sensors including a first tactile sensor on a first one of two opposite edges of the housing and a second tactile sensor on a second one of the two opposite edges of the housing, the method comprising: receiving a first input from the first tactile sensor of the first edge and receiving a second input from the second tactile sensor of the second edge in a manner that the first input and the second input overlap in time with one another for an overlapping duration; and generating feedback for at least part of the overlapping duration via the indicator subsystem based on the first and second inputs received from the first and second tactile sensors.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising measuring said overlapping duration until the overlapping duration reaches a given threshold duration.
3. The method of claim 2 further comprising increasing an amplitude of said feedback during said overlapping duration.
4. The method of claim 2 further comprising maintaining said feedback subsequently to said overlapping duration for at least a given period of time.
5. The method of claim 4 further comprising receiving an indication of a state change, and interrupting said feedback subsequently to reception of said indication.
6. The method of claim 2 further comprising activating a target function of the electronic device once the given threshold duration is reached.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein said activating a target function includes activating a communication function of the electronic device.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the first tactile sensor extends along a given span of the first edge and the second tactile sensor extends along a given span of the second edge, the method comprising performing said generating the feedback when the first input is received from along an interval of the given span of the first edge and when the second input is received from along an interval of the given span of the second edge.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein each of the first and second tactile sensors is a pressure sensor, said generating the feedback including generating the feedback when the first and the second inputs each exceed a given pressure threshold.
10. The method of claim 8 wherein said generating the feedback is performed when no input is received from outside the interval of the given span of each of the first and second edges of the housing.
11. The method of claim 1 further comprising, prior to said receiving the first input and the second input, receiving a third input from the first tactile sensor and a fourth input from the second tactile sensor, the third input and the fourth input overlapping in time with one another until an end of the overlapping of the third and second inputs, said generating including generating the feedback when the first and second inputs are received within a given time delay after the end of the overlapping of the third and fourth inputs.
12. The method of claim 1 1 wherein the overlapping duration of the first and second inputs is longer in time than an overlapping duration of the third and fourth inputs.
13. An electronic device comprising: a housing; a user interface mounted to the housing, the user interface including tactile sensors and an indicator subsystem, the tactile sensors including a first tactile sensor on a first one of two opposite edges of the housing and a second tactile sensor on a second one of the two opposite edges of the housing; a processor housed within the housing and in communication with the user interface, the processor being configured to execute steps of receiving a first input from the first tactile sensor of the first edge and receiving a second input from the second tactile sensor of the second edge in a manner that the first input and the second input overlap in time with one another for an overlapping duration; and generating feedback for at least part of the overlapping duration via the indicator subsystem based on the first and second inputs received from the first and second tactile sensors.
14. The electronic device of claim 13 wherein the indicator subsystem includes a vibratory indicator having a coil element fixedly mounted relatively to the housing and a magnetic hammer being longitudinally slidable along a hammer path upon activation of the coil element, said generating feedback including activating the coil element with a driving function imparting a back and forth vibration of increasing amplitude.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein, upon receiving an input for a given duration threshold, activating the coil element to cause the magnetic hammer to strike one of the stoppers, producing an audible feedback.
16. A computer-implemented method of operating an electronic device having a housing with a user interface, the user interface including a tactile sensor and a vibratory indicator, the method comprising: receiving an input from said tactile sensor; and while said input is maintained, generating feedback of progressively increasing amplitude via the vibratory indicator until the amplitude of the feedback reaches a predefined limit.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein the vibratory indicator has a coil element fixedly mounted relatively to the housing, and a magnetic hammer being longitudinally slidable along a hammer path upon activation of the coil element, said generating feedback including activating the coil element with a driving function imparting a back and forth vibration of increasing amplitude.
18. The method of claim 17 wherein, upon receiving an input for a given duration threshold, activating the coil element to cause the magnetic hammer to strike one of the stoppers, producing an audible feedback.
19. The method of claim 16 wherein the tactile sensor is a first tactile sensor on a first one of two opposite edges of the housing, the user interface including a second tactile sensor on a second one of the two opposite edges of the housing, said receiving including receiving a first input from the first tactile sensor of the first edge and receiving a second input from the second tactile sensor of the second edge in a manner that the first input and the second input overlap in time with one another for an overlapping duration; and said generating feedback including generating feedback of progressively increasing amplitude during said overlapping duration.
20. An electronic device comprising: a housing; a user interface mounted to the housing, the user interface including a tactile sensor and a vibratory indicator; and a processor housed within the housing and in communication with the user interface, the processor being configured to execute steps of receiving an input from said tactile sensor; and while said input is maintained, generating feedback of progressively increasing amplitude via the vibratory indicator until the amplitude of the feedback reaches a predefined limit.
21. The electronic device of claim 20 wherein the vibratory indicator has a coil element fixedly mounted relatively the housing, and a magnetic hammer being longitudinally slidable along a hammer path upon activation of the coil element, said generating feedback including activating the coil element with a driving function imparting a back and forth vibration of increasing amplitude.
22. The electronic device of claim 21 wherein, upon receiving an input for a given duration threshold, activating the coil element to cause the magnetic hammer to strike one of the stoppers, producing an audible feedback.
23. The electronic device of claim 20 wherein the tactile sensor is a first tactile sensor on a first one of two opposite edges of the housing, the user interface including a second tactile sensor on a second one of the two opposite edges of the housing, said receiving including receiving a first input from the first tactile sensor of the first edge and receiving a second input from the second tactile sensor of the second edge in a manner that the first input and the second input overlap in time with one another for an overlapping duration; and said generating feedback including generating feedback of progressively increasing amplitude during said overlapping duration.
PCT/CA2017/050558 2016-05-20 2017-05-09 Electronic device with tactile sensors on opposite edges of housing WO2017197500A1 (en)

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