WO2017187504A1 - Air conditioning device - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is an air conditioning device which is capable of effectively utilizing exhaust heat of a ventilation device, has no restrictions with regard to the number of installed indoor units, and exhibits excellent workability. This air conditioning device is provided with a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, a throttle device, and an outdoor heat exchanger are connected by ducts. The refrigerant circuit is provided with a heat exchanger for recovering exhaust heat which is provided between the outdoor heat exchanger and the throttle device, and which exchanges heat with indoor air exhaust.

Description

Air conditioner

The present invention relates to an air conditioner that utilizes exhaust heat of a ventilator.

With the increasing importance of energy saving, measures are being taken to reduce the air-conditioning load of air conditioners by making buildings airtight and heat insulating.

For the outside air load due to ventilation, which is one of the elements of the air-conditioning load, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a heat exchanger is installed on the exhaust air passage of the total heat exchanger and is supplied by the exhaust heat of the ventilation device. Ventilators that adjust the air temperature have been proposed. In addition to the air conditioner, a ventilator incorporating a total heat exchanger is provided separately from the air conditioner to reduce the outside air load itself.

For energy saving of the air conditioner, for example, as in Patent Document 2, the indoor air is exhausted to the outside after passing the outdoor heat exchanger, and the outdoor air is allowed to pass through the indoor heat exchanger. After that, an air conditioner configured to be supplied indoors has been proposed. According to the configuration of Patent Document 2, it is described that an air conditioner having a ventilation function and capable of recovering exhaust heat accompanying ventilation is described. For example, in patent document 3, the auxiliary circuit for ventilation for the purpose of adjusting the supply air temperature from a ventilator is incorporated in the refrigerant circuit of an air conditioning apparatus. This configuration is expected to save energy by collecting exhaust heat from the ventilator and to reduce the cost of the heat exchange ventilator.

JP 2006-317078 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-272784 JP-A-11-257793

While a method using a ventilator incorporating a total heat exchanger is widely adopted, since the enthalpy exchange efficiency in the total heat exchanger does not become 100%, the amount of heat that cannot be recovered by the ventilator flows out together with the exhaust. . In other words, the exhaust that flows out of the room from the ventilator is generally closer to the indoor comfortable temperature than the outdoor air temperature, and the heat quantity that is useful for the refrigeration cycle of the air conditioner is maintained. Is not effectively utilized in air conditioning equipment.

In addition, even when Patent Documents 1 to 3 are adopted, not only the reinforcement is necessary and the installation work is difficult, but also it is difficult to avoid the complicated refrigerant circuit and the enlargement of the system.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, while effectively utilizing the exhaust heat of the ventilation device, without restricting the number of indoor units installed, and having good workability. The object is to provide an air conditioner.

An air conditioner according to the present invention includes a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, a throttling device, and an outdoor heat exchanger are connected by a pipe line, and the refrigerant circuit includes the chamber An exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger is provided between the outer heat exchanger and the expansion device and exchanges heat with the exhaust of indoor air.

According to the air conditioner according to the present invention, the heat exchanger for exhaust heat recovery is connected to the refrigerant circuit, and heat exchange with the exhaust air is performed, so that energy saving can be realized. In addition, since the heat exchanger for exhaust heat recovery is connected in series with the indoor unit, the restriction on the number of indoor units installed can be eliminated, and the workability for installation can be improved.

2 is a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a ventilation device according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a refrigerant circuit block diagram at the time of providing the several indoor unit in the air conditioning apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram for explaining a change in refrigerant state during the cooling operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 3 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram for explaining a change in refrigerant state during the heating operation of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1. It is a refrigerant circuit block diagram at the time of providing a bypass circuit in the air conditioning apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram of an air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 2. FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram in an exhaust heat recovery mode according to Embodiment 2. FIG. No. 2 according to the second embodiment. It is a figure which shows the flow path of the refrigerant | coolant in 1 switching pattern. 6 is a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram in a first defrosting mode according to Embodiment 2. FIG. No. 2 according to the second embodiment. It is a figure which shows the flow path of the refrigerant | coolant in 2 switching patterns. 6 is a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram in a refrigerant leakage prevention mode according to Embodiment 2. FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram in a refrigerant leakage prevention mode according to Embodiment 2. FIG. No. 2 according to the second embodiment. 3 or No. It is a figure which shows the flow path of the refrigerant | coolant in 4 switching patterns. It is a refrigerant circuit block diagram of the 2nd defrost mode which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a refrigerant circuit block diagram of the 2nd defrost mode which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. No. 2 according to the second embodiment. It is a figure which shows the flow path of the refrigerant | coolant in 5 switching patterns. No. 2 according to the second embodiment. It is a figure which shows the flow path of the refrigerant | coolant in 6 switching patterns. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a method for selecting a switching pattern by the control device according to the second embodiment. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of a rotary flow path opening / closing valve in an air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 3. FIG. It is a schematic diagram when the 1st cylindrical valve body and 2nd cylindrical valve body which are accommodated in the valve body outer peripheral part which concerns on Embodiment 3 are seen in the axial direction, respectively. It is a schematic diagram explaining the structure around the 1st cylindrical valve body and 2nd cylindrical valve body which concern on Embodiment 3. FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state by which the 1st cylindrical valve body and 2nd cylindrical valve body which concern on Embodiment 3 were accommodated in the valve body outer peripheral part. FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram in a state where a rotary flow path opening / closing valve according to Embodiment 3 is incorporated in a refrigerant circuit. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a first cylindrical valve body and a second cylindrical valve body at a rotation angle θ according to Embodiment 3. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a first cylindrical valve body and a second cylindrical valve body at a rotation angle θ according to Embodiment 3. FIG. 6 is a part of a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram in an exhaust heat recovery mode according to Embodiment 3. FIG. It is a part of refrigerant circuit block diagram at the time of the 1st defrost mode which concerns on Embodiment 3. FIG. 6 is a part of a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram in a refrigerant leakage prevention mode according to Embodiment 3. FIG. It is a part of refrigerant circuit block diagram at the time of the 2nd defrost mode which concerns on Embodiment 3. FIG. 6 is a part of a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram in a conventional mode according to Embodiment 3. FIG.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
<Configuration of Air Conditioner 100>
1 is a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram of an air-conditioning apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the air conditioning apparatus 100 has a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor 1, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, an expansion device 5a, and an indoor heat exchanger 6a are sequentially connected by a pipe line. Among these, the compressor 1 and the outdoor side heat exchanger 3 comprise the outdoor unit 30, and the expansion apparatus 5a and the indoor side heat exchanger 6a comprise the indoor unit 60a. The flow path switching device 2 is provided in the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioning apparatus 100, and the cooling operation or the heating operation can be performed by switching the flow direction of the refrigerant to the direction of the solid line arrow or the broken line arrow. Is possible. A heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery is connected between the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the expansion device 5a, and is installed on an exhaust air passage that flows out from the room toward the outside. In the vicinity of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the indoor heat exchanger 6a, outdoor air and indoor air are blown to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the indoor heat exchanger 6a. An outdoor blower and an indoor blower are arranged. Moreover, each component of the air conditioning apparatus 100 is controlled by control means (not shown) configured by a microcomputer or the like.

<Configuration of ventilation device 10>
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the ventilation device 10 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 is disposed, for example, in an exhaust air passage of the ventilation device 10. Specifically, the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery includes a total heat exchanger 11, an exhaust fan 13, and a ventilator 10 including a total heat exchanger 11, an air supply fan 12, and an exhaust fan 13. Are arranged in an exhaust air passage 15 formed between the two. The total heat exchanger 11 provided in the ventilating device 10 is formed in a laminated structure having a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and allows outside air and indoor air to flow in directions orthogonal to each other. It is something that is introduced into the room after being replaced. In the ventilator 10, the outside air forms a supply air passage 14 by the supply air blower 12, exchanges heat with the air exhausted from the room while passing through the total heat exchanger 11, and is supplied to the room as the supply air. Inflow. Further, the exhaust air exhausted from the room forms an exhaust air passage 15 by the exhaust air blower 13, exchanges heat with the outside air while passing through the total heat exchanger 11, becomes exhaust gas, and becomes an exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger. 4 and flows out of the room.

FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram in the case where a plurality of indoor units 60a and 60b are provided in the air-conditioning apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of indoor units 60a and 60b are connected in parallel to the branched refrigerant circuit. The expansion devices 5a and 5b and the indoor heat exchangers 6a and 6b are connected in series to the indoor units 60a and 60b, respectively. When a plurality of indoor units 60 a and 60 b are connected to the air conditioner 100, the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 is a refrigerant circuit between the indoor units 60 a and 60 b and the outdoor heat exchanger 3. Of these, it is connected to a region that is not branched and is disposed on the exhaust air passage.

Subsequently, the operation of the air conditioner 100 during the cooling operation and the heating operation will be described.
<During cooling operation>
During the cooling operation, the flow direction switching device 2 switches the refrigerant flow direction to the direction indicated by the solid line arrow in FIG. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 passes through the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 and condenses, and is decompressed by the expansion device 5a to become a low-temperature and low-pressure two-phase. Then, it flows into the indoor heat exchanger 6a and evaporates by exchanging heat with the indoor air. The evaporated refrigerant is again sucked into the compressor 1 and is compressed to a high temperature and a high pressure, and the discharge cycle is repeated.

FIG. 4 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram for explaining the state change of the refrigerant during the cooling operation of the air-conditioning apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1, in which the horizontal axis indicates the specific enthalpy and the vertical axis indicates the pressure. . As shown in FIG. 4, the refrigerant that has become high temperature and high pressure in the state B performs heat exchange with the outdoor air blown by the outdoor blower while passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and then heat for heat recovery. While passing through the exchanger 4, heat exchange is performed with the exhaust of the ventilation device 10. At this time, since the exhaust is closer to the indoor comfortable temperature than the outdoor air, in the process of condensing the refrigerant, the exhaust can be radiated to the exhaust from the ventilator 10 in addition to the heat radiated to the outdoor air. As a result, the end point of the condensation stroke changes from the C state to the C ′ state and the degree of supercooling increases, so the amount of heat exchange with the room air in the evaporation stroke increases, and the cooling capacity improves. Moreover, even if the rotational speed of the outdoor fan is reduced, the cooling capacity is maintained, and the power consumed by the outdoor fan is reduced.

<During heating operation>
During the heating operation, the flow direction of the refrigerant is switched by the flow path switching device 2 to the direction indicated by the broken line arrow in FIG. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 6a, and is condensed by exchanging heat with indoor air. The condensed refrigerant is decompressed by the expansion device 5a, and sequentially flows into the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 to evaporate. The evaporated refrigerant is again sucked into the compressor 1 and compressed, and the cycle of being discharged at a high temperature and high pressure is repeated.

FIG. 5 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram for explaining a change in refrigerant state during the heating operation of the air-conditioning apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1. As shown in FIG. 5, the low-temperature refrigerant condensed in the state D first exchanges heat with the exhaust of the ventilator 10 while passing through the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery, and then the outdoor heat exchanger. Heat exchange with outdoor air is performed while passing through 3. At this time, the exhaust is closer to the indoor comfortable temperature than the outdoor air, and heat exchange between the refrigerant and the exhaust is performed in advance, and the heat exchange amount of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is reduced. That is, the refrigerant performs the refrigeration cycle A ′ → B → C → D ′ in FIG. 5. Thereby, even if it reduces the rotational speed of an outdoor air blower, heating capability is maintained and power consumption is reduced. Further, for example, when the pressure of D ′ → A ′ is increased without reducing the rotation speed of the outdoor blower, frost formation on the heat exchanger is suppressed, and continuous heating is promoted.

<During defrosting operation>
During the defrosting operation, the flow direction of the refrigerant is temporarily switched by the flow path switching device 2 in the direction indicated by the solid line arrow in FIG. 1 so that the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 3. The defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is performed. The defrosting operation is performed in order to remove ice formed by condensation of moisture contained in the air on the surface of the evaporator when the evaporator cools the air to 0 ° C. or lower. The defrosting operation is an operation for preventing the ice thickness from gradually increasing and hindering the heat exchange in the evaporator, and is generally performed during the winter heating operation.

FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram when the bypass circuit 44 is provided in the air-conditioning apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1. As shown in FIG. 6, the bypass circuit 44 that bypasses the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery is provided between the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the expansion device 5a, and the electromagnetic valve 7 is connected thereto. In the defrosting operation performed during the heating operation, if the refrigerant is circulated through the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery, the defrosting ability is reduced. However, by operating the electromagnetic valve 7, the refrigerant recovers the exhaust heat. The heat exchanger 4 is bypassed, and the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 is not circulated. The bypass circuit 44 provided with the solenoid valve 7 prevents the refrigerant from flowing through the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery, so that the effect of defrosting can be maximized.

<Effect>
In the air conditioning apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 described above, the exhaust gas and the refrigerant are separated by the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery connected between the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the expansion device 5a. Perform heat exchange. Therefore, the exhausted heat is recovered by the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4, and the burden on the outdoor unit 30 and the indoor unit 60a can be reduced. Moreover, since the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery is connected in series with the indoor unit 60a, the restriction on the number of installed indoor units 60a can be eliminated, and the installation work can be easily performed.

In the air conditioner 100 according to Embodiment 1, during the defrosting operation, the defrosting operation is performed by forming the bypass circuit 44 that bypasses the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery by operating the electromagnetic valve 7. You can maximize your ability.

In the air conditioner 100 according to Embodiment 1, the indoor heat exchangers 6a and 6b and the expansion devices 5a and 5b are connected in series to the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 so that the indoor unit 60a is connected. It is configured. Therefore, the restriction on the number of installed indoor units 60a can be eliminated, and construction for attaching the indoor units 60a is easy.

In addition, as the flow path switching device 2, a four-way valve, a two-way valve, or a three-way valve may be used alone, or a combination of a plurality of valves may be used.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram of the air-conditioning apparatus 102 according to Embodiment 2. As shown in FIG. 7, the air-conditioning apparatus 102 according to the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that an exhaust heat recovery auxiliary circuit 8 is provided between the outdoor unit 30 and the indoor unit 60a. . The exhaust heat recovery auxiliary circuit 8 is another example of the switching device of the present invention. The auxiliary circuit 8 for exhaust heat recovery causes the air conditioner 102 to perform an exhaust heat recovery mode, a first defrosting mode, a refrigerant leakage prevention mode, and a second defrosting mode. The other configuration of the air conditioner 102 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

<Configuration of auxiliary circuit 8 for exhaust heat recovery>
The exhaust heat recovery auxiliary circuit 8 is formed of the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4, a defrosting expansion device 9, and a plurality of electromagnetic valves 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, and 7f. The exhaust heat recovery auxiliary circuit 8 including the plurality of electromagnetic valves 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, and 7f is an example of the switching device of the present invention. Specifically, the electromagnetic valve 7a is disposed between the indoor heat exchanger 6a and the flow path switching device 2, and the electromagnetic valve 7f is disposed between the expansion device 5a and the outdoor heat exchanger 3. The solenoid valve b and the solenoid valve d are arranged in a circuit that connects the flow path switching device 2 side of the solenoid valve 7a and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 side of the solenoid valve 7f. The solenoid valve c and the solenoid valve e are arranged in a circuit that connects the indoor heat exchanger 6a side of the solenoid valve 7a and the expansion device 5a side of the solenoid valve 7f. And in the circuit which connects between the solenoid valve b and the solenoid valve d and between the solenoid valve c and the solenoid valve e, the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery and the expansion device 9 for defrosting are arranged. Is done. The plurality of solenoid valves 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, and 7f are controlled to be turned on and off according to the operation content of the air conditioner 102 by the control device, and change the route through which the refrigerant flows.

Table 1 shows the configuration diagram of the refrigerant circuit, the operation mode, and the effect of ON / OFF of the solenoid valves 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, and 7f in each switching pattern. .

As shown in Table 1, each of the solenoid valves 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, and 7f of the exhaust heat recovery auxiliary circuit 8 is switched between ON and OFF, that is, an open state and a closed state, The refrigerant circuit shown in FIGS. 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 is configured. In the figure, an electromagnetic valve that is ON and in an open state is shown in white, and an electromagnetic valve that is OFF and in a closed state is shown in black.

<Exhaust heat recovery mode>
FIG. 8 is a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram in the exhaust heat recovery mode according to the second embodiment. In the exhaust heat recovery mode, the electromagnetic valves 7a, 7d, and 7e are turned on, and the electromagnetic valves 7b, 7c, and 7f are turned off. Then, as shown in FIG. A refrigerant circuit having a switching pattern of 1 is configured, and an exhaust heat recovery mode is implemented in which energy is saved by recovering exhaust heat of ventilation. FIG. 9 shows No. 2 according to Embodiment 2. It is a figure which shows the flow path of the refrigerant | coolant in 1 switching pattern. As shown in FIG. In the switching pattern 1, the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 is connected in series between the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the expansion device 5 a to form a refrigerant circuit having the same configuration as the refrigerant circuit of FIG. 1. The refrigerant circulates. During the cooling operation, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 exchanges heat with outdoor air in the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and then exhausts and heats of the ventilator 10 in the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4. Exchange. As a result, the cooling heat is recovered from the exhaust without increasing the heat exchange amount of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 to improve the cooling capacity, or the heat exchange of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 while maintaining the cooling capacity. The amount can be reduced. Further, during the heating operation, the low-temperature refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 6a exchanges heat with the exhaust of the ventilator 10 in the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4, and then outdoor in the outdoor heat exchanger 3. Exchange heat with air. This reduces the heat exchange amount of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 by reducing the heat from the exhaust heat without reducing the heating capacity, or heating while maintaining the heat exchange amount of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 Capability can be improved. Therefore, as in the case described in the first embodiment, the exhaust heat from the ventilator 10 can be effectively used for the cooling operation and the heating operation in the air conditioner 102.

<First defrosting mode>
FIG. 10 is a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram of the first defrosting mode according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10, the electromagnetic valves 7b, 7c, and 7f are turned on, and the electromagnetic valves 7a, 7d, and 7e are turned off. The refrigerant circuit of 2 switching patterns is comprised, and the 1st defrost mode which promoted the defrost effect in the defrost operation is implemented. FIG. 11 shows No. 2 according to the second embodiment. It is a figure which shows the flow path of the refrigerant | coolant in 2 switching patterns. As shown in FIG. In the switching pattern 2, the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 is connected in series between the compressor 1 and the indoor heat exchanger 6 a. In this case, the flow direction of the refrigerant is switched by the flow path switching device 2 in the direction of the solid arrow, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is caused to flow into the outdoor heat exchanger 3. This is a flow direction similar to that of cooling operation holding. The refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 flows into the indoor unit 60a, and then flows into the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the exhaust of the ventilator 10 in the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4, then flows into the compressor 1, and defrosts again in the outdoor heat exchanger 3. In the defrosting operation, the refrigerant can promote the effect of the defrosting operation by utilizing the amount of heat exchanged. If the rotational speed of the indoor unit blower is reduced and the rotational speed is low enough to maintain the defrosting capability when the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery is not installed, the cold air is generated in the indoor units 60a and 60b during the defrosting operation. The unpleasant feeling given to the user by blowing out from is reduced. In the heating operation before the start of the defrosting operation, No. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 may be caused to flow into the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4. Thereby, it controls so that the defrosting operation | movement of the outdoor side heat exchanger 3 is accelerated | stimulated.

<Refrigerant leakage prevention mode>
12 and 13 are refrigerant circuit configuration diagrams in the refrigerant leakage prevention mode according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 12, the electromagnetic valves 7b and 7d are turned on, and the electromagnetic valves 7a, 7c, 7e and 7f are turned off. A refrigerant circuit having three switching patterns is configured. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the solenoid valves 7a, 7c, 7e, and 7f are turned on, the solenoid valves 7b and 7d are turned off, and no. A refrigerant circuit having four switching patterns is configured. And when the leakage of a refrigerant | coolant generate | occur | produces, the refrigerant | coolant leakage prevention mode which reduces the refrigerant | coolant leakage amount to room | chamber interior is implemented. FIG. 14 shows No. 2 according to the second embodiment. 3 or No. It is a figure which shows the flow path of the refrigerant | coolant in 4 switching patterns. As shown in FIG. 3 or No. In the switching pattern 4, the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 and the indoor heat exchanger 6 a are separated from the refrigerant circuit. Thus, when refrigerant leakage is detected, the operation of the compressor 1 is stopped and 3 or No. As the switching pattern 4, the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery and the indoor heat exchanger 6a are separated from the refrigerant circuit. Thereby, the amount of refrigerant leakage into the room is reduced.

<Second defrosting mode>
FIGS. 15 and 16 are refrigerant circuit configuration diagrams in the second defrosting mode according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 15, the solenoid valves 7a, 7c, and 7d are turned on, and the solenoid valves 7b, 7e, and 7f are turned off. A refrigerant circuit having five switching patterns is configured. Further, as shown in FIG. 16, the solenoid valves 7b, 7e, and 7f are turned on, and the solenoid valves 7a, 7c, and 7d are turned off. A refrigerant circuit having six switching patterns is configured. No. 4, no. With the refrigerant circuit having the switching pattern of 5, the second defrosting mode for reducing the cool wind feeling felt by the user during the defrosting operation is performed. FIG. 17 shows No. 2 according to Embodiment 2. It is a figure which shows the flow path of the refrigerant | coolant in 5 switching patterns. 18 shows No. 2 according to the second embodiment. It is a figure which shows the flow path of the refrigerant | coolant in 6 switching patterns. As shown in FIG. 17 and FIG. 5, no. 6, the refrigerant is allowed to flow from the compressor 1 to the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and to the defrosting expansion device 9 and the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 without going through the indoor heat exchanger 6 a. Let it flow. Thereby, the refrigerating cycle which does not go through the indoor side heat exchanger 6a is formed, and it can prevent that cool air blows off from the indoor units 60a and 60b during the defrosting operation. The defrosting expansion device 9 may be fully closed when the air conditioner 102 performs an operation other than the defrosting operation.

FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing a method for selecting a switching pattern by the control device according to the second embodiment. The switching pattern of the electromagnetic valves 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, and 7f of the auxiliary circuit 8 for exhaust heat recovery is selected by the control device. The control by the control device is performed regularly and continuously while the air conditioner 102 is operating. As shown in FIG. 19, in step S1, the control device determines whether or not there is a refrigerant leak. 3 or No. 4 switching patterns are selected. When the control device determines that there is no refrigerant leakage in step S1, the control device proceeds to step S3. In step S3, it is determined whether or not the defrosting operation is being performed. If it is determined that the defrosting operation is being performed, the process proceeds to step S4. If it is determined that the defrosting operation is not being performed, the process proceeds to step S5. Then, in step S5, the control device determines the pattern No. 2, No. 5 or No. 6 is selected, and in step S5, the pattern No. Select 1. Thereby, the path | route through which a refrigerant | coolant distribute | circulates according to the operation | movement content of the air conditioning apparatus 102 can be changed.

In the air conditioning apparatus 102 according to the second embodiment described above, the refrigerant is turned on and off by the electromagnetic valves 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, and 7f provided in the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery. The operation content can be changed by switching the flow path.

In addition, the air conditioner 102 according to the second embodiment includes the defrosting expansion device 9 connected in series with the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4. Therefore, in the defrosting operation mode, the indoor heat exchanger The defrosting operation can be performed without going through 6a and 6b.

In the air conditioner 102 according to the second embodiment, the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 is connected between the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the expansion devices 5a and 5b, and the exhaust heat is cooled. Since the exhaust heat recovery mode used for heating operation is executed, the exhaust heat can be used effectively.

Further, in the air conditioner 102 according to Embodiment 2, when refrigerant leakage is detected, the operation of the compressor 1 is stopped and the electromagnetic valves 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, and 7f are turned on. , Switch off. Then, the refrigerant leakage prevention mode is executed in which the refrigerant is circulated through the compressor 1 and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the circulation of the refrigerant to the indoor heat exchangers 6a and 6b is stopped. Thereby, the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery and the indoor heat exchanger 6a are disconnected from the refrigerant circuit, and the amount of refrigerant leakage can be reduced.

In the air conditioner 102 according to the second embodiment, the electromagnetic valves 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, and 7f are switched on and off, the compressor 1, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and the exhaust heat. The refrigerant is circulated through the recovery heat exchanger 4 and the indoor heat exchangers 6a and 6b. Thereby, the defrosting effect of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 can be promoted in the defrosting operation in which the first defrosting mode is executed.

In the air conditioner 102 according to the second embodiment, the electromagnetic valves 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, and 7f are switched on and off, the compressor 1, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and A refrigerant is circulated through the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery. Thereby, in the defrosting operation, the second defrosting mode in which the cold air is prevented from being blown out from the indoor units 60a and 60b is executed.

Further, in the air conditioning apparatus 102 according to Embodiment 2, any one of the exhaust heat recovery mode, the refrigerant leakage prevention mode, the first defrosting mode, and the second defrosting mode can be selected and executed. . Thereby, in addition to the effect of Embodiment 1, it becomes possible to suppress the amount of refrigerant leakage at the time of refrigerant leakage, or to reduce the feeling of cold air during defrosting operation.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
The air conditioner 103 according to the third embodiment includes a rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 as a switching device instead of the switching device configured by the plurality of electromagnetic valves 7a to 7f described in the second embodiment. It is different from the first and second embodiments in that it is a refrigerant circuit. In the air conditioner 103 according to the present embodiment, a rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 is disposed between the outdoor unit 30 and the indoor unit 60a. The rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 is similar to the exhaust heat recovery auxiliary circuit 8 described in the second embodiment in the air conditioner 103 in the exhaust heat recovery mode, the first defrosting mode, the refrigerant leakage prevention mode, the second It is the switching apparatus which builds the refrigerant circuit which implements defrost mode.

<Configuration of the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80>
FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 in the air-conditioning apparatus 103 according to Embodiment 3. As shown in FIG. 20, the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 includes a valve body outer peripheral portion 80a, and a first cylindrical valve body 81 and a second cylindrical valve body 82 housed inside the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a. Has been. The rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 is connected to refrigerant pipes respectively connected to the expansion device 5a, the flow path switching device 2, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and the indoor heat exchanger 6a. The rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 is also connected to a refrigerant pipe that connects the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 and a refrigerant pipe that forms a bypass circuit 84. The rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 is equipped with an electric motor such as a motor 83, and the valve body of the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 is rotated by driving the motor 83.

A plurality of connection openings 81a, 81b, 81c, 81d and connection openings 82a, 82b, 82c, 82d penetrating the valve body outer periphery 80a are formed in the valve body outer periphery 80a. The connection openings 81a to 81d and the connection openings 82a to 82d are connected to refrigerant pipes constituting a refrigerant circuit, and the refrigerant is connected to the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a via the connection openings 81a to 81d and the connection openings 82a to 82d. Flows in and out. The connection opening is an example of the second opening of the present invention.

The connection openings 81a to 81d are arranged in a line at equal intervals on the same circumference of the valve body outer periphery 80a. The connection openings 82a to 82d are arranged in a line at equal intervals on the same circumference of the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a at the positions in the axial direction of the connection openings 81a to 81d. The connection opening 81b is connected to the refrigerant pipe connected to the expansion device 5a of the indoor unit 60a, and the connection opening 81d is connected to the refrigerant pipe connected to the flow path switching device 2 of the outdoor unit 30. The connection opening 82b is connected to a refrigerant pipe connected to the indoor heat exchanger 6a of the indoor unit 60a, and the connection opening 82d is connected to a refrigerant pipe connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 of the outdoor unit 30. Yes. The connection opening 81a and the connection opening 82a are connected to a refrigerant pipe constituting a circuit to which the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 is connected. The connection opening 81c and the connection opening 82c are connected to a refrigerant pipe constituting the bypass circuit 84. A defrosting expansion device (not shown) may be connected in series with the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery to the circuit connecting the connection opening 81a and the connection opening 82a.

<Configuration of first cylindrical valve body 81 and second cylindrical valve body 82>
FIG. 21 is a schematic view when the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 housed in the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a according to the third embodiment are viewed in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 21, the 1st cylindrical valve body 81 and the 2nd cylindrical valve body 82 which are accommodated in the valve body outer peripheral part 80a have the cylindrical shape of the same circular cross section. In the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82, the refrigerant flowing through the connection openings 81 a to 81 d and the connection openings 82 a to 82 d of the valve body outer peripheral portion 80 a is connected to the outer peripheral space 801 and the outer peripheral space 802. Flows in and out through the inside. The outer peripheral space 801 is formed between the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a, and connection openings 81a to 81d are opened. The outer peripheral space 802 is formed between the second cylindrical valve body 82 and the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a, and connection openings 82a to 82d are opened. The outer peripheral surfaces of the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 and the inner surface of the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a are partitioned by a wall plate 80b projecting in the inner surface direction of the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a. In addition, an outer peripheral space 802 is formed. The wall plate 80b is slidably in contact with the inner surface of the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a. The outer peripheral space 801 and the outer peripheral space 802 are divided in the circumferential direction by a plurality of partition plates 85 protruding from the outer peripheral surfaces of the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 toward the inner surface direction of the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a. . Pipe lines 811, 812, and 813 are formed inside the first cylindrical valve body 81, and pipe lines 821, 822, and 823 are formed inside the second cylindrical valve body 82, and the pipe lines 811, Areas F other than 812 and 813 and the pipe lines 821, 822 and 823 are the region F.

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration around the first cylindrical valve element 81 and the second cylindrical valve element 82 according to the third embodiment. As shown in FIG. 22, the outer circumferential space 801 and the outer circumferential space 802 formed on the outer circumferential surfaces 810 and 820 of the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 are i = in the circumferential direction by a plurality of partition plates 85. A plurality of space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i) are formed. In the following description, the space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i) are defined as space portions 81 (1) to 81 (16) and 82 (1) to 82 (16) counterclockwise. A part of the space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i) has openings in the outer peripheral surfaces 810 and 820, and the first through the openings in the outer peripheral surfaces 810 and 820 of the space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i). The refrigerant flows into and out of the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82. Out of the space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i), the space portions 81 (10), 81 (14), 82 (10), and 82 (14) have the outer peripheral surfaces 810 and 820 closed, and the refrigerant Do not distribute. The openings on the outer peripheral surfaces 810 and 820 are an example of the first opening of the present invention.

Both ends of the pipe lines 811, 812, 813 and the pipe lines 821, 822, 823 are connected to the openings of the outer peripheral surfaces 810, 820, and the refrigerant flows through the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylinder through a predetermined path. A flow path is defined so as to flow inside the valve body 82. The pipe lines 811, 812, and 813 allow the refrigerant flowing from the space portion 81 (i) connected at one end to flow only toward the space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i) connected at the other end. The flow path is defined. Specifically, the pipe line 811 is connected to the space portion 81 (16) and the space portion 81 (4). The pipe line 812 is connected to the space part 81 (2) and the space part 81 (6). Further, the pipe line 813 is connected to the space portions 81 (7) to 81 (9) and the space portions 81 (11) to 81 (13). Similarly, at both ends of the pipes 821, 822, and 823, the refrigerant flowing from the space portion 82 (i) to which one end is connected flows only toward the space portion 82 (i) to which the other end is connected. Specifically, the pipe line 821 is connected to the space part 82 (12) and the space part 82 (16), and the pipe line 822 is connected to the space part 82 (2) and the space part 82 (6). The pipe line 823 is connected to the space portions 82 (3) to 82 (5) and the space portions 82 (7) to 82 (9). Of the space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i) connected to the pipe line 813 and the pipe line 823, the adjacent space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i) are provided with a partition plate 85 between them. It is not done.

The first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 are arranged coaxially, are joined so that the inside communicates, and are accommodated in the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a. The wall plate 80b that partitions the outer peripheral surface of the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 and the inner peripheral surface of the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a into the outer peripheral space 801 and the outer peripheral space 802 is the first cylindrical valve body. 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82. Similar to the plurality of partition plates 85, the outer peripheral end of the wall plate 80b is slidably in contact with the inner surface of the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a. Since the insides of the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 communicate with each other, in the region F other than the pipe lines 811, 812, 813 and the pipe lines 821, 822, 823, the refrigerant flow path is restricted. It is an area that can be freely distributed. The space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i) connected to the region F are connected to the region F without circulating refrigerant flowing toward the specific space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i). It can be distributed to any other space 81 (i), 82 (i). Specifically, the space portions 81 (1), 81 (3), 81 (5), 81 (15), and the space portions 82 (1), 82 (11), 82 (13), 82 (15). The outer peripheral surfaces 810 and 820 are connected to a region F where the flow path of the refrigerant is not restricted. For example, the refrigerant that has flowed from the openings of the outer peripheral surfaces 810 and 820 of the space portion 81 (1) can flow out of the space portion 82 (15).

FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 according to the third embodiment are accommodated in the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a. As shown in FIG. 23, a first cylindrical valve body 81 and a second cylindrical valve body 82 are accommodated in the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a, and refrigerant pipes are respectively connected to the connection openings 81a to 81d and the connection openings 82a to 82d. Is connected. The connection openings 81a to 81d and the connection openings 82a to 82d of the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a coincide with the space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i) of the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82. Thereby, the flow path of the refrigerant flowing into the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 is formed. When the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 rotate inside the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a, the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a and the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 are relative to each other. The positional relationship changes. By rotating the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82, the connection openings 81a to 81d and the space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i) corresponding to the connection openings 82a to 82d are changed. Then, the flow path of the refrigerant is switched.

<Distribution route of refrigerant>
The refrigerant flows in from the connection openings 81a to 81d and the connection openings 82a to 82d formed in the outer peripheral portion 80a of the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80, and is connected to the connection openings 81a to 81d and the connection openings 82a to 82d. Flows into the space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i) that coincide with each other. Then, it passes through the openings of the space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i) and flows into the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82. The refrigerant flows through the pipe lines 811, 812, 813 and the pipe lines 821, 822, 823 or the region F of the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82, and the space portions 81 (i), 82 ( It flows out from the opening of i). The refrigerant passes through any one of the connection openings 81a to 81d and the connection openings 82a to 82d of the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a that coincides with the spaces 81 (i) and 82 (i) through which the refrigerant has passed. The refrigerant pipes connected to the connection openings 82a to 82d are circulated.

<Operation of the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80>
FIG. 24 is a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram in a state where the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 according to Embodiment 3 is incorporated in the refrigerant circuit. As shown in FIG. 24, the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 includes the expansion device 5a of the indoor unit 60a, the indoor heat exchanger 6a, and the outdoor unit 30 at the connection openings 81a to 81d and the connection openings 82a to 82d. The flow path switching device 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 are connected to each other. The rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 forms a refrigerant circuit whose rotation angle is controlled by the control device in accordance with the operation content of the air conditioner 103, and the desired operation content can be realized by changing the refrigerant path. When the motor 83 of the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 is driven, the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 inside the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a have a predetermined rotation angle with respect to the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a. It rotates by n × θ.

25 and 26 are schematic diagrams showing the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 at the rotation angle θ according to the third embodiment. Note that the rotation angle θ is a clockwise rotation of the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 when the rotation angle = θ at which the connection opening 81a and the space portion 81 (16) coincide is the reference position. It is a rotation angle from the reference position when it is rotated to the position. As shown in FIGS. 25 and 26, the predetermined rotation angle n × θ is represented by an angle θ between two wall surfaces that define the space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i). That is, θ is a multiple of 360 ° / i. By rotating the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 at a predetermined rotation angle θ, the path through which the refrigerant circulates is configured with a pattern of the number of spaces. In the present embodiment, the spaces 81 (i) and 82 (i) are defined by dividing the outer periphery of the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 by i = 16 by wall surfaces. Therefore, the angle θ = 360 ° / 16 = 22.5 °, and 16 patterns of paths through which the refrigerant circulates are obtained.

The rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 rotates the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 at a predetermined rotation angle n × θ, and the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a, the first cylindrical valve body 81, and the first cylindrical valve body 81 The relative position with respect to the two cylindrical valve bodies 82 is changed. As a result, the connection openings 81a to 81d and the space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i) corresponding to the connection openings 82a to 82d are changed, and the path through which the refrigerant circulates is switched. Then, the connection openings 81a to 81d and the connection openings 82a to 82d communicate with the spaces 81 (i) and 82 (i), and the refrigerant flows.

<Operation of refrigerant>
The refrigerant that has reached the connection openings 81a to 81d of the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 passes through the opening of the space 81 (i) that coincides with the connection openings 81a to 81d from the connection openings 81a to 81d. , Flows into the second cylindrical valve element 82. The refrigerant that has reached the connection openings 82a to 82d passes through the openings in the space 82 (i) that coincide with the connection openings 82a to 82d from the connection openings 82a to 82d, and then the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82. Flow into. The refrigerant flowing in from the connection openings 81a to 81d and the connection openings 82a to 82d flows through the inside of the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a. Then, through the openings of the space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i), any of the other connection openings 81a to 81d and the connection openings 82a to 82d that coincide with the space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i) Spill from.

<Operation of Air Conditioner 103>
The air conditioner 103 performs the exhaust heat recovery mode, the first defrosting mode, the refrigerant leakage prevention mode, or the second defrosting mode, and therefore the rotation of the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 according to the content of each operation. The moving angle is controlled to switch the route through which the refrigerant circulates. The air conditioner 103 can also include a refrigerant circuit that implements the conventional mode in which the exhaust heat recovery auxiliary circuit 8 is not connected in the operation content.

Table 2 shows the correspondence between the rotation angle of the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80, the connection openings 81a to 81d, the connection openings 82a to 82d, and the spaces 81 (i) and 82 (i) corresponding to the respective connection openings. It is a table | surface which shows a relationship. In Table 2, the space portion 81 (i) = 81 (1) to 81 (16) and the space portion 82 (i) = 82 (1) to 82 (16) are shown as i = 1 to 16. Yes. When i = 0 to 9, 11 to 13, and 15 to 16, the outer peripheral surfaces 810 and 820 are open, and i = 10 and 14 are the spaces 81 (i) and 82 where the outer peripheral surfaces 810 and 820 are closed. (I).

As shown in Table 2, when the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 is rotated at a predetermined rotation angle n × θ, the connection openings 81a to 81d and the connection openings 82a to 82d are respectively corresponding to the rotation angles. The space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i) that match are switched. Then, the connection partners of the connection openings 81a to 81d and the connection openings 82a to 82d are changed, and the exhaust heat recovery mode, the first defrosting mode, the refrigerant leakage prevention mode, or the second defrosting mode is performed. A refrigerant circuit is configured. Specifically, the refrigerant circuit in the exhaust heat recovery mode is configured by setting the rotation angle to 90 ° or 270 °. By setting 0 °, 157.5 °, 180 °, or 202.5 °, the refrigerant circuit in the first defrosting mode is configured, and 112.5 °, 247.5 °, 292.5 °, or 315 °. Thus, the refrigerant circuit in the refrigerant leakage prevention mode is configured. The refrigerant circuit of the 2nd defrost mode is comprised by setting it as 45 degrees or 67.5 degrees. If the rotation angle is 22.5 ° or 337.5 °, a circuit in which the conventional exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 is not used is configured. When the rotation angle is 135 ° and 225 °, the connection openings 81d and 82d coincide with the space portion 81 (10) or the space portion 81 (14), the space portion 82 (10), or the space portion 82 (14). . In this case, the circuit does not include the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the flow path switching device 2, the refrigerant circuit is not established, and the air conditioner 103 does not function. In the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80, when n = 1 to 3 and 13 to 16, the rotation angles are 0 ° to 45 ° and 270 ° to 337.5 °, and the refrigerant circuits of all patterns are almost continuous. Therefore, there is no intervening refrigerant circuit that appears in the middle.

<Exhaust heat recovery mode>
FIG. 27 is a part of a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram in the exhaust heat recovery mode according to the third embodiment. As shown in FIG. 27, in the exhaust heat recovery mode, the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 is rotated at, for example, a rotation angle n × θ = 270 °. Here, referring to Table 2, at the rotation angle n × θ = 270 °, the connection openings 81a to 81d have the space portion 81 (12), the space portion 81 (8), the space portion 81 (4), and the space portion. 81 (16). The connection openings 82a to 82d communicate with the space 82 (12), the space 82 (8), the space 82 (4), and the space 82 (16).

In the refrigerant circuit, the connection opening 81a and the connection opening 81b, and the connection opening 81d and the connection opening 81c are connected by the first cylindrical valve body 81, and the connection opening 82a and the connection opening 82d are connected by the second cylindrical valve body 82, and The connection opening 82b and the connection opening 82c are connected. That is, the connection opening 81a and the connection opening 81b are connected by the pipe line 813 that defines the flow path from the space portion 81 (12) to the space portion 81 (8). Further, the connection opening 81d and the connection opening 81c are connected by a pipe line 811 that defines a flow path from the space portion 81 (16) to the space portion 81 (4). The connection opening 82a and the connection opening 82d are connected by a pipe line 823 that defines a flow path from the space 82 (12) to the space 82 (16), and the connection opening 82c and the connection opening 82b are connected to the space 82. It is connected by a pipe line 823 that defines a flow path from (4) to the space portion 82 (8). As a result, the flow path switching device 2, the bypass circuit 84, and the indoor heat exchanger 6a are connected, the expansion device 5a and the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 are connected, and the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 and the chamber are connected. The refrigerant circuit in the exhaust heat recovery mode is configured by connecting to the outer heat exchanger 3.

During the cooling operation, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 exchanges heat with outdoor air in the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and then exhausts and heats of the ventilator 10 in the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4. Exchange. Further, during the heating operation, the low-temperature refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 6a exchanges heat with the exhaust of the ventilator 10 in the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4, and then outdoor in the outdoor heat exchanger 3. Exchange heat with air.

In the above description, the rotation angle n × θ = 270 ° has been described, but a similar refrigerant circuit is configured even when the rotation angle n × θ = 90 °.

<First defrosting mode>
FIG. 28 is a part of a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram in the first defrosting mode according to the third embodiment. As shown in FIG. 28, in the first defrosting mode, the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 is rotated at, for example, a rotation angle n × θ = 0 °. The rotation angle n × θ = 0 ° is the rotation angle of the reference position. Here, referring to Table 2, at the rotation angle n × θ = 0 °, the connection openings 81a to 81d have the space portion 81 (16), the space portion 81 (12), the space portion 81 (8), and the space portion. 81 (4). The connection openings 82a to 82d communicate with the space portion 82 (16), the space portion 82 (12), the space portion 82 (8), and the space portion 82 (4).

In the refrigerant circuit, the connection opening 81a and the connection opening 81d, and the connection opening 81b and the connection opening 81c are connected by the first cylindrical valve body 81, and the connection opening 82a and the connection opening 82b are connected by the second cylindrical valve body 82, and The connection opening 82c and the connection opening 82d are connected. That is, the connection opening 81a and the connection opening 81d are connected by the pipe line 811 that defines the flow path from the space portion 81 (16) to the space portion 81 (4). And the connection opening 81b and the connection opening 81c are connected by the pipe line 813 which prescribes | regulates the flow path from the space part 81 (12) to the space part 81 (8). Moreover, the connection opening 82a and the connection opening 82b are connected by the pipe line 821 which prescribes | regulates the flow path from the space part 81 (16) to the space part 81 (12). The connection opening 82c and the connection opening 82d are connected to each other by a pipe line 823 that defines a flow path from the space portion 82 (8) to the space portion 82 (4). Thereby, the flow path switching device 2 and the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery are connected, and the expansion device 5a and the bypass circuit 84 are connected. Further, the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery and the indoor heat exchanger 6a are connected, and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the bypass circuit 84 are connected to constitute a refrigerant circuit in the first defrosting mode.

The refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 flows into the indoor unit 60a, and then flows into the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the exhaust of the ventilator 10 in the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4, then flows into the compressor 1, and defrosts again in the outdoor heat exchanger 3.

In the above description, the rotation angle n × θ = 0 ° has been described, but a similar refrigerant circuit is configured even when the rotation angle n × θ = 157.5 °, 180 °, or 202.5 °.

<Refrigerant leakage prevention mode>
FIG. 29 is a part of a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram in the refrigerant leakage prevention mode according to Embodiment 3. As shown in FIG. 29, in the refrigerant leakage prevention mode, the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 is rotated at, for example, a rotation angle n × θ = 315 °. Here, referring to Table 2, when the rotation angle is n × θ = 315 °, the connection openings 81a to 81d are the space portion 81 (14), the space portion 81 (10), the space portion 81 (6), and the space portion. 81 (2). Further, the connection openings 82a to 81d communicate with the space portion 82 (14), the space portion 82 (10), the space portion 82 (6), and the space portion 82 (2).

In the refrigerant circuit, the connection opening 81c and the connection opening 81d are connected by the first cylindrical valve body 81, and the connection opening 82c and the connection opening 82d are connected by the second cylindrical valve body 82. That is, the connection opening 81c and the connection opening 81d are connected by the pipe line 812 that defines the flow path from the space portion 81 (6) to the space portion 81 (2). In addition, the connection opening 82c and the connection opening 82d are connected by a pipe line 822 that defines a flow path from the space portion 82 (6) to the space portion 82 (2). On the other hand, the connection opening 81a and the connection opening 81b, and the connection opening 82a and the connection opening 82b are the closed space part 81 (14), the space part 81 (10), the space part 82 (14), and the space. The flow path is not formed in communication with the portion 82 (10). As a result, the heat exchanger 4 for exhaust heat recovery and the indoor heat exchanger 6a are disconnected from the refrigerant circuit, and the refrigerant circuit in the refrigerant leakage prevention mode is configured. When the refrigerant leakage is detected, the operation of the compressor 1 is stopped, and the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 and the indoor heat exchanger 6a are disconnected from the refrigerant circuit. In addition, this mode can also be utilized as a defrosting mode by what is called triangular operation with the operation of the compressor 1.

In the above description, the rotation angle n × θ = 315 ° has been described, but a similar refrigerant circuit is configured even when the rotation angle n × θ = 112.5 °, 247.5 °, or 292.5 °. The In this case, the refrigerant circuit in which the refrigerant circuit is closed by the outer peripheral surfaces 810 and 820 of the space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i) is not configured, and the flow path of the refrigerant is restricted by the pressure relationship. become.

<Second defrosting mode>
FIG. 30 is a part of a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram in the second defrosting mode according to the third embodiment. As shown in FIG. 30, in the second defrosting mode, the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 is rotated at, for example, a rotation angle n × θ = 45 °. Here, referring to Table 2, at the rotation angle n × θ = 45 °, the connection openings 81a to 81d are the space portion 81 (2), the space portion 81 (14), the space portion 81 (10), and the space portion. 81 (6). The connection openings 82a to 82d communicate with the space portion 82 (2), the space portion 82 (14), the space portion 82 (10), and the space portion 82 (6).

In the refrigerant circuit, the connection opening 81a and the connection opening 81d of the first cylindrical valve body 81 are connected, and the connection opening 82a and the connection opening 82d of the second cylindrical valve body 82 are connected. That is, the connection opening 81a and the connection opening 81d are connected by the pipe line 812 that defines the flow path from the space portion 81 (2) to the space portion 81 (6), and the connection opening 82a and the connection opening 82d are connected to the space portion 82. They are connected by a pipe line 822 that defines a flow path from (2) to the space 82 (6). On the other hand, the connection opening 81b and the connection opening 81c, and the connection opening 82b and the connection opening 82c are closed space part 81 (14), space part 81 (10), space part 82 (14), space part. 82 (10) communicates and no flow path is formed. Thereby, the flow path switching device 2, the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 are connected to form a refrigerant circuit in the second defrosting mode.

In the above description, the rotation angle n × θ = 45 ° has been described, but a similar refrigerant circuit is configured even when the rotation angle n × θ = 67.5 °. In this case, the refrigerant circuit in which the refrigerant circuit is closed by the outer peripheral surfaces 810 and 820 of the space portions 81 (i) and 82 (i) is not configured, and the refrigerant flow path is restricted by the pressure relationship.

<Conventional mode>
FIG. 31 is a part of a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram in the conventional mode according to the third embodiment. As shown in FIG. 31, when the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 is rotated at, for example, a rotation angle n × θ = 22.5 °, a refrigerant circuit in the conventional mode is configured. Here, referring to Table 2, when the rotation angle is n × θ = 22.5 °, the connection openings 81a to 81d have the space portion 81 (1), the space portion 81 (13), the space portion 81 (9), It communicates with the space part 81 (5). The connection openings 82a to 82d communicate with the space portion 82 (1), the space portion 82 (13), the space portion 82 (9), and the space portion 82 (5).

In the refrigerant circuit, the first cylindrical valve body 81 connects the connection opening 81b and the connection opening 81c, and the second cylindrical valve body 82 connects the connection opening 82a and the connection opening 82d. That is, the connection opening 81b and the connection opening 81c are connected by the pipe line 813 that defines the flow path from the space portion 81 (13) to the space portion 81 (9). The connection opening 82c and the connection opening 82d are connected by a pipe line 822 that defines a flow path from the space portion 82 (9) to the space portion 82 (10). On the other hand, the connection opening 81a and the connection opening 81d, and the connection opening 82a and the connection opening 82b are the space portion 81 (1), the space portion 81 (5), the space portion 82 (1), and the space portion 82 ( 13). The space portion 81 (1), the space portion 81 (5), the space portion 82 (1), and the space portion 82 (13) have flow paths inside the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82. It is connected to a region F that is not defined, and the flow path of the refrigerant is regulated by the pressure relationship. Thereby, the outdoor side heat exchanger 3, the flow path switching device 2, the expansion device 5a, and the indoor side heat exchanger 6a are connected to form a conventional refrigerant circuit.

In the above description, the rotation angle n × θ = 22.5 ° has been described, but a similar refrigerant circuit is configured even when the rotation angle n × θ = 337.5 °. Also in this case, the space portion 81 (15), the space portion 81 (3), the space portion 82 (15), and the space portion 82 (11) are connected to the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82. The refrigerant is connected to a region F where the flow path is not defined inside, and the flow path of the refrigerant is regulated by the pressure relationship.

In the present embodiment, the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a has been described as an example in which the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 are accommodated. A plurality of bodies may be accommodated, and the number of cylindrical valve bodies is not limited. Further, the path of the pipeline formed inside each cylindrical valve body, the configuration of the region F, and the number and position of the connection openings are not limited. Further, an example is described in which the outer peripheral space 801 and the outer peripheral space 802 between the valve body outer peripheral portion 80a and the first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 are divided by i = 16. Is not limited, and the number of spaces in which the outer peripheral surfaces 810 and 820 are closed is not limited. By appropriately changing the number of cylindrical valve bodies, the route followed by the pipeline, the configuration of the region F, the number and position of the connection openings, and the number of divisions of the space, the route through which the refrigerant flows is determined and the desired route is realized. can do.

In the air conditioning apparatus 103 according to Embodiment 3 described above, the rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 that switches the flow path of the refrigerant by rotation is disposed between the outdoor unit 30 and the indoor unit 60a. . The rotary flow path opening / closing valve 80 is configured by a first cylindrical valve body 81 and a second cylindrical valve body 82 that are coaxially arranged. The first cylindrical valve body 81 and the second cylindrical valve body 82 are configured to exhaust heat. The recovery heat exchanger 4 and the bypass circuit 84 are connected. For this reason, it is only necessary to provide one electric motor for adjusting the rotation angle between the first cylindrical valve element 81 and the second cylindrical valve element 82, and since the motor is stopped at a predetermined rotation angle, there is no power consumption. In addition, it is possible to finely adjust the open / close state by setting the predetermined rotation angle as an intermediate position, and to add a throttle function for increasing or decreasing the flow rate. Furthermore, since pressure fluctuations gradually occur at the time of switching, it is possible to prevent the generation of refrigerant noise and the rapid expansion of liquid refrigerant.

1 compressor, 2 flow switching device, 3 outdoor heat exchanger, 4 heat exchanger for exhaust heat recovery, 5a, 5b expansion device, 6a, 6b indoor heat exchanger, 7, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d 7e, 7f Solenoid valve, 7a Solenoid valve, 7b Solenoid valve, 7c Solenoid valve, 7d Solenoid valve, 7e Solenoid valve, 7f Solenoid valve, 8 Exhaust heat recovery auxiliary circuit, 9 Defrosting throttling device, 10 Ventilation device, 11 Total heat exchanger, 12 supply air blower, 13 exhaust air blower, 14 supply air flow path, 15 exhaust air flow path, 30 outdoor unit, 44 bypass circuit, 60a, 60b indoor unit, 80 rotary flow path opening / closing valve, 80a valve body outer periphery Part, 80b wall plate, 81 first cylindrical valve body, 81 (1) to 81 (16), 82 (1) to 82 (16) space part, 81a, 81b, 81c, 81d, 82a, 82b, 82c, 82dContinuation opening, 82 second cylindrical valve body, 83 motor, 84 bypass circuit, 85 partition plate, 100, 102, 103 air conditioner, 801, 802 outer peripheral space, 810 outer peripheral surface, 811, 812, 813, 821, 822, 823 conduit.

Claims (13)

1. A refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an expansion device, and an outdoor heat exchanger are connected by a pipe line;
   The refrigerant circuit is disposed between the outdoor heat exchanger and the expansion device, and includes an exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger that exchanges heat with exhaust of indoor air.
2. A bypass circuit for bypassing the heat exchanger for exhaust heat recovery is provided,
   The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein an electromagnetic valve is provided in the bypass circuit.
3. A refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an expansion device, and an outdoor heat exchanger are connected by piping;
   An auxiliary circuit for exhaust heat recovery disposed between the compressor and the indoor heat exchanger, and the expansion device and the outdoor heat exchanger;
   The exhaust heat recovery auxiliary circuit includes an exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger and a switching device that switches a refrigerant flow path.
4. The exhaust heat recovery auxiliary circuit is
   A defrosting throttling device connected in series with the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger;
   The air conditioning apparatus according to claim 3.
5. Having a control device,
   The control device includes:
   An exhaust heat recovery mode for switching the switching device to configure the exhaust heat recovery auxiliary circuit in which the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger is connected between the outdoor heat exchanger and the expansion device. The air conditioner according to claim 3 or 4.
6. Having a control device,
   The control device includes:
   When refrigerant leakage is detected,
   Stop the operation of the compressor,
   The refrigerant switching prevention mode is executed by switching the switching device so that the refrigerant circulates in the compressor and the outdoor heat exchanger and the circulation of the refrigerant to the indoor heat exchanger is stopped. The air conditioning apparatus according to 3 or 4.
7. Having a control device,
   The control device includes:
   A first defrosting mode is executed in which the switching device is switched to circulate refrigerant through the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger, and the indoor heat exchanger. Item 5. The air conditioner according to Item 3 or 4.
8. Having a control device,
   The control device includes:
   5. The second defrosting mode is executed, wherein the switching device is switched so as to circulate refrigerant through the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger. Air conditioner.
9. Having a control device,
   The control device includes:
   An exhaust heat recovery mode in which the switching device is switched to circulate refrigerant through the outdoor heat exchanger, the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger, and the expansion device;
   A refrigerant leakage prevention mode in which the switching device is switched to circulate the refrigerant in the compressor and the outdoor heat exchanger;
   A first defrosting mode in which the switching device is switched to circulate refrigerant to the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger, and the indoor heat exchanger;
   The switching device is selected from any one of a second defrosting mode in which the refrigerant is circulated to the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger. Or the air conditioning apparatus of 4.
10. The switching device is composed of a plurality of solenoid valves.
    The air conditioner according to any one of claims 3 to 9.
11. The switching device is composed of a rotary flow path opening / closing valve that switches the flow path of the refrigerant by the rotation of the valve body,
    The air conditioner according to any one of claims 3 to 9.
12. The rotary flow path opening / closing valve is
    A cylindrical cylindrical valve body having a plurality of first openings and through which the refrigerant flows;
    A plurality of conduits formed inside the cylindrical valve body, both ends of which are connected to the first opening;
    A cylindrical valve body outer peripheral portion that coaxially accommodates the cylindrical valve body; and
    A plurality of second openings formed in the outer periphery of the valve body, connected to a refrigerant circuit and through which the refrigerant flows;
    A plurality of space portions formed between an outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical valve body and an inner peripheral surface of the valve body outer peripheral portion and divided by a plurality of partition plates;
    With
    The cylindrical valve body is
    The first opening and the second opening are configured to communicate with each other by rotating with respect to the outer periphery of the valve body.
    The air conditioner according to any one of claims 3 to 10.
13. The indoor heat exchanger and the expansion device are connected in series to the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger,
    The air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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