WO2017186381A1 - Electrical machine - Google Patents

Electrical machine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017186381A1
WO2017186381A1 PCT/EP2017/054770 EP2017054770W WO2017186381A1 WO 2017186381 A1 WO2017186381 A1 WO 2017186381A1 EP 2017054770 W EP2017054770 W EP 2017054770W WO 2017186381 A1 WO2017186381 A1 WO 2017186381A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cooling jacket
stator
housing
electric machine
coolant
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2017/054770
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Erich COSIC
Zoltan HERICS
Craig Vitsaxakis
Original Assignee
Magna powertrain gmbh & co kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magna powertrain gmbh & co kg filed Critical Magna powertrain gmbh & co kg
Publication of WO2017186381A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017186381A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/14—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/14—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating wherein gaseous cooling medium circulates between the machine casing and a surrounding mantle
    • H02K9/16—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating wherein gaseous cooling medium circulates between the machine casing and a surrounding mantle wherein the cooling medium circulates through ducts or tubes within the casing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric machine comprising a stator with a laminated stator core and a cooling jacket, wherein the cooling jacket surrounds the stator laminated core on the outside.
  • An electric machine generally includes a stator and a rotor, the stator being the stationary part of the electric machine and the rotor being the moving part of the electric machine.
  • the rotor is rotatably mounted within the stator, i.
  • the stator surrounds the rotor on the outside.
  • the stator has a stator lamination stack and at least one stator winding, wherein the stator winding is arranged on the stator lamination stack, for example in grooves provided for this purpose.
  • an active cooling of the electric machine more precisely of the stator and / or rotor of the electric machine, often by means of a coolant flow-through cooling jacket, which surrounds the stator, more precisely the stator lamination, the outer circumference.
  • a coolant flow-through cooling jacket which surrounds the stator, more precisely the stator lamination, the outer circumference.
  • the stator lamination stack and the cooling jacket are usually joined non-positively and / or positively.
  • Stator laminations within the cooling jacket for example, by shrinking the stator lamination in the cooling jacket.
  • the cooling jacket and the stator are designed such that, when the cooling jacket is heated, the cross-sectional enlargement of the cooling jacket occurs and the stator can be positioned within the cooling jacket. Subsequently, the cooling jacket is cooled, whereby it comes to a cross-sectional reduction of the cooling jacket and the stator is fixed within the housing or the cooling jacket.
  • the cooling jacket of the electric machine is made of a material having a similar coefficient of thermal expansion as the stator lamination stack of the stator, so as to prevent the stator lamination from detaching itself from the cooling jacket at high operating temperatures of the electrical machine.
  • the stator lamination package is made of steel and therefore the cooling jacket should also be made of steel, more precisely made of stainless steel, which on the one hand with high costs and on the other with an enormous weight of the cooling jacket accompanied.
  • cooling jackets are therefore preferably made of aluminum.
  • cooling jacket often a particularly thin-walled design of the cooling jacket is necessary to meet reduced space requirements. Due to the thinness of the cooling jacket above-described fixation of the stator lamination within the cooling jacket is problematic because the mechanical Strength of the cooling jacket in the low temperature range is often insufficient and cracks can occur in the cooling jacket.
  • the document DE 10 201 1 080 199 A1 describes, for example, a housing, in particular for electrical machines, with a connecting channel for a coolant.
  • the housing has a substantially cylindrical outer housing and a substantially cylindrical inner housing which is inserted within the outer housing. Between an outer periphery of the inner housing and an inner periphery of the outer housing, a space is left in the cylindrical portion thereof, which is formed as a flow space for a coolant.
  • a space is left in the cylindrical portion thereof, which is formed as a flow space for a coolant.
  • the assembly of the inner housing and the outer housing is preferably carried out by means of a press fit or a Reibsch availabilityver.
  • an electric machine comprising a stator with a stator lamination and a cooling jacket, wherein the cooling jacket surrounds the stator lamination outside and wherein the cooling jacket is attached directly to the stator lamination packet cohesively via at least one stirring friction welding.
  • the electric machine comprises a stator with a
  • the cooling jacket is arranged according to the present invention concentric with the stator, more precisely the stator lamination stack and surrounds this outside circumference. According to the present invention, the cooling jacket of the electric machine is fastened directly to the stator laminated core of the stator in a material-locking manner via at least one friction stir welding region.
  • the cohesive connection between the laminated stator core and the cooling jacket can be carried out axially, radially and / or as an orbital seam.
  • axial corresponds to a direction along or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the stator of the electric machine
  • radial corresponds to a direction normal to the longitudinal axis of the stator of the electric machine.
  • Stator laminated core of the stator and the cooling jacket over the entire operating temperature range of the electrical machine ensures and thus ensures reliable operation of the electrical machine over its lifetime.
  • the electric machine can be operated efficiently and optimized performance and is characterized by a cost-effective production.
  • the cooling jacket is preferably formed from at least two segments, wherein the individual segments are integrally connected to one another.
  • the cohesive connection between the individual segments of the cooling jacket takes place, for example, by friction stir welding.
  • the electric machine comprises a housing and the cooling jacket of the electric machine has an inner element and at least one means for guiding a coolant.
  • the means for guiding a coolant is preferably arranged between the inner element and the housing and fastened or formed on the inner element and / or on the housing.
  • the inner element, the housing and the means for guiding a coolant are each made of moldable sheet metal, wherein the means for guiding a coolant is integrally connected both to the inner member and to the housing.
  • the cohesive connection of the means for guiding a coolant with the inner element and the housing of the cooling jacket takes place for example by friction stir welding.
  • the cohesive connection of the means for guiding a coolant with the inner element of the cooling jacket and the housing of the electric machine can be performed axially, radially and / or as an orbital seam.
  • the design of the inner element of the cooling jacket and of the means for guiding a coolant of the cooling jacket of individual formable sheets, which are directly cohesively connected, allows a particularly thin-walled design of the cooling jacket, resulting in an increase in the power density of the electric machine results.
  • sheet metal parts are very inexpensive and easy to manufacture and thus affect the cost of the cooling jacket and thus the overall cost of the electric machine positive.
  • the inner element and the housing are connected to form a gap directly sealingly cohesively with each other.
  • the cohesive connection of the inner element and the housing takes place, for example, by friction stir welding.
  • the cohesive connection between the cooling jacket and the housing can be performed axially, radially and / or as an orbital seam.
  • the cohesive connection of the laminated stator core over the cooling jacket with the housing creates a reliable component-reduced connection.
  • the cooling jacket and / or the housing are made of aluminum, for example.
  • the stator lamination packet of the stator is made of electrical steel, for example made of steel.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of an electrical machine according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal view of an electrical machine according to the invention according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of an electrical machine according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal view of an electrical machine according to the invention according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of an electrical machine according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal view of an electrical machine according to the invention according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of an electric machine according to the invention according to FIG. 1 and FIG.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further perspective view of an electric machine according to the invention according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal sectional illustration of a first embodiment variant of an electrical machine according to the invention according to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 with a housing.
  • FIG. 6 shows a detail view from FIG. 5. shows a plan view of an electrical machine according to the invention according to FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 5 shows a third perspective view of an inventive electric machine according to FIG. 5 and FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of an electrical machine according to the invention. shows a further perspective view of an electric machine according to the invention according to FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of an electric machine according to the invention according to FIG. 9 with a housing.
  • FIGS. 1 to 1 show different possible embodiments of an electric machine according to the invention
  • FIGS. 1 to 8 essentially showing a first embodiment variant of an electric machine
  • FIGS. 9 to 11 show a second embodiment variant of an electric machine.
  • the electric machine comprises a stator 1, a cooling jacket 3 and a housing 7.
  • the stator 1 is formed substantially hollow cylindrical.
  • the electric machine comprises a rotor, not shown in FIGS. 1 to 11, which is arranged to be rotatable within the stator 1.
  • the stator 1 has a stator lamination packet 2 as well as a plurality of stator windings 9 which are each arranged in grooves 10 of the stator lamination stack 2 designed to receive a stator winding 9.
  • the respective grooves 10 are innenumfhack- lent, evenly spaced formed on the stator lamination 2 (eg Fig. 1).
  • the cooling jacket 3 is formed in accordance with the outer contour of the stator 1 is substantially hollow cylindrical.
  • the cooling jacket 3 is arranged concentrically to the stator 1 and surrounds the stator 1, more precisely the laminated stator core 2, on the outer circumference.
  • the cooling jacket 3 is connected to the stator laminated core 2 of the stator 1 in a materially bonded manner.
  • the cohesive connection between the laminated stator core 2 and the cooling jacket 3 takes place via at least one stirring friction region 4.
  • the cooling jacket 3 of the electrical machine is segmented - the cooling jacket 3 comprises three Segments 5, namely hollow cylinder segments. Alternatively, however, the cooling jacket 3 may also be formed in one piece.
  • the segments 5 are each materially bonded, for example by means of friction stir welding, connected to each other.
  • the cooling jacket 3 has an inner element 6 and at least one means for guiding a coolant 8.
  • the means for guiding a coolant 8 is arranged between the inner element 6 and the housing 7 in both variants.
  • the means for guiding a coolant 8 is formed on the inner element 6 of the cooling jacket 3.
  • the inner element 6 of the cooling jacket 3 is connected to the housing 7 of the electric machine with the formation of a gap 11, by material fusion, for example by means of friction stir welding (FIGS. 5, 6).
  • the inner element 6 and the means for guiding a coolant 8 as well as the housing 7 of the electrical machine are each made of shapeable metal sheet.
  • the inner element 6 is in this case formed as an inner plate 6 ', the housing 7 as an outer plate 7' and the means for guiding a refrigerant 8 as a baffle 8 '.
  • the baffle 8 ' is connected to both the inner panel 6' as well as the outer panel 7 'cohesively, for example by means of friction stir welding.
  • the guide plate 8 ' has at least one recess 12 which serves to guide a coolant between the inner plate 6' and the outer plate 7 '.
  • the baffle 8 'further comprises an inlet recess 13 and a drain recess 14.
  • the inlet recess 13 serves the inlet of coolant in the cooling jacket 3;
  • the inner plate 6 ', the outer plate 7' and the baffle 8 ' are individually and / or interconnected according to the outer contour of the stator 1 of the electric machine, more precisely the stator lamination 2 of the electrical Machine, malleable.
  • the cooling jacket 3 is integrally formed - the inner panel 6 ', the outer panel 7' and the baffle 8 'are sealingly bonded together, then shaped according to the outer contour of the stator 1 and bonded cohesively at its junction 15, so that according to the outer contour of the stator 1, a substantially hollow cylindrical cooling jacket 3 is formed.
  • cooling jacket 3 of the second embodiment of an electrical machine can also be segmented.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical machine comprising a stator (1) with a stator laminated core (2) and a cooling jacket (3), wherein the cooling jacket (3) circumferentially surrounds the stator laminated core (2), and wherein the cooling jacket (3) is directly fastened on the stator laminated core (2) in a material-fitting manner via at least one friction stir welding region (4).

Description

Elektrische Maschine  Electric machine
Gebiet der Erfindung Field of the invention
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft elektrische Maschine umfassend einen Stator mit einem Statorblechpaket und einen Kühlmantel, wobei der Kühlmantel das Statorblechpaket außenumfänglich umgibt. The present invention relates to an electric machine comprising a stator with a laminated stator core and a cooling jacket, wherein the cooling jacket surrounds the stator laminated core on the outside.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Elektrische Maschinen der oben genannten Art finden als Motor und/oder Genera- tor vielfach im Bereich der Kraftfahrzeugtechnik Anwendung. Electrical machines of the abovementioned type are frequently used as motor and / or generator in the field of motor vehicle technology.
Eine elektrische Maschine weist im Allgemeinen einen Stator und einen Rotor auf, wobei der Stator den feststehenden Teil der elektrischen Maschine und der Rotor den sich bewegenden Teil der elektrischen Maschine darstellt. In der gängigsten Ausführungsform einer elektrischen Maschine ist der Rotor rotationsbeweglich innerhalb des Stators angeordnet, d.h. der Stator umgibt den Rotor außenumfänglich. Der Stator weist im in der Regel ein Statorblechpaket sowie zumindest eine Statorwicklung auf, wobei die Statorwicklung an dem Statorblechpaket, beispielsweise in dafür vorgesehenen Nuten, angeordnet ist. An electric machine generally includes a stator and a rotor, the stator being the stationary part of the electric machine and the rotor being the moving part of the electric machine. In the most common embodiment of an electric machine, the rotor is rotatably mounted within the stator, i. The stator surrounds the rotor on the outside. As a rule, the stator has a stator lamination stack and at least one stator winding, wherein the stator winding is arranged on the stator lamination stack, for example in grooves provided for this purpose.
Während des Betriebs der elektrischen Maschine produziert diese Abwärme, die zum einen die Effizienz und zum anderen die Lebensdauer der elektrischen Maschine negativ beeinflusst. Nach dem Stand der Technik erfolgt eine aktive Kühlung der elektrischen Maschine, genauer des Stators und/oder Rotors der elektrischen Maschine, oftmals mittels eines kühlmitteldurchströmten Kühlmantels, der den Stator, genauer das Statorblechpaket, außenumfänglich umgibt. Um eine optimierte Temperatur- und Momentübertragung zwischen dem Stator, genauer dem Statorblechpaket und dem Kühlmantel zu gewährleistet, werden das Statorblechpaket und der Kühlmantel in der Regel kraft- und/oder formschlüssig gefügt. Eine Fixierung des During operation of the electric machine, it produces waste heat which, on the one hand, adversely affects the efficiency and, on the other hand, the service life of the electric machine. According to the prior art, an active cooling of the electric machine, more precisely of the stator and / or rotor of the electric machine, often by means of a coolant flow-through cooling jacket, which surrounds the stator, more precisely the stator lamination, the outer circumference. In order to ensure optimized temperature and torque transmission between the stator, more precisely the stator lamination stack and the cooling jacket, the stator lamination stack and the cooling jacket are usually joined non-positively and / or positively. A fixation of the
Statorblechpakets innerhalb des Kühlmantels erfolgt beispielsweise durch Einschrumpfen des Statorblechpakets in den Kühlmantel. Dabei sind der Kühlmantel und der Stator derart ausgebildet, dass es bei Erhitzung des Kühlmantels zu einer Querschnittsvergrößerung des Kühlmantels kommt und der Stator innerhalb des Kühlmantels positioniert werden kann. Anschließend wird der Kühlmantel abgekühlt, wodurch es zu einer Querschnittsverkleinerung des Kühlmantels kommt und der Stator innerhalb des Gehäuses oder des Kühlmantels fixiert wird. Stator laminations within the cooling jacket, for example, by shrinking the stator lamination in the cooling jacket. In this case, the cooling jacket and the stator are designed such that, when the cooling jacket is heated, the cross-sectional enlargement of the cooling jacket occurs and the stator can be positioned within the cooling jacket. Subsequently, the cooling jacket is cooled, whereby it comes to a cross-sectional reduction of the cooling jacket and the stator is fixed within the housing or the cooling jacket.
Idealerweise wird dabei der Kühlmantel der elektrischen Maschine aus einem Material gefertigt, das einen ähnlich Temperaturausdehnungskoeffizienten aufweist wie das Statorblechpaket des Stators, um derart zu verhindern, dass sich bei hohen Betriebstemperaturen der elektrischen Maschine das Statorblechpaket von dem Kühlmantel löst. In der Realität lässt sich dies jedoch oftmals nicht verwirklichen, da das Statorblech paket aus Stahl gefertigt ist und demnach der Kühlmantel ebenso aus Stahl, genauer aus Edelstahl, gefertigt werden müsste, was zum einen mit hohen Kosten und zum anderen mit einem enormen Gewicht des Kühlmantels einhergeht. Um diesen beiden Nachteilen entgegen zu wirken werden Kühlmäntel daher bevorzugt aus Aluminium hergestellt. Ideally, the cooling jacket of the electric machine is made of a material having a similar coefficient of thermal expansion as the stator lamination stack of the stator, so as to prevent the stator lamination from detaching itself from the cooling jacket at high operating temperatures of the electrical machine. In reality, however, this can often not be achieved because the stator lamination package is made of steel and therefore the cooling jacket should also be made of steel, more precisely made of stainless steel, which on the one hand with high costs and on the other with an enormous weight of the cooling jacket accompanied. To counteract these two disadvantages, cooling jackets are therefore preferably made of aluminum.
Weiterhin ist oftmals eine besonders dünnwandige Ausbildung des Kühlmantels notwendig, um reduzierten Bauraumanforderungen gerecht zu werden. Aufgrund der Dünnwandigkeit des Kühlmantels ist eine oben beschriebene Fixierung des Statorblechpakets innerhalb des Kühlmantels problematisch, da die mechanische Festigkeit des Kühlmantels im Tieftemperaturbereich oftmals ungenügend ist und Risse im Kühlmantel entstehen können. Furthermore, often a particularly thin-walled design of the cooling jacket is necessary to meet reduced space requirements. Due to the thinness of the cooling jacket above-described fixation of the stator lamination within the cooling jacket is problematic because the mechanical Strength of the cooling jacket in the low temperature range is often insufficient and cracks can occur in the cooling jacket.
Das Dokument DE 10 201 1 080 199 A1 beschreibt beispielsweise ein Gehäuse, insbesondere für elektrische Maschinen, mit einem Verbindungskanal für ein Kühlmittel. Das Gehäuse weist ein im Wesentlichen zylindrisches Außengehäuse und ein im Wesentlichen zylindrisches Innengehäuse auf, das innerhalb des Außengehäuses eingesetzt ist. Zwischen einem Außenumfang des Innengehäuses und einem Innenumfang des Außengehäuses ist in deren zylindrischen Abschnitt ein Raum belassen , welcher als Strömungsraum für ein Kühlmittel ausgebildet ist. In dem Strömungsraum sind im Wesentlichen mehrere Strukturelemente, insbesondere Strukturelemente als Einlegeteile, ausgebildet, die die Strömung des Kühlmittels beeinflussen. Die Montage des Innengehäuses und des Außengehäuses erfolgt bevorzugt mittels einer Presspassung oder über ein Reibschweißver- fahren. The document DE 10 201 1 080 199 A1 describes, for example, a housing, in particular for electrical machines, with a connecting channel for a coolant. The housing has a substantially cylindrical outer housing and a substantially cylindrical inner housing which is inserted within the outer housing. Between an outer periphery of the inner housing and an inner periphery of the outer housing, a space is left in the cylindrical portion thereof, which is formed as a flow space for a coolant. In the flow space are essentially a plurality of structural elements, in particular structural elements as inserts, formed, which influence the flow of the coolant. The assembly of the inner housing and the outer housing is preferably carried out by means of a press fit or a Reibschweißver.
Zusammenfassung der Erfindung Es ist eine Aufgabe der Erfindung eine elektrische Maschine mit einem Kühlmantel anzugeben, die einen zuverlässigen Betrieb über ihre Lebensdauer gewährleistet. Summary of the Invention It is an object of the invention to provide an electric machine with a cooling jacket which ensures reliable operation over its lifetime.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt durch eine elektrische Maschine umfassend einen Stator mit einem Statorblechpaket und einen Kühlmantel, wobei der Kühlmantel das Statorblechpaket außenumfänglich umgibt und wobei der Kühlmantel unmittelbar an dem Statorblech paket stoffschlüssig über zumindest einen Rühr- reibschweißbereich befestigt ist. The object is achieved by an electric machine comprising a stator with a stator lamination and a cooling jacket, wherein the cooling jacket surrounds the stator lamination outside and wherein the cooling jacket is attached directly to the stator lamination packet cohesively via at least one stirring friction welding.
Erfindungsgemäß umfasst die elektrische Maschine einen Stator mit einem According to the invention, the electric machine comprises a stator with a
Statorblechpaket und einen Kühlmantel. Der Kühlmantel ist gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung konzentrisch zu dem Stator, genauer dem Statorblechpaket angeordnet und umgibt diesen außenumfänglich. Entsprechend der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der Kühlmantel der elektrischen Maschine unmittelbar an dem Statorblechpaket des Stators stoffschlüssig über zumindest einen Rührreibschweißbereich befestigt. Stator laminated core and a cooling jacket. The cooling jacket is arranged according to the present invention concentric with the stator, more precisely the stator lamination stack and surrounds this outside circumference. According to the present invention, the cooling jacket of the electric machine is fastened directly to the stator laminated core of the stator in a material-locking manner via at least one friction stir welding region.
Die stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Statorblechpaket und dem Kühl- mantel kann axial, radial und/oder als Orbitalnaht ausgeführt werden. The cohesive connection between the laminated stator core and the cooling jacket can be carried out axially, radially and / or as an orbital seam.
Die Begrifflichkeit„axial" entspricht einer Richtung entlang oder parallel zur Längsachse des Stators der elektrischen Maschine. Die Begrifflichkeit„radial" entspricht einer Richtung normal auf die Längsachse des Stators der elektrischen Maschine. The term "axial" corresponds to a direction along or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the stator of the electric machine The term "radial" corresponds to a direction normal to the longitudinal axis of the stator of the electric machine.
Vermittels der erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung der elektrischen Maschine wird eine zuverlässige Temperatur- und Momentübertragung zwischen dem By means of the inventive design of the electric machine is a reliable temperature and torque transmission between the
Statorblechpaket des Stators und dem Kühlmantel über den gesamten Betriebstemperaturbereich der elektrischen Maschine gewährleistet und somit ein zuverlässiger Betrieb der elektrischen Maschine über ihre Lebensdauer sichergestellt. Stator laminated core of the stator and the cooling jacket over the entire operating temperature range of the electrical machine ensures and thus ensures reliable operation of the electrical machine over its lifetime.
Weiterhin kann die elektrische Maschine effizient und leistungsoptimiert betrieben werden und zeichnet sich durch eine kostengünstige Herstellung aus. Furthermore, the electric machine can be operated efficiently and optimized performance and is characterized by a cost-effective production.
Durch die unmittelbare Ausführung der stoffschlüssigen Verbindung zwischen dem Statorblechpaket und dem Kühlmantel mittels Rührreibschweißen werden thermisch sensible Komponenten der elektrischen Maschine nicht negativ beeinflusst. Zudem kann ein besonders bauteilreduzierter und somit in seinen Herstellungskosten optimierter Aufbau der elektrischen Maschine gewährleistet werden. The direct execution of the cohesive connection between the laminated stator core and the cooling jacket by means of friction stir welding does not adversely affect thermally sensitive components of the electrical machine. In addition, a particularly component-reduced and thus optimized in its manufacturing cost structure of the electrical machine can be ensured.
Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen, der Beschrei- bung sowie den beigefügten Zeichnungen angegeben. Further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims, the description and the attached drawings.
Der Kühlmantel ist bevorzugt aus zumindest zwei Segmenten ausgebildet, wobei die einzelnen Segmente stoffschlüssig miteinander verbunden sind. Die stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen den einzelnen Segmenten des Kühlmantels erfolgt beispielsweise durch Rührreibschweißen. The cooling jacket is preferably formed from at least two segments, wherein the individual segments are integrally connected to one another. The cohesive connection between the individual segments of the cooling jacket takes place, for example, by friction stir welding.
Bevorzugt umfasst die elektrische Maschine ein Gehäuse und der Kühlmantel der elektrischen Maschine weist ein Innenelement sowie zumindest ein Mittel zur Führung eines Kühlmittels auf. Das Mittel zur Führung eines Kühlmittels ist vorzugsweise zwischen dem Innenelement und dem Gehäuse angeordnet und an dem Innenelement und/oder an dem Gehäuse befestigt oder ausgebildet. Preferably, the electric machine comprises a housing and the cooling jacket of the electric machine has an inner element and at least one means for guiding a coolant. The means for guiding a coolant is preferably arranged between the inner element and the housing and fastened or formed on the inner element and / or on the housing.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der vorliegenden Erfindung sind das Innenelement, das Gehäuse sowie das Mittel zur Führung eines Kühlmittels jeweils aus formbaren Blech gefertigt, wobei das Mittel zur Führung eines Kühlmittels sowohl mit dem Innenelement wie auch mit dem Gehäuse stoffschlüssig verbunden ist. Die stoffschlüssige Verbindung des Mittels zur Führung eines Kühlmittels mit dem Innenelement und dem Gehäuse des Kühlmantels erfolgt beispielsweise durch Rührreibschweißen. Die stoffschlüssige Verbindung des Mittels zur Führung eines Kühlmittels mit dem Innenelement des Kühlmantels und dem Gehäuse der elektrischen Maschine kann axial, radial und/oder als Orbitalnaht ausgeführt werden. Die Ausbildung des Innenelements des Kühlmantels und des Mittels zur Führung eines Kühlmittels des Kühlmantels aus einzelnen formbaren Blechen, die unmittelbar stoffschlüssig verbunden sind, ermöglicht eine besonders dünnwandige Gestaltung des Kühlmantels, woraus sich in weiterer Folge eine Steigerung der Leistungsdichte der elektrischen Maschine ergibt. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner element, the housing and the means for guiding a coolant are each made of moldable sheet metal, wherein the means for guiding a coolant is integrally connected both to the inner member and to the housing. The cohesive connection of the means for guiding a coolant with the inner element and the housing of the cooling jacket takes place for example by friction stir welding. The cohesive connection of the means for guiding a coolant with the inner element of the cooling jacket and the housing of the electric machine can be performed axially, radially and / or as an orbital seam. The design of the inner element of the cooling jacket and of the means for guiding a coolant of the cooling jacket of individual formable sheets, which are directly cohesively connected, allows a particularly thin-walled design of the cooling jacket, resulting in an increase in the power density of the electric machine results.
Weiterhin sind Blechteile sehr kostengünstig und einfach zu fertigen und beeinflussen somit die Kosten des Kühlmantels und somit die Gesamtkosten der elektrischen Maschine positiv. Furthermore, sheet metal parts are very inexpensive and easy to manufacture and thus affect the cost of the cooling jacket and thus the overall cost of the electric machine positive.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsvariante der vorliegenden Erfindung sind das Innenelement und das Gehäuse unter Ausbildung eines Zwischenraums unmittelbar dichtend stoffschlüssig miteinander verbunden. Die stoffschlüssige Verbindung des Innenelements und des Gehäuses erfolgt beispielsweise durch Rührreibschweißen. Die stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Kühlmantel und dem Gehäuse kann axial, radial und/oder als Orbitalnaht ausgeführt werden. Durch das stoffschlüssige Verbinden des Statorblechpakets über den Kühlmantel mit dem Gehäuse wird eine zuverlässige, bauteilreduzierte Verbindung geschaffen. In a further advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the inner element and the housing are connected to form a gap directly sealingly cohesively with each other. The cohesive connection of the inner element and the housing takes place, for example, by friction stir welding. The cohesive connection between the cooling jacket and the housing can be performed axially, radially and / or as an orbital seam. The cohesive connection of the laminated stator core over the cooling jacket with the housing creates a reliable component-reduced connection.
Der Kühlmantel und/oder das Gehäuse sind beispielsweise aus Aluminium ausge- bildet. The cooling jacket and / or the housing are made of aluminum, for example.
Das Statorblech paket des Stators ist aus Elektroblech, zum Beispiel aus Stahl ausgebildet. Durch unmittelbares Verbinden des Kühlmantels mit dem Statorblechpaket mittels Rührreibschweißen ist es möglich zwei unterschiedliche Materialien, bevorzugt Aluminium und Stahl, stoffschlüssig zu verbinden ohne die elektromagnetischen Eigenschaften des Statorblechpakets nachteilig zu beeinflussen. The stator lamination packet of the stator is made of electrical steel, for example made of steel. By directly connecting the cooling jacket to the laminated stator core by means of friction stir welding, it is possible to materially connect two different materials, preferably aluminum and steel, without adversely affecting the electromagnetic properties of the laminated stator core.
Kurzbeschreibung der Zeichnungen Brief description of the drawings
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden beispielhaft unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeich- nungen beschrieben. The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Querschnittsdarstellung einer ersten Ausführungsvariante einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrische Maschine. Fig. 2 zeigt eine Längsansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Maschine gemäß Fig. 1 . Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of an electrical machine according to the invention. FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal view of an electrical machine according to the invention according to FIG. 1. FIG.
Fig. 3 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Maschine gemäß Fig. 1 und Fig.2. FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of an electric machine according to the invention according to FIG. 1 and FIG.
Fig. 4 zeigt eine weitere perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Maschine gemäß Fig. 1 und Fig. 2. 4 shows a further perspective view of an electric machine according to the invention according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.
Fig. 5 zeigt eine Längsschnittsdarstellung einer ersten Ausführungsvariante einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrische Maschine gemäß Fig. 1 bis Fig. 4 mit einem Gehäuse. FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal sectional illustration of a first embodiment variant of an electrical machine according to the invention according to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 with a housing.
Fig. 6 zeigt eine Detailansicht aus Fig. 5. zeigt eine Draufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße elektrische Maschine gemäß Fig. 5. zeigt eine dritte perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsge- mäßen elektrischen Maschine gemäß Fig. 5 und Fig. 7. zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsvariante einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Maschine. zeigt eine weitere perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Maschine gemäß Fig. 9. zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsvariante einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Maschine gemäß Fig. 9 mit einem Gehäuse. 6 shows a detail view from FIG. 5. shows a plan view of an electrical machine according to the invention according to FIG. 5. FIG. 5 shows a third perspective view of an inventive electric machine according to FIG. 5 and FIG. 7. FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of an electrical machine according to the invention. shows a further perspective view of an electric machine according to the invention according to FIG. 9. FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of an electric machine according to the invention according to FIG. 9 with a housing.
Detaillierte Beschreibung der Erfindung Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 bis Fig. 1 1 zeigen unterschiedlichen Ausführungsmöglichkeiten einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Maschine, wobei Fig. 1 bis Fig. 8 im Wesentlichen eine erste Ausführungsvariante einer elektrischen Maschine zeigen und Fig. 9 bis Fig. 1 1 eine zweite Ausführungsvariante einer elektrischen Maschine zeigen. 1 to 1 show different possible embodiments of an electric machine according to the invention, FIGS. 1 to 8 essentially showing a first embodiment variant of an electric machine, and FIGS. 9 to 11 show a second embodiment variant of an electric machine.
Die elektrische Maschine umfasst einen Stator 1 , einen Kühlmantel 3 sowie ein Gehäuse 7. Der Stator 1 ist im Wesentlichen hohlzylindrisch ausgebildet. The electric machine comprises a stator 1, a cooling jacket 3 and a housing 7. The stator 1 is formed substantially hollow cylindrical.
Weiterhin umfasst die elektrische Maschine einen in Fig. 1 bis Fig. 1 1 nicht darge- stellten Rotor, der rotationsbeweglich innerhalb des Stators 1 angeordnet ist. Der Stator 1 weist ein Statorblechpaket 2 sowie mehrere Statorwicklungen 9 auf, die jeweils in zur Aufnahme einer Statorwicklung 9 ausgebildeten Nuten 10 des Statorblechpakets 2 angeordnet sind. Die jeweiligen Nuten 10 sind innenumfäng- lieh, gleichmäßig beabstandet an dem Statorblechpaket 2 ausgebildet (z.B. Fig. 1 ). Furthermore, the electric machine comprises a rotor, not shown in FIGS. 1 to 11, which is arranged to be rotatable within the stator 1. The stator 1 has a stator lamination packet 2 as well as a plurality of stator windings 9 which are each arranged in grooves 10 of the stator lamination stack 2 designed to receive a stator winding 9. The respective grooves 10 are innenumfäng- lent, evenly spaced formed on the stator lamination 2 (eg Fig. 1).
Der Kühlmantel 3 ist entsprechend der Außenkontur des Stators 1 im Wesentlichen hohlzylindrisch ausgebildet. Der Kühlmantel 3 ist konzentrisch zu dem Stator 1 angeordnet und umgibt den Stator 1 , genauer das Statorblechpaket 2, außen- umfänglich. Der Kühlmantel 3 ist unmittelbar mit dem Statorblechpaket 2 des Stators 1 stoffschlüssig verbunden. Die stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Statorblechpaket 2 und dem Kühlmantel 3 erfolgt über zumindest einen Rühr- reibschweißbereich 4. In dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel einer elektrischen Maschine gemäß Fig. 1 bis Fig. 8 ist der Kühlmantel 3 der elektrischen Maschine segmentiert ausgebildet - der Kühlmantel 3 umfasst drei Segmente 5, nämlich Hohlzylindersegmente. Alternativ kann der Kühlmantel 3 jedoch auch einteilig ausgebildet sein. Die Segmente 5 sind jeweils stoffschlüssig, beispielsweise vermittels Rührreibschweißen, miteinander verbunden. The cooling jacket 3 is formed in accordance with the outer contour of the stator 1 is substantially hollow cylindrical. The cooling jacket 3 is arranged concentrically to the stator 1 and surrounds the stator 1, more precisely the laminated stator core 2, on the outer circumference. The cooling jacket 3 is connected to the stator laminated core 2 of the stator 1 in a materially bonded manner. The cohesive connection between the laminated stator core 2 and the cooling jacket 3 takes place via at least one stirring friction region 4. In the first exemplary embodiment of an electrical machine according to FIGS. 1 to 8, the cooling jacket 3 of the electrical machine is segmented - the cooling jacket 3 comprises three Segments 5, namely hollow cylinder segments. Alternatively, however, the cooling jacket 3 may also be formed in one piece. The segments 5 are each materially bonded, for example by means of friction stir welding, connected to each other.
Der Kühlmantel 3 weist in dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 1 bis Fig. 8 sowie in dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 9 bis Fig. 1 1 ein Innenelement 6 und zumindest ein Mittel zur Führung eines Kühlmittels 8 auf. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 8 and in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 9 to 11, the cooling jacket 3 has an inner element 6 and at least one means for guiding a coolant 8.
Das Mittel zur Führung eines Kühlmittels 8 ist in beiden Ausführungsvarianten zwischen dem Innenelement 6 und dem Gehäuse 7 angeordnet. ln der ersten Ausführungsvariante nach Fig. 1 bis Fig. 8 ist das Mittel zur Führung eines Kühlmittels 8 an dem Innenelement 6 des Kühlmantels 3 ausgebildet. In dieser Ausführungsvariante einer elektrischen Maschine ist das Innenelement 6 des Kühlmantels 3 mit dem Gehäuse 7 der elektrischen Maschine unter Ausbil- dung eines Zwischenraums 1 1 stoffschlüssig, beispielsweise vermittels Rührreibschweißen, verbunden (Fig. 5, Fig. 6). The means for guiding a coolant 8 is arranged between the inner element 6 and the housing 7 in both variants. In the first embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 8, the means for guiding a coolant 8 is formed on the inner element 6 of the cooling jacket 3. In this embodiment of an electric machine, the inner element 6 of the cooling jacket 3 is connected to the housing 7 of the electric machine with the formation of a gap 11, by material fusion, for example by means of friction stir welding (FIGS. 5, 6).
In dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 9 bis Fig. 1 1 sind das Innenelement 6 und das Mittel zur Führung eines Kühlmittels 8 sowie das Gehäuse 7 der elektrischen Maschine jeweils aus formbaren Blech gefertigt. Das Innenelement 6 ist dabei als Innenblech 6', das Gehäuse 7 als Außenblech 7' und das Mittel zur Führung eines Kältemittels 8 als Leitblech 8' ausgebildet. In the second exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 9 to 11, the inner element 6 and the means for guiding a coolant 8 as well as the housing 7 of the electrical machine are each made of shapeable metal sheet. The inner element 6 is in this case formed as an inner plate 6 ', the housing 7 as an outer plate 7' and the means for guiding a refrigerant 8 as a baffle 8 '.
Das Leitblech 8' ist sowohl mit dem Innenblech 6' wie auch mit dem Außenblech 7' stoffschlüssig, beispielsweise vermittels Rührreibschweißen, verbunden. The baffle 8 'is connected to both the inner panel 6' as well as the outer panel 7 'cohesively, for example by means of friction stir welding.
Das Leitblech 8' weist zumindest eine Ausnehmung 12 auf, die der Führung eines Kühlmittels zwischen dem Innenblech 6' und dem Außenblech 7' dient. Das Leitblech 8' weist weiterhin eine Zulaufausnehmung 13 und eine Ablaufausnehmung 14 auf. Die Zulaufausnehmung 13 dient dem Zulauf von Kühlmittel in den Kühlmantel 3; die Ablaufausnehmung 14 dient dem Ablauf von Kühlmittel aus dem Kühlmantel 3. Das Innenblech 6', das Außenblech 7' sowie das Leitblech 8' sind einzeln und/oder miteinander verbunden entsprechend der Außenkontur des Stators 1 der elektrischen Maschine, genauer des Statorblechpakets 2 der elektrischen Maschine, formbar. ln dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel einer elektrischen Maschine ist der Kühlmantel 3 einteilig ausgebildet - das Innenblech 6', das Außenblech 7' sowie das Leitblech 8' werden dichtend stoffschlüssig miteinander verbunden, anschließend entsprechend der Außenkontur des Stators 1 geformt und an ihrer Stoßstelle 15 stoffschlüssig verbunden, so dass entsprechend der Außenkontur des Stators 1 ein im Wesentlichen hohlzylindrischer Kühlmantel 3 ausgebildet wird. The guide plate 8 'has at least one recess 12 which serves to guide a coolant between the inner plate 6' and the outer plate 7 '. The baffle 8 'further comprises an inlet recess 13 and a drain recess 14. The inlet recess 13 serves the inlet of coolant in the cooling jacket 3; The inner plate 6 ', the outer plate 7' and the baffle 8 'are individually and / or interconnected according to the outer contour of the stator 1 of the electric machine, more precisely the stator lamination 2 of the electrical Machine, malleable. In the second embodiment of an electric machine, the cooling jacket 3 is integrally formed - the inner panel 6 ', the outer panel 7' and the baffle 8 'are sealingly bonded together, then shaped according to the outer contour of the stator 1 and bonded cohesively at its junction 15, so that according to the outer contour of the stator 1, a substantially hollow cylindrical cooling jacket 3 is formed.
Alternativ kann der Kühlmantel 3 der zweiten Ausführungsvariante einer elektrischen Maschine auch segmentiert ausgebildet sein. Alternatively, the cooling jacket 3 of the second embodiment of an electrical machine can also be segmented.
Bezugszeichenliste LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Stator 1 stator
2 Statorblech paket  2 stator lamination package
3 Kühlmantel  3 cooling jacket
4 Rührreibschweißbereich  4 friction stir welding area
5 Segment  5 segment
6 Innenelement  6 interior element
7 Gehäuse  7 housing
8 Mittel zur Führung eines Kühlmittels  8 means for guiding a coolant
9 Statorwicklung  9 stator winding
10 Nut  10 groove
1 1 Zwischenraum  1 1 gap
12 Ausnehmung  12 recess
13 Zulaufausnehmung  13 inlet recess
14 Ablaufausnehmung  14 drainage recess
15 Stoßstelle  15 joint
16 Fügestelle  16 joints
17 Längsachse (des Stators)  17 longitudinal axis (of the stator)

Claims

Patentansprüche Patent claims
Elektrische Maschine umfassend einen Stator (1) mit einem Statorblechpaket (2) und einen Kühlmantel (3), wobei der Kühlmantel (3) das Electrical machine comprising a stator (1) with a stator laminated core (2) and a cooling jacket (3), the cooling jacket (3) being the
Statorblechpaket Stator lamination package
(2) außenumfänglich umgibt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlmantel (2) surrounds the external circumference, characterized in that the cooling jacket
(3) unmittelbar an dem Statorblech paket (2) stoffschlüssig über zumindest einen Rührreibschweißbereich (3) directly on the stator lamination package (2) in a materially bonded manner via at least one friction stir welding area
(4) befestigt ist. (4) is attached.
Elektrische Maschine nach Anspruch 1, Electric machine according to claim 1,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Kühlmantel (3) aus zumindest zwei Segmenten (5) ausgebildet ist, wobei die einzelnen Segmente (5) stoffschlüssig miteinander verbunden sind. This means that the cooling jacket (3) is formed from at least two segments (5), the individual segments (5) being cohesively connected to one another.
Elektrische Maschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, Electric machine according to claim 1 or 2,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die elektrische Maschine ein Gehäuse (7) umfasst und der Kühlmantel (3) der elektrischen Maschine ein Innenelement (6) und zumindest ein Mittel zur Führung eines Kühlmittels (8) aufweist, wobei das Mittel zur Führung eines Kühlmittels (8) zwischen dem Innenelement (6) und dem Gehäuse (7) angeordnet ist und an dem Innenelement (6) und/oder an dem Gehäuse (7) befestigt oder ausgebildet ist. This means that the electrical machine comprises a housing (7) and the cooling jacket (3) of the electrical machine has an inner element (6) and at least one means for guiding a coolant (8), the means for guiding a coolant (8) between is arranged on the inner element (6) and the housing (7) and is fastened or formed on the inner element (6) and/or on the housing (7).
Elektrische Maschine nach Anspruch 3, Electric machine according to claim 3,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Innenelement (6), das Gehäuse (7) sowie das Mittel zur Führung eines Kühlmittels (8) jeweils aus formbaren Blech gefertigt sind, wobei das Mittel zur Führung eines Kühlmittels (8) sowohl mit dem Innenelement (6) wie auch mit dem Gehäuse (7) stoffschlüssig verbunden ist. characterized in that the inner element (6), the housing (7) and the means for guiding a coolant (8) are each made of formable sheet metal, the means for guiding a coolant (8) being connected to both the inner element (6) and is cohesively connected to the housing (7).
5. Elektrische Maschine nach Anspruch 3, 5. Electric machine according to claim 3,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Innenele- ment (6) und das Gehäuse (7) unter Ausbildung eines Zwischenraums dichtend stoffschlüssig verbunden sind. This indicates that the inner element (6) and the housing (7) are connected in a sealing, cohesive manner, forming a gap.
PCT/EP2017/054770 2016-04-28 2017-03-01 Electrical machine WO2017186381A1 (en)

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