WO2017184018A1 - Procédé de chargement de puis lors de travaux de forage - Google Patents

Procédé de chargement de puis lors de travaux de forage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017184018A1
WO2017184018A1 PCT/RU2016/000760 RU2016000760W WO2017184018A1 WO 2017184018 A1 WO2017184018 A1 WO 2017184018A1 RU 2016000760 W RU2016000760 W RU 2016000760W WO 2017184018 A1 WO2017184018 A1 WO 2017184018A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mine
expansion bolt
wedge
mouth
sleeve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2016/000760
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Сергей Викторович ЛУКША
Дмитрий Сергеевич ТУКНОВ
Original Assignee
Сергей Викторович ЛУКША
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Сергей Викторович ЛУКША filed Critical Сергей Викторович ЛУКША
Priority to EA201800543A priority Critical patent/EA201800543A1/ru
Publication of WO2017184018A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017184018A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
    • F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of predominantly drilling and blasting operations in strong rocks and can be used in various fields of the national economy using blasting operations at mining and non-metallic objects. Including, it can be used: when felling buildings, structures, crushing of foundations and sintered ore; blasting in underground and mining operations; blasting during tunneling and the construction of subway tunnel lines, etc.
  • the main condition for carrying out drilling and blasting operations is to ensure their safety for them and the surrounding production personnel.
  • One of the conditions for ensuring safety in the implementation of the technology of loading (filling) workings in the form of holes or wells is the need to observe precautions that exclude the dynamic effect on the charge of an explosive and means of initiating a charge, located in a production cavity (i.e., a hole or a well).
  • an unauthorized dynamic impact on an explosive charge of an explosive and a means of initiating a charge can occur during installation and fixation in the production (hole or borehole) of a mechanical jamming (especially a wedge-type spacer), since its fixation requires an axial dynamic effect on the wedge structure of the shutter in the direction of charge and means of its initiation (detonator).
  • a mechanical jamming especially a wedge-type spacer
  • an unauthorized and uncontrolled dynamic impact can occur on the explosive charge and, accordingly, on the charge initiation means, which is unacceptable from the point of view of ensuring the safety of drilling and blasting operations.
  • the technology of loading the output must ensure that dynamic impact on the subversive charge or detonator with conductors of the initiating pulse from the mechanical clogging in the form of an expansion bolt during its fixation in the functional cavity of the production (borehole or well) is excluded.
  • special designs of mechanical collapses are used, which ensure their fixation in the functional-technological cavity of the mine without making direct contact of the stemming device with a subversive charge and associated explosive means (detonators).
  • certain technological methods of their fixation in a technologically specified spatial position are also used.
  • wedge type expansion bolt which structurally includes an outer sleeve with sliding structures and an element with at least one wedge surface located in its cavity interacting with the inner surfaces of the sliding structures of the sleeve facing it.
  • the conductors of the initiating pulse of the detonator are placed in the technological channels formed in its structural elements with the output of them outside the functional cavity of the mine. After entering the expansion bolt at the mouth of the excavation, it is conducted along the generation through the technological stemming unit to a predetermined distance and the expansion bolt is fixed in this position.
  • the sliding structures of the sleeve are wedged by means of an external dynamic action on its end along the working axis by means of the aforementioned stem-face in the direction installed subversive charge with the movement of this sleeve relative to the element with a wedge surface (patent Ne139745, U1).
  • the basis of the claimed invention was the task of creating such a method for implementing the technology of loading a hole in the form of a hole or a well during drilling and blasting operations, the industrial implementation of which using the appropriate structural structures of the clogging in the form of an expansion bolt would completely exclude the dynamic contact of the explosive explosive charge (and, accordingly , dynamic action on the detonator with conductors of the initiating pulse during installation and fixation in the development in the form of w pura or stemming wells in the form of an expansion valve while simplifying the design of the expansion valve itself.
  • the technical result is the provision of fixing the stemming in the form of an expansion bolt in the working (i.e., fixed in the working) position of the stemming at a technologically specified distance from the mouth of the working, ensuring the complete exclusion of its dynamic contact with the explosive explosive charge while simplifying the design used (for implementation method) spacer shutter due to the exclusion from its design of the power cylinder with emphasis for reverse wedging, necessary to solve the problem in the method pro totipe. Disclosure of a technical solution
  • the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method for implementing the technology of loading the workings in the form of a hole or a well during drilling and blasting operations, which includes sequential installation of a pre-drilled workout into the functional cavity:
  • wedge type expansion bolt which structurally includes an outer sleeve with sliding structures and an element located in its cavity with at least one wedge surface, interacting with the inner surfaces of the sliding structures of the sleeve facing it;
  • the conductors of the initiating pulse of the detonator are placed in the technological channels formed in its structural elements with the output of their ends outside the functional cavity of the output;
  • the distance of the regulated installation of the expansion bolt from the mouth of the mine is recorded by reference marks or by the structural and technological locking protrusion formed on the measuring means;
  • the axially guided element is mechanically held in place at the place of the regulated installation of the spacer shutter, for which measure means are fixed relative to the fixed base structure.
  • a cord or a tape with reference marks in the form of a metric scale is permissible to use as a measuring means, and as an immovable basic structure, it is functional to use the operator's hand holding the free end of the cord or tape.
  • an element as a measured means, for example, in the form of a bar with a technologically specified length, which is functionally a structural structure of an element with a wedge surface, and this structure should have a L-shaped protrusion at its end, located in the area of the mouth of the mine, and as fixed base structure, in this case, it is advisable to use functionally a portion of the rock surface adjacent to the mouth of the mine, which is brought into contact with the persistent surface of the L-shaped protrusion during the operation of posting the expansion bolt along the working.
  • the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method for implementing the technology of loading the workings in the form of a hole or a well during drilling and blasting operations, which includes sequential installation of a pre-drilled workout into the functional cavity:
  • the conductors of the initiating pulse of the detonator are placed in the technological channels formed in its structural elements with the output of their ends outside the functional cavity of the output;
  • the distance of the regulated installation of the expansion bolt from the mouth of the mine is recorded by reference marks or by the structural and technological locking protrusion formed on the measuring means;
  • the element associated with the measuring means is mechanically held in the axial direction at the place of the regulated installation of the expansion bolt, for which the measuring means are fixed relative to the fixed base structure.
  • a cord or a tape with reference marks in the form of a metric scale is permissible to use as a measuring means, and in this case, as an immovable base structure, it is functional to use the operator’s hand holding the free end of the cord or tape.
  • an element for example, in the form of a bar with a technologically predetermined length, which is functionally a structural structure of the corresponding axially-retained wedge element of the expansion valve, and this structure, in this case, should have a L-shaped protrusion its end, located in the area of the mouth of the mine, and as a fixed of the basic structure, it is advisable to use functionally a portion of the rock surface adjacent to the mouth of the mine, which is brought into contact with the thrust surface of the L-shaped protrusion during the operation of posting the expansion bolt along the mine.
  • the method is illustrated in graphic materials.
  • FIG. 1 - one of the possible structural schemes of the expansion valve, which can be used for industrial implementation of the first embodiment of the patented method (paragraphs 1-3 of the claims).
  • Figure 2 is a view A of figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for loading a mine with the construction of an expansion bolt structure in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 in its process cavity.
  • Figure 4 is one of the possible structural schemes of the expansion valve, which can be used for industrial implementation of the second embodiment of the patented method (paragraphs 4-6 of the claims).
  • FIG. 5 is a view B of figure 4.
  • a method for implementing the technology of loading a mine in the form of a hole or a well during drilling and blasting operations, according to the first industrial implementation, is as follows.
  • the patented method includes the sequential installation into the functional cavity 2 of a pre-drilled mine 1: - detonator 3 with conductors 4 of the initiating pulse;
  • a spacer shutter 6 of a wedge type structurally including an external sleeve 7 with sliding structures 8 and 9 and an element 10 with a wedge surface at least one wedge surface 1 1 and 12 located in its cavity, interacting with the internal ones facing it surfaces 13 and 14 of the sliding structure of the sleeve.
  • the expansion valve 6 is made of an elastically deformable material (for example, plastic or other polymeric material).
  • conductors 4 of the initiating pulse of the detonator 3 are placed with the output of their (conductors 4) ends beyond the functional cavity 2 of generation 1.
  • the sliding structures 8 and 9 of the sleeve 7 are wedged out by an external dynamic action along the arrow F on the end face of the said sleeve 7 (located on the side of the working mouth) along the production axis by means of the aforementioned stem-pit 18 in the direction of the installed blasting charge 5 with the movement along arrow S of this sleeve 7 relative to the element 10 with at least one wedge surface 1 1 and
  • structural and technological measuring means 19 are used, which are fixed in the axial direction relative to the element 10 with at least one wedge surface 1 1 and 12 of the expansion valve 6.
  • the distance of the regulated installation of the expansion bolt 6 from the mouth 17 of the excavation 1 is recorded by reference marks or by the structural and technological locking protrusion 20. formed on the measuring means 19.
  • the aforementioned sliding structures 8 and 9 of the sleeve 7 of the expansion bolt 6 carry out a mechanical holding in the axial direction of the element 10 with at least one wedge surface 1 1 and 12, in place of the regulated installation of the expansion valve 6.
  • cord or tape with reference marks in the form of a metric scale is permissible to use as a measuring means 19, and it is functional to use the operator's hand holding the free end of the cord or tape as a fixed base structure.
  • an element as a measuring means, for example, in the form of a bar with a technologically specified length, which is functionally a structural structure of an element 10 with at least one wedge surface 1 1 and 12.
  • this structure should have a L-shaped protrusion 20 on its end, located in the zone of the mouth 17 of the mine 1, and in this case, it is advisable to functionally use a section 21 of the rock surface adjacent to the mouth 17 of the mine, which is brought into contact with thrust surface 22 of the L-shaped protrusion 20 during the operation of posting the expansion bolt 6 along the output.
  • the method for implementing the technology of loading the output 1 in the form of a hole or a well during drilling and blasting operations is as follows.
  • the conductors 4 of the initiating pulse of the detonator 3 are placed with the output of their (conductors 4) ends beyond the functional cavity 2 of generation 1.
  • the elements 23 and 24 are temporarily fixed with a latch 27.
  • the distance of the regulated installation of the expansion bolt 6 from the mouth 17 of the development is recorded by reference marks or structurally-technological locking protrusion 20 formed on the measuring means 9.
  • the element 24 associated with the measuring means 19 is mechanically held in the axial direction at the place of the regulated installation of the spacer 6.
  • the measuring means 19 are fixed with respect to the fixed base structure.
  • a cord or a tape with reference marks in the form of a metric scale as a measuring means 19, and, as a fixed base structure, in this case, it is functional to use the operator’s hand holding the free end of the cord or tape.
  • an element as a measuring means 19, for example, in the form of a bar with a technologically predetermined length, which is functionally constructive the structure of the corresponding axially held wedge element 24 of the spacer bolt 6, and this structure, in this case, should have a L-shaped protrusion 20 at its end, located in the area of the mouth 17 of the output 1, and it is advisable to functionally as a fixed base structure use the site 21 of the rock surface adjacent to the mouth 17 of the excavation 1, which is brought into contact with the thrust surface 22 of the L-shaped protrusion 20 during the operation of posting the expansion bolt 6 along the excavation 1.
  • any embodiment of the patented method it is permissible to use 4 initiating pulses as conductors: electrical wires, a blasting cord with thermal combustible material, or a waveguide, mainly fiber optic (depending on the design of the blasting detonator used).
  • an object embodying the claimed technical solution in its industrial implementation is intended for use in the field of drilling and blasting in strong rocks and can be used in various industries using blasting (mainly in rock massifs of rocks, i.e., at objects mining and non-metallic industry); including, it can be used: when felling buildings, structures, crushing foundations and sintered ore; blasting in underground and mining operations; blasting during tunneling and construction of subway tunnel lines, etc.
  • an object embodying the claimed technical solution during its implementation is able to achieve the achievement of the technical result perceived by the applicant: ensuring fixation of the stemming in the form of an expansion bolt 6 in the working (i.e., fixed in the working 1) position of the stemming at a technologically specified distance from the mouth 17 of the working 1, ensuring the complete exclusion of its dynamic contact with the explosive explosive charge 5 while simplifying the design used in the method of the expansion bolt 6 due to exclusion from e th design of the power cylinder, necessary to solve the problem in the prototype method.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte au domaine des travaux à l'explosif. Le procédé consiste à installer dans un évidement un détonateur avec des conducteurs d'initiation d'impulsion, une charge explosive et des bourrages sous forme de bouchons expansibles de type coin comprenant un insert avec des structures expansibles et, dans sa cavité, un élément avec des surfaces de type coin qui interagissent avec les surfaces de la sructure de l'insert orientées vers celui-ci. Avant l'installation du bouchon, les conducteurs sont disposés dans des canaux de sorte que leurs extrémités sortent de l'évidement. Après avoir introduit le bouchon dans l'embouchure de l'évidement, on procède à son insertion le long de l'évidement à l'aide d'une tige de bourrage sur une distance donnée et on le fixe dans cette position, en s'assurant du calage des structures de l'insert. A cette fin, on utilise une tige de bourrage. Lors du processus de 'opération d'insertion, on utilise un système de mesure que l'on fixe dans la direction axiale par rapport à l'élément avec des surfaces de type coin. L'installation du bouchon est enregistrée en fonction de marques de repères ou de la protubérance sur le système de mesure. Lors du processus de calage des structures expansibles de l'insert, on effectue un maintien dans la direction axiale de l'élément avec des surfaces de type coin à l'endroit d'installation du bouchon. A cette fin, on effectue une fixation du système de mesure par rapport à la structure de base immobile. L'invention permet de fixer un bourrage en excluant tout contact de celui-ci avec une substance explosive.
PCT/RU2016/000760 2016-04-18 2016-11-10 Procédé de chargement de puis lors de travaux de forage WO2017184018A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EA201800543A EA201800543A1 (ru) 2016-04-18 2016-11-10 Способ заряжания скважин при буровзрывных работах

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2016114794 2016-04-18
RU2016114794A RU2616011C1 (ru) 2016-04-18 2016-04-18 Способ осуществления технологии заряжания выработки в виде шпура или скважины при буровзрывных работах (варианты)

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017184018A1 true WO2017184018A1 (fr) 2017-10-26

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PCT/RU2016/000760 WO2017184018A1 (fr) 2016-04-18 2016-11-10 Procédé de chargement de puis lors de travaux de forage

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EA (1) EA201800543A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2616011C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017184018A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113587757A (zh) * 2021-08-06 2021-11-02 安徽理工大学 一种露天大直径炮孔装填乳化炸药的装置及方法

Citations (4)

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RU2101496C1 (ru) * 1992-01-21 1998-01-10 Инженерно-технический центр "Силовые импульсные системы" при Московском геологоразведочном институте им.Серго Орджоникидзе Устройство для разрушения горных пород
WO2000036364A1 (fr) * 1998-12-14 2000-06-22 Rocktek Ltd. Procede et appareil de chargement d'un trou de forage
RU2301964C2 (ru) * 2004-11-04 2007-06-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Тихоокеанский государственный университет" ГОУ ВПО "ТОГУ" Механическая забойка
RU147959U1 (ru) * 2014-07-08 2014-11-20 Алексей Алмазович Галимьянов Устройство для создания воздушных камер в скважинных зарядах

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RU2234673C1 (ru) * 2003-03-17 2004-08-20 Институт горного дела Дальневосточного отделения РАН Способ взрывания восходящих скважин
AU2008201432A1 (en) * 2007-03-29 2008-10-16 Cauchos Industriales S.A. Mechanical stemming plug apparatus for mining blasting operations
RU2390722C1 (ru) * 2009-03-18 2010-05-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Тихоокеанский государственный университет" Распорно-засыпная забойка
RU136883U1 (ru) * 2013-07-19 2014-01-20 Виктор Сергеевич Федотенко Подвесная скважинная забойка
RU139745U1 (ru) * 2013-08-02 2014-04-20 Алексей Николаевич Шустов Устройство для разрушения горных пород и соединения строительных конструкций

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2101496C1 (ru) * 1992-01-21 1998-01-10 Инженерно-технический центр "Силовые импульсные системы" при Московском геологоразведочном институте им.Серго Орджоникидзе Устройство для разрушения горных пород
WO2000036364A1 (fr) * 1998-12-14 2000-06-22 Rocktek Ltd. Procede et appareil de chargement d'un trou de forage
RU2301964C2 (ru) * 2004-11-04 2007-06-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Тихоокеанский государственный университет" ГОУ ВПО "ТОГУ" Механическая забойка
RU147959U1 (ru) * 2014-07-08 2014-11-20 Алексей Алмазович Галимьянов Устройство для создания воздушных камер в скважинных зарядах

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113587757A (zh) * 2021-08-06 2021-11-02 安徽理工大学 一种露天大直径炮孔装填乳化炸药的装置及方法

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Publication number Publication date
EA201800543A1 (ru) 2019-03-29
RU2616011C1 (ru) 2017-04-12

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