WO2017179595A1 - Dispositif de climatisation de véhicule - Google Patents

Dispositif de climatisation de véhicule Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017179595A1
WO2017179595A1 PCT/JP2017/014888 JP2017014888W WO2017179595A1 WO 2017179595 A1 WO2017179595 A1 WO 2017179595A1 JP 2017014888 W JP2017014888 W JP 2017014888W WO 2017179595 A1 WO2017179595 A1 WO 2017179595A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
valve
compressor
outdoor
heat exchanger
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PCT/JP2017/014888
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
徹也 石関
泰伸 高野
耕平 山下
竜 宮腰
Original Assignee
サンデン・オートモーティブクライメイトシステム株式会社
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Publication of WO2017179595A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017179595A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat pump type air conditioner that air-conditions the interior of a vehicle, and more particularly to an air conditioner that can be applied to a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle.
  • Hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles have come into widespread use due to the emergence of environmental problems in recent years.
  • a compressor that compresses and discharges the refrigerant
  • a radiator that is provided on the vehicle interior side and dissipates the refrigerant, and is provided on the vehicle interior side.
  • After depressurizing with the outdoor expansion valve after heating in the outdoor heat exchanger, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is dissipated in the radiator and the outdoor heat exchanger, and the radiated refrigerant is depressurized with the indoor expansion valve
  • the dehumidifying heating mode and dehumidifying cooling mode in which heat is absorbed by the heat absorber, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor are radiated in the outdoor heat exchanger, and the radiated refrigerant is decompressed by the indoor expansion valve, and then the heat absorber Which perform switching the cooling mode to heat absorption Te has been developed.
  • an accumulator is provided on the refrigerant suction side of the compressor.
  • the cooling electromagnetic valve is closed, the heating electromagnetic valve is opened, and the refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger is caused to flow to the accumulator.
  • the heating solenoid valve is closed, the cooling solenoid valve is opened, the refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchanger is caused to flow to the indoor expansion valve, and the refrigerant that has passed through the heat absorber is caused to flow to the accumulator.
  • the gas and liquid are separated by temporarily storing the refrigerant, and the gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor so that the liquid return to the compressor is prevented or suppressed.
  • the refrigerant and oil that have flowed out of the compressor and flowed in the refrigerant circuit flow in, and the liquid part of them accumulates in the accumulator and has a low specific gravity.
  • the oil is in a stable state with a layer on the liquid refrigerant and a lid.
  • the heating mode that is executed in an environment where the outside air temperature is low, the amount of liquid refrigerant and oil that exits the outdoor heat exchanger, passes through the heating solenoid valve, flows into the accumulator, and accumulates in the interior is large. Therefore, the oil level (the liquid level in the accumulator) rises to near the outlet of the accumulator.
  • the compressor When the compressor is started in the heating mode in such a state, or when the operation mode is switched from another operation mode (the dehumidifying heating mode, the dehumidifying cooling mode, or the cooling mode) to the heating mode, the refrigerant sucks in the refrigerant.
  • the pressure in the accumulator will drop rapidly.
  • a phenomenon called so-called bumping occurs in which the refrigerant below the oil boils and vaporizes at once, and violently breaks through the upper oil layer. And if this bumping becomes intense, a lot of liquid refrigerant in the accumulator will be pushed out from the outlet, so that excessive liquid return occurs to the compressor, and the reliability of the compressor is impaired by liquid compression become.
  • the present invention has been made in order to solve the conventional technical problem, and when starting the compressor in an operation mode in which the refrigerant is decompressed by the outdoor expansion valve, or in which the refrigerant is decompressed by the indoor expansion valve. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle air conditioner that can prevent or suppress the liquid return to the compressor and the generation of noise in the accumulator that occur when switching from the mode to the operation mode in which the pressure is reduced by the outdoor expansion valve.
  • An air conditioner for a vehicle includes a compressor for compressing a refrigerant, an air flow passage through which air supplied to the vehicle interior flows, and air supplied to the vehicle interior from the air flow passage by dissipating the refrigerant.
  • a valve and a control device
  • the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is dissipated by the radiator, and after the decompressed refrigerant is decompressed by the outdoor expansion valve, the heat is absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the first operation mode in which the refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger flows into the accumulator, and is sucked into the compressor from the accumulator, the first on-off valve is opened, the second on-off valve is closed, and the outdoor Change the second operation mode in which the refrigerant discharged from the heat exchanger is depressurized by the indoor expansion valve and then absorbed by the heat absorber, and the refrigerant discharged from the heat absorber flows into the accumulator and is sucked into the compressor from the accumulator.
  • the control device maintains the valve opening of the outdoor expansion valve at a predetermined large value for a predetermined period after the start. To do.
  • a vehicle air conditioner includes a compressor that compresses a refrigerant, an air flow passage through which air supplied to the vehicle interior flows, and air that radiates the refrigerant and supplies the refrigerant from the air flow passage to the vehicle interior.
  • a valve and a control device
  • the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is dissipated by the radiator, and after the decompressed refrigerant is decompressed by the outdoor expansion valve, the heat is absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the first operation mode in which the refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger flows into the accumulator, and is sucked into the compressor from the accumulator, the first on-off valve is opened, the second on-off valve is closed, and the outdoor Change the second operation mode in which the refrigerant discharged from the heat exchanger is depressurized by the indoor expansion valve and then absorbed by the heat absorber, and the refrigerant discharged from the heat absorber flows into the accumulator and is sucked into the compressor from the accumulator.
  • the control device shifts from the second operation mode to the first operation mode, the control device maintains the valve opening of the outdoor expansion valve at a predetermined large value for a predetermined period after the shift.
  • a vehicle air conditioner includes a bypass pipe for bypassing the radiator and the outdoor expansion valve in each of the above-described inventions and allowing the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to directly flow into the outdoor heat exchanger;
  • a third on-off valve for flowing the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the radiator, a fourth on-off valve for flowing the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the bypass pipe, and supplying the vehicle interior from the air flow passage
  • the first operation mode is a heating mode, and in this heating mode, the third on-off valve is opened, the fourth on-off valve is closed, and the second operation is performed.
  • the third on-off valve and the outdoor expansion valve are closed, and the fourth on-off valve is opened, so that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor flows from the bypass pipe to the outdoor heat exchanger to dissipate heat, and the refrigerant that has dissipated heat.
  • a dehumidifying and heating mode in which heat is absorbed by the heater and the auxiliary heating device generates heat, and the third on-off valve is opened and the fourth on-off valve is closed, so that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is heated from the radiator to the outdoor heat.
  • the compressor for compressing the refrigerant, the air flow passage through which the air supplied to the vehicle interior flows, and the air supplied to the vehicle interior from the air flow passage by radiating the refrigerant are heated.
  • An outdoor expansion valve for depressurizing the refrigerant flowing in an indoor expansion valve for depressurizing the refrigerant flowing into the heat absorber, an accumulator connected to the refrigerant suction side of the compressor, and the outdoor heat exchanger
  • the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is radiated by the radiator, the radiated refrigerant is decompressed by the outdoor expansion valve, and then absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the refrigerant discharged from the exchanger flows into the accumulator, and the first operation mode in which the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor from the accumulator, and the first on-off valve is opened and the second on-off valve is closed, so that the refrigerant is discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the control device starts the compressor from the first operation mode, the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve is maintained at a predetermined large value for a predetermined period after the start. Origin of It is possible to suppress the refrigerant in the accumulator decreases sharply when. This prevents a sudden drop in the pressure in the accumulator at the time of starting the compressor.
  • the bumping that occurs when the pressure in the accumulator drops with the oil covering the liquid refrigerant drops with the oil covering the liquid refrigerant.
  • the compressor for compressing the refrigerant, the air flow passage through which the air supplied to the vehicle interior flows, and the air supplied to the vehicle interior from the air flow passage by dissipating the refrigerant are heated.
  • Radiator a heat absorber for absorbing the refrigerant to cool the air supplied from the air flow passage to the vehicle interior, an outdoor heat exchanger provided outside the vehicle compartment, and an outdoor heat exchanger exiting the radiator
  • An outdoor expansion valve for depressurizing the refrigerant flowing in an indoor expansion valve for depressurizing the refrigerant flowing into the heat absorber, an accumulator connected to the refrigerant suction side of the compressor, and the outdoor heat exchanger
  • a first on-off valve for flowing refrigerant to the heat absorber via the indoor expansion valve, a second on-off valve for flowing refrigerant from the outdoor heat exchanger to the accumulator without going through the heat absorber, and control And the control device closes the first on-off valve.
  • the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is radiated by the radiator, the radiated refrigerant is decompressed by the outdoor expansion valve, and then absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the refrigerant discharged from the exchanger flows into the accumulator, and the first operation mode in which the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor from the accumulator, and the first on-off valve is opened and the second on-off valve is closed, so that the refrigerant is discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the control device transitions from the second operation mode to the first operation mode, the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve is maintained at a predetermined large value for a predetermined period after the transition.
  • the dehumidifying heating mode, the dehumidifying cooling mode, the cooling mode, or the maximum cooling mode, which is the second operation mode as in the third aspect of the invention is shifted to the heating mode being the first operation mode, A sudden decrease in the refrigerant is suppressed.
  • the dehumidifying heating mode, the dehumidifying cooling mode, the cooling mode, or the maximum cooling mode which is the second operation mode as in the third aspect of the invention
  • FIG. 1 It is a block diagram of the air conditioning apparatus for vehicles of one Embodiment to which this invention is applied (heating mode, dehumidification heating mode, dehumidification cooling mode, and cooling mode). It is a block diagram of the electric circuit of the controller of the vehicle air conditioner of FIG. It is a block diagram at the time of the MAX cooling mode (maximum cooling mode) of the vehicle air conditioner of FIG. It is a timing chart of each apparatus explaining the example of the bumping prevention control which the controller of FIG. 2 performs when starting a compressor in heating mode. It is a timing chart of each apparatus explaining the example of bumping prevention control which the controller of FIG. 2 performs when it transfers to heating mode from dehumidification heating mode.
  • FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioner 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a vehicle according to an embodiment to which the present invention is applied is an electric vehicle (EV) in which an engine (internal combustion engine) is not mounted, and travels by driving an electric motor for traveling with electric power charged in a battery. Yes (both not shown), the vehicle air conditioner 1 of the present invention is also driven by the power of the battery.
  • EV electric vehicle
  • an engine internal combustion engine
  • the vehicle air conditioner 1 of the embodiment performs a heating mode by a heat pump operation using a refrigerant circuit in an electric vehicle that cannot be heated by engine waste heat, and further includes a dehumidifying heating mode, a dehumidifying cooling mode, a cooling mode, Each operation mode of the MAX cooling mode (maximum cooling mode) is selectively executed.
  • the present invention is effective not only for electric vehicles but also for so-called hybrid vehicles that use an engine and an electric motor for traveling, and is also applicable to ordinary vehicles that run on an engine. Needless to say.
  • the vehicle air conditioner 1 performs air conditioning (heating, cooling, dehumidification, and ventilation) in a vehicle interior of an electric vehicle, and includes an electric compressor 2 that compresses refrigerant and vehicle interior air. Is provided in the air flow passage 3 of the HVAC unit 10 through which air is circulated, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 flows in through the refrigerant pipe 13G, and dissipates the refrigerant into the vehicle compartment.
  • an outdoor expansion valve 6 comprising an electric valve that decompresses and expands the refrigerant during heating, and functions as a radiator during cooling and functions as a radiator during heating, and exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the outside air so as to function as an evaporator during heating.
  • An outdoor heat exchanger 7 that performs the above operation, an indoor expansion valve 8 that is an electric valve that decompresses and expands the refrigerant, and a heat absorber 9 that is provided in the air flow passage 3 and absorbs heat from outside the vehicle interior to the refrigerant during cooling and dehumidification.
  • And accumulator 12 etc. Are sequentially connected by a refrigerant pipe 13, the refrigerant circuit R is formed.
  • the refrigerant circuit R is filled with a predetermined amount of refrigerant and lubricating oil.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is provided with an outdoor blower 15.
  • the outdoor blower 15 exchanges heat between the outside air and the refrigerant by forcibly passing outside air through the outdoor heat exchanger 7, so that the outdoor air blower 15 can also be used outdoors even when the vehicle is stopped (that is, the vehicle speed is 0 km / h). It is comprised so that external air may be ventilated by the heat exchanger 7.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 7 has a receiver dryer section 14 and a supercooling section 16 sequentially on the downstream side of the refrigerant, and the refrigerant pipe 13A exiting from the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is opened by an electromagnetic valve 17 (first valve).
  • the refrigerant pipe 13 ⁇ / b> B on the outlet side of the supercooling section 16 is connected to the inlet side of the heat absorber 9 via the indoor expansion valve 8.
  • the receiver dryer part 14 and the supercooling part 16 structurally constitute a part of the outdoor heat exchanger 7.
  • the refrigerant pipe 13B between the subcooling section 16 and the indoor expansion valve 8 is provided in a heat exchange relationship with the refrigerant pipe 13C on the outlet side of the heat absorber 9, and constitutes an internal heat exchanger 19 together.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the indoor expansion valve 8 through the refrigerant pipe 13B is cooled (supercooled) by the low-temperature refrigerant that has exited the heat absorber 9.
  • the refrigerant pipe 13A exiting from the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is branched into a refrigerant pipe 13D, and this branched refrigerant pipe 13D is internally connected via an electromagnetic valve 21 (second on-off valve) that is opened during heating.
  • the refrigerant pipe 13 ⁇ / b> C is connected in communication with the downstream side of the heat exchanger 19.
  • the refrigerant pipe 13 ⁇ / b> C is connected to the accumulator 12, and the accumulator 12 is connected to the refrigerant suction side of the compressor 2.
  • the refrigerant pipe 13E on the outlet side of the radiator 4 is connected to the inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 via the outdoor expansion valve 6.
  • An electromagnetic valve 30 (third on-off valve) that is closed during dehumidifying heating and MAX cooling described later is interposed in the refrigerant pipe 13G between the discharge side of the compressor 2 and the inlet side of the radiator 4.
  • the refrigerant pipe 13G is branched into a bypass pipe 35 on the upstream side of the electromagnetic valve 30, and the bypass pipe 35 is connected via an electromagnetic valve 40 (fourth on-off valve) that is opened during dehumidifying heating and MAX cooling.
  • the refrigerant pipe 13E on the downstream side of the outdoor expansion valve 6 is connected in communication.
  • Bypass pipe 45, solenoid valve 30 and solenoid valve 40 constitute bypass device 45.
  • the bypass device 45 is configured by the bypass pipe 35, the electromagnetic valve 30, and the electromagnetic valve 40, the dehumidifying heating mode or the MAX for allowing the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 to directly flow into the outdoor heat exchanger 7 as will be described later. Switching between the cooling mode and the heating mode in which the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 flows into the radiator 4, the dehumidifying cooling mode, and the cooling mode can be performed smoothly.
  • the air flow passage 3 on the air upstream side of the heat absorber 9 is formed with each of an outside air inlet and an inside air inlet (represented by the inlet 25 in FIG. 1).
  • a suction switching damper 26 for switching the air introduced into the air flow passage 3 between the inside air (inside air circulation mode) which is air inside the passenger compartment and the outside air (outside air introduction mode) which is outside the passenger compartment.
  • an indoor blower (blower fan) 27 for supplying the introduced inside air or outside air to the air flow passage 3 is provided on the air downstream side of the suction switching damper 26.
  • 23 is an auxiliary heater as an auxiliary heating device provided in the vehicle air conditioner 1 of the embodiment.
  • the auxiliary heater 23 of the embodiment is composed of a PTC heater which is an electric heater, and is provided in the air flow passage 3 on the air upstream side of the radiator 4 with respect to the air flow in the air flow passage 3. Yes.
  • the auxiliary heater 23 When the auxiliary heater 23 is energized and generates heat, the air in the air flow passage 3 flowing into the radiator 4 through the heat absorber 9 is heated.
  • the auxiliary heater 23 serves as a so-called heater core, which heats or complements the passenger compartment.
  • air in the air flow passage 3 on the upstream side of the auxiliary heater 23 flows into the air flow passage 3 and assists air (inside air or outside air) in the air flow passage 3 after passing through the heat absorber 9.
  • An air mix damper 28 is provided for adjusting the ratio of ventilation through the heater 23 and the radiator 4.
  • FOOT foot
  • VENT vent
  • DEF (def) outlets represented by the outlet 29 as a representative in FIG.
  • reference numeral 32 denotes a controller (ECU) as a control device composed of a microcomputer which is an example of a computer provided with a processor.
  • the controller 32 detects the outside air temperature (Tam) of the vehicle.
  • the outside air temperature sensor 33 for detecting the outside air humidity
  • the HVAC suction temperature sensor 36 for detecting the temperature of the air sucked into the air flow passage 3 from the suction port 25, and the air (inside air) in the passenger compartment.
  • An inside air temperature sensor 37 that detects the temperature
  • an inside air humidity sensor 38 that detects the humidity of the air in the passenger compartment
  • an indoor CO that detects the carbon dioxide concentration in the passenger compartment 2
  • a concentration sensor 39 a blowout temperature sensor 41 for detecting the temperature of air blown into the vehicle interior from the blowout port 29, a discharge pressure sensor 42 for detecting a discharge refrigerant pressure (discharge pressure Pd) of the compressor 2, and a compressor 2, a discharge temperature sensor 43 that detects the discharge refrigerant temperature 2, a suction pressure sensor 44 that detects the suction refrigerant pressure of the compressor 2, a suction temperature sensor 55 that detects the suction refrigerant temperature of the compressor 2, and the radiator 4
  • a radiator temperature sensor 46 that detects the temperature (the temperature of the air that has passed through the radiator 4 or the temperature of the radiator 4 itself: the radiator temperature TH), and the refrigerant pressure of the radiator 4 (in the radiator 4 or in the radiator) The pressure of the refrigerant immediately after leaving the heater 4
  • a photosensor-type solar radiation sensor 51 For example, a photosensor-type solar radiation sensor 51, a vehicle speed sensor 52 for detecting the moving speed (vehicle speed) of the vehicle, an air-conditioning (air conditioner) operation unit 53 for setting a set temperature and switching of operation modes, Outdoor heat exchanger temperature sensor 54 for detecting the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 (the temperature of the refrigerant immediately after coming out of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 or the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 itself: the outdoor heat exchanger temperature TXO). And an outdoor heat exchanger pressure sensor for detecting the refrigerant pressure of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 (the pressure of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 7 or immediately after coming out of the outdoor heat exchanger 7: outdoor heat exchanger pressure PXO).
  • the input of the controller 32 further includes an auxiliary heater temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the auxiliary heater 23 (the temperature of the air immediately after being heated by the auxiliary heater 23 or the temperature of the auxiliary heater 23 itself: the auxiliary heater temperature Tptc). 50 outputs are also connected.
  • the output of the controller 32 includes the compressor 2, the outdoor blower 15, the indoor blower (blower fan) 27, the suction switching damper 26, the air mix damper 28, the outlet switching damper 31, and the outdoor expansion.
  • the solenoid valve, the indoor expansion valve 8, the auxiliary heater 23, the solenoid valve 30 (for reheating), the solenoid valve 17 (for cooling), the solenoid valve 21 (for heating), and the solenoid valve 40 (for bypass) are connected.
  • the controller 32 controls these based on the output of each sensor, and the setting input in the air-conditioning operation part 53.
  • the controller 32 switches between the operation modes of the heating mode, the dehumidifying heating mode, the dehumidifying cooling mode, the cooling mode, and the MAX cooling mode (maximum cooling mode).
  • the controller 32 switches between the operation modes of the heating mode, the dehumidifying heating mode, the dehumidifying cooling mode, the cooling mode, and the MAX cooling mode (maximum cooling mode).
  • Heating mode When the heating mode is selected by the controller 32 (auto mode) or by the manual operation (manual mode) to the air conditioning operation unit 53, the controller 32 opens the heating electromagnetic valve 21 (second on-off valve) to cool the air.
  • the first electromagnetic valve 17 (first on-off valve) is closed.
  • the reheat solenoid valve 30 is opened, and the bypass solenoid valve 40 is closed.
  • the compressor 2 and each of the blowers 15 and 27 are operated, and the air mix damper 28 is blown out from the indoor blower 27 and passes through the heat absorber 9 as shown by a broken line in FIG. It is assumed that air is passed through the auxiliary heater 23 and the radiator 4.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 flows into the radiator 4 from the refrigerant pipe 13G via the electromagnetic valve 30. Since the air in the airflow passage 3 is passed through the radiator 4, the air in the airflow passage 3 is converted into the high-temperature refrigerant in the radiator 4 (when the auxiliary heater 23 operates, the auxiliary heater 23 and the radiator 4. On the other hand, the refrigerant in the radiator 4 is cooled by being deprived of heat by the air, and is condensed and liquefied. The refrigerant liquefied in the radiator 4 exits the radiator 4 and then reaches the outdoor expansion valve 6 through the refrigerant pipe 13E.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor expansion valve 6 is decompressed there and then flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 7.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 7 evaporates, and pumps up heat from the outside air that is ventilated by traveling or by the outdoor blower 15. That is, the refrigerant circuit R becomes a heat pump.
  • the low-temperature refrigerant exiting the outdoor heat exchanger 7 enters the accumulator 12 from the refrigerant pipe 13C through the refrigerant pipe 13A, the electromagnetic valve 21 and the refrigerant pipe 13D, and is separated into gas and liquid there. Repeated circulation inhaled. That is, the refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger 7 flows to the accumulator 12 without passing through the heat absorber 9.
  • the controller 32 calculates a target radiator pressure PCO (target value of the radiator pressure PCI) from a target radiator temperature TCO (target value of the radiator temperature TH) calculated from a target outlet temperature TAO described later, and this target heat dissipation.
  • the number of revolutions of the compressor 2 is controlled based on the compressor pressure PCO and the refrigerant pressure of the radiator 4 detected by the radiator pressure sensor 47 (radiator pressure PCI; high pressure of the refrigerant circuit R).
  • the controller 32 determines the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 based on the temperature of the radiator 4 (the radiator temperature TH) detected by the radiator temperature sensor 46 and the radiator pressure PCI detected by the radiator pressure sensor 47. And the supercooling degree SC of the refrigerant at the outlet of the radiator 4 is controlled.
  • the auxiliary heater 23 is disposed on the air upstream side of the radiator 4, the air flowing through the air flow passage 3 is vented to the auxiliary heater 23 before the radiator 4.
  • the auxiliary heater 23 is disposed on the air downstream side of the radiator 4
  • the auxiliary heater 23 is configured by a PTC heater as in the embodiment, the temperature of the air flowing into the auxiliary heater 23 is determined by the radiator. 4, the resistance value of the PTC heater increases, the current value also decreases, and the heat generation amount decreases.
  • the controller 32 opens the electromagnetic valve 17 and closes the electromagnetic valve 21. Further, the electromagnetic valve 30 is closed, the electromagnetic valve 40 is opened, and the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 is fully closed. Then, the compressor 2 and each of the blowers 15 and 27 are operated, and the air mix damper 28 is blown out from the indoor blower 27 and passes through the heat absorber 9 as shown by a broken line in FIG. It is assumed that air is passed through the auxiliary heater 23 and the radiator 4.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 to the refrigerant pipe 13G flows into the bypass pipe 35 without going to the radiator 4, passes through the electromagnetic valve 40, and is connected to the refrigerant pipe on the downstream side of the outdoor expansion valve 6. 13E.
  • the outdoor expansion valve 6 since the outdoor expansion valve 6 is fully closed, the refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 7.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is cooled and condensed by running there or by the outside air ventilated by the outdoor blower 15.
  • the refrigerant that has exited the outdoor heat exchanger 7 sequentially flows from the refrigerant pipe 13 ⁇ / b> A through the electromagnetic valve 17 into the receiver dryer unit 14 and the supercooling unit 16.
  • the refrigerant is supercooled.
  • the refrigerant that has exited the supercooling section 16 of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 enters the refrigerant pipe 13 ⁇ / b> B, reaches the indoor expansion valve 8 through the internal heat exchanger 19. After the refrigerant is depressurized by the indoor expansion valve 8, it flows into the heat absorber 9 and evaporates.
  • the air blown out from the indoor blower 27 by the heat absorption action at this time is cooled, and moisture in the air condenses and adheres to the heat absorber 9, so that the air in the air flow passage 3 is cooled, and Dehumidified.
  • the refrigerant evaporated in the heat absorber 9 reaches the accumulator 12 through the refrigerant pipe 13C through the internal heat exchanger 19, and repeats circulation that is sucked into the compressor 2 there through.
  • the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 is fully closed, it is possible to suppress or prevent inconvenience that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 flows backward from the outdoor expansion valve 6 into the radiator 4. It becomes. Thereby, the fall of a refrigerant
  • the air cooled and dehumidified by the heat absorber 9 is further heated in the process of passing through the auxiliary heater 23 and the temperature rises, so that the dehumidifying heating in the passenger compartment is performed.
  • the controller 32 controls the rotational speed of the compressor 2 on the basis of the temperature of the heat absorber 9 (heat absorber temperature Te) detected by the heat absorber temperature sensor 48 and the target heat absorber temperature TEO that is the target value, and the auxiliary heater temperature.
  • auxiliary heater 23 By controlling the energization (heat generation) of the auxiliary heater 23 based on the auxiliary heater temperature Tptc detected by the sensor 50 and the target radiator temperature TCO described above, while appropriately cooling and dehumidifying the air in the heat absorber 9, A decrease in the temperature of the air blown from the outlet 29 into the passenger compartment by heating by the auxiliary heater 23 is accurately prevented. As a result, it is possible to control the temperature to an appropriate heating temperature while dehumidifying the air blown into the vehicle interior, and it is possible to realize comfortable and efficient dehumidification heating in the vehicle interior.
  • the air mix damper 28 is in a state where all the air in the air flow passage 3 is passed through the auxiliary heater 23 and the radiator 4, so that the air passing through the heat absorber 9 is efficiently assisted. Heating by the heater 23 can improve the energy saving performance, and the controllability of the dehumidifying heating air conditioning can also be improved.
  • the auxiliary heater 23 is disposed on the air upstream side of the radiator 4, the air heated by the auxiliary heater 23 passes through the radiator 4. In this dehumidifying heating mode, the refrigerant is supplied to the radiator 4. Therefore, the disadvantage that the radiator 4 absorbs heat from the air heated by the auxiliary heater 23 is also eliminated.
  • the controller 32 opens the electromagnetic valve 17 and closes the electromagnetic valve 21. Further, the electromagnetic valve 30 is opened and the electromagnetic valve 40 is closed. Then, the compressor 2 and each of the blowers 15 and 27 are operated, and the air mix damper 28 is blown out from the indoor blower 27 and passes through the heat absorber 9 as shown by a broken line in FIG. It is assumed that air is passed through the auxiliary heater 23 and the radiator 4.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 flows into the radiator 4 from the refrigerant pipe 13G via the electromagnetic valve 30. Since the air in the air flow passage 3 is passed through the radiator 4, the air in the air flow passage 3 is heated by the high-temperature refrigerant in the radiator 4, while the refrigerant in the radiator 4 heats the air. It is deprived and cooled, and condensates.
  • the refrigerant that has exited the radiator 4 reaches the outdoor expansion valve 6 through the refrigerant pipe 13E, and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 7 through the outdoor expansion valve 6 that is controlled to open.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is cooled and condensed by running there or by the outside air ventilated by the outdoor blower 15.
  • the refrigerant that has exited the outdoor heat exchanger 7 sequentially flows from the refrigerant pipe 13 ⁇ / b> A through the electromagnetic valve 17 into the receiver dryer unit 14 and the supercooling unit 16. Here, the refrigerant is supercooled.
  • the refrigerant that has exited the supercooling section 16 of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 enters the refrigerant pipe 13 ⁇ / b> B, reaches the indoor expansion valve 8 through the internal heat exchanger 19. After the refrigerant is depressurized by the indoor expansion valve 8, it flows into the heat absorber 9 and evaporates.
  • the air Since the moisture in the air blown out from the indoor blower 27 by the heat absorption action at this time condenses and adheres to the heat absorber 9, the air is cooled and dehumidified.
  • the refrigerant evaporated in the heat absorber 9 reaches the accumulator 12 through the refrigerant pipe 13C through the internal heat exchanger 19, and repeats circulation that is sucked into the compressor 2 there through.
  • the controller 32 does not energize the auxiliary heater 23, so the air cooled by the heat absorber 9 is reheated in the process of passing through the radiator 4 (the heat dissipation capability is lower than that during heating). The As a result, dehumidifying and cooling in the passenger compartment is performed.
  • the controller 32 controls the rotational speed of the compressor 2 based on the temperature of the heat absorber 9 (heat absorber temperature Te) detected by the heat absorber temperature sensor 48, and also uses the outdoor expansion valve based on the high pressure of the refrigerant circuit R described above. 6 is controlled to control the refrigerant pressure of the radiator 4 (radiator pressure PCI).
  • Cooling mode second operation mode
  • the controller 32 fully opens the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 in the dehumidifying and cooling mode.
  • the controller 32 controls the air mix damper 28, and the air in the air flow passage 3 after being blown out from the indoor blower 27 and passing through the heat absorber 9 as shown by a solid line in FIG. The rate of ventilation through the vessel 4 is adjusted.
  • the controller 32 does not energize the auxiliary heater 23.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 flows into the radiator 4 from the refrigerant pipe 13G via the electromagnetic valve 30, and the refrigerant exiting the radiator 4 passes through the refrigerant pipe 13E and the outdoor expansion valve 6.
  • the outdoor expansion valve 6 since the outdoor expansion valve 6 is fully opened, the refrigerant passes through it and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 7 as it is, where it is cooled by air or by outside air that is ventilated by the outdoor blower 15 and condensed. Liquefaction.
  • the refrigerant that has exited the outdoor heat exchanger 7 sequentially flows from the refrigerant pipe 13 ⁇ / b> A through the electromagnetic valve 17 into the receiver dryer unit 14 and the supercooling unit 16. Here, the refrigerant is supercooled.
  • the refrigerant that has exited the supercooling section 16 of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 enters the refrigerant pipe 13 ⁇ / b> B, reaches the indoor expansion valve 8 through the internal heat exchanger 19. After the refrigerant is depressurized by the indoor expansion valve 8, it flows into the heat absorber 9 and evaporates.
  • the air blown out from the indoor blower 27 by the heat absorption action at this time is cooled. Further, moisture in the air condenses and adheres to the heat absorber 9.
  • the refrigerant evaporated in the heat absorber 9 reaches the accumulator 12 through the refrigerant pipe 13C through the internal heat exchanger 19, and repeats circulation that is sucked into the compressor 2 there through. Since the air cooled and dehumidified by the heat absorber 9 is blown into the vehicle interior from the air outlet 29 (partly passes through the radiator 4 to exchange heat), the vehicle interior is thereby cooled. become.
  • the controller 32 rotates the compressor 2 based on the temperature of the heat absorber 9 (heat absorber temperature Te) detected by the heat absorber temperature sensor 48 and the target heat absorber temperature TEO that is the target value. To control.
  • MAX cooling mode (maximum cooling mode: second operation mode)
  • the controller 32 opens the electromagnetic valve 17 and closes the electromagnetic valve 21. Further, the electromagnetic valve 30 is closed, the electromagnetic valve 40 is opened, and the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 is fully closed. Then, the compressor 2 and the blowers 15 and 27 are operated, and the air mix damper 28 keeps the air in the air flow passage 3 from passing through the auxiliary heater 23 and the radiator 4 as shown in FIG. However, there is no problem even if it is ventilated somewhat. Further, the controller 32 does not energize the auxiliary heater 23.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 to the refrigerant pipe 13G flows into the bypass pipe 35 without going to the radiator 4, passes through the electromagnetic valve 40, and is connected to the refrigerant pipe on the downstream side of the outdoor expansion valve 6. 13E.
  • the outdoor expansion valve 6 since the outdoor expansion valve 6 is fully closed, the refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 7.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is cooled and condensed by running there or by the outside air ventilated by the outdoor blower 15.
  • the refrigerant that has exited the outdoor heat exchanger 7 sequentially flows from the refrigerant pipe 13 ⁇ / b> A through the electromagnetic valve 17 into the receiver dryer unit 14 and the supercooling unit 16.
  • the refrigerant is supercooled.
  • the refrigerant that has exited the supercooling section 16 of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 enters the refrigerant pipe 13 ⁇ / b> B, reaches the indoor expansion valve 8 through the internal heat exchanger 19. After the refrigerant is depressurized by the indoor expansion valve 8, it flows into the heat absorber 9 and evaporates. The air blown out from the indoor blower 27 by the heat absorption action at this time is cooled. In addition, since moisture in the air condenses and adheres to the heat absorber 9, the air in the air flow passage 3 is dehumidified.
  • the refrigerant evaporated in the heat absorber 9 reaches the accumulator 12 through the refrigerant pipe 13C through the internal heat exchanger 19, and repeats circulation that is sucked into the compressor 2 there through.
  • the outdoor expansion valve 6 since the outdoor expansion valve 6 is fully closed, similarly, it is possible to suppress or prevent the disadvantage that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 flows backward from the outdoor expansion valve 6 into the radiator 4. . Thereby, the fall of a refrigerant
  • the high-temperature refrigerant flows through the radiator 4 in the cooling mode described above, direct heat conduction from the radiator 4 to the HVAC unit 10 occurs not a little, but in this MAX cooling mode, the refrigerant flows into the radiator 4. Therefore, the air in the air flow passage 3 from the heat absorber 9 is not heated by the heat transmitted from the radiator 4 to the HVAC unit 10. Therefore, powerful cooling of the passenger compartment is performed, and particularly in an environment where the outside air temperature Tam is high, the passenger compartment can be quickly cooled to realize comfortable air conditioning in the passenger compartment.
  • the controller 32 rotates the compressor 2 based on the temperature of the heat absorber 9 (heat absorber temperature Te) detected by the heat absorber temperature sensor 48 and the target heat absorber temperature TEO that is the target value. Control the number.
  • (6) Switching operation mode The air flowing through the air flow passage 3 is subjected to cooling from the heat absorber 9 and heating action from the heat radiator 4 (and the auxiliary heater 23) (adjusted by the air mix damper 28) in each of the above operation modes. Is blown out into the passenger compartment.
  • the controller 32 is set by the air-conditioning operation unit 53, the outside air temperature Tam detected by the outside air temperature sensor 33, the temperature in the vehicle interior detected by the inside air temperature sensor 37, the blower voltage, the amount of solar radiation detected by the solar radiation sensor 51, and the like.
  • the target blowout temperature TAO is calculated based on the target passenger compartment temperature (set temperature) in the passenger compartment, and the temperature of the air blown from the blowout port 29 is controlled to this target blowout temperature TAO by switching each operation mode.
  • the controller 32 determines whether the outside air temperature Tam, the humidity in the vehicle interior, the target outlet temperature TAO, the radiator temperature TH, the target radiator temperature TCO, the heat absorber temperature Te, the target heat absorber temperature TEO, or the dehumidification request in the vehicle interior. , Etc., based on parameters such as heating mode, dehumidification heating mode, dehumidification heating mode, dehumidification cooling mode, dehumidification cooling mode, cooling mode, cooling mode, MAX cooling mode, MAX cooling mode, cooling mode, and cooling mode, dehumidifying cooling mode The operation mode is switched from the dehumidifying and cooling mode to the dehumidifying and heating mode, and from the dehumidifying and heating mode to the heating mode.
  • the heating mode is switched to the heating mode from the dehumidifying and cooling mode, the cooling mode, and the dehumidifying and cooling mode or the cooling mode.
  • the heating mode, the dehumidifying heating mode, the dehumidifying cooling mode, the cooling mode, and the MAX cooling mode are switched accurately according to the environmental conditions and the necessity of dehumidification.
  • efficient cabin air conditioning is realized.
  • Refrigerant scavenging operation As described above, in the dehumidifying and heating mode, the electromagnetic valve 30 is closed and the outdoor expansion valve 6 is also fully closed so that no refrigerant flows through the radiator 4.
  • the controller 32 performs the refrigerant scavenging operation when switching from the heating mode to the dehumidifying heating mode in the embodiment.
  • the controller 32 closes the electromagnetic valve 21, opens the electromagnetic valve 17 and shifts to the dehumidifying heating mode, and then switches the electromagnetic valve 30 and the electromagnetic valve 40.
  • the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 is expanded (for example, fully opened) for a predetermined time. This state is the same state as the cooling mode.
  • the rotational speed NC of the compressor 2 is kept low (for example, the minimum rotational speed for control).
  • coolant which exists between the electromagnetic valve 30 containing the heat radiator 4 and the outdoor expansion valve 6 is expelled in the direction of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 (scavenging).
  • the electromagnetic valve 30 is closed, the electromagnetic valve 40 is opened, and the outdoor expansion valve 6 is closed toward full closure.
  • the controller 32 shifts to a state in which the rotational speed of the compressor 2 is controlled within the operating range in the dehumidifying and heating mode.
  • Such refrigerant scavenging operation prevents the refrigerant from stagnation in the radiator 4 and ensures the amount of refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit R to prevent the air conditioning performance from deteriorating.
  • Bump prevention control In the accumulator 12 when the compressor 2 is stopped as described above, the refrigerant and oil that have flowed out of the compressor 2 and flowed in the refrigerant circuit R flow in, and the liquid portion of the accumulator 12 12, the oil having a low specific gravity is in a stable state as if a layer is formed on the liquid refrigerant and the lid is covered.
  • the compressor 2 is started in such a heating mode, the refrigerant in the accumulator 12 is sucked by the compressor 2, so that the pressure in the accumulator 12 rapidly decreases and the refrigerant below the oil boils all at once. As a result, vaporization occurs, causing sudden boiling that breaks through the upper oil layer, and excessive liquid return and noise (noise) are generated in the compressor 2.
  • Such bumping occurs in the dehumidifying and heating mode, the dehumidifying and cooling mode, the cooling mode, and the MAX cooling mode (second operating mode) in which the refrigerant that has exited the outdoor heat exchanger 7 flows from the indoor expansion valve 8 toward the heat absorber 9.
  • the controller 32 executes the bumping prevention control described below when starting the compressor 2 in the heating mode, or when switching from the dehumidifying heating mode, the dehumidifying cooling mode, the cooling mode, and the MAX cooling mode to the heating mode.
  • the timing chart of FIG. 4 shows the rotational speed NC of the compressor 2 when starting the compressor 2 in the heating mode, the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6, the states of the electromagnetic valve 17 and the electromagnetic valve 21, and the like. Yes.
  • the controller 32 starts the compressor 2 from the stopped state in the heating mode, first, after closing the electromagnetic valve 17 and opening the electromagnetic valve 21, the valve of the outdoor expansion valve 6 (fully opened during the stop). The opening is changed toward a predetermined valve opening PPS1.
  • This valve opening PPS1 is a predetermined large valve opening.
  • the auxiliary heater 23 starts controlling the operating range in the heating mode. Then, the compressor 2 is activated when the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 reaches the valve opening degree PPS1, and the control state (feed forward + feedback control) in the operation range in the heating mode is shifted. (The rotational speed NC converges to the target value).
  • the controller 32 maintains the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 at PPS1 for a predetermined period (for example, 30 seconds) after the start of the compressor 2, and after the predetermined period has elapsed, the operating range in the heating mode is maintained. Transition to the control state at. This predetermined period is a period of bumping prevention control.
  • the controller 32 when starting the compressor 2 from the heating mode, the controller 32 maintains the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 at a predetermined large value PPS1 for a predetermined period after the start-up. It is suppressed that the refrigerant
  • FIG. As a result, it is possible to prevent a rapid decrease in the pressure in the accumulator 12 at the time of starting the compressor 2, so that when the pressure in the accumulator 12 decreases in a state where the oil covers the liquid refrigerant. Can be prevented or suppressed, and liquid compression in the compressor 2 and noise generation in the accumulator 12 can be effectively eliminated or suppressed.
  • the controller 32 After shifting from the dehumidifying and heating mode to the heating mode, the controller 32 first stops the compressor 2 and opens the outdoor expansion valve 6, and the valve opening degree is set to the valve opening degree PPS ⁇ b> 1, which is the predetermined value of the opening feeling described above. Expand towards. Then, after the outdoor expansion valve 6 reaches the valve opening PPS1, the controller 32 closes the electromagnetic valve 40 and opens the electromagnetic valve 30.
  • the controller 32 starts the compressor 2, closes the solenoid valve 17, opens the solenoid valve 21, and shifts the compressor 2 to the control state (feed forward + feedback control) in the operating range in the heating mode. Go.
  • the controller 32 maintains the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 at the PPS 1 for a predetermined period after the compressor 2 is started (for example, 30 seconds as described above). It shifts to the control state in the operating range.
  • This predetermined period is a period of bumping prevention control.
  • the controller 32 shifts from the dehumidifying / heating mode (second operation mode) to the heating mode (first operation mode)
  • the controller 32 opens the outdoor expansion valve 6 for a predetermined period after the shift.
  • the degree is maintained at a predetermined valve opening PPS1 (a predetermined large value).
  • PPS1 a predetermined large value.
  • the present invention is applied to the vehicle air conditioner 1 that switches and executes each operation mode of the heating mode, the dehumidifying heating mode, the dehumidifying cooling mode, the cooling mode, and the MAX cooling mode.
  • the present invention is also effective when switching between the heating mode and the other operation modes, or a combination thereof.
  • the present invention may be executed when the dehumidifying and cooling mode and mode switching from the cooling mode to the heating mode are performed, and are also effective when the MAX cooling mode can be directly shifted to the heating mode.
  • the switching control of each operation mode shown in the embodiment is not limited thereto, and the outside air temperature Tam, the humidity in the vehicle interior, the target blowing temperature TAO, depending on the capability and usage environment of the vehicle air conditioner, Adopt any one of parameters such as radiator temperature TH, target radiator temperature TCO, heat absorber temperature Te, target heat absorber temperature TEO, presence / absence of dehumidification request in vehicle interior, or a combination thereof, or all of them. Appropriate conditions should be set.
  • the auxiliary heating device is not limited to the auxiliary heater 23 shown in the embodiment, and a heat medium circulation circuit that heats the air in the air flow passage by circulating the heat medium heated by the heater or an engine. You may utilize the heater core etc. which circulate through the heated radiator water.
  • the configuration of the refrigerant circuit R described in each of the above embodiments is not limited thereto, and it is needless to say that the refrigerant circuit R can be changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de climatisation de véhicule pouvant supprimer l'apparition de bruit et le retour de fluide vers un compresseur provoqués par une ébullition soudaine à l'intérieur d'un accumulateur. Un mode chauffage est exécuté, dans lequel, après fermeture d'une vanne électromagnétique 17, une vanne électromagnétique 21 est ouverte, et un fluide frigorigène provenant du compresseur 2 voit sa chaleur dissipée par un radiateur 4 et est décompressé par une vanne d'expansion extérieure 6, le fluide frigorigène est amené à absorber la chaleur par un échangeur de chaleur extérieur 7 et à s'écouler vers l'accumulateur 12. Lorsque le compresseur 2 est démarré dans ce mode chauffage, l'ouverture de vanne de la vanne d'expansion extérieure 6 est maintenue à une valeur élevée prescrite pendant une période prescrite après le démarrage.
PCT/JP2017/014888 2016-04-14 2017-04-05 Dispositif de climatisation de véhicule WO2017179595A1 (fr)

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JP2016-081236 2016-04-14
JP2016081236A JP6754214B2 (ja) 2016-04-14 2016-04-14 車両用空気調和装置

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001027455A (ja) * 1999-05-13 2001-01-30 Denso Corp ヒートポンプ式空調装置
JP2001322421A (ja) * 2000-05-12 2001-11-20 Denso Corp 冷凍サイクル装置
JP2014094671A (ja) * 2012-11-09 2014-05-22 Sanden Corp 車両用空気調和装置

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4096824B2 (ja) * 2003-06-19 2008-06-04 株式会社デンソー 蒸気圧縮式冷凍機

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001027455A (ja) * 1999-05-13 2001-01-30 Denso Corp ヒートポンプ式空調装置
JP2001322421A (ja) * 2000-05-12 2001-11-20 Denso Corp 冷凍サイクル装置
JP2014094671A (ja) * 2012-11-09 2014-05-22 Sanden Corp 車両用空気調和装置

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