WO2017173582A1 - 终端天线和终端 - Google Patents

终端天线和终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017173582A1
WO2017173582A1 PCT/CN2016/078499 CN2016078499W WO2017173582A1 WO 2017173582 A1 WO2017173582 A1 WO 2017173582A1 CN 2016078499 W CN2016078499 W CN 2016078499W WO 2017173582 A1 WO2017173582 A1 WO 2017173582A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
adjustable
terminal antenna
point
main board
terminal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/078499
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
薛亮
余冬
王汉阳
尤佳庆
王磊
赵方超
赵磊
应李俊
张蕊
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP16897517.5A priority Critical patent/EP3419110B1/en
Priority to US16/091,137 priority patent/US20190131716A1/en
Priority to CN201680043206.XA priority patent/CN107851895B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2016/078499 priority patent/WO2017173582A1/zh
Publication of WO2017173582A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017173582A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/328—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors between a radiating element and ground
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/0279—Improving the user comfort or ergonomics
    • H04M1/0283—Improving the user comfort or ergonomics for providing a decorative aspect, e.g. customization of casings, exchangeable faceplate

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a terminal antenna and a terminal.
  • terminals play an increasingly important role in people's daily work and life.
  • Terminal antennas are devices used to receive or transmit signals in terminals.
  • in recent years in order to increase the strength of terminals.
  • Beautiful there are many end product manufacturers who want to add a metal casing to the terminal.
  • the signal inside the terminal cannot be effectively radiated through the terminal antenna, and the terminal antenna cannot effectively receive the signal transmitted by the base station. This makes it impossible to add a metal casing to the terminal.
  • FIG. 1 is a terminal antenna in the prior art. Schematic diagram of the structure, as shown in FIG.
  • the terminal antenna includes a metal casing 1, a main board 2 and a feed point 3, wherein the bottom of the metal casing 1 is provided with a slit 4, and the metal casing 1 is electrically connected to the feed point 3, so that when When a varying current is applied to the feed point, a low frequency resonance for radiating the low frequency signal is formed from the feed point 3 to the first end 40 of the slit, and a high frequency signal is formed from the feed point 3 to the second end 41 of the slit. High frequency resonance.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal antenna and a terminal, which are used to solve the problem that the low frequency signal or the high frequency signal radiated by the terminal antenna is attenuated when the gap on the metal casing of the terminal is covered by the hand in the prior art.
  • the problem of low efficiency of the terminal antenna is not limited to, but not limited to, but not limited to, but not limited to, but not limited to, but not limited to, a terminal antenna, which are used to solve the problem that the low frequency signal or the high frequency signal radiated by the terminal antenna is attenuated when the gap on the metal casing of the terminal is covered by the hand in the prior art.
  • the problem of low efficiency of the terminal antenna is not limited to solve the problem that the low frequency signal or the high frequency signal radiated by the terminal antenna is attenuated when the gap on the metal casing of the terminal is covered by the hand in the prior art.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal antenna, where the terminal antenna includes: a main board, a feeding point disposed on the main board, a metal casing, an adjustable device, and at least two adjustable grounding points, where The main board is located inside the metal casing, the metal casing is electrically connected to the main board, the metal casing is provided with a slit, and the feeding point and the at least two adjustable grounding points are respectively disposed on the main board opposite to the slit, and at least two adjustable connections are provided.
  • the locations are electrically connected to the main board through adjustable devices, so that each adjustable grounding point can be grounded by the adjustable device, so that the first end of the slot of the terminal antenna and the second end of the slot can radiate the same respectively.
  • the signal of the frequency thereby avoiding the problem that the low frequency signal or the high frequency signal radiated by the terminal antenna is abruptly attenuated when the gap on the metal casing of the terminal is covered by the hand in the prior art, thereby causing the problem of low efficiency of the terminal antenna. .
  • the feed point can be a metal piece on the main board.
  • the metal casing is electrically connected to the main board through a capacitor.
  • the capacitor may be a capacitor component or an equivalent capacitor formed between the metal casing and the motherboard.
  • the feed point is electrically connected to the matching circuit on the main board, where the matching circuit is configured to process the transmit signal generated by the transmitter of the terminal where the terminal antenna is located, and provide the feed point to the feed point. In this way, the power of the transmitted signal received by the feed point is maximized.
  • At least two adjustable grounding points are three adjustable grounding points, wherein the first adjustable grounding point is located at one end of the slot, and the second adjustable grounding point and the third adjustable grounding point are located in the slot One end; the second adjustable ground point is between the first adjustable ground point and the third adjustable ground point.
  • the first adjustable ground point is electrically connected to the grounding point on the main board through the first switching circuit; the second adjustable grounding point passes through the second switching circuit and the grounding point on the main board Electrical connection; the third adjustable grounding point is electrically connected to the grounding point on the main board through the third switching circuit, so that the control of the first adjustable grounding point, the second adjustable grounding point, and the third adjustable grounding point can be improved effectiveness.
  • the first switch circuit, the second switch circuit, and the third switch circuit are: a tunable capacitor, or a tunable inductor, or a filter circuit.
  • first switch circuit, the second switch circuit, and the third switch circuit may be adjustable capacitors, or adjustable inductors, or any combination of filter circuits.
  • the feed point is located between the first adjustable ground point and the second adjustable ground point, or the feed point is located at the second adjustable ground point and the third adjustable ground point between.
  • the metal casing is provided with a slit, specifically:
  • Two slits are formed on both sides of the metal casing; or,
  • a U-shaped slit is formed in the metal casing, and both ends of the U-shaped slit extend to both sides of the metal casing;
  • Two slits are formed at the bottom of the metal casing; or,
  • a linear slit is formed in the metal casing, and both ends of the linear slit extend to both sides of the metal casing.
  • the adjustable device is a switch, or a variable capacitor, or a variable inductor, thus improving the control efficiency of the adjustable device to the adjustable ground point.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal, including a terminal antenna provided by any embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal antenna includes: a main board, a feeding point disposed on the main board, a metal casing, an adjustable device, and at least two adjustable grounding points, the main board is located inside the metal casing, and the metal casing is The main board is electrically connected, the metal casing is provided with a slit, and the feeding point and the at least two adjustable grounding points are respectively disposed on the main board opposite to the slit, and at least two adjustable grounding points are respectively electrically connected to the main board through the adjustable device Connecting, such that each adjustable ground point can be grounded by an adjustable device such that the first end of the slot of the terminal antenna and the second end of the slot can respectively radiate signals of the same frequency, thereby avoiding existing In the technology, when the gap on the metal casing of the terminal is covered by the hand, the low frequency signal or the high frequency signal radiated by the terminal antenna is abruptly attenuated, thereby causing the problem that the terminal antenna is inefficient.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a terminal antenna in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a terminal antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a slot setting in a first embodiment of a terminal antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a slot setting in Embodiment 1 of a terminal antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of still another embodiment of a slot setting in Embodiment 1 of a terminal antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram of current distribution of a first resonance when a terminal antenna is in a low frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • 6b is a schematic diagram of current distribution of a second resonance when a terminal antenna is in a low frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • 6c is a schematic diagram of current distribution of a third resonance when a terminal antenna is in a low frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • 6d is a schematic diagram showing current distribution of a fourth resonance when a terminal antenna is in a low frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7a is a schematic diagram of current distribution of a fifth resonance when a terminal antenna is in an intermediate frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7b is a schematic diagram of current distribution of a sixth resonance when a terminal antenna is in an intermediate frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7c is a schematic diagram of current distribution of a seventh resonance when a terminal antenna is in an intermediate frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7d is a schematic diagram showing current distribution of an eighth resonance when a terminal antenna is in an intermediate frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8a is a schematic diagram showing current distribution of a ninth resonance when a terminal antenna is in a high frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8b is a schematic diagram showing a current distribution of a tenth resonance when the terminal antenna is in a high frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8c is a schematic diagram showing current distribution of an eleventh resonance when the terminal antenna is in a high frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Metallization and ultra-thinness are the focus of various terminal manufacturers at home and abroad, but the metallization and ultra-thinness of terminals have brought major technical challenges to the design of terminal antennas.
  • the terminal antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a terminal with a metal casing.
  • the terminal with a metal casing involved in the embodiment of the present invention may be a wireless terminal, and the wireless terminal may be a device that provides voice and/or data connectivity to the user, a handheld device with wireless connection function, or a wireless modem. Other processing equipment.
  • the wireless terminal can communicate with one or more core networks via a radio access network (eg, RAN, Radio Access Network), which can be a mobile terminal, such as a mobile phone (or "cellular" phone) and with a mobile terminal
  • RAN Radio Access Network
  • the computers for example, can be portable, pocket-sized, handheld, computer-integrated or in-vehicle mobile devices that exchange language and/or data with the wireless access network.
  • a wireless terminal may also be called a system, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, an access point, or an access point.
  • Remote Terminal Access Terminal, User Terminal, User Agent, User Device, or User Equipment.
  • the terminal antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention is intended to solve the problem that when the hand covers the gap on the metal casing of the terminal, the low frequency signal or the high frequency signal radiated by the terminal antenna is attenuated, resulting in the terminal antenna. Inefficient problem.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a terminal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal antenna includes a main board 2, a feed point 3 disposed on the main board 2, and a metal casing 1. Not shown) and at least two adjustable ground points.
  • the main board 2 is located inside the metal casing 1, and the metal casing 1 is electrically connected to the main board 2, and the metal casing 1 is provided with a slit 4.
  • the metal casing 1 may be electrically connected to the main board through a capacitor
  • the capacitor may be a capacitor component or an equivalent capacitor formed between the metal casing 1 and the main board 2.
  • gaps formed on the metal casing 1 have the following four specific implementation manners, but are not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a slot arrangement in a first embodiment of a terminal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, two slots 4 are respectively defined on two sides of the metal casing 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a slot arrangement in a first embodiment of the terminal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a U-shaped slot 4 is formed on the metal casing 1, and both ends of the U-shaped slot 4 are formed. It extends to both sides of the metal casing 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of still another embodiment of a slot arrangement in Embodiment 1 of a terminal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, two slots 4 are formed at the bottom of the metal case 1.
  • a linear slit 4 is formed on the metal casing, and a linear slit is formed. Both ends of the 4 extend to both sides of the metal casing 1.
  • the embodiment of the present invention only provides a manner of setting the gaps of several terminal metal casings, but is not limited thereto.
  • the feed point 3 and the at least two adjustable grounding points are respectively disposed on the main board 2 opposite to the slit 4, wherein at least two adjustable grounding points are respectively electrically connected to the main board 2 through an adjustable device, wherein the adjustable The device is used to control whether each adjustable ground point is grounded.
  • the feed point 3 is electrically connected to a feeding circuit (not shown) on the main board 2, and the adjustable grounding point is electrically connected to the grounding point on the main board 2 through the adjustable device.
  • the feeding circuit here is used for processing the transmitting signal generated by the transmitter of the terminal where the terminal antenna is located, and then supplying the signal to the feeding point 3, wherein the feeding circuit can be a matching circuit, so that the transmitting signal received by the feeding point 3 is obtained.
  • the power is the biggest.
  • the adjustable device can be a switch, or a variable capacitor, or a variable inductor.
  • the adjustable device may be a mechanical switch or a switch device composed of a variable capacitor/variable inductor, but is not limited thereto.
  • the adjustable device is a switch
  • the switch when the switch is closed, the adjustable grounding point connected to the adjustable device is grounded
  • the adjustable device if the adjustable device is a variable capacitor, then when it is variable When the capacitance value of the capacitor is greater than a preset threshold, the adjustable ground point connected to the adjustable device is grounded, and when the adjustable device is a variable inductor, less than a preset threshold, the adjustable connection with the adjustable device Ground the ground.
  • the terminal antenna includes: a main board, a feeding point disposed on the main board, a metal casing, an adjustable device, and at least two adjustable grounding points.
  • the main board is located inside the metal casing, and the metal casing is electrically connected to the main board, and the metal a gap is formed in the outer casing, and the feeding point and the at least two adjustable grounding points are respectively disposed on a portion of the main board opposite to the slit, and at least two adjustable grounding points are respectively electrically connected to the main board through the adjustable device, so that Controlling whether each adjustable grounding point is grounded by an adjustable device, so that the first end of the slot of the terminal antenna and the second end of the slot can respectively radiate signals of the same frequency, thereby avoiding the prior art when the hand is covered
  • the gap on the metal casing of the terminal is stored, the low frequency signal or the high frequency signal radiated by the terminal antenna is abruptly attenuated, resulting in a problem of low efficiency of the terminal antenna.
  • the second embodiment of the terminal antenna provided by the present invention when at least two adjustable grounding points are three adjustable grounding points, wherein the first adjustable grounding point 5 is located at one end of the slot, and the second adjustable ground point 6 and the third adjustable ground point 7 are located at the other end of the slot.
  • the second adjustable ground point 6 is located between the first adjustable ground point 5 and the third adjustable ground point 7.
  • the first adjustable ground point, the second adjustable ground point, and the third adjustable ground point may be controlled to be grounded, so that the first end of the slot of the terminal antenna and the second end of the slot may be respectively radiated Signals of the same frequency.
  • the number of the adjustable grounding points and the position can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific conditions of the terminal.
  • the main purpose is that the first end of the slot of the terminal antenna and the second end of the slot can be separately radiated. Signals of the same frequency.
  • the first adjustable ground point 5 is electrically connected to a ground point on the main board through a first switching circuit (not shown).
  • the second adjustable ground point 6 is electrically connected to a ground point on the main board 2 through a second switching circuit (not shown).
  • the third adjustable ground point 7 is electrically connected to a ground point on the main board 2 through a third switching circuit (not shown).
  • the feed point 3 is located between the first adjustable ground point 5 and the second adjustable ground point 6, or the feed point 3 is located between the second adjustable ground point 6 and the third adjustable ground point 7.
  • the first switch circuit, the second switch circuit, and the third switch circuit are: a tunable capacitor, or a tunable inductor, or a filter circuit.
  • the above filter circuit can be composed of an inductor and a capacitor in series.
  • a low-pass filter, a band-pass filter, and a high-pass filter can be formed by setting different inductance values and capacitance values, for example, when When the terminal antenna works in the low frequency state, the first switch is required to control the first grounding point to be disconnected. At this time, the first switch can be implemented by a high-pass filter.
  • the first adjustable grounding point is electrically connected to the grounding point on the main board through the first switching circuit
  • the second adjustable grounding point is electrically connected to the grounding point on the main board through the second switching circuit
  • the third adjustable The grounding point is electrically connected to the grounding point on the main board through the third switching circuit
  • the first switching circuit, the second switching circuit, and the third switching circuit are: a tunable capacitor, or a tunable inductor, or a filter circuit. This can improve the control efficiency of the first adjustable ground point, the second adjustable ground point, and the third adjustable ground point.
  • the first switch circuit, the second switch circuit, and the third open are respectively adjusted
  • the state of the off circuit controls whether the first adjustable ground point 5, the second adjustable ground point 6 and the third adjustable ground point 7 are grounded respectively, so that the terminal antennas are in different working states, wherein the terminal antennas have three different types.
  • the working state is the low frequency state, the medium frequency state and the high frequency state.
  • the terminal antenna When the terminal antenna needs to use low frequency to transmit data, the terminal antenna needs to work in a low frequency state. At this time, the terminal antenna adjusts the states of the first switch circuit, the second switch circuit, and the third switch circuit respectively to control the first adjustable ground point. 5 disconnected, the second adjustable ground point 6 is grounded and the third adjustable ground point 7 is disconnected.
  • the working principle of the terminal antenna in the low frequency state is explained in detail below by the current distribution diagram when the terminal antenna is in the low frequency state.
  • FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram of current distribution of a first resonance when a terminal antenna is in a low frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the first adjustable ground point 5 when the first adjustable ground point 5 is disconnected, the second adjustable ground point 6 is grounded, and
  • the third adjustable ground point 7 is disconnected, that is, when the terminal antenna is in a low frequency state, the first adjustable ground point 6 and the first end 40 of the slot form a first wavelength of about a quarter wavelength with a center frequency of 0.915 GHz.
  • Resonance 100 wherein the first resonance 101 is a low frequency resonance.
  • FIG. 6b is a schematic diagram of current distribution of a second resonance when the terminal antenna is in a low frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the first adjustable ground point 5 when the first adjustable ground point 5 is disconnected, the second adjustable ground point 6 is grounded, and
  • the third adjustable ground point 7 is disconnected, that is, when the terminal antenna is in a low frequency state, a second resonance of about one-half wavelength with a center frequency of 1.68 GHz is formed at the second end 41 of the slit and the first end 40 of the slit. 102, wherein the second resonance 102 is a high frequency resonance.
  • FIG. 6c is a schematic diagram of current distribution of a third resonance when the terminal antenna is in a low frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the first adjustable ground point 5 when the first adjustable ground point 5 is disconnected, the second adjustable ground point 6 is grounded, and
  • the third adjustable ground point 7 is disconnected, that is, when the terminal antenna is in a low frequency state, a third resonance 103 of about a quarter wavelength with a center frequency of 2 GHz is formed at the feed point 3 and the second end 41 of the slit, wherein
  • the third resonance 103 is a high frequency resonance.
  • FIG. 6d is a schematic diagram showing current distribution of a fourth resonance when the terminal antenna is in a low frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6d, when the first adjustable ground point 5 is disconnected, the second adjustable ground point 6 is grounded, and When the third adjustable ground point 7 is disconnected, that is, when the terminal antenna is in a low frequency state, a fourth resonance 104 of about three-quarter wavelengths with a center frequency of 2.9 GHz is formed at the feed point 3 and the first end 40 of the slit, wherein The fourth resonance is a high frequency resonance 104.
  • the terminal antenna when the terminal antenna is in a low frequency state, the energy of the first resonance 101 is the strongest.
  • the energy of the second resonance 102, the third resonance 103, and the fourth resonance 104 is weak, and therefore, the terminal antenna in the low frequency state operates at the first resonance 101. Since only the first end 40 of the slot produces low frequency resonance, when the terminal antenna is used by the left or right hand, the efficiency of the antenna is still drastically lowered.
  • the simulation results of the embodiments of the present invention prove that when the terminal antenna is placed in a free space state, the efficiency of the terminal antenna is higher than that of the left or right hand using the terminal antenna, when the right antenna uses the terminal antenna, and the antenna operates in the low frequency band.
  • the antenna has the lowest efficiency and the antenna has the largest reflection coefficient.
  • the terminal antenna When the terminal antenna needs to use the intermediate frequency to transmit data, the terminal antenna needs to work in the intermediate frequency state. At this time, the terminal antenna adjusts the states of the first switch circuit, the second switch circuit, and the third switch circuit respectively to control the first adjustable ground point. 5 grounding, second adjustable grounding point 6 grounding and third adjustable grounding point 7 are disconnected.
  • the working principle of the terminal antenna in the intermediate frequency state is described in detail below by the current distribution diagram when the terminal antenna is in the intermediate frequency state.
  • FIG. 7a is a schematic diagram showing a current distribution of a fifth resonance of a terminal antenna in an intermediate frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the first adjustable ground point 5 when the first adjustable ground point 5 is grounded, the second adjustable ground point 6 is grounded, and When the three adjustable grounding points 7 are disconnected, that is, when the terminal antenna is in the intermediate frequency state, the first adjustable grounding point 5 and the first end 40 of the slit form a fifth resonance of about a quarter wavelength with a center frequency of 1.48 GHz.
  • the fifth resonance 201 is an intermediate frequency resonance.
  • FIG. 7b is a schematic diagram of a current distribution of a sixth resonance when the terminal antenna is in an intermediate frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the sixth resonance 202 of about one-half wavelength with a center frequency of 1.76 GHz is formed at the second end 41 of the slit and the first end 40 of the slit.
  • the sixth resonance 202 is an intermediate frequency resonance.
  • FIG. 7c is a schematic diagram of current distribution of a seventh resonance when the terminal antenna is in an intermediate frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the seventh resonance 203 of about a quarter wavelength is formed at the feeding end 3 and the second end 41 of the slit with a center frequency of 2.08 GHz.
  • the seventh resonance 203 is an intermediate frequency resonance.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a current distribution of an eighth resonance of a terminal antenna in an intermediate frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the eighth resonance is a high frequency resonance 204.
  • the fifth resonance 201 and the seventh resonance 203 both excite the frequency band 1710-2170 MHz, and the fifth resonance 201 is at the first adjustable ground point 5 and the first end of the slot. Formed by 40, the seventh resonance 203 is formed at the feed point 3 and the second end 41 of the slit. Therefore, when the terminal antenna is used by the left or right hand, the efficiency of the terminal antenna operating in the middle frequency band does not drastically decrease, and the terminal antenna remains Can work normally.
  • the simulation results of the embodiments of the present invention prove that when the terminal antenna is placed in a free space state, the efficiency of the terminal antenna is higher than that of the left or right hand using the terminal antenna, and when the right antenna or the left hand uses the terminal antenna, and the antenna works in the middle In the frequency band, the efficiency and reflection coefficient of the antenna are close.
  • the terminal antenna When the terminal antenna needs to use high frequency transmission data, the terminal antenna needs to work in the intermediate frequency state. At this time, the terminal antenna adjusts the states of the first switch circuit, the second switch circuit, and the third switch circuit respectively to control the first adjustable connection.
  • the location 5 is disconnected, the second adjustable ground point 6 is grounded, and the third adjustable ground point 7 is grounded.
  • the working principle of the terminal antenna in the high frequency state is explained in detail below by the current distribution diagram when the terminal antenna is in the high frequency state.
  • FIG. 8a is a schematic diagram of current distribution of a ninth resonance when the terminal antenna is in a high frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the first adjustable ground point 5 is disconnected, the second adjustable ground point 6 is grounded, and
  • the third adjustable grounding point 7 is grounded, that is, when the terminal antenna is in a high frequency state, a ninth resonance of about one-half wavelength with a center frequency of 1.6933 GHz is formed at the second end 41 of the slit and the first end 40 of the slit.
  • the ninth resonance 301 is an intermediate frequency resonance.
  • FIG. 8b is a schematic diagram showing a current distribution of a tenth resonance when the terminal antenna is in a high frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the first adjustable ground point 5 is disconnected
  • the second adjustable ground point 6 is grounded
  • the third adjustable ground point 7 is grounded, that is, when the terminal antenna is in a high frequency state
  • a tenth resonance 302 of about three-quarters of a wavelength centering on the center frequency of 2.5186 GHz is formed at the feed point 3 and the first end 40 of the slit, wherein
  • the tenth resonance 302 is a high frequency resonance.
  • FIG. 8c is a schematic diagram showing current distribution of an eleventh resonance when the terminal antenna is in a high frequency state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the first adjustable ground point 5 is disconnected, and the second adjustable ground point 6 is grounded.
  • the third adjustable ground point 7 is grounded, that is, when the terminal antenna is in a high frequency state, at the feed point 3 and the gap
  • the second end 41 forms an eleventh resonance 303 of about a quarter wavelength with a center frequency of 2.6301 GHz, wherein the eleventh resonance 303 is a high frequency resonance.
  • the tenth resonance 302 and the eleventh resonance 303 both excite the frequency band of 2.5-2.7 GHz, and the tenth resonance 302 is at the feed point 3 and the first end of the slot 40. Formed, the eleventh resonance 303 is formed at the feed point 3 and the second end 41 of the slit. Therefore, when the terminal antenna is used by the left or right hand, the efficiency of the terminal antenna in the high frequency band does not drop sharply, and the terminal antenna is still normal. jobs.
  • the simulation results of the embodiments of the present invention prove that when the terminal antenna is placed in a free space state, the efficiency of the terminal antenna is higher than that of the left or right hand using the terminal antenna, and when the terminal antenna is used by the right hand or the left hand, the efficiency and reflection of the antenna are used.
  • the coefficients are close.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, including the terminal antenna provided by any embodiment of the present invention.

Abstract

本发明提供一种终端天线和终端，该终端天线包括主板、设置在主板上的馈点、金属外壳、可调装置和至少两个可调接地点；其中，主板位于金属外壳内侧，金属外壳与主板电连接，金属外壳上开设有缝隙；馈点和至少两个可调接地点分别设置在主板上与缝隙相对的部分；至少两个可调接地点分别通过可调装置与主板电连接，可调装置用于控制每个可调接地点是否接地。在本发明实施例中，通过可调装置控制每个可调节点是否接地，使得该终端天线的缝隙的第一末端和缝隙的第二末端可以分别辐射出相同的频率的信号，从而避免了现有技术中当手遮住金属外壳上的缝隙时，会造成该终端天线辐射出的低频信号或者高频信号急剧衰减，从而导致终端天线的效率低下的问题。

Description

终端天线和终端 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种终端天线和终端。
背景技术
随着无线通信技术的快速发展，终端在人们的日常工作和生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色，终端天线是终端中用于接收或者发送信号的设备，近年来，为了增加终端的强度和美观，有很多终端产品生产厂商想给终端加上金属外壳，但是，由于加了金属外壳后，终端内部的信号不能有效的通过终端天线辐射出去，且终端天线也不能有效的接收基站发送的信号，使得终端无法加金属外壳。
现有技术中，为了解决上述问题，在安装有金属外壳的终端中，通常在终端的金属外壳上开缝，开缝后的金属外壳作为终端天线的一部分，图1为现有技术中终端天线的结构示意图，如图1所示，终端天线包括金属外壳1，主板2和馈点3，其中，金属外壳1的底部开设有缝隙4，且金属外壳1与馈点3电连接，这样，当在馈点处加上变化的电流时，从馈点3到缝隙的第一末端40形成用于辐射低频信号的低频谐振，从馈点3到缝隙的第二末端41形成用于辐射高频信号的高频谐振。
但是，采用现有技术，当手遮住终端的金属外壳上的缝隙时，会造成该终端天线辐射出的低频信号或者高频信号急剧衰减，从而降低了终端天线的效率。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种终端天线和终端，用于解决现有技术中当手遮住终端的金属外壳上的缝隙时，会造成该终端天线辐射出的低频信号或者高频信号急剧衰减，导致终端天线效率低下的问题。
第一方面，本发明实施例提供一种终端天线，该终端天线包括：主板、设置在主板上的馈点、金属外壳、可调装置和至少两个可调接地点，其中， 主板位于金属外壳内侧，金属外壳与主板电连接，金属外壳上开设有缝隙，且馈点和至少两个可调接地点分别设置在主板上与缝隙相对的部分，此外，至少两个可调接地点分别通过可调装置与主板电连接，这样，可以通过可调装置控制每个可调接地点是否接地，使得该终端天线的缝隙的第一末端和缝隙的第二末端可以分别辐射出相同的频率的信号，从而避免了现有技术中当手遮住终端的金属外壳上的缝隙时，会造成该终端天线辐射出的低频信号或者高频信号急剧衰减，从而导致终端天线的效率低下的问题。
其中，馈点可以主板上的金属片。
进一步地，在上述实施例的基础上，金属外壳通过电容与主板电连接。
需要说明的是，该电容可以是电容器件，也可以是金属外壳和主板之间形成的等效电容。
进一步地，在上述任一实施例的基础上，馈点与主板上的匹配电路电连接，此处的匹配电路用于将终端天线所在的终端的发射机生成的发射信号处理后提供给馈点，这样，使得馈点接收到的发射信号的功率最大。
可选地，至少两个可调接地点为3个可调接地点时，其中，第一可调接地点位于缝隙的一端，第二可调接地点和第三可调接地点位于缝隙的另一端；第二可调接地点位于第一可调接地点与第三可调接地点之间。
进一步地，在上述任一实施例的基础上，第一可调接地点通过第一开关电路与主板上的接地点电连接；第二可调接地点通过第二开关电路与主板上的接地点电连接；第三可调接地点通过第三开关电路与主板上的接地点电连接，这样，可以提高对第一可调节接地点、第二可调接地点以及第三可调接地点的控制效率。
可选地，第一开关电路、第二开关电路、以及第三开关电路为：可调电容，或者，可调电感，或者，滤波电路。
需要说明的是，第一开关电路、第二开关电路、以及第三开关电路可以为可调电容，或者，可调电感，或者，滤波电路的任意组合。
进一步地，在上述任一实施例的基础上，馈点位于第一可调接地点和第二可调接地点之间，或者，馈点位于第二可调接地点和第三可调接地点之间。
可选地，金属外壳上开设有缝隙，具体为：
金属外壳的两侧分别开设两个缝隙；或者，
金属外壳上开设U型缝隙，U型缝隙的两端部延伸至金属外壳的两侧；或者，
金属外壳底部开设两个缝隙；或者，
金属外壳上开设直线型缝隙，直线型缝隙的两端部延伸至金属外壳的两侧。
需要说明的是，终端的金属外壳上的缝隙的设置方式不限于上述四种设置方式。
可选地，可调装置为开关，或者，可变电容，或者，可变电感，这样，提高了可调装置对可调接地点的控制效率。
第二方面，本发明实施例提供一种终端，包括本发明任意实施例提供的终端天线。
本发明实施例提供的终端天线和终端中，终端天线包括：主板、设置在主板上的馈点、金属外壳、可调装置和至少两个可调接地点，主板位于金属外壳内侧，金属外壳与主板电连接，金属外壳上开设有缝隙，且馈点和至少两个可调接地点分别设置在主板上与缝隙相对的部分，此外，至少两个可调接地点分别通过可调装置与主板电连接，这样，可以通过可调装置控制每个可调接地点是否接地，使得该终端天线的缝隙的第一末端和缝隙的第二末端可以分别辐射出相同的频率的信号，从而避免了现有技术中当手遮住终端的金属外壳上的缝隙时，会造成该终端天线辐射出的低频信号或者高频信号急剧衰减，从而导致终端天线的效率低下的问题。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术中终端天线的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的终端天线实施例一的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的终端天线实施例一中缝隙设置的一实施例的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的终端天线实施例一中缝隙设置的另一实施例的结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的终端天线实施例一中缝隙设置的又一实施例的结构示意图；
图6a为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于低频态时第一谐振的电流分布示意图；
图6b为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于低频态时第二谐振的电流分布示意图；
图6c为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于低频态时第三谐振的电流分布示意图；
图6d为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于低频态时第四谐振的电流分布示意图；
图7a为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于中频态时第五谐振的电流分布示意图；
图7b为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于中频态时第六谐振的电流分布示意图；
图7c为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于中频态时第七谐振的电流分布示意图；
图7d为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于中频态时第八谐振的电流分布示意图；
图8a为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于高频态时第九谐振的电流分布示意图；
图8b为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于高频态时第十谐振的电流分布示意图；
图8c为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于高频态时第十一谐振的电流分布示意图。
附图标记说明：
1：金属外壳；
2：主板；
3：馈点；
4：缝隙；
5：第一可调接地点；
6：第二可调接地点；
7：第三可调接地点；
40：缝隙的第一末端；
41：缝隙的第二末端；
101：第一谐振；
102：第二谐振；
103：第三谐振；
104：第四谐振；
201：第五谐振；
202：第六谐振；
203：第七谐振；
204：第八谐振；
301：第九谐振；
302：第十谐振；
303：第十一谐振。
具体实施方式
金属化、超薄化是国内外各终端生产厂商追逐的焦点，但是终端的金属化、超薄化给终端天线的设计带来了重大技术挑战。
本发明实施例提供的终端天线，可以适用于带金属外壳的终端。
本发明实施例中涉及的带金属外壳的终端，可以是无线终端，无线终端可以是指向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备，具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、或连接到无线调制解调器的其他处理设备。无线终端可以经无线接入网(例如，RAN，Radio Access Network)与一个或多个核心网进行通信，无线终端可以是移动终端，如移动电话(或称为“蜂窝”电话)和具有移动终端的计算机，例如，可以是便携式、袖珍式、手持式、计算机内置的或者车载的移动装置，它们与无线接入网交换语言和/或数据。例如，个人通信业务(PCS，Personal Communication Service)电话、无绳电话、会话发起协议(SIP) 话机、无线本地环路(WLL，Wireless Local Loop)站、个人数字助理(PDA，Personal Digital Assistant)等设备。无线终端也可以称为系统、订户单元(Subscriber Unit)、订户站(Subscriber Station)，移动站(Mobile Station)、移动台(Mobile)、远程站(Remote Station)、接入点(Access Point)、远程终端(Remote Terminal)、接入终端(Access Terminal)、用户终端(User Terminal)、用户代理(User Agent)、用户设备(User Device)、或用户装备(User Equipment)。
本发明实施例所涉及的终端天线，旨在解决现有技术中当手遮住终端的金属外壳上的缝隙时，会造成该终端天线辐射出的低频信号或者高频信号急剧衰减，导致终端天线效率低下的问题。
下面以具体地实施例对本发明的技术方案以及本发明的技术方案如何解决上述技术问题进行详细说明。下面这几个具体的实施例可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例中不再赘述。
图2为本发明实施例提供的终端天线实施例一的结构示意图，如图2所示，该终端天线包括主板2、设置在主板2上的馈点3、金属外壳1、可调装置(图中未示出)和至少两个可调接地点。
其中，主板2位于金属外壳1内侧，金属外壳1与主板2电连接，金属外壳1上开设有缝隙4。
在本实施例中，具体地，金属外壳1可以通过电容与主板电连接，该电容可以是电容器件，也可以是金属外壳1和主板2之间形成的等效电容。
此外，金属外壳1上开设的缝隙有以下四种具体的实现方式，但并不以此为限。
图3为本发明实施例提供的终端天线实施例一中缝隙设置的一实施例的结构示意图，如图3所示，金属外壳1的两侧分别开设两个缝隙4。
图4为本发明实施例提供的终端天线实施例一中缝隙设置的另一实施例的结构示意图，如图4所示，金属外壳1上开设U型缝隙4，U型缝隙4的两端部延伸至金属外壳1的两侧。
图5为本发明实施例提供的终端天线实施例一中缝隙设置的又一实施例的结构示意图，如图5所示，金属外壳1底部开设两个缝隙4。
继续参照图2，如图2所示，金属外壳上开设直线型缝隙4，直线型缝隙 4的两端部延伸至金属外壳1的两侧。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例仅仅给出了几种终端金属外壳缝隙的设置方式，但并不以此为限。
此外，馈点3和至少两个可调接地点分别设置在主板2上与缝隙4相对的部分，其中，至少两个可调接地点分别通过可调装置与主板2电连接，其中，可调装置用于控制每个可调接地点是否接地。
在本实施例中，具体的，馈点3与主板2上的馈电电路(图中未示出)电连接，可调接地点通过可调装置与主板2上的接地点电连接。此处的馈电电路用于将终端天线所在的终端的发射机生成的发射信号处理后提供给馈点3，其中，馈电电路可以是匹配电路，这样，使得馈点3接收到的发射信号的功率最大。
另外，可调装置可以为开关，或者，可变电容，或者，可变电感。
需要说明的是，可调装置可以为机械式开关，或者，由可变电容/可变电感构成的具备开关作用的器件，但并不以此为限。
在本实施例中，举例说明，若可调装置为开关，则当开关闭合时，与该可调装置相连接的可调接地点接地，若可调装置为可变电容时，则当可变电容的电容值大于预设阈值时，与该可调装置相连接的可调接地点接地，当可调装置为可变电感时小于预设阈值时，与该可调装置相连接的可调接地点接地。
在本实施例中，该终端天线包括：主板、设置在主板上的馈点、金属外壳、可调装置和至少两个可调接地点，主板位于金属外壳内侧，金属外壳与主板电连接，金属外壳上开设有缝隙，且馈点和至少两个可调接地点分别设置在主板上与缝隙相对的部分，此外，至少两个可调接地点分别通过可调装置与主板电连接，这样，可以通过可调装置控制每个可调接地点是否接地，使得该终端天线的缝隙的第一末端和缝隙的第二末端可以分别辐射出相同的频率的信号，从而避免了现有技术中当手遮住终端的金属外壳上的缝隙时，会造成该终端天线辐射出的低频信号或者高频信号急剧衰减，从而导致终端天线的效率低下的问题。
继续参照图2，在上述实施例的基础上，本发明提供的终端天线的实施例二中，至少两个可调接地点为3个可调接地点时，其中，第一可调接地点 5位于缝隙的一端，第二可调接地点6和第三可调接地点7位于缝隙的另一端。
第二可调接地点6位于第一可调接地点5与第三可调接地点7之间。
在本实施例中，可以控制第一可调节接地点、第二可调接地点以及第三可调接地点是否接地，使得该终端天线的缝隙的第一末端和缝隙的第二末端可以分别辐射出相同的频率的信号。
但是并不以上述实施例为限，可调接地点的个数、位置可以根据终端的具体情况灵活调整，目的主要在于可以实现终端天线的缝隙的第一末端和缝隙的第二末端可以分别辐射出相同的频率的信号。
此外，在本发明实施的一种可能的实现方式中，第一可调接地点5通过第一开关电路(图中未示出)与主板上的接地点电连接。
第二可调接地点6通过第二开关电路(图中未示出)与主板2上的接地点电连接。
第三可调接地点7通过第三开关电路(图中未示出)与主板2上的接地点电连接。
馈点3位于第一可调接地点5和第二可调接地点6之间，或者，馈点3位于第二可调接地点6和第三可调接地点7之间。
具体地，第一开关电路、第二开关电路、以及第三开关电路为：可调电容，或者，可调电感，或者，滤波电路。
需要说明的是，上述滤波电路可以由电感和电容串联组成，根据滤波电路原理可知通过设置不同的电感值和电容值可以形成低通滤波器，带通滤波器以及高通滤波器，举例说明，当终端天线工作在低频态时，需要第一开关控制第一接地点断开，此时，第一开关可以用高通滤波器实现。
在本实施例中，第一可调接地点通过第一开关电路与主板上的接地点电连接，第二可调接地点通过第二开关电路与主板上的接地点电连接，第三可调接地点通过第三开关电路与主板上的接地点电连接，其中，第一开关电路、第二开关电路、以及第三开关电路为：可调电容，或者，可调电感，或者，滤波电路。这样可以提高对第一可调节接地点、第二可调接地点以及第三可调接地点的控制效率。
具体使用时，通过分别调整第一开关电路、第二开关电路、以及第三开 关电路的状态分别控制第一可调接地点5、第二可调接地点6以及第三可调接地点7是否接地，以使终端天线处于不同的工作状态，其中，终端天线有三种不同的工作状态即低频态、中频态和高频态。
当终端天线需要使用低频传输数据时，终端天线需要工作在低频态，此时，终端天线分别调整第一开关电路、第二开关电路、以及第三开关电路的状态以控制第一可调接地点5断开、第二可调接地点6接地以及第三可调接地点7断开。
下面通过终端天线处于低频态时的电流分布图详细说明其在低频态时的工作原理。
图6a为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于低频态时第一谐振的电流分布示意图，如图6a所示，当第一可调接地点5断开、第二可调接地点6接地以及第三可调接地点7断开即终端天线处于低频状态时，在第二可调接地点6和缝隙的第一末端40形成以0.915GHz为中心频点的约四分之一波长的第一谐振100，其中，第一谐振101为低频谐振。
图6b为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于低频态时第二谐振的电流分布示意图，如图6b所示，当第一可调接地点5断开、第二可调接地点6接地以及第三可调接地点7断开即终端天线处于低频状态时，在缝隙的第二末端41和缝隙的第一末端40形成以1.68GHz为中心频点的约二分之一波长的第二谐振102，其中，第二谐振102为高频谐振。
图6c为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于低频态时第三谐振的电流分布示意图，如图6c所示，当第一可调接地点5断开、第二可调接地点6接地以及第三可调接地点7断开即终端天线处于低频状态时，在馈点3和缝隙的第二末端41形成以2GHz为中心频点的约四分之一波长的第三谐振103，其中，第三谐振103为高频谐振。
图6d为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于低频态时第四谐振的电流分布示意图，如图6d所示，当第一可调接地点5断开、第二可调接地点6接地以及第三可调接地点7断开即终端天线处于低频状态时，在馈点3和缝隙的第一末端40形成以2.9GHz为中心频点的约四分之三波长的第四谐振104，其中，第四谐振为高频谐振104。
需要说明的是，当终端天线处于低频态时，第一谐振101的能量最强， 第二谐振102、第三谐振103和第四谐振104的能量较弱，因此，处于低频态的终端天线工作在第一谐振101。由于只有缝隙的第一末端40产生低频谐振，故当左手或者右手使用终端天线时，仍然会导致天线的效率急剧下降。
本发明实施例的仿真结果证明，终端天线放置处于自由空间状态下时，终端天线的效率高于左手或者右手使用终端天线时的天线效率，当右手使用终端天线时，且天线工作在低频段时，天线的效率最低，天线的反射系数最大。
当终端天线需要使用中频传输数据时，终端天线需要工作在中频态，此时，终端天线分别调整第一开关电路、第二开关电路、以及第三开关电路的状态以控制第一可调接地点5接地、第二可调接地点6接地以及第三可调接地点7断开。
下面通过终端天线处于中频态时的电流分布图详细说明其在中频态时的工作原理。
图7a为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于中频态时第五谐振的电流分布示意图，如图7a所示，当第一可调接地点5接地、第二可调接地点6接地以及第三可调接地点7断开即终端天线处于中频状态时，在第一可调接地点5和缝隙的第一末端40形成以1.48GHz为中心频点的约四分之一波长的第五谐振201，其中，第五谐振201为中频谐振。
图7b为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于中频态时第六谐振的电流分布示意图，如图7b所示，当第一可调接地点5接地、第二可调接地点6接地以及第三可调接地点7断开即终端天线处于中频状态时，在缝隙的第二末端41和缝隙的第一末端40形成以1.76GHz为中心频点的约二分之一波长的第六谐振202，其中，第六谐振202为中频谐振。
图7c为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于中频态时第七谐振的电流分布示意图，如图7c所示，当第一可调接地点5接地、第二可调接地点6接地以及第三可调接地点7断开即终端天线处于中频状态时，在馈点3和缝隙的第二末端41形成以2.08GHz为中心频点的约四分之一波长的第七谐振203，其中，第七谐振203为中频谐振。
图7d为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于中频态时第八谐振的电流分布示意图，如图7d所示，当第一可调接地点5接地、第二可调接地点6接 地以及第三可调接地点7断开即终端天线处于中频状态时，在馈点3和第一可调接地点5形成以3.32GHz为中心频点的约二分之一波长的第八谐振204，其中，第八谐振为高频谐振204。
需要说明的是，当终端天线处于中频态时，第五谐振201和第七谐振203均激励出频段1710-2170MHz，且第五谐振201是在第一可调接地点5和缝隙的第一末端40形成的，第七谐振203在馈点3和缝隙的第二末端41形成的，因此，当左手或者右手使用终端天线时，终端天线工作在中频段的效率不会急剧下降，该终端天线仍然能正常工作。
本发明实施例的仿真结果证明，终端天线放置处于自由空间状态下时，终端天线的效率高于左手或者右手使用终端天线时的天线效率，当右手或者左手使用终端天线时，且天线工作在中频段时，天线的效率和反射系数接近。
当终端天线需要使用高频传输数据时，终端天线需要工作在中频态，此时，终端天线分别调整第一开关电路、第二开关电路、以及第三开关电路的状态以控制第一可调接地点5断开、第二可调接地点6接地以及第三可调接地点7接地。
下面通过终端天线处于高频态时的电流分布图详细说明其在高频态时的工作原理。
图8a为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于高频态时第九谐振的电流分布示意图，如图8a所示，第一可调接地点5断开、第二可调接地点6接地以及第三可调接地点7接地即终端天线处于高频状态时，在缝隙的第二末端41和缝隙的第一末端40形成以1.6933GHz为中心频点的约二分之一波长的第九谐振301，其中，第九谐振301为中频谐振。
图8b为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于高频态时第十谐振的电流分布示意图，如图8b所示，第一可调接地点5断开、第二可调接地点6接地以及第三可调接地点7接地即终端天线处于高频状态时，在馈点3和缝隙的第一末端40形成以2.5186GHz为中心频点的约四分之三波长的第十谐振302，其中，第十谐振302为高频谐振。
图8c为本发明实施例二提供的终端天线处于高频态时第十一谐振的电流分布示意图，如图8c所示，第一可调接地点5断开、第二可调接地点6接地以及第三可调接地点7接地即终端天线处于高频状态时，在馈点3和缝隙的 第二末端41形成以2.6301GHz为中心频点的约四分之一波长的第十一谐振303，其中，第十一谐振303为高频谐振。
需要说明的是，当终端天线处于高频态时，第十谐振302和第十一谐振303均激励出频段2.5-2.7GHz，且第十谐振302是在馈点3和缝隙的第一末端40形成的，第十一谐振303在馈点3和缝隙的第二末端41形成，因此，当左手或者右手使用终端天线时，终端天线在高频段的效率不会急剧下降，该终端天线仍然能正常工作。
本发明实施例的仿真结果证明，终端天线放置处于自由空间状态下时，终端天线的效率高于左手或者右手使用终端天线时的天线效率，当右手或者左手使用终端天线时，天线的效率和反射系数接近。
本发明实施例还提供一种终端，包括本发明任意实施例提供的终端天线。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换。因此，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求书的保护范围为准。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种终端天线，其特征在于，包括：主板、设置在主板上的馈点、金属外壳、可调装置和至少两个可调接地点；
    其中，所述主板位于所述金属外壳内侧，所述金属外壳与所述主板电连接，所述金属外壳上开设有缝隙；
    所述馈点和所述至少两个可调接地点分别设置在所述主板上与所述缝隙相对的部分；
    所述至少两个可调接地点分别通过所述可调装置与所述主板电连接，所述可调装置用于控制每个所述可调接地点是否接地。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的终端天线，其特征在于，所述至少两个可调接地点为3个可调接地点时，其中，第一可调接地点位于所述缝隙的一端，第二可调接地点和第三可调接地点位于所述缝隙的另一端；
    所述第二可调接地点位于所述第一可调接地点与所述第三可调接地点之间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的终端天线，其特征在于，所述第一可调接地点通过第一开关电路与所述主板上的接地点电连接；
    所述第二可调接地点通过第二开关电路与所述主板上的接地点电连接；
    所述第三可调接地点通过第三开关电路与所述主板上的接地点电连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的终端天线，其特征在于，所述第一开关电路、所述第二开关电路、以及所述第三开关电路为：可调电容，或者，可调电感，或者，滤波电路。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的终端天线，其特征在于，所述馈点位于所述第一可调接地点和所述第二可调接地点之间，或者，所述馈点位于所述第二可调接地点和所述第三可调接地点之间。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的终端天线，其特征在于，所述金属外壳上开设有缝隙，具体为：
    所述金属外壳的两侧分别开设两个缝隙；或者，
    所述金属外壳上开设U型缝隙，所述U型缝隙的两端部延伸至所述金属外壳的两侧；或者，
    所述金属外壳底部开设两个缝隙；或者，
    所述金属外壳上开设直线型缝隙，所述直线型缝隙的两端部延伸至所述金属外壳的两侧。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的终端天线，其特征在于，所述可调装置为开关，或者，可变电容，或者，可变电感。
  8. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-7任一项所述的终端天线。
PCT/CN2016/078499 2016-04-05 2016-04-05 终端天线和终端 WO2017173582A1 (zh)

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