WO2017171136A1

WO2017171136A1 - Plasma torch and cutting device using same

Info

Publication number: WO2017171136A1
Application number: PCT/KR2016/006159
Authority: WO
Inventors: 황원규
Original assignee: 황원규
Priority date: 2016-03-31
Filing date: 2016-06-10
Publication date: 2017-10-05
Also published as: KR101781104B1

Abstract

The present specification discloses a plasma torch comprising: an electrode having an end portion processed in a shape of a teat; and a nozzle having an inner side surface formed in a shape corresponding to the end portion of the electrode, so that working gas naturally swirls and is ejected.

Description

Plasma torch and cutting device using the same

The present disclosure relates to a plasma torch for cutting and a cutting device using the same.

Unless expressly indicated herein, the contents described in this section are not prior art to the claims.

The plasma torch is a tool for generating high temperature plasma, and is mainly used for cutting a cutting material (base material).

The above-mentioned high temperature plasma has an arc in which working gas (argon, hydrogen, nitrogen, etc.) supplied from the body of the plasma torch is generated between the electrode [-] and the nozzle [+] or between the electrode [-] and the cutting material [+]. It is produced by reacting with (Arc).

For the same reason as above, the performance of the plasma torch greatly depends on the shape of the electrode and the nozzle, the flow rate and flow rate of the working gas, and the like.

1 schematically shows the internal structure of the head 1 of a conventional plasma torch.

Referring to this, the head 1 of the conventional plasma torch includes an electrode 20 surrounding the cooling tube 10, a swirling 30 surrounding the electrode 20, and a nozzle disposed below the electrode 20. 40, etc. are comprised.

Referring to the process of generating the plasma PZ in more detail, first, when the working gas (WG) is supplied from the body (not shown), the supplied working gas (WG) is obliquely around the swirling 30 Through the drilled inlet hole 32, it is introduced into the space between the inner circumferential surface of the swirl ring 30 and the outer circumferential surface of the electrode 20, thereby moving the electrode 20 at high speed and moving downward.

Subsequently, due to the potential difference, an arc is generated between the electrode 20 and the nozzle 40 (Non-Transferred Type) or between the electrode 20 and the cutting material CM to which a current is applied (Transferred Type). .

Subsequently, when the working gas WG passes through the arc, it is electrically heated and converted into the plasma PZ state.

On the other hand, in the case of the conventional plasma torch, since the gap between the inlet hole and the nozzle is narrow, it is difficult to ensure sufficient rotational inertia of the working gas, and a separate configuration that can change (accelerate or amplify) the flow rate and the flow rate of the working gas is difficult. Since there is no, there is a limit to generate a plasma having a strong cutting force.

In addition, in order to generate a sharp plasma that can easily cut the material to be cut, the front end of the electrode of the conventional plasma torch is tapered, and the conical space on the inner surface of the nozzle Is formed.

However, due to the shape of the electrode and the nozzle, the conventional plasma torch is limited in the swirling of the working gas, thereby generating a rhombus-shaped plasma that cannot form the cut surface of the cutting material close to a straight line (vertical). There is a problem.

Prior Art Literature

Patent Document 1: Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-0084951 (2015.06.16.)

Patent Document 2: Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-0046879 (2015.04.02.)

Patent Document 3: Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0055066 (2013.12.25.)

Disclosed is a task to provide a plasma torch and a cutting device using the same, in which the working gas is naturally swirled and ejected.

According to an embodiment, a plasma torch is formed in which a working gas is naturally swirled and ejected by having an electrode whose end is processed into a teat shape and an inner side of which has a nozzle formed in a shape corresponding to the end of the electrode. Is presented.

The plasma torch supplies a gas and a current, and a body having a cooling tube in the center thereof; An acceleration pipe surrounding an outer circumference of the cooling tube, one end of which is coupled to the body, and receiving and delivering current from the body; A swirl pipe unit wrapped around an outer circumference of the acceleration pipe, such that a first section through which an operating gas moves is formed between an inner circumferential surface and an outer circumferential surface of the acceleration pipe, and a plurality of inflow holes in which the working gas flows around one side is obliquely drilled. ; An electrode coupled to the other end of the acceleration pipe and having an end processed in a teat shape; A nozzle covering an outer side of the electrode, the inner side of which has a shape corresponding to an end of the electrode, and a second section communicating with the first section between the inner side and the outer side of the electrode; And a nozzle fixing cap covering the nozzle.

In addition, a shield and a shield cap may be further provided at the front end of the nozzle cap.

The swirl pipe unit may include: a swirl pipe having the inlet hole formed around one side thereof; And an insulation pipe surrounding the outer circumference of the swirl pipe, wherein the current of the same pole as the acceleration pipe may flow in the swirl pipe.

In addition, a branch section is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the swirl pipe and the inner circumferential surface of the insulated pipe so that a working gas may branch and flow, and a plurality of communication communicating the first section and the branch section around the other side of the swirl pipe. Holes may be formed.

In addition, according to the embodiment, a table on which the cutting material is mounted; A gantry installed on the table; A moving block installed in the gantry; An air tank provided on an upper portion of the moving block; The plasma torch installed under the moving block; And a field cap provided at the front end of the plasma torch, and having a plurality of air holes formed at the end thereof, to receive air from the air tank and spray the by-products from the cutting material during processing. A cutting device is shown.

In addition, the cutting device may be further provided with a position sensor for detecting the position of the plasma torch.

The plasma torch presented in the previous section has the following effects.

First, it is possible to accelerate the flow rate of the working gas and to amplify the flow rate of the working gas to generate a powerful cutting plasma.

Secondly, the working gas is ejected smoothly between the electrode and the nozzle, thereby generating a cylindrical plasma that can vertically form the cut surface of the cutting material.

In addition, the cutting device presented in the previous section can minimize damage to the plasma torch due to by-products splashing from the cutting material during piercing processing.

1 shows the internal structure of a head 1 of a conventional plasma torch.

2 is an exploded perspective view of a plasma torch 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

3 is a cutaway view of a plasma torch 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

4 is a cross-sectional view of a plasma torch 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of portion 'A' of FIG. 4; FIG.

6 is a perspective view of a cutting device 200 according to an embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

7 is a front view of a cutting device 200 according to an embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

8 is a view showing a coupling relationship between the plasma torch 100 and the field cap 250.

One ; Head of conventional plasma torch

10; Cooling tube

20; electrode

30; Swirling

32; Inflow Hall

40; Nozzle

100; Plasma torch

110; Body 150; Nozzle

112; Cooling tube 160; Nozzle Fixing Cap

120; Acceleration pipe 170; shield

130; Swirl pipe unit 180; Shield cap

130a; Swirl pipe

130b; Insulated pipe A; First section

132; Inlet hole B; Section 2

134; Communication hole C; Branch section

136; Gas storage groove D; Cooling chamber

140; Electrode E; Shield section

200; Cutting device

210; Table 250; Field cap

220; Gantry 252; Air hole

230; Moving block 260; Position sensor

240; Air tank

242; Solenoid valve

244; hose

WG; Working gas PZ; plasma

SG; Shield gas AR; air

CF; Cooling fluid CM; Cutting material

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the plasma torch 100 and the cutting device 200 according to the embodiment will be described in detail.

2 is an exploded perspective view of the plasma torch 100 according to the embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a cutaway view of the plasma torch 100.

2 and 3, the plasma torch 100 according to the embodiment includes a body 110, an acceleration pipe 120, a swirl pipe unit 130, an electrode 140, a nozzle 150, and a nozzle. It comprises a fixing cap 160.

4 illustrates the internal structure of the plasma torch 100 in detail.

Referring to this, the body 110 supplies the gases WG and SG, the current, and the cooling fluid CF. In the center of the body 110 is provided a cooling tube 112 through which the cooling fluid CF flows.

The acceleration pipe 120 surrounds the outer circumference of the cooling tube 112, and one end is coupled to the body 110. The cooling fluid CF is distributed in the internal space of the acceleration pipe 120. The acceleration pipe 120 serves as a medium for receiving a current from the body 110 and delivering it to the electrode 140 to be described later. In addition, the working gas WG moves to the first section A, which will be described later, and serves as a path having a predetermined length so as to secure sufficient rotational inertia.

The swirl pipe unit 130 surrounds the outer circumference of the acceleration pipe 120. A first section A through which the working gas WG supplied from the body 110 moves is formed between the inner circumferential surface of the swirl pipe unit 130 and the outer circumferential surface of the acceleration pipe 120.

Around one side of the swirl pipe unit 130 adjacent to the body 110, a plurality of inlet holes 132 may be constant to allow the working gas WG supplied from the body 110 to flow into the first section A. FIG. Formed at intervals. In particular, the inlet hole 132 is obliquely drilled in the swirl pipe unit 130 so that the working gas WG introduced into the first section A can be swirled.

The swirl pipe unit 130 may be composed of a swirl pipe 130a and an insulation pipe 130b. The inlet hole 132 described above is formed around one side of the swirl pipe 130a, and the insulation pipe 130b surrounds the outer circumference of the swirl pipe 130a.

At this time, a current of the same polarity [−] as the current flowing through the acceleration pipe 120 is applied to the swirl pipe 130a, and the insulation pipe 130b blocks the current flowing through the swirl pipe 130a from being transferred to the surroundings. .

In FIG. 5, a portion 'A' of FIG. 4 may be enlarged to understand the flow of working gas WG.

Referring to this, when the current of the same polarity [−] flows in parallel in the same direction (electrode direction) in the swirl pipe 130a and the acceleration pipe 120, the acceleration pipe 120 and the swirl pipe 130a may be respectively provided. A magnetic field is formed, the electromagnetic force (force) of each magnetic field acting toward the first section (A). As a result, the conductive working gas WG that moves the first section A is pinched by two magnetic fields, moving away from the inner wall of the swirl pipe 130a and the outer wall of the acceleration pipe 120. As a result, the moving speed becomes even faster.

In addition, a branch section C is formed between the inner circumferential surface of the insulation pipe 130b and the outer circumferential surface of the swirl pipe 130a, and the first section (1) is formed around the other side of the swirl pipe 130a in which the inlet hole 132 is not formed. Preferably, a plurality of communication holes 134 communicating A and branch sections C are formed. At this time, the communication hole 134 is perforated obliquely to the swirl pipe 130a.

When the branch section (C) is formed, the working gas (WG) supplied from the body 110 is branched to the first section (A) and the branch section (C) to move, as described above, the first section In (A), the flow velocity of the working gas WG is accelerated by the magnetic field, so that the internal air pressure is lower than that of the branch section B. Therefore, the working gas WG moving the branch section C is sucked into the communication hole 134 by the pressure difference, and the flow rate of the working gas WG moving the first section A is the communication hole. (134) Amplified rapidly in the vicinity.

At this time, the gas storage groove 136 is preferably formed at a predetermined position on the inner circumferential surface of the insulating pipe 130b facing the communication hole 134. The gas storage groove 136 forms a space in which a certain amount of the working gas WG can stay so that the working gas WG can be moved from the branch section C to the first center A without being accumulated. .

Referring to FIG. 4, the electrode 140 is detachably coupled to the other end of the acceleration pipe 120. The end of the electrode 140 is processed into a teat shape. Here, a teat shape means the shape which has a round head and a narrow waist. The electrode 140 receives the current of the [-] pole from the acceleration pipe 120 and generates an arc by reacting the nozzle 150 or the cut material CM to which the [+] polar current is applied. The tip end of the electrode 140 is provided with an electrode material such as hafnium or zirconium.

The nozzle 150 is disposed to cover the outer side of the electrode 140, and the inner side surface is formed in a shape corresponding to the end shape of the electrode 140. A second section B is formed between the inner surface of the nozzle 150 and the outer surface of the electrode 140 to communicate with the first section A. The working gas WG is discharged to the outside through the nozzle 150.

When the end of the electrode 140 is processed into a streamlined teat shape and the inner surface of the nozzle 150 is formed to correspond to the teat shape, the working gas WG is formed at the end of the electrode 140. And the inner surface of the nozzle 150 is smoothly rotated and emitted to the outside, thereby generating a cylindrical plasma PZ.

When the cutting material CM is cut (or pierced) by the cylindrical plasma PZ, the cut surface is formed vertically (straightly).

On the other hand, the cross-sectional area of the second section (B) is gradually narrower from the point (P ₁) where the first, second sections (A, B) are connected, to the point (P ₂) where the circumference of the electrode 140 is thickest It is preferably formed to This is to apply Bernoulli's theorem, where the speed increases and the pressure decreases when the fluid passes through a narrow area. In particular, when the pressure is reduced, a large amount of working gas (WG) is rapidly introduced through the communication hole 134 located adjacent to (P₁).

The titrated electrode 140 and the nozzle 150 having an inner surface corresponding thereto may be easily applied to a conventional plasma torch. However, the cylindrical plasma PZ may not be clearly formed when the flow rate and flow rate of the working gas WG are insufficient.

The nozzle fixing cap 160 covers the nozzle 150 and is coupled to the body 110. The nozzle fixing cap 160 serves to fix the nozzle 150 and the swirl pipe unit 130, and a cooling chamber D circulates with the cooling fluid CF circulated therein. The cooling fluid CF introduced through the cooling tube 112 circulates through the cooling chamber D connected to the cooling tube 112, and cools the heated electrode 140 and the nozzle 150.

Preferably, the shield 170 and the shield cap 180 are sequentially coupled to the front end of the nozzle fixing cap 160. Between the inner surface of the shield cap 180 and the outer surface of the nozzle fixing cap 160, a shield section E through which a shield gas SG such as gas, helium, hydrogen, and argon is moved is formed. The shield gas SG introduced into the shield section E from the body 110 is discharged to the outside through the shield 170. Shield gas SG protects the arc from the atmosphere.

The plasma torch 100 having the above-described configuration may generate a strong cutting plasma PZ by accelerating the flow rate of the working gas WG and amplifying the flow rate.

Specifically, in the plasma torch 100 according to the preferred embodiment, the working gas WG supplied from the body 110 moves the first section A of a predetermined length, and ensures sufficient speed, rotational inertia, and flow rate. Then, the second section (B) is smoothly rotated (Swirling) to be ejected to the outside, thereby generating a cutting plasma (PZ) close to the cylindrical shape, thereby processing the cutting material (CM) quickly and smoothly It can work.

6 is a perspective view of the cutting device 200 using the plasma torch 100 according to the embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of the cutting device 200.

As illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, the cutting device 200 using the plasma torch 100 described above includes a table 210, a gantry 220, a moving block 230, a plasma torch 100, and an air tank. And 240 and the field cap 250.

The table 210 mounts the cutting material CM horizontally.

The gantry 220 has both pillars installed on rails formed at both sides of the table 210 to move in the longitudinal axis direction of the table 210.

The moving block 230 is installed in the upper beam in the gantry 220 and moves in the horizontal axis direction of the table 210.

The plasma torch 100 is installed below the moving block 230 and may move in the height direction.

Air tank 240 is installed on the upper portion of the moving block 230, and serves to supply air (AR) to the field cap 250 to be described later. The air AR supplied from the air tank 240 serves to scoop out by-products (water) that springs from the cutting material CM when processing (piercing) the cutting material CM.

The position of the air tank 240 may be changed according to the user's intention. However, if the air tank 240 is provided on the upper portion of the moving block 230, the length of the air (AR) supply line can be minimized.

8 illustrates a coupling relationship between the plasma torch 100 and the field cap 250.

Referring to this, the field cap 250 is provided at the tip of the plasma torch 100. The field cap 250 is connected to the air tank 240 and the hose 244 and the like, and a plurality of air holes 252 through which the air AR is injected are formed at the end.

The field cap 250 sprays air AR to squeeze the by-products from the cutting material CM, thereby preventing the plasma torch 100 from being damaged by the by-products.

The air hole 252 of the field cap 250 is preferably drilled obliquely in one direction so that the air (AR) can be injected to be twisted (Twist). When air AR is injected twisted (by diagonal), the by-products do not bounce back into the plasma torch 100 but are scattered around. In addition, interference between the air AR and the plasma PZ is minimized.

In addition, damage caused by the above-mentioned by-products mainly occurs when the cutting start point is pierced inside the cutting material CM. For the above reason, the lower position of the moving block 230 is preferably provided with a position sensor 260 that can detect the position of the plasma torch 100. In addition, the air tank 240 is provided with a solenoid valve 242, the moving block 230 is a control module (not shown) for controlling the solenoid valve 242 based on the position information of the position sensor 260. It is preferable that this is provided.

Through this, the cutting device 200 detects the position of the plasma torch 100 and controls the solenoid valve 242 when the plasma torch 100 descends to a predetermined position to cut the material to be cut, thereby controlling the plasma. Air AR is set to be sprayed before PZ is sprayed. In particular, it is preferable that air AR is sprayed for 2-3 seconds at the time of a piercing process, and is not sprayed at the time of a cutting process.

Cutting device 200 according to the preferred embodiment made of the above configuration is provided with a field cap 250, the performance is improved to effectively protect the plasma torch 100 that can generate a lot of by-products during piercing processing Can be.

In addition, in the case of a general plasma cutting device, the torch due to the spring by-products are feared to start, mainly starting the cutting on the side (outside) of the cutting material (CM), the cutting device 200 according to a preferred embodiment The cutting start point can be easily processed (pierced) inside the cutting material CM to start cutting of the cutting material CM.

The various embodiments have been described above in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the described embodiments are merely examples, which may be variously changed by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical spirit of the claims.

Therefore, it is to be understood that the scope of the disclosed contents should not be limited to the specific embodiments, but should be considered broadly based on the technical spirit contained in the disclosed contents.

It can be used for cutting a base metal such as an iron plate.

Claims

A body 110 for supplying gas and current, and having a cooling tube 112 at the center thereof;

An acceleration pipe 120 surrounding an outer circumference of the cooling tube 112 and having one end coupled to the body 110 and receiving and transferring current from the body 110;

Wrap the outer circumference of the acceleration pipe 120, a first section (A) for moving the working gas is formed between the inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the acceleration pipe 120, a plurality of working gas is introduced around A swirl pipe unit 130 in which the inlet hole 132 is obliquely drilled;

An electrode 140 coupled to the other end of the acceleration pipe 120 and having an end processed in a teat shape;

A second covering the outer side of the electrode 140, the inner side is formed in a shape corresponding to the end of the electrode, and the second side is in communication with the first section (A) between the inner side and the outer side of the electrode 140 A nozzle 150 causing section B to be formed; And,

It comprises a; nozzle fixing cap 160 covering the nozzle 150,

Plasma torch, characterized in that to generate a cylindrical plasma by the operating gas is smoothly rotated through the second section (B) formed between the electrode 140 and the nozzle 150 to be discharged .
The method according to claim 1,

The cross-sectional area of the second section (B) is gradually narrower from the point (P ₁) where the first and second sections (A, B) are connected to the point (P ₂) where the circumference of the electrode (140) becomes thickest. And plasma plasma torch.
The method of claim 1, wherein the swirl pipe unit 130,

A swirl pipe 130a having the inlet hole 132 formed around one side thereof; And an insulation pipe 130b surrounding an outer circumference of the swirl pipe 130a.

Plasmi torch, characterized in that the swirl pipe (130a) flows in the same direction as the current of the same pole as the acceleration pipe (120).
The method according to claim 3,

Between the outer circumferential surface of the swirl pipe (130a) and the inner circumferential surface of the insulating pipe (130b) is formed a branch section (C) through which the working gas can flow branched,

Plasma torch, characterized in that a plurality of communication holes (134) for communicating the first section (A) and the branch section (C) is formed around the other side of the swirl pipe (130a).
The method according to claim 4,

A gas storage groove 136 is formed at a predetermined position on the inner circumferential surface of the insulating pipe 130b facing the communication hole 134, so that a working gas is not accumulated from the branch section C to the first section A. Plasma torch, characterized in that to be introduced without.
The method according to claim 1,

Plasma torch, characterized in that the front end of the nozzle fixing cap 160, the shield 160 and the shield cap 170 is further provided.
A table 210 on which the cutting material is mounted;

A gantry 220 installed on the table 210 and moving in the longitudinal axis direction of the table 210;

A moving block 230 installed in the can tree 220 and moving in a horizontal axis direction of the table 210;

An air tank 240 provided on an upper portion of the movable block 230;

Claims 1 to 6 any one of the plasma torch 100 is installed to be movable in the height direction in the lower portion of the moving block 230; And,

Is provided at the front end of the plasma torch 100, a plurality of air holes 252 is formed at the end, in order to blow off the by-products springing from the cutting material during processing, by receiving air from the air tank 240 is injected Field cap 250; Cutting device comprising a.
The method according to claim 7,

The lower portion of the moving block 230 is provided with a position sensor 260 that can detect the position of the plasma torch 100,

When the plasma torch 100 descends to a predetermined position to cut the cutting material, the plasma torch 100 senses the position of the plasma torch 100 so that air is injected from the field cap 250 before plasma is injected. Cutting device, characterized in that.
The method according to claim 7,

Cutting device, characterized in that the plurality of air holes 252 are obliquely drilled in front of the field cap 250 so that the air can be injected to be twisted (Twist).