WO2017170756A1 - Fil machine non thermiquement traité pour boulon, fil d'acier non thermiquement traité pour boulon, et procédé de fabrication associé, et boulon non thermiquement traité - Google Patents

Fil machine non thermiquement traité pour boulon, fil d'acier non thermiquement traité pour boulon, et procédé de fabrication associé, et boulon non thermiquement traité Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017170756A1
WO2017170756A1 PCT/JP2017/013035 JP2017013035W WO2017170756A1 WO 2017170756 A1 WO2017170756 A1 WO 2017170756A1 JP 2017013035 W JP2017013035 W JP 2017013035W WO 2017170756 A1 WO2017170756 A1 WO 2017170756A1
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Prior art keywords
bolt
less
wire
ferrite
area ratio
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PCT/JP2017/013035
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
豊久 廣岡
政道 千葉
啓己 毛利
政彦 下田
Original Assignee
株式会社神戸製鋼所
株式会社佐賀鉄工所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2017033373A external-priority patent/JP6758225B2/ja
Application filed by 株式会社神戸製鋼所, 株式会社佐賀鉄工所 filed Critical 株式会社神戸製鋼所
Publication of WO2017170756A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017170756A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a non-heat treated bolt wire, a steel wire for a non-heat treated bolt, a manufacturing method thereof, and a non-heat treated bolt.
  • the above heat treatment has been omitted, that is, non-tempering has been promoted from the viewpoint of CO 2 emission reduction and energy saving.
  • the non-heat treated bolt obtained by omitting the heat treatment can omit the steps such as the heat treatment and the bending correction after the heat treatment, so that the cost can be reduced. Furthermore, it contributes to shortening the lead time and improving the working environment in the manufacture of bolts and parts.
  • the non-tempered bolt is manufactured by forming into a bolt shape using a steel wire having a strength corresponding to the bolt strength, specifically, cold forging. Forming from a steel wire to a bolt is generally cold heading in which a compressive force is applied in the axial direction to form a head. Therefore, the steel wire is required to have good cold forging, that is, excellent cold forging.
  • Patent Document 2 The present applicant has also proposed a technique in Patent Document 2 that improves the strength and delayed fracture resistance of a non-tempered bolt as it is formed into a bolt without heat treatment.
  • Patent Document 2 further studies were necessary to reliably achieve a higher yield ratio as well as the high strength of non-tempered bolts.
  • tensile strength is 780 MPa or more and 1200 MPa or less without performing heat treatment at a high temperature such as quenching and tempering or bluing treatment
  • a non-heat treated bolt having a yield strength ratio of 0.80 or more and further having delayed fracture resistance
  • a wire for non-heat treated bolt used for manufacturing the non-heat treated bolt, a steel wire, and the non-heat treated bolt. It is providing each manufacturing method of a wire rod and a steel wire for quality bolt and non-tempered bolt.
  • the non-tempered bolt and the non-tempered bolt wire / steel wire may be simply referred to as “bolt” and “bolt wire / steel wire”, respectively.
  • the wire for non-heat treated bolts of the embodiment of the present invention that has solved the above problems is Ingredient composition is mass%, C: 0.05 to 0.30% Si: 1.10 to 2.5%, Mn: 0.50 to 2.5%, P: more than 0% and 0.03% or less, S: more than 0% and 0.03% or less, Cr: 0.03-0.30%, Al: 0.010 to 0.10%, and N: 0.0020 to 0.0100%
  • the balance consists of iron and inevitable impurities, and the carbon equivalent Ceq represented by the following formula (1) is 0.60 or more and 0.80 or less, It is characterized in that the area ratio of ferrite in the entire structure is 60% or more, the area ratio of pearlite in the entire structure is 5% or more, and the ferrite grain size number is 10 or more.
  • Ceq [C] + [Si] / 7 + [Mn] / 5 + [Cr] / 9 (1)
  • [element] shows content in mass% of each element in steel.
  • the method of manufacturing the wire for non-tempered bolts according to the embodiment of the present invention uses a steel material that satisfies the above component composition, and the heating temperature during rolling is 1000 ° C. or more and 1200 ° C. or less, and hot It is characterized in that the average cooling rate from 800 ° C. to 500 ° C. after rolling is 2.0 to 5.0 ° C./second.
  • the steel wire for non-tempered bolts of the embodiment of the present invention that has solved the above problems is Ingredient composition is mass%, C: 0.05 to 0.30% Si: 1.10 to 2.5%, Mn: 0.50 to 2.5%, P: more than 0% and 0.03% or less, S: more than 0% and 0.03% or less, Cr: 0.03-0.30%, Al: 0.010 to 0.10%, and N: 0.0020 to 0.0100%
  • the balance consists of iron and inevitable impurities, and the carbon equivalent Ceq represented by the following formula (1) is 0.60 or more and 0.80 or less, It is characterized in that the area ratio of ferrite in the entire structure is 60% or more, the area ratio of pearlite in the entire structure is 5% or more, and the ferrite grain size number is 10 or more.
  • Ceq [C] + [Si] / 7 + [Mn] / 5 + [Cr] / 9 (1)
  • [element] shows content in mass% of each element in steel.
  • the method for producing a steel wire for non-tempered bolts according to an embodiment of the present invention that has solved the above-described problem is that the wire for non-tempered bolts is drawn at a drawing area reduction rate of 20 to 40%. It has the characteristics.
  • the non-tempered bolt of the embodiment of the present invention that has solved the above-mentioned problems is
  • Ingredient composition is mass%, C: 0.05 to 0.30% Si: 1.10 to 2.5%, Mn: 0.50 to 2.5%, P: more than 0% and 0.03% or less, S: more than 0% and 0.03% or less, Cr: 0.03-0.30%, Al: 0.010 to 0.10%, and N: 0.0020 to 0.0100%
  • the balance consists of iron and inevitable impurities, and the carbon equivalent Ceq represented by the following formula (1) is 0.60 or more and 0.80 or less, It is characterized in that the area ratio of ferrite in the entire structure is 60% or more, the area ratio of pearlite in the entire structure is 5% or more, and the ferrite grain size number is 10 or more.
  • Ceq [C] + [Si] / 7 + [Mn] / 5 + [Cr] / 9 (1)
  • [element] shows content in mass% of each element in steel.
  • the non-tempered bolt preferably has a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more and 1200 MPa or less and a proof stress ratio of 0.80 or more.
  • the tensile strength is 780 MPa or more and 1200 MPa or less and the proof stress ratio is 0.80 or more without further heat treatment such as quenching and tempering or bluing treatment. It is possible to provide a non-tempered bolt having breakability, a wire / steel wire for a non-tempered bolt used for manufacturing the non-tempered bolt, and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • the component composition and structure of the non-tempered bolt may be as follows, that is, having a desired component composition, the area ratio of ferrite being 60% or more, and the area ratio of pearlite being 5% or more And found that the crystal grain size of ferrite should be 10 or more.
  • the structure of the wire / steel wire used for manufacturing the bolt may be the same as the structure of the following bolt, that is, the structure is obtained even if the wire / steel wire is processed.
  • the inventors have found that it is sufficient to obtain a structure similar to the structure of the following bolt at the stage of the wire rod, and completed the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the bolt and the wire for the bolt and the steel wire according to the embodiment of the present invention have a structure in which the structure is a two-phase structure of ferrite and pearlite, and the tensile strength and the yield strength ratio are improved in a balanced manner, and more preferably, the permanent elongation is improved.
  • the area ratio of ferrite in the entire structure is set to 60% or more.
  • the area ratio of the ferrite is preferably 62% or more, and more preferably 65% or more.
  • the upper limit of the area ratio of ferrite is 95% or less, preferably 94% or less, more preferably 93% or less in consideration of the area ratio of pearlite described below.
  • the area ratio of pearlite in the entire structure should be 5% or more.
  • the area ratio of the pearlite is preferably 6% or more, and more preferably 7% or more.
  • the upper limit of the area ratio of the pearlite is 40% or less, preferably 38% or less, more preferably 35% or less in consideration of the area ratio of the ferrite.
  • Bolts and bolt wires and steel wires according to embodiments of the present invention have a structure such as bainite and martensite that are inevitably formed in the manufacturing process in addition to ferrite and pearlite. In some cases, 5% or less is included in the area ratio of the entire tissue.
  • the area ratio of the structure and the area ratio of ferrite are known when the structure such as bainite is included, the area ratio of pearlite is from 100%, and the area ratio of the structure such as bainite and the area of ferrite. It may be obtained by subtracting the rate.
  • the ferrite grain size number is 10 or more.
  • the ferrite grain size number is preferably 10.3 or more, more preferably 10.5 or more. Since the mechanical properties improve as the ferrite crystal grain size becomes finer, the upper limit of the ferrite crystal grain size number is not particularly limited. However, in consideration of the component composition and the manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the upper limit of the ferrite crystal grain size number is preferably about 12 or so.
  • C is an element necessary for securing the strength of steel.
  • the lower limit of the C content was set to 0.05%.
  • the amount of C is preferably 0.10% or more, more preferably 0.15% or more.
  • the upper limit of the C amount is set to 0.30%.
  • the amount of C is preferably 0.25% or less, more preferably 0.20% or less.
  • Si acts as a deoxidizer and is an element necessary for securing the strength of steel. Si is also an element that suppresses the precipitation of coarse cementite and improves delayed fracture resistance. Furthermore, permanent elongation can be reduced by adding a certain amount of Si. In order to obtain these effects, the lower limit of the Si content is set to 1.10%. The amount of Si is preferably 1.20% or more, more preferably 1.30% or more, and still more preferably 1.50% or more. In the embodiment of the present invention, from the viewpoint of securing the strength of the steel and reducing the permanent elongation, the Si addition amount is increased as compared with the conventional non-tempered bolt.
  • the tensile strength of the bolt may exceed the upper limit of 1200 MPa, so the upper limit of Si content is set to 2.5%.
  • the amount of Si is preferably 2.20% or less, more preferably 2.00% or less.
  • Mn ensures the strength of the steel and has an effect as a deoxidizer.
  • the lower limit of the amount of Mn is set to 0.50%.
  • the amount of Mn is preferably 0.75% or more, more preferably 1.00% or more.
  • the upper limit of the amount of Mn is set to 2.5%.
  • the amount of Mn is preferably 2.20% or less, more preferably 2.00% or less.
  • P more than 0% and 0.03% or less
  • P is an element that segregates at grain boundaries and deteriorates cold forgeability. It is also an element that causes a decrease in delayed fracture resistance. Therefore, the amount of P is suppressed to 0.03% or less.
  • the amount of P is preferably 0.015% or less, more preferably 0.010% or less. The smaller the amount of P, the better. However, it is difficult to make it 0% in production, and usually at least about 0.003% can be included.
  • S more than 0% and 0.03% or less
  • S concentrates on the crystal grain boundary to form MnS, which becomes a stress-concentrated portion and causes cracking, resulting in a decrease in delayed fracture resistance. Therefore, the S content is suppressed to 0.03% or less.
  • the amount of S is preferably 0.015% or less, more preferably 0.010% or less. The smaller the amount of S, the better. However, it is difficult to make it 0% in production, and usually at least about 0.003% can be included.
  • Cr 0.03-0.30%
  • Cr is an element for ensuring the strength, and has the effect of reprecipitating during the baking process performed when the plating process is performed, and suppressing a decrease in the strength.
  • the lower limit of the Cr content is 0.03%.
  • the amount of Cr is preferably 0.05% or more, more preferably 0.07% or more, and further preferably 0.10% or more.
  • the upper limit of Cr content is set to 0.30%.
  • the amount of Cr is preferably 0.25% or less, more preferably 0.20% or less.
  • Al 0.010 to 0.10%
  • Al is an element used as a deoxidizer. In addition, it is an element effective for securing the strength by refining crystal grains while forming nitrides to prevent coarsening of prior austenite crystal grains by the pinning effect.
  • the lower limit of the Al content is set to 0.010%.
  • the amount of Al is preferably 0.015% or more, more preferably 0.020% or more.
  • the upper limit of Al content is set to 0.10%.
  • the amount of Al is preferably 0.08% or less, more preferably 0.06% or less.
  • N is a constituent element of carbonitrides precipitated in ferrite, and prevents coarsening of prior austenite crystal grains by a pinning effect.
  • the lower limit of the N amount is set to 0.0020%.
  • the amount of N is preferably 0.0030% or more, more preferably 0.0035% or more.
  • the upper limit of the N amount is set to 0.0100%.
  • the amount of N is preferably 0.0080% or less, and more preferably 0.0060% or less.
  • the components of the bolt and the wire for bolt / steel wire according to the embodiment of the present invention are as described above, and the balance is iron and inevitable impurities.
  • the inevitable impurities may be mixed in the raw material and the manufacturing process, and may be contained to such an extent that the various characteristics of the bolt and the steel constituting the bolt wire / steel wire are not harmed.
  • the unavoidable impurities Ni may be 0.03% or less, preferably 0.02% or less, and Cu may be 0.03% or less, preferably 0.02% or less.
  • V may be 0.02% or less, Nb may be 0.02% or less, and Ti may be 0.02% or less as inevitable impurities.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is different from Patent Document 2 in that V or the like is not actively added to enhance precipitation strengthening.
  • Embodiments of the present invention in order to make the strength of bolts JIS B1051 (2012) or JIS B1051 (2015) as a strength category of 8.8 to 10.9 and a proof stress ratio of 0.80 or more
  • the carbon equivalent Ceq represented by the above formula (1) of the bolt and the wire for bolt / steel wire is 0.60 or more and 0.80 or less.
  • the carbon equivalent Ceq is preferably 0.65 or more, more preferably 0.70 or more, and preferably 0.78 or less.
  • the tensile strength of the bolts shall be 780 MPa or more and 1200 MPa or less.
  • the tensile strength of the bolt is preferably 800 MPa or more, more preferably 850 MPa or more, still more preferably 900 MPa or more, preferably 1100 MPa or less, more preferably 1000 MPa or less.
  • the 0.2% proof stress of the bolt is 870 MPa or more, depending on the tensile strength of the bolt. More preferably, it is preferably 880 MPa or more, and the 0.01% proof stress of the bolt is preferably 660 MPa or more, more preferably 670 MPa or more. The higher the yield strength, the better.
  • the upper limit of the 0.2% yield strength of the bolt is about 900 MPa, and the upper limit of the 0.01% yield strength of the bolt is It is about 690 MPa.
  • the permanent elongation in the guarantee load test described above can be suppressed by setting the proof stress ratio to 0.80 or more.
  • the proof stress ratio is preferably 0.85 or more, more preferably 0.90 or more.
  • Non-tempered bolt wire / steel wire and non-tempered bolt manufacturing method The non-heat treated bolt wire / steel wire and the non-heat treated bolt according to the embodiment of the present invention can be manufactured by the following steps.
  • Heating temperature during hot rolling 1000 ° C to 1200 ° C
  • the heating temperature is set to 1000 ° C. or higher.
  • the heating temperature is preferably 1010 ° C. or higher, more preferably 1015 ° C. or higher.
  • the heating temperature is preferably 1190 ° C. or lower, more preferably 1185 ° C. or lower.
  • the rolling conditions for hot rolling are not particularly limited, and general conditions can be adopted. After hot rolling, cool as follows.
  • an average cooling rate in the above temperature range is 5.0 ° C. / Less than a second.
  • the average cooling rate is preferably 4.8 ° C./second or less, more preferably 4.5 ° C./second or less, and even more preferably 4.2 ° C./second or less.
  • the lower limit of the average cooling rate is 2.0 ° C./second or more from the viewpoint of securing the strength.
  • the average cooling rate is preferably 2.3 ° C./second or more, more preferably 2.5 ° C./second or more, and even more preferably 2.7 ° C./second or more.
  • the cooling from the said 500 degreeC to room temperature is not specifically limited, For example, it can be allowed to cool.
  • the non-heat treated bolt steel wire according to the embodiment of the present invention is obtained by performing wire drawing under the following conditions using a wire manufactured under the above conditions.
  • the drawing area reduction ratio is preferably 20.5% or more, and more preferably 21.0% or more.
  • the upper limit of the wire drawing area reduction rate is set to 40%.
  • the wire drawing area reduction ratio is preferably 39.0% or less, and more preferably 38.0% or less.
  • the tensile strength of the steel wire obtained by the above wire drawing is approximately 750 to 990 MPa.
  • the method of manufacturing the bolt using the steel wire is not particularly limited, and as usual, after forming into a bolt shape by cold heading, the screw portion may be rolled to manufacture the bolt.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not include a heat treatment at a high temperature of about 300 ° C. or higher such as quenching and tempering or bluing treatment.
  • heating temperature is 100 ° C. or more and less than 300 ° C., and further 200 ° C. or less for heating time 120 to 300 for dehydrogenation. It is preferable to heat for a minute. If the heating temperature is too high, the cost merit due to non-tempering cannot be expected, and the zinc melts.
  • the non-tempered bolt according to the embodiment of the present invention is suitably used for automobiles, various industrial machines and the like.
  • a non-tempered bolt steel according to the embodiment of the present invention as described above, a non-tempered bolt exhibiting a particularly high tensile strength and a high yield strength ratio without performing heat treatment such as quenching and tempering or bluing treatment. It can be manufactured inexpensively and easily.
  • Coating type phosphate coating
  • Immersion time in metal soap (bonderite, bonderube treatment) coating layer 3 to 15 minutes
  • the area ratio of ferrite, the grain size number of ferrite, and the area ratio of pearlite are the same as those of the wire material after immersion in lead and steel because the austenite region is not heated again after immersion in lead. Nearly equal for lines and bolts.
  • Table 3 No. 1, 13, 15 and 10 bolt structure results and The ferrite grain size number of No. 9 is “ ⁇ ”. No. 1, 13 and 15 were plated and / or baked. 2, 14, and 16; No. 10 before baking the 10 bolts. 9, and No. 9 was baked on the No. 9 bolt. It seems to be almost the same as 10.
  • the invention examples subjected to plating-baking treatment that is, No. For 2, 4, 6 and 8, the permanent elongation of the bolt was also measured as follows. That is, a guaranteed load (9.8 class M8 bolt: 35500 N, 8.8 class M10 bolt: 21200 N) was applied to the bolt after each treatment for 15 seconds, and the elongation after removing the load was measured. Furthermore, the conventional example which performed the baking process, and the invention example which performed the baking process, ie, No.3. For 10, 14, and 16, the permanent elongation of the bolt was measured in the same manner.
  • the permanent elongation during the guaranteed load test is preferably 12.5 ⁇ m or less, but the above example satisfies this range.
  • the permanent elongation is more preferably 7 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 5 ⁇ m or less. From these examples, No. In 4, 6, 8, 14, and 16, the baking process is performed at a temperature lower than that of the bluing process, but it can be seen that the permanent elongation is sufficiently suppressed.
  • Delayed fracture resistance of bolts Delayed fracture resistance of some bolts was evaluated. More specifically, after performing hydrogen charging by immersing in a 36% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution for 30 minutes using the bolt, a slow-speed tensile test was performed under the following conditions to determine the elongation at break, that is, the elongation at break of the bolt charged with hydrogen. ] / [Breaking elongation of bolt without hydrogen charge] was determined. In Nos.
  • No. 1 to 8 and 13 to 16 are examples of the invention that satisfy the requirements defined in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the steel wires according to the embodiments of the present invention exhibit excellent cold heading, and the obtained bolts are
  • No. 1 is a conventional example in which bluing treatment is essential without performing heat treatment at a high temperature such as bluing treatment. It can be seen that it has a high strength and proof stress ratio of a level close to 10, and has delayed fracture resistance.
  • no. Nos. 14 and 16 were excellent non-tempered bolts having both desired strength and reduction in permanent elongation.
  • No. 9, 11 and 12 are examples that do not satisfy any of the requirements defined in the embodiment of the present invention, and any of the characteristics is deteriorated. That is, no. In No. 9, since the amount of C was excessive, a large amount of undissolved carbide remained by heating before hot rolling, and sufficient ferrite could not be secured, resulting in a reduced yield strength ratio.
  • No. 11 is an example in which V and Nb which are not actively used in the embodiment of the present invention are added. When V and Nb are added in this way, the characteristics can be secured, but it is not easy to control the form of precipitates in the production stage.
  • No. No. 12 is a comparative example in which the component composition and structure of the steel material are outside the specified range, and a desired yield strength ratio cannot be obtained without heat treatment such as bluing.
  • the present application includes a Japanese patent application filed on March 31, 2016, Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-071429, and a Japanese patent application filed on February 24, 2017, Japanese Patent Application No. 2017. Accompanied by priority claim with -033333 as the basic application.
  • Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-071429 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-033373 are incorporated herein by reference.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un boulon non thermiquement traité caractérisé en ce que sa composition de composant est, en termes de % en masse, 0,05 à 0,30 % de C, 1,10 à 2,5 % de Si, 0,50 à 2,5 % de Mn, plus de 0 % et pas plus de 0,03 % de P, plus de 0 % et pas plus de 0,03 % de S, 0,03 à 0,30 % de Cr, 0,010 à 0,10 % d'Al, et 0,0020 à 0,0100 % de N, le reste comprenant du fer et des impuretés inévitables, un équivalent de carbone prescrit Ceq du boulon non thermiquement traité est de 0,60 à 0,80, le rapport en aire de la ferrite par rapport à la structure entière de celui-ci est de 60 % ou plus et le rapport en aire de la perlite par rapport à la structure entière de celui-ci est de 5 % ou plus, et le numéro de taille de grain de cristal de ferrite de celui-ci est au moins n° 10.
PCT/JP2017/013035 2016-03-31 2017-03-29 Fil machine non thermiquement traité pour boulon, fil d'acier non thermiquement traité pour boulon, et procédé de fabrication associé, et boulon non thermiquement traité WO2017170756A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016071429 2016-03-31
JP2016-071429 2016-03-31
JP2017-033373 2017-02-24
JP2017033373A JP6758225B2 (ja) 2016-03-31 2017-02-24 非調質ボルト用線材、非調質ボルト用鋼線およびそれらの製造方法、ならびに非調質ボルト

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