WO2017167141A1 - 无线局域网信标发送方法及装置 - Google Patents

无线局域网信标发送方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017167141A1
WO2017167141A1 PCT/CN2017/078229 CN2017078229W WO2017167141A1 WO 2017167141 A1 WO2017167141 A1 WO 2017167141A1 CN 2017078229 W CN2017078229 W CN 2017078229W WO 2017167141 A1 WO2017167141 A1 WO 2017167141A1
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Prior art keywords
wireless terminal
beacon
time
wireless
data frame
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PCT/CN2017/078229
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王云贵
何志健
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2017167141A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017167141A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/16—Performing reselection for specific purposes
    • H04W36/18—Performing reselection for specific purposes for allowing seamless reselection, e.g. soft reselection

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  • the present application relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for transmitting a wireless local area network beacon (English: beacon).
  • a wireless local area network beacon English: beacon
  • Wireless local area network has been widely used in homes, offices, public places and the like.
  • a more popular wireless local area network architecture includes: a wireless access point and a wireless terminal.
  • the access point (AP) is generally used to associate with the wireless terminal, and the wireless terminal is connected to the wireless local area network.
  • the wireless controller (English: wireless controller) is a network device used to centrally control the AP. It is the core of a wireless network and is responsible for managing all APs in the wireless network.
  • the management of the AP includes: delivery configuration and modification. Related configuration parameters, RF intelligent management or access security control.
  • a wireless controller manages multiple APs.
  • the coverage area of a single AP is limited. Therefore, in order to increase the coverage, it is often necessary to install two or more APs to achieve the purpose of using a wireless network within a certain range.
  • the wireless terminal moves and removes the coverage of the AP associated with the wireless terminal and enters the coverage of another AP, the wireless terminal is disconnected from the AP in the original location, and is associated with the AP in the mobile location. Called wireless roaming.
  • the wireless terminal When the wireless terminal roams wirelessly in the wireless local area network, whenever the coverage area of the original AP is removed, it is re-associated with the new AP, so the roaming is not smooth.
  • the present application provides a wireless local area network beacon transmission method and apparatus to improve roaming performance.
  • a method for transmitting a wireless local area network beacon comprising:
  • a data frame sent by the wireless terminal determining, according to the data frame, a first time, wherein a time interval between the first time and the second time is N times of a beacon period of the wireless terminal And N ⁇ 2, the second time is a time when the wireless access point newly transmits a beacon; and the first unicast beacon is sent to the wireless terminal at the first time, the first unicast message
  • the target recipient address is a medium access control address of the wireless terminal, and a basic service set identifier (BSSID) of the first unicast beacon is a unique BSSID between the wireless access point and the wireless terminal.
  • BSSID basic service set identifier
  • the wireless local area network beacon transmitting method provided by the present invention, by setting a unique BSSID between the wireless access point and the wireless terminal, so that the wireless terminal always uses the same BSSID when roaming between different APs.
  • AP communication for wireless terminals, considers that the same AP is always associated, and thus it is not aware that it roams between different APs, achieving zero roaming.
  • the wireless access point is prevented from transmitting beacons to the wireless terminal in each beacon period, thereby reducing the wireless access point.
  • the air interface time occupied by sending a beacon reduces the air interface overhead.
  • determining, according to the data frame, the first time comprises: determining, when the content indicated by the power management field of the data frame is a predetermined content, determining the time interval a listening interval of the wireless terminal; determining the time according to the time interval.
  • a wireless terminal in sleep mode wakes up periodically only periodically based on its listening interval.
  • the wireless terminal In the listening interval of the wireless terminal, even if the beacon frame is transmitted, the wireless terminal does not receive the beacon frame. Since the listening interval is generally greater than or equal to 2 beacon periods, the AP sets the time interval for transmitting the unicast beacon according to the listening interval, so that the time interval for transmitting the unicast beacon is greater than or equal to 2 beacon periods. Therefore, the wireless access point is prevented from transmitting the beacon to the wireless terminal in each beacon period, thereby reducing the air interface time occupied by the wireless access point to transmit the beacon, and reducing the air interface overhead.
  • determining, according to the data frame, the first moment includes: when the data frame is one or more data that is sent by the wireless terminal within a preset time period And obtaining, by the frame, a packet loss rate of the wireless terminal in the preset time period and a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of each data frame in the one or more data frames; When the rate is not higher than the threshold, and the RSSI is stable, the time interval is determined to be a preset value; and the first time is determined according to the time interval.
  • RSSI received signal strength indicator
  • the wireless terminal does not receive the beacon frame for multiple beacon periods, the connection with the AP may be disconnected. However, if the beacon frame is not received only once, the wireless terminal will not disconnect from the AP.
  • the wireless terminal satisfies that the packet loss rate of the wireless terminal is not higher than the threshold within the preset time period, and the RSSI is stable, it indicates that the service between the wireless terminal and the AP is continuous and stable, and is predicted to be in the next few cycles.
  • the wireless terminal is still stably associated with the AP.
  • the unicast beacon sent by the AP can basically ensure that the wireless terminal is reached, so sending the unicast beacon to the wireless terminal at intervals of 2 or more beacon periods does not cause the wireless terminal to disconnect from the AP. .
  • the RSSI is stable, and the change of the RSSI of the one or more data frames in the preset time period is within a preset range.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a wireless local area network beacon transmitting apparatus, where the apparatus includes a unit for performing the first method and the method steps of the implementation manners of the first aspect.
  • a wireless access point for use in a wireless local area network
  • the device includes: a receiving unit, configured to receive a data frame sent by the wireless terminal; and a determining unit, configured to determine, according to the data frame, a time to send the first unicast beacon to the wireless terminal, where the wireless terminal The time interval between the time when the first unicast beacon is transmitted and the first time and the second time when the wireless access point transmits the second unicast beacon is N times of the beacon period of the wireless terminal, and N ⁇ 2
  • the second unicast beacon time is a time when the wireless access point newly transmits the beacon; the sending unit is configured to send the first unicast beacon to the wireless terminal at the first time, where
  • the receiver address of the first unicast beacon is a medium access control address of the wireless terminal, and the BSSID of the first unicast beacon is a unique BSSID between the wireless access point and the wireless terminal.
  • a computer storage medium can store a program, and the program can be executed to include some or all of the steps in each implementation manner of the wireless local area network beacon transmitting method.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless local area network system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting a wireless local area network beacon according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of another method for transmitting a wireless local area network beacon according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of still another method for transmitting a wireless local area network beacon according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a wireless local area network unicast beacon transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a structural block diagram of a wireless local area network beacon transmitting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural block diagram of another wireless local area network beacon transmitting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural block diagram of still another wireless local area network beacon transmitting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless access point according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless local area network system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the system includes: at least one wireless access point and at least one wireless terminal, and the wireless terminal is also called a site, a user equipment, A user terminal, a client, etc., is a terminal used by a user to access a wireless local area network.
  • the wireless terminal may include a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a palmtop computer, or a mobile internet device.
  • a WLAN terminal is any device that has the function of a WLAN station (English: station, STA), and can be either a wireless access point or a non-AP station (English: non-AP station), such as a mobile phone, a smart phone, a computer (, Tablet PCs, personal digital assistants (PDAs), mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices and e-book readers.
  • the signal sent by each AP covers a wireless network in a certain area, and the wireless terminal can identify the AP by periodically broadcasting a beacon frame by the AP.
  • the AP can use a text-based wireless network name, as well as a unique hardware tag, to identify itself in the transmitted beacon frame.
  • the wireless terminal can also search for the AP by transmitting a probe request on the radio frequency channel and listening to the probe response (or broadcast beacon) from the AP.
  • different APs can use the same service set identifier (SSID) value, and can also use a unique basic service set identifier (BSSID), different wireless.
  • SSID service set identifier
  • BSSID unique basic service set identifier
  • the terminal can also be associated with the AP through different BSSIDs.
  • the method for transmitting a wireless local area network beacon is applied to a zero roaming wireless network.
  • the AP sets a separate BSSID for use with the wireless.
  • the terminal communicates. And transmitting, in each beacon period, the BSSID to the wireless terminal as the independent BSSID, and the receiver address (English: receiver address, RA) is the unicast medium access control of the wireless terminal (English: medium access control, MAC)
  • the beacon frame of the address which is also called a unicast beacon. If there are multiple wireless terminals, the individual BSSIDs of any two wireless terminals are different.
  • the second AP acquires the data of the wireless terminal from the first AP in the overlapping area covered by the first AP and the second AP.
  • the data of the wireless terminal includes the MAC address of the wireless terminal and a separate BSSID of the wireless terminal.
  • the second AP communicates with the wireless terminal with the separate BSSID.
  • each AP sends a unicast beacon to its associated wireless terminal in each beacon period.
  • the single-sentence is sent every cycle.
  • the broadcast scalar is very large and takes up a lot of air time.
  • a method for transmitting a wireless local area network beacon is to solve the problem that an AP in a zero-roaming network sends a large number of beacons to occupy an air interface time in a single beacon period, resulting in a huge air interface overhead.
  • the method includes:
  • Step S110 The wireless access point receives the data frame sent by the wireless terminal.
  • the wireless access point and the wireless terminal have a unique BSSID.
  • the AP sets a single BSSID corresponding to the wireless terminal, that is, the AP and the wireless terminal are uniquely used.
  • BSSID when the AP communicates with the wireless terminal, the AP receives the data frame transmitted from the wireless terminal.
  • the data frame does not include a management data frame. Since each AP associates two or more wireless terminals, each AP receives data frames transmitted by two or more wireless terminals.
  • Step S120 Wirelessly determine a first time according to the data frame, where a time interval between the first time and the second time is N times of a beacon period of the wireless terminal, and N ⁇ 2, The second time is a time when the wireless access point newly transmits a beacon;
  • Step S130 The AP sends the first unicast beacon to the wireless terminal at the first moment.
  • the AP does not send any unicast beacons to the wireless terminal, but may send unicast beacons to other wireless terminals.
  • the fact that the AP sends the first unicast beacon at the first moment does not require that the unicast beacon must be sent to the wireless terminal at the first moment, but starts to attempt to transmit at the first moment as in the conventional method of transmitting the radio frame.
  • a unicast beacon If the wireless terminal is just busy at the first moment, the first unicast beacon is sent after the backoff.
  • the first unicast beacon refers to an AP sending a beacon frame carrying an independent BSSID to the wireless terminal.
  • the unicast beacon transmitted by the AP to each wireless terminal is also unique.
  • the method for transmitting a wireless local area network beacon provides a method for transmitting the same BSSID to the AP by using the same BSSID when the wireless terminal is roaming between different APs by setting a unique BSSID between the AP and the wireless terminal.
  • a wireless terminal it is considered that the same AP is always associated, and thus it is not perceived that it roams between different APs, and zero-roaming is implemented, so that the wireless terminal roams more smoothly between APs and improves roaming performance.
  • step S120 determining, according to the data frame, a moment to send the first unicast beacon to the wireless terminal, including:
  • the content indicated by the Power Management field of the data frame is a predetermined content.
  • the content indicated by the power management field is 1,
  • the wireless terminal is instructed to enter a sleep mode (English: sleep mode), the power save mode (English mode: PS mode), and the light sleep mode (English: Light sleep mode) and heavy sleep mode (English: deep sleep mode).
  • the state of the wireless terminal is divided into a sleep mode (English: sleep mode) and an active mode (English: active mode) for power saving purposes.
  • sleep mode When the wireless terminal enters sleep mode, it does not receive the data frames sent to it, and these data frames are buffered on the AP associated with it.
  • the wireless terminal wakes up temporarily according to the listening interval (English: Listen Interval) in the sleep mode, and monitors whether there is a data frame sent to itself, if there is, the wireless terminal acquires the data frame of the AP for its buffer and continues to sleep. If there is no data frame sent to it, the wireless terminal continues to sleep.
  • listening interval English: Listen Interval
  • Step S121 When the content indicated by the power management field of the data frame is a predetermined content, determine that the time interval is a listening interval of the wireless terminal.
  • the wireless terminal When the content of the power management field in the data frame is 1, the wireless terminal enters a sleep mode.
  • the AP determines that the time interval for transmitting the unicast beacon to the wireless terminal is the listening interval of the wireless terminal.
  • the listening interval is used to indicate a period in which the wireless terminal temporarily wakes up in the power saving state.
  • the listening interval of the wireless terminal is 2 times or more times the beacon period of the wireless terminal.
  • the AP can obtain its listening interval by using an association request frame (English: association request frame) sent from the wireless terminal.
  • Step S122 determining the first moment according to the time interval.
  • the AP determines that the time at which the listening interval ends is the first unicast beacon transmission time.
  • the wireless terminal in the sleep mode wakes up periodically only according to the listening interval.
  • the wireless terminal In the listening interval of the wireless terminal, even if the beacon frame is transmitted, the wireless terminal does not receive the beacon frame. Since the listening interval is generally greater than or equal to 2 beacon periods, the AP sets the time interval for transmitting the unicast beacon according to the listening interval, so that the time interval for transmitting the unicast beacon is greater than or equal to 2 beacon periods. Therefore, the wireless access point is prevented from transmitting the beacon to the wireless terminal in each beacon period, thereby reducing the air interface time occupied by the AP to transmit the beacon, and reducing the air interface overhead.
  • step S120 when the listening intervals of two or more wireless terminals determined by the AP are the same, that is, when two or more wireless terminals wake up at the same time, the AP acquires the wireless terminals and is associated with them.
  • the chronological order specifically, the order in which each wireless terminal accesses the AP for the first time is used as the time sequence, and in accordance with the time sequence, the unicast beacons are sequentially transmitted to the wireless terminals at the end of the listening interval.
  • step S120 determines, according to the data frame, a moment to send the first unicast beacon to the wireless terminal, including:
  • Step S123 When the data frame acquired in step S110 includes one or more data frames sent by the wireless terminal in a preset time period, determining a packet loss rate of the wireless terminal in the preset time period and the one or Receive signal strength indicator (RSSI) of each data frame in multiple data frames;
  • RSSI Receive signal strength indicator
  • the AP acquires a packet loss rate of the wireless terminal within a preset time period and an RSSI of the data frame within the preset time.
  • the process of obtaining the packet loss rate of the wireless terminal is: the AP sends a data frame to the wireless terminal, and when the wireless terminal receives the data frame, it immediately sends a feedback response to the AP to notify the AP that it has received the transmission. of The data frame, so the AP obtains the packet loss rate of the wireless terminal according to the feedback response of the wireless terminal within a preset time period.
  • the RSSI of the data frame can be obtained by AP detection and calculation.
  • the AP After the AP obtains the packet loss rate and the RSSI of each data frame, it is determined whether the wireless terminal satisfies the condition 2: the packet loss rate between the wireless terminal and the AP is not higher than a threshold in a preset time period, and the RSSI is stable.
  • Step S124 When the wireless terminal satisfies the condition 2: the packet loss rate is not higher than the threshold, and the RSSI is stable, determining that the time interval is a preset value.
  • the RSSI stability includes that the RSSI of the acquired one or more data frames has a variation value within a preset time period within a preset range.
  • the time interval is configured to be a preset value.
  • the preset value is determined according to the behavior of the wireless terminal itself. Generally, the preset value is greater than or equal to 2, indicating that the time interval for transmitting the beacon to the wireless terminal is greater than or equal to 2 beacon periods. If the wireless terminal does not respond to the data frame sent by the AP within 2 or more beacon periods, the AP is considered to be disconnected from the wireless terminal. For example, if a wireless terminal does not respond to a data frame transmitted by its associated AP for 4 consecutive beacon periods, the wireless terminal is disconnected from the AP. At this time, when the wireless terminal satisfies the condition 2, the AP determines that the preset value is 3, that is, an interval of 3 beacon periods, and sends a unicast beacon to the wireless terminal when the fourth beacon period arrives. In order to reduce the frequency at which the AP sends the beacon to the wireless terminal, the purpose of reducing the air interface overhead is achieved. It should be noted that the preset value is determined according to the actual situation of each wireless terminal in response to the AP.
  • Step S125 Determine to the first time according to the time interval.
  • the time after the time interval is used as the time at which the first unicast beacon is transmitted to the wireless terminal.
  • the method for transmitting a wireless local area network beacon provides a time when the wireless terminal satisfies the condition 2: the packet loss rate of the wireless terminal is not higher than the threshold within the preset time period, and the RSSI is stable, and the time for transmitting the beacon to the wireless terminal is configured.
  • the interval is a preset value, and the preset value is greater than or equal to 2 beacon periods.
  • the wireless terminal Since the wireless terminal is in an active state and satisfies the condition 2, the service between the wireless terminal and the AP is continuous and stable, and it is predicted that the wireless terminal is still stably associated with the AP in the next few cycles, so the interval is 2 or 2 Transmitting a unicast beacon to the wireless terminal by more than one beacon period, which can ensure that the wireless terminal receives the unicast beacon sent by the AP, and therefore selectively sends a single to the wireless terminal within two or more beacon periods Broadcasting the beacon does not cause the wireless terminal to disconnect from the AP.
  • the AP can be prevented from transmitting the unicast beacon to the wireless terminal that satisfies the condition 2 in each beacon period, thereby reducing the air interface time occupied by the AP to send the unicast beacon, and reducing the air interface overhead.
  • FIG. 5 a schematic diagram of a wireless local area network unicast beacon transmission provided by this example is provided.
  • the wireless terminal is associated with the AP, and the AP receives the data frame sent by the wireless terminal.
  • the AP sends a unicast beacon to both the wireless terminals 1, 2 and 3, and according to the acquired data frame, the wireless terminal 2 satisfies the condition 1: the data frame
  • the content indicated by the power management field is a predetermined content, for example, the content indicated by the power management field in the data frame is 1, indicating that the wireless terminal is to enter the sleep mode, and acquiring the listening interval of the wireless terminal 2, for example,
  • the listening interval of the wireless terminal 2 is 2 beacon periods; or the wireless terminal 2 satisfies the condition 2: the packet loss rate within the preset time period is not higher than the threshold, and the RSSI is stable.
  • the time at which the unicast beacon is transmitted to the wireless terminal 2 is the time from the current Nth beacon period and after two beacon period times have elapsed.
  • the unicast beacon corresponding to the wireless terminal 1 and the wireless terminal 3 is transmitted at the next (N+1) beacon periods, respectively.
  • the AP transmits a unicast beacon to the wireless terminals 1 and 3 that do not satisfy the condition 1 or condition 2.
  • the wireless terminal 1 satisfies the condition 1 or satisfies the condition 2
  • the moment of the target For the wireless terminal 2 and the wireless terminal 3 that do not satisfy the condition 1 or the condition 2, the AP transmits a unicast beacon to each of the next (N + 2) beacon periods when they arrive.
  • the AP transmits a unicast beacon to the wireless terminal 2 according to the unicast beacon transmission time of the wireless terminal 2 determined at the Nth cycle, and for the wireless terminal 3, since it does not Condition 1 or Condition 2 is satisfied, so a unicast beacon is also transmitted thereto; the unicast beacon is not transmitted to the wireless terminal 1 that satisfies Condition 1 or Condition 2.
  • the AP determines the time at which the unicast beacon is transmitted according to the data frame of each wireless terminal, and selectively transmits the unicast beacon when the beacon period arrives, due to the time of transmitting the unicast beacon.
  • the interval is greater than or equal to 2 beacon periods, so that the AP avoids sending unicast beacons to each wireless terminal when each beacon period arrives, which greatly reduces the air interface time occupied by sending unicast beacons, and saves air interface overhead. Improve the performance of wireless LAN networks.
  • the present application further provides an embodiment of a wireless local area network beacon transmitting apparatus.
  • FIG. 6 is a structural block diagram of a wireless local area network beacon transmitting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the wireless access point is applied to a wireless local area network.
  • the wireless access point 600 includes a receiving unit 610, a determining unit 620, and a transmitting unit 630.
  • the receiving unit 610 is configured to receive a data frame sent by the wireless terminal.
  • the data frame is a data frame other than the management data frame.
  • a determining unit 620 configured to determine, according to the data frame, a time to send a first unicast beacon to the wireless terminal according to the data frame, where the wireless terminal sends the first unicast beacon And the time interval between the first time and the second time when the wireless access point sends the second unicast beacon is N times of the beacon period of the wireless terminal, and N ⁇ 2, the second unicast beacon The time is the time of the latest beacon transmitted by the wireless access point.
  • the sending unit 630 is configured to send, by the first moment, a first unicast beacon to the wireless terminal, where a receiver address of the first unicast beacon is a media access control address of the wireless terminal, where the The basic service set identifier BSSID of a unicast beacon is a unique BSSID between the wireless access point and the wireless terminal.
  • the AP determines the time at which the beacon is sent to the wireless terminal according to the data frame sent by the wireless terminal, because the time interval between the time and the data frame transmission is greater than or equal to 2 beacon periods. Therefore, the AP is prevented from transmitting a beacon to the wireless terminal in each beacon period, thereby reducing the air interface time occupied by the AP to transmit the beacon, and reducing the air interface overhead.
  • the determining unit 620 includes: a listening interval determining sub-unit 621 and a first time determining sub-unit 622.
  • the listening interval determining sub-unit 621 is configured to determine that the time interval is a listening interval of the wireless terminal when the content indicated by the power management field of the data frame is a predetermined content.
  • the wireless terminal When the data frame received by the receiving unit 610 satisfies the condition 1: the data frame is a null frame, and the content carried in the power management field in the empty frame is 1, the wireless terminal enters a dormant state to acquire the wireless terminal. Listening interval. Generally, the listening interval is 2 times or more of the beacon period of the wireless terminal.
  • the first time determining subunit 622 is configured to determine the first time according to the time interval.
  • the time at which the beacon is transmitted to the wireless terminal is determined as the time at which the listening interval ends based on the time interval of the wireless terminal, that is, the listening interval. And by the transmitting unit 630, at the time The wireless terminal transmits a beacon.
  • the AP and the wireless terminal have a unique corresponding BSSID, that is, the beacon sent by the AP to the wireless terminal is a unicast beacon.
  • the wireless local area network beacon transmitting apparatus has a unique BSSID between the AP and the wireless terminal, so that the wireless terminal always uses the same BSSID to communicate with the AP when roaming between different APs. For a wireless terminal, it is considered that the same AP is always associated, and thus it is not perceived that it roams between different APs, and zero roaming is realized.
  • the period for transmitting the unicast beacon of the wireless terminal in the sleep mode is its listening interval. Since the listening interval is greater than or equal to 2 beacon periods, the time interval for transmitting two unicast beacons is greater than or equal to 2 beacons. The period, therefore, avoids the AP transmitting a beacon to the wireless terminal in each beacon period, thereby reducing the air interface time occupied by the AP to transmit the beacon, and reducing the air interface overhead.
  • the determining unit 620 includes: a data acquiring subunit 623, a preset value determining subunit 624, and a second time determining subunit. 625.
  • the data determining sub-unit 623 is configured to: when the data frame is one or more data frames sent by the wireless terminal in a preset time period, obtain a packet loss for determining the wireless terminal in the preset time period.
  • the rate and the received signal strength of each of the one or more data frames indicate RSSI.
  • the packet loss rate is obtained according to a feedback response when the wireless terminal receives the data frame sent by the AP, and the RSSI can be obtained by detecting the one or more data frames sent by the wireless terminal.
  • the preset value determining sub-unit 624 is configured to determine that the time interval is a preset value when the packet loss rate is not higher than a threshold and the RSSI is stable.
  • the RSSI stabilization includes that the RSSI of the one or more data frames has a variation value within the preset time period within a preset range.
  • the preset value is determined according to the situation of the wireless terminal itself. For example, the preset value is 3, indicating that the unicast beacon is sent to the wireless terminal every 3 beacon periods.
  • the second time determining subunit 625 is configured to determine, according to the time interval, a time at which the unicast beacon is sent to the wireless terminal.
  • the WLAN beacon transmitting apparatus may disconnect the AP if the wireless terminal does not receive the beacon frame for a plurality of beacon periods. However, if the beacon frame is not received only once, the wireless terminal will not disconnect from the AP.
  • the wireless terminal satisfies that the packet loss rate of the wireless terminal is not higher than the threshold within the preset time period, and the RSSI is stable, it indicates that the service between the wireless terminal and the AP is continuous and stable, and is predicted to be in the next few cycles. The wireless terminal is still stably associated with the AP.
  • the unicast beacon sent by the AP can basically ensure that the wireless terminal is reached, so sending the unicast beacon to the wireless terminal at intervals of 2 or more beacon periods does not cause the wireless terminal to disconnect from the AP.
  • the AP can be prevented from transmitting the unicast beacon to the wireless terminal that satisfies the condition 2 in each beacon period, thereby reducing the air interface time occupied by the AP to send the unicast beacon, and reducing the air interface overhead.
  • FIG. 9 is a wireless access point according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, where the wireless access point (AP) includes a processor 910 and an antenna 920, where
  • the antenna 920 is configured to receive a data frame sent by the wireless terminal, and send a beacon to the wireless terminal at the moment.
  • the processor 910 is configured to receive, by using the antenna, a data frame sent by the wireless terminal, and determine, according to the data frame, a first time, where a time interval between the first time and the second time is the wireless terminal N times the beacon period, and N ⁇ 2, the second time is the time when the wireless access point newly transmits the beacon; and
  • the first unicast beacon Transmitting, by the antenna, the first unicast beacon to the wireless terminal by using the antenna, where a receiver address of the first unicast beacon is a media access control address of the wireless terminal, the first single The basic service set identifier BSSID of the broadcast beacon is a unique BSSID between the wireless access point and the wireless terminal.
  • the processor 910 may include a processing chip 901, a radio frequency (RF) module 902, and a baseband (BB) chip 903.
  • the processing chip 901 can be, for example, a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (English: network processor, NP), or a combination of a CPU and an NP.
  • the processing chip 905 may further include a hardware chip.
  • the hardware chip may be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof.
  • the PLD may be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field programmable logic gate array (FPGA), a general array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof.
  • the radio frequency module 902 and the baseband chip 903 can also be integrated into one chip.
  • the RF module 902 and/or the baseband chip 903 can also be integrated into the processing chip 901.
  • the radio frequency module 902 is configured to transmit or receive wireless signals through an antenna.
  • the baseband chip 903 is used for modulation and demodulation of wireless signals and digital signal processing.
  • the processor 910 is configured to determine, according to the received wireless terminal information (data frame, RSSI, etc.) whether the condition 1 is satisfied: the content indicated by the power management field of the data frame is the predetermined content, or the condition 2: the wireless in the preset time period
  • the packet loss rate of the terminal is not higher than the threshold, and the RSSI is stable, and determining the time at which the first unicast beacon is transmitted to the wireless terminal that satisfies the condition 1 or the condition 2, the preset value of the wireless terminal that satisfies the condition 2 is set;
  • the one or more data frames are calculated to obtain the packet loss rate of the wireless terminal in the preset time period, and obtain the RSSI of the detected data frame.
  • the wireless access point further includes a memory for buffering a data frame transmitted to the wireless terminal when the wireless terminal is in sleep mode when the wireless terminal is in sleep mode.
  • the memory may be a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory or a combination thereof.
  • the volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM); the non-volatile memory may be a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a hard disk (HDD), or a solid state drive (SSD).

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Abstract

公开一种无线局域网信标发送方法及装置。该方法包括：无线接入点接收无线终端发送的数据帧；根据所述数据帧，确定第一时刻，其中，所述第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时间间隔是所述无线终端信标周期的N倍，且N≥2，第二时刻为所述无线接入点最新发送信标的时刻；在所述第一时刻向所述无线终端发送第一单播信标，所述第一单播信标的BSSID为所述无线接入点与所述无线终端之间唯一的BSSID。使得该无线终端在不同的AP之间漫游时，实现了零漫游。此外，由于发送两个单播信标的时间间隔大于或者等于2个信标周期，因此，避免无线接入点在每个信标周期都向无线终端发送信标，从而降低了无线接入点发送信标所占用的空口时间，减小了空口开销。

Description

无线局域网信标发送方法及装置
本申请要求于2016年3月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610182493.4、发明名称为“无线局域网信标发送方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，特别是涉及一种无线局域网信标(英文：beacon)发送方法及装置。
背景技术
无线局域网(英文：wireless local area network，WLAN)已经广泛地应用在家庭、办公室、公共场所等地。一种比较流行的无线局域网网络架构包括：无线接入点和无线终端。其中，无线接入点通常又被称为接入点(英文：access point，AP)主要用于与无线终端关联，将该无线终端接入无线局域网。无线控制器(英文：wireless controller)是一种网络设备，用来集中化控制AP，是一个无线网络的核心，负责管理无线网络中的所有AP，其中，对AP管理包括:下发配置、修改相关配置参数、射频智能管理或接入安全控制等。
一般情况下，一个无线控制器管理多个AP。单个AP的覆盖面积有限，因此为使覆盖面增大，往往需要安置两个或两个以上AP，以达到在一定范围之内都能使用无线网络的目的。当无线终端移动并移出与该无线终端所关联的AP的覆盖范围，进入另一个AP的覆盖范围时，该无线终端与原所在地的AP关联断开，并与移动后所在地的AP关联,上述过程称为无线漫游。
当无线终端在无线局域网中无线漫游时，每当移出原AP的覆盖区域时，都要与新的AP重新关联，因此漫游不流畅。
发明内容
本申请中提供了一种无线局域网信标发送方法及装置，以提高漫游性能。
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请公开了如下技术方案：
第一方面，提供了一种无线局域网信标发送方法，该方法包括：
无线接入点接收无线终端发送的数据帧；根据所述数据帧，确定第一时刻，其中，所述第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时间间隔是所述无线终端信标周期的N倍，且N≥2，所述第二时刻为所述无线接入点最新发送信标的时刻；在所述第一时刻向所述无线终端发送第一单播信标，所述第一单播信标的接收方地址为所述无线终端的介质访问控制地址，所述第一单播信标的基本服务集标识(BSSID)为所述无线接入点与所述无线终端之间唯一的BSSID。
本方面提供的一种无线局域网信标发送方法，通过设置无线接入点与该无线终端之间具有唯一的BSSID，使得该无线终端在不同的AP之间漫游时，始终使用同一个BSSID与 AP通信，对于无线终端而言，认为始终关联同一个AP，进而感知不到其在不同AP之间漫游，实现了零漫游。
此外，由于发送两个单播信标的时间间隔大于或者等于2个信标周期，因此，避免了无线接入点在每个信标周期都向无线终端发送信标，从而降低了无线接入点发送信标所占用的空口时间，减小了空口开销。
结合第一方面，在第一方面第一种实现中，根据所述数据帧，确定第一时刻包括：当所述数据帧的功率管理字段所指示的内容为预定内容时，确定所述时间间隔为所述无线终端的监听间隔；根据所述时间间隔确定所述时刻。
处于休眠模式的无线终端只根据其监听间隔周期性地短暂醒来。在无线终端的监听间隔中，即使发送信标帧，无线终端也收不到该信标帧。由于监听间隔一般大于或等于2个信标周期，AP按照监听间隔设置发送单播信标的时间间隔，可以使发送单播信标的时间间隔大于或者等于2个信标周期。因此，避免了无线接入点在每个信标周期都向无线终端发送信标，从而降低了无线接入点发送信标所占用的空口时间，减小了空口开销。
结合第一方面，在第一方面第二种实现中，根据所述数据帧，确定第一时刻包括：当所述数据帧为所述无线终端在预设时间段内发送的一个或多个数据帧，获取所述预设时间段内无线终端的丢包率和所述一个或多个数据帧中各个数据帧的接收信号强度指示(英文：receive signal strength indicator，RSSI)；当所述丢包率不高于阈值，并且所述RSSI稳定时，确定所述时间间隔为预设值；根据所述时间间隔确定向所述第一时刻。
如果无线终端连续多个信标周期都没有收到信标帧，则可能断开与AP的连接。但是如果仅仅一次没有收到信标帧，无线终端不会断开与AP的连接。当无线终端满足在预设时间段内无线终端的丢包率不高于阈值，并且RSSI稳定时，则表明该无线终端与AP之间的业务连续并且稳定，并且预测在未来的几个周期内该无线终端仍与AP稳定关联。此时AP发送的单播信标可以基本确保到达无线终端，所以在间隔2个或2个以上信标周期向该无线终端发送单播信标，也不会导致无线终端断开与AP的连接。
结合第一方面第二种实现，在第一方面第三种实现中，所述RSSI稳定包括所述一个或多个数据帧的RSSI在所述预设时间段内的变化值在预设范围之内。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种无线局域网信标发送装置，该装置包括用于执行第一方面及第一方面各实现方式的中方法步骤的单元。
第三方面，提供了一种无线接入点，用于无线局域网中，
所述装置包括：接收单元，用于接收无线终端发送的数据帧；确定单元，用于根据所述数据帧，确定向所述无线终端发送第一单播信标的时刻，其中，所述无线终端发送第一单播信标的时刻与所述无线接入点发送第二单播信标的第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时间间隔是所述无线终端信标周期的N倍，且N≥2，所述第二单播信标时刻为是所述无线接入点最新发送的信标的时刻；发送单元，用于在所述第一时刻向所述无线终端发送第一单播信标，所述第一单播信标的接收方地址为所述无线终端的介质访问控制地址，所述第一单播信标的BSSID为所述无线接入点与所述无线终端之间唯一的BSSID。
第四方面，还提供一种计算机存储介质，其中，该计算机存储介质可存储有程序，该程序执行时可包括本发明提供一种无线局域网信标发送方法的各实现方式中的部分或全部步骤。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，对于本领域普通技术人员而言，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种无线局域网系统的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种无线局域网信标发送方法的流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的另一种无线局域网信标发送方法的流程示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的又一种无线局域网信标发送方法的流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种无线局域网单播信标发送的示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种无线局域网信标发送装置的结构框图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的另一种无线局域网信标发送装置的结构框图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的又一种无线局域网信标发送装置的结构框图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种无线接入点的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种无线局域网系统的结构示意图，所述系统包括：至少一个无线接入点和至少一个无线终端，所述无线终端又称站点，用户设备，用户终端，客户端等，是用户访问无线局域网使用的终端。具体地，无线终端可包括：手机、平板电脑、掌上电脑或者移动互联网设备等。WLAN终端是任意有WLAN站点(英文：station，STA)功能的设备，既可以是无线接入点，也可以是非AP站点(英文：non-AP station)，例如移动电话，智能手机，计算机(，平板电脑，个人数码助理(PDA)，移动互联网设备(MID)，可穿戴设备和电子书阅读器(英文：e-book reader)等。
其中，每个AP发送的信号覆盖一定区域的无线网络，无线终端可通过收听由AP周期性地广播信标帧来识别AP。AP可使用基于文本的无线网络名称，以及唯一硬件标签来在所发送的信标帧中识别自身。无线终端还可以通过在射频信道上发送探查请求并且收听来自AP的探查响应(或广播信标)来搜索AP。对于AP来说，不同的AP可以使用相同的服务集标识(英文：service set identifier，SSID)值，并且还可以使用唯一的基本服务集标识(英文：basic service set identifier，BSSID)，不同的无线终端也可以通过不同的BSSID与AP相关联。
本申请实施例提供的无线局域网信标发送方法应用于零漫游无线网络中，所谓零漫游无线网络是指，当无线终端与AP相关联时，该AP设置一个单独的BSSID，用于与该无线终端进行通信。并且在每个信标周期内都向该无线终端发送BSSID为该独立BSSID，并且接收方地址(英文：receiver address，RA)为该无线终端的单播介质访问控制(英文：medium access control，MAC)地址的信标帧，该信标帧又称单播信标。如果有多个无线终端，则任意两个无线终端的单独的BSSID不同。
当无线终端从当前第一AP覆盖的区域移动到第二AP的区域时，在第一AP和第二AP覆盖的重叠区域内，第二AP获取来自第一AP的该无线终端的资料。该无线终端的资料包括该无线终端的MAC地址和无线终端的单独的BSSID。并且第二AP用该单独的BSSID与无线终端通信。虽然无线终端从第一AP移动至第二AP的覆盖区域，但是这两个AP与该无线终端都是使用同一个BSSID进行通信。因此，该无线终端未察觉和其通信的AP的改变，所以实现了无感知漫游，即零漫游。
在零漫游网络中，每个AP在每个信标周期内都要向与其关联的无线终端发送一个单播信标，当有大量无线终端接入零漫游网络时，每个周期内发送的单播信标量很大，占用了大量的空口时间。
本申请实施例提供的一种无线局域网信标发送方法，以解决零漫游网络中AP在单个信标周期内发送大量信标占用空口时间，导致空口开销巨大的问题。
如图2所示，该方法包括：
步骤S110：无线接入点接收无线终端发送的数据帧；
所述无线接入点与该无线终端之间具有唯一的BSSID，无线终端与AP相关联时，该AP设置一个单独的BSSID与该无线终端对应，即该AP与该无线终端之间使用唯一的BSSID，AP与该无线终端通信时，AP接收来自无线终端发送的数据帧。其中，所述数据帧不包括管理数据帧。由于每个AP关联两个或两个以上无线终端，所以，每个AP接收两个或两个以上无线终端发送的数据帧。
步骤S120：根据所述数据帧，无线确定第一时刻，其中，所述第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时间间隔是所述无线终端信标周期的N倍，且N≥2，所述第二时刻为所述无线接入点最新发送信标的时刻；
步骤S130：AP在所述第一时刻向所述无线终端发送第一单播信标。
在第一时刻和第二时刻之间，AP不向该无线终端发送任何单播信标，但可能向其他无线终端发送单播信标。AP在第一时刻发送第一单播信标并不要求必须在第一时刻将单播信标发送到无线终端，而是和传统的发送无线帧的方法一样，在第一时刻开始尝试发送第一单播信标。如果在第一时刻，无线终端刚好是繁忙的，则退避后再发送第一单播信标。
所述第一单播信标是指AP向该无线终端发送携带有独立BSSID的信标帧。对于零漫游网络而言，由于每个无线终端与AP相关联具有唯一的BSSID，因此，AP向每个无线终端发送的单播信标也具有唯一性。
本实施例提供的一种无线局域网信标发送方法，通过设置AP与该无线终端之间具有唯一的BSSID，使得该无线终端在不同的AP之间漫游时，始终使用同一个BSSID与AP通信，对于无线终端而言，认为始终关联同一个AP，进而感知不到其在不同AP之间漫游，实现了零漫游，使无线终端在各个AP之间的漫游更流畅，提高了漫游性能。
在不同的情况下，有多种不同的确定方式，
可选的，步骤S120：根据所述数据帧，确定向所述无线终端发送第一单播信标的时刻包括：
判断无线终端发送的数据帧是否满足条件1：所述数据帧的功率管理(英文：Power Management)字段所指示的内容为预定内容。例如，功率管理字段所指示的内容为1， 当功率管理字段为1时，指示所述无线终端将进入休眠模式(英文：sleep mode)，所述休眠模式包括省电模式(英文：power save mode，PS mode)，轻度休眠模式(英文：light sleep mode)和重度休眠模式(英文：deep sleep mode)。
在无线局域网中，出于节电目的，将无线终端的状态分为休眠模式(英文：sleep mode)和活跃模式(英文：active mode)。当无线终端进入休眠模式时，不接收发给其的数据帧，这些数据帧被缓存在与其相关联的AP上。当该无线终端在休眠模式中根据监听间隔(英文：Listen Interval)暂时醒来，并监听是否有发给自己的数据帧，如果有，该无线终端则获取AP为其缓存的数据帧后继续休眠；如果没有发送给其的数据帧，则该无线终端继续休眠。
如图3所示，根据上述条件1的判断，
步骤S121：当所述数据帧的功率管理字段所指示的内容为预定内容时，则确定所述时间间隔为所述无线终端的监听间隔。
所述数据帧中的功率管理字段的内容为1时，则该无线终端进入休眠模式。AP确定向该无线终端发送单播信标的时间间隔为该无线终端的监听间隔。其中，监听间隔用于指示在节电状态下，该无线终端暂时醒来的周期。一般地，无线终端的监听间隔是该无线终端信标周期2倍或者更多倍。其中，AP可通过来自无线终端发送的关联请求帧(英文：association request frame)获得其的监听间隔。
步骤S122：根据所述时间间隔确定所述第一时刻。
根据步骤S121中，进入休眠模式的无线终端的监听间隔，AP确定将所述监听间隔结束的时刻作为第一单播信标发送时刻。
本实施例提供的无线局域网信标发送方法，处于休眠模式的无线终端只根据其监听间隔周期性地短暂醒来。在无线终端的监听间隔中，即使发送信标帧，无线终端也收不到该信标帧。由于监听间隔一般大于或等于2个信标周期，AP按照监听间隔设置发送单播信标的时间间隔，可以使发送单播信标的时间间隔大于或者等于2个信标周期。因此，避免了无线接入点在每个信标周期都向无线终端发送信标，从而降低了AP发送信标所占用的空口时间，减小了空口开销。
进一步地，在步骤S120中，当AP确定的两个或者两个以上无线终端的监听间隔相同，即在同一时刻有两个或者两个以上无线终端醒来时，AP获取这些无线终端与其相关联的时间顺序，具体地，按照每个无线终端首次接入AP时的顺序作为所述时间顺序，并按照该时间顺序，在监听间隔结束时，向这些无线终端依次发送单播信标。
在另一个优选的实施例中，如图4所示，步骤S120根据所述数据帧，确定向所述无线终端发送第一单播信标的时刻包括：
步骤S123：当在步骤S110中获取的数据帧包括无线终端在预设时间段内发送的一个或多个数据帧时，确定所述预设时间段内无线终端的丢包率和所述一个或多个数据帧中各个数据帧的接收信号强度指示(英文：receive signal strength indicator，RSSI)；
在步骤S123之前包括：AP获取无线终端在预设时间段内的丢包率和在该预设时间内数据帧的RSSI。其中，所述获取无线终端的丢包率的过程为：AP向无线终端发送数据帧，当无线终端接收到该数据帧时，会马上向该AP发送反馈响应以通知该AP已收到其发送的 数据帧，所以AP在预设时间段内根据无线终端的反馈响应来获取该无线终端的丢包率。所述数据帧的RSSI可通过AP检测和计算获得。
AP获取所述丢包率和各个数据帧的RSSI之后，判断所述无线终端是否满足条件2：在预设时间段内无线终端与AP之间的丢包率不高于阈值，且RSSI稳定。
步骤S124：当无线终端满足条件2：所述丢包率不高于阈值，并且所述RSSI稳定时，确定所述时间间隔为预设值。其中，所述RSSI稳定包括获取的一个或多个数据帧的RSSI在预设时间段内的变化值在预设范围之内。
当无线终端处于活跃状态，并满足条件2时，则配置所述时间间隔为预设值。
所述预设值根据无线终端自己的行为而定，一般地，所述预设值为大于或等于2，表示向无线终端发送信标的时间间隔大于或者等于2个信标周期。如果无线终端在2个或者；2个以上信标周期内，未对AP发送的数据帧做出响应，则认为该AP与该无线终端断开连接。例如，一个无线终端连续4个信标周期都没有对与其相关联的AP发送的数据帧做出响应，则该无线终端与AP断开。此时，当该无线终端满足条件2时，则AP确定所述预设值为3，即间隔3个信标周期，在第4个信标周期到来时向该无线终端发送单播信标，以减小AP向该无线终端发送信标的频率，进而达到了减少空口开销的目的。需要说明的是，该预设值根据每个无线终端响应AP的实际情况而定。
步骤S125：根据所述时间间隔确定向所述第一时刻。
将所述时间间隔后的时刻作为所述向无线终端发送第一单播信标的时刻。
本实施例提供的无线局域网信标发送方法，当无线终端满足条件2：在预设时间段内无线终端的丢包率不高于阈值，并且RSSI稳定时，配置向该无线终端发送信标的时间间隔为预设值，且预设值大于或等于2个信标周期。由于无线终端在活跃状态并满足条件2，则该无线终端与AP之间的业务连续并且稳定，并且预测在未来的几个周期内该无线终端仍与AP稳定关联，所以在间隔2个或2个以上信标周期向该无线终端发送单播信标，能够确保该无线终端接收AP发送的单播信标，因此，选择性地在2个或2个以上信标周期内向该无线终端发送单播信标，也不会导致无线终端断开与AP的连接。能够避免AP在每个信标周期都向满足条件2的无线终端发送单播信标，进而降低了AP向发送单播信标所占用的空口时间，减小了空口开销。
在一个具体的实施例中，如图5所示，为本实例提供的一种无线局域网单播信标发送的示意图。无线终端与AP相关联，AP接收无线终端发送的数据帧，
在第N个信标周期，假设该信标周期是100ms，AP给无线终端1、2和3都发送单播信标，根据获取的数据帧，无线终端2满足条件1：所述数据帧的功率管理字段所指示的内容为预定内容时，例如，所述数据帧中的功率管理字段所指示的内容为1，表明该无线终端要进入休眠模式，并获取该无线终端2的监听间隔，例如无线终端2的监听间隔是2个信标周期；或者无线终端2满足条件2：在预设时间段内的丢包率不高于阈值，并且所述RSSI稳定。则确定向无线终端2发送单播信标的时刻为从当前第N个信标周期起算，经过2个信标周期时间后的时刻。对于不满足条件1或条件2的无线终端1和无线终端3则分别在下一个(N+1个)信标周期时，发送无线终端1和无线终端3所对应的单播信标。
在第N+1个信标周期到来时，AP根据向不满足条件1或条件2的无线终端1和3发送单播信标。当检测到无线终端1满足条件1或者满足条件2时，确定向无线终端1发送单播信 标的时刻。对于不满足条件1或条件2的无线终端2和无线终端3，AP在下一个(N+2个)信标周期到来的时向其各自发送单播信标。
在第N+2个信标周期到来时，根据在第N个周期确定的无线终端2的单播信标发送时刻，AP向无线终端2发送单播信标，对于无线终端3，由于其不满足条件1或条件2，所以也向其发送单播信标；对于满足条件1或条件2的无线终端1不向其发送单播信标。
在本实施例中，AP根据每个无线终端的数据帧，确定对其发送单播信标的时刻，并且选择性地在信标周期到来时进行单播信标的发送，由于发送单播信标的时间间隔大于或者等于2个信标周期，因此避免了AP在每个信标周期到来时都向各个无线终端发送单播信标，大大降低了发送单播信标所占用的空口时间，节约空口开销，提升无线局域网网络性能。
与本申请提供的无线局域网信标发送方法实施例相对应，本申请还提供了一种无线局域网信标发送装置的实施例，
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种无线局域网信标发送装置的结构框图，该无线接入点应用于无线局域网。参照图6，该无线接入点600包括：接收单元610、确定单元620、和发送单元630。
接收单元610，用于接收无线终端发送的数据帧。
所述数据帧为除管理数据帧之外的其它数据帧。
确定单元620，用于根据所述数据帧，用于根据所述数据帧，确定向所述无线终端发送第一单播信标的时刻，其中，所述无线终端发送第一单播信标的时刻与所述无线接入点发送第二单播信标的第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时间间隔是所述无线终端信标周期的N倍，且N≥2，所述第二单播信标时刻为是所述无线接入点最新发送的信标的时刻。
发送单元630，用于在所述第一时刻向所述无线终端发送第一单播信标，所述第一单播信标的接收方地址为所述无线终端的介质访问控制地址，所述第一单播信标的基本服务集标识BSSID为所述无线接入点与所述无线终端之间唯一的BSSID。
本实施例提供的无线局域网网信标发送装置，AP根据无线终端发送的数据帧，确定向该无线终端发送信标的时刻，由于该时刻与数据帧发送的时间间隔大于或者等于2个信标周期，因此，避免了AP在每个信标周期都向无线终端发送信标，进而降低了AP发送信标所占用的空口时间，减小了空口开销。
如图7所示，在本申请一个可行的实施例中，上述无线局域网信标发送装置600中，确定单元620包括：监听间隔确定子单元621和第一时刻确定子单元622。
监听间隔确定子单元621，用于当所述数据帧的功率管理字段所指示的内容为预定内容时，确定所述时间间隔为所述无线终端的监听间隔。
当接收单元610接收的数据帧满足条件1：所述数据帧为空帧，且所述空帧中功率管理字段所携带的内容为1时，则该无线终端要进入休眠状态，获取该无线终端的监听间隔。一般地，所述监听间隔是所述无线终端信标周期的2倍或2倍以上。
第一时刻确定子单元622，用于根据所述时间间隔确定所述第一时刻。
对于满足条件1的无线终端，根据该无线终端的时间间隔，即监听间隔，确定向无线终端发送信标的时刻为监听间隔结束的时刻。并且通过发送单元630，在所述时刻向 所述无线终端发送信标。其中，AP与无线终端之间具有唯一对应的BSSID，即AP向该无线终端发送的信标为单播信标。
本实施例提供的一种无线局域网信标发送装置，通过设置AP与该无线终端之间具有唯一的BSSID，使得该无线终端在不同的AP之间漫游时，始终使用同一个BSSID与AP通信，对于无线终端而言，认为始终关联同一个AP，进而感知不到其在不同AP之间漫游，实现了零漫游。
此外，设置处于休眠模式的无线终端的发送单播信标的周期为其监听间隔，由于监听间隔大于或等于2个信标周期，即发送两个单播信标的时间间隔大于或者等于2个信标周期，因此，避免了AP在每个信标周期都向无线终端发送信标，从而降低了AP发送信标所占用的空口时间，减小了空口开销。
如图8所示，在本申请另一个优选的实施例中，无线局域网信标发送装置中，确定单元620包括：数据获取子单元623、预设值确定子单元624和第二时刻确定子单元625。
数据确定子单元623，用于当所述数据帧为所述无线终端在预设时间段内发送的一个或多个数据帧时，获取用于确定所述预设时间段内无线终端的丢包率和所述一个或多个数据帧中各个数据帧的接收信号强度指示RSSI。
所述丢包率根据无线终端接收到AP发送的数据帧时的反馈响应计算获得，所述RSSI可通过端检测无线终端发送的一个或者多个数据帧中获得。
预设值确定子单元624，用于当所述丢包率不高于阈值，并且所述RSSI稳定时，确定所述时间间隔为预设值。
所述RSSI稳定包括所述一个或多个数据帧的RSSI在所述预设时间段内的变化值在预设范围之内。所述预设值根据无线终端自身的情况确定，例如，所述预设值为3，表示每隔3个信标周期向无线终端发送一次单播信标。
第二时刻确定子单元625，用于根据所述时间间隔确定向所述无线终端发送单播信标的时刻。
本实施例提供的无线局域网信标发送装置，如果无线终端连续多个信标周期都没有收到信标帧，则可能断开与AP的连接。但是如果仅仅一次没有收到信标帧，无线终端不会断开与AP的连接。当无线终端满足在预设时间段内无线终端的丢包率不高于阈值，并且RSSI稳定时，则表明该无线终端与AP之间的业务连续并且稳定，并且预测在未来的几个周期内该无线终端仍与AP稳定关联。此时AP发送的单播信标可以基本确保到达无线终端，所以在间隔2个或2个以上信标周期向该无线终端发送单播信标，也不会导致无线终端断开与AP的连接，能够避免AP在每个信标周期都向满足该条件2的无线终端发送单播信标，进而降低了AP向发送单播信标所占用的空口时间，减小了空口开销。
为了描述的方便，描述以上装置时根据功能划分为各种单元分别描述。当然，在实施本申请时可以把各单元的功能在同一个或多个软件和/或硬件中实现。
图9为本申请又一实施例提供的一种无线接入点，该无线接入点(AP)，包括处理器910和天线920，其中，
天线920，用于接收无线终端发送的数据帧，以及在所述时刻向所述无线终端发送信标。
处理器910，用于通过所述天线接收无线终端发送的数据帧，根据所述数据帧，确定第一时刻，其中，所述第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时间间隔是所述无线终端信标周期的N倍，且N≥2，所述第二时刻为所述无线接入点最新发送信标的时刻；以及，
在所述第一时刻通过所述天线向所述无线终端发送第一单播信标，所述第一单播信标的接收方地址为所述无线终端的介质访问控制地址，所述第一单播信标的基本服务集标识BSSID为所述无线接入点与所述无线终端之间唯一的BSSID。
进一步地，如图9所示，所述处理器910可以包括：处理芯片901，射频(英文：radio frequency,RF)模块902和基带(英文：baseband，BB)芯片903。处理芯片901例如可以为中央处理器(CPU)，网络处理器(英文：network processor，NP)或者CPU和NP的组合。处理芯片905还可以进一步包括硬件芯片。上述硬件芯片可以是专用集成电路(ASIC)，可编程逻辑器件(英文：programmable logic device，PLD)或其组合。上述PLD可以是复杂可编程逻辑器件(英文：complex programmable logic device，CPLD)，现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA)，通用阵列逻辑(英文：generic array logic，GAL)或其任意组合。射频模块902和基带芯片903也可以整合为一个芯片。射频模块902和/或基带芯片903也可以整合到处理芯片901中。
射频模块902用于通过天线发射或接收无线信号。
基带芯片903用于无线信号的调制解调和数字信号处理。
处理器910用于根据收到的无线终端信息(数据帧、RSSI等)判断是否满足条件1：数据帧的功率管理字段所指示的内容为预定内容，或者条件2：在预设时间段内无线终端的丢包率不高于阈值，并且RSSI稳定时，并且确定向满足条件1或条件2的无线终端发送第一单播信标的时刻，设置满足条件2的无线终端的预设值；对获取的一个或多个数据帧进行计算，得到预设时间段内无线终端的丢包率，以及获取被检测数据帧的RSSI。
该无线接入点还包括：存储器，用于当与其关联的无线终端进入休眠模式时，缓存在该无线终端休眠时发送给其的数据帧。其中，所述存储器可以为易失性存储器，非易失性存储器或其组合。其中，易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(RAM)；非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(ROM)、快闪存储器、硬盘(HDD)或固态硬盘(SSD)。
本说明书中各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可。尤其，对于装置或系统实施例而言，由于其基本相似于方法实施例，所以描述得比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。以上所描述的装置及系统实施例仅仅是示意性的，其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的情况下，即可以理解并实施。
本发明的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种无线局域网信标发送方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    无线接入点接收无线终端发送的数据帧；
    根据所述数据帧，确定第一时刻，其中，所述第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时间间隔是所述无线终端信标周期的N倍，且N≥2，所述第二时刻为所述无线接入点最新发送信标的时刻；
    在所述第一时刻向所述无线终端发送第一单播信标，所述第一单播信标的接收方地址为所述无线终端的介质访问控制地址，所述第一单播信标的基本服务集标识(BSSID)为所述无线接入点与所述无线终端之间唯一的BSSID。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述数据帧，确定第一时刻包括：
    当所述数据帧的功率管理字段所指示的内容为预定内容时，确定所述时间间隔为所述无线终端的监听间隔；
    根据所述时间间隔确定所述第一时刻。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述数据帧，确定第一时刻包括：
    当所述数据帧为所述无线终端在预设时间段内发送的一个或多个数据帧时，获取所述预设时间段内无线终端的丢包率和所述一个或多个数据帧中各个数据帧的接收信号强度指示(RSSI)；
    当所述丢包率不高于阈值，并且所述RSSI稳定时，确定所述时间间隔为预设值；
    根据所述时间间隔确定所述第一时刻。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述RSSI稳定包括所述一个或多个数据帧的RSSI在所述预设时间段内的变化值在预设范围之内。
  5. 一种无线局域网信标发送装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    接收单元，用于接收无线终端发送的数据帧；
    确定单元，用于根据所述数据帧，确定向所述无线终端发送第一单播信标的时刻，其中，所述无线终端发送第一单播信标的时刻与所述无线接入点发送第二单播信标的第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时间间隔是所述无线终端信标周期的N倍，且N≥2，所述第二单播信标时刻为是所述无线接入点最新发送的信标的时刻；
    发送单元，用于在所述第一时刻向所述无线终端发送第一单播信标，所述第一单播信标的接收方地址为所述无线终端的介质访问控制地址，所述第一单播信标的基本服务集标识(BSSID)为所述无线接入点与所述无线终端之间唯一的BSSID。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，所述确定单元包括：
    监听间隔确定子单元，用于当所述数据帧的功率管理字段所指示的内容为预定内容时，确定所述时间间隔为所述无线终端的监听间隔；
    第一时刻确定子单元，用于根据所述时间间隔确定所述第一时刻。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，所述确定单元包括：
    数据获取子单元，用于当所述数据帧为所述无线终端在预设时间段内发送的一个或多个数据帧时，获取所述预设时间段内无线终端的丢包率和所述一个或多个数据帧中各个数据帧的接收信号强度指示(RSSI)；
    预设值确定子单元，用于当所述丢包率不高于阈值，并且所述RSSI稳定时，确定所述时间间隔为预设值；
    第二时刻确定子单元，用于根据所述时间间隔确定所述第一时刻。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述RSSI稳定包括所述一个或多个数据帧的RSSI在所述预设时间段内的变化值在预设范围之内。
  9. 一种无线接入点，用于无线局域网中，其特征在于，包括：处理器和天线，其中，
    处理器，用于通过所述天线接收无线终端发送的数据帧，根据所述数据帧，确定第一时刻，其中，所述第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时间间隔是所述无线终端信标周期的N倍，且N≥2，所述第二时刻为所述无线接入点最新发送信标的时刻；以及，
    在所述第一时刻通过所述天线向所述无线终端发送第一单播信标，所述第一单播信标的接收方地址为所述无线终端的介质访问控制地址，所述第一单播信标的基本服务集标识(BSSID)为所述无线接入点与所述无线终端之间唯一的BSSID。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的无线接入点，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于，
    当所述数据帧的功率管理字段所指示的内容为预定内容时，确定所述时间间隔为所述无线终端的监听间隔；以及根据所述时间间隔确定所述第一时刻。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的无线接入点，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于，
    当所述数据帧为所述无线终端在预设时间段内发送的一个或多个数据帧时，通过所述天线获取所述预设时间段内无线终端的丢包率和所述一个或多个数据帧中各个数据帧的接收信号强度指示(RSSI)；当判定所述丢包率不高于阈值，并且所述RSSI稳定时，确定所述时间间隔为预设值；以及根据所述时间间隔确定所述第一时刻。
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