WO2017159983A1

WO2017159983A1 - Apparatus for generating hydrogen using catalyst chamber

Info

Publication number: WO2017159983A1
Application number: PCT/KR2017/001142
Authority: WO
Inventors: 김민규
Original assignee: 김민규
Priority date: 2016-03-15
Filing date: 2017-02-02
Publication date: 2017-09-21
Also published as: CN107188120A; KR101630376B1

Abstract

An apparatus for generating hydrogen, according to the present invention, comprises: an outer housing having a lateral inner space, wherein an opening is formed on one side in the lengthwise-direction and a ventilation fan is provided on the inside of the inner space; an inner housing installed inside the outer housing and provided with a plurality of ventilation holes on a side corresponding to the ventilation fan; a middle housing installed in between the outer housing and the inner housing to perform an insulation function; an evaporation chamber mounted inside the inner housing and in which water supplied from outside is heated and converted into steam; a catalyst chamber provided on the inside with a catalyst for hydrogen generation and into which the steam generated in the evaporation chamber is introduced to come into contact with the catalyst for hydrogen generation; a dissociation chamber into which the steam that has come into contact with the catalyst for hydrogen generation and is dissociated into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas is introduced; a gas spraying unit for collecting the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas discharged from the dissociation chamber and externally discharging same; and a burner, which is installed in between the ventilation holes and the evaporation chamber on the inside of the inner housing, for emitting heat toward the evaporation chamber.

Description

Hydrogen Generator Using Catalyst Chamber

The present invention relates to a hydrophobic generator that generates hydrogen by dissociating water using a catalyst and waste heat, and more particularly, to a hydrogen generator capable of rapidly producing a larger amount of hydrogen by increasing the dissociation rate of water.

Hydrogen is colorless, tasteless and odorless and is the lightest, most diffusible, reducible, and flammable and noncorrosive gas. Atom number 1 in the Periodic Table of the Elements, present as a gaseous molecule, about 14 times faster than air diffusion. Therefore, it is excellent in diffusivity and reducibility, and saturates the unsaturated bond portion of an organic compound, and its properties are used in a wide range of fields such as electronics, chemistry, metals, glass, food, fats and oils. In addition, it is used as a fuel of a fuel cell and is used as a heat source by reacting with a catalyst such as platinum or palladium at room temperature, and when the catalyst reaction is characterized by generating a higher heat than combustion.

In addition, hydrogen is the most abundant chemical element as the most suitable energy source for future energy systems, and 0.1kg of hydrogen is contained in 1kg of seawater, and it is an energy medium that can maintain the current system together with electric energy, and can be used as an infinite resource. As a clean energy of the future, it is possible to solve the energy problem and environmental pollution problem, so it is attracting attention as an alternative energy, especially when hydrogen is used as fuel, except for the generation of very small amount of nitrogen oxides (NOx) during combustion. It is not produced and has the advantage of being easy to use as a fuel by direct combustion or as a fuel such as fuel cells and non-combustion catalysts.

Due to the utilization of hydrogen, a lot of researches are being conducted on the production of hydrogen, and recently, methanol, city gas, and bio-gas are utilized to generate hydrogen by a hydrogen reformer. However, this method has a disadvantage in that the development and the price of the hydrogen reformer are expensive. In addition, there are methods for producing hydrogen and higher carbon products without emitting carbon dioxide (CO2) by using natural gas as a plasma state, and thermochemical hydrogen production methods for producing hydrogen by a chemical cycle consisting of endothermic and exothermic reactions at low temperatures. The same device has the disadvantage of being very complicated in configuration.

In order to solve this problem, a method of generating hydrogen by supplying water to hydride compounds such as sodium borohydride (NaBH 4), lithium hydride (LiH), magnesium hydride (MgH 2), aluminum, A method of generating hydrogen by spraying water into a reaction vessel containing a catalyst for generating hydrogen including powder (Al), calcium oxide powder (CaO) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) powder has been proposed.

On the other hand, it is known that water molecules dissociate only 0.000745% of heat at 1200 ° C, 0.0197% at 1500 ° C, 0.504% at 2000 ° C, and 11.1% at 3000 ° C. Therefore, the high pyrolysis method of dissociating water molecules into hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules in ultra-high temperature heat such as a nuclear reactor is economical.

Prior literatures related to the present invention include Korean Patent No. 10-0803074.

The present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems, by increasing the efficiency of water dissociation into oxygen molecules and hydrogen molecules to maximize the amount of hydrogen generated, hydrogen that can generate a large amount of hydrogen in a shorter time The purpose is to provide a generator.

Hydrogen generating apparatus according to the present invention for achieving the above object, has an inner space lying horizontally, the outer housing is formed in one longitudinal direction, the blower fan is provided inside the inner space; An inner housing installed inside the outer housing and having an open end coupled to an inner wall of the opening of the outer housing and having a plurality of air vents formed on a side corresponding to the blowing fan; An interruption housing installed between the outer housing and the inner housing to perform an insulation function; An evaporation chamber mounted inside the inner housing and converting water provided from the outside into steam; A catalyst chamber having a hydrogen generating catalyst provided therein, and the vapor generated in the evaporation chamber being introduced into and contacting the hydrogen generating catalyst; A dissociation chamber in which steam in contact with the hydrogen generation catalyst dissociates into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas and flows in; A gas injection unit which collects hydrogen gas and oxygen gas discharged from the dissociation chamber and discharges them to the outside of the outer housing; A burner mounted between the tuyeres and the evaporation chamber in the inner housing and dissipating heat toward the evaporation chamber; A fuel container filled with fuel provided to the burner, the outer housing being seated at an upper side, and having a plurality of wheels at a lower side thereof; A controller for controlling the amount of water supplied to the evaporation chamber and the operation of the burner and the blowing fan; It includes.

The evaporation chamber is formed to have a bottom surface of a planar shape.

The hydrogen generating catalyst is prepared by mixing and drying a hydrogen generating catalyst material powder and clay, and then reforming it into a bead shape having a diameter of less than a reference value, and provided in the catalyst chamber.

The catalyst chamber is formed in a cylindrical shape divided horizontally, the catalyst for hydrogen generation is produced through the process of adhering to the inner wall of the catalyst chamber by mixing hydrogen-generating catalyst material powder and clay and drying, the catalyst chamber A plurality of slits having a depth in the radial direction of is formed.

The gas injection unit is mounted to the opening side of the outer housing to collect hydrogen gas and oxygen gas discharged from the dissociation chamber and to discharge the gas through the opening, or mounted outside the outer housing. The gas is configured to capture and discharge hydrogen gas and oxygen gas discharged from the dissociation chamber.

By using the hydrogen generator according to the present invention, the efficiency of water dissociation into oxygen molecules and hydrogen molecules can be increased to maximize the amount of hydrogen generation, and there is an advantage that a large amount of hydrogen can be generated in a shorter time.

1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen generator according to the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional perspective view of an evaporation chamber included in the hydrogen generator according to the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the catalyst chamber included in the hydrogen generator according to the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a second embodiment of the catalyst chamber included in the hydrogen generator according to the present invention.

5 is a schematic view of a hydrogen generator second embodiment according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a hydrogen generator according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen generator according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the evaporation chamber included in the hydrogen generator according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a view of the catalyst chamber included in the hydrogen generator according to the present invention Sectional perspective view.

The hydrogen generating device according to the present invention is a device for dissociating the water into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas by bringing water into contact with the hydrogen generating catalyst 510 (10), and the high temperature steam is hydrogen generating catalyst 510. The biggest feature of the configuration is that it is possible to generate a larger amount of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas in contact with (10), and to increase the amount of steam generated by heating water provided from the outside more effectively.

That is, the hydrogen generating apparatus according to the present invention has an inner space lying horizontally, but an opening is formed at one side in the longitudinal direction, and an outer housing 100 having a blowing fan 110 inside the inner space, and the outer housing. An inner housing 300 installed inside the open housing 100 is coupled to an inner wall of the opening of the outer housing 100 and has a plurality of air vents formed on a side corresponding to the blower fan 110, and the outer housing. Interrupted housing 200 is installed between the 100 and the inner housing 300 to perform a thermal insulation function, and the evaporation chamber is mounted in the interior of the inner housing 300 and the water provided from the outside is converted into steam ( 400, a catalyst for generating hydrogen 510 is provided therein, and a catalyst chamber 500 in which vapor generated in the evaporation chamber is introduced into contact with the hydrogen generating catalyst 510, and for generating hydrogen. The steam contacted with the catalyst 510 Dissociation chamber 600 that is dissociated into gas and oxygen gas, and a gas injection unit 700 which collects hydrogen gas and oxygen gas discharged from the dissociation chamber 600 and discharges them to the outside of the outer housing 100. And a burner 310 mounted between the tuyeres and the evaporation chamber 400 among the inside of the inner housing 300 and dissipating heat toward the evaporation chamber 400, and provided to the burner 310. The fuel is filled, the outer housing 100 is seated on the upper side and the fuel container 800 is provided with a plurality of wheels on the lower side, the amount of water supplied to the evaporation chamber 400 and the burner 310 and the blower fan 110 of And a controller 900 for controlling the operation.

Since the wind generated by the blower fan 110 flows into the inner housing 300 through the blower and blows toward the evaporation chamber 400, the heat generated by the burner 310 is transferred to the evaporation chamber 400. Thus, the water in the evaporation chamber 400 can be heated more quickly and effectively. On the other hand, the water supplied into the evaporation chamber 400 through the water supply pipe 410 is laid on the bottom of the evaporation chamber 400, so that the water in the evaporation chamber 400 can be heated more quickly, that is, water and evaporation The evaporation chamber 400 is formed to have a planar bottom surface so that the contact area between the chambers 400 can be as wide as possible. That is, the evaporation chamber 400 may be replaced with various shapes in addition to the rectangular parallelepiped shape shown in FIG. 2 if the bottom surface may form a plane.

On the other hand, the hydrogen generation catalyst 510 is a component for dissociating the water into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas when the contact with water, aluminum powder (Al), calcium oxide powder (CaO), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) It may be configured to include a powder or the like, or may be configured to include a silica-alumina complex oxide such as zeolite or the like. At this time, a method for dissociating water into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas using the hydrogen generation catalyst 510 including the above components has already been proposed in various ways, the catalyst for hydrogen generation 510 (10) The detailed description of the process by which water dissociates into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas is omitted. Of course, the hydrogen generation catalyst 510 included in the present invention may be made of various components in addition to the above-mentioned components as long as it can dissociate it into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas when moisture is contacted.

At this time, the hydrogen generating catalyst 510 has a diameter below the reference value after mixing and drying the hydrogen generating catalyst material powder and clay so as to increase the contact area with the steam introduced into the catalyst chamber 500 to the maximum. Reshaped in a bead shape, it may be provided to fill the inside of the catalyst chamber 500, as shown in FIG. As such, when the hydrogen generating catalyst 510 is formed in a small bead shape, a space is formed between neighboring hydrogen generating catalysts 510 even though the inside of the catalyst chamber 500 is filled with the hydrogen generating catalyst 510. As it is ensured, the steam introduced into the catalyst chamber 500 is sufficiently in contact with the catalyst for hydrogen generation 510 to be actively dissociated into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.

The steam which has undergone dissociation process while passing through the catalyst chamber 500 is converted into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas (hereinafter, abbreviated as 'mixed gas') to fill the dissociation chamber 600, and the mixed gas in the dissociation chamber 600. Is discharged to the outside of the outer housing 100 through the gas injection unit 700 mounted on the opening side of the inner space of the outer housing 100. At this time, if the ignition flame is provided to the mixed gas discharge side of the gas injection unit 700, the mixed gas discharged through the gas injection unit 700 causes a combustion reaction as shown in Figure 1, the outer housing Very high combustion heat is emitted outside of (100). Of course, by storing the mixed gas discharged through the gas injection unit 700 in a separate storage tank (not shown), it is possible to store and transport the produced mixed gas.

As mentioned above, the hydrogen generating device according to the present invention does not directly contact water provided from the outside with the hydrogen generating catalyst 510 as it is, but vaporizes it by heating it to a boiling point or higher and then contacting the hydrogen generating catalyst 510. By doing so, the effect of dissociation of the hydrogen gas into the oxygen gas and the oxygen gas can be enhanced, and thus there is an advantage that the hydrogen gas can be mass-produced.

In addition, the hydrogen generating device according to the present invention, the heat generated from the burner 310 flows into the evaporation chamber 400 in the inner housing 300, the inner housing 300 is stopped housing 200 and the outside It is also wrapped in two stages by the housing 100 has the advantage of high thermal efficiency. At this time, to further increase the above-mentioned thermal efficiency, the stop housing 200 may be made of a heat insulating material having a heat insulating property of more than a reference value, such as glass fiber or styrofoam.

On the other hand, the hydrogen generator according to the present invention, a plurality of wheels are provided on the lower side of the fuel container 800 so as to be free to move according to the user's convenience, the handle that can be pulled or pushed by a person on one side of the fuel container 800 820 may be provided.

4 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a second embodiment of the catalyst chamber 500 included in the hydrogen generator according to the present invention.

As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, when the hydrogen generation catalyst 510 is manufactured to have a small bead shape and fills the inside of the catalyst chamber 500, steam introduced into the catalyst chamber 500 may be a catalyst chamber ( It flows only along the flow path connecting the inlet (lower left opening in FIG. 1) and the outlet (right upper opening in FIG. 1) of the bar 500, and is in uniform contact with all hydrogen generating catalyst filling the catalyst chamber 500. There may be a disadvantage of not being. In particular, the faster the inflow rate of the steam, the steam flows along the shortest path connecting the inlet and the outlet of the catalyst chamber 500, thereby causing a problem that the contact area with the hydrogen generating catalyst 510 is further reduced.

In order to solve the above problems, the hydrogen generating apparatus according to the present invention, that is, to increase the contact area between the steam introduced into the catalyst chamber 500 and the hydrogen generating catalyst 510, the catalyst chamber 500 Is formed in a horizontally divided cylindrical shape, the hydrogen generation catalyst 510 may be provided on the inner wall of the catalyst chamber (500). The hydrogen generation catalyst 510 is solidified through a process of drying a powder mixed with a hydrogen generation catalyst material powder and clay and attached to the inner wall of the catalyst chamber 500, followed by drying, thereby increasing the depth in the radial direction of the catalyst chamber 500. A plurality of slits 520 are formed.

Therefore, the steam introduced into the catalyst chamber 500 is dispersed into all the slits 520 provided in the catalyst 510 for generating hydrogen, and the steam is contacted with the catalyst for generating hydrogen 510 over a larger area. As a result, a large amount of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are generated.

As the number of slits 520 formed in the hydrogen generating catalyst 510 increases, the contact area between the vapor and the hydrogen generating catalyst 510 increases, but when the number of slits 520 is too large, the catalyst chamber 500 increases. The pressure between the two adjacent slits 520 may be broken by the pressure of the incoming steam, and the number of the slits 520 is the pressure of the steam flowing into the catalyst chamber 500 and the catalyst for hydrogen generation 510. It is preferable to select appropriately according to various conditions such as the breaking strength of).

Gas injection unit 700 included in the hydrogen generating apparatus according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 1 is installed at a point corresponding to the opening of the inside of the outer housing 100 by the combustion of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas The spark generated may be configured to be discharged to the outside through the opening. However, when the gas injection unit 700 is installed inside the outer housing 100, the spark generated by the combustion of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas is in contact with the outlet of the outer housing 100, thereby damaging the outer housing 100. May be generated.

In the hydrogen generating apparatus according to the present invention, as illustrated in FIG. 5, the gas injection unit 700 may be mounted on the outside of the outer housing 100 (upper side in FIG. 5). When the gas injection unit 700 is mounted to the outside of the outer housing 100 as described above, even if the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas discharged through the gas injection unit 700 are ignited, the combustion heat is not injected to the outer housing 100 side. Bar, it is possible to prevent the damage of the outer housing (100).

Of course, the mixed gas discharged to the outside of the outer housing 100 through the gas injection unit 700 may be stored and stored in a separate storage tank (not shown) or transferred to another area. As described above, the storage tank for storing hydrogen gas or oxygen gas is manufactured and commercialized in various structures in the technical field to which the present invention pertains, and a detailed description of the storage tank is omitted.

As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated in detail using the preferable Example, the scope of the present invention is not limited to a specific Example and should be interpreted by the attached Claim. In addition, those skilled in the art should understand that many modifications and variations are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.

* Explanation of Codes *

100: outer housing 110: blowing fan

200: Interrupted housing 300: Internal housing

310: burner 400: evaporation chamber

410: water supply pipe 500: catalyst chamber

510: catalyst for generating hydrogen 520: slit

600: dissociation chamber 700: gas injection unit

800: fuel container 810: wheels

820: handle 900: control unit

Claims

An outer housing 100 having an inner space lying horizontally, the opening being formed at one side in a longitudinal direction, and having a blowing fan 110 inside the inner space;

The inner housing 300 installed inside the outer housing 100 and having one open end coupled to an inner wall of the opening of the outer housing 100 and having a plurality of air vents formed on a side corresponding to the blower fan 110. ;

An interruption housing 200 installed between the outer housing 100 and the inner housing 300 to perform an insulation function;

An evaporation chamber 400 mounted inside the internal housing 300 and configured to convert water provided from the outside into steam;

A catalyst chamber 500 having a hydrogen generating catalyst 510 provided therein, the vapor generated in the evaporation chamber being introduced into and contacting the hydrogen generating catalyst 510;

A dissociation chamber 600 into which steam in contact with the hydrogen generation catalyst 510 dissociates into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas and flows in;

A gas injection unit 700 for collecting hydrogen gas and oxygen gas discharged from the dissociation chamber 600 and discharging them to the outside of the outer housing 100;

A burner 310 mounted between the tuyeres and the evaporation chamber 400 among the inside of the inner housing 300 and dissipating heat toward the evaporation chamber 400;

The fuel provided to the burner 310 is filled, the outer housing 100 is seated on the upper side, the fuel container 800 is provided with a plurality of wheels on the lower side;

A controller 900 for controlling the amount of water supplied to the evaporation chamber 400 and the operations of the burner 310 and the blowing fan 110;

Hydrogen generating device comprising a.
The method according to claim 1,

The evaporation chamber 400 is a hydrogen generator, characterized in that the bottom surface is formed in a planar shape.
The method according to claim 1,

The hydrogen generating catalyst 510 is manufactured by mixing and drying a hydrogen generating catalyst material powder and clay, and then reforming it into a bead shape having a diameter of less than a reference value, thereby filling the inside of the catalyst chamber 500. Hydrogen generator, characterized in that provided with a plurality.
The method according to claim 1,

The catalyst chamber 500 is formed in a cylindrical shape divided horizontally,

The hydrogen generating catalyst 510 is manufactured through a process of adhering a hydrogen generating catalyst material powder and clay to attach to the inner wall of the catalyst chamber 500 and drying it, and deeply in the radial direction of the catalyst chamber 500. Hydrogen generator, characterized in that formed with a plurality of slits (520).
The method according to claim 1,

The gas injection unit 700 is mounted to the opening side in the inner space of the outer housing 100 to collect hydrogen gas and oxygen gas discharged from the dissociation chamber 600 and to discharge the gas through the opening. Or, mounted on the outside of the outer housing 100, the hydrogen generator, characterized in that configured to capture and discharge the hydrogen gas and oxygen gas discharged from the dissociation chamber (600).