CN113091052B - A catalytic combustion pilot ignition device and method utilizing thermochemical heat storage - Google Patents

Abstract

A catalytic combustion ignition starting device utilizing thermochemical heat storage comprises a thermochemical heat storage reaction system and a catalytic combustion chemical reaction system, wherein a chemical reaction of heat storage materials releasing heat is carried out in the thermochemical heat storage reaction system to generate thermochemical heat storage reaction products, the catalytic combustion chemical reaction system absorbs the heat released by the heat storage materials to carry out catalytic combustion ignition starting and carries out catalytic combustion after the catalytic combustion ignition starting to release heat, and the thermochemical heat storage reaction products in the thermochemical heat storage reaction system absorb the heat released by the catalytic combustion to be decomposed again to generate the heat storage materials so as to realize heat storage. A catalytic combustion ignition starting method utilizing thermochemical heat storage carries out chemical reaction for releasing heat on a heat storage material; the heat released by the heat storage material is used for catalytic combustion ignition starting; after the catalytic combustion is started, the catalytic combustion is carried out to release heat, and the thermochemical heat storage reaction products absorb the heat released by the catalytic combustion to be decomposed again to generate a heat storage material, so that the heat is stored.

Description

A catalytic combustion pilot ignition device and method utilizing thermochemical heat storage

technical field

The invention relates to the field of catalytic combustion pilot ignition, in particular to a catalytic combustion pilot ignition device and method utilizing thermochemical heat storage.

Background technique

The use of catalysts to improve combustion efficiency and reduce the formation of undesired products is commonly referred to as catalytic combustion. Catalytic combustion is a typical gas-solid phase catalytic reaction, which can significantly reduce the activation energy of reactant molecules, reduce energy consumption, and improve reaction conversion efficiency. Catalytic combustion is an organic waste treatment technology with low energy consumption, high efficiency and environmental friendliness. In addition, catalytic combustion technology can effectively solve the problems of unstable gas phase combustion and insufficient fuel combustion at the microscale.

In the catalytic combustion device, the ignition methods for starting the catalytic combustion reaction mainly include high-energy ignition, direct reaction with the catalyst, and preheating the incoming gas. Using a high-energy ignition device is a common ignition method, but the ignition temperature of the catalytic combustion of some fuels is high, and it is difficult to achieve direct ignition. In addition, there are a lot of flammable components in the fuel, which may cause an explosion when encountering an open flame. Directly using high-energy ignition is dangerous for gas catalytic combustion. The direct reaction with the catalyst for ignition is to directly react the fuel with the catalyst, and sometimes a catalyst for combustion initiation is required. However, for fuels with high light-off temperature, this method is difficult to achieve, and the lower initial temperature will greatly prolong the start-up time of catalytic combustion. The preheated incoming gas ignition method usually uses an electric heating device to heat the incoming gas above the light-off temperature, so as to realize the self-starting of the catalytic combustion reaction. However, the electric heating method can usually only achieve a small range of heating, and cannot heat a large amount of gas at the same time, which may prolong the start-up time of catalytic combustion. In addition, the above-mentioned several catalytic combustion starting methods have higher requirements for the ignition source and heating source, and increase the complexity of the catalytic combustion device and increase the energy consumption, which limits the application of catalytic combustion technology. The convenience of the operation of the catalytic combustion device is improved. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a more convenient and efficient catalytic combustion starting method.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a catalytic combustion pilot ignition device and method utilizing thermochemical heat storage, which does not require an additional heat source; effectively utilizes the waste heat generated by the heat release of the catalytic combustion reaction; The material stores part of the energy released by the catalytic combustion, and uses this energy for the next catalytic combustion to start the ignition, so as to improve the convenience of operation and the efficiency of energy utilization.

The purpose of this invention is to realize through the following technical solutions:

A catalytic combustion ignition starting device utilizing thermochemical heat storage, comprising a thermochemical heat storage reaction system and a catalytic combustion chemical reaction system. The thermal storage reaction product, the catalytic combustion chemical reaction system absorbs the heat released by the thermal storage material in the thermochemical thermal storage reaction system to perform catalytic combustion pilot ignition, and in the catalytic combustion chemical reaction system, catalysis is performed after the catalytic combustion pilot ignition is started. The combustion releases heat, and the thermochemical heat storage reaction product in the thermochemical heat storage reaction system absorbs the heat released by the catalytic combustion and re-decomposes to generate a heat storage material, thereby realizing heat storage.

Further, the catalytic combustion chemical reaction system includes a catalytic combustion reaction chamber, a catalytic combustion catalyst layer is arranged in the catalytic combustion reaction chamber, an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged in the catalytic combustion reaction chamber, and the air intake The inlet and the outlet are respectively provided with an inlet valve and an outlet valve, and the catalytic combustion chemical reaction system is partially or completely surrounded by a thermochemical heat storage reaction system;

The thermochemical thermal storage reaction system includes a reactant storage tank and a thermochemical thermal storage reaction chamber connected with the reactant storage tank, and a thermochemical thermal storage reaction chamber is provided between the reactant storage tank and the thermochemical thermal storage reaction chamber. The thermal reaction working medium inlet and outlet valves are provided with a thermochemical thermal storage material bed in the thermochemical thermal storage reaction chamber.

Further, the thermochemical heat storage reaction chamber partially or completely surrounds the catalytic combustion reaction chamber.

Further, the cross sections of the thermochemical heat storage reaction chamber and the catalytic combustion reaction chamber are concentric structures.

Further, both the thermochemical heat storage material bed and the catalytic combustion catalyst layer are fixed by metal separators.

A catalytic combustion pilot ignition method utilizing thermochemical heat storage, comprising the following steps:

S1: chemical reaction to release heat on the heat storage material;

S2: The heat released by the heat storage material is used for catalytic combustion to start the ignition;

S3: After the catalytic combustion is started, the catalytic combustion is carried out to release heat, and the thermochemical heat storage reaction product absorbs the heat released by the catalytic combustion and re-decomposes to generate a heat storage material to realize heat storage.

Further, the step S1 includes the following sub-steps:

S101: placing a thermal storage material in the thermochemical thermal storage material bed of the thermochemical thermal storage reaction chamber;

S102: Open the inlet and outlet valves of the thermochemical heat storage reaction working medium, and introduce the auxiliary material that reacts with the heat storage material from the reactant storage tank to the thermochemical heat storage reaction chamber, and the heat storage material reacts with the auxiliary material introduced into it. A thermochemical heat storage reaction product is generated and heat is released.

Further, the step S2 includes the following sub-steps:

S201: Open the air inlet valve of the catalytic combustion reaction chamber, and introduce the fuel and air premixed gas for the catalytic combustion reaction through the air inlet;

S202: Heat the fuel and air premixed by the heat released by the heat storage material, and provide heat for the catalytic combustion pilot ignition.

Further, the step S3 includes the following sub-steps:

S301: The fuel and air premixed gas undergoes catalytic combustion reaction and releases heat;

S302: Part of the heat released by the catalytic combustion heats the thermochemical heat storage reaction product and re-decomposes to generate a heat storage material to store heat;

S303: When the thermochemical heat storage reaction product is decomposed again to generate the heat storage material, auxiliary materials are also generated, and the auxiliary materials are returned to the reactant storage tank for storage, and then the inlet and outlet valves of the thermochemical heat storage reaction working fluid are closed.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) No additional heat source is required, suitable for various occasions, and the conditions of use are convenient and fast;

(2) The waste heat generated by the exothermic reaction of the catalytic combustion reaction can be effectively utilized; the pilot ignition of the catalytic combustion can be carried out concisely and conveniently;

(3) Part of the energy released by the catalytic combustion is stored by the heat storage material, and the energy is used for the next catalytic combustion to start the ignition, so as to improve the convenience of operation and the efficiency of energy utilization.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the catalytic combustion pilot ignition starting device utilizing thermochemical heat storage;

2 is a cross-sectional view of a catalytic combustion pilot ignition device utilizing thermochemical heat storage;

Fig. 3 is a kind of structural left side view of the catalytic combustion pilot ignition device utilizing thermochemical heat storage;

Fig. 4 is a kind of structural right side view of the catalytic combustion pilot ignition starting device utilizing thermochemical heat storage;

Description of the numbers in the figure: 1. Reactant storage tank; 2. Thermochemical heat storage material bed; 3. Thermochemical heat storage reaction chamber; 301. Thermochemical heat storage reaction working fluid inlet and outlet valve; 4. Catalytic combustion catalyst layer; 5, catalytic combustion reaction chamber; 501, inlet valve; 502, outlet valve; 6, inlet; 7, inlet and outlet of thermochemical regenerative reaction working medium; 8, metal partition; 9, outlet breath.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention are described below through specific specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict.

It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic way, so the drawings only show the components related to the present invention rather than the number, shape and number of components in actual implementation. For dimension drawing, the type, quantity and proportion of each component can be changed at will in actual implementation, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

Example 1:

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 , a catalytic combustion pilot ignition device utilizing thermochemical heat storage includes a thermochemical heat storage reaction system and a catalytic combustion chemical reaction system, in which heat storage is performed in the thermochemical heat storage reaction system The chemical reaction of the material releasing heat generates a thermochemical heat storage reaction product, and the catalytic combustion chemical reaction system absorbs the heat released by the heat storage material in the thermochemical heat storage reaction system to perform catalytic combustion pilot ignition. After the catalytic combustion is started, the catalytic combustion is carried out to release heat, and the thermochemical heat storage reaction product in the thermochemical heat storage reaction system absorbs the heat released by the catalytic combustion and decomposes again to generate a heat storage material to realize heat storage.

The catalytic combustion chemical reaction system includes a catalytic combustion reaction chamber 5, a catalytic combustion catalyst layer 4 is arranged in the catalytic combustion reaction chamber 5, and an air inlet 6 and an air outlet 9 are provided in the catalytic combustion reaction chamber 5 , the air inlet 6 and the air outlet 9 are respectively provided with an air inlet valve 501 and an air outlet valve 502, and part or all of the catalytic combustion chemical reaction system is surrounded by a thermochemical thermal storage reaction system;

The catalytic combustion catalyst layer 4 is provided with a catalyst, and the catalyst is a supported platinum catalyst;

The thermochemical thermal storage reaction system includes a reactant storage tank 1 and a thermochemical thermal storage reaction chamber 3 connected to the reactant storage tank 1 through a connecting pipeline. The reactant storage tank 1 is connected to the thermochemical thermal storage reaction chamber. A thermochemical heat storage reaction working medium inlet and outlet valve 301 is arranged between the chambers 3 , and a thermochemical heat storage material bed 2 is arranged in the thermochemical heat storage reaction chamber 3 .

The thermochemical heat storage reaction chamber 3 is provided with a thermochemical heat storage reaction working medium inlet and outlet 7, and the thermochemical heat storage reaction working medium inlet 7 is connected to the reactant storage tank 1 through a connecting pipeline, and the thermochemical heat storage reaction working medium The inlet and outlet 7 are provided with inlet and outlet valves 301 for thermochemical regenerative reaction working fluid.

A thermal storage material is placed on the bed 2 of the thermochemical thermal storage material.

The reactant storage tank 1 is provided with an auxiliary material for reacting with the heat storage material, and the auxiliary material is H ₂ O.

The heat storage material is MgO.

The thermochemical heat storage reaction chamber 3 partially or completely surrounds the catalytic combustion reaction chamber 5 in an annular structure.

The cross sections of the thermochemical heat storage reaction chamber 3 and the catalytic combustion reaction chamber 5 are concentric structures.

Both the thermochemical heat storage material bed layer 2 and the catalytic combustion catalyst layer 4 are fixed by metal separators 8 .

A catalytic combustion pilot ignition method utilizing thermochemical heat storage, comprising the following steps:

S1: chemical reaction to release heat on the heat storage material;

S101: placing a thermal storage material in the thermochemical thermal storage material bed 2 of the thermochemical thermal storage reaction chamber 3;

The heat storage material is MgO.

S102: Open the inlet and outlet valve 301 of the thermochemical heat storage reaction working medium, and pass the auxiliary material reacting with the heat storage material from the reactant storage tank 1 to the thermochemical heat storage reaction chamber 3, and the heat storage material and the auxiliary material passed in A synthesis reaction occurs to generate a thermochemical heat storage reaction product and release heat;

The auxiliary material is gas or vapor; the auxiliary material is H ₂ O;

The H ₂ O in the reactant storage tank 1 is heated by a low-temperature heat source, so that the H ₂ O gasification enters from the inlet and outlet 7 of the thermochemical heat storage reaction working medium, and the H ₂ O vapor and the storage on the thermochemical heat storage material bed 2 The thermal material MgO reacts sufficiently, releases a large amount of heat, and generates a thermochemical heat storage reaction product Mg(OH) ₂ . The temperature rises to 50-80° C. higher than the boiling point of ethanol, that is, 120-160° C. (the boiling point of ethanol is about 78.4° C.), and the next step (step S2 ) is performed.

S2: The heat released by the heat storage material is used for catalytic combustion to start the ignition;

S201: Open the air inlet valve 501 of the catalytic combustion reaction chamber 5, and feed the fuel ethanol and air premixed gas of the catalytic combustion reaction through the air inlet 6;

S202: heating the fuel ethanol and the air premixed by the heat released by the heat storage material, and supplying heat for the catalytic combustion pilot ignition;

The heat released by the reaction between the heat storage material MgO and the H ₂ O vapor enters the catalytic combustion reaction chamber 5, and the catalytic combustion reaction temperature is raised to the start-up temperature on the catalytic combustion catalyst layer 4, and the catalytic combustion reaction of ethanol occurs;

S3: After the catalytic combustion is started, the catalytic combustion is carried out to release heat, and the thermochemical heat storage reaction product absorbs the heat released by the catalytic combustion and decomposes again to form a heat storage material to realize heat storage;

S301: The fuel ethanol and the air premixed gas undergo a catalytic combustion reaction in the catalytic combustion catalyst layer 4 and release the heat of self-reaction;

S302: Part of the heat released by the catalytic combustion maintains the reaction temperature of the catalytic combustion itself, and another part of the heat enters the thermochemical heat storage reaction chamber 3 to heat the thermochemical heat storage reaction product and re-decompose to generate a heat storage material to store heat.

S303: When the thermochemical heat storage reaction product is re-decomposed to generate a heat storage material, an auxiliary material is also generated, and the auxiliary material is returned to the reactant storage tank 1 for storage in a gaseous or liquid form, and then the thermochemical heat storage reaction working fluid inlet and outlet valve 301 is closed. .

The purified gas CO ₂ and gaseous H ₂ O generated by the catalytic combustion reaction of ethanol are discharged through the gas outlet 9 .

When the temperature generated by the catalytic combustion reaction of ethanol reaches 350°C and above, a part of the heat remains in the catalytic combustion reaction chamber 5 to maintain the catalytic combustion reaction temperature of the reaction itself, and the other part of the heat is re-transferred to the thermochemical heat storage reaction chamber 3, where the heat is generated. The thermochemical heat storage reaction product Mg(OH) ₂ in the chemical heat storage reaction chamber 3 reacts to regenerate the heat storage material MgO and H ₂ O vapor. The decomposition temperature of Mg(OH) ₂ is about 350°C, and the H ₂ O vapor From the thermochemical heat storage reaction working medium inlet and outlet 7, it is discharged back into the reactant storage tank 1 to be condensed and stored.

The hydration reaction of the heat storage material MgO generates the heat released by the thermochemical reaction of the thermochemical heat storage reaction product Mg(OH) ₂ to realize the ignition of ethanol catalytic combustion, and the use of the catalytic combustion of ethanol to generate heat makes the thermochemical heat storage reaction product Mg ( OH) ₂ reacts to generate heat storage material MgO for heat storage.

The MgO/Mg(OH) ₂ thermochemical heat storage reaction system is based on the decomposition reaction of Mg(OH) ₂ and has a high heat storage density, which can reach a heat storage density of 380kWh/m ³ , and the decomposition temperature of Mg(OH) ₂ about 350°C.

The boiling point of ethanol is about 78.4 °C. Under the action of the supported platinum catalyst, ethanol starts to burn when the temperature reaches about 120 °C, and the final combustion stability temperature reaches above 450 °C.

The hydration reaction of the heat storage material MgO and H ₂ O steam can release a lot of heat, and this part of the heat raises the temperature in the ethanol catalytic combustion reaction chamber 5 to the catalytic combustion reaction initiation temperature, so as to achieve the purpose of catalytic combustion reaction initiation. At the same time, part of the heat generated by the catalytic combustion reaction of ethanol is used for the autocatalytic combustion reaction, and the other part of the heat enters the thermochemical heat storage reaction chamber 3, so that the decomposition reaction of Mg(OH) ₂ occurs, and sufficient heat is absorbed to obtain the heat storage material MgO and gaseous H again. ₂ O, to achieve the purpose of energy storage.

A catalytic combustion ignition starting device utilizing thermochemical heat storage and a method thereof do not require additional heat sources, are suitable for various occasions, and have convenient and quick use conditions; can effectively utilize the waste heat generated by the exothermic reaction of catalytic combustion; can be concise and convenient The system is composed of volumetric devices. During the heat storage process, the thermal resistance is small, the heat loss is small, and the energy utilization rate is high; the catalytic combustion is stored through the heat storage material. The released part of the energy is used for the next catalytic combustion to start the ignition, so as to improve the convenience of operation and the efficiency of energy utilization.

The catalytic combustion reaction releases a large amount of heat, and part of the heat is stored by the regenerative material. When the next catalytic combustion starts, the heat stored in the regenerative material is released to preheat the fuel and gas, so as to achieve the purpose of catalytic combustion pilot ignition. .

The storage of heat produced by catalytic combustion adopts gas-solid thermal chemical heat storage technology. Thermochemical heat storage technology is based on reversible thermochemical reactions and has the advantages of high energy storage density and no need for thermal insulation. When heat is absorbed, a decomposition reaction occurs, and the products are separated and stored; when heat is needed, a synthesis reaction occurs to release heat, so as to achieve the purpose of storage and release of heat energy.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent specific embodiments of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can also be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a catalytic combustion ignition starting device utilizing thermochemical heat storage, characterized in that: comprising a thermochemical heat storage reaction system and a catalytic combustion chemical reaction system, in the thermochemical heat storage reaction system, a heat storage material is carried out to release heat The chemical reaction of the chemical reaction generates a thermochemical heat storage reaction product. The catalytic combustion chemical reaction system absorbs the heat released by the heat storage material in the thermochemical heat storage reaction system to perform catalytic combustion and start-up. In the catalytic combustion chemical reaction system, the catalytic combustion is carried out. After the ignition is started, catalytic combustion is performed to release heat, and the thermochemical heat storage reaction product in the thermochemical heat storage reaction system absorbs the heat released by the catalytic combustion and re-decomposes to generate a heat storage material to realize heat storage; The catalytic combustion chemical reaction system includes a catalytic combustion reaction chamber, a catalytic combustion catalyst layer is arranged in the catalytic combustion reaction chamber, an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged in the catalytic combustion reaction chamber, and the air inlet is connected to the air inlet. The air outlet is respectively provided with an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve, and the catalytic combustion chemical reaction system is partially or completely surrounded by a thermochemical heat storage reaction system; The thermochemical thermal storage reaction system includes a reactant storage tank and a thermochemical thermal storage reaction chamber connected with the reactant storage tank, and a thermochemical thermal storage reaction chamber is provided between the reactant storage tank and the thermochemical thermal storage reaction chamber. an inlet and outlet valve for a thermal reaction working medium, and a thermochemical thermal storage material bed is arranged in the thermochemical thermal storage reaction chamber; A thermal storage material is placed on the bed of the thermochemical thermal storage material; The reactant storage tank is provided with an auxiliary material for reacting with the heat storage material, and the auxiliary material is H ₂ O; The heat storage material is MgO. 2. a kind of catalytic combustion pilot ignition starting device utilizing thermochemical heat storage according to claim 1, is characterized in that: The cross sections of the thermochemical heat storage reaction chamber and the catalytic combustion reaction chamber are concentric structures. 3. A kind of catalytic combustion pilot ignition starting device utilizing thermochemical heat storage according to claim 1, is characterized in that: Both the thermochemical heat storage material bed and the catalytic combustion catalyst layer are fixed by metal separators. 4. A kind of catalytic combustion pilot ignition starting method utilizing thermochemical heat storage applied to the catalytic combustion pilot ignition starting device utilizing thermochemical heat storage according to any one of claims 1-3, it is characterized in that : includes the following steps: S1: chemical reaction to release heat on the heat storage material; S2: The heat released by the heat storage material is used for catalytic combustion to start the ignition; S3: After the catalytic combustion is started, the catalytic combustion is carried out to release heat, and the thermochemical heat storage reaction product absorbs the heat released by the catalytic combustion and re-decomposes to generate a heat storage material to realize heat storage. 5 . The catalytic combustion pilot ignition method utilizing thermochemical heat storage according to claim 4 , wherein the step S1 comprises the following sub-steps: 6 . S101: placing a thermal storage material in the thermochemical thermal storage material bed of the thermochemical thermal storage reaction chamber; S102: Open the inlet and outlet valves of the thermochemical heat storage reaction working medium, and introduce the auxiliary material that reacts with the heat storage material from the reactant storage tank to the thermochemical heat storage reaction chamber, and the heat storage material reacts with the auxiliary material introduced into it. A thermochemical heat storage reaction product is generated and heat is released. 6 . A catalytic combustion pilot ignition method utilizing thermochemical heat storage according to claim 4 , wherein the step S2 comprises the following sub-steps: 7 . S201: Open the air inlet valve of the catalytic combustion reaction chamber, and pass the fuel and air premixed gas for the catalytic combustion reaction through the air inlet; S202: Heat the fuel and the air premixed by the heat released by the heat storage material, and provide heat for the catalytic combustion pilot ignition. 7. A catalytic combustion pilot ignition method utilizing thermochemical heat storage according to claim 6, wherein the step S3 comprises the following sub-steps: S301: The fuel and air premixed gas undergoes catalytic combustion reaction and releases heat; S302: Part of the heat released by the catalytic combustion heats the thermochemical heat storage reaction product and re-decomposes to generate a heat storage material to store heat; S303: When the thermochemical heat storage reaction product is decomposed again to generate the heat storage material, auxiliary material is also generated, and the auxiliary material is returned to the reactant storage tank for storage, and then the inlet and outlet valves of the thermochemical heat storage reaction working medium are closed.

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